1
|
Rome M, Happel A, Dahlenburg C, Nicodemus P, Schott E, Mueller S, Lovell K, Beighley RE. Application of floating wetlands for the improvement of degraded urban waters: Findings from three multi-year pilot-scale installations. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2023; 877:162669. [PMID: 36907411 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2023.162669] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/19/2022] [Revised: 02/28/2023] [Accepted: 03/02/2023] [Indexed: 05/06/2023]
Abstract
Floating Treatment Wetlands (FTWs) are an emerging ecological engineering technology being applied the restoration of eutrophic urban water bodies. Documented water-quality benefits of FTW include nutrient removal, transformation of pollutants, and reduction in bacterial contamination. However, translating findings from short-duration lab and mesocosm scale experiments, into sizing criteria that might be applied to field installations is not straightforward. This study presents the results of three well established (>3 years) pilot-scale (40-280 m2) FTW installations in Baltimore, Boston, and Chicago. We quantify annual phosphorus removal through harvesting of above-ground vegetation and find an average removal rate of 2 g-P m-2. In our own study and in a review of literature, we find limited evidence of enhanced sedimentation as a pathway for phosphorus removal. In addition to water-quality benefits, FTW planted with native species, provide valuable wetland habitat; and theoretically improve ecological function. We document efforts to quantify the local effect of FTW installations on benthic and sessile macroinvertebrates, zooplankton, bloom-forming cyanobacteria, and fish. Data from these three projects suggest that, even on a small scale, FTW produce localized changes in biotic structure that reflect improving environmental quality. This study provides a simple and defensible method for sizing FTW for nutrient removal in eutrophic waterbodies. We propose several key research pathways which would advance our understanding of the effects FTW have on the ecosystem they are deployed in.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- McNamara Rome
- Northeastern University, Civil and Environmental Engineering, 400 Snell Engineering Center, 350 Huntington Ave, Boston, MA 02115, United States of America.
| | - Austin Happel
- Daniel P. Haerther Center for Conservation and Research, John G. Shedd Aquarium, 1200 South DuSable Lake Shore Drive, Chicago, IL, 60605, United States of America
| | - Charmaine Dahlenburg
- National Aquarium, to 501 E Pratt Street, Baltimore, MD 21202, United States of America
| | - Phil Nicodemus
- Urban Rivers, 1550 N Kingsbury St, Chicago, IL 60642, United States of America
| | - Eric Schott
- University of Maryland, Center for Environmental Science, 701 E. Pratt St, IMET, Baltimore, MD 21202, United States of America
| | - Stephanie Mueller
- Urban Rivers, 1550 N Kingsbury St, Chicago, IL 60642, United States of America
| | - Kathryne Lovell
- University of Massachusetts Amherst. College of Engineering, 130 Natural Resources Road Marston Hall, Amherst, MA 01003, United States of America
| | - R Edward Beighley
- Northeastern University, Civil and Environmental Engineering, 400 Snell Engineering Center, 350 Huntington Ave, Boston, MA 02115, United States of America
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Stroud S, Peacock J, Hassall C. Vegetation-based ecosystem service delivery in urban landscapes: a systematic review. Basic Appl Ecol 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.baae.2022.02.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
|
3
|
Seasonal and spatial patterns of eukaryotic phytoplankton communities in an urban river based on marker gene. Sci Rep 2021; 11:23147. [PMID: 34848755 PMCID: PMC8633359 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-021-02183-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/06/2021] [Accepted: 11/10/2021] [Indexed: 11/08/2022] Open
Abstract
The seasonal and spatial eukaryotic phytoplankton composition in the Fenhe River was investigated based on the 18S rDNA V4 region. The relationship between phytoplankton functional groups and environmental factors was explored to effectively capture the responses of these taxa to environmental gradients and their effects on ecosystem function. Our results indicated that the Chlorophyta and Bacillariophyta had higher relative abundance than other taxa, and their diversity and richness indices in spring were higher than those in other seasons. The linear discriminant analysis effect size (LEfSe) analyses detected that the potential seasonal biomarkers included Desmodesmus, Cyclotella, Pseudoschroederia, Discostella, Scenedesmus, Monoraphidium, and Nannochloropsis; the spatial biomarkers included Amphora, Neochloris, Hindakia, Pseudomuriella, Coccomyxa, Chloroidium, Scherffelia, Chromochloris, and Scotinosphaera. The systemic evolution and distribution characteristics of the first 50 representative sequences showed that the dominant genus included Desmodesmus in spring, Pseudopediastrum in summer, Mychonastes in autumn, and Monoraphidium in winter. Main seasonal variation of phytoplankton functional groups was as follows: spring (J + F + C + X1) → summer (J + F + X1 + X2) → autumn (J + F + X1 + C) → winter (X1 + J + B + X2). Pearson correlation, redundancy analysis, and variance partitioning analysis showed temperature and phosphate were the determining factors causing the changes of phytoplankton functional groups and community composition in the Fenhe River.
Collapse
|
4
|
Vega L, Jaimes J, Morales D, Martínez D, Cruz-Saavedra L, Muñoz M, Ramírez JD. Microbial Communities' Characterization in Urban Recreational Surface Waters Using Next Generation Sequencing. MICROBIAL ECOLOGY 2021; 81:847-863. [PMID: 33392628 DOI: 10.1007/s00248-020-01649-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/20/2020] [Accepted: 11/19/2020] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Microbial communities in surface waters used for recreational purposes are indicators of contamination and risk of contact with human pathogens. Hence, monitoring microbial communities in recreational waters is important for potential public health threats to humans. Such monitoring is rare in Colombia, even in its capital, Bogotá, the most populous city in the country. This city encompasses metropolitan and linear parks with recreational water bodies that are used frequently by the public, and the presence of pathogens can compromise the health of the citizens. Therefore, we examined the bacterial, and eukaryotic communities in urban recreational lakes (URL) in four metropolitan parks in Bogotá, Colombia. Samples from four metropolitan parks (Los Novios, Simon Bolivar, El Tunal, and Timiza) and one stream contaminated with sewage from a linear park (El Virrey) were collected. We used amplicon next-generation sequencing of the 16S-rRNA gene and 18S-rRNA gene to characterize microbial communities followed by bioinformatics analyses. In addition, general water quality parameters-pH, hardness, acidity, alkalinity, dissolved oxygen, and nitrites-were recorded using a commercial kit. Genera of pathogens, including Legionella, Pseudomonas, Mycobacterium, Candida, and Naegleria, were found in lake waters. The stream El Virrey was, however, the only surface water that showed an abundance of fecal bacteria, often associated with low oxygen concentrations. All water bodies showed a predominance of fungal phyla, except for the lake at Timiza. This lake showed the highest pH, and its ecological dynamics are likely different from other water bodies. Likewise, some URLs displayed a greater abundance of cyanobacteria, including toxin-producing species. Algal genera associated with eutrophication were predominant among primary producing microorganisms. This study shows for the first time the description of the bacterial and eukaryotic communities of some URLs and a stream in Bogotá. The URLs and the stream harbored various pathogens that might pose a risk to the citizen's health.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Laura Vega
- Grupo de Investigaciones Microbiológicas- UR (GIMUR), Departamento de Biología, Facultad de Ciencias Naturales, Universidad del Rosario, Bogotá, 110221, Colombia
| | - Jesús Jaimes
- Grupo de Investigaciones Microbiológicas- UR (GIMUR), Departamento de Biología, Facultad de Ciencias Naturales, Universidad del Rosario, Bogotá, 110221, Colombia
| | - Duvan Morales
- Grupo de Investigaciones Microbiológicas- UR (GIMUR), Departamento de Biología, Facultad de Ciencias Naturales, Universidad del Rosario, Bogotá, 110221, Colombia
| | - David Martínez
- Grupo de Investigaciones Microbiológicas- UR (GIMUR), Departamento de Biología, Facultad de Ciencias Naturales, Universidad del Rosario, Bogotá, 110221, Colombia
| | - Lissa Cruz-Saavedra
- Grupo de Investigaciones Microbiológicas- UR (GIMUR), Departamento de Biología, Facultad de Ciencias Naturales, Universidad del Rosario, Bogotá, 110221, Colombia
| | - Marina Muñoz
- Grupo de Investigaciones Microbiológicas- UR (GIMUR), Departamento de Biología, Facultad de Ciencias Naturales, Universidad del Rosario, Bogotá, 110221, Colombia
| | - Juan David Ramírez
- Grupo de Investigaciones Microbiológicas- UR (GIMUR), Departamento de Biología, Facultad de Ciencias Naturales, Universidad del Rosario, Bogotá, 110221, Colombia.
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Malisa R, Schwella E, Kidd M. From 'government' to 'governance': A quantitative transition analysis of urban wastewater management principles in Stellenbosch Municipality. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2019; 674:494-511. [PMID: 31022540 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2019.04.194] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2018] [Revised: 03/14/2019] [Accepted: 04/12/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Water demand continues to increase amid shrinking natural water sources in the Western Cape Province of South Africa. This holds true for Stellenbosch Municipality, which is situated in the Western Cape. The prevailing draught, coupled with rainfall projections predicting that the region will be in a high-risk draught category by 2040, prompted municipal authorities to devise alternative water sources, such as urban waste water recycling (UWWR), to augment its water supplies. This water management approach is a component of integrated urban water management (IUWM), which stems from the water 'governance' paradigm. Research on the transition process from a 'government' to a 'governance' UWWR paradigm is limited both in the global south and in South Africa. Hence, the main objective of this study was to investigate the action knowledge required for a sustainable transition from a 'government' to an IUWW 'governance' paradigm in the context of Stellenbosch town. The study adopted a transdisciplinary research methodology, while the transformative research paradigm guided the research. Quantitative data collection from a single case study, namely Stellenbosch town, was through the administration of a questionnaire distributed to purposefully sampled participants. ANOVA statistical tools analysed the data. The study ascertained that transitioning frameworks considered in this study could guide a transition process of migrating from conventional urban wastewater management government towards IUWM governance principles in Stellenbosch town and other global south locations.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- R Malisa
- School of Public Leadership, Stellenbosch University, Private Bag XI, Matieland 7602, South Africa.
| | - E Schwella
- School of Public Leadership, Stellenbosch University, Private Bag XI, Matieland 7602, South Africa
| | - M Kidd
- Department of Statistics and Actuarial Sciences, Stellenbosch University, Private Bag X1, Matieland 7602, South Africa
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Safwat SM, Matta ME. Performance evaluation of electrocoagulation process using zinc electrodes for removal of urea. SEP SCI TECHNOL 2019. [DOI: 10.1080/01496395.2019.1636067] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/07/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Safwat M. Safwat
- Sanitary Environmental Engineering Division, Faculty of Engineering,Cairo University,Giza, Egypt
| | - Minerva E. Matta
- Sanitary Environmental Engineering Division, Faculty of Engineering,Cairo University,Giza, Egypt
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Climate Change Impact on Spatiotemporal Hotspots of Hydrologic Ecosystem Services: A Case Study of Chinan Catchment, Taiwan. WATER 2019. [DOI: 10.3390/w11040867] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Hydrologic ecosystem services are greatly affected by the changing climate. In this study, the Integrated Valuation of Ecosystem Services and Tradeoffs (InVEST) model was used to quantify hydrologic ecosystem services. Five general circulation models (GCMs) and two representative concentration pathways (RCPs) were selected to estimate hydrologic ecosystem services. The Local Indicators of Spatial Association (LISA) index was used to identify hydrologic ecosystem hotspots. The hotspots were used to evaluate the impact of climate change on the services. Results indicate that annual water yields vary from −17% to 8%, with significant intra-year fluctuation. Compared to baseline data, the CESM1-CAM5 predicts an increase of 45% in June, but HadGEM2-AO predicts a drop to only 12% in January. Sediment export results show a similar trend to water yield, with sediment export increasing significantly under RCP 8.5, and monthly sediment export increases concentrated from June and October. Nitrogen and phosphorous exports both show less significant changes but obvious intra-year variations. The CESM1-CAM5 predicts strong seasonal and spatial variation of the hydrologic ecosystem services. Our proposed approach successfully identifies annual and monthly hotspot spatial changes of hydrologic ecosystem services under climate change.
Collapse
|
8
|
Evaluation of the Potential Change to the Ecosystem Service Provision Due to Industrialization. SUSTAINABILITY 2018. [DOI: 10.3390/su10093355] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
The provision of ecosystem services (ES) in a particular region is strongly related to land use. In 2013, San José Chiapa, México, was selected as the new operations base for an automotive company. The installation of the new automotive plant will encourage population growth from 8000 to 200,000 inhabitants by 2050. Consequently, the rise in the demand for land to urbanize will increase at a rate expected to have a significant impact in terms of land-use change, affecting the provision of ES in the region. This paper aims to characterize the ES provision that was present in the region before industrialization and to evaluate the potential effect of land-use change on ES provision. This study analyzed geographic and demographic information and involved a series of field trips to characterize the services present in the area. The ES budget is positive regarding the production of biomass, due to the rural nature of most of the study area. However, this picture is changing with the continuous growth of urban areas due to economic development. This is a critical point for the region regarding ES provision, and only a joint effort between municipalities and industry will make it possible for the region to seize on development while maintaining ES provision.
Collapse
|
9
|
Jin D, Kong X, Cui B, Jin S, Xie Y, Wang X, Deng Y. Bacterial communities and potential waterborne pathogens within the typical urban surface waters. Sci Rep 2018; 8:13368. [PMID: 30190569 PMCID: PMC6127328 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-018-31706-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2017] [Accepted: 05/10/2018] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Waterborne pathogens have attracted a great deal of attention in the public health sector over the last several decades. However, little is known about the pathogenic microorganisms in urban water systems. In this study, the bacterial community structure of 16 typical surface waters in the city of Beijing were analyzed using Illumina MiSeq high-throughput sequencing based on 16S rRNA gene. The results showed that Bacteroidetes, Proteobacteria and Actinobacteria were the dominant groups in 16 surface water samples, and Betaproteobacteria, Alphaproteobacteria, Flavobacteriia, Sphingobacteriia and Actinobacteria were the most dominant classes. The dominant genus across all samples was Flavobacterium. In addition, fifteen genus level groups of potentialy pathogenic bacteria were detected within the 16 water samples, with Pseudomonas and Aeromonas the most frequently identified. Spearman correlation analysis demonstrated that richness estimators (OTUs and Chao1) were correlated with water temperature, nitrate and total nitrogen (p < 0.05), while ammonia-nitrogen and total nitrogen were significantly correlated with the percent of total potential pathogens (p ≤ 0.05). These results could provide insight into the ecological function and health risks of surface water bacterial communities during the process of urbanization.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Decai Jin
- Key Laboratory of Environmental Biotechnology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100085, China. .,College of Resources and Environment, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China.
| | - Xiao Kong
- Key Laboratory of Environmental Biotechnology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100085, China.,College of Resources and Environment, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Bingjian Cui
- Key Laboratory of Environmental Biotechnology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100085, China.,College of Resources and Environment, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Shulan Jin
- School of History Geography and Tourism, Shangrao Normal University, Shangrao, 334000, China
| | - Yunfeng Xie
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Criteria and Risk Assessment, Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences, Beijing, 100012, China
| | - Xingrun Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Criteria and Risk Assessment, Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences, Beijing, 100012, China
| | - Ye Deng
- Key Laboratory of Environmental Biotechnology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100085, China. .,College of Resources and Environment, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China.
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Conallin J, Wilson E, Campbell J. Implementation of Environmental Flows for Intermittent River Systems: Adaptive Management and Stakeholder Participation Facilitate Implementation. ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT 2018; 61:497-505. [PMID: 28866735 DOI: 10.1007/s00267-017-0922-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2016] [Accepted: 06/20/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Anthropogenic pressure on freshwater ecosystems is increasing, and often leading to unacceptable social-ecological outcomes. This is even more prevalent in intermittent river systems where many are already heavily modified, or human encroachment is increasing. Although adaptive management approaches have the potential to aid in providing the framework to consider the complexities of intermittent river systems and improve utility within the management of these systems, success has been variable. This paper looks at the application of an adaptive management pilot project within an environmental flows program in an intermittent stream (Tuppal Creek) in the Murray Darling Basin, Australia. The program focused on stakeholder involvement, participatory decision-making, and simple monitoring as the basis of an adaptive management approach. The approach found that by building trust and ownership through concentrating on inclusiveness and transparency, partnerships between government agencies and landholders were developed. This facilitated a willingness to accept greater risks and unintended consequences allowing implementation to occur.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- John Conallin
- IHE Delft Institute for Water Education, Westvest 7, 2601 DA, Delft, Netherlands.
| | - Emma Wilson
- NSW Office of Environment and Heritage, Level 4, Government Offices, 533 Kiewa St, Albury, NSW, Australia
| | - Josh Campbell
- Murray Local Land Services, 315 Victoria Street, Deniliquin, NSW, 2710, Australia
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Cunha DGF, Casali SP, de Falco PB, Thornhill I, Loiselle SA. The contribution of volunteer-based monitoring data to the assessment of harmful phytoplankton blooms in Brazilian urban streams. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2017; 584-585:586-594. [PMID: 28169029 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2017.01.080] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/11/2016] [Revised: 01/12/2017] [Accepted: 01/13/2017] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
Urban streams are vulnerable to a range of impacts, leading to the impairment of ecosystem services. However, studies on phytoplankton growth in tropical lotic systems are still limited. Citizen science approaches use trained volunteers to collect environmental data. We combined data on urban streams collected by volunteers with data obtained by professional scientists to identify potential drivers of phytoplankton community and determine thresholds for Cyanobacteria development. We combined datasets (n=117) on water quality and environmental observations in 64 Brazilian urban streams with paired data on phytoplankton. Sampling activities encompassed dry (July 2013 and July 2015) and warm (February and November 2014) seasons. Volunteers quantified phosphate (PO43-), nitrate (NO3-) and turbidity in each stream using colorimetric and optical methods and recorded environmental conditions in the immediate surroundings of the sites through visual observations. We used non-parametric statistics to identify correlations among nutrients, turbidity and phytoplankton. We also looked for thresholds with respect to high Cyanobacteria abundance (>50,000cells/mL). The streams were characterized by relatively high nutrient concentrations (PO43-: 0.11mg/L; NO3-: 2.6mg/L) and turbidity (49 NTU). Phytoplankton densities reached 189,000cells/mL, mainly potentially toxic Cyanobacteria species. Moderate but significant (p<0.05) correlations were observed between phytoplankton density and turbidity (ρ=0.338, Spearman) and PO43- (ρ=0.292), but not with NO3-. Other important variables (river flow, temperature and light) were not assessed. Volunteers' observations covaried with phytoplankton density (p<0.05, Kruskal-Wallis), positively with increasing number of pollution sources and negatively with presence of vegetation in the riparian zone. Our results indicate that thresholds for PO43- (0.11mg/L) can be used to separate systems with high Cyanobacteria density. The number of pollution sources provided a good indicator of waterbodies with potential cyanobacteria problems. Our findings reinforced the need for nutrient abatement and restoration of local streams and highlighted the benefits of volunteer-based monitoring to support decision-making.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Davi Gasparini Fernandes Cunha
- Departamento de Hidráulica e Saneamento, Escola de Engenharia de São Carlos, Universidade de São Paulo, Avenida Trabalhador São-Carlense, 400, CEP 13566-590 São Carlos, SP, Brazil.
| | - Simone Pereira Casali
- Departamento de Hidráulica e Saneamento, Escola de Engenharia de São Carlos, Universidade de São Paulo, Avenida Trabalhador São-Carlense, 400, CEP 13566-590 São Carlos, SP, Brazil
| | - Patrícia Bortoletto de Falco
- Departamento de Ciências Ambientais, Universidade Federal de São Carlos, Rodovia Washington Luiz, km 235, CEP 13565-905, São Carlos, SP, Brazil
| | - Ian Thornhill
- Earthwatch Institute, Mayfield House, 256 Banbury Rd, Oxford OX2 7DE, United Kingdom
| | | |
Collapse
|
12
|
Plazas-Nossa L, Hofer T, Gruber G, Torres A. Forecasting of UV-Vis absorbance time series using artificial neural networks combined with principal component analysis. WATER SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY : A JOURNAL OF THE INTERNATIONAL ASSOCIATION ON WATER POLLUTION RESEARCH 2017; 75:765-774. [PMID: 28234277 DOI: 10.2166/wst.2016.524] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
This work proposes a methodology for the forecasting of online water quality data provided by UV-Vis spectrometry. Therefore, a combination of principal component analysis (PCA) to reduce the dimensionality of a data set and artificial neural networks (ANNs) for forecasting purposes was used. The results obtained were compared with those obtained by using discrete Fourier transform (DFT). The proposed methodology was applied to four absorbance time series data sets composed by a total number of 5705 UV-Vis spectra. Absolute percentage errors obtained by applying the proposed PCA/ANN methodology vary between 10% and 13% for all four study sites. In general terms, the results obtained were hardly generalizable, as they appeared to be highly dependent on specific dynamics of the water system; however, some trends can be outlined. PCA/ANN methodology gives better results than PCA/DFT forecasting procedure by using a specific spectra range for the following conditions: (i) for Salitre wastewater treatment plant (WWTP) (first hour) and Graz West R05 (first 18 min), from the last part of UV range to all visible range; (ii) for Gibraltar pumping station (first 6 min) for all UV-Vis absorbance spectra; and (iii) for San Fernando WWTP (first 24 min) for all of UV range to middle part of visible range.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Thomas Hofer
- Institute of Urban Water Management and Landscape Water Engineering, Graz University of Technology, Graz 8010, Austria
| | - Günter Gruber
- Institute of Urban Water Management and Landscape Water Engineering, Graz University of Technology, Graz 8010, Austria
| | - Andres Torres
- Grupo de Investigación Ciencia e Ingeniería del Agua y el Ambiente, Pontificia Universidad Javeriana, Bogotá 110231, Colombia
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
Kharrazi A, Akiyama T, Yu Y, Li J. Evaluating the evolution of the Heihe River basin using the ecological network analysis: Efficiency, resilience, and implications for water resource management policy. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2016; 572:688-696. [PMID: 27499498 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2016.06.210] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2016] [Revised: 06/26/2016] [Accepted: 06/26/2016] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
One of the most critical challenges in the anthropocentric age is the sustainable management of the planet's increasingly strained water resources. In this avenue, there is a need to advance holistic approaches and objective tools which allow policy makers to better evaluate system-level properties and trade-offs of water resources. This research contributes to the expanding literature in this area by examining the changes to system-level network configurations of the middle reaches of the Heihe River basin from 2000 to 2009. Specifically, through the ecological network analysis (ENA) approach, this research examines changes to the system-level properties of efficiency, redundancy, and evaluates the trade-offs to the resiliency of ecosystem water services of the middle reaches of the Heihe River basin. Our results indicate that while the efficiency of the middle reaches has increased from 2000 to 2009 by 6% and 78% more water is released to the lower reaches, the redundancy of the system has also decreased by 6%. The lower level of redundancy, particularly due to the changes in the groundwater body levels, has critical long-term consequences for the resilience of the water ecosystem services of the middle reaches. In consideration of these holistic trade-offs, two hypothetical alternative scenarios, based on water recycling and saving strategies, are developed to improve the long-term health and resilience of the water system.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ali Kharrazi
- Advanced Systems Analysis Program, International Institute for Applied Systems Analysis (IIASA), Laxenburg, Austria; Graduate School of Public Policy, The University of Tokyo, Japan.
| | - Tomohiro Akiyama
- Graduate Program in Sustainability Science-Global Leadership Initiative, Graduate School of Frontier Sciences, The University of Tokyo, Japan
| | - Yadong Yu
- School of Business, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai 200237, China
| | - Jia Li
- Department of International Studies& Regional Development, University of Niigata Prefecture, Japan
| |
Collapse
|