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Lan X, Ning Z, Jia Y, Lin W, Xiao E, Cheng Q, Cai Q, Xiao T. The rhizosphere microbiome reduces the uptake of arsenic and tungsten by Blechnum orientale by increasing nutrient cycling in historical tungsten mining area soils. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2024; 924:171429. [PMID: 38442750 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2024.171429] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/03/2024] [Revised: 02/29/2024] [Accepted: 02/29/2024] [Indexed: 03/07/2024]
Abstract
The growth of pioneer plants in metal mining area soil is closely related to their minimal uptake of toxic elements. Pioneer plants can inhibit the uptake of toxic elements by increasing nutrient uptake. However, few studies have focused on the mechanisms by which the rhizosphere microbiome affect nutrient cycling and their impact on the uptake of toxic elements by pioneer plants. In this study, we selected Blechnum orientale to investigate the potential roles of the rhizosphere microbiome in nutrient cycling and plant growth in a historical tungsten (W) mining area. Our results showed that while the arsenic (As) and W contents in the soil were relatively high, the enrichment levels of As and W in the B. orientale were relatively low. Furthermore, we found that the As and W contents in plants were significantly negatively correlated with soil nutrients (S, P and Mo), suggesting that elevated levels of these soil nutrients could inhibit As and W uptake by B. orientale. Importantly, we found that these nutrients were also identified as the most important factors shaping rhizosphere microbial attributes, including microbial diversity, ecological clusters, and keystone OTUs. Moreover, the genera, keystone taxa and microbial functional genes enriched in the rhizosphere soils from mining areas played a key role in nutrient (S, P and Mo) bioavailability, which could further increase the nutrient uptake by B. orientale. Taken together, our results suggest that rhizosphere microorganisms can improve pioneer plant growth by inhibiting toxic element accumulation via the increase in nutrient cycling in former W mining areas.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaolong Lan
- School of Chemistry and Environmental Engineering, Hanshan Normal University, Chaozhou 521041, China
| | - Zengping Ning
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Geochemistry, Institute of Geochemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guiyang 550081, China
| | - Yanlong Jia
- School of Chemistry and Environmental Engineering, Hanshan Normal University, Chaozhou 521041, China.
| | - Wenjie Lin
- School of Chemistry and Environmental Engineering, Hanshan Normal University, Chaozhou 521041, China.
| | - Enzong Xiao
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Guangzhou University, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Qianyun Cheng
- School of Geography, Hanshan Normal University, Chaozhou 521041, China
| | - Qiaoxue Cai
- School of Chemistry and Environmental Engineering, Hanshan Normal University, Chaozhou 521041, China
| | - Tangfu Xiao
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Guangzhou University, Guangzhou 510006, China
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Song A, Liang S, Li H, Yan B. Effects of biodiversity on functional stability of freshwater wetlands: a systematic review. Front Microbiol 2024; 15:1397683. [PMID: 38650885 PMCID: PMC11033414 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2024.1397683] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2024] [Accepted: 03/27/2024] [Indexed: 04/25/2024] Open
Abstract
Freshwater wetlands are the wetland ecosystems surrounded by freshwater, which are at the interface of terrestrial and freshwater ecosystems, and are rich in ecological composition and function. Biodiversity in freshwater wetlands plays a key role in maintaining the stability of their habitat functions. Due to anthropogenic interference and global change, the biodiversity of freshwater wetlands decreases, which in turn destroys the habitat function of freshwater wetlands and leads to serious degradation of wetlands. An in-depth understanding of the effects of biodiversity on the stability of habitat function and its regulation in freshwater wetlands is crucial for wetland conservation. Therefore, this paper reviews the environmental drivers of habitat function stability in freshwater wetlands, explores the effects of plant diversity and microbial diversity on habitat function stability, reveals the impacts and mechanisms of habitat changes on biodiversity, and further proposes an outlook for freshwater wetland research. This paper provides an important reference for freshwater wetland conservation and its habitat function enhancement.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aiwen Song
- State Key Laboratory of Black Soils Conservation and Utilization, Northeast Institute of Geography and Agroecology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Shen Liang
- State Key Laboratory of Black Soils Conservation and Utilization, Northeast Institute of Geography and Agroecology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Huai Li
- State Key Laboratory of Black Soils Conservation and Utilization, Northeast Institute of Geography and Agroecology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun, China
| | - Baixing Yan
- State Key Laboratory of Black Soils Conservation and Utilization, Northeast Institute of Geography and Agroecology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun, China
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Zhang F, Deng Y, Peng R, Jiang H, Bai L. Bioremediation of paddy soil with amphitropic mixture markedly attenuates rice cadmium: Effect of soil cadmium removal and Fe/S-cycling bacteria in rhizosphere. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2024; 915:169876. [PMID: 38185152 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2024.169876] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2023] [Revised: 12/12/2023] [Accepted: 01/01/2024] [Indexed: 01/09/2024]
Abstract
Cadmium (Cd) pollution in paddy soil can easily lead to excessive Cd in rice, thereby considerably threatening human health. Microbial leaching is an effective pathway for the mobilization and removal of Cd from soil. In this study, an amphitropic mixture (AM) composed of autotrophic and heterotrophic microbial strains was used to leach Cd-contaminated paddy fields. Chemical analysis showed that the AM effectively removed 52 % of the total Cd, 39 % of the available Cd, and 60 % of the exchangeable and carbonate-bound Cd from the paddy soil. After bioleaching, the Cd in the discarded AM solution was adsorbed using a metal adsorbent. Effects of remediation on the soil nutrients or secondary pollution were not significant. Microbial analysis showed that >96 % and 67 % of the indigenous bacteria and fungi, respectively, remained in the AM-remediated soil. Double-cropped rice was cultivated to evaluate the Cd removal efficiency of grains using AM remediation. The Cd in early and late brown rice decreased by 86 % and 56 %, respectively, which was higher than that found for a series of biochemical remediation materials reported in other studies. Furthermore, the AM remediation promoted the growth of iron (Fe)- and sulfur (S)-cycling bacteria in the rice rhizosphere, such as Sulfuricurvum, Desulfurivibrio and Geobacter etc., which reduced the Cd availability in the soil and rice uptake. This study shows that AM has potential applications in the remediation of Cd-contaminated paddy fields and provides a new pathway for safe rice production.
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Affiliation(s)
- Feng Zhang
- Hunan Institute of Agro-Environment and Ecology, Hunan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Changsha 410125, China; Hunan Agricultural Biotechnology Research Institute, Hunan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Changsha 410125, China
| | - Yan Deng
- Hunan Agricultural Biotechnology Research Institute, Hunan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Changsha 410125, China
| | - Rui Peng
- Hunan Hybrid Rice Research Center, Changsha City 410125, China
| | - Huidan Jiang
- Hunan Agricultural Biotechnology Research Institute, Hunan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Changsha 410125, China.
| | - Lianyang Bai
- Hunan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Changsha 410125, China.
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Chen X, Yu T, Zeng XC. Functional features of a novel Sb(III)- and As(III)-oxidizing bacterium: Implications for the interactions between bacterial Sb(III) and As(III) oxidation pathways. CHEMOSPHERE 2024; 352:141385. [PMID: 38316280 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2024.141385] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/24/2023] [Revised: 01/31/2024] [Accepted: 02/03/2024] [Indexed: 02/07/2024]
Abstract
Antimony (Sb) and arsenic (As) share similar chemical characteristics and commonly coexist in contaminated environments. It has been reported that the biogeochemical cycles of antimony and arsenic affect each other. However, there is limited understanding regarding microbial coupling between the biogeochemical processes of antimony and arsenic. Here, we aimed to solve this issue. We successfully isolated a novel bacterium, Shinella sp. SbAsOP1, which possesses both Sb(III) and As(III) oxidase, and can effectively oxidize both Sb(III) and As(III) under aerobic and anaerobic conditions. SbAsOP1 exhibits greater aerobic oxidation activity for the oxidation of As(III) or Sb(III) compared to its anaerobic activity. SbAsOP1 also significantly catalyzes the oxidative mobilization of solid-phase Sb(III) under aerobic conditions. The activity of SbAsOP1 in oxidizing solid Sb(III) is 3 times lower than its activity in oxidizing soluble form. It is noteworthy that, in the presence of both Sb(III) and As(III) under aerobic conditions, either As(III) or Sb(III) significantly inhibits the oxidation of Sb(III) or As(III), respectively. In comparison, under anaerobic conditions and in the coexistence of Sb(III) and As(III), As(III) significantly inhibits Sb(III) oxidation, whereas Sb(III) almost completely inhibits As(III) oxidation. These findings suggest that under both aerobic and anaerobic conditions, SbAsOP1 demonstrates a partial preference for Sb(III) oxidation. Additionally, bacterial oxidations of Sb(III) and As(III) mutually inhibit each other to varying degrees. These observations gain a novel understanding of the interplay between the biogeochemical processes of antimony and arsenic.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoming Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Biogeology and Environmental Geology & School of Environmental Studies, China University of Geosciences (Wuhan), Wuhan, Peoples' Republic of China
| | - Tingting Yu
- State Key Laboratory of Biogeology and Environmental Geology & School of Environmental Studies, China University of Geosciences (Wuhan), Wuhan, Peoples' Republic of China
| | - Xian-Chun Zeng
- State Key Laboratory of Biogeology and Environmental Geology & School of Environmental Studies, China University of Geosciences (Wuhan), Wuhan, Peoples' Republic of China.
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Hernandez DJ, Kiesewetter KN, Almeida BK, Revillini D, Afkhami ME. Multidimensional specialization and generalization are pervasive in soil prokaryotes. Nat Ecol Evol 2023; 7:1408-1418. [PMID: 37550510 DOI: 10.1038/s41559-023-02149-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2022] [Accepted: 07/04/2023] [Indexed: 08/09/2023]
Abstract
Habitat specialization underpins biological processes from species distributions to speciation. However, organisms are often described as specialists or generalists based on a single niche axis, despite facing complex, multidimensional environments. Here, we analysed 236 environmental soil microbiomes across the United States and demonstrate that 90% of >1,200 prokaryotes followed one of two trajectories: specialization on all niche axes (multidimensional specialization) or generalization on all axes (multidimensional generalization). We then documented that this pervasive multidimensional specialization/generalization had many ecological and evolutionary consequences. First, multidimensional specialization and generalization are highly conserved with very few transitions between these two trajectories. Second, multidimensional generalists dominated communities because they were 73 times more abundant than specialists. Lastly, multidimensional specialists played important roles in community structure with ~220% more connections in microbiome networks. These results indicate that multidimensional generalization and specialization are evolutionarily stable with multidimensional generalists supporting larger populations and multidimensional specialists playing important roles within communities, probably stemming from their overrepresentation among pollutant detoxifiers and nutrient cyclers. Taken together, we demonstrate that the vast majority of soil prokaryotes are restricted to one of two multidimensional niche trajectories, multidimensional specialization or multidimensional generalization, which then has far-reaching consequences for evolutionary transitions, microbial dominance and community roles.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Daniel Revillini
- Department of Biology, University of Miami, Coral Gables, FL, USA
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Pan WS, Zou Q, Hu M, Li WC, Xiong XR, Qi YT, Wu C. Microbial community composition and cooccurrence patterns driven by co-contamination of arsenic and antimony in antimony-mining area. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2023; 454:131535. [PMID: 37148793 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2023.131535] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2023] [Revised: 04/08/2023] [Accepted: 04/27/2023] [Indexed: 05/08/2023]
Abstract
In the current study, a typical Sb mine was selected to explore the microbial community composition and assembly driven by the cocontamination of As/Sb with geographic distance. Our results showed that environmental parameters, especially pH, TOC, nitrate, total and bioavailable As/Sb contents largely affected the microbial community diversity and composition. The total and bioavailable As/Sb levels were significantly positively correlated with the relative abundance of Zavarzinella, Thermosporothrix and Holophaga, while the pH presented a significant negative correlation with the three genera, potentially implying they are important taxonomic groups in acid-mining soils. The cooccurrence network analysis indicated the environmental stress dominated by pH and As/Sb co-contamination affected the microbial modularity and interaction. Meanwhile, Homogeneous selection (HoS, 26.4-49.3%), and drift and others (DR, 27.1∼40.2%) were the most important assembly processes for soil bacterial, and the importance of HoS decreased and the DR increased with geographic distance to the contamination source respectively. Soil pH, nutrient availability, total and bioavailable As/Sb contents significantly affected the HoS and DR processes. This study provides theoretical support for microbial remediation in metal(loid)-contaminated soils.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei-Song Pan
- College of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Hunan Agriculture University, Changsha 410128, China
| | - Qi Zou
- South China Institute of Environmental Sciences, MEE, Guangzhou 510535, China; School of Metallurgy and Environment, Central South University, Changsha 410083, China.
| | - Min Hu
- Guangdong Key Laboratory of Integrated Agro-environmental Pollution Control and Management, Institute of Eco-environmental and Soil Sciences, Guangdong Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510520, China
| | - Wai-Chin Li
- Department of Science and Environmental Studies, The Education University of Hong Kong, Administrative Region, Hong Kong, China
| | - Xiao-Ran Xiong
- College of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Hunan Agriculture University, Changsha 410128, China
| | - Yan-Ting Qi
- School of Metallurgy and Environment, Central South University, Changsha 410083, China
| | - Chuan Wu
- School of Metallurgy and Environment, Central South University, Changsha 410083, China.
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Gong Y, Yang S, Chen S, Zhao S, Ai Y, Huang D, Yang K, Cheng H. Soil microbial responses to simultaneous contamination of antimony and arsenic in the surrounding area of an abandoned antimony smelter in Southwest China. ENVIRONMENT INTERNATIONAL 2023; 174:107897. [PMID: 37001217 DOI: 10.1016/j.envint.2023.107897] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2022] [Revised: 03/10/2023] [Accepted: 03/21/2023] [Indexed: 06/19/2023]
Abstract
Soil contamination with heavy metal(loid)s may influence microbial activities in the soil, and consequently jeopardize soil health. Microbial responses to soil contamination play an important role in ecological risk assessment. This study investigated the effect of heavy metal(loid)s contamination on microbial community structure and abundance in the surrounding soil of an abandoned antimony (Sb) smelter in Qinglong county, Guizhou province, Southwest China. A total of 46 soil samples were collected from ten sampling sites (labelled as A-I, and CK) across the study area at depths of 0-2, 2-10, 10-20, 20-30, 30-40, and 40-50 cm. The soil samples were analyzed for total and bioavailable heavy metal(loid) concentrations, bacterial, fungal, and archaeal community structures, diversities, and functions, together with soil basic physicochemical properties. Much greater ecological risk of Sb and arsenic (As) was present in the surface soil (0-2 cm) compared to that in the subsoils. The activities of dominant microorganisms tended to be associated with soil pH and heavy metal(loid)s (i.e., Sb, As, lead (Pb), cadmium (Cd), and chromium (Cr)). Bacteria associated with IMCC26256, Rhizobiales, Burkholderiales, and Gaiellales, and archaea associated with Methanocellales were estimated to be tolerant to high concentrations of Sb and As in the soil. In addition, the magnitude of soil microbial responses to Sb and As contamination was in the order of archaea > bacteria > fungi. In contrast to the negligible response of fungi and negative response of bacteria to Sb and As contamination, there was a strongly positive correlation between archaeal activity and total Sb and As concentrations in the soil. Our findings provide a theoretical basis for the remediation of Sb smelter-affected soil.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yiwei Gong
- College of Water Sciences, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, China
| | - Shuwen Yang
- College of Water Sciences, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, China
| | - Shaoyang Chen
- College of Water Sciences, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, China
| | - Shoudao Zhao
- College of Water Sciences, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, China
| | - Yadi Ai
- College of Water Sciences, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, China
| | - Di Huang
- School of Environment, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, China
| | - Kai Yang
- College of Water Sciences, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, China.
| | - Hongguang Cheng
- College of Water Sciences, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, China.
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8
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Yan F. Effects of climate changes on net primary productivity variation in the marsh area of the Sanjiang Plain. Front Ecol Evol 2022. [DOI: 10.3389/fevo.2022.1002397] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The Sanjiang Plain includes the largest freshwater marsh in China, playing an important role in regional carbon cycle. As an important indicator of carbon cycle, the net primary productivity (NPP) is a crucial index for estimating the carbon storage of marshy wetlands. Investigating the association between climate factors and NPP variation quantitatively is of great significance for estimating carbon sequestration of marsh. Based on NPP data and climatic data from 1954 to 2014, the spatiotemporal change of NPP in marsh area was analyzed and its association with climate factors was investigated in the Sanjiang Plain in this study. The results indicated that the NPP showed an increase trend in the marsh area of the Sanjiang Plain in the past six decades. Temperate growth made the largest contribution to the NPP increase among the main climate factors in the last six decades, followed by CO2 concentration. Solar Radiation had the largest explanatory power on the spatial distribution of NPP among three climate factors before 1985. After 1985, temperature played an important role in leading the NPP distribution. Results also showed that the explanatory power of interactions between climate factors was stronger than that of single factor. Our results highlight the asymmetric effects of interactions between climate factors on marsh vegetation, which should be adequately considered in estimating carbon sequestration in marsh area in the Sanjiang Plain.
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Su P, Gao P, Sun W, Gao W, Xu F, Wang Q, Xiao E, Soleimani M, Sun X. Keystone taxa and functional analysis in arsenic and antimony co-contaminated rice terraces. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2022; 29:61236-61246. [PMID: 35438402 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-022-20160-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/07/2022] [Accepted: 04/04/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Both arsenic (As) and antimony (Sb) are primary environmental contaminants that often co-exist at contaminated sites. Though the microbial community compositions of As- and Sb-contaminated sites have been previously described, the changes in microbial community interactions and community functions remain elusive. In the current study, several key metabolic processes, such as As/Sb detoxification and carbon fixation, were enriched under heavily contaminated conditions. Furthermore, the identified keystone taxa, which are associated with the families Nitrosomonadaceae, Pedosphaeraceae, Halieaceae, and Latescibacterota, demonstrated positive correlations with As and Sb concentrations, indicating that they may be resistant to As and Sb toxicities. Accordingly, arsenic resistance-related functions, along with several functions such as carbon fixation, were found to be enriched in heavily contaminated sites. The current study elucidated the key microbial populations in As- and Sb-contaminated rice terraces and may provide useful information for remediation purposes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pingzhou Su
- Key Laboratory of Water Quality and Conservation in the Pearl River Delta, Ministry of Education, School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Guangzhou University, Guangzhou, 510006, People's Republic of China
- National-Regional Joint Engineering Research Center for Soil Pollution Control and Remediation in South China, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Integrated Agro-Environmental Pollution Control and Management, Institute of Eco-Environmental and Soil Sciences, Guangdong Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, 510650, People's Republic of China
- Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Joint Laboratory for Environmental Pollution and ControlGuangzhou Institute of Geochemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, 510640, China
| | - Pin Gao
- National-Regional Joint Engineering Research Center for Soil Pollution Control and Remediation in South China, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Integrated Agro-Environmental Pollution Control and Management, Institute of Eco-Environmental and Soil Sciences, Guangdong Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, 510650, People's Republic of China
- Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Joint Laboratory for Environmental Pollution and ControlGuangzhou Institute of Geochemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, 510640, China
| | - Weimin Sun
- National-Regional Joint Engineering Research Center for Soil Pollution Control and Remediation in South China, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Integrated Agro-Environmental Pollution Control and Management, Institute of Eco-Environmental and Soil Sciences, Guangdong Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, 510650, People's Republic of China
- Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Joint Laboratory for Environmental Pollution and ControlGuangzhou Institute of Geochemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, 510640, China
- School of Environment, Key Laboratory of Yellow River and Huai River Water Environment and Pollution Control, Ministry of Education, Henan Normal University, Xinxiang, 453007, China
| | - Wenlong Gao
- National-Regional Joint Engineering Research Center for Soil Pollution Control and Remediation in South China, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Integrated Agro-Environmental Pollution Control and Management, Institute of Eco-Environmental and Soil Sciences, Guangdong Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, 510650, People's Republic of China
- Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Joint Laboratory for Environmental Pollution and ControlGuangzhou Institute of Geochemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, 510640, China
| | - Fuqing Xu
- National-Regional Joint Engineering Research Center for Soil Pollution Control and Remediation in South China, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Integrated Agro-Environmental Pollution Control and Management, Institute of Eco-Environmental and Soil Sciences, Guangdong Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, 510650, People's Republic of China
- Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Joint Laboratory for Environmental Pollution and ControlGuangzhou Institute of Geochemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, 510640, China
| | - Qi Wang
- National-Regional Joint Engineering Research Center for Soil Pollution Control and Remediation in South China, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Integrated Agro-Environmental Pollution Control and Management, Institute of Eco-Environmental and Soil Sciences, Guangdong Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, 510650, People's Republic of China
- Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Joint Laboratory for Environmental Pollution and ControlGuangzhou Institute of Geochemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, 510640, China
| | - Enzong Xiao
- Key Laboratory of Water Quality and Conservation in the Pearl River Delta, Ministry of Education, School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Guangzhou University, Guangzhou, 510006, People's Republic of China
| | - Mohsen Soleimani
- Department of Natural Resources, Isfahan University of Technology, 8415683111, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Xiaoxu Sun
- National-Regional Joint Engineering Research Center for Soil Pollution Control and Remediation in South China, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Integrated Agro-Environmental Pollution Control and Management, Institute of Eco-Environmental and Soil Sciences, Guangdong Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, 510650, People's Republic of China.
- Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Joint Laboratory for Environmental Pollution and ControlGuangzhou Institute of Geochemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, 510640, China.
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