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Sakan S, Mihajlidi-Zelić A, Ašković K, Sakan N, Trifunović S, Đorđević D. The significance of applying different factors for the evaluation of sediment contamination by toxic elements and estimation of the ecological risk. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2023; 30:53461-53477. [PMID: 36854944 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-023-26111-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2022] [Accepted: 02/20/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
The optimized three-step sequential extraction procedure for the fractionation of micro- and macroelements, was conducted to determine fractional characteristics of PTEs (potentially toxic elements) in surface sediments of rivers in the Vlasina watershed. The sequential extraction results, which enable the evaluation of mobility of the studied elements, have indicated that Zn, Ni, Cu, Cr, and As can be considered slightly mobile, whereas Pb, Mn, Cd, and Co were regarded as possibly mobile elements. Lead was dominantly bounded (specifically adsorbed or co-precipitated) to iron and manganese oxides (up to 80%) and may be released by reduction. Since the content of the exchangeable fraction (F1) is an indicator for anthropogenic impact on the aquatic environment, a low percentage (0-8%) of studied toxic elements in this fraction indicated that these elements have lithogenic origin in most sampling locations in the area of study. Except for Pb, the substantial positive correlations between Al and other elements showed that studied elements came primarily from terrigenous sources. Although the values obtained for the risk assessment code (RAC) indicated a slightly increased mobility of some elements (up to 22.44%), the values of the modified risk assessment code (mRAC), which include toxic effects on the environment, showed there is no danger of pollution by studied elements (all values were < 1%). Our recommendation is to use mRAC instead of RAC in ecochemical studies and assessment of the degree of sediment and soil pollution, because mRAC includes toxic effects of elements. Based on ATI values, river sediments show no toxic to a low toxic degree. Even though obtained results indicate that there was no considerable risk for river water contamination, the ecological risk for Fe and Pb should be monitored in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sanja Sakan
- Centre of Excellence in Environmental Chemistry and Engineering - Institute of Chemistry, Technology and Metallurgy, National Institute of the Republic of Serbia, University of Belgrade, Njegoševa 12, 11158, Belgrade, Serbia.
| | - Aleksandra Mihajlidi-Zelić
- Centre of Excellence in Environmental Chemistry and Engineering - Institute of Chemistry, Technology and Metallurgy, National Institute of the Republic of Serbia, University of Belgrade, Njegoševa 12, 11158, Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Ksenija Ašković
- Faculty of Chemistry, University of Belgrade, Studentski Trg 12-16, 11000, Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Nenad Sakan
- Institute of Physics, National Institute of the Republic of Serbia, University of Belgrade, Pregrevica 118, 11000, Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Snežana Trifunović
- Faculty of Chemistry, University of Belgrade, Studentski Trg 12-16, 11000, Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Dragana Đorđević
- Centre of Excellence in Environmental Chemistry and Engineering - Institute of Chemistry, Technology and Metallurgy, National Institute of the Republic of Serbia, University of Belgrade, Njegoševa 12, 11158, Belgrade, Serbia
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Zheng H, Ren Q, Zheng K, Qin Z, Wang Y, Wang Y. Spatial distribution and risk assessment of metal(loid)s in marine sediments in the Arctic Ocean and Bering Sea. MARINE POLLUTION BULLETIN 2022; 179:113729. [PMID: 35537309 DOI: 10.1016/j.marpolbul.2022.113729] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2021] [Revised: 04/02/2022] [Accepted: 04/30/2022] [Indexed: 05/22/2023]
Abstract
Seventy-four surface sediment samples were collected from the Arctic Ocean and Bering Sea to determine the content of metal(loid)s (As, Cu, Cd, Ni, Pb, Zn and Cr). Metal(loid)s content in these sediments varied from 2.36-41.90 mg/kg for As, 8.63-82.28 mg/kg for Cu, 0.14-0.71 mg/kg for Cd, 11.86-100.60 mg/kg for Ni, 8.30-27.58 mg/kg for Pb, 39.93-391.43 mg/kg for Zn, and 40.96-106.49 mg/kg for Cr. The pH and water-soluble organic carbon content had considerable impacts on the content of metal(loid)s in sediment, but the texture of sediment has limited influence on metal(loid)s content in sediment. In addition, the hotspots of most of these metal(loid)s appeared in the Beaufort Sea region. The geoaccumulation index (Igeo) indicated that Cd was the metal with the highest contamination in these sediments, with 55.41% of the sample sites posing moderate pollution. The ecological risk for As, Cu, Ni, Pb, Zn and Cr indicates low ecological risk (100%), while Cd posed moderate risk (35.14%), considerable risk (54.05%) and high risk (10.81%) and attributed more than 76.45% of the total potential ecological risk of these metal(loid)s.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hui Zheng
- National Demonstration Center for Environmental and Planning, College of Geography and Environmental Science, Henan University, Kaifeng 475004, China; Henan Engineering Research Center for Control & Remediation of Soil Heavy Metal Pollution, Henan University, Kaifeng 475004, China
| | - Qiang Ren
- National Demonstration Center for Environmental and Planning, College of Geography and Environmental Science, Henan University, Kaifeng 475004, China; Key Laboratory of Geospatial Technology for the Middle and Lower Yellow River Regions (Henan University), Ministry of Education, Kaifeng 475004, China
| | - Kaixuan Zheng
- National Demonstration Center for Environmental and Planning, College of Geography and Environmental Science, Henan University, Kaifeng 475004, China; Key Laboratory of Geospatial Technology for the Middle and Lower Yellow River Regions (Henan University), Ministry of Education, Kaifeng 475004, China
| | - Zhikai Qin
- National Demonstration Center for Environmental and Planning, College of Geography and Environmental Science, Henan University, Kaifeng 475004, China
| | - Yangyang Wang
- National Demonstration Center for Environmental and Planning, College of Geography and Environmental Science, Henan University, Kaifeng 475004, China; Key Laboratory of Geospatial Technology for the Middle and Lower Yellow River Regions (Henan University), Ministry of Education, Kaifeng 475004, China; Henan Engineering Research Center for Control & Remediation of Soil Heavy Metal Pollution, Henan University, Kaifeng 475004, China.
| | - Yuguang Wang
- School of Minerals Processing and Bioengineering, Central South University, Changsha 410083, China.
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Abdou M, Tercier-Waeber ML, Dutruch L, Bossy C, Pougnet F, Coynel A, Bakker E, Blanc G, Schäfer J. Estuarine dissolved speciation and partitioning of trace metals: a novel approach to study biogeochemical processes. ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH 2022; 208:112596. [PMID: 34968435 DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2021.112596] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2021] [Revised: 12/03/2021] [Accepted: 12/16/2021] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Estuaries are complex systems involving numerous biogeochemical gradients and processes that influence the behavior of trace metals. Lead (Pb), cadmium (Cd), and copper (Cu) speciation and partitioning were studied in the Gironde Estuary (SW France), using a multi-method approach in which data from innovative sensors and laboratory-based techniques were combined. For the first time in this system, the so-called dynamic fractions of the target metals (dissolved forms that are potentially bioavailable) were recorded on-board through voltammetry using unique antifouling gel-integrated microelectrode arrays (GIME) incorporated in a submersible sensing probe (TracMetal). Trace metals in the operationally defined dissolved <0.2 μm and <0.02 μm fractions, as well as complexed with suspended particles (collected after centrifugation) were quantified through sampling/laboratory-based techniques. High spatial resolution trace metal concentrations were monitored along the salinity gradient (S = 0.10 to S = 34.0) together with master bio-physicochemical parameters providing robust cruise-specific information on how well-known abiotic and biotic processes control the Gironde estuarine trace element partitioning, (i.e. conservative behavior, addition/removal). Combining conventional methods with GIME measurements showed: (i) the dominance of Cd dynamic species in the intra-estuarine total dissolved fraction (up to 90%), (ii) the importance of small colloids as trace metal carrier phases, desorbing and complexing dynamic fractions of Pb and Cu, and (iii) the potential influence of photo-redox processes remobilizing Pb under their dynamic forms (up to 80%). Data also suggest trace metal release/sorption by phytoplankton with an increase of dissolved Cu concentrations in the riverine branch, as well as Cu and Cd particulate concentrations showing higher levels towards productive coastal waters. This complete approach allowed to monitor key estuarine biogeochemical processes and highlighted the valuable use of the TracMetal to record subtle variations of potentially bioavailable dissolved metal fractions.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Abdou
- University of Geneva, Sciences II, 30 Quai E.-Ansermet, 1221, Geneva 4, Switzerland.
| | - M-L Tercier-Waeber
- University of Geneva, Sciences II, 30 Quai E.-Ansermet, 1221, Geneva 4, Switzerland.
| | - L Dutruch
- University of Bordeaux, Allée Geoffroy Saint-Hilaire, 33615, Pessac, France
| | - C Bossy
- University of Bordeaux, Allée Geoffroy Saint-Hilaire, 33615, Pessac, France
| | - F Pougnet
- University of Bordeaux, Allée Geoffroy Saint-Hilaire, 33615, Pessac, France
| | - A Coynel
- University of Bordeaux, Allée Geoffroy Saint-Hilaire, 33615, Pessac, France
| | - E Bakker
- University of Geneva, Sciences II, 30 Quai E.-Ansermet, 1221, Geneva 4, Switzerland
| | - G Blanc
- University of Bordeaux, Allée Geoffroy Saint-Hilaire, 33615, Pessac, France
| | - J Schäfer
- University of Bordeaux, Allée Geoffroy Saint-Hilaire, 33615, Pessac, France
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Pougnet F, Gil-Díaz T, Blanc G, Coynel A, Bossy C, Schäfer J. Historical mass balance of cadmium decontamination trends in a major European continent-ocean transition system: Case study of the Gironde Estuary. MARINE ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH 2022; 176:105594. [PMID: 35279515 DOI: 10.1016/j.marenvres.2022.105594] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2021] [Accepted: 03/05/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Despite the effective remediation efforts following the end of the metallurgic activity thirty years ago upstream the Lot River watershed, the levels of cadmium (Cd) accumulated in wild oysters from the downstream Gironde Estuary still exceed nowadays the admissible human consumption limit (5 mg/kg, d.w.). The main goal of this work is to quantify the role of sediments as long-term intra-estuarine sources or sinks of Cd and the transport of this contaminant towards the estuary mouth taking as case study the example of the highly turbid Gironde Estuary. The original estimation for the annual net fluxes of the suspended particulate matter ( [Formula: see text] and particulate Cd ( [Formula: see text] ) presented in this work between 1990 and 2020 indicates that 80% of the Cd discharged into the ocean is in dissolved form (Cdd). The values of [Formula: see text] vary proportionally to those of [Formula: see text] and ranged between 0.1 and 1.4 t/y, with a ten-year average decreasing from 0.8 to 0.6 t/y for the past 30 years. The differences between ten-year total (Cdp + Cdd) gross and net fluxes show that Cd has effectively been stored in estuarine sediments. This Cd storage was of about 43, 22 and 13 t for the 1990s, 2000s and 2010s, respectively. However, during years of low gross fluxes, estuarine sediments act as additional, secondary sources of bio-available/dissolved Cd into the water column, potentially relating to the continued observations of high Cd concentrations in wild oysters at the estuary mouth. In addition to the natural solubility of Cdp along the salinity and turbidity gradients of the estuary, natural and anthropogenic remobilization of bottom sediment particles further contribute to its mobilization from the particle phase, along with other numerous inorganic/organic pollutants. The mass balances presented in this work could support a new sediment management policy potentially more beneficial to the estuarine ecosystem.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Teba Gil-Díaz
- Univ. Bordeaux, CNRS, EPOC, EPHE, UMR 5805, F-33600, Pessac, France
| | - Gérard Blanc
- Univ. Bordeaux, CNRS, EPOC, EPHE, UMR 5805, F-33600, Pessac, France
| | - Alexandra Coynel
- Univ. Bordeaux, CNRS, EPOC, EPHE, UMR 5805, F-33600, Pessac, France
| | - Cécile Bossy
- Univ. Bordeaux, CNRS, EPOC, EPHE, UMR 5805, F-33600, Pessac, France
| | - Jörg Schäfer
- Univ. Bordeaux, CNRS, EPOC, EPHE, UMR 5805, F-33600, Pessac, France
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Gao L, Li R, Liang Z, Hou L, Chen J. Seasonal variations of cadmium (Cd) speciation and mobility in sediments from the Xizhi River basin, South China, based on passive sampling techniques and a thermodynamic chemical equilibrium model. WATER RESEARCH 2021; 207:117751. [PMID: 34731658 DOI: 10.1016/j.watres.2021.117751] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2021] [Revised: 09/30/2021] [Accepted: 10/07/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Understanding the speciation and mobilization mechanisms of potentially toxic metals in sediments is critical to aquatic ecosystem health and contamination remediation in urban rivers. In this study, chemical sequential extraction, a thermodynamic chemical equilibrium model (Visual MINTEQ ver. 3.1), diffusive gradient in thin films (DGT), and high-resolution dialysis (HR-Peeper) techniques were integrated to identify seasonal variations in cadmium (Cd) mobility in sulfidized sediments. Acid-soluble Cd was the dominant geochemical fraction in sediments, followed by residual, oxidizable, and reducible Cd. The DGT-labile Cd concentration was associated with various geochemical processes and was independent of the total concentration and geochemical fractionation of Cd in sediments. Sulfate reduction facilitated the formation of insoluble CdS and induced low Cd concentrations in sediment porewater. Sulfide oxidation was principally responsible for lowered porewater pH and elevated Cd concentrations in summer. Strongly acidic conditions promoted release of sediment Cd but might reduce the binding efficiency of Chelex resin gel for dissolved Cd, leading to underestimation of the mobility of sediment Cd. Sediments generally functioned as a sink for Cd in winter and shifted to acting as a source in summer, releasing Cd into the overlying water mainly as Cd-S complexes with high potential to migrate downstream.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lei Gao
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Applied Botany, Key Laboratory of Vegetation Restoration and Management of Degraded Ecosystems, South China Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510650, China.
| | - Rui Li
- School of Geography and Planning, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou 510275, China
| | - Zuobing Liang
- School of Geography and Planning, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou 510275, China
| | - Lei Hou
- College of Ecology and Environment, Southwest Forestry University, Kunming 650224, China
| | - Jianyao Chen
- School of Geography and Planning, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou 510275, China
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Méndez S, Ruepert C, Mena F, Cortés J. Accumulation of heavy metals (Cd, Cr, Cu, Mn, Pb, Ni, Zn) in sediments, macroalgae (Cryptonemia crenulata) and sponge (Cinachyrella kuekenthali) of a coral reef in Moín, Limón, Costa Rica: An ecotoxicological approach. MARINE POLLUTION BULLETIN 2021; 173:113159. [PMID: 34814000 DOI: 10.1016/j.marpolbul.2021.113159] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2021] [Revised: 10/11/2021] [Accepted: 11/12/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Moín, on the Caribbean coast of Costa Rica, is a multi-use coastal zone with a variety of human activities that can cause metal pollution. With the purpose of assessing the current environmental burden due to heavy metal presence in the marine environment of Moín, and their bioaccumulation in organisms of the nearby coral reef, we determined seven metals in samples of bottom sediments, macroalgae (Cryptonemia crenulata) and sponge (Cinachyrella kuekenthali). The results were compared with samples from the southern Caribbean, an area with little human activity. Using ICP-MS, results showed a concentration range for sediments Mn > Cu > Zn > Cr > Ni > Pb > Cd, algae Mn > Cu > Zn > Ni > Cr > Pb > Cd and sponge Mn > Cu > Zn > Ni > Cr > Cd > Pb, relatively low concentrations overall and no differences observed between sites. Bioconcentration factor > 1 was determined for Cd, Cu, Ni and Zn, while concentrations in sediments were below the SQG thresholds. Our study provides the first data on metal concentrations in a macroalgae and a sponge from the Costa Rican Caribbean.
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Affiliation(s)
- Susana Méndez
- Instituto Regional de Estudios en Sustancias Tóxicas, Campus Omar Dengo, Universidad Nacional (IRET), 86-3000 Heredia, Costa Rica.
| | - Clemens Ruepert
- Instituto Regional de Estudios en Sustancias Tóxicas, Campus Omar Dengo, Universidad Nacional (IRET), 86-3000 Heredia, Costa Rica.
| | - Freylan Mena
- Instituto Regional de Estudios en Sustancias Tóxicas, Campus Omar Dengo, Universidad Nacional (IRET), 86-3000 Heredia, Costa Rica.
| | - Jorge Cortés
- Centro de Investigación en Ciencias del Mar y Limnología (CIMAR), Ciudad de la Investigación, Universidad de Costa Rica, 11501-2060 San José, Costa Rica.
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Patra P, Mohandass C, Chakraborty P, Seleyi SC. Biochemical responses of oysters in evaluating environmental quality of tropical Indian estuarine systems. CHEMOSPHERE 2021; 278:130338. [PMID: 33813337 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2021.130338] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/26/2020] [Revised: 03/01/2021] [Accepted: 03/18/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Impact of varying concentrations and counts of toxic metals and indigenous bacteria on antioxidative defense system in edible oyster, Saccostrea cucullata, collected from four tropical estuarine systems of Goa (west coast of India), are presented in this study. Relatively high abundance of bacteria was estimated from the oysters especially during monsoon season (June-September). Density of total and fecal coliforms were about 24 times higher in the organism than the surrounding water (average TC: 4360 and FC: 3475 MPN 100 ml-1). Sedimentary Cd, Pb, and Hg concentrations varied from 0.12 to 0.48, 19.28-102.48, and 0.03-0.13 mg kg-1 (dry wt.) while, bioaccumulation of Cd, Pb, and Hg in the oysters ranged from 5.17 to 10.6, 0.18-7.99, and 0.06-0.22 mg kg-1 (dry wt.) respectively. Higher degree of pollution and moderate ecotoxicological risks with increasing toxicity (36-37%) was observed in two of the tropical estuaries. Biomarker response in the oysters was somewhat inconsistent with pollution load in the estuarine systems. Elevated environmental stress was observed during pre-monsoon (March-May) followed by the monsoon period. Sedimentary metals were identified as predominant inducers of antioxidative defence system in oysters from the study areas. This study suggests that, biomarker can be useful in assessing the combined effects of metal and bacterial contaminations on native oysters and in evaluating environmental quality in tropical estuarine systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Prantick Patra
- Biological Oceanography Division, CSIR-National Institute of Oceanography, Dona Paula, Goa, 403004, India; Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad, 201002, India
| | - Chellandi Mohandass
- CSIR-National Institute of Oceanography-Regional Centre, Mumbai, 400 053, India.
| | - Parthasarathi Chakraborty
- Centre for Oceans, Rivers, Atmosphere and Land Sciences, Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur, Kharagpur, West Bengal 721302, India
| | - Seyieleno C Seleyi
- Biological Oceanography Division, CSIR-National Institute of Oceanography, Dona Paula, Goa, 403004, India
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