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Grinham A, Deering N, Beecroft R, Rudd J, Heatherington C, Cossu R, Linde M, Richardson D, Wilson C, Hutley N, Albert S. Event loading drives distribution of the organochlorine pesticide metabolite DDE in a sub-tropical river system, Brisbane River, Australia. MARINE POLLUTION BULLETIN 2021; 170:112671. [PMID: 34217054 DOI: 10.1016/j.marpolbul.2021.112671] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2021] [Revised: 06/20/2021] [Accepted: 06/22/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Past catchment practices can contribute to environmental impacts for decades following their cessation. We examine the distribution of the prevalent organochlorine pesticide, dichlorodiphenyltrichloroethane (DDT) and its metabolites (DDE, DDD) in the sediments of a sub-tropical river system (Brisbane River, Australia). This study aimed to identify sources of DDT, DDE, DDD into the lower reaches of the Brisbane River. Annual sediment sampling of the lower Brisbane River over a period of 15 years (2001-2015) revealed a significant increase in sediment DDT, DDE and DDD content following major floods. A regional survey detected elevated sediment DDT, DDE and DDD content at 32 of 79 sites sampled; however, these were generally below guideline trigger values. DDE was the sole fraction at all but one site with creek systems dominated by intensive cropping practices identified as legacy sources and major flood events as a driver of elevated sediment DDE content in the lower reaches.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alistair Grinham
- School of Civil Engineering, The University of Queensland, St. Lucia, QLD, Australia.
| | - Nathaniel Deering
- School of Civil Engineering, The University of Queensland, St. Lucia, QLD, Australia
| | - Ryan Beecroft
- School of Civil Engineering, The University of Queensland, St. Lucia, QLD, Australia
| | - Jessica Rudd
- Port of Brisbane Pty Ltd., Port of Brisbane, QLD, Australia
| | - Craig Heatherington
- School of Civil Engineering, The University of Queensland, St. Lucia, QLD, Australia
| | - Remo Cossu
- School of Civil Engineering, The University of Queensland, St. Lucia, QLD, Australia
| | - Michael Linde
- Port of Brisbane Pty Ltd., Port of Brisbane, QLD, Australia
| | | | - Craig Wilson
- Port of Brisbane Pty Ltd., Port of Brisbane, QLD, Australia
| | - Nicholas Hutley
- School of Civil Engineering, The University of Queensland, St. Lucia, QLD, Australia
| | - Simon Albert
- School of Civil Engineering, The University of Queensland, St. Lucia, QLD, Australia
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Kurek J, MacKeigan PW, Veinot S, Mercer A, Kidd KA. Ecological Legacy of DDT Archived in Lake Sediments from Eastern Canada. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY 2019; 53:7316-7325. [PMID: 31187621 DOI: 10.1021/acs.est.9b01396] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Historic forest management practices led to widespread aerial application of insecticides, such as dichlorodiphenyltrichloroethane (DDT), to North American conifer forests during ∼1950-1970. Lake basins thus may provide an important archive of inputs and aquatic responses to these organochlorines. We use dated sediment cores from five study lakes in multiple watersheds in New Brunswick (NB), Canada, to provide a regional paleo-ecotoxicological perspective on this potential legacy stressor in remote lake ecosystems. Peak sedimentary levels of p, p'- and o, p'-DDT (ΣDDT) and breakdown products ΣDDE (dichlorodiphenyldichloroethylene) and ΣDDD (dichlorodiphenyldichloroethane) generally occurred during the 1970s to 1980s. Sediments exceeded probable effect levels (PELs) by ∼450 times at the most impacted lake. Modern sediments in all study lakes still contained levels of DDT-related compounds that exceed PELs. For the first time, we show that aerial applications of DDT to eastern Canadian forests likely resulted in large shifts to primary consumers within several lake food webs, principally through lake-specific impacts on zooplankton community composition. Modern pelagic zooplankton communities are now much different compared to communities present before DDT use, suggesting that a regional organochlorine legacy may exist in the modern food webs of many remote NB lakes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joshua Kurek
- Department of Geography and Environment , Mount Allison University , 144 Main Street , Sackville , New Brunswick E4L 1A7 , Canada
| | - Paul W MacKeigan
- Department of Geography and Environment , Mount Allison University , 144 Main Street , Sackville , New Brunswick E4L 1A7 , Canada
| | - Sarah Veinot
- Canadian Rivers Institute and Department of Biological Sciences , University of New Brunswick , 100 Tucker Park Road , Saint John , New Brunswick E2L 4L5 , Canada
| | - Angella Mercer
- Canadian Rivers Institute and Department of Biological Sciences , University of New Brunswick , 100 Tucker Park Road , Saint John , New Brunswick E2L 4L5 , Canada
| | - Karen A Kidd
- Canadian Rivers Institute and Department of Biological Sciences , University of New Brunswick , 100 Tucker Park Road , Saint John , New Brunswick E2L 4L5 , Canada
- Department of Biology and School of Geography and Earth Sciences , McMaster University , 1280 Main Street West , Hamilton , Ontario L8S 4K1 , Canada
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Danion M, Le Floch S, Pannetier P, Van Arkel K, Morin T. Transchem project - Part I: Impact of long-term exposure to pendimethalin on the health status of rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss L.) genitors. AQUATIC TOXICOLOGY (AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS) 2018; 202:207-215. [PMID: 30025873 DOI: 10.1016/j.aquatox.2018.07.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2018] [Revised: 06/21/2018] [Accepted: 07/03/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Pendimethalin is a herbicide active substance commonly used in terrestrial agricultural systems and is thus detected at high concentrations in the surface water of several European countries. Previous studies reported several histopathological changes, enzymatic antioxidant modulation and immunity disturbance in fish exposed to this pesticide. The objective of this work was to investigate the direct effects of long-term exposure to environmental concentrations of pendimethalin over a period of 18 months in rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) genitors. To do so, an experimental system consisting of eight similar 400 L tanks with a flow-through of fresh river water was used to perform daily chemical contamination. Fish were exposed to 850 ng/L for one hour and the pendimethalin concentration was then gradually diluted during the day to maintain optimal conditions for the fish throughout the experiment and to achieve a mean theoretical exposure level of around 100 ng L-1 per day. Every November, males and females were stripped to collect eggs and sperm and two new first generations of offspring were obtained. Kinetic sampling revealed differences in immune system parameters and antioxidative defences in the contaminated trout compared to the controls, due to pesticide exposure combined with seasonal changes related to gamete maturation. Moreover, reproductive capacity was significantly affected by exposure to the herbicide; a time lag of more than five weeks was observed for egg maturation in contaminated females and high bioconcentrations of pendimethalin were measured in eggs and sperm. Chemical transfer from genitors to offspring via gametes may affect embryo development and negatively impact the early stages of development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Morgane Danion
- French Agency for Food, Environmental and Occupational Health & Safety (ANSES), Ploufragan-Plouzané Laboratory, Fish Viral Pathology Unit, Technopôle Brest-Iroise, 29280 Plouzané, France; European University of Brittany, France.
| | - Stéphane Le Floch
- Centre of Documentation, Research and Experimentation on Accidental Water Pollution (CEDRE), 715 Rue Alain Colas, 29200 Brest, France
| | - Pauline Pannetier
- French Agency for Food, Environmental and Occupational Health & Safety (ANSES), Ploufragan-Plouzané Laboratory, Fish Viral Pathology Unit, Technopôle Brest-Iroise, 29280 Plouzané, France; European University of Brittany, France
| | - Kim Van Arkel
- French Agency for Food, Environmental and Occupational Health & Safety (ANSES), Ploufragan-Plouzané Laboratory, Fish Viral Pathology Unit, Technopôle Brest-Iroise, 29280 Plouzané, France; European University of Brittany, France
| | - Thierry Morin
- French Agency for Food, Environmental and Occupational Health & Safety (ANSES), Ploufragan-Plouzané Laboratory, Fish Viral Pathology Unit, Technopôle Brest-Iroise, 29280 Plouzané, France; European University of Brittany, France
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Korosi JB, Thienpont JR, Smol JP, Blais JM. Paleo-ecotoxicology: What Can Lake Sediments Tell Us about Ecosystem Responses to Environmental Pollutants? ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY 2017; 51:9446-9457. [PMID: 28763202 DOI: 10.1021/acs.est.7b02375] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/22/2023]
Abstract
The development of effective risk reduction strategies for aquatic pollutants requires a comprehensive understanding of toxic impacts on ecosystems. Classical toxicological studies are effective for characterizing pollutant impacts on biota in a controlled, simplified environment. Nonetheless, it is well-acknowledged that predictions based on the results of these studies must be tested over the long-term in a natural ecosystem setting to account for increased complexity and multiple stressors. Paleolimnology (the study of lake sediment cores to reconstruct environmental change) can address many key knowledge gaps. When used as part of a weight-of-evidence framework with more traditional approaches in ecotoxicology, it can facilitate rapid advances in our understanding of the chronic effects of pollutants on ecosystems in an environmentally realistic, multistressor context. Paleolimnology played a central role in the Acid Rain debates, as it was instrumental in demonstrating industrial emissions caused acidification of lakes and associated ecosystem-wide impacts. "Resurrection Ecology" (hatching dormant resting eggs deposited in the past) records evolutionary responses of populations to chronic pollutant exposure. With recent technological advances (e.g., geochemistry, genomic approaches), combined with an emerging paleo-ecotoxicological framework that leverages strengths across multiple disciplines, paleolimnology will continue to provide valuable insights into the most pressing questions in ecotoxicology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jennifer B Korosi
- Department of Geography, York University , Toronto, Ontario Canada , M3J 1P3
| | - Joshua R Thienpont
- Department of Biology, University of Ottawa , Ottawa, Ontario Canada , K1N 6N5
| | - John P Smol
- Paleoecological Environmental Assessment and Research Lab (PEARL), Department of Biology, Queen's University , Kingston, Ontario Canada , K7L 3N6
| | - Jules M Blais
- Department of Biology, University of Ottawa , Ottawa, Ontario Canada , K1N 6N5
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