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Vejřík L, Vejříková I, Sajdlová Z, Kočvara L, Kolařík T, Bartoň D, Jůza T, Blabolil P, Peterka J, Čech M, Vašek M. A non-lethal stable isotope analysis of valued freshwater predatory fish using blood and fin tissues as alternatives to muscle tissue. PLoS One 2024; 19:e0297070. [PMID: 38236915 PMCID: PMC10796030 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0297070] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/28/2023] [Accepted: 12/23/2023] [Indexed: 01/22/2024] Open
Abstract
Stable isotope analysis (SIA) is widely used to study trophic ecology and food webs in aquatic ecosystems. In the case of fish, muscle tissue is generally preferred for SIA, and the method is lethal in most cases. We tested whether blood and fin clips can be used as non-lethal alternatives to muscle tissue for examining the isotopic composition of two freshwater predatory fish, European catfish (Silurus glanis) and Northern pike (Esox lucius), species of high value for many freshwater systems as well as invasive species in many others. Blood samples from the caudal vein, anal fin clips, and dorsal muscle obtained by biopsy punch were collected from four catfish and pike populations (14-18 individuals per population). Subsequently, these samples were analyzed for δ13C and δ15N. The effects of alternative tissues, study site, and fish body mass on the isotopic offset were investigated. Both species showed a correlation between the isotopic offset and the tissue type, as well as the study site, but no significant relationship with the body mass. The isotopic offsets between tissues were used to calculate the conversion equations. The results demonstrated that both blood and fin clips are suitable and less invasive alternative to muscle in SIA studies focused on European catfish and Northern pike. Blood provided better correspondence to muscle isotope values. However, our results clearly demonstrated that isotopic offsets between tissues vary significantly among populations of the same species. Therefore, obtaining a muscle biopsy from several individuals in any population is advisable to gain initial insights and establish a possible population-specific inter-tissue conversion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lukáš Vejřík
- Biology Centre of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Institute of Hydrobiology, České Budějovice, Czech Republic
| | - Ivana Vejříková
- Biology Centre of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Institute of Hydrobiology, České Budějovice, Czech Republic
| | - Zuzana Sajdlová
- Biology Centre of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Institute of Hydrobiology, České Budějovice, Czech Republic
| | - Luboš Kočvara
- Biology Centre of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Institute of Hydrobiology, České Budějovice, Czech Republic
| | - Tomáš Kolařík
- Biology Centre of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Institute of Hydrobiology, České Budějovice, Czech Republic
| | - Daniel Bartoň
- Biology Centre of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Institute of Hydrobiology, České Budějovice, Czech Republic
| | - Tomáš Jůza
- Biology Centre of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Institute of Hydrobiology, České Budějovice, Czech Republic
| | - Petr Blabolil
- Biology Centre of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Institute of Hydrobiology, České Budějovice, Czech Republic
- Faculty of Science, University of South Bohemia in České Budějovice, České Budějovice, Czech Republic
| | - Jiří Peterka
- Biology Centre of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Institute of Hydrobiology, České Budějovice, Czech Republic
| | - Martin Čech
- Biology Centre of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Institute of Hydrobiology, České Budějovice, Czech Republic
| | - Mojmír Vašek
- Biology Centre of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Institute of Hydrobiology, České Budějovice, Czech Republic
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Zhang Y, Lei C, Dong P, Fu P, Zhang Y, Hua R. Green synthesis of carbon dots from fish scales for selective turn off-on detection of glutathione. RSC Adv 2024; 14:3578-3587. [PMID: 38259998 PMCID: PMC10802901 DOI: 10.1039/d3ra07444g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2023] [Accepted: 01/03/2024] [Indexed: 01/24/2024] Open
Abstract
Carbon dots as fluorescent probes were fabricated using readily available grass carp fish scales as the carbon source via one-step synthesis based on a pyrolytic reaction. The as-prepared grass carp fish scale carbon dots (GF-CDs) exhibited good biocompatibility and excellent optical properties with a high fluorescence quantum yield of 23.8%. Glutathione (GSH) is an essential small tri-peptide molecule present in every body cell and plays a crucial role in vivo and performs a wide range of biological functions. Ag+ can effectively quench the fluorescence of GF-CDs because of the electron transfer between GF-CDs and Ag+; however, the addition of GSH can significantly increase GF-CD-Ag+ fluorescence. Because of their combination with Ag+ and GSH, GF-CDs show selective fluorescence recovery. GF-CDs can serve as fluorescent probes for GSH detection. This detection method covered a wide linear range (1.6-36.0 μg mL-1) with the lowest detection limit of 0.77 μg mL-1 and manifested great advantages such as a short analysis time, good stability, repeatability, and ease of operation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi Zhang
- Xinxiang Key Laboratory of Inflammation and Immunology, School of Medical Technology, Xinxiang Medical University Xinxiang 453003 Henan P. R. China +86 373 3029977 +86 373 3029977
| | - Chunyu Lei
- Xinxiang Key Laboratory of Inflammation and Immunology, School of Medical Technology, Xinxiang Medical University Xinxiang 453003 Henan P. R. China +86 373 3029977 +86 373 3029977
| | - Ping Dong
- Xinxiang Key Laboratory of Inflammation and Immunology, School of Medical Technology, Xinxiang Medical University Xinxiang 453003 Henan P. R. China +86 373 3029977 +86 373 3029977
| | - Peiyang Fu
- Xinxiang Key Laboratory of Inflammation and Immunology, School of Medical Technology, Xinxiang Medical University Xinxiang 453003 Henan P. R. China +86 373 3029977 +86 373 3029977
| | - Yun Zhang
- Xinxiang Key Laboratory of Inflammation and Immunology, School of Medical Technology, Xinxiang Medical University Xinxiang 453003 Henan P. R. China +86 373 3029977 +86 373 3029977
| | - Ruifang Hua
- Xinxiang Key Laboratory of Inflammation and Immunology, School of Medical Technology, Xinxiang Medical University Xinxiang 453003 Henan P. R. China +86 373 3029977 +86 373 3029977
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Vašek M, Brabec M, Blabolil P, Čech M, Draštík V, Jůza T, Kubečka J, Muška M, Peterka J, Prchalová M, Říha M, Hejzlar J. Fish scale stable isotopes as potential indicators of nutrient pollution: Exploring the response of roach (Rutilus rutilus) scale δ 15N and δ 13C to a gradient of land use disturbance. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2023; 865:161198. [PMID: 36592901 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2022.161198] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2022] [Revised: 12/21/2022] [Accepted: 12/22/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
To examine the suitability of fish scales as potential tracers of nutrient pollution, we analysed the nitrogen and carbon stable isotope values (δ15N and δ13C) in scales of a generalist fish species, roach Rutilus rutilus, collected from 22 Czech reservoirs covering wide gradients of catchment land use and nutrient enrichment. Using generalised additive mixed models in the first step and generalised linear mixed models in the second step, we evaluated the response of roach scale stable isotope values to catchment land use variables (percentage of agricultural land and human population density) and in-reservoir water quality variables. Roach scale δ15N values varied by 15 ‰ among the reservoirs and were strongly, linearly, and positively associated with the percentage of agricultural land in the reservoir catchments, pointing to agriculture as the dominant source of nitrogen pollution in the investigated systems. Roach scale δ13C values differed by 8 ‰ among the studied reservoirs and were not related to catchment land use variables or in-reservoir primary production (chlorophyll-a levels). Possible variation in roach foraging strategies (littoral versus pelagic) between reservoirs or the contrasting effects of eutrophication-related autotrophic and heterotrophic processes on baseline δ13C values may explain the lack of relationships between roach scale δ13C values and the explanatory variables. In summary, our findings show that fish scale δ15N values are sensitive bioindicators of catchment-derived anthropogenic nitrogen inputs to freshwater ecosystems. Because scales can be sampled in a nonlethal way and δ15N analysis is relatively inexpensive, we suggest that measuring the δ15N values of fish scales could be an effective method for monitoring nitrogen pollution in aquatic environments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mojmír Vašek
- Biology Centre of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Institute of Hydrobiology, Na Sádkách 7, České Budějovice 37005, Czech Republic.
| | - Marek Brabec
- Institute of Computer Science of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Pod Vodárenskou věží 2, Praha 18207, Czech Republic.
| | - Petr Blabolil
- Biology Centre of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Institute of Hydrobiology, Na Sádkách 7, České Budějovice 37005, Czech Republic; University of South Bohemia, Faculty of Science, Branišovská 1760, České Budějovice 37005, Czech Republic.
| | - Martin Čech
- Biology Centre of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Institute of Hydrobiology, Na Sádkách 7, České Budějovice 37005, Czech Republic.
| | - Vladislav Draštík
- Biology Centre of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Institute of Hydrobiology, Na Sádkách 7, České Budějovice 37005, Czech Republic.
| | - Tomáš Jůza
- Biology Centre of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Institute of Hydrobiology, Na Sádkách 7, České Budějovice 37005, Czech Republic.
| | - Jan Kubečka
- Biology Centre of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Institute of Hydrobiology, Na Sádkách 7, České Budějovice 37005, Czech Republic.
| | - Milan Muška
- Biology Centre of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Institute of Hydrobiology, Na Sádkách 7, České Budějovice 37005, Czech Republic.
| | - Jiří Peterka
- Biology Centre of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Institute of Hydrobiology, Na Sádkách 7, České Budějovice 37005, Czech Republic.
| | - Marie Prchalová
- Biology Centre of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Institute of Hydrobiology, Na Sádkách 7, České Budějovice 37005, Czech Republic.
| | - Milan Říha
- Biology Centre of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Institute of Hydrobiology, Na Sádkách 7, České Budějovice 37005, Czech Republic.
| | - Josef Hejzlar
- Biology Centre of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Institute of Hydrobiology, Na Sádkách 7, České Budějovice 37005, Czech Republic.
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Semerád J, Horká P, Filipová A, Kukla J, Holubová K, Musilová Z, Jandová K, Frouz J, Cajthaml T. The driving factors of per- and polyfluorinated alkyl substance (PFAS) accumulation in selected fish species: The influence of position in river continuum, fish feed composition, and pollutant properties. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2022; 816:151662. [PMID: 34780822 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2021.151662] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2021] [Revised: 11/09/2021] [Accepted: 11/09/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Per- and polyfluorinated alkyl substances (PFASs) represent a group of highly recalcitrant micropollutants, that continuously endanger the environment. The present work describes the geographical trends of fish contamination by individual PFASs (including new compounds, e.g., Gen-X) assessed by analyzing the muscle tissues of 5 separate freshwater fish species from 10 locations on the Czech section of the Elbe River and its largest tributary, the Vltava River. The data of this study also showed that the majority of the detected PFASs consisted of long-chain representatives (perfluorooctane sulfonate (PFOS), perfluorononanoic acid, perfluorodecanoic acid, and perfluoroundecanoic acid), whereas short-chain PFASs as well as other compounds such as Gen-X were detected in relatively small quantities. The maximum concentrations of the targeted 32 PFASs in fish were detected in the lower stretches of the Vltava and Elbe Rivers, reaching 289.9 ng/g dw, 140.5 ng/g dw, and 162.7 ng/g dw for chub, roach, and nase, respectively. Moreover, the relationships between the PFAS (PFOS) concentrations in fish muscle tissue and isotopic ratios (δ15N and δ13C) were studied to understand the effect of feed composition and position in the river continuum as a proxy for anthropogenic activity. Redundancy analysis and variation partitioning showed that the largest part of the data variability was explained by the interaction of position in the river continuum and δ15N (δ13C) of the fish. The PFAS concentrations increased downstream and were positively correlated with δ15N and negatively correlated with δ13C. A detailed study at one location also demonstrated the significant relationship between δ15N (estimated trophic position) and PFASs (PFOS) concentrations. From the tested physicochemical properties, the molecular mass and number of fluorine substituents seem to play crucial roles in PFAS bioaccumulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jaroslav Semerád
- Institute of Microbiology of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Vídeňská 1083, CZ-142 20, Prague 4, Czech Republic
| | - Petra Horká
- Institute for Environmental Studies, Faculty of Science, Charles University, Benátská 2, CZ-128 01, Prague 2, Czech Republic
| | - Alena Filipová
- Institute of Microbiology of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Vídeňská 1083, CZ-142 20, Prague 4, Czech Republic
| | - Jaroslav Kukla
- Institute for Environmental Studies, Faculty of Science, Charles University, Benátská 2, CZ-128 01, Prague 2, Czech Republic
| | - Kateřina Holubová
- Institute for Environmental Studies, Faculty of Science, Charles University, Benátská 2, CZ-128 01, Prague 2, Czech Republic
| | - Zuzana Musilová
- Department of Zoology, Faculty of Science, Charles University, Viničná 7, CZ-128 44 Prague 2, Czech Republic
| | - Kateřina Jandová
- Institute for Environmental Studies, Faculty of Science, Charles University, Benátská 2, CZ-128 01, Prague 2, Czech Republic
| | - Jan Frouz
- Institute for Environmental Studies, Faculty of Science, Charles University, Benátská 2, CZ-128 01, Prague 2, Czech Republic
| | - Tomáš Cajthaml
- Institute of Microbiology of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Vídeňská 1083, CZ-142 20, Prague 4, Czech Republic; Institute for Environmental Studies, Faculty of Science, Charles University, Benátská 2, CZ-128 01, Prague 2, Czech Republic.
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