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Xu YJ, Xu Z, Potter L. Connectivity of floodplain influences riverine carbon outgassing and dissolved carbon transport. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2024; 924:171604. [PMID: 38461978 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2024.171604] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2024] [Revised: 03/06/2024] [Accepted: 03/07/2024] [Indexed: 03/12/2024]
Abstract
Rivers not only function as a conduit for the delivery of terrestrial constituents to oceans, but they also serve as an essential medium for biogeochemical processing of the constituents. While extensive research has been conducted on carbon transport in many rivers, little is known about carbon transformation in engineered rivers reconnected with their floodplain network. Being the largest distributary of the levee-confined Mississippi River (MR), the Atchafalaya River (AR) carries 25 % of the MR water, flowing through North America's largest freshwater swamp basin and emptying into the Gulf of Mexico. Previous studies reported that this 200-km long, 5-30-km wide river basin can remove a substantial amount of riverine nutrients and organic carbon. This study aimed to test the hypothesis that the AR emits significantly higher CO2 into the atmosphere as it flows through its extensive floodplain network than the levee-confined MR does. From January 2019 to December 2021, we conducted biweekly - monthly in-situ measurements in the lower AR at Morgan City and in the lower Mississippi River at Baton Rouge. Field measurements included partial pressure of dissolved CO2 (pCO2), water temperature, chlorophyll a, colored dissolved organic matter, dissolved oxygen, pH, and turbidity. During each field sampling, water samples were collected and analyzed for concentrations of dissolved organic and inorganic carbon (DOC and DIC). Mass transport of DOC and DIC and outgassing of CO2 were quantified for the two rivers. We found that pCO2 levels were significantly higher in the AR (mean: 3563 μatm; min-max: 1130-8650 μatm) than those in the MR (1931 μatm, 836-3501 μatm), resulting in a doubled CO2 outgassing rate in the AR (486 mmol m2 d-1) than in the MR (241 mmol m2 d-1). The AR had higher DOC (8.5 mg L-1) but lower chlorophyll a (153.9 AFU) when compared with the MR (7.5 mg L-1 and 164.0 AFU). Water temperature was constantly higher in the AR than in the MR, especially during the wintertime. Since the Mississippi-Atchafalaya River system is among the world's largest and most engineered river systems, our assessment offers a field case study to inform on the potential implications of reconnecting rivers with their floodplains networks.
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Affiliation(s)
- Y Jun Xu
- School of Renewable Natural Resources, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, LA 70803, USA; Coastal Studies Institute, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, LA 70803, USA.
| | - Zhen Xu
- School of Renewable Natural Resources, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, LA 70803, USA; Department of Watershed Sciences, Utah State University, Logan, UT 84322, USA
| | - Lee Potter
- School of Renewable Natural Resources, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, LA 70803, USA
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Giao NT, Nhien HTH, Anh PK, Thuptimdang P. Combination of water quality, pollution indices, and multivariate statistical techniques for evaluating the surface water quality variation in Can Tho City, Vietnam. ENVIRONMENTAL MONITORING AND ASSESSMENT 2022; 194:844. [PMID: 36175696 DOI: 10.1007/s10661-022-10474-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2022] [Accepted: 09/10/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
This study assessed the surface water quality in Can Tho city, Vietnam, using a combination of water quality, pollution indices, and multivariate statistical methods. Surface water samples were collected at 38 locations with a frequency of 4 times in 2020 (March, June, September, and December) and at the time of high and low tides to analyze for 18 indicators. Results showed that surface water in Can Tho city was contaminated with organic matters and microorganisms. Parameters of pH, turbidity, total suspended solids (TSS), biochemical oxygen demand (BOD), chemical oxygen demand (COD), N-NH4+, and N-NO3- are significantly increased with low tide. Comprehensive pollution index indicated mild to moderately polluted water in March, June, and September and moderately to severely polluted water in December. Organic pollution index revealed that surface water quality in all locations was polluted with organic matters during the study period especially in March and December. The water quality index also indicated that water quality in December was mostly classified as moderate and bad. The principal component analysis indicated that surface water quality could be affected by five main sources that explain 64.40% of the total variation. This significantly caused the fluctuation of pH, temperature, turbidity, TSS, DO, BOD, COD, N-NH4+, P-PO43-, Fe, and As, which should all be the focus for future monitoring. Surface water management in Can Tho city should also emphasize on the wastewater from urbanization and agriculture, which has been recognized by the analysis to have highest contribution to organic, nutrient, and microbial pollutants in the water bodies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nguyen Thanh Giao
- Department of Environmental Management, College of Environment and Natural Resources, Can Tho University, Can Tho, 900000, Vietnam
| | - Huynh Thi Hong Nhien
- Department of Environmental Management, College of Environment and Natural Resources, Can Tho University, Can Tho, 900000, Vietnam
| | - Phan Kim Anh
- Department of Environmental Management, College of Environment and Natural Resources, Can Tho University, Can Tho, 900000, Vietnam
| | - Pumis Thuptimdang
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, 52000, Thailand.
- Environmental Science Research Center, Faculty of Science, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, 52000, Thailand.
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Peralta-Maraver I, Rutere C, Horn MA, Reche I, Behrends V, Reiss J, Robertson AL. Intermediate Levels of Predation and Nutrient Enrichment Enhance the Activity of Ibuprofen-Degrading Bacteria. MICROBIAL ECOLOGY 2022:10.1007/s00248-022-02109-2. [PMID: 36112189 DOI: 10.1007/s00248-022-02109-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2022] [Accepted: 09/08/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Water is the most indispensable natural resource; yet, organic pollution of freshwater sources is widespread. In recent years, there has been increasing concern over the vast array of emerging organic contaminants (EOCs) in the effluent of wastewater treatment plants (WWTPs). Several of these EOCs are degraded within the pore space of riverbeds by active microbial consortia. However, the mechanisms behind this ecosystem service are largely unknown. Here, we report how phosphate concentration and predator-prey interactions drive the capacity of bacteria to process a model EOC (ibuprofen). The presence of phosphate had a significant positive effect on the population growth rate of an ibuprofen-degrading strain. Thus, when phosphate was present, ibuprofen removal efficiency increased. Moreover, low and medium levels of predation, by a ciliated protozoan, stimulated bacterial population growth. This unimodal effect of predation was lost under high phosphate concentration, resulting in the flattening of the relationships between predator density and population growth of ibuprofen degraders. Our results suggest that moderate nutrient and predation levels promote the growth rate of bacterial degraders and, consequently, the self-purifying capability of the system. These findings enhance our understanding of the mechanisms by which riverbed communities drive the processing of EOCs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ignacio Peralta-Maraver
- School of Life and Health Sciences, University of Roehampton, London, UK.
- Departamento de Ecología e Intituto del Agua, Universidad de Granada, Granada, Spain.
- Research Unit Modeling Nature, Universidad de Granada, Granada, Spain.
| | - Cyrus Rutere
- Department of Ecological Microbiology, University of Bayreuth, Bayreuth, Germany
| | - Marcus A Horn
- Department of Ecological Microbiology, University of Bayreuth, Bayreuth, Germany
- Institute of Microbiology, Leibniz Universität Hannover, Hanover, Germany
| | - Isabel Reche
- Departamento de Ecología e Intituto del Agua, Universidad de Granada, Granada, Spain
- Research Unit Modeling Nature, Universidad de Granada, Granada, Spain
| | - Volker Behrends
- School of Life and Health Sciences, University of Roehampton, London, UK
| | - Julia Reiss
- School of Life and Health Sciences, University of Roehampton, London, UK
| | - Anne L Robertson
- School of Life and Health Sciences, University of Roehampton, London, UK
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Nandan A, Siddiqui NA, Singh C, Aeri A, Gwenzi W, Ighalo JO, de Carvalho Nagliate P, Meili L, Singh P, Chaukura N, Rangabhashiyam S. COVID-19 pandemic in Uttarakhand, India: Environmental recovery or degradation? JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL CHEMICAL ENGINEERING 2021; 9:106595. [PMID: 34692403 PMCID: PMC8523312 DOI: 10.1016/j.jece.2021.106595] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2021] [Revised: 10/10/2021] [Accepted: 10/13/2021] [Indexed: 05/09/2023]
Abstract
The human coronavirus disease-2019 (COVID-19) caused by SARS-CoV-2 is now a global pandemic. Personal hygiene such as hand-washing, the use of personal protective equipment, and social distancing via local and national lockdowns are used to reduce the risk of transmission of SARS-CoV-2. COVID-19 and the associated lockdowns may have significant impacts on environmental quality and ergonomics. However, limited studies exists on the impacts of COVID-19 and the associated lockdowns on environmental quality and ergonomics in low-income settings. Therefore, the present study investigated the impacts of the COVID-19 outbreak on socioeconomics, ergonomics and environment (water quality, air quality and noise) in Uttarakhand, India. Approximately 55% of respondents experienced headaches, and the other common health-related issue was back pain, with 45% of respondents having problems with their backs. Water and air quality significantly improved during the lockdown relative to the pre-lockdown period, but was observed to return to their previous characteristics afterwards. Lockdowns significant increased the concentration of indoor air pollutants while noise pollution levels significantly declined. In summary, lockdowns have adverse impacts on ergonomics, resulting in work-related human health risks. The impacts of lockdowns on environmental quality are mixed: temporary improvements on water and air quality, and noise reduction were observed, but indoor air quality deteriorated. Therefore, during lockdowns there is a need to minimize the adverse environmental and ergonomic impacts of lockdowns while simultaneously enhancing the beneficial impacts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abhishek Nandan
- University of Petroleum and Energy Studies, Premnagar, Dehradun, India
| | - N A Siddiqui
- University of Petroleum and Energy Studies, Premnagar, Dehradun, India
| | - Chandrakant Singh
- University of Petroleum and Energy Studies, Premnagar, Dehradun, India
| | - Ashish Aeri
- University of Petroleum and Energy Studies, Premnagar, Dehradun, India
| | - Willis Gwenzi
- Biosystems and Environmental Engineering Research Group, Department of Agricultural and Biosystems Engineering, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Zimbabwe, P.O. Box MP 167, Mount Pleasant, Harare, Zimbabwe
| | - Joshua O Ighalo
- Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Ilorin, P. M. B. 1515, Ilorin, Nigeria
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Nnamdi Azikiwe University, P. M. B. 5025, Awka, Nigeria
| | | | - Lucas Meili
- Laboratory of Process, Center of Technology, Federal University of Alagoas, Maceió, AL, Brazil
| | - Pardeep Singh
- School of Advanced Chemical Sciences, Shoolini University, Solan, Himachal Pradesh 173212, India
| | - Nhamo Chaukura
- Department of Physical and Earth Sciences, Sol Plaatje University, Kimberley, South Africa
| | - Selvasembian Rangabhashiyam
- Department of Biotechnology, School of Chemical and Biotechnology, SASTRA Deemed University, Thanjavur 613401, Tamil Nadu, India
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Romero GQ, Moi DA, Nash LN, Antiqueira PAP, Mormul RP, Kratina P. Pervasive decline of subtropical aquatic insects over 20 years driven by water transparency, non-native fish and stoichiometric imbalance. Biol Lett 2021; 17:20210137. [PMID: 34102072 PMCID: PMC8187010 DOI: 10.1098/rsbl.2021.0137] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2021] [Accepted: 05/12/2021] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Insect abundance and diversity are declining worldwide. Although recent research found freshwater insect populations to be increasing in some regions, there is a critical lack of data from tropical and subtropical regions. Here, we examine a 20-year monitoring dataset of freshwater insects from a subtropical floodplain comprising a diverse suite of rivers, shallow lakes, channels and backwaters. We found a pervasive decline in abundance of all major insect orders (Odonata, Ephemeroptera, Trichoptera, Megaloptera, Coleoptera, Hemiptera and Diptera) and families, regardless of their functional role or body size. Similarly, Chironomidae species richness decreased over the same time period. The main drivers of this pervasive insect decline were increased concurrent invasions of non-native insectivorous fish, water transparency and changes to water stoichiometry (i.e. N : P ratios) over time. All these drivers represent human impacts caused by reservoir construction. This work sheds light on the importance of long-term studies for a deeper understanding of human-induced impacts on aquatic insects. We highlight that extended anthropogenic impact monitoring and mitigation actions are pivotal in maintaining freshwater ecosystem integrity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gustavo Q. Romero
- Laboratory of Multitrophic Interactions and Biodiversity, Department of Animal Biology, Institute of Biology, University of Campinas (UNICAMP), Campinas, SP 13083-862, Brazil
| | - Dieison A. Moi
- Graduate Program in Ecology of Inland Water Ecosystems (PEA), Department of Biology (DBI), Center of Biological Sciences (CCB), State University of Maringá (UEM), Brazil
| | - Liam N. Nash
- School of Biological and Chemical Sciences, Queen Mary University of London, Mile End Road, London E1 4NS, UK
| | - Pablo A. P. Antiqueira
- Laboratory of Multitrophic Interactions and Biodiversity, Department of Animal Biology, Institute of Biology, University of Campinas (UNICAMP), Campinas, SP 13083-862, Brazil
| | - Roger P. Mormul
- Graduate Program in Ecology of Inland Water Ecosystems (PEA), Department of Biology (DBI), Center of Biological Sciences (CCB), State University of Maringá (UEM), Brazil
| | - Pavel Kratina
- School of Biological and Chemical Sciences, Queen Mary University of London, Mile End Road, London E1 4NS, UK
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