1
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Liang C, Svendsen SB, de Jonge N, Carvalho PN, Nielsen JL, Bester K. Eat seldom is better than eat frequently: Pharmaceuticals degradation kinetics, enantiomeric profiling and microorganisms in moving bed biofilm reactors are affected by feast famine cycle times. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2024; 468:133739. [PMID: 38401210 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2024.133739] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2023] [Revised: 01/05/2024] [Accepted: 02/05/2024] [Indexed: 02/26/2024]
Abstract
Feast-famine (FF) regimes improved the removal of recalcitrant pharmaceuticals in moving bed biofilm reactors (MBBRs), but the optimal FF cycle remained unresolved. The effects of FF cycle time on the removal of bulk substrates (organic carbon and nitrogen) and trace pharmaceuticals by MBBR are systematically evaluated in this study. The feast to famine ratio was fixed to 1:2 to keep the same loading rate, but the time for the FF cycles varied from 18 h to 288 h. The MBBR adapted to the longest FF cycle time (288 h equaling 48 × HRT) resulted in significantly higher degradation rates (up to +183%) for 12 out of 28 pharmaceuticals than a continuously fed (non-FF) reactor. However, other FF cycle times (18, 36, 72 and 144 h) only showed a significant up-regulation for 2-3 pharmaceuticals compared to the non-FF reactor. Enantioselective degradation of metoprolol and propranolol occurred in the second phase of a two phase degradation, which was different for the longer FF cycle time. N-oxidation and N-demethylation pathways of tramadol and venlafaxine differed across the FF cycle time suggestin the FF cycle time varied the predominant transformation pathways of pharmaceuticals. The abundance of bacteria in the biofilms varied considerably between different FF cycle times, which possibly caused the biofilm to remove more recalcitrant bulk organic C and pharmaceuticals under long cycle times.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chuanzhou Liang
- School of Resources and Environmental Engineering, Wuhan University of Technology, Luoshi Road 122, Wuhan, Hubei 430070, China; Department of Environmental Science, Aarhus University, Frederiksborgvej 399, Roskilde 4000, Denmark
| | - Sif B Svendsen
- Department of Environmental Science, Aarhus University, Frederiksborgvej 399, Roskilde 4000, Denmark
| | - Nadieh de Jonge
- Department of Chemistry and Bioscience, Aalborg University, Fredrik Bajers Vej 7H, DK-9220 Aalborg, Denmark
| | - Pedro N Carvalho
- Department of Environmental Science, Aarhus University, Frederiksborgvej 399, Roskilde 4000, Denmark
| | - Jeppe Lund Nielsen
- Department of Chemistry and Bioscience, Aalborg University, Fredrik Bajers Vej 7H, DK-9220 Aalborg, Denmark
| | - Kai Bester
- Department of Environmental Science, Aarhus University, Frederiksborgvej 399, Roskilde 4000, Denmark.
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2
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Georgin J, Franco DSP, Manzar MS, Meili L, El Messaoudi N. A critical and comprehensive review of the current status of 17β-estradiol hormone remediation through adsorption technology. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2024; 31:24679-24712. [PMID: 38488920 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-024-32876-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2023] [Accepted: 03/09/2024] [Indexed: 03/17/2024]
Abstract
Even at low concentrations, steroid hormones pose a significant threat to ecosystem health and are classified as micropollutants. Among these, 17β-estradiol (molecular formula: C18H24O2; pKa = 10.46; Log Kow = 4.01; solubility in water = 3.90 mg L-1 at 27 °C; molecular weight: 272.4 g mol-1) is extensively studied as an endocrine disruptor due to its release through natural pathways and widespread use in conventional medicine. 17β-estradiol (E2) is emitted by various sources, such as animal and human excretions, hospital and veterinary clinic effluents, and treatment plants. In aquatic biota, it can cause issues ranging from the feminization of males to inhibiting plant growth. This review aims to identify technologies for remediating E2 in water, revealing that materials like graphene oxides, nanocomposites, and carbonaceous materials are commonly used for adsorption. The pH of the medium, especially in acidic to neutral conditions, affects efficiency, and ambient temperature (298 K) supports the process. The Langmuir and Freundlich models aptly describe isothermal studies, with interactions being of a low-energy, physical nature. Adsorption faces limitations when other ions coexist in the solution. Hybrid treatments exhibit high removal efficiency. To mitigate global E2 pollution, establishing national and international standards with detailed guidelines for advanced treatment systems is crucial. Despite significant advancements in optimizing technologies by the scientific community, there remains a considerable gap in their societal application, primarily due to economic and sustainable factors. Therefore, further studies are necessary, including conducting batch experiments with these adsorbents for large-scale treatment along with economic analyses of the production process.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jordana Georgin
- Department of Civil and Environmental, Universidad de La Costa, CUC, Calle 58 # 55-66, Barranquilla, Atlántico, Colombia
| | - Dison Stracke Pfingsten Franco
- Department of Civil and Environmental, Universidad de La Costa, CUC, Calle 58 # 55-66, Barranquilla, Atlántico, Colombia
| | - Mohammad Saood Manzar
- Department of Environmental Engineering, College of Engineering, Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal University, 31451, Dammam, Saudi Arabia
| | - Lucas Meili
- Laboratory of Processes, Center of Technology, Federal University of Alagoas Campus A. C. Simões, Av. Lourival Melo Mota, Tabuleiro Dos Martins, Maceió, AL, 57072-970, Brazil
| | - Noureddine El Messaoudi
- Laboratory of Applied Chemistry and Environment, Faculty of Sciences, Ibn Zohr, University, 80000, Agadir, Morocco.
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3
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Ahmadi N, Abbasi M, Torabian A, van Loosdrecht MCM, Ducoste J. Biotransformation of micropollutants in moving bed biofilm reactors under heterotrophic and autotrophic conditions. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2023; 460:132232. [PMID: 37690201 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2023.132232] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2023] [Revised: 07/06/2023] [Accepted: 08/04/2023] [Indexed: 09/12/2023]
Abstract
We investigated the transformation of four pharmaceuticals (Diclofenac, Naproxen, Ibuprofen and Carbamazepine) in a moving bed biofilm reactor subjected to different COD/N ratios in four experimental phases. The shift from medium to high range COD/N ratio (i.e., 5:1 to 100:1) intensified the competition between heterotrophs and nitrifying communities, leading to a transition from co-existence of heterotrophic and autotrophic conditions with high COD removal and nitrification rate in phase I to dominant heterotrophic conditions in phase II. At lower range COD/N ratios (i.e., 1:2 and 1:8) in phase III and IV, autotrophic conditions prevailed, resulting in increased nitrification rates and high abundance of amoA gene in the biofilm. Such shifts in the operating condition were accompanied by notable changes in the biofilm concentrations, composition and abundance of microbial populations as well as biodiversity in the biofilms, which collectively affected the degradation rates of the pharmaceuticals. We observed higher kinetic rates per unit of biofilm concentration under autotrophic conditions compared to heterotrophic conditions for all compounds except Naproxen, indicating the importance of nitrification in the transformation of such compounds. The results also revealed a positive relationship between biodiversity and biomass-normalized kinetic rates of most compounds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Navid Ahmadi
- School of Environment, College of Engineering, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran.
| | - Mona Abbasi
- School of Environment, College of Engineering, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran
| | - Ali Torabian
- School of Environment, College of Engineering, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mark C M van Loosdrecht
- Department of Biotechnology, Delft University of Technology, Van der Maasweg 9, 2629Hz Delft, the Netherlands
| | - Joel Ducoste
- Department of Civil, Construction and Environmental Engineering, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC 27695, USA
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4
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Mou Y, Liu N, Lu T, Jia C, Xu C, Song M. The effects of carbon nitrogen ratio and salinity on the treatment of swine digestion effluent simultaneously producing bioenergy by microalgae biofilm. CHEMOSPHERE 2023; 339:139694. [PMID: 37536538 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2023.139694] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2023] [Revised: 07/12/2023] [Accepted: 07/30/2023] [Indexed: 08/05/2023]
Abstract
In order to remove high concentrations of ammonia nitrogen (NH4+-N) and refractory sulfamethazine (SM2) from swine digestion effluent, different carbon/nitrogen (C/N) ratios and salinity were used to determine the effects of pollutants removal in the microalgae biofilm system. Microalgae biofilm treatment under optimal environmental conditions in synthetic swine digestion effluent were C/N ratio of 20 and salinity of 140 mM. In order to make the actual swine digestion effluent discharge up to the standard, three different two-cycle treatments (suspended microalgae, microalgae biofilm, microalgae biofilm under the optimal conditions) were studied. The results showed that after two-cycle treatment with microalgae biofilm under the optimal conditions, the actual swine digestion effluent levels of total nitrogen (TN), NH4+-N, total phosphorus (TP), chemical oxygen demand (COD), SM2 were 22.65, 9.32, 4.11, 367.28, and 0.99 mg L-1, respectively, which could satisfy the discharge standards for livestock and poultry wastewater in China. At the same time, first-order kinetic simulation equations suggested a degradation half-life of 4.85 d for SM2 under optimal conditions in microalgae biofilm, and microbial community analysis indicated that the dominant genus was Halomonas. Furthermore, 35.66% of lipid, 32.56% of protein and 18.44% of polysaccharides were harvested after two-cycle in microalgae biofilm treatment under optimal environmental conditions. These results indicated that the regulation of C/N and salinity in microalgae biofilm for the treatment of swine digestion effluent was a high-efficiency strategy to simultaneously achieve wastewater treatment and bioenergy production.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yiwen Mou
- School of Environmental Science & Engineering, Qilu University of Technology (Shandong Academy of Sciences), Jinan, Shandong, 250353, PR China
| | - Na Liu
- School of Environmental Science & Engineering, Qilu University of Technology (Shandong Academy of Sciences), Jinan, Shandong, 250353, PR China
| | - Tianxiang Lu
- School of Environmental Science & Engineering, Qilu University of Technology (Shandong Academy of Sciences), Jinan, Shandong, 250353, PR China
| | - Cong Jia
- School of Environmental Science & Engineering, Qilu University of Technology (Shandong Academy of Sciences), Jinan, Shandong, 250353, PR China
| | - Chongqing Xu
- School of Environmental Science & Engineering, Qilu University of Technology (Shandong Academy of Sciences), Jinan, Shandong, 250353, PR China; Ecology Institute of Shandong Academy of Sciences, Qilu University of Technology (Shandong Academy of Sciences), Jinan, Shandong, 250013, PR China
| | - Mingming Song
- School of Environmental Science & Engineering, Qilu University of Technology (Shandong Academy of Sciences), Jinan, Shandong, 250353, PR China.
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5
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Muñoz-Vega E, Schulz S, Rodriguez-Escales P, Behle V, Spada L, Vogel AL, Sanchez-Vila X, Schüth C. Role of Soil Biofilms in Clogging and Fate of Pharmaceuticals: A Laboratory-Scale Column Experiment. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY 2023; 57:12398-12410. [PMID: 37558209 PMCID: PMC10448752 DOI: 10.1021/acs.est.3c02034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2023] [Revised: 07/20/2023] [Accepted: 07/21/2023] [Indexed: 08/11/2023]
Abstract
Contamination of groundwater with pharmaceutical active compounds (PhACs) increased over the last decades. Potential pathways of PhACs to groundwater include techniques such as irrigation, managed aquifer recharge, or bank filtration as well as natural processes such as losing streams of PhACs-loaded source waters. Usually, these systems are characterized by redox-active zones, where microorganisms grow and become immobilized by the formation of biofilms, structures that colonize the pore space and decrease the infiltration capacities, a phenomenon known as bioclogging. The goal of this work is to gain a deeper understanding of the influence of soil biofilms on hydraulic conductivity reduction and the fate of PhACs in the subsurface. For this purpose, we selected three PhACs with different physicochemical properties (carbamazepine, diclofenac, and metoprolol) and performed batch and column experiments using a natural soil, as it is and with the organic matter removed, under different biological conditions. We observed enhanced sorption and biodegradation for all PhACs in the system with higher biological activity. Bioclogging was more prevalent in the absence of organic matter. Our results differ from works using artificial porous media and thus reveal the importance of utilizing natural soils with organic matter in studies designed to assess the role of soil biofilms in bioclogging and the fate of PhACs in soils.
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Affiliation(s)
- Edinsson Muñoz-Vega
- Institute
of Applied Geosciences, Technische Universität
Darmstadt, Darmstadt 64287, Germany
| | - Stephan Schulz
- Institute
of Applied Geosciences, Technische Universität
Darmstadt, Darmstadt 64287, Germany
| | - Paula Rodriguez-Escales
- Department
of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Universitat Politècnica de Catalunya, Barcelona 08034, Spain
- Hydrogeology
Group (UPC−CSIC), Barcelona 08034, Spain
| | - Vera Behle
- Department
of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Universitat Politècnica de Catalunya, Barcelona 08034, Spain
| | - Lucas Spada
- Institute
for Atmospheric and Environmental Sciences, Goethe-University Frankfurt, Frankfurt
am Main 60438, Germany
| | - Alexander L. Vogel
- Institute
for Atmospheric and Environmental Sciences, Goethe-University Frankfurt, Frankfurt
am Main 60438, Germany
| | - Xavier Sanchez-Vila
- Department
of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Universitat Politècnica de Catalunya, Barcelona 08034, Spain
- Hydrogeology
Group (UPC−CSIC), Barcelona 08034, Spain
| | - Christoph Schüth
- Institute
of Applied Geosciences, Technische Universität
Darmstadt, Darmstadt 64287, Germany
- Water
Resources Management Division, IWW Water
Centre, Mülheim
an der Ruhr 45476, Germany
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6
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Zhu L, Ma J, Yuan H, Deng L, Shi Z, He Q, Ke S. Effects of successional sulfadiazine exposure on biofilm in moving bed biofilm reactor: Secretion of extracellular polymeric substances, community activity and functional gene expression. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2023; 380:129092. [PMID: 37100294 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2023.129092] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2023] [Revised: 04/07/2023] [Accepted: 04/22/2023] [Indexed: 05/14/2023]
Abstract
The effects of sulfadiazine (SDZ) on responses of biofilm in a moving bed biofilm reactor were explored with emphasis on the changes in extracellular polymeric substances (EPS) and functional genes. It was found that 3 to 10 mg/L SDZ reduced the protein (PN) and polysaccharide (PS) contents of EPS by 28.7%-55.1% and 33.3%-61.4%, respectively. The EPS maintained high ratio of PN to PS (10.3-15.1), and the major functional groups within EPS remained unaffected to SDZ. Bioinformatics analysis showed that SDZ significantly altered the community activity such as increased expression of s_Alcaligenes faecali. Totally, the biofilm held high SDZ removal rates, which were ascribed to the self-protection by secreted EPS, and genes levels upregulation of antibiotic resistance and transporter protein. Collectively, this study provides more details on the biofilm community exposure to an antibiotic and highlights the role of EPS and functional genes in antibiotic removal.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liang Zhu
- Hunan Engineering Research Center of Water Security Technology and Application, College of Civil Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha 410082, China; Key Laboratory of Building Safety and Energy Efficiency, Ministry of Education, Department of Water Engineering and Science, College of Civil Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha 410082, China
| | - Jingwei Ma
- Hunan Engineering Research Center of Water Security Technology and Application, College of Civil Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha 410082, China; Key Laboratory of Building Safety and Energy Efficiency, Ministry of Education, Department of Water Engineering and Science, College of Civil Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha 410082, China.
| | - Huizhou Yuan
- School of Materials & Environmental Engineering, Shenzhen Polytechnic, Shenzhen 518055, China
| | - Lin Deng
- Hunan Engineering Research Center of Water Security Technology and Application, College of Civil Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha 410082, China; Key Laboratory of Building Safety and Energy Efficiency, Ministry of Education, Department of Water Engineering and Science, College of Civil Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha 410082, China
| | - Zhou Shi
- Hunan Engineering Research Center of Water Security Technology and Application, College of Civil Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha 410082, China; Key Laboratory of Building Safety and Energy Efficiency, Ministry of Education, Department of Water Engineering and Science, College of Civil Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha 410082, China
| | - Qiulai He
- Hunan Engineering Research Center of Water Security Technology and Application, College of Civil Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha 410082, China; Key Laboratory of Building Safety and Energy Efficiency, Ministry of Education, Department of Water Engineering and Science, College of Civil Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha 410082, China.
| | - Shuizhou Ke
- Hunan Engineering Research Center of Water Security Technology and Application, College of Civil Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha 410082, China; Key Laboratory of Building Safety and Energy Efficiency, Ministry of Education, Department of Water Engineering and Science, College of Civil Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha 410082, China
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7
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Wang Y, Lin R, Cao Y, Li S, Cui R, Guo W, Ho SH, Kit Leong Y, Lee DJ, Chang JS. Simultaneous Removal of Sulfamethoxazole during Fermentative Production of Short-Chain Fatty Acids. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2023:129317. [PMID: 37315625 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2023.129317] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/14/2023] [Revised: 06/08/2023] [Accepted: 06/10/2023] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
This study explores the simultaneous sulfamethoxazole (SMX) removal and short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs) production by a Clostridium sensu stricto-dominated microbial consortium. SMX is a commonly prescribed and persistent antimicrobial agent frequently detected in aquatic environments, while the prevalence of antibiotic-resistant genes limits the biological removal of SMX. Under strictly anaerobic conditions, sequencing batch cultivation coupled with co-metabolism resulted in the production of butyric acid, valeric acid, succinic acid, and caproic acid. Continuous cultivation in a CSTR achieved a maximum butyric acid production rate and yield of 0.167 g/L/h and 9.56 mg/g COD, respectively, while achieving a maximum SMX degradation rate and removal capacity of 116.06 mg/L/h and 55.8 g SMX/g biomass. Furthermore, continuous anaerobic fermentation reduced sul genes prevalence, thus limiting the transmission of antibiotic resistance genes during antibiotic degradation. These findings suggest a promising approach for efficient antibiotic elimination while simultaneously producing valuable products (e.g., SCFAs).
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Affiliation(s)
- Yue Wang
- School of Environmental and Materials Engineering, Yantai University, Yantai 264000, China
| | - Rongrong Lin
- School of Environmental and Materials Engineering, Yantai University, Yantai 264000, China
| | - Yushuang Cao
- School of Environmental and Materials Engineering, Yantai University, Yantai 264000, China
| | - Shuangfei Li
- College of Life Sciences and Oceanography, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, China
| | - Rong Cui
- School of Environmental and Materials Engineering, Yantai University, Yantai 264000, China
| | - Wanqian Guo
- State Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resource and Environment, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150090, China
| | - Shih-Hsin Ho
- State Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resource and Environment, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150090, China
| | - Yoong Kit Leong
- Department of Chemical and Materials Engineering, Tunghai University, Taichung 407, Taiwan; Research Center for Smart Sustainable Circular Economy, Tunghai University, Taichung 407, Taiwan
| | - Duu-Jong Lee
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, City University of Hong Kong, Kowloon Tang, Hong Kong
| | - Jo-Shu Chang
- Department of Chemical and Materials Engineering, Tunghai University, Taichung 407, Taiwan; Research Center for Smart Sustainable Circular Economy, Tunghai University, Taichung 407, Taiwan; Department of Chemical Engineering, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan; Department of Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Yuan Ze University, Chung-Li, Taiwan.
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8
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Kalantari M, Moghaddam SS, Vafaei F. Global research trends in petrochemical wastewater treatment from 2000 to 2021. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2023; 30:9369-9388. [PMID: 36502475 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-022-24553-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/13/2022] [Accepted: 11/29/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Petrochemical wastewater (PWW) is a huge industrial contaminant that generates a wide range of resistive and poisonous organic pollutants that harm animals and plants in natural water bodies when discharged untreated or partially treated. Therefore, it is vital to develop technologies that are simple, efficient, and profitable for the treatment of oily wastewater. Although much study has been undertaken on the treatment of PWW, there has not been any recent work on bibliometric analysis of global research trends on this issue. A bibliometric analysis will help current and future researchers figure out where the gaps are and how to fill them. The present study's focus is to examine the characteristics and trends of research on oily wastewater treatment with an emphasis on the treatment of PWW. This research was performed on five important aspects, including characterization of research publications, countries' performances and collaborations, an analysis of the best papers with the most citations, keyword analysis (including frequency distribution of the keyword analysis, the transformation of the keyword combination across time, and exploration of changes in rank over time), and journal analysis, according to the 2457 papers in the Science Citation Index Expanded using the Web of Science (WoS) database from 2000 to 2021. For further analysis, the contingency matrix, bump diagram, and inter-temporal network stream were employed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mahdi Kalantari
- Faculty of Civil Engineering, K. N. Toosi University of Technology, Mirdamad Intersection, Valiasr St, No. 1346, Tehran, Iran
| | - Shabnam Sadri Moghaddam
- Faculty of Civil Engineering, K. N. Toosi University of Technology, Mirdamad Intersection, Valiasr St, No. 1346, Tehran, Iran.
| | - Fereidon Vafaei
- Faculty of Civil Engineering, K. N. Toosi University of Technology, Mirdamad Intersection, Valiasr St, No. 1346, Tehran, Iran
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9
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Liang C, Carvalho PN, Bester K. Effects of substrate loading on co-metabolic transformation pathways and removal rates of pharmaceuticals in biofilm reactors. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2022; 853:158607. [PMID: 36089036 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2022.158607] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2022] [Revised: 09/03/2022] [Accepted: 09/04/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
This study focused on the effects of substrate (raw wastewater) on the biological removal of 20 pharmaceuticals in moving bed biofilm reactors. This is the first study discriminating experimentally between effects of adaptation (45 d) and stimulation (100 h) on the removal of micropollutants. The results presented in this paper show: i) Tramadol and venlafaxine are subject to microbial N-oxidation (besides the known demethylation). ii) Changes in substrate loading, changed the preferential degradation pathways, e.g., from N-oxidation (under starvation) to N-demethylation of both model compounds: tramadol and venlafaxine, during adaptation and stimulation to high substrate supply. iii) In starving biofilms, the effects of stimulation on removal rates are minor (-100 to +150 %) in comparison to those caused by adaptation (-100 to +700 %). iv) Adaptation to high loadings resulted in increased removal rates (up to 700 % in selected cases) v) Adaptation to high loadings followed by high loading of stimulation, resulted in the highest increase of removal rates (+49 % to +1800 %) for hard-to-degrade compounds (e.g., diclofenac). All in all, this study shows that the efficiency of biofilm reactors is heavily dependent on their adaptation to substrate.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chuanzhou Liang
- School of Resources and Environmental Engineering, Wuhan University of Technology, Luoshi Road 122, Wuhan, Hubei 430070, China; Department of Environmental Science, Aarhus University, Frederiksborgvej 399, Roskilde 4000, Denmark
| | - Pedro N Carvalho
- Department of Environmental Science, Aarhus University, Frederiksborgvej 399, Roskilde 4000, Denmark; WATEC - Centre for Water Technology, Aarhus University, Ny Munkegade 120, Aarhus 8000, Denmark
| | - Kai Bester
- Department of Environmental Science, Aarhus University, Frederiksborgvej 399, Roskilde 4000, Denmark; WATEC - Centre for Water Technology, Aarhus University, Ny Munkegade 120, Aarhus 8000, Denmark.
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10
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Liu Z, Solliec M, Papineau I, Lompe KM, Mohseni M, Bérubé PR, Sauvé S, Barbeau B. Elucidating the removal of organic micropollutants on biological ion exchange resins. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2022; 808:152137. [PMID: 34864032 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2021.152137] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2021] [Revised: 11/14/2021] [Accepted: 11/28/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Biological ion exchange (BIEX) refers to operating ion exchange (IX) filters with infrequent regeneration to favor the microbial growth on resin surface and thereby contribute to the removal of organic matter through biodegradation. However, the extent of biodegradation on BIEX resins is still debatable due to the difficulty in discriminating between biodegradation and IX. The objective of the present study was to evaluate the performance of BIEX resins for the removal of organic micropollutants and thereby validate the occurrence of biodegradation. The removals of biodegradable micropollutants (neutral: caffeine and estradiol; negative: ibuprofen and naproxen) and nonbiodegradable micropollutants with different charges (neutral: atrazine and thiamethoxam; negative: PFOA and PFOS) were respectively monitored during batch tests with biotic and abiotic BIEX resins. Results demonstrated that biodegradation contributed to the removal of caffeine, estradiol, and ibuprofen, confirming that biodegradation occurred on the BIEX resins. Furthermore, biodegradation contributed to a lower extent to the removal of naproxen probably due to the absence of an adapted bacterial community (Biotic: 49% vs Abiotic: 38% after 24 h batch test). The removal of naproxen, PFOS, and PFOA were attributable to ion exchange with previously retained natural organic matter on BIEX resins. Nonbiodegradable and neutral micropollutants (atrazine and thiamethoxam) were minimally (6%-10%) removed during the batch tests. Overall, the present study corroborates that biomass found on BIEX resins contribute to the removal of micropollutants through biodegradation and ion exchange resins can be used as biomass support for biofiltration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhen Liu
- Department of Chemistry, Université de Montréal, Montréal, QC H2V 0B3, Canada; NSERC-Industrial Chair on Drinking Water, Department of Civil, Mining and Geological Engineering, Polytechnique Montréal, Montréal, QC H3T 1J4, Canada.
| | - Morgan Solliec
- NSERC-Industrial Chair on Drinking Water, Department of Civil, Mining and Geological Engineering, Polytechnique Montréal, Montréal, QC H3T 1J4, Canada.
| | - Isabelle Papineau
- NSERC-Industrial Chair on Drinking Water, Department of Civil, Mining and Geological Engineering, Polytechnique Montréal, Montréal, QC H3T 1J4, Canada.
| | - Kim M Lompe
- Department of Water Management, Delft University of Technology, 2600 GA Delft, the Netherlands.
| | - Madjid Mohseni
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC V6T 1Z4, Canada.
| | - Pierre R Bérubé
- Department of Civil Engineering, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC V6T 1Z4, Canada.
| | - Sébastien Sauvé
- Department of Chemistry, Université de Montréal, Montréal, QC H2V 0B3, Canada.
| | - Benoit Barbeau
- NSERC-Industrial Chair on Drinking Water, Department of Civil, Mining and Geological Engineering, Polytechnique Montréal, Montréal, QC H3T 1J4, Canada.
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11
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Mojiri A, Zhou JL, Ratnaweera H, Rezania S, Nazari V M. Pharmaceuticals and personal care products in aquatic environments and their removal by algae-based systems. CHEMOSPHERE 2022; 288:132580. [PMID: 34687686 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2021.132580] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2021] [Revised: 10/04/2021] [Accepted: 10/13/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
The consumption of pharmaceuticals and personal care products (PPCPs) has been widely increasing, yet up to 90-95% of PPCPs consumed by human are excreted unmetabolized. Moreover, the most of PPCPs cannot be fully removed by wastewater treatment plants (WWTPs), which release PPCPs to natural water bodies, affecting aquatic ecosystems and potentially humans. This study sought to review the occurrence of PPCPs in natural water bodies globally, and assess the effects of important factors on the fluxes of pollutants into receiving waterways. The highest ibuprofen concentration (3738 ng/L) in tap water was reported in Nigeria, and the highest naproxen concentration (37,700 ng/L) was reported in groundwater wells in Penn State, USA. Moreover, the PPCPs have affected aquatic organisms such as fish. For instance, up to 24.4 × 103 ng/g of atenolol was detected in P. lineatus. Amongst different technologies to eliminate PPCPs, algae-based systems are environmentally friendly and effective because of the photosynthetic ability of algae to absorb CO2 and their flexibility to grow in different wastewater. Up to 99% of triclosan and less than 10% of trimethoprim were removed by Nannochloris sp., green algae. Moreover, variable concentrations of PPCPs might adversely affect the growth and production of algae. The exposure of algae to high concentrations of PPCPs can reduce the content of chlorophyll and protein due to producing reactive oxygen species (ROS), and affecting expression of some genes in chlorophyll (rbcL, psbA, psaB and psbc).
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Affiliation(s)
- Amin Mojiri
- Faculty of Sciences and Technology, Norwegian University of Life Sciences, 1430, Ås, Norway; Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Graduate School of Advanced Science and Engineering, Hiroshima University, 1-4-1 Kagamiyama, Higashihiroshima, 739-8527, Japan.
| | - John L Zhou
- School of Civil and Environmental Engineering, University of Technology Sydney, Sydney, NSW, 2007, Australia.
| | - Harsha Ratnaweera
- Faculty of Sciences and Technology, Norwegian University of Life Sciences, 1430, Ås, Norway
| | - Shahabaldin Rezania
- Department of Environment and Energy, Sejong University, Seoul, 05006, South Korea
| | - Mansoureh Nazari V
- School of Pharmacy, University of 17 August 1945, Jakarta, 14350, Indonesia
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12
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Liang D, Hu Y, Huang R, Cheng J, Chen Y. Effects of various antibiotics on aerobic nitrogen removal and antibiotic degradation performance: Mechanism, degradation pathways, and microbial community evolution. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2022; 422:126818. [PMID: 34390955 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2021.126818] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/19/2021] [Revised: 07/08/2021] [Accepted: 08/02/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Little information about the selective stress of various antibiotics and how they influence different stages of aerobic nitrogen removal is available. A long-term aerobic nitrogen removal-moving bed biofilm reactor was established by the inoculation of Achromobacter sp. JL9, capable of heterotrophic nitrification and aerobic denitrification, and aerobic activated sludge. The nitrogen removal and antibiotic degradation performances of various antibiotics were then measured. High total nitrogen (91.83% and 91.51%) removal efficiencies were achieved with sulfamethoxazole or no antibiotics, and lower efficiencies were observed with other antibiotics (trimethoprim, teicoplanin, and ciprofloxacin). These results suggest that various antibiotics have different selective inhibitory effects on aerobic nitrogen removal. Additionally, all antibiotics were partly degraded; proposed degradation pathways according to the detected intermediates included ring-opening, S-N bond cleavage, amination, hydroxylation, and methylation. High-throughput sequencing indicated that aerobic denitrifying, recalcitrant pollutant degrading, and antibiotic-resistant bacteria dominate during the community evolution process.
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Affiliation(s)
- Donghui Liang
- School of Environment and Energy, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou Higher Education Mega Centre, Guangzhou 510006, PR China; The Key Lab of Pollution Control and Ecosystem Restoration in Industry Clusters, Ministry of Education, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou Higher Education Mega Centre, Guangzhou 510006, PR China.
| | - Yongyou Hu
- School of Environment and Energy, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou Higher Education Mega Centre, Guangzhou 510006, PR China; The Key Lab of Pollution Control and Ecosystem Restoration in Industry Clusters, Ministry of Education, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou Higher Education Mega Centre, Guangzhou 510006, PR China.
| | - Ruzhen Huang
- School of Environment South China Normal University, Guangzhou Higher Education Mega Centre, Guangzhou 510006, PR China.
| | - Jianhua Cheng
- School of Environment and Energy, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou Higher Education Mega Centre, Guangzhou 510006, PR China; The Key Lab of Pollution Control and Ecosystem Restoration in Industry Clusters, Ministry of Education, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou Higher Education Mega Centre, Guangzhou 510006, PR China.
| | - Yuancai Chen
- School of Environment and Energy, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou Higher Education Mega Centre, Guangzhou 510006, PR China; The Key Lab of Pollution Control and Ecosystem Restoration in Industry Clusters, Ministry of Education, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou Higher Education Mega Centre, Guangzhou 510006, PR China.
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13
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Effect of biofilm media application on biomass characteristics and membrane permeability in the biological spatiotemporal phase-separation process. Biochem Eng J 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bej.2021.108232] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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14
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Dan NH, Le Luu T. High organic removal of landfill leachate using a continuous flow sequencing batch biofilm reactor (CF-SBBR) with different biocarriers. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2021; 787:147680. [PMID: 34004532 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2021.147680] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2021] [Revised: 05/06/2021] [Accepted: 05/06/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Landfill leachate contains many pollutants that have a negative effect on the environment when improperly discharged. Thus the treatment of landfill leachate is a crucial issue, especially in the bigger cities in developing countries. In this study, landfill leachate is treated using a continuous flow sequencing biofilm batch reactor (CF-SBBR) with different biocarriers (non-carrier (NC), kaldness K1 (K1), mutag biochip 30™ (MB), and sponge polyurethane (SP)). The results show that the best COD, TOC, and NH4+-N removal efficiencies were 79.6 ± 0.8%, 78.1 ± 1.9% and 77.5 ± 3.9% in the MB biocarriers tank with an aeration/mixing ratio of 1.3, a cycle time of 9 h and an organic loading rate (OLR) of 1.74 kgCOD/m3.d. The TN removal efficiencies was decreased when there was an increase in the biocarrier's surface area (NC > K1 > MB > SP). At the highest it was 46.1 ± 6.4%, where the aeration/mixing ratio was 1.3, the cycle time was 9 h, and the OLR was 1.52 kgCOD/m3.d. The higher the surface area of the biocarriers, the greater the anti-shock organic loading capacity of the biocarriers due to the formation of biofilm layers. The microbial communities in the CF-SBBR tanks were abundant with common phylum bacteria as in a conventional activated sludge system. Anammox candidatus bacteria was found to total 0.5%. This study concluded that CF-SBBR is an efficient method to treat landfill leachate.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nguyen Hong Dan
- Institute for Environment and Resources, Vietnam National University of Ho Chi Minh City, Viet Nam
| | - Tran Le Luu
- Master Program in Water Technology, Reuse, and Management, Vietnamese German University, 2-Le Lai Street, Hoa Phu Ward, Thu Dau Mot City, Binh Duong Province 820000, Viet Nam.
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15
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Bouteh E, Ahmadi N, Abbasi M, Torabian A, van Loosdrecht MCM, Ducoste J. Biodegradation of organophosphorus pesticides in moving bed biofilm reactors: Analysis of microbial community and biodegradation pathways. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2021; 408:124950. [PMID: 33385721 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2020.124950] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2020] [Revised: 12/08/2020] [Accepted: 12/22/2020] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
We investigated the performance of a lab-scale moving bed biofilm reactor (MBBR) with respect to general bioconversion processes and biotransformation of two commonly used organophosphorus pesticides, Chlorpyrifos (CHL) and Malathion (MAL). The reactor was operated for 300 days under different organic loads by changing hydraulic retention time (HRT). The decrease in organic load resulted in the formation of a thinner biofilm and the growth of more biomass in the bulk, which greatly shifted bioconversion processes. The low organic loading supported more nitrification in the reactor, but an opposite trend was observed for denitrification, which was enhanced at higher organic loading where the formation of anoxic zones in the thick biofilm was favored. 70% and 55% removal corresponding to 210 and 165 µg/m2/d occurred for MAL and CHL, respectively, at an HRT of 3 h and progressively increased with higher HRTs. Phylogenetic analysis revealed a shift in composition and abundance of taxa throughout the reactor operation where lower loading rate supported the growth of a more diverse and evenly distributed community. The analysis also highlighted the dominance of heterotrophic communities such as Flavobacterium and Acinetobacter johnsonii, which could be involved in the biotransformation of CHL and MAL through co-metabolism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ehsan Bouteh
- School of Environment, College of Engineering, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran.
| | - Navid Ahmadi
- School of Environment, College of Engineering, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mona Abbasi
- School of Environment, College of Engineering, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran
| | - Ali Torabian
- School of Environment, College of Engineering, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mark C M van Loosdrecht
- Department of Biotechnology, Delft University of Technology, Van der Maasweg 9, 2629 Hz Delft, the Netherlands
| | - Joel Ducoste
- Department of Civil, Construction and Environmental Engineering, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC 27695, USA
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16
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Kennes-Veiga DM, Gonzalez-Gil L, Carballa M, Lema JM. The organic loading rate affects organic micropollutants' cometabolic biotransformation kinetics under heterotrophic conditions in activated sludge. WATER RESEARCH 2021; 189:116587. [PMID: 33188990 DOI: 10.1016/j.watres.2020.116587] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2020] [Revised: 10/27/2020] [Accepted: 10/31/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Several studies have shown that organic micropollutants (OMPs) are biotransformed cometabolically in activated sludge systems. However, the individual role of heterotrophs in the microbial consortium is still not clear, i.e., there is still a gap regarding the influence of the heterotrophic activity on the cometabolic biotransformation kinetics and yield of the OMPs. Aiming to answer these questions, experiments with increasing primary substrate concentrations were performed under aerobic heterotrophic conditions in a continuous stirred tank reactor operated at several organic loading rates (OLR) with fixed hydraulic retention time. Moreover, the individual kinetic parameters were determined in batch assays with different initial substrate concentrations using the sludges from the continuous reactor. A set of 15 OMPs displaying a variety of physicochemical properties were spiked to the feeding in the ng L-1 - µg L-1 range. Results reveal that the biodegradation of the primary carbon source and the biotransformation of the OMPs occur simultaneously, in clear evidence of cometabolic behavior. Moreover, we conclude that the OMPs biotransformation kinetic constant (kbiol) shows a linear dependence with the OLR of the primary substrate for most of the compounds studied, suggesting that the heterotrophic activity seriously affects the OMPs biotransformation kinetics. However, under typical activated sludge systems operating conditions (hydraulic retention times above 8 h), their biotransformation yield would not be significantly affected.
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Affiliation(s)
- David M Kennes-Veiga
- CRETUS Institute, Department of Chemical Engineering, Universidade de Santiago de Compostela, 15782 Santiago de Compostela, Galicia, Spain.
| | - Lorena Gonzalez-Gil
- Defence University Centre, Spanish Naval Academy, Plaza de España, 36920 Marín, Spain
| | - Marta Carballa
- CRETUS Institute, Department of Chemical Engineering, Universidade de Santiago de Compostela, 15782 Santiago de Compostela, Galicia, Spain
| | - Juan M Lema
- CRETUS Institute, Department of Chemical Engineering, Universidade de Santiago de Compostela, 15782 Santiago de Compostela, Galicia, Spain
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17
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Edefell E, Falås P, Kharel S, Hagman M, Christensson M, Cimbritz M, Bester K. MBBRs as post-treatment to ozonation: Degradation of transformation products and ozone-resistant micropollutants. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2021; 754:142103. [PMID: 32920394 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2020.142103] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/04/2020] [Revised: 08/14/2020] [Accepted: 08/29/2020] [Indexed: 05/12/2023]
Abstract
The degradation potential of micropollutants and transformation products in biological post-treatment after ozonation is partly unknown. A pilot plant with ozonation and subsequent biological treatment in a moving bed biofilm reactor (MBBR) was thus operated over 16 months to investigate the removal of micropollutants and the formation and removal of N-oxide transformation products. Lab-scale kinetic experiments were performed in parallel. At a moderate ozone dose of 0.5 g O3 g-1 DOC, further degradation of gabapentin and 3 iodinated contrast media (iomeprol, iopamidol, and iohexol) could be induced by the biofilm at prolonged exposure times. To facilitate comparison of feeding regimens in biofilm systems a new surface-related degradation rate constant was introduced. The availability of substrates in the pilot MBBR influenced the micropollutant degradation kinetics with increasing and decreasing degradation rates. N-oxides from erythromycin, clarithromycin, tramadol, and venlafaxine were formed during ozonation and could not be degraded by the biofilm.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ellen Edefell
- Sweden Water Research AB, Ideon Science Park, Scheelevägen 15, 223 70 Lund, Sweden; Department of Chemical Engineering, Lund University, PO Box 124, 221 00 Lund, Sweden.
| | - Per Falås
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Lund University, PO Box 124, 221 00 Lund, Sweden
| | - Suman Kharel
- Department of Environmental Science, Aarhus University, Frederiksborgsvej 399, 4000 Roskilde, Denmark
| | - Marinette Hagman
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Lund University, PO Box 124, 221 00 Lund, Sweden
| | - Magnus Christensson
- Veolia Water Technologies AB, AnoxKaldnes, Klosterängsvägen 11A, 226 47 Lund, Sweden
| | - Michael Cimbritz
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Lund University, PO Box 124, 221 00 Lund, Sweden
| | - Kai Bester
- Department of Environmental Science, Aarhus University, Frederiksborgsvej 399, 4000 Roskilde, Denmark
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18
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Shitu A, Zhu S, Qi W, Tadda MA, Liu D, Ye Z. Performance of novel sponge biocarrier in MBBR treating recirculating aquaculture systems wastewater: Microbial community and kinetic study. JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT 2020; 275:111264. [PMID: 32854050 DOI: 10.1016/j.jenvman.2020.111264] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2020] [Revised: 06/30/2020] [Accepted: 08/17/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
In this study, a novel sponge biocarriers (SB) in moving bed bioreactor (MBBR) treating recirculating aquaculture systems wastewater was evaluated for the first time. Two lab-scale MBBRs were operated simultaneously for 116 days under various hydraulic retention times (HRTs). The reactors R1 and R2 were filled with K5 plastic carriers and SB, respectively. From the results, at an optimum HRT of 6 h, ammonia removal efficiency and nitrification rate were 86.67 ± 2.4% and 1.43 mg/L.h for the R1 and, 91.65 ± 1.3% and 1.52 mg/L.h for the R2, respectively. The microbial community analysis showed that the predominant genera in the nitrifying community were Nitrosomonas (AOB) and Nitrospira (NOB) in co-existence with heterotrophic genera Hyphomicrobium, Mesorhizobium, Zhizhongheella, and Klebsiella spp. Modified Stover-Kincannon model examined the ammonia removal kinetics, and the values of kinetic parameters obtained were Umax: 0.909 and 1.111 g/L.d and KB: 0.929 and, 1.108 g/L.d for the R1 and R2, respectively. The correlation coefficients (R2) of the MBBRs were higher than 0.98, indicating that the model adequately described the experimental data. Overall, MBBR, filled with the proposed novel SB operated at 6 h HRT, can achieve the highest nitrification performance and increase the diversity of the functional microbial communities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abubakar Shitu
- College of Bio-systems Engineering and Food Science, Zhejiang University, Key Laboratory of Equipment and Informatization in Environment Controlled Agriculture, Ministry of Agriculture, Hangzhou, 310058, China; Department of Agricultural and Environmental Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Bayero University, Kano, Nigeria
| | - Songming Zhu
- College of Bio-systems Engineering and Food Science, Zhejiang University, Key Laboratory of Equipment and Informatization in Environment Controlled Agriculture, Ministry of Agriculture, Hangzhou, 310058, China.
| | - Wanhe Qi
- College of Bio-systems Engineering and Food Science, Zhejiang University, Key Laboratory of Equipment and Informatization in Environment Controlled Agriculture, Ministry of Agriculture, Hangzhou, 310058, China
| | - Musa Abubakar Tadda
- College of Bio-systems Engineering and Food Science, Zhejiang University, Key Laboratory of Equipment and Informatization in Environment Controlled Agriculture, Ministry of Agriculture, Hangzhou, 310058, China; Department of Agricultural and Environmental Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Bayero University, Kano, Nigeria
| | - Dezhao Liu
- College of Bio-systems Engineering and Food Science, Zhejiang University, Key Laboratory of Equipment and Informatization in Environment Controlled Agriculture, Ministry of Agriculture, Hangzhou, 310058, China
| | - Zhangying Ye
- College of Bio-systems Engineering and Food Science, Zhejiang University, Key Laboratory of Equipment and Informatization in Environment Controlled Agriculture, Ministry of Agriculture, Hangzhou, 310058, China
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19
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Carneiro RB, Mukaeda CM, Sabatini CA, Santos-Neto ÁJ, Zaiat M. Influence of organic loading rate on ciprofloxacin and sulfamethoxazole biodegradation in anaerobic fixed bed biofilm reactors. JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT 2020; 273:111170. [PMID: 32763746 DOI: 10.1016/j.jenvman.2020.111170] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2020] [Revised: 07/09/2020] [Accepted: 07/31/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Antibiotic compounds, notably sulfamethoxazole (SMX) and ciprofloxacin (CIP), are ubiquitous emerging contaminants (ECs), which are often found in domestic sewage. They are associated with the development of antimicrobial resistance. Operational parameters, e.g. organic loading rate (OLR), hydraulic retention time (HRT) and sludge retention time, may influence EC biodegradation in wastewater treatment plants. This study assessed the impact of the OLR variation on the biodegradation of CIP and SMX, applying two configurations of anaerobic fixed bed reactors: anaerobic packed bed biofilm reactor (APBBR) and anaerobic structured bed biofilm reactor (ASBBR). A significant reduction in the biodegradation of SMX (APBBR: 93-69%; ASBBR: 94-81%) and CIP (APBBR: 85-66%; ASBBR: 85-64%) was observed increasing OLR from 0.6 to 2.0 kgCOD m-3 d-1. The decrease in the HRT from 12 to 4 h resulted in higher liquid-phase mass transfer coefficient (APBBR: ks from 0.01 to 0.05 cm h-1; ASBBR: ks from 0.07 to 0.24 cm h-1), but this was not enough to overcome the decrease in the antibiotic-biomass contact time on biofilm, thus reducing the bioreactors' performance. The ASBBR favored biomethane production (from 7 to 17 mLCH4 g-1VSS L-1 d-1) and biodegradation kinetics (kbio from 1.7 to 4.2 and for SMX and from 2.1 to 4.8 L g-1VSS d-1 for CIP) due to the higher relative abundance of the archaea community in the biofilm and the lower liquid-phase mass transfer resistance in the structured bed. CIP and SMX cometabolic biodegradation was associated to the hydrogenotrophic methanogenesis (mainly Methanobacterium genus) in co-culture with fermentative bacteria (notably the genera Clostridium, Bacillus, Lactivibrio, Syntrophobacter and Syntrophorhabdus). The anaerobic fixed bed biofilm reactors proved to be highly efficient in biodegrading the antibiotics, preventing them from spreading to the environment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rodrigo B Carneiro
- Laboratory of Biological Processes (LPB), São Carlos School of Engineering, University of São Paulo (USP), 1100, João Dagnone Ave., Santa Angelina, 13563-120, São Carlos, São Paulo, Brazil.
| | - Caio M Mukaeda
- Laboratory of Biological Processes (LPB), São Carlos School of Engineering, University of São Paulo (USP), 1100, João Dagnone Ave., Santa Angelina, 13563-120, São Carlos, São Paulo, Brazil.
| | - Carolina A Sabatini
- Laboratory of Biological Processes (LPB), São Carlos School of Engineering, University of São Paulo (USP), 1100, João Dagnone Ave., Santa Angelina, 13563-120, São Carlos, São Paulo, Brazil.
| | - Álvaro J Santos-Neto
- Laboratory of Chromatography (CROMA), Institute of Chemistry of São Carlos, University of São Paulo (USP), 400, Trabalhador São-Carlense Ave., São Carlos, São Paulo, 13566-590, Brazil.
| | - Marcelo Zaiat
- Laboratory of Biological Processes (LPB), São Carlos School of Engineering, University of São Paulo (USP), 1100, João Dagnone Ave., Santa Angelina, 13563-120, São Carlos, São Paulo, Brazil.
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20
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Li C, Gu Z, Zhu S, Liu D. 17β-Estradiol removal routes by moving bed biofilm reactors (MBBRs) under various C/N ratios. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2020; 741:140381. [PMID: 32599404 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2020.140381] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2020] [Revised: 06/18/2020] [Accepted: 06/18/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
This study evaluated the contribution of biotic and abiotic routes to the 17β-estradiol (E2) removal in moving bed biofilm reactors (MBBRs), and uncovered the interrelation between the E2 removal routes and biofilm characteristics, which was not researched in previous literature. Three MBBRs with different C/N ratios (0 for C/N0; 2 for C/N2; and 5 for C/N5) were operated in continuous mode. A 65-day degradation demonstrated that the MBBRs had high potential to remove E2 regardless of the C/N (E2 removal greater than 99% for all MBBRs; P > 0.05). Further batch tests showed that the E2 removal mainly resulted from heterotrophic activities for all MBBRs, accounting for approximately 85% for all MBBRs (P > 0.05), followed by nitrification (10-11%) and adsorption (4-5%). Importantly, lower adhesive force likely led to higher E2 adsorption onto biofilms. Besides, enhanced ammonia oxidizing rate (AOR) was consistent with the high contribution of nitrification to the E2 attenuation. Importantly, heterotrophic activity was positively correlated with its contribution to E2 removal (r = 0.99, P < 0.05). To sum, the results obtained in this study helped to understand the E2 removal routes in nitrifying biofilm systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Changwei Li
- Institute of Agricultural Bio-Environmental Engineering, College of Biosystems Engineering and Food Science, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Zhefeng Gu
- Institute of Agricultural Bio-Environmental Engineering, College of Biosystems Engineering and Food Science, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Songming Zhu
- Institute of Agricultural Bio-Environmental Engineering, College of Biosystems Engineering and Food Science, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Dezhao Liu
- Institute of Agricultural Bio-Environmental Engineering, College of Biosystems Engineering and Food Science, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China.
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21
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Modeling and sensitivity analysis of the alkylphenols removal via moving bed biofilm reactor using artificial neural networks: Comparison of levenberg marquardt and particle swarm optimization training algorithms. Biochem Eng J 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bej.2020.107685] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/07/2022]
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22
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Xiong Q, Liu YS, Hu LX, Shi ZQ, Cai WW, He LY, Ying GG. Co-metabolism of sulfamethoxazole by a freshwater microalga Chlorella pyrenoidosa. WATER RESEARCH 2020; 175:115656. [PMID: 32145399 DOI: 10.1016/j.watres.2020.115656] [Citation(s) in RCA: 86] [Impact Index Per Article: 21.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2019] [Revised: 02/17/2020] [Accepted: 02/25/2020] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Microalgae-mediated biodegradation of antibiotics has recently gained increased attention from international scientific community. However, limited information is available regarding microalgae-mediated biodegradation of SMX in a co-metabolic system. Here we investigated the biodegradation of sulfamethoxazole (SMX) by five algal species (Pseudokirchneriella subcapitata, Scenedesmus quadricauda, Scenedesmus obliquus, Scenedesmus acuminatus and Chlorella pyrenoidosa), and its transformation pathways by C. pyrenoidosa in a sodium acetate (3 mM) co-metabolic system. The results showed that the highest SMX dissipation (14.9%) was detected by C. pyrenoidosa after 11 days of cultivation among the five tested algal species in the absence of other carbon sources. The addition of sodium acetate (0-8 mM) significantly enhanced the dissipation efficiency of SMX (0.4 μM) from 6.05% to 99.3% by C. pyrenoidosa after 5 days of cultivation, and the dissipation of SMX followed the first-order kinetic model with apparent rate constants (k) ranging from 0.0107 to 0.9811 d-1. Based on the results of mass balance analysis, biodegradation by C. pyrenoidosa was the main mechanism for the dissipation of SMX in the culture medium. Fifteen phase I and phase II metabolites were identified, and subsequently the transformation pathway was proposed, including oxidation, hydroxylation, formylation and side chain breakdown, as well as pterin-related conjugation. The majority of metabolites of SMX were only observed in the culture medium and varied with cultivation time. The findings of the present study showed effective co-metabolism of a sulfonamide by microalgae, and it may be applied in the aquatic environment remediation and wastewater treatment in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qian Xiong
- State Key Laboratory of Organic Geochemistry, Guangzhou Institute of Geochemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, 510640, China; SCNU Environmental Research Institute, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Chemical Pollution and Environmental Safety & MOE Key Laboratory of Theoretical Chemistry of Environment, South China Normal University, Guangzhou, 510006, China; School of Environment, South China Normal University, University Town, Guangzhou, 510006, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - You-Sheng Liu
- SCNU Environmental Research Institute, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Chemical Pollution and Environmental Safety & MOE Key Laboratory of Theoretical Chemistry of Environment, South China Normal University, Guangzhou, 510006, China; School of Environment, South China Normal University, University Town, Guangzhou, 510006, China.
| | - Li-Xin Hu
- SCNU Environmental Research Institute, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Chemical Pollution and Environmental Safety & MOE Key Laboratory of Theoretical Chemistry of Environment, South China Normal University, Guangzhou, 510006, China; School of Environment, South China Normal University, University Town, Guangzhou, 510006, China
| | - Zhou-Qi Shi
- State Key Laboratory of Organic Geochemistry, Guangzhou Institute of Geochemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, 510640, China; SCNU Environmental Research Institute, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Chemical Pollution and Environmental Safety & MOE Key Laboratory of Theoretical Chemistry of Environment, South China Normal University, Guangzhou, 510006, China; School of Environment, South China Normal University, University Town, Guangzhou, 510006, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Wen-Wen Cai
- State Key Laboratory of Organic Geochemistry, Guangzhou Institute of Geochemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, 510640, China; SCNU Environmental Research Institute, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Chemical Pollution and Environmental Safety & MOE Key Laboratory of Theoretical Chemistry of Environment, South China Normal University, Guangzhou, 510006, China; School of Environment, South China Normal University, University Town, Guangzhou, 510006, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Liang-Ying He
- SCNU Environmental Research Institute, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Chemical Pollution and Environmental Safety & MOE Key Laboratory of Theoretical Chemistry of Environment, South China Normal University, Guangzhou, 510006, China; School of Environment, South China Normal University, University Town, Guangzhou, 510006, China
| | - Guang-Guo Ying
- SCNU Environmental Research Institute, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Chemical Pollution and Environmental Safety & MOE Key Laboratory of Theoretical Chemistry of Environment, South China Normal University, Guangzhou, 510006, China; School of Environment, South China Normal University, University Town, Guangzhou, 510006, China.
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23
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Ribera-Pi J, Badia-Fabregat M, Arias D, Gómez V, Taberna E, Sanz J, Martínez-Lladó X, Jubany I. Coagulation-flocculation and moving bed biofilm reactor as pre-treatment for water recycling in the petrochemical industry. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2020; 715:136800. [PMID: 32007876 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2020.136800] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2019] [Revised: 01/15/2020] [Accepted: 01/17/2020] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Water recycling and reuse is of important value in water-using sectors like petrochemical industry. The aim of this research was to optimise the pre-treatment of petrochemical wastewater to undergo a further membrane treatment, with the final objective of water recycling within the same industry. Laboratory coagulation-flocculation tests prior to biological treatment were performed using Actiflo® Veolia commercial technology and an optimal coagulant dose of 30 mg/L ferric chloride was obtained. A bench-scale Moving Bed Biofilm Reactor (MBBR) system with two sequential reactors with working volumes of 5 L was filled with Z-carriers at 35% of their working volume. Organic loading rate (OLR) was varied from 0.2 to 3.25 kg/(m3 d) and the hydraulic retention time (HRT) ranged from 23.4 h to 4.5 h. High soluble chemical oxygen demand (sCOD) removals were obtained in stationary states (80-90%) and the calculated maximum sCOD that the system could degrade was 4.96 ± 0.01 kg/(m3 d) at 23 ± 2 °C. Changes in feed composition did not decrease sCOD removals showing that MBBR is a robust technology and the coagulation-flocculation step could be by-passed. Further removal of total suspended solids (TSS) and turbidity from the MBBR effluent would be required before a reverse osmosis (RO) step could be performed. A biofilm-forming genus, Haliscomenobacter spp., and an oil degrading genus Flavobacterium spp. were found in all the attached biomass samples. Acinetobacter spp. was the major bacterial genera found in suspended biomass. Proteobacteria and Bacteroidetes were the major phyla detected in the carrier samples while Proteobacteria the main one detected in the suspended biomass. The lack of fungal annotated sequences in databases led to a major proportion of fungal sequences being categorized as unclassified Fungi. The results obtained indicate that MBBR is an appropriate technology for hydrocarbon-degrading microorganism growth and, thus, for petrochemical wastewater pre-treatment for water regeneration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Judit Ribera-Pi
- Eurecat, Centre Tecnològic de Catalunya, Sustainability Area, Manresa, Spain.
| | | | - David Arias
- DuPont Water Solutions, Global Water Technology Center, Tarragona, Spain
| | - Verónica Gómez
- DuPont Water Solutions, Global Water Technology Center, Tarragona, Spain
| | | | - Joan Sanz
- Veolia Water Technologies, Sant Cugat del Vallès, Spain
| | | | - Irene Jubany
- Eurecat, Centre Tecnològic de Catalunya, Sustainability Area, Manresa, Spain
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24
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Hassan K, Hamdy O, Helmy M, Mostafa H. Enhancing treated wastewater effluent characteristics using hybrid biofilm/activated sludge process - a case study. WATER SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY : A JOURNAL OF THE INTERNATIONAL ASSOCIATION ON WATER POLLUTION RESEARCH 2020; 81:217-227. [PMID: 32333655 DOI: 10.2166/wst.2020.074] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
This paper documents the results of 12 months of monitoring of an upgraded hybrid moving bed biofilm reactor-conventional activated sludge wastewater treatment plant (MBBR-CAS WWTP). It also targets the assessment of the increment of the hydraulic load on existing treatment units with a zero construction and land cost. The influent flow to the plant was increased from 21,000 m3 d-1 to 30,000 m3 d-1, 40% of the existing CAS reactor volume was used for the MBBR zone with a carrier fill fraction of 47.62% and with Headworks Bio ActiveCell™ 515 used as media; no modifications were made for the primary and secondary tanks. The hybrid reactor showed high removal efficiencies for biochemical oxygen demand (BOD5), chemical oxygen demand (COD) and total suspended solids (TSS), with average effluent values recording 33.00 ± 8.87 mg L-1, 52.90 ± 9.65 mg L-1 and 29.50 ± 6.64 mg L-1 respectively. Nutrient removals in the hybrid modified biological reactor were moderate compared with carbon removal despite the high C/N ratio of 12.33. Findings in this study favor the application of MBBR in the upgrading of existing CAS plants with the plant BOD5 removal efficiency recording an increase of about 5% compared with the plant before upgrade and effluent values well within the legal requirements.
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Affiliation(s)
- Khalid Hassan
- Department of Civil Engineering, Higher Institute of Engineering, Shorouk Academy, Nakheel District, 11837, Shorouk, Egypt E-mail: ;
| | - Olfat Hamdy
- Department of Civil Engineering, Higher Institute of Engineering, Shorouk Academy, Nakheel District, 11837, Shorouk, Egypt E-mail: ;
| | - Mohamed Helmy
- Department of Civil Engineering, Higher Institute of Engineering, Shorouk Academy, Nakheel District, 11837, Shorouk, Egypt E-mail: ;
| | - Hossam Mostafa
- Department of Civil Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Ain Shams University, Abdo Pasha Square, 11517, Abbasia, Cairo, Egypt
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25
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Zhang X, Song Z, Hao Ngo H, Guo W, Zhang Z, Liu Y, Zhang D, Long Z. Impacts of typical pharmaceuticals and personal care products on the performance and microbial community of a sponge-based moving bed biofilm reactor. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2020; 295:122298. [PMID: 31675521 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2019.122298] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/27/2019] [Revised: 10/16/2019] [Accepted: 10/17/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Four lab-scale moving bed biofilm reactors (MBBRs) were built to treat simulated wastewater containing typical pharmaceuticals and personal care products (PPCPs). The efficiency in removing different PPCPs at different concentrations (1, 2 and 5 mg/L) and their effects on the performance of MBBRs were investigated. Results showed that the average removal efficiencies of sulfadiazine, ibuprofen and carbamazepine were 61.1 ± 8.8%, 74.9 ± 8.8% and 28.3 ± 7.4%, respectively. Compared to the reactor without PPCPs, the total nitrogen (TN) removal efficiency of the reactors containing sulfadiazine, ibuprofen and carbamazepine declined by 21%, 30% and 42%, respectively. Based on the microbial community analysis, increasing the PPCPs concentration within a certain range (<2 mg/L) could stimulate microbial growth and increase microbial diversity yet the diversity reduced when the concentration (5 mg/L) exceeded the tolerance of microorganisms. Furthermore the presence and degradation of different PPCPs resulted in a different kind of microbial community structure in the MBBRs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xinbo Zhang
- Joint Research Centre for Protective Infrastructure Technology and Environmental Green Bioprocess, School of Environmental and Municipal Engineering, Tianjin Chengjian University, Tianjin 300384, China; School of Civil and Environmental Engineering, University of Technology Sydney, NSW 2007, Australia; Tianjin Key Laboratory of Aquatic Science and Technology, Tianjin Chengjian University, Jinjing Road 26, Tianjin 300384, China
| | - Zi Song
- Joint Research Centre for Protective Infrastructure Technology and Environmental Green Bioprocess, School of Environmental and Municipal Engineering, Tianjin Chengjian University, Tianjin 300384, China; School of Civil and Environmental Engineering, University of Technology Sydney, NSW 2007, Australia
| | - Huu Hao Ngo
- Joint Research Centre for Protective Infrastructure Technology and Environmental Green Bioprocess, School of Environmental and Municipal Engineering, Tianjin Chengjian University, Tianjin 300384, China; School of Civil and Environmental Engineering, University of Technology Sydney, NSW 2007, Australia; Centre for Technology in Water and Wastewater, School of Civil and Environmental Engineering, University of Technology Sydney, Sydney, NSW 2007, Australia.
| | - Wenshan Guo
- Joint Research Centre for Protective Infrastructure Technology and Environmental Green Bioprocess, School of Environmental and Municipal Engineering, Tianjin Chengjian University, Tianjin 300384, China; School of Civil and Environmental Engineering, University of Technology Sydney, NSW 2007, Australia; Centre for Technology in Water and Wastewater, School of Civil and Environmental Engineering, University of Technology Sydney, Sydney, NSW 2007, Australia
| | - Zumin Zhang
- Joint Research Centre for Protective Infrastructure Technology and Environmental Green Bioprocess, School of Environmental and Municipal Engineering, Tianjin Chengjian University, Tianjin 300384, China; School of Civil and Environmental Engineering, University of Technology Sydney, NSW 2007, Australia; Tianjin Key Laboratory of Aquatic Science and Technology, Tianjin Chengjian University, Jinjing Road 26, Tianjin 300384, China
| | - Yang Liu
- Joint Research Centre for Protective Infrastructure Technology and Environmental Green Bioprocess, School of Environmental and Municipal Engineering, Tianjin Chengjian University, Tianjin 300384, China; School of Civil and Environmental Engineering, University of Technology Sydney, NSW 2007, Australia; Tianjin Key Laboratory of Aquatic Science and Technology, Tianjin Chengjian University, Jinjing Road 26, Tianjin 300384, China
| | - Dan Zhang
- Joint Research Centre for Protective Infrastructure Technology and Environmental Green Bioprocess, School of Environmental and Municipal Engineering, Tianjin Chengjian University, Tianjin 300384, China; School of Civil and Environmental Engineering, University of Technology Sydney, NSW 2007, Australia; Tianjin Key Laboratory of Aquatic Science and Technology, Tianjin Chengjian University, Jinjing Road 26, Tianjin 300384, China
| | - Zhongliang Long
- Joint Research Centre for Protective Infrastructure Technology and Environmental Green Bioprocess, School of Environmental and Municipal Engineering, Tianjin Chengjian University, Tianjin 300384, China; School of Civil and Environmental Engineering, University of Technology Sydney, NSW 2007, Australia; Tianjin Key Laboratory of Aquatic Science and Technology, Tianjin Chengjian University, Jinjing Road 26, Tianjin 300384, China
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26
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Ashkanani A, Almomani F, Khraisheh M, Bhosale R, Tawalbeh M, AlJaml K. Bio-carrier and operating temperature effect on ammonia removal from secondary wastewater effluents using moving bed biofilm reactor (MBBR). THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2019; 693:133425. [PMID: 31362224 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2019.07.231] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/04/2019] [Revised: 06/15/2019] [Accepted: 07/15/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
This study investigates the impact of bio-carriers' surface area and shape, wastewater chemistry and operating temperature on ammonia removal from real wastewater effluents using Moving bed biofilm reactors (MBBRs) operated with three different AnoxKaldness bio-carriers (K3, K5, and M). The study concludes the surface area loading rate, specific surface area, and shape of bio-carrier affect ammonia removal under real conditions. MBBR kinetics and sensitivity for temperature changes were affected by bio-carrier type. High surface area bio-carriers resulted in low ammonia removal and bio-carrier clogging. Significant ammonia removals of 1.420 ± 0.06 and 1.103 ± 0.06 g - N/m2. d were achieved by K3(As = 500 m2/m3) at 35 and 20 °C, respectively. Lower removals were obtained by high surface area bio-carrier K5 (1.123 ± 0.06 and 0.920 ± 0.06 g - N/m2. d) and M (0.456 ± 0.05 and 0.295 ± 0.05 g - N/m2. d) at 35 and 20 °C, respectively. Theta model successfully represents ammonia removal kinetics with θ values of 1.12, 1.06 and 1.13 for bio-carrier K3, K5 and M respectively. MBBR technology is a feasible choice for treatment of real wastewater effluents containing high ammonia concentrations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amal Ashkanani
- Department of Chemical Engineering, College of Engineering, Qatar University, P.O. Box 2713, Doha, Qatar
| | - Fares Almomani
- Department of Chemical Engineering, College of Engineering, Qatar University, P.O. Box 2713, Doha, Qatar.
| | - Majeda Khraisheh
- Department of Chemical Engineering, College of Engineering, Qatar University, P.O. Box 2713, Doha, Qatar
| | - Rahul Bhosale
- Department of Chemical Engineering, College of Engineering, Qatar University, P.O. Box 2713, Doha, Qatar
| | - Muhammad Tawalbeh
- Sustainable & Renewable Energy Engineering Department, College of Engineering, University of Sharjah, P.O. Box 27272, Sharjah, United Arab Emirates
| | - Khaled AlJaml
- Department of Chemical Engineering, College of Engineering, Qatar University, P.O. Box 2713, Doha, Qatar
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Zhao Y, Yuan Q, He Z, Wang H, Yan G, Chang Y, Chu Z, Ling Y, Wang H. Influence of Carrier Filling Ratio on the Advanced Nitrogen Removal from Wastewater Treatment Plant Effluent by Denitrifying MBBR. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2019; 16:ijerph16183244. [PMID: 31487886 PMCID: PMC6765910 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph16183244] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2019] [Revised: 08/13/2019] [Accepted: 08/29/2019] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
The filling ratio (FR) of a carrier has an influence on the pollutant removal of the aerobic moving bed biofilm reactor (MBBR). However, the effect of the polyethylene (PE) carrier FR on the performance and microbial characteristics of the denitrifying MBBR for the treatment of wastewater treatment plant (WWTP) effluent has not been extensively studied. A bench-scale denitrifying MBBR was set up and operated with PE carrier FRs of 20%, 30%, 40%, and 50% for the degradation of chemical oxygen demand (COD) and nitrogen from WWTP effluent at 12 h hydraulic retention time (HRT). The nitrate removal rates with FRs of 20%, 30%, 40%, and 50% were 94.3 ± 3.9%, 87.7 ± 7.3%, 89.7 ± 11.6%, and 94.6 ± 4.0%, and the corresponding denitrification rates (rNO3--N) were 8.0 ± 5.6, 11.3 ± 4.6, 11.6 ± 4.6, and 10.0 ± 4.9 mg NO3--N/L/d, respectively. Nitrous oxide reductase (nosZ) gene-based terminal restriction fragment length polymorphism (T-RFLP) analysis illustrated that the highest functional diversity (Shannon's diversity index, H') of biofilm microbial community was obtained at 30% FR. The quantitative polymerase chain reaction (qPCR) results indicated that the abundance of nitrate reductase (narG) and nosZ genes at 30% FR was significantly higher than that at 20% FR, and no significant changes were observed at 40% and 50% FRs. Thus, 30% FR was recommended as the optimal carrier FR for the denitrifying MBBR.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuanzhe Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Criteria and Risk Assessment, Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences, Beijing 100012, China
- Engineering Center for Environmental Pollution Control, Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences, Beijing 100012, China
| | - Quan Yuan
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Criteria and Risk Assessment, Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences, Beijing 100012, China
- Engineering Center for Environmental Pollution Control, Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences, Beijing 100012, China
| | - Zan He
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Criteria and Risk Assessment, Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences, Beijing 100012, China
- Beijing China's Sustainable Development Water Purification Material Technology Co., Beijing 100012, China
| | - Haiyan Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Criteria and Risk Assessment, Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences, Beijing 100012, China.
- Engineering Center for Environmental Pollution Control, Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences, Beijing 100012, China.
| | - Guokai Yan
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Criteria and Risk Assessment, Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences, Beijing 100012, China
- Engineering Center for Environmental Pollution Control, Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences, Beijing 100012, China
| | - Yang Chang
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Criteria and Risk Assessment, Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences, Beijing 100012, China
- Engineering Center for Environmental Pollution Control, Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences, Beijing 100012, China
| | - Zhaosheng Chu
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Criteria and Risk Assessment, Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences, Beijing 100012, China
- National Engineering Laboratory for Lake Pollution Control and Ecological Restoration, Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences, Beijing 100012, China
| | - Yu Ling
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Criteria and Risk Assessment, Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences, Beijing 100012, China
- Engineering Center for Environmental Pollution Control, Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences, Beijing 100012, China
| | - Huan Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Criteria and Risk Assessment, Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences, Beijing 100012, China
- Engineering Center for Environmental Pollution Control, Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences, Beijing 100012, China
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28
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Liang C, Zhang L, Nord NB, Carvalho PN, Bester K. Dose-dependent effects of acetate on the biodegradation of pharmaceuticals in moving bed biofilm reactors. WATER RESEARCH 2019; 159:302-312. [PMID: 31102859 DOI: 10.1016/j.watres.2019.04.026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2018] [Revised: 03/15/2019] [Accepted: 04/11/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Moving bed biofilm reactors (MBBR) are promising as a post-treatment for removing pharmaceuticals from wastewater. However, the effect of easily degradable carbon sources on the degradation of pharmaceuticals is unclear. This study shows the influence of acetate on the degradation of 26 pharmaceuticals in an MBBR was dose- and compound-dependent: while the degradation of venlafaxine, tramadol and ciprofloxacin was promoted (increase of reaction rate constant (k) by 133%, 212%, 55%) by acetate, its presence caused negative effects on the removal of ibuprofen, citalopram and diclofenac (decrease of k by 76%, 57%, 44%). The deconjugation of acetyl-sulfadiazine was clearly slowed down (decrease of k by 75%) by the dosed acetate, probably due to feedback inhibition by abundant acetate. 17 out of 25 tested compounds were found to be independent of the acetate dosage, which suggested dosing acetate induced minor effects on most of pharmaceuticals' removal. Enrichment of S- or first eluted enantiomer of 4 β-blockers and the metabolite metoprolol acid was observed. Both non-enantioselective (rapid at elevated compound concentration) and enantioselective enzymes (slower and predominant at lower compound concentration) played a part in the biodegradation. High doses of acetate slowed down the enantiomeric enrichment of atenolol, metoprolol, propranolol and metoprolol acid, which demonstrated that the acetate is able to up- or down-regulate enzymes involved in the enantioselective degradation of β-blockers and thus reveals a complex co-metabolism relationship between transformation pathways of pharmaceuticals and carbon source.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chuanzhou Liang
- Department of Environmental Science, Aarhus University, Frederiksborgsvej 399, Roskilde, 4000, Denmark
| | - Liang Zhang
- Department of Bioscience, Aarhus University, Aarhus, 8000C, Denmark
| | - Nadia Brogård Nord
- Department of Environmental Science, Aarhus University, Frederiksborgsvej 399, Roskilde, 4000, Denmark
| | - Pedro N Carvalho
- Department of Environmental Science, Aarhus University, Frederiksborgsvej 399, Roskilde, 4000, Denmark
| | - Kai Bester
- Department of Environmental Science, Aarhus University, Frederiksborgsvej 399, Roskilde, 4000, Denmark.
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29
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Simultaneous Biological and Chemical Removal of Sulfate and Fe(II)EDTA-NO in Anaerobic Conditions and Regulation of Sulfate Reduction Products. MINERALS 2019. [DOI: 10.3390/min9060330] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
In the simultaneous flue gas desulfurization and denitrification by biological combined with chelating absorption technology, SO2 and NO are converted into sulfate and Fe(II)EDTA-NO which need to be reduced in biological reactor. Increasing the removal loads of sulfate and Fe(II)EDTA-NO and converting sulfate to elemental sulfur will benefit the application of this process. A moving-bed biofilm reactor was adopted for sulfate and Fe(II)EDTA-NO biological reduction. The removal efficiencies of the sulfate and Fe(II)EDTA-NO were 96% and 92% with the influent loads of 2.88 kg SO42−·m−3·d−1 and 0.48 kg NO·m−3·d−1. The sulfide produced by sulfate reduction could be reduced by increasing the concentrations of Fe(II)EDTA-NO and Fe(III)EDTA. The main reduction products of sulfate and Fe(II)EDTA-NO were elemental sulfur and N2. It was found that the dominant strain of sulfate reducing bacteria in the system was Desulfomicrobium. Pseudomonas, Sulfurovum and Arcobacter were involved in the reduction of Fe(II)EDTA-NO.
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