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Vigeh M, Sahebi L, Yokoyama K. Prenatal blood lead levels and Birth Weight: a Meta-analysis study. JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH SCIENCE & ENGINEERING 2023; 21:1-10. [PMID: 37155699 PMCID: PMC10163201 DOI: 10.1007/s40201-022-00843-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2022] [Revised: 10/05/2022] [Accepted: 11/13/2022] [Indexed: 05/10/2023]
Abstract
Purpose Lead, a known toxic metal, causes several adverse reproductive effects, including low birth weight. Fortunately, the exposure level has sharply decreased during the recent decades, but a definitive safe level did not introduce for pregnant women yet. The current meta-analysis study aimed to conduct a quantitative estimation of maternal and umbilical cord blood lead effects on birth weight. Methods Two researchers have independently searched the scientific literature for retrieving related studies using the PRISMA criteria for data extraction. Twenty-one full-text articles were selected from primary 5006 titles, limited by the English language and published between 1991 and 2020 on humans. Results The pooled mean of maternal and umbilical cord blood lead levels were 6.85 µg/dL (95% CI: 3.36-10.34) and 5.41 µg/dL (95%CI: 3.43-7.40), respectively. The correlation coefficient analysis showed a significant inverse association between the mean maternal blood lead level and birth weight, which was confirmed by Fisher Z-Transformation analysis (-0.374, 95% CI: -0.382, -0.365, p < 0.01). In addition, a significantly lower birth weight (∆: 229 gr, p < 0.05) was found in the relatively high level of maternal blood lead than in low-level exposure (> 5 µg/dL vs. ≤ 5 µg/dL, respectively). Conclusion In short, the present study findings suggest an increasing maternal blood lead levels could be a potential risk factor for reducing birth weight. Thus, pregnant women should avoid lead exposure, as much as possible. Supplementary information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1007/s40201-022-00843-w.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohsen Vigeh
- Maternal, Fetal and Neonatal Research Center, Family Health Research Institute, Immam Knomeini Hospital , Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran 142933141, Iran
- Department of Epidemiology and Environmental Health, Faculty of Medicine, Juntendo University, 2-1-1 Hongo, Bunyaku-ko, 113-8421 Tokyo, Japan
| | - Leyla Sahebi
- Department of Epidemiology and Environmental Health, Faculty of Medicine, Juntendo University, 2-1-1 Hongo, Bunyaku-ko, 113-8421 Tokyo, Japan
| | - Kazuhito Yokoyama
- Department of Epidemiology and Environmental Health, Faculty of Medicine, Juntendo University, 2-1-1 Hongo, Bunyaku-ko, 113-8421 Tokyo, Japan
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Shan D, Wen X, Guan X, Fang H, Liu Y, Qin M, Wang H, Xu J, Lv J, Zhao J, Chen H. Pubertal lead exposure affects ovary development, folliculogenesis and steroidogenesis by activation of IRE1α-JNK signaling pathway in rat. ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY 2023; 257:114919. [PMID: 37086621 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2023.114919] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2023] [Revised: 04/12/2023] [Accepted: 04/14/2023] [Indexed: 05/03/2023]
Abstract
Epidemic studies showed that lead exposures are associated with various female reproductive dysfunctions, including infertility, miscarriage, preterm delivery, and early menopause. However, the mechanism involved is still unclear. In the current study, SD rats were exposed to lead at doses of 0, 5, 25, 50 or 250 mg/L through drinking water from postnatal day 21-56. Lead exposures did not affect the body weight or ovary weight. However, the puberty initiation (ages by which vagina opens and estrous cycle occurs) was significantly delayed by as many as 5.8 and 6.8 days respectively (P < 0.05). Also, lead exposures disrupted the estrous cycles, reduced the numbers of primordial and primary follicles and increased the number of atretic follicles by adult. Furthermore, for the highest does group, serum levels of progesterone and testosterone decreased by 80.2% (P < 0.01) and 49.9% (P < 0.05) respectively, while estradiol level increased by 69.8% (P < 0.01). Western blot analyses indicated that lead exposures specifically down-regulated the expressions of steroidogenic protein STAR, CYP17A1, and HSD3B1, while up-regulated FSHR and CYP19A1. Also, the exposure stimulated the endoplasmic reticulum stress (ERS)-related IRE1α-JNK signaling pathway members. Such activation may also result in apoptosis since the death-signaling molecules CHOP and cleaved-CASP3 were up-regulated while BCL2 was down-regulated. In conclusion, lead exposure during juvenile and puberty significantly affected ovary development and functions. The effects may relate to ERS response since the 6 members related to the pathway were all consistently activated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dan Shan
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, the Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang 325027, China
| | - Xin Wen
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, the Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang 325027, China
| | - Xiaoju Guan
- Key Laboratory of Children Genitourinary Diseases of Wenzhou City, Department of Pediatric Urology, the Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang 325027, China
| | - Hangping Fang
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, the Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang 325027, China
| | - Yijia Liu
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Anesthesiology, Department of Anesthesiology, the Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang 325027, China
| | - Mengjie Qin
- Department of Pharmacology, the Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang 325027, China
| | - Hu Wang
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Anesthesiology, Department of Anesthesiology, the Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang 325027, China
| | - Jingfeng Xu
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Anesthesiology, Department of Anesthesiology, the Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang 325027, China
| | - Jieqiang Lv
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, the Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang 325027, China
| | - Junzhao Zhao
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, the Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang 325027, China.
| | - Haolin Chen
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, the Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang 325027, China; Key Laboratory of Children Genitourinary Diseases of Wenzhou City, Department of Pediatric Urology, the Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang 325027, China; Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Anesthesiology, Department of Anesthesiology, the Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang 325027, China; Department of Pharmacology, the Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang 325027, China.
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Haj Heidary R, Golzan SA, Mirza Alizadeh A, Hamedi H, Ataee M. Probabilistic health risk assessment of potentially toxic elements in the traditional and industrial olive products. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2023; 30:10213-10225. [PMID: 36068456 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-022-22864-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2022] [Accepted: 08/30/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Iran is recognized as one of the top olive producers globally, and it forms an integral part of the countries agriculture, particularly in Zanjan province. This study measured Hg, As, Pb, Cd, and Zn concentrations and evaluated probabilistic health risk in olive products. Results showed that Zn had the highest concentration (traditional and industrial table olive, Parvardeh, and olive oil: 4.912 ± 3.957 and 9.181 ± 6.385; 16.139 ± 6.986 and 18.330 ± 8.700; 41.385 ± 7.480 and 46.043 ± 15.773 μg g-1, respectively) compared to other potentially toxic elements (PTEs). Additionally, Cd in table olive (traditional: 0.137 ± 199 and industrial: 0.059 ± 0.041 μg g-1) and Parvardeh (traditional: 0.014 ± 0.009 and industrial: 0.019 ± 0.006 μg g-1), and As in olive oil (traditional: 0.025 ± 0.006 and industrial: 0.026 ± 0.009 μg g-1) had the lowest concentrations, respectively. As and Hg in table olive (0.224 ± 0.214 and 1.158 ± 0.974 μg g-1) and Hg in Parvardeh (0.210 ± 0.213 μg g-1) samples were significantly higher in traditional than industrial products (p < 0.05). Cd in Parvardeh (0.019 ± 0.006 μg g-1) and Zn in table olive (9.181 ± 6.385 μg g-1) samples were substantially more in industrial than traditional products (p < 0.05). Results suggest that industrially processed olive products are more likely to introduce higher levels of PTEs into the body. Nevertheless, based on the health risk assessment criteria, industrial products' hazard index (HI) values were lower than traditional types due to high Hg concentrations (HI = 0.01227 and 0.2708, respectively). Adults' total carcinogenic risk (TCR) in traditional olive products was higher than in industrial (sum TCR = 0.00016 and 0.00007, respectively). In conclusion, the results indicated that the consumption of olive products in the study area offered an increased non-carcinogenic and cancer risk to the population of this region owing to PTEs exposure, especially Hg.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rasool Haj Heidary
- Department of Food Safety and Hygiene, Faculty of Medical Sciences and Technologies, Science and Research Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
- Food and Drug Deputy, Zanjan University of Medical Sciences, Zanjan, Iran
| | - S Amirhossein Golzan
- Faculty of Applied Science, School of Engineering, University of British Columbia, Kelowna, Canada
| | - Adel Mirza Alizadeh
- Social Determinants of Health Research Center, Zanjan University of Medical Sciences, Zanjan, Iran.
- Department of Food Safety and Hygiene, School of Public Health, Zanjan University of Medical Sciences, Zanjan, Iran.
| | - Hassan Hamedi
- Department of Food Safety and Hygiene, Faculty of Medical Sciences and Technologies, Science and Research Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Maryam Ataee
- Department of Food Safety, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Science and Research Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
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Telayneh AT, Ketema DB, Mengist B, Yismaw L, Bazezew Y, Birhanu MY, Habtegiorgis SD. Pre-labor rupture of membranes and associated factors among pregnant women admitted to the maternity ward, Northwest Ethiopia. PLOS GLOBAL PUBLIC HEALTH 2023; 3:e0001702. [PMID: 36963103 PMCID: PMC10022274 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pgph.0001702] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/22/2022] [Accepted: 02/14/2023] [Indexed: 03/26/2023]
Abstract
Pre-labor rupture of membranes (PROM) is the rupture of fetal membranes before the onset of labor. PROM is found in 3-15% of all pregnancies and 30-40% of preterm labor worldwide. The most serious complications are neonatal and prenatal mortality, which is higher in Africa, including Ethiopia. Despite a paucity of evidence on the magnitude and factors affecting PROM after 28 weeks of gestation but before the onset of labor (including both term and preterm PROM). Hence, the purpose of this study was to determine the magnitude and identify associated factors of the pre-labor rupture of membranes. An institutional-based cross-sectional study was conducted among 315 pregnant women from April 10, 2019 to June 30, 2019 at Debre Markos Referral Hospital. The samples were chosen using a systematic random sampling method among admitted pregnant women. The data were entered using EpiData entry version 4.2 and cleaned and analyzed using Stata/SE version 14.0. In binary logistic regressions, variables with a p-value <0.20 are selected for multivariable analysis. A multivariable logistic regression model with a 95% confidence interval and a p-value <0.05 was used to identify associated factors. In this study, the magnitude of PROM was 19%. Maternal monthly income ≤1000 birr [AOR: 3.33 (95%CI: 1.33, 8.33)], gestational age <37weeks [AOR: 3. 28 (95%CI: 1.53, 7.02)], multiple pregnancy [AOR: 4.14 (95%CI: 1.78, 9.62)], polyhydramnios [AOR: 5.06 (95%CI: 2.28, 11.23)] and history of abnormal vaginal discharge [AOR: 6.65 (95%CI: 2.62, 16.72)] were found significant associated factors. In conclusion, the magnitude of the pre-labor rapture of the membranes was higher than in previous studies. Hence, health professionals should strengthen counseling, early diagnosis, and treatment of infections, as well as focus on women with pregnancy-related risks, to reduce pre-labor rupture of membranes and improve fetal and perinatal health.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Daniel Bekele Ketema
- Department of Public Health, Debre Markos University, Debre Markos, Ethiopia
- The George Institute for Global Health, University of New South Wales (UNSW), Sydney, Australia
| | - Belayneh Mengist
- Department of Public Health, Debre Markos University, Debre Markos, Ethiopia
| | - Lieltework Yismaw
- Department of Public Health, Debre Markos University, Debre Markos, Ethiopia
| | - Yibelu Bazezew
- Department of Midwifery, Debre Markos University, Debre Markos, Ethiopia
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Vigeh M, Yunesian M, Matsukawa T, Shamsipour M, Jeddi MZ, Rastkari N, Hassanvand MS, Shariat M, Kashani H, Pirjani R, Effatpanah M, Shirazi M, Shariatpanahi G, Ohtani K, Yokoyama K. Prenatal blood levels of some toxic metals and the risk of spontaneous abortion. JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH SCIENCE & ENGINEERING 2021; 19:357-363. [PMID: 34150240 PMCID: PMC8172701 DOI: 10.1007/s40201-020-00608-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2020] [Accepted: 12/29/2020] [Indexed: 05/19/2023]
Abstract
High-level toxic metal exposure has become rare in the recent years. Although, it has not known whether relatively lower exposure may adversely affect human reproductive system. Spontaneous abortion (SA) is a serious reproductive problem, which, in many cases, the cause(s) is not clearly understood. To assess the relationship between prenatal blood level of metals and SA risk, we compared blood concentration of some heavy metals in samples taken from mothers recruited in Tehran Environment and Neurodevelopmental Defects (TEND) study conducted on apparently healthy pregnant women in Tehran, Iran who subsequently experienced spontaneous abortion with mothers who their pregnancy ended to live births. During early gestation, 206 women were enrolled to the survey and followed up till fetal abortion or baby deliveries occur. Blood metal concentrations were measured using an inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometer. The mean blood levels of lead, antimony, and nickel were higher in SA than ongoing pregnancy; however, this difference was not statistically significant. When adjusted for covariates, the logistic regression analysis showed significant association between maternal age and the risk of SA in all models. Among toxic metals only antimony had a noticeable positive relation with the risk of SA (OR: 1.65, 95% CI:1.08-2.52, P value: 0.02). Pearson's correlation coefficient showed significant (P < 0.05) positive correlations among prenatal blood metals levels, except for nickel. Although the present study failed to provide strong evidence for the effects of toxic metals on the occurrence of SA at the relatively low-levels, these metals should be avoided in women who plan pregnancy and/or during the early stages of gestation to prevent the chance of adverse effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohsen Vigeh
- Maternal, Fetal and Neonatal Research Center, Family Health Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
- Department of Epidemiology and Environmental Health, Juntendo University Faculty of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
- Occupational Epidemiology, National Institute of Occupational Safety and Health, Kanagawa, Japan
| | - Masud Yunesian
- Department of Research Methodology and Data Analysis, Institute for Environmental Research, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Takehise Matsukawa
- Department of Epidemiology and Environmental Health, Juntendo University Faculty of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Mansour Shamsipour
- Department of Research Methodology and Data Analysis, Institute for Environmental Research, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Maryam Zare Jeddi
- Division of Toxicology, Wageningen University & Research, Stippeneng 4, 6708 E Wageningen, the Netherlands
| | - Noushin Rastkari
- Center for Air Pollution Research, Institute for Environmental Research, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mohammad Sadegh Hassanvand
- Center for Air Pollution Research, Institute for Environmental Research, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mamak Shariat
- Maternal, Fetal and Neonatal Research Center, Family Health Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Homa Kashani
- Department of Research Methodology and Data Analysis, Institute for Environmental Research, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Reihaneh Pirjani
- Obstetrics and Gynecology Department, Arash Women’s Hospital, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | | | - Mahboobeh Shirazi
- Maternal, Fetal and Neonatal Research Center, Family Health Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | | | - Katsumi Ohtani
- Occupational Epidemiology, National Institute of Occupational Safety and Health, Kanagawa, Japan
| | - Kazuhito Yokoyama
- Department of Epidemiology and Environmental Health, Juntendo University Faculty of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
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6
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Liu Y, Wu M, Song L, Bi J, Wang L, Chen K, Liu Q, Xiong C, Cao Z, Li Y, Xia W, Xu S, Wang Y. Association between prenatal rare earth elements exposure and premature rupture of membranes: Results from a birth cohort study. ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH 2021; 193:110534. [PMID: 33249034 DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2020.110534] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/02/2020] [Revised: 11/10/2020] [Accepted: 11/22/2020] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The widespread exploitation and application of rare earth elements (REE) have led to the risk of human exposure and might result in the adverse health effect on pregnant women. However, no epidemiological studies have explored the associations between prenatal REE exposure and premature rupture of membranes (PROM). OBJECTIVE We aimed to investigate the associations of maternal urinary REE levels with the risk of PROM. METHODS A total of 4897 mother-newborn pairs were recruited from a birth cohort study in Wuhan, China. Urinary concentrations of REE were measured by inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ICP-MS). The associations of prenatal REE exposure with PROM were evaluated using logistic regression models. False discovery rate (FDR) was applied to adjust for multiple testing. Weighted quantile sum (WQS) regression was used to estimate the association of urinary REE mixture with PROM. RESULTS With one unit increase (μg/g creatinine) in natural log-transformed urinary REE levels (Ce, Yb, La, Pr, Nd, Eu, Gd, Dy, Ho, Er, Tm), the adjusted ORs (95% CIs) for the PROM were from 1.143 (1.078, 1.211) to 1.317 (1.223, 1.419), and the associations were still observed after FDR adjustment (all PFDRs < 0.05). The associations were stronger among male infants than female infants. Furthermore, the urinary REE mixture was also associated with the risk of PROM, a quartile increase in the WQS index of REE resulted in ORs (95% CI) for the PROM of 1.494 (1.356, 1.645) in the adjusted model. CONCLUSIONS Our findings suggested that prenatal exposure to REE (Ce, Yb, La, Pr, Nd, Eu, Gd, Dy, Ho, Er, and Tm) and REE mixture were associated with the increased risk of PROM. Further studies from different populations are needed to confirm the associations and to explore the mechanisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yunyun Liu
- Department of Maternal and Child Health, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, China; Key Laboratory of Environment and Health, Ministry of Education & Ministry of Environmental Protection, State Key Laboratory of Environmental Health (Incubation), School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Mingyang Wu
- Department of Maternal and Child Health, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, China; Key Laboratory of Environment and Health, Ministry of Education & Ministry of Environmental Protection, State Key Laboratory of Environmental Health (Incubation), School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Lulu Song
- Department of Maternal and Child Health, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, China; Key Laboratory of Environment and Health, Ministry of Education & Ministry of Environmental Protection, State Key Laboratory of Environmental Health (Incubation), School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Jianing Bi
- Department of Maternal and Child Health, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, China; Key Laboratory of Environment and Health, Ministry of Education & Ministry of Environmental Protection, State Key Laboratory of Environmental Health (Incubation), School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Lulin Wang
- Department of Maternal and Child Health, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, China; Key Laboratory of Environment and Health, Ministry of Education & Ministry of Environmental Protection, State Key Laboratory of Environmental Health (Incubation), School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Kai Chen
- Department of Maternal and Child Health, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, China; Key Laboratory of Environment and Health, Ministry of Education & Ministry of Environmental Protection, State Key Laboratory of Environmental Health (Incubation), School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Qing Liu
- Department of Maternal and Child Health, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, China; Key Laboratory of Environment and Health, Ministry of Education & Ministry of Environmental Protection, State Key Laboratory of Environmental Health (Incubation), School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Chao Xiong
- Wuhan Children's Hospital (Wuhan Maternal and Child Healthcare Hospital), Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Zhongqiang Cao
- Wuhan Children's Hospital (Wuhan Maternal and Child Healthcare Hospital), Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Yuanyuan Li
- Key Laboratory of Environment and Health, Ministry of Education & Ministry of Environmental Protection, State Key Laboratory of Environmental Health (Incubation), School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Wei Xia
- Key Laboratory of Environment and Health, Ministry of Education & Ministry of Environmental Protection, State Key Laboratory of Environmental Health (Incubation), School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Shunqing Xu
- Key Laboratory of Environment and Health, Ministry of Education & Ministry of Environmental Protection, State Key Laboratory of Environmental Health (Incubation), School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, China.
| | - Youjie Wang
- Department of Maternal and Child Health, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, China; Key Laboratory of Environment and Health, Ministry of Education & Ministry of Environmental Protection, State Key Laboratory of Environmental Health (Incubation), School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, China.
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Vigeh M, Yokoyama K, Matsukawa T, Shinohara A, Ohtani K, Shariat M. Hair Metal Levels and Childhood Weight Gain. IRANIAN JOURNAL OF PUBLIC HEALTH 2020; 49:1510-1519. [PMID: 33083328 PMCID: PMC7554378 DOI: 10.18502/ijph.v49i8.3895] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
Background: Exposure to toxic metals remains a public health problem with lifelong impacts on childhood growth and development. We aimed to investigate metals effects on preschool children’s anthropometric variables. Methods: The study was conducted in Tehran, Iran, from Jul 2013 to Mar 2016. We measured scalp hair metal concentrations (lead, cadmium, arsenic, zinc, manganese, and cobalt), using inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry, in 207 preschool children’s (36 to 72 months old). Results: A significant negative correlation between children’s hair lead levels and children’s weight was found (r= −0.178, P<0.05). Linear regression analysis confirmed the relationship when adjusted for the confounders, including children’s age, sex, height, family income, and maternal education (β= −0.191; t= −3.426, P< 0.01). The ANOVA analysis showed a significant (P<0.01) difference between hair lead level and children’s weight-for-age percentiles. Totally and separately, in almost all weight percentiles, hair lead levels were higher in girls than boys. Conclusion: The present study on Iranian children showed the current levels of lead exposure might negatively influence on children growth, with higher risk for girls than boys.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohsen Vigeh
- Maternal, Fetal, and Neonatal Research Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.,Department of Epidemiology and Environmental Health, Faculty of Medicine, Juntendo University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Kazuhito Yokoyama
- Department of Epidemiology and Environmental Health, Faculty of Medicine, Juntendo University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Takehisa Matsukawa
- Department of Epidemiology and Environmental Health, Faculty of Medicine, Juntendo University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Atsuko Shinohara
- Department of Epidemiology and Environmental Health, Faculty of Medicine, Juntendo University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Katsumi Ohtani
- Occupational Epidemiology Research Group, National Institute of Occupational Safety and Health, Kawasaki, Japan
| | - Mamak Shariat
- Maternal, Fetal, and Neonatal Research Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
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Yadav G, Chambial S, Agrawal N, Gothwal M, Kathuria P, Singh P, Sharma P, Sharma PP. Blood lead levels in antenatal women and its association with iron deficiency anemia and adverse pregnancy outcomes. J Family Med Prim Care 2020; 9:3106-3111. [PMID: 32984181 PMCID: PMC7491757 DOI: 10.4103/jfmpc.jfmpc_78_20] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2020] [Revised: 03/12/2020] [Accepted: 04/08/2020] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Lead is one of the most toxic heavy metal prevalent in the environment, which affects almost all major organs including heart, brain, intestines, kidneys as well as reproductive organs. It has been known that serum iron deficiency is associated with increased serum lead levels as lead is a particularly pernicious element to iron metabolism. Lead is also known to freely cross the placenta too; hence, this study was planned to determine any association between antenatal iron deficiency anemia (IDA), raised blood lead levels (BPb), and adverse pregnancy outcomes. MATERIALS AND METHODS This was an observational study done on 99 antenatal women with IDA and 41 nonanemic antenatal women. Lead levels were assessed in these 140 antenatal women and they were followed for adverse pregnancy outcomes. Chi-square test was used to find a difference in quantitative variables and Pearson's correlation test was used to assess association between BPb and hemoglobin levels. RESULTS We found that in 11 out of 99 (11.11%) women with IDA, BPb levels were high as compared to high BPb levels in only 1 out of 41 (2.4%) women without IDA and the high BPb levels ranged from 4 μg/dl-16.9 μg/dl with a mean BPb of 8.1 μg/dl. The difference in BPb among anemic and nonanemic antenatal women was significant (P < 0.05) and there was a negative dose effect relationship between BPb levels and hemoglobin levels. This difference in antenatal outcomes among women with and without high BPb levels was also significant with increased incidence of pre-eclampsia, FGR, and preterm deliveries in women with raised BPb levels. The incidence of NICU admission was also higher in the neonates of mothers with high BPb levels. CONCLUSIONS We propose screening of high-risk women based on their social, occupational, environmental, and personal factors, with serum lead levels in the preconception period itself. All public and personal measures must be taken to reduce lead consumption and exposure in the preconception and antenatal period.
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Affiliation(s)
- Garima Yadav
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Jodhpur, Rajasthan, India
| | - Shailja Chambial
- Department of Biochemistry, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Jodhpur, Rajasthan, India
| | - Neha Agrawal
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Jodhpur, Rajasthan, India
| | - Meenakshi Gothwal
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Jodhpur, Rajasthan, India
| | - Priyanka Kathuria
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Jodhpur, Rajasthan, India
| | - Pratibha Singh
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Jodhpur, Rajasthan, India
| | - Praveen Sharma
- Department of Biochemistry, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Jodhpur, Rajasthan, India
| | - Prem Prakash Sharma
- Department of Biostatistics, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Jodhpur, Rajasthan, India
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9
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Flannery BM, Dolan LC, Hoffman-Pennesi D, Gavelek A, Jones OE, Kanwal R, Wolpert B, Gensheimer K, Dennis S, Fitzpatrick S. U.S. Food and Drug Administration's interim reference levels for dietary lead exposure in children and women of childbearing age. Regul Toxicol Pharmacol 2020; 110:104516. [DOI: 10.1016/j.yrtph.2019.104516] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/10/2019] [Revised: 10/31/2019] [Accepted: 11/03/2019] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
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10
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Sanchez-Guerra M, Peng C, Trevisi L, Cardenas A, Wilson A, Osorio-Yáñez C, Niedzwiecki MM, Zhong J, Svensson K, Acevedo MT, Solano-Gonzalez M, Amarasiriwardena CJ, Estrada-Gutierrez G, Brennan KJM, Schnaas L, Just AC, Laue HE, Wright RJ, Téllez-Rojo MM, Wright RO, Baccarelli AA. Altered cord blood mitochondrial DNA content and pregnancy lead exposure in the PROGRESS cohort. ENVIRONMENT INTERNATIONAL 2019; 125:437-444. [PMID: 30753999 PMCID: PMC6391888 DOI: 10.1016/j.envint.2019.01.077] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2018] [Revised: 01/28/2019] [Accepted: 01/29/2019] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Lead (Pb) crosses the placenta and can cause oxidative stress, reduced fetal growth and neurological problems. The principal source of oxidative stress in human cells is mitochondria. Therefore, disruption of normal mitochondrial function during pregnancy may represent a primary mechanism behind the adverse effects of lead. We sought to assess the association of Pb exposure during pregnancy with mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) content, a sensitive marker of mitochondrial function, in cord blood. MATERIALS AND METHODS This study comprised mother-infant pairs from the Programming Research in Obesity, Growth, Environment and Social Stressors (PROGRESS) study, a prospective birth-cohort that enrolled 1050 pregnant women from Mexico City who were receiving prenatal care between December 2007 and July 2011. Quantitative PCR was used to calculate relative MtDNA content (mitochondrial-to-nuclear DNA ratio (mtDNA/nDNA)) in cord blood. Lead concentrations in both maternal blood (2nd and 3rd trimester and at delivery day) and in cord blood were measured by ICP-MS. Multivariable regression models adjusting for multiple confounders were fitted with 410 mother-infant pairs for whom complete data for mtDNA content, lead levels, and covariates were available. RESULTS Maternal blood Pb measured in the second (mean 3.79 μg/dL, SD 2.63; β = 0.059, 95% CI 0.008, 0.111) and third trimester (mean 3.90 μg/dL; SD 2.84; β = 0.054, 95% CI 0.002, 0.107) during pregnancy and PB in cord blood (mean 3.50 μg/dL, SD 2.59; β = 0.050, 95% CI 0.004; 0.096) were associated with increased cord blood mtDNA content (mean 1.46, SD 0.44). In two-way interaction analyses, cord blood Pb marginally interacted with gestational age leading to an increase in mtDNA content for pre-term births (Benjamini-Hochberg False Discovery Rate correction; BH-FDR = 0.08). CONCLUSION This study shows that lead exposure in pregnancy alters mtDNA content in cord blood; therefore, alteration of mtDNA content might be a mechanism underlying the toxicity of lead.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marco Sanchez-Guerra
- Department of Developmental Neurobiology, National Institute of Perinatology, Montes Urales 800, Lomas Virreyes, Mexico City 11000, Mexico.
| | - Cheng Peng
- Channing Division of Network Medicine, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Letizia Trevisi
- Department of Global Health and Social Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Andres Cardenas
- Division of Chronic Disease Research Across the Lifecourse, Department of Population Medicine, Harvard Medical School and Harvard Pilgrim HealthCare Institute, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Ander Wilson
- Department of Statistics, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO 80523, USA
| | - Citlalli Osorio-Yáñez
- Department of Epidemiology, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA; Center for Nutrition and Health Research, National Institute of Public Health, Ministry of Health, Cuernavaca, Morelos, Mexico
| | - Megan M Niedzwiecki
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
| | - Jia Zhong
- Department of Environmental Health Sciences, Columbia University, Mailman School of Public Health, New York, NY, USA
| | - Katherine Svensson
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
| | - Maria Teresa Acevedo
- Department of Developmental Neurobiology, National Institute of Perinatology, Montes Urales 800, Lomas Virreyes, Mexico City 11000, Mexico
| | - Maritsa Solano-Gonzalez
- Center for Nutrition and Health Research, National Institute of Public Health, Ministry of Health, Cuernavaca, Morelos, Mexico
| | | | - Guadalupe Estrada-Gutierrez
- Department of Developmental Neurobiology, National Institute of Perinatology, Montes Urales 800, Lomas Virreyes, Mexico City 11000, Mexico
| | - Kasey J M Brennan
- Department of Environmental Health Sciences, Columbia University, Mailman School of Public Health, New York, NY, USA
| | - Lourdes Schnaas
- Department of Developmental Neurobiology, National Institute of Perinatology, Montes Urales 800, Lomas Virreyes, Mexico City 11000, Mexico
| | - Allan C Just
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
| | - Hannah E Laue
- Department of Environmental Health Sciences, Columbia University, Mailman School of Public Health, New York, NY, USA
| | - Rosalind J Wright
- Kravis Children's Hospital, Department of Pediatrics, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA; Mindich Child Health and Development Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
| | - Martha Maria Téllez-Rojo
- Center for Nutrition and Health Research, National Institute of Public Health, Ministry of Health, Cuernavaca, Morelos, Mexico
| | - Robert O Wright
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
| | - Andrea A Baccarelli
- Department of Environmental Health Sciences, Columbia University, Mailman School of Public Health, New York, NY, USA.
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11
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Mohammadyan M, Moosazadeh M, Borji A, Khanjani N, Rahimi Moghadam S. Investigation of occupational exposure to lead and its relation with blood lead levels in electrical solderers. ENVIRONMENTAL MONITORING AND ASSESSMENT 2019; 191:126. [PMID: 30715599 DOI: 10.1007/s10661-019-7258-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/16/2018] [Accepted: 01/22/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Occupational exposure to lead compounds can cause headache, nausea, encephalopathy, anemia, chronic muscle pain, and saturnism. Exposure to lead in women can affect fertility, and cause abortion or low IQ in the offspring. The aim of this study was to investigate occupational exposure to lead and its relation with blood lead levels in female electrical parts solderers. This cross-sectional (descriptive and analytical) study was carried out on 40 female solderers, working in two electrical parts manufacturing factories in Neyshabur city in 2017-2018. Occupational exposure to lead was determined by the OSHA 121 method, and the NIOSH 8003 method was used to determine the concentration of lead in blood. Lead in blood and air samples were determined by using a flame atomic absorption analyzer. Blood was measured using a Cell Dyn Hematology device. Data were analyzed using STATA 15. The mean age of the solderers was 35.42 ± 6.80 years, and their average work experience was 7.85 ± 5.60 years. Mean occupational exposure to lead was 0.09 ± 0.01 mg/m3, and the mean levels of lead in the blood of solderers were 10.59 ± 3.25 μg/dL. The mean of red blood cells (RBC) was 4.88 mil/uL, white blood cells (WBC) = 8.53 Tho/uL, hemoglobin = 14.02 g/dL, and hematocrit = 42.38%. There was a significant correlation between the concentrations of lead in air and the level of lead in workers' blood (p = 0.012, r = 0.31). The level of lead in the workers' respiratory region (β = 0.36, p = 0.033), body mass index (β = 0.25, p = 0.028), and the season of the year (β = 0.21, p = 0.019) were the strongest factors affecting blood lead levels. There was a significant relation between lead in workers' air and their blood, although all blood indices were in normal range. Using lead-free alloys and local ventilation systems, and reducing exposure times are recommended to decrease exposure to lead among solderers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mahmoud Mohammadyan
- Health Science Research Center, Addiction Institute, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Sari, Iran
| | - Mahmood Moosazadeh
- Health Science Research Center, Addiction Institute, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Sari, Iran
| | - Abasalt Borji
- Basic Science Department, Neyshabur University of Medical Sciences, Neyshabur, Iran
| | - Narges Khanjani
- Environmental Health Engineering Research Center, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran
| | - Somayeh Rahimi Moghadam
- Health Sciences Research Center, Addiction Institute, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Sari, Mazandaran, Iran.
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12
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Bede-Ojimadu O, Amadi CN, Orisakwe OE. Blood Lead Levels in Women of Child-Bearing Age in Sub-Saharan Africa: A Systematic Review. Front Public Health 2018; 6:367. [PMID: 30619808 PMCID: PMC6305709 DOI: 10.3389/fpubh.2018.00367] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2018] [Accepted: 11/30/2018] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
This paper reported available studies on blood lead level of childbearing age in Sub-Saharan African women. PubMed and Google scholar databases were searched for original articles reporting blood lead levels of women of childbearing age in Sub-Saharan Africa. Searches were not limited to year of study but limited to studies published in English Language. Data were extracted and synthesized by estimating the weighted mean of the reported blood lead levels. Fifteen papers fulfilled the inclusion criteria. Mean blood lead levels of women in the studies ranged from 0.83 to 99 μg/dl. The overall weighted mean of blood lead levels was 24.73 μg/dl. The weighted mean from analyses of data on blood lead levels of pregnant women alone was 26.24 μg/dl. Identified sources of lead exposure included lead mine, informal lead-acid battery recycling, leaded gasoline and piped water. Elevated BLLs were associated with incidence of preeclampsia, hypertension, and malaria. Important contributing factors for elevated blood lead levels (BLL) in these women include poverty, high environmental lead burden, low awareness on lead exposure hazards and lack of regulation for lead in consumer products. BLLs of women of childbearing age in SSA are unacceptably high. There is need therefore, for aggressive programs to address lead exposure in this population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Onyinyechi Bede-Ojimadu
- Department of Chemical pathology, Faculty of Medicine, Nnamdi Azikiwe University, Awka, Nigeria
| | - Cecilia Nwadiuto Amadi
- Department of Experimental Pharmacology & Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Port-Harcourt, Port-Harcourt, Nigeria
| | - Orish Ebere Orisakwe
- Department of Experimental Pharmacology & Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Port-Harcourt, Port-Harcourt, Nigeria
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13
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Mahmoudi N, Latifi AM, Amani MA, Masoumbeigi H, Ghanizadeh G. Data on the environmental exposure to lead in Iran. Data Brief 2018; 20:1133-1141. [PMID: 30225326 PMCID: PMC6139886 DOI: 10.1016/j.dib.2018.08.052] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2018] [Revised: 08/14/2018] [Accepted: 08/22/2018] [Indexed: 10/28/2022] Open
Abstract
The data was obtained to present the environmental and occupational exposure to lead in Iranian populations based on the published articles. To acquire the data, online resources including Google Scholar, Magiran, SID, Iranmedex, PubMed, and Science Direct were searched and 104 articles were found out of which 70 that focused on the level of lead in blood, urine, milk, and hair of different Iranian populations were selected. Since the results of the studies were not homogenous, it was not possible to carry out a meta-analysis. The average blood lead level (BLL) among workers, ordinary people, patients with specific diseases, addicts, and pregnant women, women in labor, infants, and children are presented in this article. The average BLL was compared to the standards.
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Affiliation(s)
- Norouz Mahmoudi
- Department of Environmental Health Engineering, School of Public Health, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.,Health Research Center, Life style Institute, Baqiyatallah University of Medical Sciences, Tehran
| | - Ali Mohammad Latifi
- Applied Biotechnology Research Center, Baqiyatallah University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mohammad Ali Amani
- Applied Biotechnology Research Center, Baqiyatallah University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Hossein Masoumbeigi
- Health Research Center, Life style Institute, Baqiyatallah University of Medical Sciences, Tehran
| | - Ghader Ghanizadeh
- Health Research Center, Life style Institute, Baqiyatallah University of Medical Sciences, Tehran
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14
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Matsukawa T, Yokoyama K, Vigeh M, Nishioka E. [Effects of Trace Environmental Chemicals on Child Health-Lead as an Example]. Nihon Eiseigaku Zasshi 2018; 73:210-214. [PMID: 29848873 DOI: 10.1265/jjh.73.210] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
The low birthrate and aging population of Japan are entering a serious phase. As measures against the declining birthrate, improvement of the environment is promoted to support childbirth and child-rearing, but even if the birthrate increases in the future, it will take time before the effect is observed as an increase in the population. As the number of children and young people is decreasing, in order to maintain a wealthy and sustainable society, we should create an environment wherein each child can grow healthily and demonstrate sufficient abilities in participating in society. The authors have been studying the influence of exposure to environmental chemical substances on the development of children. Lead is especially considered to impair neurological development even at low concentrations of exposure. In this paper, using lead as an example, we discuss risk assessment and countermeasures for the health effects of trace chemical substances on a society with a declining birthrate. Substances that show neurotoxicity increase social costs even at low concentrations of exposure. To preserve and promote social vitality in Japan despite the declining birthrate and aging population, it is essential that measures are taken on the basis of scientifically reasonable cost/benefit assessment. For this purpose, we think that it is necessary to analyze costs and benefits in addition to the risk assessment of low concentrations of chemical substances.
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Affiliation(s)
- Takehisa Matsukawa
- Department of Epidemiology and Environmental Health, Juntendo University Graduate School of Medicine
| | - Kazuhito Yokoyama
- Department of Epidemiology and Environmental Health, Juntendo University Graduate School of Medicine
| | - Mohsen Vigeh
- Department of Epidemiology and Environmental Health, Juntendo University Graduate School of Medicine.,Maternal, Fetal and Neonatal Research Center, Imam Khomeini Hospital, Tehran University of Medical Sciences
| | - Emiko Nishioka
- Department of Epidemiology and Environmental Health, Juntendo University Graduate School of Medicine.,Department of Maternal Nursing, Division of Nursing, National Defense Medical College
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15
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Huang S, Xia W, Sheng X, Qiu L, Zhang B, Chen T, Xu S, Li Y. Maternal lead exposure and premature rupture of membranes: a birth cohort study in China. BMJ Open 2018; 8:e021565. [PMID: 30037873 PMCID: PMC6059302 DOI: 10.1136/bmjopen-2018-021565] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Maternal exposure to lead (Pb) has been suggested to correlate with adverse birth outcomes, but evidence supporting an association between Pb exposure and premature rupture of membranes (PROM) is limited. The aim of our study was to investigate whether maternal Pb exposure was associated with PROM and preterm PROM. DESIGN Cross-sectional cohort study. STUDY POPULATION The present study involved 7290 pregnant women from the Healthy Baby Cohort in Wuhan, China, during 2012-2014. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES PROM was defined as spontaneous rupture of amniotic membranes before the onset of labour and was determined with a pH ≥6.5 for vaginal fluid. Maternal urinary Pb level was adjusted by creatinine concentration, and its relationship with PROM was analysed by logistic regression. RESULTS The IQR of maternal urinary Pb concentrations of the study population was 2.30-5.64 µg/g creatinine with a median of 3.44 µg/g creatinine. Increased risk of PROM was significantly associated with elevated levels of Pb in maternal urine (adjusted OR 1.23, 95% CI 1.0 to 1.47 for the medium tertile; adjusted OR 1.51, 95% CI 1.27 to 1.80 for the highest tertile). The risk of preterm PROM associated with Pb levels was significantly higher when compared with the lowest tertile (adjusted OR 1.24, 95% CI 0.80 to 1.92 for the medium tertile; adjusted OR 1.73, 95% CI 1.15 to 2.60 for the highest tertile). In addition, the relationship between Pb and PROM was more pronounced among primiparous women than multiparous women (p for interaction <0.01). CONCLUSIONS Our study found that higher levels of maternal Pb exposure was associated with increased risk of PROM, indicating that exposure to Pb during pregnancy may be an important risk factor for PROM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sha Huang
- Key Laboratory of Environment and Health (HUST), Ministry of Education & Ministry of Environmental Protection, and State Key Laboratory of Environmental Health (Incubation), School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Wei Xia
- Key Laboratory of Environment and Health (HUST), Ministry of Education & Ministry of Environmental Protection, and State Key Laboratory of Environmental Health (Incubation), School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Xia Sheng
- Key Laboratory of Environment and Health (HUST), Ministry of Education & Ministry of Environmental Protection, and State Key Laboratory of Environmental Health (Incubation), School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Lin Qiu
- Key Laboratory of Environment and Health (HUST), Ministry of Education & Ministry of Environmental Protection, and State Key Laboratory of Environmental Health (Incubation), School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Bin Zhang
- Healthcare Department, Wuhan Medical and Health Center for Women and Children, Wuhan, China
| | - Tian Chen
- Key Laboratory of Environment and Health (HUST), Ministry of Education & Ministry of Environmental Protection, and State Key Laboratory of Environmental Health (Incubation), School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Shunqing Xu
- Key Laboratory of Environment and Health (HUST), Ministry of Education & Ministry of Environmental Protection, and State Key Laboratory of Environmental Health (Incubation), School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Yuanyuan Li
- Key Laboratory of Environment and Health (HUST), Ministry of Education & Ministry of Environmental Protection, and State Key Laboratory of Environmental Health (Incubation), School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
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16
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Nam SM, Ahn SC, Go TH, Seo JS, Nahm SS, Chang BJ, Lee JH. Ascorbic Acid Ameliorates Gestational Lead Exposure-Induced Developmental Alteration in GAD67 and c-Kit Expression in the Rat Cerebellar Cortex. Biol Trace Elem Res 2018; 182:278-286. [PMID: 28685241 DOI: 10.1007/s12011-017-1086-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/14/2017] [Accepted: 06/22/2017] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
Abstract
In the present study, we investigated the effects of ascorbic acid on lead-exposed developing cerebellum. Female rats were divided into the following three groups: control (distilled water), lead (0.2% lead acetate), and lead plus ascorbic acid (100 mg/kg/day, 10% solution). To evaluate the effect of lead exposure and ascorbic acid treatment accurately on the cerebellar development for the gestational period, we halted further treatment with lead and ascorbic acid in the dams after delivery of the pups. Although the ascorbic acid slightly decreased the lead level in pups, lead level was still high in the group treated with lead plus ascorbic acid group compared with the control group. The blood lead levels indicated that the ascorbic acid could facilitate both the excretion and transfer of lead from a dam to its pups via milk. At postnatal day 21, lead exposure significantly reduced the number of Purkinje cells in the cerebellar cortex of pups. Additionally, lead treatment induced degenerative changes such as reduction of glutamic acid decarboxylase (GAD67) and c-kit expressions are observed in the developing cerebellar cortex. In the cerebellum of the pups from the lead plus ascorbic acid group, reduction of the number of Purkinje cells, GAD67 expression, and c-kit immunopositivity were remarkably restored compared with the lead group. Our present results suggested that ascorbic acid treatment to lead-exposed dam exerted protective effects on the developing cerebellum against lead-induced neurotoxicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sung Min Nam
- Department of Anatomy, College of Veterinary Medicine, Konkuk University, 120 Neungdong-ro, Gwangjin-gu, Seoul, 05029, Republic of Korea
| | - Sung Chuel Ahn
- Department of Anatomy, College of Veterinary Medicine, Konkuk University, 120 Neungdong-ro, Gwangjin-gu, Seoul, 05029, Republic of Korea
| | - Tae-Hun Go
- Department of Anatomy, College of Veterinary Medicine, Konkuk University, 120 Neungdong-ro, Gwangjin-gu, Seoul, 05029, Republic of Korea
| | - Jin Seok Seo
- Department of Anatomy, College of Veterinary Medicine, Konkuk University, 120 Neungdong-ro, Gwangjin-gu, Seoul, 05029, Republic of Korea
| | - Sang-Soep Nahm
- Department of Anatomy, College of Veterinary Medicine, Konkuk University, 120 Neungdong-ro, Gwangjin-gu, Seoul, 05029, Republic of Korea
| | - Byung-Joon Chang
- Department of Anatomy, College of Veterinary Medicine, Konkuk University, 120 Neungdong-ro, Gwangjin-gu, Seoul, 05029, Republic of Korea
| | - Jong-Hwan Lee
- Department of Anatomy, College of Veterinary Medicine, Konkuk University, 120 Neungdong-ro, Gwangjin-gu, Seoul, 05029, Republic of Korea.
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17
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Jiang Y, Xia W, Zhang B, Pan X, Liu W, Jin S, Huo W, Liu H, Peng Y, Sun X, Zhang H, Zhou A, Xu S, Li Y. Predictors of thallium exposure and its relation with preterm birth. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2018; 233:971-976. [PMID: 29033178 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2017.09.080] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2017] [Revised: 09/21/2017] [Accepted: 09/25/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Thallium (Tl) is a well-recognized hazardous toxic heavy metal that has been reported to have embryotoxicity and fetotoxicity. However, little is known about its association with preterm birth (PTB) in humans. We aimed to evaluate the predictors of Tl exposure and assessed its relation with PTB. The study population included 7173 mother-infant pairs from a birth cohort in Wuhan, China. Predictors of Tl concentrations were explored using linear regression analyses, and associations of Tl exposure with risk of PTB or gestational age at birth were estimated using logistic regression or generalized linear models. The geometric mean and median values of urinary Tl concentrations were 0.28 μg/L (0.55 μg/g creatinine) and 0.29 μg/L (0.53 μg/g creatinine). We found that maternal urinary Tl concentrations varied by gestational weight gain, educational attainment, multivitamin and iron supplementations. Women with Tl concentrations higher than 0.80 μg/g creatinine were at higher risk of giving birth prematurely versus those with Tl concentrations lower than 0.36 μg/g creatinine [adjusted odds ratio (95% confidence interval (CI)): 1.55 (1.05, 2.27)], and the association was more pronounced in PTB with premature rupture of membranes (PROM) rather than in PTB without PROM. About 3-fold increase in creatinine-corrected Tl concentrations were associated with 0.99-day decrease in gestational length (95% CI: -1.36, -0.63). This is the first report on the associations between maternal Tl exposure and the risk of PTB.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yangqian Jiang
- Key Laboratory of Environment and Health (Huazhong University of Science and Technology), Ministry of Education & Ministry of Environmental Protection, State Key Laboratory of Environmental Health (Incubation), School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, Hubei, China
| | - Wei Xia
- Key Laboratory of Environment and Health (Huazhong University of Science and Technology), Ministry of Education & Ministry of Environmental Protection, State Key Laboratory of Environmental Health (Incubation), School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, Hubei, China
| | - Bin Zhang
- Women and Children Medical and Healthcare Center of Wuhan, Wuhan 430015, Hubei, China
| | - Xinyun Pan
- Key Laboratory of Environment and Health (Huazhong University of Science and Technology), Ministry of Education & Ministry of Environmental Protection, State Key Laboratory of Environmental Health (Incubation), School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, Hubei, China
| | - Wenyu Liu
- Key Laboratory of Environment and Health (Huazhong University of Science and Technology), Ministry of Education & Ministry of Environmental Protection, State Key Laboratory of Environmental Health (Incubation), School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, Hubei, China
| | - Shuna Jin
- Key Laboratory of Environment and Health (Huazhong University of Science and Technology), Ministry of Education & Ministry of Environmental Protection, State Key Laboratory of Environmental Health (Incubation), School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, Hubei, China
| | - Wenqian Huo
- Key Laboratory of Environment and Health (Huazhong University of Science and Technology), Ministry of Education & Ministry of Environmental Protection, State Key Laboratory of Environmental Health (Incubation), School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, Hubei, China
| | - Hongxiu Liu
- Key Laboratory of Environment and Health (Huazhong University of Science and Technology), Ministry of Education & Ministry of Environmental Protection, State Key Laboratory of Environmental Health (Incubation), School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, Hubei, China
| | - Yang Peng
- Key Laboratory of Environment and Health (Huazhong University of Science and Technology), Ministry of Education & Ministry of Environmental Protection, State Key Laboratory of Environmental Health (Incubation), School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, Hubei, China
| | - Xiaojie Sun
- Key Laboratory of Environment and Health (Huazhong University of Science and Technology), Ministry of Education & Ministry of Environmental Protection, State Key Laboratory of Environmental Health (Incubation), School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, Hubei, China
| | - Hongling Zhang
- College of Health Science and Nursing, Wuhan Polytechnic University, Wuhan 430023, Hubei, China
| | - Aifen Zhou
- Women and Children Medical and Healthcare Center of Wuhan, Wuhan 430015, Hubei, China
| | - Shunqing Xu
- Key Laboratory of Environment and Health (Huazhong University of Science and Technology), Ministry of Education & Ministry of Environmental Protection, State Key Laboratory of Environmental Health (Incubation), School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, Hubei, China
| | - Yuanyuan Li
- Key Laboratory of Environment and Health (Huazhong University of Science and Technology), Ministry of Education & Ministry of Environmental Protection, State Key Laboratory of Environmental Health (Incubation), School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, Hubei, China.
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Mitra P, Sharma S, Purohit P, Sharma P. Clinical and molecular aspects of lead toxicity: An update. Crit Rev Clin Lab Sci 2017; 54:506-528. [DOI: 10.1080/10408363.2017.1408562] [Citation(s) in RCA: 139] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Prasenjit Mitra
- Department of Biochemistry, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Jodhpur, India
| | - Shailja Sharma
- Department of Biochemistry, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Jodhpur, India
| | - Purvi Purohit
- Department of Biochemistry, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Jodhpur, India
| | - Praveen Sharma
- Department of Biochemistry, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Jodhpur, India
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Hromadnikova I, Kotlabova K, Ivankova K, Krofta L. Expression profile of C19MC microRNAs in placental tissue of patients with preterm prelabor rupture of membranes and spontaneous preterm birth. Mol Med Rep 2017; 16:3849-3862. [PMID: 28731129 PMCID: PMC5646962 DOI: 10.3892/mmr.2017.7067] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2016] [Accepted: 07/03/2017] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
The aim of the study was to demonstrate that preterm birth (PTB) is associated with altered C19MC microRNA expression profile in placental tissues. Gene expression of 15 placental specific microRNAs (miR-512-5p, miR-515-5p, miR-516-5p, miR-517-5p, miR-518b, miR-518f-5p, miR-519a, miR-519d, miR-519e-5p, miR-520a-5p, miR-520h, miR-524-5p, miR-525-5p, miR-526a and miR-526b-5p) was compared between groups: 34 spontaneous PTB, 108 preterm prelabor rupture of membranes (PPROM) and 20 term in labor pregnancies. Correlation between variables including relative microRNA quantification in placental tissues and the gestational age at delivery, white blood cell (WBC) count at admission and serum levels of C-reactive protein at admission in patients with PPROM and PTB was determined. Expression profile of microRNAs was different between PPROM and term in labor pregnancies, PTB and term in labor pregnancies, and between gestational age-matched PPROM and PTB groups. When compared with term in labor pregnancies, while C19MC microRNAs showed a downregulation in PPROM pregnancies (miR-525-5p), in PTB pregnancies C19MC microRNAs were upregulated (miR-515-5p, miR-516-5p, miR-518b, miR-518f-5p, miR-519a, miR-519e-5p, miR-520a-5p, miR-520h, and miR-526b-5p) or showed a trend to upregulation (miR-519d and miR-526a). In comparison to PTB pregnancies, the PPROM group demonstrated a significant portion of downregulated C19MC microRNAs (miR-516-5p, miR-517-5p, miR-518b, miR-518f-5p, miR-519a, miR-519d, miR-519e-5p, miR-520a-5p, miR-520h, miR-525-5p, miR-526a and miR-526b-5p). In the group of PPROM pregnancies, a weak negative correlation between the gestational age at delivery and microRNA gene expression in placental tissue for all examined C19MC microRNAs was observed. PTB pregnancies showed a positive correlation (miR-512-5p, miR-515-5p, miR-519e-5p) or a trend to positive correlation (miR-516-5p, miR-518b, miR-520h) between particular C19MC microRNAs and maternal WBC count at admission. Our study demonstrates that upregulation of C19MC microRNAs is a characteristic phenomenon of PTB. PPROM pregnancies have a tendency to produce lower levels of miR-525-5p. All examined C19MC microRNAs displayed decreased expression with advancing gestational age in PPROM group.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ilona Hromadnikova
- Department of Molecular Biology and Cell Pathology, Third Faculty of Medicine, Charles University, 100 00 Prague 10, Czech Republic
| | - Katerina Kotlabova
- Department of Molecular Biology and Cell Pathology, Third Faculty of Medicine, Charles University, 100 00 Prague 10, Czech Republic
| | - Katarina Ivankova
- Institute for The Care of Mother and Child, Third Faculty of Medicine, Charles University, 100 00 Prague 10, Czech Republic
| | - Ladislav Krofta
- Institute for The Care of Mother and Child, Third Faculty of Medicine, Charles University, 100 00 Prague 10, Czech Republic
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La-Llave-León O, Salas Pacheco JM, Estrada Martínez S, Esquivel Rodríguez E, Castellanos Juárez FX, Sandoval Carrillo A, Lechuga Quiñones AM, Vázquez Alanís F, García Vargas G, Méndez Hernández EM, Duarte Sustaita J. The relationship between blood lead levels and occupational exposure in a pregnant population. BMC Public Health 2016; 16:1231. [PMID: 27927239 PMCID: PMC5142354 DOI: 10.1186/s12889-016-3902-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2016] [Accepted: 12/02/2016] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Pregnant women exposed to lead are at risk of suffering reproductive damages, such as miscarriage, preeclampsia, premature delivery and low birth weight. Despite that the workplace offers the greatest potential for lead exposure, there is relatively little information about occupational exposure to lead during pregnancy. This study aims to assess the association between blood lead levels and occupational exposure in pregnant women from Durango, Mexico. Methods A cross-sectional study was carried out in a population of 299 pregnant women. Blood lead was measured in 31 women who worked in jobs where lead is used (exposed group) and 268 who did not work in those places (control group). Chi-square test was applied to compare exposed and control groups with regard to blood lead levels. Odds ratio (OR) and 95% confidence intervals (CI) were calculated. Multivariable regression analysis was applied to determine significant predictors of blood lead concentrations in the exposed group. Results Exposed women had higher blood lead levels than those in the control group (4.00 ± 4.08 μg/dL vs 2.65 ± 1.75 μg/dL, p = 0.002). Furthermore, women in the exposed group had 3.82 times higher probability of having blood lead levels ≥ 5 μg/dL than those in the control group. Wearing of special workwear, changing clothes after work, living near a painting store, printing office, junkyard or rubbish dump, and washing the workwear together with other clothes resulted as significant predictors of elevated blood lead levels in the exposed group. Conclusions Pregnant working women may be at risk of lead poisoning because of occupational and environmental exposure. The risk increases if they do not improve the use of protective equipment and their personal hygiene. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (doi:10.1186/s12889-016-3902-3) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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Affiliation(s)
- Osmel La-Llave-León
- Instituto de Investigación Científica, Universidad Juárez del Estado de Durango, Avenida Universidad esq. con Volantín, Zona Centro, C.P. 34000, Durango, DGO, Mexico.
| | - José Manuel Salas Pacheco
- Instituto de Investigación Científica, Universidad Juárez del Estado de Durango, Avenida Universidad esq. con Volantín, Zona Centro, C.P. 34000, Durango, DGO, Mexico
| | - Sergio Estrada Martínez
- Instituto de Investigación Científica, Universidad Juárez del Estado de Durango, Avenida Universidad esq. con Volantín, Zona Centro, C.P. 34000, Durango, DGO, Mexico
| | - Eloísa Esquivel Rodríguez
- Facultad de Enfermería y Obstetricia, Universidad Juárez del Estado de Durango, Ave. Cuauhtémoc, 223 norte, CP 34 000, Durango, Mexico
| | - Francisco X Castellanos Juárez
- Instituto de Investigación Científica, Universidad Juárez del Estado de Durango, Avenida Universidad esq. con Volantín, Zona Centro, C.P. 34000, Durango, DGO, Mexico
| | - Ada Sandoval Carrillo
- Instituto de Investigación Científica, Universidad Juárez del Estado de Durango, Avenida Universidad esq. con Volantín, Zona Centro, C.P. 34000, Durango, DGO, Mexico
| | - Angélica María Lechuga Quiñones
- Instituto de Investigación Científica, Universidad Juárez del Estado de Durango, Avenida Universidad esq. con Volantín, Zona Centro, C.P. 34000, Durango, DGO, Mexico
| | | | - Gonzalo García Vargas
- Facultad de Medicina de Gómez Palacio, Universidad Juárez del Estado de Durango, La Salle 1 y Sixto Ugalde, S/N. Col. Revolución, CP. 35050, Gómez Palacio, Durango, Mexico
| | - Edna Madai Méndez Hernández
- Instituto de Investigación Científica, Universidad Juárez del Estado de Durango, Avenida Universidad esq. con Volantín, Zona Centro, C.P. 34000, Durango, DGO, Mexico
| | - Jaime Duarte Sustaita
- Facultad de Medicina de Gómez Palacio, Universidad Juárez del Estado de Durango, La Salle 1 y Sixto Ugalde, S/N. Col. Revolución, CP. 35050, Gómez Palacio, Durango, Mexico
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Abstract
BACKGROUND Exposure to unhealthy and unsafe environments cause 1 in 4 deaths in childhood each year. Early exposure to lead beginning prenatally and continuing throughout childhood is one of the mechanisms associated with unhealthy and unsafe environments, particularly in industrial countries and urban communities. Lead is a known heavy metal that crosses the placenta and blood-brain barrier depositing in fetal tissues. PURPOSE The purpose of this integrative review was to determine which maternal-fetal dyads were at high risk for elevated umbilical cord lead (Pb) levels and to examine the consequences associated with elevated umbilical cord Pb levels. SEARCH STRATEGY PubMed was searched to obtain English language publications from 2005 to March 2015 for studies examining the effects of prenatal lead exposure on infant outcomes using key terms "lead" combined with "infant." A total of 17 articles were retained for analysis. FINDINGS Infants with elevated umbilical cord blood lead levels were associated with maternal demographic factors and country of origin. Maternal-specific exposure to lead products prior to or during pregnancy was associated with elevated umbilical cord blood lead levels. The consequences of prenatal lead exposure to the infant at birth anthropometrically were mixed. The evidence on neurological consequences of prenatal exposure to lead appears to reflect changes in cognitive impairment; however, it needs further study. IMPLICATIONS FOR PRACTICE The major recommendation is primary prevention of lead exposure across the life span. Implementation of policies that reduce the availability of leaded products to reduce leaded products, especially ones aimed at children and women of childbearing age. IMPLICATIONS FOR RESEARCH Research needs to be focused in 2 directions: (1) prevention of lead exposure during pregnancy and (2) prevention of lead leaching from bones for all women of childbearing age.
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Piezoelectric materials for tissue regeneration: A review. Acta Biomater 2015; 24:12-23. [PMID: 26162587 DOI: 10.1016/j.actbio.2015.07.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 239] [Impact Index Per Article: 26.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2015] [Revised: 06/11/2015] [Accepted: 07/06/2015] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
The discovery of piezoelectricity, endogenous electric fields and transmembrane potentials in biological tissues raised the question whether or not electric fields play an important role in cell function. It has kindled research and the development of technologies in emulating biological electricity for tissue regeneration. Promising effects of electrical stimulation on cell growth and differentiation and tissue growth has led to interest in using piezoelectric scaffolds for tissue repair. Piezoelectric materials can generate electrical activity when deformed. Hence, an external source to apply electrical stimulation or implantation of electrodes is not needed. Various piezoelectric materials have been employed for different tissue repair applications, particularly in bone repair, where charges induced by mechanical stress can enhance bone formation; and in neural tissue engineering, in which electric pulses can stimulate neurite directional outgrowth to fill gaps in nervous tissue injuries. In this review, a summary of piezoelectricity in different biological tissues, mechanisms through which electrical stimulation may affect cellular response, and recent advances in the fabrication and application of piezoelectric scaffolds will be discussed. STATEMENT OF SIGNIFICANCE The discovery of piezoelectricity, endogenous electric fields and transmembrane potentials in biological tissues has kindled research and the development of technologies using electrical stimulation for tissue regeneration. Piezoelectric materials generate electrical activity in response to deformations and allow for the delivery of an electrical stimulus without the need for an external power source. As a scaffold for tissue engineering, growing interest exists due to its potential of providing electrical stimulation to cells to promote tissue formation. In this review, we cover the discovery of piezoelectricity in biological tissues, its connection to streaming potentials, biological response to electrical stimulation and commonly used piezoelectric materials for tissue regeneration. This review summarizes their potential as a promising scaffold in the tissue engineering field.
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Taylor CM, Golding J, Emond AM. Adverse effects of maternal lead levels on birth outcomes in the ALSPAC study: a prospective birth cohort study. BJOG 2015; 122:322-8. [PMID: 24824048 PMCID: PMC4322474 DOI: 10.1111/1471-0528.12756] [Citation(s) in RCA: 85] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 02/12/2014] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To study the associations of prenatal blood lead levels (B-Pb) with pregnancy outcomes in a large cohort of mother-child pairs in the UK. DESIGN Prospective birth cohort study. SETTING Avon area of Bristol, UK. POPULATION Pregnant women enrolled in the Avon Longitudinal Study of Parents and Children (ALSPAC). METHODS Whole blood samples were collected and analysed by inductively coupled plasma dynamic reaction cell mass spectrometry (n = 4285). Data collected on the infants included anthropometric variables and gestational age at delivery. Linear regression models for continuous outcomes and logistic regression models for categorical outcomes were adjusted for covariates including maternal height, smoking, parity, sex of the baby and gestational age. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES Birthweight, head circumference and crown-heel length, preterm delivery and low birthweight. RESULTS The mean blood lead level (B-Pb) was 3.67 ± 1.47 μg/dl. B-Pb ≥ 5 μg/dl significantly increased the risk of preterm delivery (adjusted odds ratio [OR] 2.00 95% confidence interval [95% CI] 1.35-3.00) but not of having a low birthweight baby (adjusted OR 1.37, 95% CI 0.86-2.18) in multivariable binary logistic models. Increasing B-Pb was significantly associated with reductions in birth weight (β -13.23, 95% CI -23.75 to -2.70), head circumference (β -0.04, 95% CI -0.07 to -0.06) and crown-heel length (β -0.05, 95% CI -0.10 to -0.00) in multivariable linear regression models. CONCLUSIONS There was evidence for adverse effects of maternal B-Pb on the incidence of preterm delivery, birthweight, head circumference and crown-heel length, but not on the incidence of low birthweight, in this group of women.
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Affiliation(s)
- CM Taylor
- Centre for Child and Adolescent Health, School of Social and Community Medicine, University of BristolBristol, UK
| | - J Golding
- Centre for Child and Adolescent Health, School of Social and Community Medicine, University of BristolBristol, UK
| | - AM Emond
- Centre for Child and Adolescent Health, School of Social and Community Medicine, University of BristolBristol, UK
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Vigeh M, Yokoyama K, Matsukawa T, Shinohara A, Ohtani K. Low level prenatal blood lead adversely affects early childhood mental development. J Child Neurol 2014; 29:1305-11. [PMID: 24532811 DOI: 10.1177/0883073813516999] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
The effect of prenatal lead exposure on child development has been a topic of public health concern for decades. To estimate prenatal lead exposure effects on early childhood development, maternal blood (n = 364) and umbilical cord blood (n = 224) samples were collected during pregnancy and at delivery. Mental development was assessed using the Harold Ireton Early Child Development Inventory from 174 children. Maternal whole blood lead levels in the first trimester were significantly higher in children with developmental scores <20% than in those with normal scores (mean ± standard deviation: 6.3 ± 1.9 vs 4.0 ± 2.4 µg/dL, respectively, P = .01). Maternal blood lead levels in the first trimester were also inversely associated with the development scores (r = -0.155, P = .041). Logistic regression analysis showed a significant relationship between increasing maternal blood lead levels in the first trimester with low development scores (odds ratio = 1.74, 95% confidence interval = 1.18-2.57, P = .005). The findings of the present study showed a relatively low level of prenatal lead exposure (mean < 6.5 µg/dL) associated with lower developmental scores in early childhood.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohsen Vigeh
- Department of Hazard Assessment, National Institute of Occupational Safety and Health, Kanagawa, Japan Department of Epidemiology and Environmental Health, Juntendo University Faculty of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Kazuhito Yokoyama
- Department of Epidemiology and Environmental Health, Juntendo University Faculty of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Takehisa Matsukawa
- Department of Epidemiology and Environmental Health, Juntendo University Faculty of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Atsuko Shinohara
- Research Institute for Cultural Studies, Seisen University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Katsumi Ohtani
- Department of Hazard Assessment, National Institute of Occupational Safety and Health, Kanagawa, Japan
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Ekin A, Gezer C, Kulhan G, Avcı ME, Taner CE. Can platelet count and mean platelet volume during the first trimester of pregnancy predict preterm premature rupture of membranes? J Obstet Gynaecol Res 2014; 41:23-8. [PMID: 25130327 DOI: 10.1111/jog.12484] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2014] [Accepted: 04/23/2014] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Abstract
AIM The aim of our study was to evaluate the values of platelet count and mean platelet volume (MPV) obtained from maternal serum during the first trimester to predict subsequent preterm premature rupture of membranes (PPROM). MATERIAL AND METHODS The records of 318 women with PPROM and 384 healthy controls in a single center between 2009 and 2013 were retrospectively evaluated. Platelet count and MPV values between 7 and 14 weeks of gestation were compared. Receiver-operator curve analysis was performed to identify the optimal platelet count and MPV cut-off levels predicting PPROM. RESULTS Compared with controls, women with PPROM had significantly increased levels of platelet count and significantly decreased levels of MPV in the first trimester (P < 0.001). The area under the receiver-operator curve was 0.642 for MPV and 0.579 for platelet count. The cut-off values of MPV ≤ 8.6 fL and platelet count ≥216 × 10(3) /μL predicted PPROM with a sensitivity of 58% and 65% and specificity of 62% and 44%, respectively. CONCLUSION MPV can be used as a more efficient predictor for an early diagnosis of PPROM than platelet count. However, further research combining other markers is needed to increase the efficiency of prediction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Atalay Ekin
- Department of Perinatology, Izmir Tepecik Training and Research Hospital, Izmir, Turkey
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26
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Evidence that birth weight is decreased by maternal lead levels below 5μg/dl in male newborns. Reprod Toxicol 2014; 47:21-6. [DOI: 10.1016/j.reprotox.2014.05.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/10/2013] [Revised: 05/08/2014] [Accepted: 05/15/2014] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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Chelchowska M, Ambroszkiewicz J, Jablonka-Salach K, Gajewska J, Maciejewski TM, Bulska E, Laskowska-Klita T, Leibschang J. Tobacco smoke exposure during pregnancy increases maternal blood lead levels affecting neonate birth weight. Biol Trace Elem Res 2013; 155:169-75. [PMID: 23934137 PMCID: PMC3785700 DOI: 10.1007/s12011-013-9775-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2013] [Accepted: 07/26/2013] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
To assess the effect of lead exposure from cigarette smoke on fetal growth, blood lead concentrations were measured using inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry in 150 healthy pregnant women. Mean lead concentrations in plasma and whole blood were significantly higher in the smoking group compared with the nonsmoking group in each trimester of pregnancy (p < 0.001). Logistic regression analysis showed the highest impact of the number of cigarettes smoked per day for serum lead concentration (β = 0.238; p < 0.05), while in whole blood, it was duration of smoking before conception (β = 0.297; p < 0.001). Birth weight of the smoking mothers' infants was significantly lower (mean ± SEM, 3,192 ± 50.8 and 3,569 ± 49.6 g, respectively; p < 0.001) and negatively correlated with lead levels in plasma (r = -0.38; p < 0.001) and in whole blood (r = -0.27; p < 0.001). Therefore, it is suggested that smoking during pregnancy increases lead concentrations in maternal blood. Fetal exposure to low doses of lead in utero may be a serious risk factor causing lower birth weight.
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Affiliation(s)
- Magdalena Chelchowska
- Screening Department, Institute of Mother and Child, Kasprzaka 17a, 01-211, Warsaw, Poland,
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Karrari P, Mehrpour O, Abdollahi M. A systematic review on status of lead pollution and toxicity in Iran; Guidance for preventive measures. Daru 2012; 20:2. [PMID: 23226111 PMCID: PMC3514537 DOI: 10.1186/1560-8115-20-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 118] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2012] [Accepted: 07/19/2012] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Lead is an old environmental metal which is presented everywhere and lead poisoning is an important health issue in many countries in the world including Iran. It is known as a silent environmental disease which can have life-long adverse health effects. In children, the most vulnerable population, mental development of children health effects is of the greatest influence. Low level lead exposure can significantly induce motor dysfunctions and cognitive impairment in children. The sources of lead exposure vary among countries. Occupational lead exposure is an important health issue in Iran and mine workers, employees of paint factories, workers of copying centers, drivers, and tile making factories are in higher risk of lead toxicity. Moreover lead processing industry has always been a major of concern which affects surface water, drinking waters, and ground waters, even water of Caspian Sea, Persian Gulf and rivers due to increasing the number of industries in vicinity of rivers that release their waste discharges into river or sea. In addition, lead contamination of soil and air especially in vicinity of polluted and industrialized cities is another health problem in Iran. Even foods such as rice and fishes, raw milk, and vegetables which are the most common food of Iranian population are polluted to lead in some area of Iran. Adding lead to the opium is a recently health hazard in Iran that has been observed among opium addicts. There are few studies evaluated current status of lead exposure and toxicity in the Iranian children and pregnant women which should be taken into account of authorities. We recommend to identify sources, eliminate or control sources, and monitor environmental exposures and hazards to prevent lead poisoning.
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Affiliation(s)
- Parissa Karrari
- Medical Toxicology and Drug Abuse Research Center (MTDRC), Pasdaran Avenue, Birjand University of Medical Sciences, Birjand, 9713643138, Iran
- Department of Clinical Toxicology and Forensic Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Birjand University of Medical Sciences, Ghaffari Avenue, Birjand, 9717853577, Iran
| | - Omid Mehrpour
- Medical Toxicology and Drug Abuse Research Center (MTDRC), Pasdaran Avenue, Birjand University of Medical Sciences, Birjand, 9713643138, Iran
- Department of Clinical Toxicology and Forensic Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Birjand University of Medical Sciences, Ghaffari Avenue, Birjand, 9717853577, Iran
| | - Mohammad Abdollahi
- Department of Toxicology and Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmacy, and Pharmaceutical Sciences Research Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, 1417614411, Iran
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Spezielle Arzneimitteltherapie in der Schwangerschaft. ARZNEIMITTEL IN SCHWANGERSCHAFT UND STILLZEIT 2012. [PMCID: PMC7271212 DOI: 10.1016/b978-3-437-21203-1.10002-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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Abstract
PURPOSE OF REVIEW Despite advances in medical care, preterm birth and its associated racial/ethnic disparities remain major public health issues. Environmental exposures may contribute to racial disparities in preterm birth. RECENT FINDINGS Recent work in Iran demonstrated lead levels less than 10 μg/dl to be associated with preterm birth and premature rupture of membranes. Data on air pollution are mixed. A study in California found exposure to nitric oxide species to be associated with preterm birth. However, results from large birth cohorts in the Netherlands found no association. Interestingly, a study in South Korea recently demonstrated that socioeconomic status modifies the association between air pollution and preterm birth. A recent promising study randomized minority pregnant women in Washington, District of Columbia, to cognitive behavioral therapy vs. usual care to decrease exposure to environmental tobacco smoke (ETS). The investigators reported reductions in ETS exposure and the risk of very preterm birth. SUMMARY Clues about potential mechanisms underlying disparities in preterm birth can be gained from exploring differences in environmental exposures. Investigators should include environmental variables when studying birth outcomes. Such efforts should result in targeted interventions to decrease the incidence of preterm birth and its disparities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Heather H Burris
- Department of Neonatology, Division of Newborn Medicine, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, and Division of Emergency Medicine, Children's Hospital Boston, Boston, Massachusetts 02215, USA.
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Vigeh M, Yokoyama K, Kitamura F, Afshinrokh M, Beygi A, Niroomanesh S. Early pregnancy blood lead and spontaneous abortion. Women Health 2011; 50:756-66. [PMID: 21170817 DOI: 10.1080/03630242.2010.532760] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
Although evidence tends to suggest that high levels of lead exposure increase the risk of spontaneous abortion, we do not yet know whether moderate- to low-level exposure elevates risk. Among 351 women (aged 16 to 35 years, with single pregnancies) who were registered for a longitudinal study, 15 (4.3%) women experienced spontaneous abortion after the 12th week of gestation and before the 20th week. We collected participants' blood samples during the first trimester of pregnancy (8-12 weeks) for lead measurement by inductively coupled plasma-mass spectrometry. Mean ± standard deviation of blood lead was 3.8 ± 2.0 μg/dl (range 1.0-20.5 μg/dl) with a geometric mean of 3.5 μg/dl. Mean blood lead concentrations did not differ significantly between spontaneous abortion cases and ongoing pregnancies (3.51 ± 1.42 and 3.83 ± 1.99 μg/dl, respectively). The findings suggest that in apparently healthy women, low blood lead levels (mean < 5 μg/dl) measured in early pregnancy may not be a risk factor for spontaneous abortion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohsen Vigeh
- Department of Hazard Assessment, National Institute of Occupational Safety and Health, Kawasaki, Japan.
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