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Grenville ZS, Noor U, His M, Viallon V, Rinaldi S, Aglago EK, Amiano P, Brunkwall L, Chirlaque MD, Drake I, Eichelmann F, Freisling H, Grioni S, Heath AK, Kaaks R, Katzke V, Mayén-Chacon AL, Milani L, Moreno-Iribas C, Pala V, Olsen A, Sánchez MJ, Schulze MB, Tjønneland A, Tsilidis KK, Weiderpass E, Winkvist A, Zamora-Ros R, Key TJ, Smith-Byrne K, Travis RC, Schmidt JA. Diet and BMI Correlate with Metabolite Patterns Associated with Aggressive Prostate Cancer. Nutrients 2022; 14:3306. [PMID: 36014812 PMCID: PMC9415102 DOI: 10.3390/nu14163306] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2022] [Revised: 08/08/2022] [Accepted: 08/10/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Three metabolite patterns have previously shown prospective inverse associations with the risk of aggressive prostate cancer within the European Prospective Investigation into Cancer and Nutrition (EPIC). Here, we investigated dietary and lifestyle correlates of these three prostate cancer-related metabolite patterns, which included: 64 phosphatidylcholines and three hydroxysphingomyelins (Pattern 1), acylcarnitines C18:1 and C18:2, glutamate, ornithine, and taurine (Pattern 2), and 8 lysophosphatidylcholines (Pattern 3). In a two-stage cross-sectional discovery (n = 2524) and validation (n = 518) design containing 3042 men free of cancer in EPIC, we estimated the associations of 24 dietary and lifestyle variables with each pattern and the contributing individual metabolites. Associations statistically significant after both correction for multiple testing (False Discovery Rate = 0.05) in the discovery set and at p < 0.05 in the validation set were considered robust. Intakes of alcohol, total fish products, and its subsets total fish and lean fish were positively associated with Pattern 1. Body mass index (BMI) was positively associated with Pattern 2, which appeared to be driven by a strong positive BMI-glutamate association. Finally, both BMI and fatty fish were inversely associated with Pattern 3. In conclusion, these results indicate associations of fish and its subtypes, alcohol, and BMI with metabolite patterns that are inversely associated with risk of aggressive prostate cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zoe S. Grenville
- Cancer Epidemiology Unit, Nuffield Department of Population Health, University of Oxford, Oxford OX3 7LF, UK
| | - Urwah Noor
- Cancer Epidemiology Unit, Nuffield Department of Population Health, University of Oxford, Oxford OX3 7LF, UK
| | - Mathilde His
- Nutrition and Metabolism Branch, International Agency for Research on Cancer, World Health Organization, 69008 Lyon, France
| | - Vivian Viallon
- Nutrition and Metabolism Branch, International Agency for Research on Cancer, World Health Organization, 69008 Lyon, France
| | - Sabina Rinaldi
- Nutrition and Metabolism Branch, International Agency for Research on Cancer, World Health Organization, 69008 Lyon, France
| | - Elom K. Aglago
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Imperial College London, London W2 1PG, UK
| | - Pilar Amiano
- Ministry of Health of the Basque Government, Sub Directorate for Public Health and Addictions of Gipuzkoa, 20013 San Sebastian, Spain
- Biodonostia Health Research Institute, Epidemiology of Chronic and Communicable Diseases Group, 20014 San Sebastián, Spain
- Spanish Consortium for Research on Epidemiology and Public Health (CIBERESP), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, 28029 Madrid, Spain
| | - Louise Brunkwall
- Department of Clinical Sciences, Lund University, 221 84 Malmö, Sweden
| | - María Dolores Chirlaque
- CIBER of Epidemiology and Public Health (CIBERESP), 28029 Madrid, Spain
- Department of Epidemiology, Regional Health Council, IMIB-Arrixaca, Murcia University, 30008 Murcia, Spain
| | - Isabel Drake
- Department of Clinical Sciences, Lund University, 221 84 Malmö, Sweden
- Skåne University Hospital, 214 28 Malmö, Sweden
| | - Fabian Eichelmann
- Department of Molecular Epidemiology, German Institute of Human Nutrition, 14558 Nuthetal, Germany
| | - Heinz Freisling
- Nutrition and Metabolism Branch, International Agency for Research on Cancer, World Health Organization, 69008 Lyon, France
| | - Sara Grioni
- Epidemiology and Prevention Unit, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori, 20133 Milan, Italy
| | - Alicia K. Heath
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Imperial College London, London W2 1PG, UK
| | - Rudolf Kaaks
- Department of Cancer Epidemiology, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), 69120 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Verena Katzke
- Department of Cancer Epidemiology, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), 69120 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Ana-Lucia Mayén-Chacon
- Nutrition and Metabolism Branch, International Agency for Research on Cancer, World Health Organization, 69008 Lyon, France
| | - Lorenzo Milani
- Cancer Epidemiology Unit, Department of Medical Sciences, University of Turin, 10124 Turin, Italy
| | - Conchi Moreno-Iribas
- CIBER of Epidemiology and Public Health (CIBERESP), 28029 Madrid, Spain
- Navarra Public Health Institute, 31003 Pamplona, Spain
- Navarra Institute for Health Research (IdiSNA), 31008 Pamplona, Spain
| | - Valeria Pala
- Epidemiology and Prevention Unit, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori, 20133 Milan, Italy
| | - Anja Olsen
- Danish Cancer Society Research Center, DK-2100 Copenhagen, Denmark
- Department of Public Health, Aarhus University, DK-8000 Aarhus, Denmark
| | - Maria-Jose Sánchez
- Escuela Andaluza de Salud Pública (EASP), 18011 Granada, Spain
- Instituto de Investigación Biosanitaria ibs.GRANADA, 18012 Granada, Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Epidemiología y Salud Pública (CIBERESP), 28029 Madrid, Spain
- Department of Preventive Medicine and Public Health, University of Granada, 18071 Granada, Spain
| | - Matthias B. Schulze
- Department of Molecular Epidemiology, German Institute of Human Nutrition, 14558 Nuthetal, Germany
| | - Anne Tjønneland
- Danish Cancer Society Research Center, DK-2100 Copenhagen, Denmark
- Department of Public Health, University of Copenhagen, DK-1353 Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Konstantinos K. Tsilidis
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Imperial College London, London W2 1PG, UK
- Department of Hygiene and Epidemiology, School of Medicine, University of Ioannina, 45110 Ioannina, Greece
| | - Elisabete Weiderpass
- International Agency for Research on Cancer, World Health Organization, 69008 Lyon, France
| | - Anna Winkvist
- Sustainable Health, Department of Public Health and Clinical Medicine, Umeå University, 901 87 Umeå, Sweden
- Department of Internal Medicine and Clinical Nutrition, The Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, 413 45 Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Raul Zamora-Ros
- Unit of Nutrition and Cancer, Cancer Epidemiology Research Programme, Catalan Institute of Oncology (ICO), Bellvitge Biomedical Research Institute (IDIBELL), L’Hospitalet de Llobregat, 08908 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Timothy J. Key
- Cancer Epidemiology Unit, Nuffield Department of Population Health, University of Oxford, Oxford OX3 7LF, UK
| | - Karl Smith-Byrne
- Cancer Epidemiology Unit, Nuffield Department of Population Health, University of Oxford, Oxford OX3 7LF, UK
| | - Ruth C. Travis
- Cancer Epidemiology Unit, Nuffield Department of Population Health, University of Oxford, Oxford OX3 7LF, UK
| | - Julie A. Schmidt
- Cancer Epidemiology Unit, Nuffield Department of Population Health, University of Oxford, Oxford OX3 7LF, UK
- Department of Clinical Epidemiology, Department of Clinical Medicine, University Hospital, Aarhus University and Aarhus, DK-8200 Aarhus N, Denmark
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Viallon V, His M, Rinaldi S, Breeur M, Gicquiau A, Hemon B, Overvad K, Tjønneland A, Rostgaard-Hansen AL, Rothwell JA, Lecuyer L, Severi G, Kaaks R, Johnson T, Schulze MB, Palli D, Agnoli C, Panico S, Tumino R, Ricceri F, Verschuren WMM, Engelfriet P, Onland-Moret C, Vermeulen R, Nøst TH, Urbarova I, Zamora-Ros R, Rodriguez-Barranco M, Amiano P, Huerta JM, Ardanaz E, Melander O, Ottoson F, Vidman L, Rentoft M, Schmidt JA, Travis RC, Weiderpass E, Johansson M, Dossus L, Jenab M, Gunter MJ, Lorenzo Bermejo J, Scherer D, Salek RM, Keski-Rahkonen P, Ferrari P. A New Pipeline for the Normalization and Pooling of Metabolomics Data. Metabolites 2021; 11:631. [PMID: 34564446 PMCID: PMC8467830 DOI: 10.3390/metabo11090631] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2021] [Revised: 09/10/2021] [Accepted: 09/13/2021] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Pooling metabolomics data across studies is often desirable to increase the statistical power of the analysis. However, this can raise methodological challenges as several preanalytical and analytical factors could introduce differences in measured concentrations and variability between datasets. Specifically, different studies may use variable sample types (e.g., serum versus plasma) collected, treated, and stored according to different protocols, and assayed in different laboratories using different instruments. To address these issues, a new pipeline was developed to normalize and pool metabolomics data through a set of sequential steps: (i) exclusions of the least informative observations and metabolites and removal of outliers; imputation of missing data; (ii) identification of the main sources of variability through principal component partial R-square (PC-PR2) analysis; (iii) application of linear mixed models to remove unwanted variability, including samples' originating study and batch, and preserve biological variations while accounting for potential differences in the residual variances across studies. This pipeline was applied to targeted metabolomics data acquired using Biocrates AbsoluteIDQ kits in eight case-control studies nested within the European Prospective Investigation into Cancer and Nutrition (EPIC) cohort. Comprehensive examination of metabolomics measurements indicated that the pipeline improved the comparability of data across the studies. Our pipeline can be adapted to normalize other molecular data, including biomarkers as well as proteomics data, and could be used for pooling molecular datasets, for example in international consortia, to limit biases introduced by inter-study variability. This versatility of the pipeline makes our work of potential interest to molecular epidemiologists.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vivian Viallon
- Nutrition and Metabolism Branch, International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC-WHO), 69008 Lyon, France; (M.H.); (S.R.); (M.B.); (A.G.); (B.H.); (L.D.); (M.J.); (M.J.G.); (R.M.S.); (P.K.-R.); (P.F.)
| | - Mathilde His
- Nutrition and Metabolism Branch, International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC-WHO), 69008 Lyon, France; (M.H.); (S.R.); (M.B.); (A.G.); (B.H.); (L.D.); (M.J.); (M.J.G.); (R.M.S.); (P.K.-R.); (P.F.)
| | - Sabina Rinaldi
- Nutrition and Metabolism Branch, International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC-WHO), 69008 Lyon, France; (M.H.); (S.R.); (M.B.); (A.G.); (B.H.); (L.D.); (M.J.); (M.J.G.); (R.M.S.); (P.K.-R.); (P.F.)
| | - Marie Breeur
- Nutrition and Metabolism Branch, International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC-WHO), 69008 Lyon, France; (M.H.); (S.R.); (M.B.); (A.G.); (B.H.); (L.D.); (M.J.); (M.J.G.); (R.M.S.); (P.K.-R.); (P.F.)
| | - Audrey Gicquiau
- Nutrition and Metabolism Branch, International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC-WHO), 69008 Lyon, France; (M.H.); (S.R.); (M.B.); (A.G.); (B.H.); (L.D.); (M.J.); (M.J.G.); (R.M.S.); (P.K.-R.); (P.F.)
| | - Bertrand Hemon
- Nutrition and Metabolism Branch, International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC-WHO), 69008 Lyon, France; (M.H.); (S.R.); (M.B.); (A.G.); (B.H.); (L.D.); (M.J.); (M.J.G.); (R.M.S.); (P.K.-R.); (P.F.)
| | - Kim Overvad
- Department of Public Health, Aarhus University Bartholins Alle 2, DK-8000 Aarhus, Denmark;
| | - Anne Tjønneland
- Danish Cancer Society Research Center, DK-2100 Copenhagen, Denmark; (A.T.); (A.L.R.-H.)
| | | | - Joseph A. Rothwell
- UVSQ, Inserm, CESP U1018, “Exposome and Heredity” Team, Université Paris-Saclay, Gustave Roussy, 94800 Villejuif, France; (J.A.R.); (L.L.); (G.S.)
| | - Lucie Lecuyer
- UVSQ, Inserm, CESP U1018, “Exposome and Heredity” Team, Université Paris-Saclay, Gustave Roussy, 94800 Villejuif, France; (J.A.R.); (L.L.); (G.S.)
| | - Gianluca Severi
- UVSQ, Inserm, CESP U1018, “Exposome and Heredity” Team, Université Paris-Saclay, Gustave Roussy, 94800 Villejuif, France; (J.A.R.); (L.L.); (G.S.)
- Department of Statistics, Computer Science, Applications “G. Parenti”, University of Florence, 50134 Florence, Italy
| | - Rudolf Kaaks
- Division of Cancer Epidemiology, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), 69120 Heidelberg, Germany; (R.K.); (T.J.)
| | - Theron Johnson
- Division of Cancer Epidemiology, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), 69120 Heidelberg, Germany; (R.K.); (T.J.)
| | - Matthias B. Schulze
- Department of Molecular Epidemiology, German Institute of Human Nutrition Potsdam Rehbruecke, Arthur-Scheunert-Allee 114-116, 14558 Nuthetal, Germany;
- Institute of Nutritional Science, University of Potsdam, Arthur-Scheunert-Allee 114-116, 14558 Nuthetal, Germany
| | - Domenico Palli
- Cancer Risk Factors and Life-Style Epidemiology Unit, Institute for Cancer Research, Prevention and Clinical Network (ISPRO), 50139 Florence, Italy;
| | - Claudia Agnoli
- Epidemiology and Prevention Unit Department of Research, Fondazione IRCCS—Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori, 20133 Milan, Italy;
| | - Salvatore Panico
- Dipartimento di Medicina Clinica e Chirurgia, Federico II University, 80131 Naples, Italy;
| | - Rosario Tumino
- Cancer Registry and Histopathology Department, Provincial Health Authority (ASP 7), 97100 Ragusa, Italy;
| | - Fulvio Ricceri
- Department of Clinical and Biological Sciences, University of Turin, 10043 Orbassano, Italy;
- Unit of Epidemiology, Regional Health Service ASL TO3, 10095 Grugliasco, Italy
| | - W. M. Monique Verschuren
- National Institute for Public Health and the Environment, Centre for Nutrition, Prevention and Health Services, Antonie van Leeuwenhoeklaan 9, 3721 MA Bilthoven, The Netherlands; (W.M.M.V.); (P.E.)
- Julius Center for Health Sciences and Primary Care, University Medical Center Utrecht, 3584 CG Utrecht, The Netherlands; (C.O.-M.); (R.V.)
| | - Peter Engelfriet
- National Institute for Public Health and the Environment, Centre for Nutrition, Prevention and Health Services, Antonie van Leeuwenhoeklaan 9, 3721 MA Bilthoven, The Netherlands; (W.M.M.V.); (P.E.)
| | - Charlotte Onland-Moret
- Julius Center for Health Sciences and Primary Care, University Medical Center Utrecht, 3584 CG Utrecht, The Netherlands; (C.O.-M.); (R.V.)
| | - Roel Vermeulen
- Julius Center for Health Sciences and Primary Care, University Medical Center Utrecht, 3584 CG Utrecht, The Netherlands; (C.O.-M.); (R.V.)
- Institute for Risk Assessment Sciences, Division of Environmental Epidemiology, Utrecht University, 3584 CM Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Therese Haugdahl Nøst
- Department of Community Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, UiT The Arctic University of Norway, P.O. Box 6050, 9037 Tromsø, Norway; (T.H.N.); (I.U.)
| | - Ilona Urbarova
- Department of Community Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, UiT The Arctic University of Norway, P.O. Box 6050, 9037 Tromsø, Norway; (T.H.N.); (I.U.)
| | - Raul Zamora-Ros
- Unit of Nutrition and Cancer, Cancer Epidemiology Research Programme, Catalan Institute of Oncology, Bellvitge Biomedical Research Institute (IDIBELL), 08908 L’Hospitalet de Llobregat, Spain;
| | - Miguel Rodriguez-Barranco
- Escuela Andaluza de Salud Pública (EASP), 18011 Granada, Spain;
- Instituto de Investigación Biosanitaria ibs.GRANADA, 18012 Granada, Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Epidemiología y Salud Pública (CIBERESP), 28029 Madrid, Spain; (P.A.); (J.M.H.); (E.A.)
| | - Pilar Amiano
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Epidemiología y Salud Pública (CIBERESP), 28029 Madrid, Spain; (P.A.); (J.M.H.); (E.A.)
- Ministry of Health of the Basque Government, Sub-Directorate for Public Health and Addictions of Gipuzkoa, 20013 San Sebastián, Spain
- Biodonostia Health Research Institute, Group of Epidemiology of Chronic and Communicable Diseases, 20014 San Sebastián, Spain
| | - José Maria Huerta
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Epidemiología y Salud Pública (CIBERESP), 28029 Madrid, Spain; (P.A.); (J.M.H.); (E.A.)
- Department of Epidemiology, Murcia Regional Health Council, IMIB-Arrixaca, 30007 Murcia, Spain
| | - Eva Ardanaz
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Epidemiología y Salud Pública (CIBERESP), 28029 Madrid, Spain; (P.A.); (J.M.H.); (E.A.)
- Navarra Public Health Institute, 31003 Pamplona, Spain
- IdiSNA, Navarra Institute for Health Research, 31008 Pamplona, Spain
| | - Olle Melander
- Department of Clincal Sciences, Lund University, SE-21 428 Malmö, Sweden;
- Department of Emergency and Internal Medicine, Skåne University Hospital, SE-20 502 Malmö, Sweden
| | - Filip Ottoson
- Department of Immunotechnology, Lund University, SE-22 100 Lund, Sweden;
| | - Linda Vidman
- Department of Radiation Sciences, Oncology, Umeå University, SE-901 87 Umeå, Sweden; (L.V.); (M.R.)
| | - Matilda Rentoft
- Department of Radiation Sciences, Oncology, Umeå University, SE-901 87 Umeå, Sweden; (L.V.); (M.R.)
| | - Julie A. Schmidt
- Cancer Epidemiology Unit, Nuffield Department of Population Health, University of Oxford, Oxford OX3 7LF, UK; (J.A.S.); (R.C.T.)
| | - Ruth C. Travis
- Cancer Epidemiology Unit, Nuffield Department of Population Health, University of Oxford, Oxford OX3 7LF, UK; (J.A.S.); (R.C.T.)
| | - Elisabete Weiderpass
- International Agency for Research on Cancer, World Health Organization, 69008 Lyon, France;
| | - Mattias Johansson
- Genomic Epidemiology Branch, International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC-WHO), 69008 Lyon, France;
| | - Laure Dossus
- Nutrition and Metabolism Branch, International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC-WHO), 69008 Lyon, France; (M.H.); (S.R.); (M.B.); (A.G.); (B.H.); (L.D.); (M.J.); (M.J.G.); (R.M.S.); (P.K.-R.); (P.F.)
| | - Mazda Jenab
- Nutrition and Metabolism Branch, International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC-WHO), 69008 Lyon, France; (M.H.); (S.R.); (M.B.); (A.G.); (B.H.); (L.D.); (M.J.); (M.J.G.); (R.M.S.); (P.K.-R.); (P.F.)
| | - Marc J. Gunter
- Nutrition and Metabolism Branch, International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC-WHO), 69008 Lyon, France; (M.H.); (S.R.); (M.B.); (A.G.); (B.H.); (L.D.); (M.J.); (M.J.G.); (R.M.S.); (P.K.-R.); (P.F.)
| | - Justo Lorenzo Bermejo
- Statistical Genetics Group, Institute of Medical Biometry, University of Heidelberg, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany; (J.L.B.); (D.S.)
| | - Dominique Scherer
- Statistical Genetics Group, Institute of Medical Biometry, University of Heidelberg, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany; (J.L.B.); (D.S.)
| | - Reza M. Salek
- Nutrition and Metabolism Branch, International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC-WHO), 69008 Lyon, France; (M.H.); (S.R.); (M.B.); (A.G.); (B.H.); (L.D.); (M.J.); (M.J.G.); (R.M.S.); (P.K.-R.); (P.F.)
| | - Pekka Keski-Rahkonen
- Nutrition and Metabolism Branch, International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC-WHO), 69008 Lyon, France; (M.H.); (S.R.); (M.B.); (A.G.); (B.H.); (L.D.); (M.J.); (M.J.G.); (R.M.S.); (P.K.-R.); (P.F.)
| | - Pietro Ferrari
- Nutrition and Metabolism Branch, International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC-WHO), 69008 Lyon, France; (M.H.); (S.R.); (M.B.); (A.G.); (B.H.); (L.D.); (M.J.); (M.J.G.); (R.M.S.); (P.K.-R.); (P.F.)
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