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Lv S, Hong T, Wan M, Peng L, Zhao Y, Sun L, Zou X. Multifunctional Mesoporous Silica Nanosheets for Smart Pesticide Delivery and Enhancing Pesticide Deposition. Langmuir 2023; 39:12807-12816. [PMID: 37625097 DOI: 10.1021/acs.langmuir.3c01661] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/27/2023]
Abstract
A multifunctional nanopesticide delivery system is considered to be a novel and efficient tool for controlling pests in modern agriculture. In this study, a mesoporous silica nanosheet (H-MSN) carrier for intelligent delivery of pesticides was prepared by the sol-gel method. The prepared H-MSN carrier had obvious hexagonal flat structure, with a specific surface area of 759.9 m2/g, a transverse diameter of about 340 nm, a thickness of about 80 nm, and regular channels being perpendicular to the plane. Polyethylene glycol diacrylate (PEGDA) and sulfhydryl-modified polyethylenimide (PEI-SH) were used to block the insecticide after loading the insecticide imidacloprid (IMI). The introduction of hydrophilic PEI-SH/PEGDA greatly improved the leaf wettability and adhesion ability of H-MSN. The retention amount of IMI@H-MSN@PEI-SH/PEGDA on cucumber and cabbage leaves was up to 46.0 mg/cm2 and 19.0 mg/cm2, respectively. IMI@H-MSN@PEI-SH/PEGDA showed pH- and GSH-responsive release. Compared with pure IMI, IMI entrapped in MSN carriers has favorable biocompatibility and antiphotolytic properties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuoshuo Lv
- National & Local Joint Engineering Research Center for Applied Technology of Hybrid Nanomaterials, Henan University, Kaifeng 475001, China
| | - Tao Hong
- National & Local Joint Engineering Research Center for Applied Technology of Hybrid Nanomaterials, Henan University, Kaifeng 475001, China
| | - Menghui Wan
- National & Local Joint Engineering Research Center for Applied Technology of Hybrid Nanomaterials, Henan University, Kaifeng 475001, China
| | - Lichao Peng
- National & Local Joint Engineering Research Center for Applied Technology of Hybrid Nanomaterials, Henan University, Kaifeng 475001, China
| | - Yanbao Zhao
- National & Local Joint Engineering Research Center for Applied Technology of Hybrid Nanomaterials, Henan University, Kaifeng 475001, China
| | - Lei Sun
- National & Local Joint Engineering Research Center for Applied Technology of Hybrid Nanomaterials, Henan University, Kaifeng 475001, China
| | - Xueyan Zou
- National & Local Joint Engineering Research Center for Applied Technology of Hybrid Nanomaterials, Henan University, Kaifeng 475001, China
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Grabner D, Rothe LE, Sures B. Parasites and Pollutants: Effects of Multiple Stressors on Aquatic Organisms. Environ Toxicol Chem 2023; 42:1946-1959. [PMID: 37283208 DOI: 10.1002/etc.5689] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2023] [Revised: 03/16/2023] [Accepted: 06/04/2023] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Parasites can affect their hosts in various ways, and this implies that parasites may act as additional biotic stressors in a multiple-stressor scenario, resembling conditions often found in the field if, for example, pollutants and parasites occur simultaneously. Therefore, parasites represent important modulators of host reactions in ecotoxicological studies when measuring the response of organisms to stressors such as pollutants. In the present study, we introduce the most important groups of parasites occurring in organisms commonly used in ecotoxicological studies ranging from laboratory to field investigations. After briefly explaining their life cycles, we focus on parasite stages affecting selected ecotoxicologically relevant target species belonging to crustaceans, molluscs, and fish. We included ecotoxicological studies that consider the combination of effects of parasites and pollutants on the respective model organism with respect to aquatic host-parasite systems. We show that parasites from different taxonomic groups (e.g., Microsporidia, Monogenea, Trematoda, Cestoda, Acanthocephala, and Nematoda) clearly modulate the response to stressors in their hosts. The combined effects of environmental stressors and parasites can range from additive, antagonistic to synergistic. Our study points to potential drawbacks of ecotoxicological tests if parasite infections of test organisms, especially from the field, remain undetected and unaddressed. If these parasites are not detected and quantified, their physiological effects on the host cannot be separated from the ecotoxicological effects. This may render this type of ecotoxicological test erroneous. In laboratory tests, for example to determine effect or lethal concentrations, the presence of a parasite can also have a direct effect on the concentrations to be determined and thus on the subsequently determined security levels, such as predicted no-effect concentrations. Environ Toxicol Chem 2023;42:1946-1959. © 2023 The Authors. Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry published by Wiley Periodicals LLC on behalf of SETAC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel Grabner
- Aquatic Ecology and Centre for Water and Environmental Research, University of Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany
| | - Louisa E Rothe
- Aquatic Ecology and Centre for Water and Environmental Research, University of Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany
| | - Bernd Sures
- Aquatic Ecology and Centre for Water and Environmental Research, University of Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany
- Research Center One Health Ruhr, Research Alliance Ruhr, University Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany
- Water Research Group, Unit for Environmental Sciences and Management, North-West University, Potchefstroom, South Africa
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Schreiner VC, Liebmann L, Feckler A, Liess M, Link M, Schneeweiss A, Truchy A, von Tümpling W, Vormeier P, Weisner O, Schäfer RB, Bundschuh M. Standard Versus Natural: Assessing the Impact of Environmental Variables on Organic Matter Decomposition in Streams Using Three Substrates. Environ Toxicol Chem 2023; 42:2007-2018. [PMID: 36718721 DOI: 10.1002/etc.5577] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2022] [Revised: 11/29/2022] [Accepted: 01/25/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
The decomposition of allochthonous organic matter, such as leaves, is a crucial ecosystem process in low-order streams. Microbial communities, including fungi and bacteria, colonize allochthonous organic material, break up large molecules, and increase the nutritional value for macroinvertebrates. Environmental variables are known to affect microbial as well as macroinvertebrate communities and alter their ability to decompose organic matter. Studying the relationship between environmental variables and decomposition has mainly been realized using leaves, with the drawbacks of differing substrate composition and consequently between-study variability. To overcome these drawbacks, artificial substrates have been developed, serving as standardizable surrogates. In the present study, we compared microbial and total decomposition of leaves with the standardized substrates of decotabs and, only for microbial decomposition, of cotton strips, across 70 stream sites in a Germany-wide study. Furthermore, we identified the most influential environmental variables for the decomposition of each substrate from a range of 26 variables, including pesticide toxicity, concentrations of nutrients, and trace elements, using stability selection. The microbial as well as total decomposition of the standardized substrates (i.e., cotton strips and decotabs) were weak or not associated with that of the natural substrate (i.e., leaves, r² < 0.01 to r² = 0.04). The decomposition of the two standardized substrates, however, showed a moderate association (r² = 0.21), which is probably driven by their similar composition, with both being made of cellulose. Different environmental variables were identified as the most influential for each of the substrates and the directions of these relationships contrasted between the substrates. Our results imply that these standardized substrates are unsuitable surrogates when investigating the decomposition of allochthonous organic matter in streams. Environ Toxicol Chem 2023;42:2007-2018. © 2023 The Authors. Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry published by Wiley Periodicals LLC on behalf of SETAC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Verena C Schreiner
- iES Landau, Institute for Environmental Sciences, RPTU Kaiserslautern-Landau, Landau, Germany
| | - Liana Liebmann
- Helmholtz Centre for Environmental Research, UFZ, Leipzig, Germany
- Department Evolutionary Ecology & Environmental Toxicology, Faculty of Biological Sciences, Institute of Ecology, Diversity and Evolution, Goethe University Frankfurt, Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | - Alexander Feckler
- iES Landau, Institute for Environmental Sciences, RPTU Kaiserslautern-Landau, Landau, Germany
- Eusserthal Ecosystem Research Station, RPTU Kaisterslautern-Landau, Eusserthal, Germany
| | - Matthias Liess
- Helmholtz Centre for Environmental Research, UFZ, Leipzig, Germany
- Institute for Environmental Research, RWTH Aachen University, Aachen, Germany
| | - Moritz Link
- iES Landau, Institute for Environmental Sciences, RPTU Kaiserslautern-Landau, Landau, Germany
| | - Anke Schneeweiss
- iES Landau, Institute for Environmental Sciences, RPTU Kaiserslautern-Landau, Landau, Germany
| | - Amélie Truchy
- Department of Aquatic Sciences and Assessment, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, Uppsala, Sweden
- INRAE, Centre Lyon-Grenoble Auvergne-Rhône-Alpes, Villeurbanne, France
| | | | - Philipp Vormeier
- Helmholtz Centre for Environmental Research, UFZ, Leipzig, Germany
- Institute for Environmental Research, RWTH Aachen University, Aachen, Germany
| | - Oliver Weisner
- iES Landau, Institute for Environmental Sciences, RPTU Kaiserslautern-Landau, Landau, Germany
- Helmholtz Centre for Environmental Research, UFZ, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Ralf B Schäfer
- iES Landau, Institute for Environmental Sciences, RPTU Kaiserslautern-Landau, Landau, Germany
| | - Mirco Bundschuh
- iES Landau, Institute for Environmental Sciences, RPTU Kaiserslautern-Landau, Landau, Germany
- Department of Aquatic Sciences and Assessment, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, Uppsala, Sweden
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Yang Z, He S, Feng T, Lin Y, Chen M, Li Q, Chen Q. Spatial variation in the community structure and response of benthic macroinvertebrates to multiple environmental factors in mountain rivers. J Environ Manage 2023; 341:118027. [PMID: 37141723 DOI: 10.1016/j.jenvman.2023.118027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2023] [Revised: 04/22/2023] [Accepted: 04/24/2023] [Indexed: 05/06/2023]
Abstract
Exploring the response between benthic community changes and environmental variables has significance for restoring the health of river ecosystems. However, little is known of the impact on communities of interactions between multiple environmental factors, and frequent changes in the flow of mountain rivers are different from those in the flow of plain river networks, which also impact differently the benthic community. Thus, there is a need for research on the response of benthic communities to environmental changes in mountain rivers under flow regulation. In this study, we collected samples from the Jiangshan River in the dry season (November 2021) and the wet season (July 2022) to investigate the aquatic ecology and benthic macroinvertebrate communities in the watershed. Multi-dimension analyses were used to analyze the spatial variation in the community structure and response of benthic macroinvertebrates to multiple environmental factors. In addition, the explanatory power of the interaction between multiple factors on the spatial variation of communities, and the distribution characteristics of benthic community and their causes were investigated. The results showed that herbivores are the most abundant forms in the benthic community of mountain rivers. The structure of benthic community in Jiangshan River was significantly affected by water quality and substrate, whereas the overall community structure was affected by river flow conditions. Furthermore, nitrite nitrogen and ammonium nitrogen were the key environmental factors impacting the spatial heterogeneity of communities during the dry and wet season, respectively. Meanwhile, the interaction between these environmental factors showed a synergistic effect, enhancing the influence of these environmental factors on community structure. Thus, controlling urban and agricultural pollution and releasing ecological flow would be effective strategies to improve benthic biodiversity. Our study showed that using the interaction of environmental factors was a suitable way to evaluate the association between environmental variables and variation in benthic macroinvertebrate community structure in river ecosystems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zaoli Yang
- Center for Eco-Environmental Research, Nanjing Hydraulic Research Institute, Nanjing, 210029, China
| | - Shufeng He
- Center for Eco-Environmental Research, Nanjing Hydraulic Research Institute, Nanjing, 210029, China
| | - Tao Feng
- Center for Eco-Environmental Research, Nanjing Hydraulic Research Institute, Nanjing, 210029, China
| | - Yuqing Lin
- Center for Eco-Environmental Research, Nanjing Hydraulic Research Institute, Nanjing, 210029, China; Yangtze Institute for Conservation and Green Development, Nanjing, 210029, China.
| | - Mo Chen
- Center for Eco-Environmental Research, Nanjing Hydraulic Research Institute, Nanjing, 210029, China
| | - Qinyuan Li
- Center for Eco-Environmental Research, Nanjing Hydraulic Research Institute, Nanjing, 210029, China
| | - Qiuwen Chen
- Center for Eco-Environmental Research, Nanjing Hydraulic Research Institute, Nanjing, 210029, China; State Key Laboratory of Hydrology-Water Resources and Hydraulic Engineering, Nanjing Hydraulic Research Institute, Nanjing, 210029, China; Yangtze Institute for Conservation and Green Development, Nanjing, 210029, China.
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Sarkis N, Geffard O, Souchon Y, Chandesris A, Ferréol M, Valette L, François A, Piffady J, Chaumot A, Villeneuve B. Identifying the impact of toxicity on stream macroinvertebrate communities in a multi-stressor context based on national ecological and ecotoxicological monitoring databases. Sci Total Environ 2023; 859:160179. [PMID: 36395849 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2022.160179] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2022] [Revised: 11/08/2022] [Accepted: 11/10/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
In situ bioassays are used to measure the harmful effects induced by mixtures of toxic chemicals in watercourses. In France, national-scale biomonitoring data are available including invertebrate surveys and in-field chemical toxicity measures with caged gammarids to assess environmental toxicity of mixtures of chemicals. The main objective of our study is to present a proof-of-concept approach identifying possible links between in-field chemical toxicity, stressors and the ecological status. We used two active biomonitoring databases comprising lethal toxicity (222 in situ measures of gammarid mortality) and sublethal toxicity (101 in situ measures of feeding inhibition). We measured the ecological status of each active biomonitoring site using the I2M2 metric (macroinvertebrate-based multimetric index), accounted for known stressors of nutrients and organic matter, hydromorphology and chemical toxicity. We observed a negative relationship between stressors (hydromorphology, nutrients and organic matter, and chemical toxicity) and the good ecological status. This relationship was aggravated in watercourses where toxicity indicators were degraded. We validated this hypothesis for instance with nutrients and organic matter like nitrates or hydromorphological conditions like percentage of vegetation on banks. Future international assesments concerning the role of in-field toxic pollution on the ecological status in a multi-stressor context are now possible via the current methodology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Noëlle Sarkis
- INRAE, UR RiverLy, EcoFlowS, F-69625 Villeurbanne, France
| | - Olivier Geffard
- INRAE, UR RiverLy, Laboratoire d'écotoxicologie, F-69625 Villeurbanne, France
| | - Yves Souchon
- INRAE, UR RiverLy, EcoFlowS, F-69625 Villeurbanne, France
| | | | | | | | - Adeline François
- INRAE, UR RiverLy, Laboratoire d'écotoxicologie, F-69625 Villeurbanne, France
| | - Jérémy Piffady
- INRAE, UR RiverLy, EcoFlowS, F-69625 Villeurbanne, France
| | - Arnaud Chaumot
- INRAE, UR RiverLy, Laboratoire d'écotoxicologie, F-69625 Villeurbanne, France
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