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Zhang H, Chen W, Qi Z, Qian W, Yang L, Wei R, Ni J. Biochar improved the solubility of triclocarban in aqueous environment: Insight into the role of biochar-derived dissolved organic carbon. CHEMOSPHERE 2024; 351:141172. [PMID: 38211797 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2024.141172] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2023] [Revised: 10/19/2023] [Accepted: 01/08/2024] [Indexed: 01/13/2024]
Abstract
Biochar as an effective adsorbent can be used for the removal of triclocarban from wastewater. Biochar-derived dissolved organic carbon (BC-DOC) is an important carbonaceous component of biochar, nonetheless, its role in the interaction between biochar and triclocarban remains little known. Hence, in this study, sixteen biochars derived from pine sawdust and corn straw with different physico-chemical properties were produced in nitrogen-flow and air-limited atmospheres at 300-750 °C, and investigated the effect of BC-DOC on the interaction between biochar and triclocarban. Biochar of 600∼750 °C with low polarity, high aromaticity, and high porosity presented an adsorption effect on triclocarban owing to less BC-DOC release as well as the strong π-π, hydrophobic, and pore filling interactions between biochar and triclocarban. In contrast and intriguingly, biochar of 300∼450 °C with low aromaticity and high polarity exhibited a significant solubilization effect rather than adsorption effect on triclocarban in aqueous solution. The maximum solubilization content of triclocarban in biochar-added solution reached approximately 3 times its solubility in biochar-free solution. This is mainly because the solubilization effect of BC-DOC surpassed the adsorption effect of biochar though the BC-DOC only accounted for 0.01-1.5 % of bulk biochar mass. Furthermore, the high solubilization content of triclocarban induced by biochar was dependent on the properties of BC-DOC as well as the increasing BC-DOC content. BC-DOC with higher aromaticity, larger molecular size, higher polarity, and more humic-like matters had a greater promoting effect on the water-solubility of triclocarban. This study highlights that biochar may promote the solubility of some organic pollutants (e.g., triclocarban) in aqueous environment and enhance their potential risk.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huiying Zhang
- Key Laboratory for Humid Subtropical Eco-geographical Processes of the Ministry of Education/ Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory for Plant Eco-physiology/School of Geographical Sciences, Fujian Normal University, Fuzhou, Fujian, 350007, China
| | - Weifeng Chen
- Key Laboratory for Humid Subtropical Eco-geographical Processes of the Ministry of Education/ Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory for Plant Eco-physiology/School of Geographical Sciences, Fujian Normal University, Fuzhou, Fujian, 350007, China.
| | - Zhichong Qi
- Henan Joint International Research Laboratory of Environmental Pollution Control Materials, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Henan University, Kaifeng, 475004, China
| | - Wei Qian
- Key Laboratory for Humid Subtropical Eco-geographical Processes of the Ministry of Education/ Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory for Plant Eco-physiology/School of Geographical Sciences, Fujian Normal University, Fuzhou, Fujian, 350007, China
| | - Liumin Yang
- Key Laboratory for Humid Subtropical Eco-geographical Processes of the Ministry of Education/ Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory for Plant Eco-physiology/School of Geographical Sciences, Fujian Normal University, Fuzhou, Fujian, 350007, China
| | - Ran Wei
- Key Laboratory for Humid Subtropical Eco-geographical Processes of the Ministry of Education/ Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory for Plant Eco-physiology/School of Geographical Sciences, Fujian Normal University, Fuzhou, Fujian, 350007, China
| | - Jinzhi Ni
- Key Laboratory for Humid Subtropical Eco-geographical Processes of the Ministry of Education/ Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory for Plant Eco-physiology/School of Geographical Sciences, Fujian Normal University, Fuzhou, Fujian, 350007, China.
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Deng Y, Xiao T, She A, Li X, Chen W, Ao T, Ni F. One-step synthesis of iron and nitrogen co-doped porous biochar for efficient removal of tetracycline from water: Adsorption performance and fixed-bed column. JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT 2024; 352:119984. [PMID: 38218166 DOI: 10.1016/j.jenvman.2023.119984] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2023] [Revised: 12/03/2023] [Accepted: 12/17/2023] [Indexed: 01/15/2024]
Abstract
Here, Fe/N co-doped porous biochars (FeNKBCs) were obtained by grinding corncob, CH3COOK, FeCl3·6H2O, and C3H6N6 via one-step synthesis and were applied to remove antibiotics from wastewater. Notably, CH3COOK had an excellent porous activation ability. The developed nanotubular structure of Fe1N2KBC had a high pore volume (Vtotal) (1.2131 cm3/g) and specific surface areas (SSA) (2083.54 m2/g), which showed outstanding sorption abilities for TC (764.35 mg/g), OTC (560.82 mg/g), SMX (291.45 mg/g), and SMT (354.65 mg/g). The adsorption process of TC was controlled by chemisorption. Moreover, Fe1N2KBC has an excellent dynamic adsorption performance (620.14 mg/g) in a fixed-bed column. The properties of SSA, Vtotal, and the content of graphite N and Fe-N were positively correlated with TC adsorption capacity. The high performance of TC removal was related to π-π stacking, pore-filling, hydrogen bond, and electrostatic interaction. Fe1N2KBC possessed stable sorption amounts in pH 2-12 and actual water, and well reuse performance. The results of this work present an effective preparation method of Fe/N porous biochar for TC-contaminated water remediation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu Deng
- College of Water Conservancy and Hydropower Engineering, Sichuan Agricultural University, Ya'an, 625014, China; College of Water Resources and Hydropower, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610065, China
| | - Tong Xiao
- College of Water Conservancy and Hydropower Engineering, Sichuan Agricultural University, Ya'an, 625014, China
| | - Ailun She
- College of Water Conservancy and Hydropower Engineering, Sichuan Agricultural University, Ya'an, 625014, China
| | - Xiaodong Li
- College of Water Resources and Hydropower, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610065, China
| | - Wenqing Chen
- College of Architecture and Environment, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610065, China
| | - Tianqi Ao
- College of Water Resources and Hydropower, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610065, China.
| | - Fuquan Ni
- College of Water Conservancy and Hydropower Engineering, Sichuan Agricultural University, Ya'an, 625014, China.
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Choi J, Kim M, Choi J, Jang M, Hyun S. Sorption behavior of three aromatic acids (benzoic acid, 1-naphthoic acid and 9-anthroic acid) on biochar: Cosolvent effect in different liquid phases. CHEMOSPHERE 2024; 349:140898. [PMID: 38070610 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2023.140898] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/25/2023] [Revised: 09/12/2023] [Accepted: 12/03/2023] [Indexed: 01/10/2024]
Abstract
Influence of the cosolvent on the sorption of organic acids on biochar has not been well understood. For this purpose, the sorption (log Km, L kg-1) of three aromatic acids (benzoic acid (BA, pKa = 4.20), 1-naphthoic acid (1-NAPA, pKa = 3.70), and 9-anthroic acid (9-ANTA, pKa = 3.65) was evaluated as a function of methanol volume fraction (fc = 0.0, 0.25, and 0.5), liquid pH (2.5 and 7.0), ionic composition (CaCl2 and KCl) and ionic strength (0.005 M, 0.5 M, and 1 M CaCl2). A giant Miscanthus-derived biochar (ZPC of 2.86) was used as the sorbent. For all solutes, the sorption coefficients (log Km) measured at pH 2.5 (i.e., pH < pKa) tended to decrease with increasing fc, as expected from the cosolvency model, while the result obtained at pH 7.0 was not fully explained by the same model. The log Km of 1-NAPA in the CaCl2 system was always greater than in the KCl system (p < 0.05) and the impact became pronounced at high pH (>pKa) with increasing fc. Increasing the Ca2+ concentration at fc = 0.0 (from 0.005 M to 1 M) enhanced the value by 0.32 log unit of Km. These phenomena indicate a significant role of dissolved Ca2+ in the liquid phase, most likely due to the formation of cation bridges between aromatic carboxylates and the biochar surface (i.e., [R-COO--Ca2+]-{Biochar-}). A decrease in the dielectric constant of the methanol mixture could fortify the formation of this bridge. Regardless of the degree of cosolvency power (σ), as the number of aromatic rings of solutes increases, Km decreases in the order BA > 1-NAPA > 9-ANTA, where fc = 0.0. In conclusion, the sorption potential of biochar can be significantly weakened by increasing pH and fc, and in the absence of a divalent cation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jeongmin Choi
- Department of Environmental Science and Ecological Engineering, Korea University, Seoul, 02841, Republic of Korea; FITI Testing & Research Institute, Seoul, 07791, Republic of Korea
| | - Minhee Kim
- Ministry of Environment, Hanam-si, Gyeonggi-do, 12902, Republic of Korea
| | - Jongwoo Choi
- National Institute of Environmental Research, Incheon, 22689, Republic of Korea
| | - Min Jang
- Department of Environmental Engineering, Kwangwoon University, Seoul, 01897, Republic of Korea
| | - Seunghun Hyun
- Department of Environmental Science and Ecological Engineering, Korea University, Seoul, 02841, Republic of Korea.
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Yu N, Ma H, Wen Z, Zhang W, Chen J, Yuan Y, Zhou L. Bacteria-based biochar as a persulfate activator to degrade organic pollutants. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2023; 30:83289-83301. [PMID: 37338679 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-023-28202-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2022] [Accepted: 06/06/2023] [Indexed: 06/21/2023]
Abstract
Carbon-based catalysts for activating persulfate to drive advanced oxidation processes (AOPs) are widely used in wastewater treatment. In this study, Shewanella oneidensis MR-1, a typical ferric reducing electroactive microorganism, was utilized as the raw material of biochar (BC) to prepare a novel green catalyst (MBC). The effect of MBC on activating persulfate (PS) to degrade rhodamine B (RhB) was evaluated. Experimental results showed that MBC could effectively activate PS to degrade RhB to reach 91.70% within 270 min, which was 47.4% higher than that of pure strain MR-1. The increasing dosage of PS and MBC could improve the removal of RhB. Meanwhile, MBC/PS can well perform in a wide pH range, and MBC showed good stability, achieving 72.07% removal of RhB with MBC/PS after 5 cycles. Furthermore, the free radical quenching test and EPR experiments confirmed the presence of both free radical and non-free radical mechanisms in the MBC/PS system, with •OH, SO4•- and 1O2 contributing to the effective degradation of RhB. This study successfully provided a new application for bacteria to be used in the biochar field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Na Yu
- School of Biomedical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou, 510006, China
| | - Hanyu Ma
- School of Biomedical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou, 510006, China
| | - Zhihong Wen
- School of Biomedical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou, 510006, China
| | - Wenbin Zhang
- School of Biomedical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou, 510006, China
| | - Jiahao Chen
- School of Biomedical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou, 510006, China
| | - Yong Yuan
- Guangdong Key Laboratory of Environmental Catalysis and Health Risk Control, School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Institute of Environmental Health and Pollution Control, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou, 510006, China
| | - Lihua Zhou
- School of Biomedical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou, 510006, China.
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Liu Y, Song Y, Li H, Ma Z, Yang Z. Enhanced removal of organophosphate esters by iron-modified biochar with developed mesoporous: Performance and mechanism based on site energy distribution theory. CHEMOSPHERE 2023; 330:138722. [PMID: 37084903 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2023.138722] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2022] [Revised: 03/19/2023] [Accepted: 04/17/2023] [Indexed: 05/03/2023]
Abstract
Removing the widely concerned pollutant of organophosphate esters (OPEs) by agriculture waste biochar is an effective way to address the waste and pollutant problem simultaneously. In this work, an iron-modified coconut shell biochar (MCSB) was prepared by co-pyrolysis method and used to adsorb tris(2-chloroethyl) phosphate (TCEP) and tris(1-chloro-2-propyl) phosphate (TCPP), which were two typical OPEs. The attention was focused on comprehensively investigating the adsorption behaviors to study the adsorption mechanisms of TCEP and TCPP onto MCSB. With the development of mesoporous and formation of γ-Fe2O3 in MCSB, the adsorption equilibrium was quickly reached in 60 min with the Langmuir maximum adsorption capacities of 211.3 mg/g for TCEP and 223.7 mg/g for TCPP, respectively. Results of adsorption kinetics and isotherm showed the heterogeneous and multilayer of the adsorption process. Pore-filling interaction, the Lewis acid-base interaction, and the hydrophobic interaction were considered to drive the adsorption. And the site energy distribution theory was introduced to further reveal that the physisorption was the main adsorption mechanism, while the Lewis acid-base interaction was responsible for the differences in adsorption of TCEP and TCPP onto MCSB. Additionally, the excellent adsorption performances of MCSB in various circumstances and fixed-bed column experiments suggested that the MCSB would be a promising adsorbent for OPEs removal.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yang Liu
- Center for Environment and Water Resources, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Central South University, Changsha, 410083, China; Key Laboratory of Hunan Province for Water Environment and Agriculture Product Safety, Changsha, 410083, China
| | - Yang Song
- Center for Environment and Water Resources, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Central South University, Changsha, 410083, China; Key Laboratory of Hunan Province for Water Environment and Agriculture Product Safety, Changsha, 410083, China
| | - Haipu Li
- Center for Environment and Water Resources, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Central South University, Changsha, 410083, China; Key Laboratory of Hunan Province for Water Environment and Agriculture Product Safety, Changsha, 410083, China.
| | - Zhizi Ma
- Center for Environment and Water Resources, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Central South University, Changsha, 410083, China
| | - Zhaoguang Yang
- Center for Environment and Water Resources, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Central South University, Changsha, 410083, China; Key Laboratory of Hunan Province for Water Environment and Agriculture Product Safety, Changsha, 410083, China
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Song G, Qin F, Yu J, Tang L, Pang Y, Zhang C, Wang J, Deng L. Tailoring biochar for persulfate-based environmental catalysis: Impact of biomass feedstocks. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2022; 424:127663. [PMID: 34799169 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2021.127663] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/23/2021] [Revised: 10/23/2021] [Accepted: 10/28/2021] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Abstract
Biochar, a carbonaceous material with engineering potential, has gained attention as an efficient catalyst in persulfate-based advanced oxidation processes (PS-AOPs). Although biomass feedstocks are known as a critical factor for the performance of biochar, the relationship between the catalytic efficiency/mechanism and the types of biomass feedstocks is still unclear. Thus, according to recent advances in experimental and theoretical researches, this paper provides a systematic review of the properties of biochar, and the relationship between catalytic performance in PS-AOPs and biomass feedstocks, where the differences in physicochemical properties (surface properties, pore structure, etc.) and activation path of different sourced biochars, are introduced. In addition, how the tailoring of biochar (such as heteroatomic doping and co-pyrolysis of biomass) affects its activation efficiency and mechanism in PS-AOPs is summarized. Finally, the suitable application scenarios or systems of different sourced biochars, appropriate methods to improve the catalytic performance of different types of biochar and the prospects and challenges for the development of biochar in PS-AOPs are proposed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ge Song
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha 410082, China; Key Laboratory of Environmental Biology and Pollution Control (Hunan University), Ministry of Education, Changsha 410082, Hunan, China
| | - Fanzhi Qin
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha 410082, China; Key Laboratory of Environmental Biology and Pollution Control (Hunan University), Ministry of Education, Changsha 410082, Hunan, China
| | - Jiangfang Yu
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha 410082, China; Key Laboratory of Environmental Biology and Pollution Control (Hunan University), Ministry of Education, Changsha 410082, Hunan, China
| | - Lin Tang
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha 410082, China; Key Laboratory of Environmental Biology and Pollution Control (Hunan University), Ministry of Education, Changsha 410082, Hunan, China.
| | - Ya Pang
- Department of Biology and Environmental Engineering, Changsha University, Changsha 410003, Hunan, China.
| | - Chen Zhang
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha 410082, China; Key Laboratory of Environmental Biology and Pollution Control (Hunan University), Ministry of Education, Changsha 410082, Hunan, China
| | - Jiajia Wang
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha 410082, China; Key Laboratory of Environmental Biology and Pollution Control (Hunan University), Ministry of Education, Changsha 410082, Hunan, China
| | - Lifei Deng
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha 410082, China; Key Laboratory of Environmental Biology and Pollution Control (Hunan University), Ministry of Education, Changsha 410082, Hunan, China
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Zhang L, Cheng H, Pan D, Wu Y, Ji R, Li W, Jiang X, Han J. One-pot pyrolysis of a typical invasive plant into nitrogen-doped biochars for efficient sorption of phthalate esters from aqueous solution. CHEMOSPHERE 2021; 280:130712. [PMID: 33971415 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2021.130712] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2021] [Revised: 04/19/2021] [Accepted: 04/25/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Invasive plants pose a significant threat to natural ecosystems because of their high adaptability, rapid propagation and spreading ability in the environment. In this study, a typical aquatic invasive plant, Pistia stratiotes, was chosen as a novel feedstock for the preparation of nitrogen-doped biochars (NBs) for the first time, and the NBs were used as efficient sorbents to remove phthalate esters (PAEs) from aqueous solution. Characterization results showed that NBs possess great pore structure (up to 126.72 m2 g-1), high nitrogen (2.02%-2.66%) and ash (24.7%-34.1%) content, abundant surface functional groups, hydrophobicity and a graphene structure. Batch sorption experiments were performed to investigate the sorption performance, processes and mechanisms. The capacities for PAEs sorption onto NBs were high, especially with NBs pyrolyzed at 700 °C, ranging up to 161.7 mg g-1 for diethyl phthalate and 85.4 mg g-1 for dibutyl phthalate; these levels were better than many reported for other sorbents. With kinetic and isotherm results, Pseudo-second order and Freundlich models fit the sorption data well, and chemical interactions involving hydrogen bonding, Lewis acid-base interaction, functional group interaction, cation-π interaction and π-π stacking interaction were identified as possible rate-limited steps. Moreover, Intra-particle diffusion and Dubinin-Radushkevich models indicated that multiple pore filling and partitioning dominated the process of PAEs sorption onto NBs. This study opens the door for new methods of pollution control with waste treatment, since invasive plant biomass resources were converted into advanced biochars for efficient environmental remediation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liumeng Zhang
- Co-Innovation Center for the Sustainable Forestry in Southern China, College of Biology and the Environment, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing, 210037, PR China; National Engineering Laboratory for Site Remediation Technologies, Beijing Construction Engineering Environmental Remediation Co., Ltd., Beijing, 100015, PR China; National Positioning Observation Station of Hung-tse Lake Wetland Ecosystem in Jiangsu Province, Huaian, Jiangsu, 223100, PR China
| | - Hu Cheng
- Co-Innovation Center for the Sustainable Forestry in Southern China, College of Biology and the Environment, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing, 210037, PR China; National Engineering Laboratory for Site Remediation Technologies, Beijing Construction Engineering Environmental Remediation Co., Ltd., Beijing, 100015, PR China; National Positioning Observation Station of Hung-tse Lake Wetland Ecosystem in Jiangsu Province, Huaian, Jiangsu, 223100, PR China.
| | - Deng Pan
- Shanghai Academy of Environmental Sciences, Shanghai, 200233, PR China
| | - Yarui Wu
- Co-Innovation Center for the Sustainable Forestry in Southern China, College of Biology and the Environment, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing, 210037, PR China; National Engineering Laboratory for Site Remediation Technologies, Beijing Construction Engineering Environmental Remediation Co., Ltd., Beijing, 100015, PR China; National Positioning Observation Station of Hung-tse Lake Wetland Ecosystem in Jiangsu Province, Huaian, Jiangsu, 223100, PR China
| | - Rongting Ji
- Nanjing Institute of Environmental Sciences, Ministry of Ecology and Environment, Nanjing, 210042, PR China
| | - Wei Li
- Co-Innovation Center for the Sustainable Forestry in Southern China, College of Biology and the Environment, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing, 210037, PR China; National Positioning Observation Station of Hung-tse Lake Wetland Ecosystem in Jiangsu Province, Huaian, Jiangsu, 223100, PR China
| | - Xin Jiang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Soil Environment and Pollution Remediation, Institute of Soil Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing, 210008, PR China
| | - Jiangang Han
- Co-Innovation Center for the Sustainable Forestry in Southern China, College of Biology and the Environment, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing, 210037, PR China; National Positioning Observation Station of Hung-tse Lake Wetland Ecosystem in Jiangsu Province, Huaian, Jiangsu, 223100, PR China.
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Gan F, Cheng B, Jin Z, Dai Z, Wang B, Yang L, Jiang X. Hierarchical porous biochar from plant-based biomass through selectively removing lignin carbon from biochar for enhanced removal of toluene. CHEMOSPHERE 2021; 279:130514. [PMID: 33873068 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2021.130514] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/07/2020] [Revised: 03/08/2021] [Accepted: 04/03/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
This study proposed a simple and green air oxidation (AO) method to prepare hierarchical porous biochar by selectively removing lignin carbon from biochar after the pyrolysis of plant-based biomass, based on the fact that the thermal decomposition temperature in air between lignin carbon and cellulose/hemicellulose carbon was different. Three kinds of biomass with different lignocellulose contents were used, including walnut shell, cypress sawdust and rice straw. The results found that AO treatment could effectively improve the pore structure of the three biochar. The specific surface area of WCO-4, CCO-4 and RCO-4 was 555.0 m2/g, 418.7 m2/g and 291.9 m2/g, respectively, which was significantly higher than those of WC (319.5 m2/g), CC (381.7 m2/g) and RC (69.6 m2/g), respectively. Among these, walnut shell biochar with air oxidation (WCO) had higher surface area of 555.0 m2/g and mesopore volume of 0.116 cm3/g, this was related to its high content of lignin, which could facilitate the formation of mesopores by AO treatment with high selectivity. The toluene adsorption capacity of WCO reached 132.9 mg/g, which increased by 223.4% from that without AO treatment. The kinetics study indicated that the diffusion rates of toluene molecule were improved due to the increased mesopores volume of biochar and micropores also play an important role in the adsorption of toluene. The results demonstrate that AO treatment is a promising method to develop hierarchical porous structure for lignocellulose-rich plant-based biomass with low cost and environmental-friendly, which greatly enhanced the toluene adsorption capacity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fengli Gan
- College of Architecture and Environment, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610065, China
| | - Bowen Cheng
- College of Architecture and Environment, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610065, China
| | - Ziheng Jin
- College of Architecture and Environment, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610065, China
| | - Zhongde Dai
- College of Architecture and Environment, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610065, China; National Engineering Research Center for Flue Gas Desulfurization, Chengdu, 610065, China
| | - Bangda Wang
- College of Architecture and Environment, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610065, China; National Engineering Research Center for Flue Gas Desulfurization, Chengdu, 610065, China.
| | - Lin Yang
- College of Architecture and Environment, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610065, China; National Engineering Research Center for Flue Gas Desulfurization, Chengdu, 610065, China
| | - Xia Jiang
- College of Architecture and Environment, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610065, China; National Engineering Research Center for Flue Gas Desulfurization, Chengdu, 610065, China
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Wu L, Zhang H, Xu Z, Wang C, Chen W, Ni J, Wei R. Biochar-mediated reduction of m-nitrotoluene: Interaction between reduction of m-nitrotoluene and sequestration of contaminants. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2021; 773:145662. [PMID: 33940750 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2021.145662] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2020] [Revised: 01/03/2021] [Accepted: 02/01/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Biochar is a highly effective adsorbent for nitroaromatic compounds (NACs), and acts as an electron shuttle that mediates the reduction of NACs. Hence, when biochar is used to mediate NAC reduction, adsorption and reduction will occur simultaneously and affect each other. However, the effect of biochar-mediated NAC reduction on sorption remains unknown. Eight biochars with different physicochemical properties were used to adsorb m-nitrotoluene and mediate its reduction. The results showed that the adsorption of m-nitrotoluene onto the various biochars facilitated its reduction, whereas biochar-mediated reduction retarded and weakened contaminant adsorption, which increased the environmental risk posed by m-nitrotoluene. Nevertheless, biochars with a high graphitization degree and developed porosity not only had a great catalytic ability, but also significantly alleviated the negative effect of reduction on adsorption. This was ascribed to the π-π interaction and pore-filling effect, which played more important roles than the hydrophobic effect in adsorbing the reduction product (m-toluidine) onto the studied biochars during reduction. Furthermore, the methanol extraction results indicated that the eight biochars presented significantly stronger sequestration abilities for adsorbed m-toluidine than for adsorbed m-nitrotoluene. This resulted from the hydrogen bonding and the Lewis acid-base effect between m-toluidine and each biochar, which were absent for m-nitrotoluene. These results suggest that biochars with a high graphitization degree and developed porosity are applicable for mediating reduction-enhancing sequestration of NACs, which could be a novel strategy for NAC remediation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liang Wu
- College of geographical Science, Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Humid Subtropical Eco-geographical Process, Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory for Plant Eco-Physiology, Fujian Normal University, Fuzhou, Fujian 350007, China
| | - Huiying Zhang
- College of geographical Science, Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Humid Subtropical Eco-geographical Process, Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory for Plant Eco-Physiology, Fujian Normal University, Fuzhou, Fujian 350007, China
| | - Zhu Xu
- Yangzhou Haitong Electronic Co. Ltd, Yangzhou, Jiangsu 225001, China
| | - Caiting Wang
- College of geographical Science, Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Humid Subtropical Eco-geographical Process, Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory for Plant Eco-Physiology, Fujian Normal University, Fuzhou, Fujian 350007, China
| | - Weifeng Chen
- College of geographical Science, Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Humid Subtropical Eco-geographical Process, Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory for Plant Eco-Physiology, Fujian Normal University, Fuzhou, Fujian 350007, China.
| | - Jinzhi Ni
- College of geographical Science, Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Humid Subtropical Eco-geographical Process, Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory for Plant Eco-Physiology, Fujian Normal University, Fuzhou, Fujian 350007, China
| | - Ran Wei
- College of geographical Science, Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Humid Subtropical Eco-geographical Process, Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory for Plant Eco-Physiology, Fujian Normal University, Fuzhou, Fujian 350007, China
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10
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Yu L, Gamliel DP, Markunas B, Valla JA. A Promising Solution for Food Waste: Preparing Activated Carbons for Phenol Removal from Water Streams. ACS OMEGA 2021; 6:8870-8883. [PMID: 33842758 PMCID: PMC8028020 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.0c06029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2020] [Accepted: 03/12/2021] [Indexed: 05/02/2023]
Abstract
Phenol and its derivatives are highly toxic chemicals and are widely used in various industrial applications. Therefore, the industrial wastewater streams must be treated to lower the concentration of phenol before discharge. At the same time, food waste has been a major environmental problem globally and the scientific community is eagerly seeking effective management solutions. The objective of this study was to understand the potential of utilizing food waste as a renewable and sustainable resource for the production of activated carbons for the removal of phenol from water streams. The food waste was pyrolyzed and physically activated by steam. The pyrolysis and activation conditions were optimized to obtain activated carbons with high surface area. The activated carbon with the highest surface area, 745 m2 g-1, was derived via activation at 950 °C for 1 h. A detailed characterization of the physicochemical and morphological properties of the activated carbons derived from food waste was performed and a comprehensive adsorption study was conducted to investigate the potential of using the activated carbons for phenol removal from water streams. The effects of pH, contact time, and initial concentration of phenol in water were studied and adsorption models were applied to experimental data to interpret the adsorption process. A remarkable phenol adsorption capacity of 568 mg g-1 was achieved. The results indicated that the pseudo-second-order kinetic model was better over the pseudo-second-order kinetic model to describe the kinetics of adsorption. The intraparticle diffusion model showed multiple regions, suggesting that the intraparticle diffusion was not the sole rate-controlling step of adsorption. The Langmuir isotherm model was the best model out of Freundlich, Temkin, and Dubinin-Radushkevich models to describe the phenol adsorption on activated carbons derived from food waste. This study demonstrated that food waste could be utilized to produce activated carbon and it showed promising capacity on phenol removal.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lei Yu
- Department
of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, University of Connecticut, 191 Auditorium Road, Unit 3222, Storrs, Connecticut 06269-4602, United States
| | - David P. Gamliel
- Physical
Sciences Incorporated, 20 New England Business Center Road, Andover, Massachusetts 01810, United States
| | - Brianna Markunas
- Department
of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, University of Connecticut, 191 Auditorium Road, Unit 3222, Storrs, Connecticut 06269-4602, United States
| | - Julia A. Valla
- Department
of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, University of Connecticut, 191 Auditorium Road, Unit 3222, Storrs, Connecticut 06269-4602, United States
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11
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Zhao J, Zhou D, Zhang J, Li F, Chu G, Wu M, Pan B, Steinberg CEW. The contrasting role of minerals in biochars in bisphenol A and sulfamethoxazole sorption. CHEMOSPHERE 2021; 264:128490. [PMID: 33035951 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2020.128490] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2020] [Revised: 09/16/2020] [Accepted: 09/28/2020] [Indexed: 05/18/2023]
Abstract
Biochars are one of carbon-rich substances that have attracted enormous attention because of its values in energy storage, carbon sequestration, and environment remediation. Apart from the carbon structure, biochars also contain inherent mineral component and polar functional groups. However, the importance of the inherent minerals to the stability of biochars as well as the sorption of organic compounds remains unclear. In this work, the demineralized treatment by the hydrofluoric acid was employed to remove the inorganic minerals from biochars produced at 300 and 500 °C. The inorganic minerals in biochars were identified and quantified by XRD, XPS and SEM-EDS techniques. Approximately 75% of biochar minerals belonged to the Si- and Al-containing minerals, which connected with carbon skeletons. The impact of these minerals to bisphenol A (BPA) and sulfamethoxazole (SMX) sorption was investigated. The mineral removal decreased BPA sorption but increased SMX sorption. Moreover, the relative contributions of surface adsorption and partition processes were quantified for both compounds through isotherm modeling. The BPA sorption was regulated by the joint effect of adsorption and partition, while more than 82% of the SMX sorption was dominated by the partition process. Such understanding of biochar minerals and carbon structure to the migration of organic contaminants will benefit biochar production and application.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing Zhao
- Faculty of Environment Science & Engineering, Kunming University of Science & Technology, Kunming, Yunnan, 650500, China; Yunnan Provincial Key Laboratory of Carbon Sequestration and Pollution Control in Soils, Kunming, 650500, Yunnan, China
| | - Dandan Zhou
- Faculty of Environment Science & Engineering, Kunming University of Science & Technology, Kunming, Yunnan, 650500, China; Yunnan Provincial Key Laboratory of Carbon Sequestration and Pollution Control in Soils, Kunming, 650500, Yunnan, China
| | - Jun Zhang
- Faculty of Environment Science & Engineering, Kunming University of Science & Technology, Kunming, Yunnan, 650500, China; Yunnan Provincial Key Laboratory of Carbon Sequestration and Pollution Control in Soils, Kunming, 650500, Yunnan, China
| | - Fangfang Li
- Faculty of Environment Science & Engineering, Kunming University of Science & Technology, Kunming, Yunnan, 650500, China; Yunnan Provincial Key Laboratory of Carbon Sequestration and Pollution Control in Soils, Kunming, 650500, Yunnan, China
| | - Gang Chu
- Faculty of Resources and Environment, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei, 230036, Anhui, China; Faculty of Environment Science & Engineering, Kunming University of Science & Technology, Kunming, Yunnan, 650500, China; Yunnan Provincial Key Laboratory of Carbon Sequestration and Pollution Control in Soils, Kunming, 650500, Yunnan, China.
| | - Min Wu
- Faculty of Environment Science & Engineering, Kunming University of Science & Technology, Kunming, Yunnan, 650500, China; Yunnan Provincial Key Laboratory of Carbon Sequestration and Pollution Control in Soils, Kunming, 650500, Yunnan, China
| | - Bo Pan
- Faculty of Environment Science & Engineering, Kunming University of Science & Technology, Kunming, Yunnan, 650500, China; Yunnan Provincial Key Laboratory of Carbon Sequestration and Pollution Control in Soils, Kunming, 650500, Yunnan, China
| | - Christian E W Steinberg
- Faculty of Environment Science & Engineering, Kunming University of Science & Technology, Kunming, Yunnan, 650500, China; Faculty of Life Sciences, Institute of Biology, Freshwater & Stress Ecology, Humboldt-University at Berlin, Arboret Späthstr. 80/81, 12437, Berlin, Germany
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12
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Fu H, Wang B, Li D, Xue L, Hua Y, Feng Y, Xie H. Anaerobic fermentation treatment improved Cd 2+ adsorption of different feedstocks based hydrochars. CHEMOSPHERE 2021; 263:127981. [PMID: 32822946 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2020.127981] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2020] [Revised: 08/02/2020] [Accepted: 08/04/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Hydrothermal carbonization technology has attracted wide attention in recent years owing to its advantages, e.g., high yield and clean production, compared with traditional pyrolysis. Anaerobic fermentation (AF) is a new method to modify carbon materials, which may improve the surface properties of hydrochar (HC). To explore whether AF has effects on different feedstocks based HCs, two kinds of HCs derived from wheat straw and poplar sawdust were treated with AF for different time in this study. By comparing the changes in physicochemical properties of anaerobic fermentative hydrochars (AFHCs), adsorption behaviors of Cadmium (Cd2+) on AFHCs were evaluated. The results showed that the surface electrical characteristics, specific surface area, and oxygen-containing functional groups of HCs improved significantly after AF treatment, which confirmed our hypothesis that AF is suitable for improving the adsorption of different feedstocks based HCs. The adsorption capacity of Cd2+ on AFHCs was significantly enhanced by a 3.1-3.4 times increase after AF treatment. The effect of AF treatment on wheat straw hydrochar (WHC) was more evident than poplar sawdust hydrochar (SHC). WHCs treated with AF own higher adsorption capacity of Cd2+, which was attributed to the higher negative charge, more exchangeable cations, and more oxygen-containing functional groups. The adsorption process was found to be a spontaneous endothermic reaction dominated by chemisorption and controlled by electrostatic attraction, ion exchange, functional groups complexation, and π-bonding coordination. These results were contributed to understanding the modification of HC by AF and its application in heavy metal pollution remediation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haibin Fu
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Chemical Pollution Control and Resources Reuse, School of Environmental and Biological Engineering, Nanjing University of Science and Technology, Nanjing, 210094, China; Key Laboratory of Agro-Environment in Downstream of Yangtze Plain, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Institute of Agricultural Resources and Environment, Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Nanjing, 210014, China
| | - Bingyu Wang
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Chemical Pollution Control and Resources Reuse, School of Environmental and Biological Engineering, Nanjing University of Science and Technology, Nanjing, 210094, China
| | - Detian Li
- Key Laboratory of Agro-Environment in Downstream of Yangtze Plain, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Institute of Agricultural Resources and Environment, Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Nanjing, 210014, China; School of Earth and Environment, Anhui University of Science and Technology, Huainan 232001, China
| | - Lihong Xue
- Key Laboratory of Agro-Environment in Downstream of Yangtze Plain, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Institute of Agricultural Resources and Environment, Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Nanjing, 210014, China; College of Resources and Environment Science, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, China; School of the Environment and Safety Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, 212001, China
| | - Yun Hua
- Key Laboratory of Agro-Environment in Downstream of Yangtze Plain, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Institute of Agricultural Resources and Environment, Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Nanjing, 210014, China; College of Resources and Environment Science, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, China
| | - Yanfang Feng
- Key Laboratory of Agro-Environment in Downstream of Yangtze Plain, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Institute of Agricultural Resources and Environment, Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Nanjing, 210014, China; College of Resources and Environment Science, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, China; School of the Environment and Safety Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, 212001, China.
| | - Huifang Xie
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Chemical Pollution Control and Resources Reuse, School of Environmental and Biological Engineering, Nanjing University of Science and Technology, Nanjing, 210094, China.
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13
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Bardhan M, Novera TM, Tabassum M, Islam MA, Jawad AH, Islam MA. Adsorption of methylene blue onto betel nut husk-based activated carbon prepared by sodium hydroxide activation process. WATER SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY : A JOURNAL OF THE INTERNATIONAL ASSOCIATION ON WATER POLLUTION RESEARCH 2020; 82:1932-1949. [PMID: 33201856 DOI: 10.2166/wst.2020.451] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
In this study, activated carbon (AC) was prepared from agro-waste betel nut husks (BNH) through the chemical activation method. Different characterization techniques described the physicochemical nature of betel nut husks activated carbon (BNH-AC) through Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), Brunauer-Emmett-Teller (BET), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and pH point of zero charge. Later, the produced AC was used for methylene blue (MB) adsorption via numerous batch experimental parameters: initial concentrations of MB dye (25-250 mg/L), contact time (0.5-24 hours) and initial pH (2-12). Dye adsorption isotherms were also assessed at three temperatures where the maximum adsorption capacity (381.6 mg/g) was found at 30 °C. The adsorption equilibrium data were best suited to the non-linear form of the Freundlich isotherm model. Additionally, non-linear pseudo-second-order kinetic model was better fitted with the experimental value as well. Steady motion of solute particles from the boundary layer to the BNH-AC's surface was the possible reaction dynamics concerning MB adsorption. Thermodynamic study revealed that the adsorption process was spontaneous and exothermic in nature. Saline water emerged as an efficient eluent for the desorption of adsorbed dye on AC. Therefore, the BNH-AC is a very promising and cost-effective adsorbent for MB dye treatment and has high adsorption capacity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mondira Bardhan
- Environmental Science Discipline, Khulna University, Khulna 9208, Bangladesh E-mail:
| | - Tamanna Mamun Novera
- Environmental Science Discipline, Khulna University, Khulna 9208, Bangladesh E-mail:
| | - Mumtahina Tabassum
- Environmental Science Discipline, Khulna University, Khulna 9208, Bangladesh E-mail:
| | - Md Azharul Islam
- Forestry and Wood Technology Discipline, Khulna University, Khulna 9208, Bangladesh
| | - Ali H Jawad
- School of Chemistry and Environment, Faculty of Applied Sciences, Universiti Teknologi MARA, 40450 Shah Alam, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Md Atikul Islam
- Environmental Science Discipline, Khulna University, Khulna 9208, Bangladesh E-mail:
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14
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Jing J, Zhang S, Yuan L, Li Y, Lin Z, Xiong Q, Zhao B. Combining humic acid with phosphate fertilizer affects humic acid structure and its stimulating efficacy on the growth and nutrient uptake of maize seedlings. Sci Rep 2020; 10:17502. [PMID: 33060730 PMCID: PMC7562911 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-020-74349-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/02/2020] [Accepted: 09/10/2020] [Indexed: 11/27/2022] Open
Abstract
This paper analyzed the compositional and structural changes of humic acid (HA) after combined with phosphate fertilizer (PHA), and investigated its effects on the growth of maize seedlings with four humic acid concentrations. The results showed that the atomic ratios of O/C and (O + N)/N of PHA were significantly lower than those of HA, which indicated that PHA had poor hydrophilicity compared with HA. The spectra of FTIR and NMR results suggested that the relative content of carboxyl group in PHA was higher than that in HA. X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy technology showed that the relative amount of C-C in PHA was lower than that in HA, while C-H was the opposite. The above changes were attributed to the crack of HA structure during the preparation of humic acid enhanced phosphate fertilizer, which was verified by the results from the determination of gel permeation chromatography that there were more low molecular weight components in PHA than that in HA. However, compared with HA, PHA showed a worse effect in promoting growth and the uptake of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium by maize seedlings. This worse effect might be attributed to the poor hydrophilicity and unsuitable addition amount of PHA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jianyuan Jing
- Key Laboratory of Plant Nutrition and Fertilizer, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs / Institute of Agricultural Resources and Regional Planning, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, 100081, China
| | - Shuiqin Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Plant Nutrition and Fertilizer, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs / Institute of Agricultural Resources and Regional Planning, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, 100081, China
| | - Liang Yuan
- Key Laboratory of Plant Nutrition and Fertilizer, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs / Institute of Agricultural Resources and Regional Planning, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, 100081, China
| | - Yanting Li
- Key Laboratory of Plant Nutrition and Fertilizer, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs / Institute of Agricultural Resources and Regional Planning, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, 100081, China
| | - Zhian Lin
- Key Laboratory of Plant Nutrition and Fertilizer, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs / Institute of Agricultural Resources and Regional Planning, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, 100081, China
| | - Qizhong Xiong
- Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Farmland Ecological Conservation and Pollution Prevention, School of Resources and Environment, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei, 230036, China
| | - Bingqiang Zhao
- Key Laboratory of Plant Nutrition and Fertilizer, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs / Institute of Agricultural Resources and Regional Planning, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, 100081, China.
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15
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Xu W, Hu X, Jiang X, Shi K, Tong Y, Shen C, Lou L. Sequestration effect and mechanism of PCB1 by high-temperature black carbon. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2020; 27:31516-31526. [PMID: 32495204 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-020-09443-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2020] [Accepted: 05/25/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Black carbon (BC) is a substance that significantly affects the migration and transformation of hydrophobic organic compounds (HOCs) in soil/sediment. High-temperature BC is an important form of BC in the environment, and, currently, there is relatively little research on the influence of high-temperature BC on the sorption and the desorption behavior of HOCs and its mechanism. In this study, the sorption isotherms and TENAX-aided desorption kinetics of PCB1 by three typical high-temperature BCs (fly ash (FC), soot (SC), and high-temperature biochar (BC 900)) and a low-temperature biochar (BC 400) were compared. In addition, the sorption-desorption mechanism was clarified through its correlation with the physicochemical properties of BC. The results indicated that the Freundlich sorption parameters of FC, SC, BC 900, and BC 400 were 9947.90, 5417.57, 77690.16, and 2804.54 (mg kg-1)/(mg L-1), respectively, indicating that these high-temperature BCs had stronger sorption capacity. The desorption rate of PCB1 on BC 900 was slow, and the ratio of the difficult desorption fraction (Fr) was as high as 96.2%, while those of FC, SC, and BC 400 were only 35.3%, 19.1%, and 54.7%, respectively. The sorption and desorption mechanisms of the three high-temperature BCs were similar to those of BC 400. They exhibited nonlinear adsorption at low PCB1 concentrations and linear partition at high PCB1 concentrations. Moreover, the results demonstrated that different types of high-temperature BCs in the environment have different sequestration effects on HOCs. Frap, the part that can be quickly desorbed, was predominantly PCB1 sorbed onto BC through a linear partition mechanism, but the surface acidic functional groups and larger pores would also increase the Frap. Meanwhile, the slow desorption ratio (Fslow) was mainly affected by the degree of surface aromatization; the difficult-to-desorb PCB1 (Fr) was combined with BC through a nonlinear adsorption mechanism and was mainly related to the micropore volume. Graphical abstract.
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Affiliation(s)
- Weijian Xu
- Department of Environmental Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310029, People's Republic of China
| | - Xinyi Hu
- Department of Environmental Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310029, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiaodong Jiang
- Environmental Science Research & Design Institute of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, 310007, People's Republic of China
| | - Keke Shi
- Department of Environmental Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310029, People's Republic of China
| | - Yanning Tong
- Department of Environmental Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310029, People's Republic of China
| | - Chaofeng Shen
- Department of Environmental Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310029, People's Republic of China
- Key Laboratory of Water Pollution Control and Environmental Safety of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, 310020, People's Republic of China
| | - Liping Lou
- Department of Environmental Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310029, People's Republic of China.
- Key Laboratory of Water Pollution Control and Environmental Safety of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, 310020, People's Republic of China.
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16
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Zhang H, Chen W, Li Q, Zhang X, Wang C, Yang L, Wei R, Ni J. Difference in characteristics and nutrient retention between biochars produced in nitrogen-flow and air-limitation atmospheres. JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL QUALITY 2020; 49:1396-1407. [PMID: 33016453 DOI: 10.1002/jeq2.20133] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2020] [Accepted: 07/18/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
The different effects of nitrogen-flow (NF) and air-limitation (AL) pyrolysis on the characteristics and nutrient retention of biochars (BCs) are unclear. Hence, in this study, BCs derived from bamboo, corn straw, and wheat straw were produced in AL and NF atmospheres at various temperatures (300-750 °C), and their different characteristics and nutrient retention rates were compared systematically. Nitrogen-flow pyrolysis facilitates C retention and graphitic C formation, and AL pyrolysis improves the polarity and supports the formation of oxygen-containing groups. With increasing pyrolysis temperature, C retention and graphitic C formation in BCs derived from AL pyrolysis decreases more significantly compared with BCs from NF pyrolysis. At 750 °C, the polarity and oxygen-containing groups of BCs derived from AL pyrolysis increase, whereas those from BCs derived from NF pyrolysis decrease. The observations are attributable to the AL and high-temperature-enhanced oxidization and gasification of C. An AL atmosphere with a higher pyrolysis temperature supports porosity and results in a larger specific surface area. Although pyrolysis temperature and atmosphere have negligible effects on nutrient retention, a low pyrolysis temperature facilitates the formation of water-soluble Ca, Mg, and P, and AL pyrolysis facilitates the formation of water-soluble P because the high pyrolysis temperature improves the pH and mineral stability of BCs, and air limitation facilitates the oxidation of organic P into PO4 3- . This study provides a reference for selecting AL or NF pyrolysis based on various pyrolysis temperatures to produce BCs and applying these in C sequestration, contaminant sorption, and soil quantity improvement.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huiying Zhang
- College of Geographical Science/Ministry of Education Key Lab. of Humid Subtropical Eco-geographical Process/Fujian Provincial Key Lab. for Plant Eco-Physiology, Fujian Normal Univ., Fuzhou, Fujian, China, 350007
| | - Weifeng Chen
- College of Geographical Science/Ministry of Education Key Lab. of Humid Subtropical Eco-geographical Process/Fujian Provincial Key Lab. for Plant Eco-Physiology, Fujian Normal Univ., Fuzhou, Fujian, China, 350007
| | - Qingyang Li
- College of Geographical Science/Ministry of Education Key Lab. of Humid Subtropical Eco-geographical Process/Fujian Provincial Key Lab. for Plant Eco-Physiology, Fujian Normal Univ., Fuzhou, Fujian, China, 350007
| | - Xia Zhang
- College of Geographical Science/Ministry of Education Key Lab. of Humid Subtropical Eco-geographical Process/Fujian Provincial Key Lab. for Plant Eco-Physiology, Fujian Normal Univ., Fuzhou, Fujian, China, 350007
| | - Caiting Wang
- College of Geographical Science/Ministry of Education Key Lab. of Humid Subtropical Eco-geographical Process/Fujian Provincial Key Lab. for Plant Eco-Physiology, Fujian Normal Univ., Fuzhou, Fujian, China, 350007
| | - Liuming Yang
- College of Geographical Science/Ministry of Education Key Lab. of Humid Subtropical Eco-geographical Process/Fujian Provincial Key Lab. for Plant Eco-Physiology, Fujian Normal Univ., Fuzhou, Fujian, China, 350007
| | - Ran Wei
- College of Geographical Science/Ministry of Education Key Lab. of Humid Subtropical Eco-geographical Process/Fujian Provincial Key Lab. for Plant Eco-Physiology, Fujian Normal Univ., Fuzhou, Fujian, China, 350007
| | - Jinzhi Ni
- College of Geographical Science/Ministry of Education Key Lab. of Humid Subtropical Eco-geographical Process/Fujian Provincial Key Lab. for Plant Eco-Physiology, Fujian Normal Univ., Fuzhou, Fujian, China, 350007
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17
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Han Q, Wang J, Goodman BA, Xie J, Liu Z. High adsorption of methylene blue by activated carbon prepared from phosphoric acid treated eucalyptus residue. POWDER TECHNOL 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.powtec.2020.02.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 98] [Impact Index Per Article: 24.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
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