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Yokota Y, Takaki K, Baba K, Sasaki S, Hirano H, Osada H, Kataoka T. Amiodarone inhibits the Toll-like receptor 3-mediated nuclear factor κB signaling pathway by blocking organelle acidification. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2024; 708:149801. [PMID: 38531219 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2024.149801] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2024] [Accepted: 03/18/2024] [Indexed: 03/28/2024]
Abstract
Toll-like receptor (TLR) agonists or pro-inflammatory cytokines converge to activate the nuclear factor κB (NF-κB) signaling pathway, which provokes inflammatory responses. In the present study, we identified amiodarone hydrochloride as a selective inhibitor of the TLR3-mediated NF-κB signaling pathway by screening the RIKEN NPDepo Chemical Library. In human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVEC), amiodarone selectively inhibited the expression of intercellular adhesion molecule-1 (ICAM-1) induced by polyinosinic-polycytidylic acid (Poly(I:C)), but not tumor necrosis factor-α, interleukin-1α, or lipopolysaccharide. In response to a Poly(I:C) stimulation, amiodarone at 20 μM reduced the up-regulation of mRNA expression encoding ICAM-1, vascular cell adhesion molecule-1, and E-selectin. The nuclear translocation of the NF-κB subunit RelA was inhibited by amiodarone at 15-20 μM in Poly(I:C)-stimulated HUVEC. Amiodarone diminished the fluorescent dots of LysoTracker® Red DND-99 scattered over the cytoplasm of HUVEC. Therefore, the present study revealed that amiodarone selectively inhibited the TLR3-mediated NF-κB signaling pathway by blocking the acidification of intracellular organelles.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuka Yokota
- Department of Applied Biology, Kyoto Institute of Technology, Matsugasaki, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto, 606-8585, Japan
| | - Keiko Takaki
- Department of Applied Biology, Kyoto Institute of Technology, Matsugasaki, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto, 606-8585, Japan
| | - Kosuke Baba
- Department of Applied Biology, Kyoto Institute of Technology, Matsugasaki, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto, 606-8585, Japan
| | - Saki Sasaki
- Department of Applied Biology, Kyoto Institute of Technology, Matsugasaki, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto, 606-8585, Japan
| | - Hiroyuki Hirano
- Chemical Resource Development Research Unit, RIKEN Center for Sustainable Resource Science, Wako, Saitama, 351-0198, Japan
| | - Hiroyuki Osada
- Chemical Resource Development Research Unit, RIKEN Center for Sustainable Resource Science, Wako, Saitama, 351-0198, Japan; Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Shizuoka, Shizuoka, 422-8526, Japan
| | - Takao Kataoka
- Department of Applied Biology, Kyoto Institute of Technology, Matsugasaki, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto, 606-8585, Japan; Biomedical Research Center, Kyoto Institute of Technology, Matsugasaki, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto, 606-8585, Japan.
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Rong Y, Xu M, Hu T, Zhang S, Fu J, Liu H. Effects of butyrate on intestinal ischemia-reperfusion injury via the HMGB1-TLR4-MyD88 signaling pathway. Aging (Albany NY) 2024; 16:7961-7978. [PMID: 38709282 PMCID: PMC11131991 DOI: 10.18632/aging.205797] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2023] [Accepted: 04/09/2024] [Indexed: 05/07/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND This study combined bioinformatics and experimental verification in a mouse model of intestinal ischemia-reperfusion injury (IRI) to explore the protection mechanism exerted by butyrate against IRI. METHODS GeneCards, Bioinformatics Analysis Tool for Molecular Mechanisms of Traditional Chinese Medicine and GSE190581 were used to explore the relationship between butyrate and IRI and aging. Protein-protein interaction networks involving butyrate and IRI were constructed via the STRING database, with hub gene analysis performed through Cytoscape. Functional enrichment analysis was conducted on intersection genes. A mouse model of IRI was established, followed by direct arterial injection of butyrate. The experiment comprised five groups: normal, sham, model, vehicle, low-dose butyrate, and high-dose butyrate. Intestinal tissue observation was done via transmission electron microscopy (TEM), histological examination via hematoxylin and eosin (H&E) staining, tight junction proteins detection via immunohistochemistry, and Western blot analysis of hub genes. Drug-target interactions were evaluated through molecular docking. RESULTS Butyrate protected against IRI by targeting 458 genes, including HMGB1 and TLR4. Toll-like receptor pathway was implicated. Butyrate improved intestinal IRI by reducing mucosal damage, increasing tight junction proteins, and lowering levels of HMGB1, TLR4, and MyD88. Molecular docking showed strong binding energies between butyrate and HMGB1 (-3.7 kcal/mol) and TLR4 (-3.8 kcal/mol). CONCLUSIONS According to bioinformatics predictions, butyrate mitigates IRI via multiple-target and multiple-channel mechanisms. The extent of IRI can be reduced by butyrate through the inhibition of the HMGB1-TLR4-MyD88 signaling pathway, which is related to senescence.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuanyuan Rong
- Department of Anesthesiology, The Fourth Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang 050011, Hebei, China
| | - Meili Xu
- Department of Anesthesiology, The Fourth Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang 050011, Hebei, China
| | - Tao Hu
- Department of Anesthesiology, The Fourth Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang 050011, Hebei, China
| | - Shasha Zhang
- Department of Anesthesiology, The Fourth Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang 050011, Hebei, China
| | - Jianfeng Fu
- Department of Anesthesiology, The Fourth Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang 050011, Hebei, China
| | - Huaqin Liu
- Department of Anesthesiology, The Fourth Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang 050011, Hebei, China
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Li Q, Nie H. Advances in lung ischemia/reperfusion injury: unraveling the role of innate immunity. Inflamm Res 2024; 73:393-405. [PMID: 38265687 DOI: 10.1007/s00011-023-01844-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2023] [Revised: 12/03/2023] [Accepted: 12/18/2023] [Indexed: 01/25/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Lung ischemia/reperfusion injury (LIRI) is a common occurrence in clinical practice and represents a significant complication following pulmonary transplantation and various diseases. At the core of pulmonary ischemia/reperfusion injury lies sterile inflammation, where the innate immune response plays a pivotal role. This review aims to investigate recent advancements in comprehending the role of innate immunity in LIRI. METHODS A computer-based online search was performed using the PubMed database and Web of Science database for published articles concerning lung ischemia/reperfusion injury, cell death, damage-associated molecular pattern molecules (DAMPs), innate immune cells, innate immunity, inflammation. RESULTS During the process of lung ischemia/reperfusion, cellular injury even death can occur. When cells are injured or undergo cell death, endogenous ligands known as DAMPs are released. These molecules can be recognized and bound by pattern recognition receptors (PRRs), leading to the recruitment and activation of innate immune cells. Subsequently, a cascade of inflammatory responses is triggered, ultimately exacerbating pulmonary injury. These steps are complex and interrelated rather than being in a linear relationship. In recent years, significant progress has been made in understanding the immunological mechanisms of LIRI, involving novel types of cell death, the ability of receptors other than PRRs to recognize DAMPs, and a more detailed mechanism of action of innate immune cells in ischemia/reperfusion injury (IRI), laying the groundwork for the development of novel diagnostic and therapeutic approaches. CONCLUSIONS Various immune components of the innate immune system play critical roles in lung injury after ischemia/reperfusion. Preventing cell death and the release of DAMPs, interrupting DAMPs receptor interactions, disrupting intracellular inflammatory signaling pathways, and minimizing immune cell recruitment are essential for lung protection in LIRI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qingqing Li
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, 238 Jiefang Road, Wuchang District, Wuhan, 430060, China
| | - Hanxiang Nie
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, 238 Jiefang Road, Wuchang District, Wuhan, 430060, China.
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Mierzejewski B, Pulik Ł, Grabowska I, Sibilska A, Ciemerych MA, Łęgosz P, Brzoska E. Coding and noncoding RNA profile of human heterotopic ossifications - Risk factors and biomarkers. Bone 2023; 176:116883. [PMID: 37597797 DOI: 10.1016/j.bone.2023.116883] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2023] [Revised: 08/08/2023] [Accepted: 08/16/2023] [Indexed: 08/21/2023]
Abstract
Heterotopic ossification (HO) means the formation of bone in muscles and soft tissues, such as ligaments or tendons. HO could have a genetic history or develop after a traumatic event, as a result of muscle injury, fractures, burns, surgery, or neurological disorders. Many lines of evidence suggest that the formation of HO is related to the pathological differentiation of stem or progenitor cells present within soft tissues or mobilized from the bone marrow. The cells responsible for the initiation and progression of HO are generally called HO precursor cells. The exact mechanisms behind the development of HO are not fully understood. However, several factors have been identified as potential contributors. For example, local tissue injury and inflammation disturb soft tissue homeostasis. Inflammatory cells release growth factors and cytokines that promote osteogenic or chondrogenic differentiation of HO precursor cells. The bone morphogenetic protein (BMP) is one of the main factors involved in the development of HO. In this study, next-generation sequencing (NGS) and RT-qPCR were performed to analyze the differences in mRNA, miRNA, and lncRNA expression profiles between muscles, control bone samples, and HO samples coming from patients who underwent total hip replacement (THR). As a result, crucial changes in the level of gene expression between HO and healthy tissues were identified. The bioinformatic analysis allowed to describe the processes most severely impacted, as well as genes which level differed the most significantly between HO and control samples. Our analysis showed that the level of transcripts involved in leukocyte migration, differentiation, and activation, as well as markers of chronic inflammatory diseases, that is, miR-148, increased in HO, as compared to muscle. Furthermore, the levels of miR-195 and miR-143, which are involved in angiogenesis, were up-regulated in HO, as compared to bone. Thus, we suggested that inflammation and angiogenesis play an important role in HO formation. Importantly, we noticed that HO is characterized by a higher level of TLR3 expression, compared to muscle and bone. Thus, we suggest that infection may also be a risk factor in HO development. Furthermore, an increased level of transcripts coding proteins involved in osteogenesis and signaling pathways, such as ALPL, SP7, BGLAP, BMP8A, BMP8B, SMPD3 was noticed in HO, as compared to muscles. Interestingly, miR-99b, miR-146, miR-204, and LINC00320 were up-regulated in HO, comparing to muscles and bone. Therefore, we suggested that these molecules could be important biomarkers of HO formation and a potential target for therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bartosz Mierzejewski
- Department of Cytology, Faculty of Biology, University of Warsaw, Miecznikowa 1 St, 02-096 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Łukasz Pulik
- Department of Orthopedics and Traumatology, Medical University of Warsaw, Lindley 4 St, 02-005 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Iwona Grabowska
- Department of Cytology, Faculty of Biology, University of Warsaw, Miecznikowa 1 St, 02-096 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Aleksandra Sibilska
- Department of Orthopedics and Traumatology, Medical University of Warsaw, Lindley 4 St, 02-005 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Maria Anna Ciemerych
- Department of Cytology, Faculty of Biology, University of Warsaw, Miecznikowa 1 St, 02-096 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Paweł Łęgosz
- Department of Orthopedics and Traumatology, Medical University of Warsaw, Lindley 4 St, 02-005 Warsaw, Poland.
| | - Edyta Brzoska
- Department of Cytology, Faculty of Biology, University of Warsaw, Miecznikowa 1 St, 02-096 Warsaw, Poland.
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Liu T, Zhuang XX, Gao JR. Identifying Aging-Related Biomarkers and Immune Infiltration Features in Diabetic Nephropathy Using Integrative Bioinformatics Approaches and Machine-Learning Strategies. Biomedicines 2023; 11:2454. [PMID: 37760894 PMCID: PMC10525809 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines11092454] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2023] [Revised: 08/16/2023] [Accepted: 08/25/2023] [Indexed: 09/29/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Aging plays an essential role in the development of diabetic nephropathy (DN). This study aimed to identify and verify potential aging-related genes associated with DN using bioinformatics analysis. METHODS To begin with, we combined the datasets from GEO microarrays (GSE104954 and GSE30528) to find the genes that were differentially expressed (DEGs) across samples from DN and healthy patient populations. By overlapping DEGs, weighted co-expression network analysis (WGCNA), and 1357 aging-related genes (ARGs), differentially expressed ARGs (DEARGs) were discovered. We next performed functional analysis to determine DEARGs' possible roles. Moreover, protein-protein interactions were examined using STRING. The hub DEARGs were identified using the CytoHubba, MCODE, and LASSO algorithms. We next used two validation datasets and Receiver Operating Characteristic (ROC) curves to determine the diagnostic significance of the hub DEARGs. RT-qPCR, meanwhile, was used to confirm the hub DEARGs' expression levels in vitro. In addition, we investigated the relationships between immune cells and hub DEARGs. Next, Gene Set Enrichment Analysis (GSEA) was used to identify each biomarker's biological role. The hub DEARGs' subcellular location and cell subpopulations were both identified and predicted using the HPA and COMPARTMENTS databases, respectively. Finally, drug-protein interactions were predicted and validated using STITCH and AutoDock Vina. RESULTS A total of 57 DEARGs were identified, and functional analysis reveals that they play a major role in inflammatory processes and immunomodulation in DN. In particular, aging and the AGE-RAGE signaling pathway in diabetic complications are significantly enriched. Four hub DEARGs (CCR2, VCAM1, CSF1R, and ITGAM) were further screened using the interaction network, CytoHubba, MCODE, and LASSO algorithms. The results above were further supported by validation sets, ROC curves, and RT-qPCR. According to an evaluation of immune infiltration, DN had significantly more resting mast cells and delta gamma T cells but fewer regulatory T cells and active mast cells. Four DEARGs have statistical correlations with them as well. Further investigation revealed that four DEARGs were implicated in immune cell abnormalities and regulated a wide range of immunological and inflammatory responses. Furthermore, the drug-protein interactions included four possible therapeutic medicines that target four DEARGs, and molecular docking could make this association practical. CONCLUSIONS This study identified four DEARGs (CCR2, VCAM1, CSF1R, and ITGAM) associated with DN, which might play a key role in the development of DN and could be potential biomarkers in DN.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tao Liu
- Department of Pharmacy, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui University of Chinese Medicine, Hefei 230012, China;
- College of Pharmacy, Anhui University of Chinese Medicine, Hefei 230011, China
| | - Xing-Xing Zhuang
- Department of Pharmacy, Chaohu Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Chaohu 238000, China;
| | - Jia-Rong Gao
- Department of Pharmacy, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui University of Chinese Medicine, Hefei 230012, China;
- College of Pharmacy, Anhui University of Chinese Medicine, Hefei 230011, China
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Katayama S, Yamazaki R, Umise H, Han HP, Mihara T, Uchiyama K, Takahashi H, Nakamura S. Lacticaseibacillus paracasei K71 Alleviates UVB-Induced Skin Barrier Dysfunction by Attenuating Inflammation via Increased IL-10 Production in Mice. Mol Nutr Food Res 2023; 67:e2200212. [PMID: 37471174 DOI: 10.1002/mnfr.202200212] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2022] [Revised: 04/05/2023] [Indexed: 07/22/2023]
Abstract
SCOPE Ultraviolet B (UVB) radiation causes skin barrier dysfunction, leading to decreased water-holding capacity, impaired epidermal barrier function, and increased skin thickness. This study investigates the protective effects of oral administration of Lacticaseibacillus paracasei K71 against skin barrier dysfunction in UVB-irradiated mice. METHODS AND RESULTS Mice are fed diets with or without K71 and irradiated with UVB three times a week for 12 weeks. Oral administration of K71 suppresses UVB-induced decrease in stratum corneum water content, mitigates the increase of transepidermal water loss, and decreases epidermal thickness of the dorsal skin. Treatment with K71 reverses the upregulation of inflammatory cytokines and the activation of nuclear factor-κB induced by UVB irradiation and upregulates the expression of anti-inflammatory IL-10 in the dorsal skin. Notable upregulation of IL-10 is observed in the spleens of K71-treated mice. K71 treatment enhances IL-10 production in J774.1 macrophages; however, this enhancement is diminished by inhibiting K71 phagocytosis and TLR3. Furthermore, transfection using K71 RNAs significantly increases IL-10 production. CONCLUSION These results indicate that K71 may alleviate UVB-induced skin barrier dysfunction by attenuating inflammation via increasing IL-10 production and that K71 RNAs may induce IL-10 production in macrophages. Therefore, K71 may be beneficial for preventing skin barrier dysfunction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shigeru Katayama
- Department of Agriculture, Graduate School of Science and Technology, Shinshu University, 8304 Minamiminowa, Kamiina, Nagano, 399-4598, Japan
- Institute for Biomedical Sciences, Interdisciplinary Cluster for Cutting Edge Research, Shinshu University, 8304 Minamiminowa, Kamiina, Nagano, 399-4598, Japan
| | - Rio Yamazaki
- Department of Agriculture, Graduate School of Science and Technology, Shinshu University, 8304 Minamiminowa, Kamiina, Nagano, 399-4598, Japan
| | - Hikaru Umise
- Department of Agriculture, Graduate School of Science and Technology, Shinshu University, 8304 Minamiminowa, Kamiina, Nagano, 399-4598, Japan
| | - Hsu Pei Han
- Department of Agriculture, Graduate School of Science and Technology, Shinshu University, 8304 Minamiminowa, Kamiina, Nagano, 399-4598, Japan
| | - Toshihiro Mihara
- Kameda Seika Co., Ltd., 3-1-1 Kameda-Kogyodanchi, Konan, Niigata, 950-0198, Japan
| | - Kimiko Uchiyama
- Kameda Seika Co., Ltd., 3-1-1 Kameda-Kogyodanchi, Konan, Niigata, 950-0198, Japan
| | - Hajime Takahashi
- Kameda Seika Co., Ltd., 3-1-1 Kameda-Kogyodanchi, Konan, Niigata, 950-0198, Japan
| | - Soichiro Nakamura
- Department of Agriculture, Graduate School of Science and Technology, Shinshu University, 8304 Minamiminowa, Kamiina, Nagano, 399-4598, Japan
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Danella EB, Costa de Medeiros M, D'Silva NJ. Cytokines secreted by inflamed oral mucosa: implications for oral cancer progression. Oncogene 2023; 42:1159-1165. [PMID: 36879116 DOI: 10.1038/s41388-023-02649-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/07/2022] [Revised: 02/10/2023] [Accepted: 02/23/2023] [Indexed: 03/08/2023]
Abstract
The oral mucosa has an essential role in protecting against physical, microbial, and chemical harm. Compromise of this barrier triggers a wound healing response. Key events in this response such as immune infiltration, re-epithelialization, and stroma remodeling are coordinated by cytokines that promote cellular migration, invasion, and proliferation. Cytokine-mediated cellular invasion and migration are also essential features in cancer dissemination. Therefore, exploration of cytokines that regulate each stage of oral wound healing will provide insights about cytokines that are exploited by oral squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) to promote tumor development and progression. This will aid in identifying potential therapeutic targets to constrain SCC recurrence and increase patient survival. In this review, we discuss cytokines that overlap in oral wounds and SCC, emphasizing how these cytokines promote cancer progression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Erika B Danella
- Periodontics and Oral Medicine, University of Michigan School of Dentistry, 1011 N. University Ave, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Marcell Costa de Medeiros
- Periodontics and Oral Medicine, University of Michigan School of Dentistry, 1011 N. University Ave, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Nisha J D'Silva
- Periodontics and Oral Medicine, University of Michigan School of Dentistry, 1011 N. University Ave, Ann Arbor, MI, USA. .,Pathology, University of Michigan Medical School, 1500 E Medical Center Dr, Ann Arbor, MI, USA. .,Rogel Cancer Center, 1500 E Medical Center Dr, Ann Arbor, MI, USA.
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Liu T, Zhuang XX, Qin XJ, Wei LB, Gao JR. The potential role of N6-methyladenosine modification of LncRNAs in contributing to the pathogenesis of chronic glomerulonephritis. Inflamm Res 2023; 72:623-638. [PMID: 36700958 DOI: 10.1007/s00011-023-01695-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2022] [Revised: 01/14/2023] [Accepted: 01/19/2023] [Indexed: 01/27/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Increasing evidence indicates that N6-methyladenosine (m6A) modification of mRNAs has been shown to play a critical role in the occurrence and development of many diseases, while little is known about m6A modification in long non-coding RNAs (LncRNAs). Our study aims to investigate the potential functions of LncRNA m6A modifications in lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced mouse mesangial cells (MMCs), providing us with a new perspective on the molecular mechanisms of chronic glomerulonephritis (CGN) pathogenesis. METHODS Differentially methylated LncRNAs were identified by Methylated RNA immunoprecipitation sequencing (MeRIP-seq). LncRNA-mRNA and LncRNA-associated LncRNA-miRNA-mRNA (CeRNA) networks were constructed by bioinformatics analysis. Furthermore, we utilized gene ontology (GO) and pathway enrichment analyses (KEGG) to explore target genes from co-expression networks. In addition, the total level of m6A RNA methylation and expression of methyltransferase and pro-inflammatory cytokines were detected by the colorimetric quantification method and western blot, respectively. Cell viability and cell cycle stage were detected by cell counting kit-8 (CCK-8) and flow cytometry. RESULTS In total, 1141 differentially m6A-methylated LncRNAs, including 529 hypermethylated LncRNAs and 612 hypomethylated LncRNAs, were determined by MeRIP-seq. The results of GO and KEGG analysis revealed that the target mRNAs were mainly enriched in signal pathways, such as the NF-kappa B signaling pathway, MAPK signaling pathway, Toll-like receptor signaling pathway, and apoptosis signaling pathway. In addition, higher METTL3 expression was found in CGN kidney tissues using the GEO database. METTL3 knockdown in MMC cells drastically reduced the levels of m6A RNA methylation, pro-inflammatory cytokines IL6 and TNF-α, and inhibited cell proliferation and cycle progression. CONCLUSIONS Our findings provide a basis and novel insight for further investigations of m6A modifications in LncRNAs for the pathogenesis of CGN.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tao Liu
- Department of Pharmacy, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui University of Chinese Medicine, Hefei, 230012, Anhui, China
- College of Pharmacy, Anhui University of Chinese Medicine, Hefei, 230011, Anhui, China
| | - Xing Xing Zhuang
- Department of Pharmacy, Chaohu Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Chaohu, 238000, Anhui, China
- College of Pharmacy, Anhui University of Chinese Medicine, Hefei, 230011, Anhui, China
| | - Xiu Juan Qin
- Department of Pharmacy, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui University of Chinese Medicine, Hefei, 230012, Anhui, China
| | - Liang Bing Wei
- Department of Pharmacy, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui University of Chinese Medicine, Hefei, 230012, Anhui, China
| | - Jia Rong Gao
- Department of Pharmacy, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui University of Chinese Medicine, Hefei, 230012, Anhui, China.
- Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Chinese Medicinal Formula, Hefei, 230031, Anhui, China.
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Petrusca L, Croisille P, Augeul L, Ovize M, Mewton N, Viallon M. Cardioprotective effects of shock wave therapy: A cardiac magnetic resonance imaging study on acute ischemia-reperfusion injury. Front Cardiovasc Med 2023; 10:1134389. [PMID: 37180809 PMCID: PMC10172681 DOI: 10.3389/fcvm.2023.1134389] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2022] [Accepted: 04/05/2023] [Indexed: 05/16/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction Cardioprotection strategies remain a new frontier in treating acute myocardial infarction (AMI), aiming at further protect the myocardium from the ischemia-reperfusion damage. Therefore, we aimed at investigating the mechano-transduction effects induced by shock waves (SW) therapy at time of the ischemia reperfusion as a non-invasive cardioprotective innovative approach to trigger healing molecular mechanisms. Methods We evaluated the SW therapy effects in an open-chest pig ischemia-reperfusion (IR) model, with quantitative cardiac Magnetic Resonance (MR) imaging performed along the experiments at multiple time points (baseline (B), during ischemia (I), at early reperfusion (ER) (∼15 min), and late reperfusion (LR) (3 h)). AMI was obtained by a left anterior artery temporary occlusion (50 min) in 18 pigs (32 ± 1.9 kg) randomized into SW therapy and control groups. In the SW therapy group, treatment was started at the end of the ischemia period and extended during early reperfusion (600 + 1,200 shots @0.09 J/mm2, f = 5 Hz). The MR protocol included at all time points LV global function assessment, regional strain quantification, native T1 and T2 parametric mapping. Then, after contrast injection (gadolinium), we obtained late gadolinium imaging and extra-cellular volume (ECV) mapping. Before animal sacrifice, Evans blue dye was administrated after re-occlusion for area-at-risk sizing. Results During ischemia, LVEF decreased in both groups (25 ± 4.8% in controls (p = 0.031), 31.6 ± 3.2% in SW (p = 0.02). After reperfusion, left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF) remained significantly decreased in controls (39.9 ± 4% at LR vs. 60 ± 5% at baseline (p = 0.02). In the SW group, LVEF increased quickly ER (43.7 ± 11.4% vs. 52.4 ± 8.2%), and further improved at LR (49.4 ± 10.1) (ER vs. LR p = 0.05), close to baseline reference (LR vs. B p = 0.92). Furthermore, there was no significant difference in myocardial relaxation time (i.e. edema) after reperfusion in the intervention group compared to the control group: ΔT1 (MI vs. remote) was increased by 23.2±% for SW vs. +25.2% for the controls, while ΔT2 (MI vs. remote) increased by +24.9% for SW vs. +21.7% for the control group. Discussion In conclusion, we showed in an ischemia-reperfusion open-chest swine model that SW therapy, when applied near the relief of 50' LAD occlusion, led to a nearly immediate cardioprotective effect translating to a reduction in the acute ischemia-reperfusion lesion size and to a significant LV function improvement. These new and promising results related to the multi-targeted effects of SW therapy in IR injury need to be confirmed by further in-vivo studies in close chest models with longitudinal follow-up.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lorena Petrusca
- Univ Lyon, UJM-Saint-Etienne, INSA, CNRS UMR 5520, INSERM U1206, Saint-Etienne, France
| | - Pierre Croisille
- Univ Lyon, UJM-Saint-Etienne, INSA, CNRS UMR 5520, INSERM U1206, Saint-Etienne, France
- Department of Radiology, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Saint- Etienne, Université Jean-Monnet, Saint-Etienne, France
| | - Lionel Augeul
- INSERM UMR 1060, CARMEN Laboratory, Université Lyon 1, Faculté de Medecine, Rockfeller, Lyon, France
| | - Michel Ovize
- INSERM UMR 1060, CARMEN Laboratory, Université Lyon 1, Faculté de Medecine, Rockfeller, Lyon, France
- Heart Failure Department, Clinical Investigation Center, Inserm 1407, HCL—Lyon, France
| | - Nathan Mewton
- INSERM UMR 1060, CARMEN Laboratory, Université Lyon 1, Faculté de Medecine, Rockfeller, Lyon, France
- Heart Failure Department, Clinical Investigation Center, Inserm 1407, HCL—Lyon, France
| | - Magalie Viallon
- Univ Lyon, UJM-Saint-Etienne, INSA, CNRS UMR 5520, INSERM U1206, Saint-Etienne, France
- Department of Radiology, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Saint- Etienne, Université Jean-Monnet, Saint-Etienne, France
- Correspondence: Magalie Viallon
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Liu T, Zhuang XX, Qin XJ, Wei LB, Gao JR. Identifying effective diagnostic biomarkers and immune infiltration features in chronic kidney disease by bioinformatics and validation. Front Pharmacol 2022; 13:1069810. [PMID: 36642989 PMCID: PMC9838551 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2022.1069810] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2022] [Accepted: 12/20/2022] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Chronic kidney disease (CKD), characterized by sustained inflammation and immune dysfunction, is highly prevalent and can eventually progress to end-stage kidney disease. However, there is still a lack of effective and reliable diagnostic markers and therapeutic targets for CKD. Methods: First, we merged data from GEO microarrays (GSE104948 and GSE116626) to identify differentially expressed genes (DEGs) in CKD and healthy patient samples. Then, we conducted GO, KEGG, HPO, and WGCNA analyses to explore potential functions of DEGs and select clinically significant modules. Moreover, STRING was used to analyse protein-protein interactions. CytoHubba and MCODE algorithms in the cytoscape plug-in were performed to screen hub genes in the network. We then determined the diagnostic significance of the obtained hub genes by ROC and two validation datasets. Meanwhile, the expression level of the biomarkers was verified by IHC. Furthermore, we examined immunological cells' relationships with hub genes. Finally, GSEA was conducted to determine the biological functions that biomarkers are significantly enriched. STITCH and AutoDock Vina were used to predict and validate drug-gene interactions. Results: A total of 657 DEGs were screened and functional analysis emphasizes their important role in inflammatory responses and immunomodulation in CKD. Through WGCNA, the interaction network, ROC curves, and validation set, four hub genes (IL10RA, CD45, CTSS, and C1QA) were identified. Furthermore, IHC of CKD patients confirmed the results above. Immune infiltration analysis indicated that CKD had a significant increase in monocytes, M0 macrophages, and M1 macrophages but a decrease in regulatory T cells, activated dendritic cells, and so on. Moreover, four hub genes were statistically correlated with them. Further analysis exhibited that IL10RA, which obtained the highest expression level in hub genes, was involved in abnormalities in various immune cells and regulated a large number of immune system responses and inflammation-related pathways. In addition, the drug-gene interaction network contained four potential therapeutic drugs targeting IL10RA, and molecular docking might make this relationship viable. Conclusion: IL10RA and its related hub molecules might play a key role in the development of CKD and could be potential biomarkers in CKD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tao Liu
- Department of Pharmacy, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui University of Chinese Medicine, Hefei, China,College of Pharmacy, Anhui University of Chinese Medicine, Hefei, China
| | - Xing Xing Zhuang
- Department of Pharmacy, Chaohu Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Chaohu, China
| | - Xiu Juan Qin
- Department of Pharmacy, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui University of Chinese Medicine, Hefei, China
| | - Liang Bing Wei
- Department of Pharmacy, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui University of Chinese Medicine, Hefei, China
| | - Jia Rong Gao
- Department of Pharmacy, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui University of Chinese Medicine, Hefei, China,Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Chinese Medicinal Formula, Hefei, China,*Correspondence: Jia Rong Gao,
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Graber M, Nägele F, Hirsch J, Pölzl L, Schweiger V, Lechner S, Grimm M, Cooke JP, Gollmann-Tepeköylü C, Holfeld J. Cardiac Shockwave Therapy – A Novel Therapy for Ischemic Cardiomyopathy? Front Cardiovasc Med 2022; 9:875965. [PMID: 35647069 PMCID: PMC9133452 DOI: 10.3389/fcvm.2022.875965] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2022] [Accepted: 04/12/2022] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Over the past decades, shockwave therapy (SWT) has gained increasing interest as a therapeutic approach for regenerative medicine applications, such as healing of bone fractures and wounds. More recently, pre-clinical studies have elucidated potential mechanisms for the regenerative effects of SWT in myocardial ischemia. The mechanical stimulus of SWT may induce regenerative effects in ischemic tissue via growth factor release, modulation of inflammatory response, and angiogenesis. Activation of the innate immune system and stimulation of purinergic receptors by SWT appears to enhance vascularization and regeneration of injured tissue with functional improvement. Intriguingly, small single center studies suggest that SWT may improve angina, exercise tolerance, and hemodynamics in patients with ischemic heart disease. Thus, SWT may represent a promising technology to induce cardiac protection or repair in patients with ischemic heart disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael Graber
- Department of Cardiac Surgery, Medical University of Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria
- Department of Cardiovascular Sciences, Center for Cardiovascular Regeneration, Houston Methodist Research Institute, Houston, TX, United States
| | - Felix Nägele
- Department of Cardiac Surgery, Medical University of Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Jakob Hirsch
- Department of Cardiac Surgery, Medical University of Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Leo Pölzl
- Department of Cardiac Surgery, Medical University of Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria
- Division of Clinical and Functional Anatomy, Medical University of Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Victor Schweiger
- Department of Cardiology, University Hospital Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Sophia Lechner
- Department of Cardiac Surgery, Medical University of Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Michael Grimm
- Department of Cardiac Surgery, Medical University of Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria
| | - John P. Cooke
- Department of Cardiovascular Sciences, Center for Cardiovascular Regeneration, Houston Methodist Research Institute, Houston, TX, United States
| | | | - Johannes Holfeld
- Department of Cardiac Surgery, Medical University of Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria
- *Correspondence: Johannes Holfeld,
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Sabatini C, Ayenew L, Khan T, Hall R, Lee T. Dental Pulp Cells Conditioning Through Poly(I:C) Activation of Toll-Like Receptor 3 (TLR3) for Amplification of Trophic Factors. J Endod 2022; 48:872-879. [PMID: 35447294 DOI: 10.1016/j.joen.2022.04.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2022] [Revised: 04/09/2022] [Accepted: 04/10/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Regeneration of the pulp-dentin complex hinges on functionally diverse growth factors, cytokines, chemokines, signaling molecules, and other secreted factors collectively referred to as trophic factors. Delivery of exogenous factors and induced release of endogenous dentin-bound factors by conditioning agents have been explored towards these goals. The aim of this study was to investigate a promising regeneration strategy based on the conditioning of dental pulp cells (DPCs) with polyinosinic-polycytidylic acid [poly(I:C)] for amplification of endogenous trophic factors. METHODS DPCs were isolated from human dental pulps, propagated in culture, and treated with an optimized dose of poly(I:C). MTT assay and metabolite analysis were conducted to monitor the cytotoxicity of poly(I:C). ELISA and qPCR assays were performed to quantify induction of trophic factors in response to DPC conditioning. Statistical significance was P < .05. RESULTS Analysis of 32 trophic factors involved in Wnt signaling, cell migration and chemotaxis, cell proliferation and differentiation, extracellular matrix (ECM) remodeling and angiogenesis, and immunoregulation revealed that DPCs abundantly express many trophic factors including AMF, BDNF, BMP2, FGF1, FGF2, FGF5, HGF, MCP1, NGF, SDF1, TGFβ1, TIMP1, TIMP2, TIMP3, and VEGF-A, many of which were further induced by DPC conditioning; induction, which was significant for BDNF, EGF, HGF, LIF, MCP1, SDF1, IL6, IL11, MMP9 and TIMP1. Both DPCs proliferation and lactate production (P < .05) were inhibited by 8 μg/ml poly(I:C) relative to the control. CONCLUSIONS In vitro DPC conditioning through poly(I:C) activation of TLR3 led to amplification of trophic factors involved in tissue repair. The strategy offers promise for endodontic regeneration and tooth repair and warrants further investigation.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - Techung Lee
- Department of Biochemistry, University at Buffalo, 3435 Main Street, Buffalo, NY 14214, USA
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13
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Lan X, Zhang W, Zhu J, Huang H, Mo K, Guo H, Zhu L, Liu J, Li M, Wang L, Liu C, Ji J, Ouyang H. dsRNA Induced IFNβ-MMP13 Axis Drives Corneal Wound Healing. Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci 2022; 63:14. [PMID: 35129588 PMCID: PMC8822365 DOI: 10.1167/iovs.63.2.14] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Purpose Cornea, the outermost transparent layer of the eye, is the first line of defense against external threats. Following injury, the wound healing response is crucial to corneal repair and regeneration, yet its underlying mechanism is poorly understood. Our study was designed to investigate the role of dsRNA and its regulatory network in corneal wound healing. Methods A corneal wound healing model was established via the surgical removal of half of the corneal surface and adjoining limbus. RNase III was then used to clarify the role of dsRNA in corneal wound closure and RNA-seq was performed to investigate the mechanism of dsRNA in the healing process. Related gene expression was assessed using immunofluorescence staining, qPCR, and Western blot. Flow cytometry and scratch assay were used to analyze the proliferation and migration of limbal stem/progenitor cells (LSCs) in vitro and functional analysis of the target genes was completed using the corneal wound healing model. Results Corneal wound healing was delayed and impaired when the dsRNAs were removed or damaged following RNase III digestion. The dsRNAs released following corneal damage activate type I interferon (IFN-I) signaling, primarily IFNβ, via the corneal epithelium and neutralizing IFNβ or blocking IFN-I signaling delays corneal wound closure. Moreover, our data identified MMP13 as a downstream effector of IFNβ where its expression promotes LSC proliferation and enhances corneal epithelial reconstruction in vivo. Conclusions The dsRNA induced IFNβ-MMP13 axis plays a key role in corneal wound healing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xihong Lan
- State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Zhongshan Ophthalmic Center, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Wang Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Zhongshan Ophthalmic Center, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jin Zhu
- State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Zhongshan Ophthalmic Center, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Huaxing Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Zhongshan Ophthalmic Center, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Kunlun Mo
- State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Zhongshan Ophthalmic Center, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Huizhen Guo
- State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Zhongshan Ophthalmic Center, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Liqiong Zhu
- State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Zhongshan Ophthalmic Center, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jiafeng Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Zhongshan Ophthalmic Center, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Mingsen Li
- State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Zhongshan Ophthalmic Center, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Li Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Zhongshan Ophthalmic Center, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Chunqiao Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Zhongshan Ophthalmic Center, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jianping Ji
- State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Zhongshan Ophthalmic Center, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Hong Ouyang
- State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Zhongshan Ophthalmic Center, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
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TLR3 Mediates Senescence and Immunosurveillance of Hepatic Stellate Cells. HEPATITIS MONTHLY 2021. [DOI: 10.5812/hepatmon.114381] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/13/2023]
Abstract
Background: Activation of hepatic stellate cells (HSCs) is an important driver of liver fibrosis, which is a health problem of global concern, and there is no effective solution for it at the present. Senescent activated HSCs are preferentially killed by natural killer cells (NK cells) to promote the regression of hepatic fibrosis. Objectives: The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of polyinosinic-polycytidylic acid (poly I:C) on HSCs’ senescence, a trigger for NK cell-induced cytotoxicity. Methods: The senescence of HSCs was assessed by western blot, qRT-PCR, and flow cytometry, and NK cell cytotoxicity was assessed in a co-culture of NK cells with poly I:C-treated HSCs by measuring CD107a expression. Results: The expression of p16, p21, SA-β-gal, MICA/MICB, and ULBP2 increased in poly I:C-treated HSCs, rendering them significantly susceptible to NK cell cytotoxicity. Conclusions: Poly I:C induces cellular senescence in HSCs and triggers NK cell immunosurveillance, suggesting that the role of poly I:C in HSC senescence may promote fibrosis regression.
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15
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Gollmann-Tepeköylü C, Graber M, Pölzl L, Nägele F, Moling R, Esser H, Summerer B, Mellitzer V, Ebner S, Hirsch J, Schäfer G, Hackl H, Cardini B, Oberhuber R, Primavesi F, Öfner D, Bonaros N, Troppmair J, Grimm M, Schneeberger S, Holfeld J, Resch T. Toll-like receptor 3 mediates ischaemia/reperfusion injury after cardiac transplantation. Eur J Cardiothorac Surg 2021; 57:826-835. [PMID: 32040169 DOI: 10.1093/ejcts/ezz383] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/03/2019] [Revised: 12/12/2019] [Accepted: 12/22/2019] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Ischaemia and subsequent reperfusion during heart transplantation inevitably result in donor organ injury. Toll-like receptor (TLR)-3 is a pattern recognition receptor activated by viral and endogenous RNA released by injured cells. We hypothesized that ischaemia/reperfusion injury (IRI) leads to RNA release with subsequent TLR3 activation in transplanted hearts. METHODS Human endothelial cells were subjected to IRI and treated with TLR3 agonist polyinosinic-polycytidylic acid or a TLR3/double-stranded RNA complex inhibitor. TLR3 activation was analysed using reporter cells. Gene expression profiles were evaluated via next-generation sequencing. Neutrophil adhesion was assessed in vitro. Syngeneic heart transplantation of wild-type or Tlr3-/- mice was performed following 9 h of cold ischaemia. Hearts were analysed for inflammatory gene expression, cardiac damage, apoptosis and infiltrating leucocytes. RESULTS IRI resulted in RNA release with subsequent activation of TLR3. Treatment with a TLR3 inhibitor abrogated the inflammatory response upon IRI. In parallel, TLR3 stimulation caused activation of the inflammasome. Endothelial IRI resulted in TLR3-dependent adhesion of neutrophils. Tlr3-/- animals showed reduced intragraft and splenic messenger ribonucleic acid (mRNA) expression of proinflammatory cytokines, resulting in decreased myocardial damage, apoptosis and infiltrating cells. Tlr3 deficiency protected from cardiac damage, apoptosis and leucocyte infiltration after cardiac transplantation. CONCLUSIONS We uncover the release of RNA by injured cells with subsequent activation of TLR3 as a crucial pathomechanism of IRI. Our data indicate that TLR3 represents a novel target in the prevention of IRI in solid organ transplantation.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Michael Graber
- Department of Cardiac Surgery, Medical University of Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Leo Pölzl
- Department of Cardiac Surgery, Medical University of Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Felix Nägele
- Department of Cardiac Surgery, Medical University of Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Rafael Moling
- Department of Visceral, Transplant and Thoracic Surgery, Medical University of Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Hannah Esser
- Department of Visceral, Transplant and Thoracic Surgery, Medical University of Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Bianca Summerer
- Department of Visceral, Transplant and Thoracic Surgery, Medical University of Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Vanessa Mellitzer
- Department of Visceral, Transplant and Thoracic Surgery, Medical University of Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Susanne Ebner
- Department of Visceral, Transplant and Thoracic Surgery, Medical University of Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Jakob Hirsch
- Department of Cardiac Surgery, Medical University of Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Georg Schäfer
- Department of Pathology, Medical University of Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Hubert Hackl
- Division of Bioinformatics, Biocenter, Medical University of Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Benno Cardini
- Department of Visceral, Transplant and Thoracic Surgery, Medical University of Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Rupert Oberhuber
- Department of Visceral, Transplant and Thoracic Surgery, Medical University of Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Florian Primavesi
- Department of Visceral, Transplant and Thoracic Surgery, Medical University of Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Dietmar Öfner
- Department of Visceral, Transplant and Thoracic Surgery, Medical University of Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Nikolaos Bonaros
- Department of Cardiac Surgery, Medical University of Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Jakob Troppmair
- Department of Visceral, Transplant and Thoracic Surgery, Medical University of Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Michael Grimm
- Department of Cardiac Surgery, Medical University of Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Stefan Schneeberger
- Department of Visceral, Transplant and Thoracic Surgery, Medical University of Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Johannes Holfeld
- Department of Cardiac Surgery, Medical University of Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Thomas Resch
- Department of Visceral, Transplant and Thoracic Surgery, Medical University of Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria
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Laura G, Liu Y, Fernandes K, Willis-Owen SAG, Ito K, Cookson WO, Moffatt MF, Zhang Y. ORMDL3 regulates poly I:C induced inflammatory responses in airway epithelial cells. BMC Pulm Med 2021; 21:167. [PMID: 34001091 PMCID: PMC8127224 DOI: 10.1186/s12890-021-01496-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2020] [Accepted: 04/06/2021] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Oroscomucoid 3 (ORMDL3) has been linked to susceptibility of childhood asthma and respiratory viral infection. Polyinosinic-polycytidylic acid (poly I:C) is a synthetic analog of viral double-stranded RNA, a toll-like receptor 3 (TLR3) ligand and mimic of viral infection. METHODS To investigate the functional role of ORMDL3 in the poly I:C-induced inflammatory response in airway epithelial cells, ORMDL3 knockdown and over-expression models were established in human A549 epithelial cells and primary normal human bronchial epithelial (NHBE) cells. The cells were stimulated with poly I:C or the Th17 cytokine IL-17A. IL-6 and IL-8 levels in supernatants, mRNA levels of genes in the TLR3 pathway and inflammatory response from cell pellets were measured. ORMDL3 knockdown models in A549 and BEAS-2B epithelial cells were then infected with live human rhinovirus (HRV16) followed by IL-6 and IL-8 measurement. RESULTS ORMDL3 knockdown and over-expression had little influence on the transcript levels of TLR3 in airway epithelial cells. Time course studies showed that ORMDL3-deficient A549 and NHBE cells had an attenuated IL-6 and IL-8 response to poly I:C stimulation. A549 and NHBE cells over-expressing ORMDL3 released relatively more IL-6 and IL-8 following poly I:C stimulation. IL-17A exhibited a similar inflammatory response in ORMDL3 knockdown and over-expressing cells, but co-stimulation of poly I:C and IL-17A did not significantly enhance the IL-6 and IL-8 response. Transcript abundance of IFNB following poly I:C stimulation was not significantly altered by ORMDL3 knockdown or over-expression. Dampening of the IL-6 response by ORMDL3 knockdown was confirmed in HRV16 infected BEAS-2B and A549 cells. CONCLUSIONS ORMDL3 regulates the viral inflammatory response in airway epithelial cells via mechanisms independent of the TLR3 pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gemma Laura
- National Heart and Lung Institute, Imperial College London, London, SW3 6LY, UK
| | - Yi Liu
- National Heart and Lung Institute, Imperial College London, London, SW3 6LY, UK
| | - Kieran Fernandes
- National Heart and Lung Institute, Imperial College London, London, SW3 6LY, UK
| | | | - Kazuhiro Ito
- National Heart and Lung Institute, Imperial College London, London, SW3 6LY, UK.,Pulmocide Ltd., London, WC2A 1AP, UK
| | - William O Cookson
- National Heart and Lung Institute, Imperial College London, London, SW3 6LY, UK
| | - Miriam F Moffatt
- National Heart and Lung Institute, Imperial College London, London, SW3 6LY, UK
| | - Youming Zhang
- National Heart and Lung Institute, Imperial College London, London, SW3 6LY, UK.
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Lv Y, Deng H, Liu Y, Chang K, Du H, Zhou P, Mao H, Hu C. The tyrosine kinase SRC of grass carp (Ctenopharyngodon idellus) up-regulates the expression of IFN I by activating TANK binding kinase 1. DEVELOPMENTAL AND COMPARATIVE IMMUNOLOGY 2021; 114:103834. [PMID: 32827605 DOI: 10.1016/j.dci.2020.103834] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2020] [Revised: 08/12/2020] [Accepted: 08/12/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
In response to viral infections, various pattern recognition receptors (PRRs) are activated for the production of type I interferon (IFN I). As a center of these receptor responses, TANK binding kinase-1 (TBK1) activates interferon regulatory factor 3 (IRF3). SRC is a member of Src family kinases (SFK) which participates in TBK1-mediated IFN I signaling pathway. In mammals, the immunological function of SRC is depended on its interaction with TBK1. To date, SRC has not been studied in fish. In this paper, we cloned the ORF of grass carp (Ctenopharyngodon idellus) SRC (CiSRC). CiSRC has a closer relationship with Sinocyclocheilus rhinocerous SRC (SrSRC). The expression level of CiSRC was significantly up-regulated following poly (I:C) stimulation in grass carp tissues and cells. Subcellular localization results showed that CiSRC is located both in the cytoplasm and nucleus, while CiTBK1 is only located in the cytoplasm of CIK cells. When GFP-CiSRC and FLAG-CiTBK1 were co-transfected into CIK cells, we found that they were co-localized in the cytoplasm. GST-pulldown and Co-immunoprecipitation analysis revealed that CiSRC and CiSRC tyrosine kinase domain deletion mutant (SRC-ΔTyrkc) can interact with CiTBK1, respectively. CiSRC promotes the phosphorylation of CiTBK1. Furthermore, the phosphorylation of TBK1 is more strongly under poly (I:C) stimulation. We also demonstrated that SRC can up-regulate IFN I expression. These results above unraveled that CiSRC initiates innate immune response by binding to and then up-regulating the phosphorylation of TBK1.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yangfeng Lv
- College of Life Science, Nanchang University, Nanchang, 330031, China
| | - Hang Deng
- College of Life Science, Nanchang University, Nanchang, 330031, China
| | - Yapeng Liu
- College of Life Science, Nanchang University, Nanchang, 330031, China
| | - Kaile Chang
- College of Life Science, Nanchang University, Nanchang, 330031, China
| | - Hailing Du
- College of Life Science, Nanchang University, Nanchang, 330031, China
| | - Pengcheng Zhou
- College of Life Science, Nanchang University, Nanchang, 330031, China
| | - Huiling Mao
- College of Life Science, Nanchang University, Nanchang, 330031, China.
| | - Chengyu Hu
- College of Life Science, Nanchang University, Nanchang, 330031, China.
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TLR3 augments glucocorticoid-synthetic enzymes expression in epidermal keratinocytes; Implications of glucocorticoid metabolism in rosacea epidermis. J Dermatol Sci 2020; 100:58-66. [PMID: 32888783 DOI: 10.1016/j.jdermsci.2020.08.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2020] [Revised: 08/22/2020] [Accepted: 08/25/2020] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND While most skin diseases benefit from topical steroids, rosacea symptoms are exacerbated by topical steroids. In the rosacea pathogenesis, abnormal innate immune mechanisms including overexpression of the Toll-like receptor (TLR) have been proposed. However, the links between glucocorticoid metabolism and innate immunity in the epidermis have not been elucidated. OBJECTIVE In order to understand the pathology by which rosacea symptoms are exacerbated by steroids and environment stimuli, we examined the molecular links between the innate immune system and glucocorticoid synthesis in epidermis. METHODS We examined the expression of glucocorticoid-synthetic enzymes in rosacea skin. We stimulated epidermal keratinocytes by TLR ligands and examined the regulation of glucocorticoid-synthetic enzymes. We also employed siRNA and adenovirus vectors to knockdown and transduce TLR molecules, respectively. RESULTS Rosacea epidermis showed high HSD11B1 in the granular layer. Among TLR ligands, TLR3 ligand Poly(I:C) enhanced the expression of multiple glucocorticoid-synthetic enzymes including HSD11B1 and CYP11A1, and increased cortisol in the cultured media. Induction of HSD11B1 by Poly(I:C) was abolished by pretreatment with TLR3 siRNA. Transfection with an adenoviral vector incorporating TLR3 enhanced HSD11B1 and CYP11A1 protein expression by Poly(I:C). In addition, cell staining revealed increased expression of HSD11B1 and CYP11A1 proteins in the group transfected with TLR3 under the same conditions. CONCLUSION TLR3-stimulated epidermal keratinocytes and rosacea epidermis enhance the expression of glucocorticoid-synthetic enzymes, which would promote cortisol activation in the epidermis. The innate immunity modulates glucocorticoid-synthetic enzymes expression via the TLR3 pathway in epidermal keratinocytes.
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Rahmati M, Silva EA, Reseland JE, A Heyward C, Haugen HJ. Biological responses to physicochemical properties of biomaterial surface. Chem Soc Rev 2020; 49:5178-5224. [PMID: 32642749 DOI: 10.1039/d0cs00103a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 132] [Impact Index Per Article: 33.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Biomedical scientists use chemistry-driven processes found in nature as an inspiration to design biomaterials as promising diagnostic tools, therapeutic solutions, or tissue substitutes. While substantial consideration is devoted to the design and validation of biomaterials, the nature of their interactions with the surrounding biological microenvironment is commonly neglected. This gap of knowledge could be owing to our poor understanding of biochemical signaling pathways, lack of reliable techniques for designing biomaterials with optimal physicochemical properties, and/or poor stability of biomaterial properties after implantation. The success of host responses to biomaterials, known as biocompatibility, depends on chemical principles as the root of both cell signaling pathways in the body and how the biomaterial surface is designed. Most of the current review papers have discussed chemical engineering and biological principles of designing biomaterials as separate topics, which has resulted in neglecting the main role of chemistry in this field. In this review, we discuss biocompatibility in the context of chemistry, what it is and how to assess it, while describing contributions from both biochemical cues and biomaterials as well as the means of harmonizing them. We address both biochemical signal-transduction pathways and engineering principles of designing a biomaterial with an emphasis on its surface physicochemistry. As we aim to show the role of chemistry in the crosstalk between the surface physicochemical properties and body responses, we concisely highlight the main biochemical signal-transduction pathways involved in the biocompatibility complex. Finally, we discuss the progress and challenges associated with the current strategies used for improving the chemical and physical interactions between cells and biomaterial surface.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maryam Rahmati
- Department of Biomaterials, Institute of Clinical Dentistry, University of Oslo, 0317 Oslo, Norway. h.j.haugen.odont.uio.no
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Ribonuclease alleviates hepatic ischemia-reperfusion injury by suppressing excessive cytokine release and TLR3-mediated apoptosis in mice. Cytokine 2020; 133:155178. [PMID: 32615412 DOI: 10.1016/j.cyto.2020.155178] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2020] [Revised: 05/27/2020] [Accepted: 06/13/2020] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
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21
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Østvik AE, Svendsen TD, Granlund AVB, Doseth B, Skovdahl HK, Bakke I, Thorsvik S, Afroz W, Walaas GA, Mollnes TE, Gustafsson BI, Sandvik AK, Bruland T. Intestinal Epithelial Cells Express Immunomodulatory ISG15 During Active Ulcerative Colitis and Crohn's Disease. J Crohns Colitis 2020; 14:920-934. [PMID: 32020185 PMCID: PMC7392169 DOI: 10.1093/ecco-jcc/jjaa022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND AIMS Intestinal epithelial cells [IECs] secrete cytokines that recruit immune cells to the mucosa and regulate immune responses that drive inflammation in inflammatory bowel disease [IBD]. However, experiments in patient-derived IEC models are still scarce. Here, we aimed to investigate how innate immunity and IEC-specific pattern recognition receptor [PRR] signalling can be involved in an enhanced type I interferon [IFN] gene signature observed in colon epithelium of patients with active IBD, with a special focus on secreted ubiquitin-like protein ISG15. METHODS Gene and protein expression in whole mucosa biopsies and in microdissected human colonic epithelial lining, in HT29 human intestinal epithelial cells and primary 3D colonoids treated with PRR-ligands and cytokines, were detected by transcriptomics, in situ hybridisation, immunohistochemistry, western blots, and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay [ELISA]. Effects of IEC-secreted cytokines were examined in human peripheral blood mononuclear cells [PBMCs] by multiplex chemokine profiling and ELISA. RESULTS The type I IFN gene signature in human mucosal biopsies was mimicked in Toll-like receptor TLR3 and to some extent tumour necrosis factor [TNF]-treated human IECs. In intestinal biopsies, ISG15 expression correlated with expression of the newly identified receptor for extracellular ISG15, LFA-1 integrin. ISG15 was expressed and secreted from HT29 cells and primary 3D colonoids through both JAK1-pSTAT-IRF9-dependent and independent pathways. In experiments using PBMCs, we show that ISG15 releases IBD-relevant proinflammatory cytokines such as CXCL1, CXCL5, CXCL8, CCL20, IL1, IL6, TNF, and IFNγ. CONCLUSIONS ISG15 is secreted from primary IECs upon extracellular stimulation, and mucosal ISG15 emerges as an intriguing candidate for immunotherapy in IBD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ann Elisabet Østvik
- Department of Clinical and Molecular Medicine, NTNU-Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Trondheim, Norway,Department of G2astroenterology and Hepatology, Clinic of Medicine, St. Olav’s University Hospital, Trondheim, Norway
| | - Tarjei Dahl Svendsen
- Department of Clinical and Molecular Medicine, NTNU-Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Trondheim, Norway
| | - Atle van Beelen Granlund
- Department of Clinical and Molecular Medicine, NTNU-Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Trondheim, Norway,Centre of Molecular Inflammation Research, NTNU-Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Trondheim, Norway
| | - Berit Doseth
- Department of Clinical and Molecular Medicine, NTNU-Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Trondheim, Norway
| | - Helene Kolstad Skovdahl
- Department of Clinical and Molecular Medicine, NTNU-Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Trondheim, Norway
| | - Ingunn Bakke
- Department of Clinical and Molecular Medicine, NTNU-Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Trondheim, Norway,Clinic of Medicine, St Olav’s University Hospital, Trondheim, Norway,Clinic of Laboratory Medicine, St. Olav’s University Hospital, Trondheim, Norway
| | - Silje Thorsvik
- Department of Clinical and Molecular Medicine, NTNU-Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Trondheim, Norway,Department of G2astroenterology and Hepatology, Clinic of Medicine, St. Olav’s University Hospital, Trondheim, Norway,Centre of Molecular Inflammation Research, NTNU-Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Trondheim, Norway
| | - Wahida Afroz
- Department of Clinical and Molecular Medicine, NTNU-Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Trondheim, Norway
| | - Gunnar Andreas Walaas
- Department of Clinical and Molecular Medicine, NTNU-Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Trondheim, Norway
| | - Tom Eirik Mollnes
- Centre of Molecular Inflammation Research, NTNU-Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Trondheim, Norway,Research Laboratory, Nordland Hospital, Bodo, Norway,K.G. Jebsen Thrombosis Research and Expertise Center, Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Tromsø, Tromsø, Norway,Department of Immunology, Oslo University Hospital and University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
| | - Björn Inge Gustafsson
- Department of Clinical and Molecular Medicine, NTNU-Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Trondheim, Norway,Department of G2astroenterology and Hepatology, Clinic of Medicine, St. Olav’s University Hospital, Trondheim, Norway
| | - Arne Kristian Sandvik
- Department of Clinical and Molecular Medicine, NTNU-Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Trondheim, Norway,Department of G2astroenterology and Hepatology, Clinic of Medicine, St. Olav’s University Hospital, Trondheim, Norway,Centre of Molecular Inflammation Research, NTNU-Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Trondheim, Norway
| | - Torunn Bruland
- Department of Clinical and Molecular Medicine, NTNU-Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Trondheim, Norway,Clinic of Medicine, St Olav’s University Hospital, Trondheim, Norway,Corresponding author: Torunn Bruland, PhD, Department of Clinical and Molecular Medicine [IKOM], Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences [MH], NTNU-Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Prinsesse Kristinas gate 1, NO-7489 Trondheim, Norway. Tel.: +47 72825324; E-mail
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22
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Wagner MJ, Khan M, Mohsin S. Healing the Broken Heart; The Immunomodulatory Effects of Stem Cell Therapy. Front Immunol 2020; 11:639. [PMID: 32328072 PMCID: PMC7160320 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2020.00639] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2019] [Accepted: 03/20/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Cardiovascular Disease (CVD) is a leading cause of mortality within the United States. Current treatments being administered to patients who suffered a myocardial infarction (MI) have increased patient survival, but do not facilitate the replacement of damaged myocardium. Recent studies demonstrate that stem cell-based therapies promote myocardial repair; however, the poor engraftment of the transferred stem cell populations within the infarcted myocardium is a major limitation, regardless of the cell type. One explanation for poor cell retention is attributed to the harsh inflammatory response mounted following MI. The inflammatory response coupled to cardiac repair processes is divided into two distinct phases. The first phase is initiated during ischemic injury when necrosed myocardium releases Danger Associated Molecular Patterns (DAMPs) and chemokines/cytokines to induce the activation and recruitment of neutrophils and pro-inflammatory M1 macrophages (MΦs); in turn, facilitating necrotic tissue clearance. During the second phase, a shift from the M1 inflammatory functional phenotype to the M2 anti-inflammatory and pro-reparative functional phenotype, permits the resolution of inflammation and the establishment of tissue repair. T-regulatory cells (Tregs) are also influential in mediating the establishment of the pro-reparative phase by directly regulating M1 to M2 MΦ differentiation. Current studies suggest CD4+ T-lymphocyte populations become activated when presented with autoantigens released from the injured myocardium. The identity of the cardiac autoantigens or paracrine signaling molecules released from the ischemic tissue that directly mediate the phenotypic plasticity of T-lymphocyte populations in the post-MI heart are just beginning to be elucidated. Stem cells are enriched centers that contain a diverse paracrine secretome that can directly regulate responses within neighboring cell populations. Previous studies identify that stem cell mediated paracrine signaling can influence the phenotype and function of immune cell populations in vitro, but how stem cells directly mediate the inflammatory microenvironment of the ischemic heart is poorly characterized and is a topic of extensive investigation. In this review, we summarize the complex literature that details the inflammatory microenvironment of the ischemic heart and provide novel insights regarding how paracrine mediated signaling produced by stem cell-based therapies can regulate immune cell subsets to facilitate pro-reparative myocardial wound healing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marcus J Wagner
- Independence Blue Cross Cardiovascular Research Center, Lewis Katz School of Medicine at Temple University, Philadelphia, PA, United States
| | - Mohsin Khan
- Center for Metabolic Disease, Lewis Katz School of Medicine at Temple University, Philadelphia, PA, United States.,Department of Physiology, Lewis Katz School of Medicine at Temple University, Philadelphia, PA, United States
| | - Sadia Mohsin
- Independence Blue Cross Cardiovascular Research Center, Lewis Katz School of Medicine at Temple University, Philadelphia, PA, United States.,Department of Pharmacology, Lewis Katz School of Medicine at Temple University, Philadelphia, PA, United States
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23
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TLR3 preconditioning induces anti-inflammatory and anti-ictogenic effects in mice mediated by the IRF3/IFN-β axis. Brain Behav Immun 2019; 81:598-607. [PMID: 31336144 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbi.2019.07.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2019] [Revised: 06/26/2019] [Accepted: 07/19/2019] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Activation of Toll-like receptor 3 (TLR3) was previously shown to contribute to the generation of epileptic seizures in rodents by evoking a proinflammatory response in the forebrain. This suggests that TLR3 blockade may provide therapeutic effects in epilepsy. We report that brain activation of TLR3 using the synthetic receptor ligand Poly I:C may also result in remarkable dose- and time-dependent inhibitory effects on acute seizures in mice without inducing inflammation. These inhibitory effects are associated with reduced neuronal excitability in the hippocampus as shown by a decrease in the population spike amplitude of CA1 pyramidal neurons following Schaffer collaterals stimulation. TLR3 activation which results in seizure inhibition does not evoke NF-kB-dependent inflammatory molecules or morphological activation of glia, however, it induces the alternative interferon (IFN) regulatory factor (IRF)-3/IFN-β signaling pathway. IFN-β reproduced the inhibitory effects of Poly I:C on neuronal excitability in hippocampal slices. Seizure inhibition attained with activation the TLR3-IRF3/IFN-β axis should be carefully considered when TLR3 are targeted for therapeutic purposes.
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24
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Zeng H, Tang J, Yue M, Cheng J, Fan Y, Li M, Zhang X, Li H, Duan H, Zhang M, Fan G, Zhu Q, Shao L. Polyinosinic-polycytidylic acid accelerates intestinal stem cell proliferation via modulating Myc expression. J Cell Physiol 2019; 235:3646-3656. [PMID: 31559639 DOI: 10.1002/jcp.29254] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/02/2019] [Accepted: 09/03/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
It is well known that exposure of double-stranded RNA (dsRNA) to intestine immediately induces villus damage with severe diarrhea, which is mediated by toll-like receptor 3 signaling activation. However, the role of intestinal stem cells (ISCs) remains obscure during the pathology. In the present study, polyinosinic-polycytidylic acid (poly[I:C]), mimicking viral dsRNA, was used to establish intestinal damage model. Mice were acutely and chronically exposed to poly(I:C), and ISCs in jejunum were analyzed. The results showed that the height of villus was shorter 48 hr after acute poly(I:C) exposure compared with that of controls, while chronic poly(I:C) treatment increased both villus height and crypt depth in jejunum compared with control animals. The numbers of ISCs in jejunum were significantly increased after acute and chronic poly(I:C) exposure. Poly (I:C)-stimulated ISCs have stronger capacities to differentiate into intestine endocrine cells. Mechanistically, poly(I:C) treatment increased expression of Stat1 and Axin2 in the intestinal crypt, which was along with increased expression of Myc, Bcl2, and ISC proliferation. These findings suggest that dsRNA exposure could induce ISC proliferation to ameliorate dsRNA-induced intestinal injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huihong Zeng
- Department of Histology and Embryology, Medical School of Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
| | - Jiahui Tang
- Department of Histology and Embryology, Medical School of Nanchang University, Nanchang, China.,Jiangxi Provincial Key Laboratory of Preventive Medicine, Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
| | - Mengzhen Yue
- Department of Histology and Embryology, Medical School of Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
| | - Jiaoqi Cheng
- Department of Histology and Embryology, Medical School of Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
| | - Ying Fan
- Jiangxi Provincial Key Laboratory of Preventive Medicine, Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
| | - Manjun Li
- Department of Pathology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
| | - Xinxin Zhang
- Department of Pathology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
| | - Huan Li
- Department of Histology and Embryology, Medical School of Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
| | - Hongyi Duan
- Department of Histology and Embryology, Medical School of Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
| | - Minqing Zhang
- Department of Histology and Embryology, Medical School of Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
| | - Guangqin Fan
- Jiangxi Provincial Key Laboratory of Preventive Medicine, Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
| | - Qingxian Zhu
- Department of Histology and Embryology, Medical School of Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
| | - Lijian Shao
- Jiangxi Provincial Key Laboratory of Preventive Medicine, Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
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25
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Veazey JM, Chapman TJ, Smyth TR, Hillman SE, Eliseeva SI, Georas SN. Distinct roles for MDA5 and TLR3 in the acute response to inhaled double-stranded RNA. PLoS One 2019; 14:e0216056. [PMID: 31067281 PMCID: PMC6505938 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0216056] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2018] [Accepted: 04/14/2019] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
The airway epithelial barrier is critical for preventing pathogen invasion and translocation of inhaled particles into the lung. Epithelial cells also serve an important sentinel role after infection and release various pro-inflammatory mediators that recruit and activate immune cells. Airway epithelial barrier disruption has been implicated in a growing number of respiratory diseases including viral infections. It is thought that when a pathogen breaks the barrier and gains access to the host tissue, pro-inflammatory mediators increase, which further disrupts the barrier and initiates a vicious cycle of leak. However, it is difficult to study airway barrier integrity in vivo, and little is known about relationship between epithelial barrier function and airway inflammation. Current assays of pulmonary barrier integrity quantify the leak of macromolecules from the vasculature into the airspaces (or “inside/out” leak). However, it is also important to measure the ease with which inhaled particles, allergens, or pathogens can enter the subepithelial tissues (or “outside/in” leak). We challenged mice with inhaled double stranded RNA (dsRNA) and explored the relationship between inside/out and outside/in barrier function and airway inflammation. Using wild-type and gene-targeted mice, we studied the roles of the dsRNA sensors Toll Like Receptor 3 (TLR3) and Melanoma Differentiation-Associated protein 5 (MDA5). Here we report that after acute challenge with inhaled dsRNA, airway barrier dysfunction occurs in a TLR3-dependent manner, whereas leukocyte accumulation is largely MDA5-dependent. We conclude that airway barrier dysfunction and inflammation are regulated by different mechanisms at early time points after exposure to inhaled dsRNA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Janelle M. Veazey
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Rochester, Rochester, New York, United States of America
| | - Timothy J. Chapman
- Department of Medicine, Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, University of Rochester, Rochester, New York, United States of America
| | - Timothy R. Smyth
- Department of Environmental Medicine, University of Rochester, Rochester, New York, United States of America
| | - Sara E. Hillman
- Department of Medicine, Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, University of Rochester, Rochester, New York, United States of America
| | - Sophia I. Eliseeva
- Department of Medicine, Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, University of Rochester, Rochester, New York, United States of America
| | - Steve N. Georas
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Rochester, Rochester, New York, United States of America
- Department of Medicine, Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, University of Rochester, Rochester, New York, United States of America
- Department of Environmental Medicine, University of Rochester, Rochester, New York, United States of America
- * E-mail:
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26
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ILC3-derived OX40L is essential for homeostasis of intestinal Tregs in immunodeficient mice. Cell Mol Immunol 2019; 17:163-177. [PMID: 30760919 DOI: 10.1038/s41423-019-0200-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2018] [Accepted: 12/27/2018] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
OX40L is one of the co-stimulatory molecules that can be expressed by splenic lymphoid tissue inducer (Lti) cells, a subset of group 3 innate lymphoid cells (ILC3s). OX40L expression in subsets of intestinal ILC3s and the molecular regulation of OX40L expression in ILC3s are unknown. Here, we showed intestinal ILC3s marked as an OX40Lhigh population among all the intestinal leukocytes and were the dominant source of OX40L in Rag1-/- mice. All ILC3 subsets expressed OX40L, and NCR-ILC3s were the most abundant source of OX40L. The expression of OX40L in ILC3s could be upregulated during inflammation. In addition to tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-like cytokine 1A (TL1A), which has been known as a trigger for OX40L, we found that Poly (I:C) representing viral stimulus promoted OX40L expression in ILC3s via a cell-autonomous manner. Furthermore, we demonstrated that IL-7-STAT5 signaling sustained OX40L expression by ILC3s. Intestinal regulatory T cells (Tregs), most of which expressed OX40, had defective expansion in chimeric mice, in which ILC3s were specifically deficient for OX40L expression. Consistently, co-localization of Tregs and ILC3s was found in the cryptopatches of the intestine, which suggests the close interaction between ILC3s and Tregs. Our study has unveiled the crosstalk between Tregs and ILC3s in mucosal tissues through OX40-OX40L signaling, which is crucial for the homeostasis of intestinal Tregs.
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27
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Gao X, Gao S, Guan Y, Huang L, Huang J, Lin L, Liu Y, Zhao H, Huang B, Yuan T, Liu Y, Liang D, Zhang Y, Ma X, Li L, Li J, Zhou D, Shi D, Xu L, Chen YH. Toll-like receptor 3 controls QT interval on the electrocardiogram by targeting the degradation of Kv4.2/4.3 channels in the endoplasmic reticulum. FASEB J 2019; 33:6197-6208. [PMID: 30758987 DOI: 10.1096/fj.201801464r] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
TLRs have been proven to be essential mediators for the early innate immune response. Overactivation of TLR-mediated immune signaling promotes deterioration of cardiovascular diseases; however, the role of TLRs in the heart under physiologic conditions remains neglected. Here, we show that Tlr3 deficiency induced the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) retention of Kv4.2/4.3 proteins and consequent degradation via the ubiquitin-proteasome pathway. Knockout of Tlr3 resulted in a prolonged QT interval (the space between the start of the Q wave and the end of the T wave) in mice with no significant signs of inflammation and tissue abnormality in cardiac muscles. Prolongation of action potential duration resulted from the depression of transient outward potassium channel (Ito) currents in Tlr3-deficient ventricular myocytes mirrored the change in QT interval. Mechanistically, we found that Tlr3 was exclusively localized in the ER of cardiomyocytes where it interacted with Kv4.2/4.3 subunits of Ito channel. Thus, our data indicated that TLR3 directly regulates Ito channel protein dynamics to maintain cardiac repolarization, which may implicate a new molecular surveillance system for cardiac electrophysiological homeostasis.-Gao, X., Gao, S., Guan, Y., Huang, L., Huang, J., Lin, L., Liu, Y., Zhao, H., Huang, B., Yuan, T., Liu, Y., Liang, D., Zhang, Y., Ma, X., Li, L., Li, J., Zhou, D., Shi, D., Xu, L., Chen, Y.-H. Toll-like receptor 3 controls QT interval on the electrocardiogram by targeting the degradation of Kv4.2/4.3 channels in the endoplasmic reticulum.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xueting Gao
- Heart Health Center, East Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China.,Institute of Medical Genetics, Tongji University, Shanghai, China
| | - Siyun Gao
- Heart Health Center, East Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China.,Institute of Medical Genetics, Tongji University, Shanghai, China.,Key Laboratory of Arrhythmias, Ministry of Education of China, East Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Yi Guan
- Heart Health Center, East Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China.,Institute of Medical Genetics, Tongji University, Shanghai, China.,Key Laboratory of Arrhythmias, Ministry of Education of China, East Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Lin Huang
- Heart Health Center, East Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China.,Institute of Medical Genetics, Tongji University, Shanghai, China
| | - Jiale Huang
- Heart Health Center, East Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China.,Institute of Medical Genetics, Tongji University, Shanghai, China.,Key Laboratory of Arrhythmias, Ministry of Education of China, East Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Li Lin
- Heart Health Center, East Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China.,Institute of Medical Genetics, Tongji University, Shanghai, China.,Key Laboratory of Arrhythmias, Ministry of Education of China, East Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Yuan Liu
- Heart Health Center, East Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China.,Institute of Medical Genetics, Tongji University, Shanghai, China
| | - Hong Zhao
- Department of Pediatrics, Tongji Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Bijun Huang
- Heart Health Center, East Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China.,Institute of Medical Genetics, Tongji University, Shanghai, China
| | - Tianyou Yuan
- Heart Health Center, East Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China.,Key Laboratory of Arrhythmias, Ministry of Education of China, East Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Yi Liu
- Heart Health Center, East Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China.,Key Laboratory of Arrhythmias, Ministry of Education of China, East Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Dandan Liang
- Heart Health Center, East Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China.,Institute of Medical Genetics, Tongji University, Shanghai, China.,Key Laboratory of Arrhythmias, Ministry of Education of China, East Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Yangyang Zhang
- Heart Health Center, East Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China.,Institute of Medical Genetics, Tongji University, Shanghai, China.,Key Laboratory of Arrhythmias, Ministry of Education of China, East Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Xiue Ma
- Heart Health Center, East Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China.,Institute of Medical Genetics, Tongji University, Shanghai, China.,Key Laboratory of Arrhythmias, Ministry of Education of China, East Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Li Li
- Heart Health Center, East Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China.,Institute of Medical Genetics, Tongji University, Shanghai, China
| | - Jun Li
- Heart Health Center, East Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China.,Institute of Medical Genetics, Tongji University, Shanghai, China.,Key Laboratory of Arrhythmias, Ministry of Education of China, East Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China.,Department of Pathology and Pathophysiology, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Daizhan Zhou
- Heart Health Center, East Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China.,Institute of Medical Genetics, Tongji University, Shanghai, China.,Key Laboratory of Arrhythmias, Ministry of Education of China, East Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Dan Shi
- Heart Health Center, East Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China.,Institute of Medical Genetics, Tongji University, Shanghai, China.,Key Laboratory of Arrhythmias, Ministry of Education of China, East Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Liang Xu
- Heart Health Center, East Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China.,Institute of Medical Genetics, Tongji University, Shanghai, China.,Key Laboratory of Arrhythmias, Ministry of Education of China, East Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Yi-Han Chen
- Heart Health Center, East Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China.,Institute of Medical Genetics, Tongji University, Shanghai, China.,Key Laboratory of Arrhythmias, Ministry of Education of China, East Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China.,Department of Pathology and Pathophysiology, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
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28
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Regel I, Raulefs S, Benitz S, Mihaljevic C, Rieder S, Leinenkugel G, Steiger K, Schlitter AM, Esposito I, Mayerle J, Kong B, Kleeff J, Michalski CW. Loss of TLR3 and its downstream signaling accelerates acinar cell damage in the acute phase of pancreatitis. Pancreatology 2019; 19:149-157. [PMID: 30583980 DOI: 10.1016/j.pan.2018.12.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/11/2018] [Revised: 12/06/2018] [Accepted: 12/14/2018] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Acute pancreatitis is accompanied by acinar cell damage releasing potential toll-like receptor 3 (TLR3) ligands. So far, TLR3 is known as a pattern recognition receptor in the immune signaling cascade triggering a type I interferon response. In addition, TLR3 signaling contributes to programmed cell death through the activation of caspase 8. However, the functional role of TLR3 and its downstream toll-like receptor adaptor molecule 1 (TICAM1) in the inflamed pancreas is unknown. METHODS To uncover the role of TLR3 signaling in acute pancreatitis, we induced a cerulein-mediated pancreatitis in Tlr3 and Ticam1 knockout (KO) mice and in wildtype animals. The exocrine damage was determined by blood serum analysis and histological examination. Immunohistochemistry, gene expression and immunoblot analysis were conducted to study TLR3 function. RESULTS After the induction of an acute pancreatitis, wildtype mice showed a high endosomal TLR3 expression in acinar cells. In comparison to wildtype and Ticam1 KO mice, Tlr3 KO mice exhibited the highest severity of pancreatitis with an increased NF-κB activation and elevated expression of the pro-inflammatory cytokines Il6 and Tnf, although the amount of infiltrating immune cells was unaffected. Additionally, we detected a strong elevation of acinar cell necrosis and reduced levels of cleaved caspase 8 in Tlr3 and Ticam1 KO mice. CONCLUSIONS TLR3 and its downstream adaptor TICAM1 are important mediators of acinar cell damage in acute pancreatitis. They possess a critical role in programmed cell death and our data suggest that TLR3 signaling controls the onset and severity of acute pancreatitis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ivonne Regel
- Department of Medicine II, University Hospital, LMU Munich, Germany.
| | - Susanne Raulefs
- Department of Surgery, Klinikum rechts der Isar, Technical University Munich, Germany
| | - Simone Benitz
- Department of Medicine II, University Hospital, LMU Munich, Germany
| | - Charlotte Mihaljevic
- Department of Surgery, Klinikum rechts der Isar, Technical University Munich, Germany; Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, University of Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Simon Rieder
- Department of Surgery, Martin-Luther University Halle-Wittenberg, Halle (Saale), Germany
| | - Georg Leinenkugel
- Department of Surgery, Klinikum rechts der Isar, Technical University Munich, Germany
| | - Katja Steiger
- Institute of Pathology, Technical University Munich, Germany
| | | | - Irene Esposito
- Institute of Pathology, Heinrich-Heine University and University Hospital, Duesseldorf, Germany
| | - Julia Mayerle
- Department of Medicine II, University Hospital, LMU Munich, Germany
| | - Bo Kong
- Department of Surgery, Klinikum rechts der Isar, Technical University Munich, Germany
| | - Jörg Kleeff
- Department of Surgery, Martin-Luther University Halle-Wittenberg, Halle (Saale), Germany
| | - Christoph W Michalski
- Department of Surgery, Martin-Luther University Halle-Wittenberg, Halle (Saale), Germany
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29
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Gutierrez-Camino Á, Umerez M, Lopez-Lopez E, Santos-Zorrozua B, Martin-Guerrero I, de Andoin NG, Ana S, Navajas A, Astigarraga I, Garcia-Orad A. Involvement of miRNA polymorphism in mucositis development in childhood acute lymphoblastic leukemia treatment. Pharmacogenomics 2018; 19:1403-1412. [DOI: 10.2217/pgs-2018-0113] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Aim: Mucositis, linked to methotrexate, daunorubicin or cyclophosphamide, is a frequent childhood acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) therapy side effect. miRNAs regulate the expression of pharmacokinetic/pharmacodynamic pathway genes. SNPs in miRNAs could affect their levels or function, and affect their pharmacokinetic/pharmacodynamic pathway target genes. Our aim was to determine the association between miRNA genetic variants targeting mucositis-related genes and mucositis-developing risk. Patients & methods: We analyzed 160 SNPs in 179 Spanish children with B-cell precursor ALL homogeneously treated with LAL/SHOP protocols. Results: We identified three SNPs in miR-4268, miR-4751 and miR-3117 associated with mucositis, diarrhea and vomiting, respectively. Conclusion: The effect of these SNPs on genes related to drug pharmacokinetics/pharmacodynamics could explain mucositis, diarrhea and vomiting development during ALL therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ángela Gutierrez-Camino
- Department of Genetics, Physic Anthropology & Animal Physiology, University of the Basque Country, UPV/EHU, Leioa, 48940, Spain
- BioCruces Health Research Institute, Barakaldo, 48903, Spain
| | - Maitane Umerez
- Department of Genetics, Physic Anthropology & Animal Physiology, University of the Basque Country, UPV/EHU, Leioa, 48940, Spain
| | - Elixabet Lopez-Lopez
- Department of Genetics, Physic Anthropology & Animal Physiology, University of the Basque Country, UPV/EHU, Leioa, 48940, Spain
- BioCruces Health Research Institute, Barakaldo, 48903, Spain
| | - Borja Santos-Zorrozua
- Department of Genetics, Physic Anthropology & Animal Physiology, University of the Basque Country, UPV/EHU, Leioa, 48940, Spain
| | - Idoia Martin-Guerrero
- Department of Genetics, Physic Anthropology & Animal Physiology, University of the Basque Country, UPV/EHU, Leioa, 48940, Spain
- BioCruces Health Research Institute, Barakaldo, 48903, Spain
| | - Nagore García de Andoin
- Department of Pediatrics, University Hospital Donostia, San Sebastian, 20014, Spain
- Department of Pediatrics, University of the Basque Country, UPV/EHU, Leioa, 48940, Spain
| | - Sastre Ana
- Department of Oncohematology, University Hospital La Paz, Madrid, 28046, Spain
| | - Aurora Navajas
- BioCruces Health Research Institute, Barakaldo, 48903, Spain
- Department of Pediatrics, University Hospital Cruces, Barakaldo, 48903, Spain
| | - Itziar Astigarraga
- BioCruces Health Research Institute, Barakaldo, 48903, Spain
- Department of Pediatrics, University of the Basque Country, UPV/EHU, Leioa, 48940, Spain
- Department of Pediatrics, University Hospital Cruces, Barakaldo, 48903, Spain
| | - Africa Garcia-Orad
- Department of Genetics, Physic Anthropology & Animal Physiology, University of the Basque Country, UPV/EHU, Leioa, 48940, Spain
- BioCruces Health Research Institute, Barakaldo, 48903, Spain
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Soluble TNF-like weak inducer of apoptosis (TWEAK) enhances poly(I:C)-induced RIPK1-mediated necroptosis. Cell Death Dis 2018; 9:1084. [PMID: 30349023 PMCID: PMC6197222 DOI: 10.1038/s41419-018-1137-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2018] [Revised: 10/03/2018] [Accepted: 10/08/2018] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
TNF-like weak inducer of apoptosis (TWEAK) and inhibition of protein synthesis with cycloheximide (CHX) sensitize for poly(I:C)-induced cell death. Notably, although CHX preferentially enhanced poly(I:C)-induced apoptosis, TWEAK enhanced primarily poly(I:C)-induced necroptosis. Both sensitizers of poly(I:C)-induced cell death, however, showed no major effect on proinflammatory poly(I:C) signaling. Analysis of a panel of HeLa-RIPK3 variants lacking TRADD, RIPK1, FADD, or caspase-8 expression revealed furthermore similarities and differences in the way how poly(I:C)/TWEAK, TNF, and TRAIL utilize these molecules for signaling. RIPK1 turned out to be essential for poly(I:C)/TWEAK-induced caspase-8-mediated apoptosis but was dispensable for this response in TNF and TRAIL signaling. TRADD-RIPK1-double deficiency differentially affected poly(I:C)-triggered gene induction but abrogated gene induction by TNF completely. FADD deficiency abrogated TRAIL- but not TNF- and poly(I:C)-induced necroptosis, whereas TRADD elicited protective activity against all three death inducers. A general protective activity against poly(I:C)-, TRAIL-, and TNF-induced cell death was also observed in FLIPL and FLIPS transfectrants.
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CBP and P300 regulate distinct gene networks required for human primary myoblast differentiation and muscle integrity. Sci Rep 2018; 8:12629. [PMID: 30135524 PMCID: PMC6105712 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-018-31102-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2018] [Accepted: 08/06/2018] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
The acetyltransferases CBP and P300 have been implicated in myogenesis in mouse immortalized cell lines but these studies focused only on the expression of a handful of myogenic factors. Hence, the respective role of these two related cofactors and their impact at global scale on gene expression rewiring during primary myoblast differentiation remain unknown. Here, we characterised the gene networks regulated by these two epigenetic enzymes during human primary myoblast differentiation (HPM). We found that CBP and p300 play a critical role in the activation of the myogenic program and mostly regulate distinct gene sets to control several aspects of HPM biology, even though they also exhibit some degree of redundancy. Moreover, CBP or P300 knockdown strongly impaired muscle cell adhesion and resulted in the activation of inflammation markers, two hallmarks of dystrophic disease. This was further validated in zebrafish where inhibition of CBP and P300 enzymatic activities led to cell adhesion defects and muscle fiber detachment. Our data highlight an unforeseen link between CBP/P300 activity and the emergence of dystrophic phenotypes. They thereby identify CBP and P300 as mediators of adult muscle integrity and suggest a new lead for intervention in muscular dystrophy.
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Dendritic cell activation enhances anti-PD-1 mediated immunotherapy against glioblastoma. Oncotarget 2018; 9:20681-20697. [PMID: 29755681 PMCID: PMC5945499 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.25061] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2017] [Accepted: 03/21/2018] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction The glioblastoma (GBM) immune microenvironment is highly suppressive as it targets and hinders multiple components of the immune system. Checkpoint blockade (CB) is being evaluated for GBM patients. However, biomarker analyses suggest that CB monotherapy may be effective only in a small fraction of GBM patients. We hypothesized that activation of antigen presentation would increase the therapeutic response to PD-1 blockade. Results We show that activating DCs through TLR3 agonists enhances the anti-tumor immune response to CB and increases survival in GBM. Mice treated with TLR3 agonist poly(I:C) and anti-PD-1 demonstrated increased DC activation and increased T cell proliferation in tumor draining lymph nodes. We show that DCs are necessary for the improved anti-tumor immune response. Conclusions This study suggests that augmenting antigen presentation is an effective multimodal immunotherapy strategy that intensifies anti-tumor responses in GBM. Specifically, these data represent an expanded role for TLR3 agonists as adjuvants to CB. Methods Using a preclinical model of GBM, we tested the efficacy of combinatorial immunotherapy with anti-PD-1 and TLR3 agonist, poly(I:C). Characterization of the immune response in tumor infiltrating immune cells and in secondary lymphoid organs was performed. Additionally, dendritic cell (DC) depletion experiments were performed.
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Ding Z, Kong Y, Zhang Y, Li J, Cao F, Zhou J, Ye J. Effect of feeding frequency on growth, body composition, antioxidant status and mRNA expression of immunodependent genes before or after ammonia-N stress in juvenile oriental river prawn, Macrobrachium nipponense. FISH & SHELLFISH IMMUNOLOGY 2017; 68:428-434. [PMID: 28751272 DOI: 10.1016/j.fsi.2017.07.045] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2017] [Revised: 07/14/2017] [Accepted: 07/21/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Feeding frequency is important for the improvement of growth performance and immunity of aquatic animals. In this study, the effect of feeding frequency on growth, body composition, antioxidant status and mRNA expression of immunodependent genes before or after ammonia-N stress was examined in Macrobrachium nipponense. Prawns were randomly assigned to one of five feeding frequencies (1, 2, 3, 4 and 6 times/day) following the same ration size over an 8-week growth trial. After the feeding trial, prawns were challenged by ammonia-N. The weight gain of prawns fed with 3-6 times/day was significantly higher than that of prawns fed with 1 time/day. The best feed conversion ratio was obtained from prawns fed with 3-6 times/day. Body crude lipid with feeding frequency of 3, 4 or 6 times/day was quite lower than that with 1 time/day. High feeding frequency (6 times/day) induced significantly elevated hepatopancreas super oxide dismutase and catalase activities. The malondialdehyde level in prawns fed with 6 times/day was also significantly increased, which was higher than that of prawns fed with other feeding frequency. mRNA expression of toll like receptor 3 and myeloid differentiation primary response protein MyD88 was promoted by feeding frequency from 3 to 4 time/day but inhibited by high or low feeding frequency. Similar mRNA expression variation trends of the two genes were observed in prawns after ammonia-N stress. After ammonia-N challenge, the highest cumulative mortality was observed in prawns fed with 6 times/day, which was significantly higher than that of prawns fed with 2-4 times/day. These findings demonstrate that (1) too high feeding frequency induced oxidative stress and malondialdehyde accumulation, negatively affecting the health status of prawns and reduced its resistance to ammonia-N stress; (2) the optimal feeding frequency to improve growth and immune response of this species at juvenile stage is 3-4 times/day; (3) considering costs of labour, a feeding frequency of 3 times/day is recommended for this prawn.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhili Ding
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Aquatic Resources Conservation and Development, College of Life Science, Huzhou University, Huzhou, Zhejiang 313000, China.
| | - Youqin Kong
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Aquatic Resources Conservation and Development, College of Life Science, Huzhou University, Huzhou, Zhejiang 313000, China
| | - Yixiang Zhang
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Aquatic Resources Conservation and Development, College of Life Science, Huzhou University, Huzhou, Zhejiang 313000, China
| | - Jingfen Li
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Aquatic Resources Conservation and Development, College of Life Science, Huzhou University, Huzhou, Zhejiang 313000, China
| | - Fang Cao
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Aquatic Resources Conservation and Development, College of Life Science, Huzhou University, Huzhou, Zhejiang 313000, China
| | - Junbo Zhou
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Aquatic Resources Conservation and Development, College of Life Science, Huzhou University, Huzhou, Zhejiang 313000, China
| | - Jinyun Ye
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Aquatic Resources Conservation and Development, College of Life Science, Huzhou University, Huzhou, Zhejiang 313000, China.
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Mirshekar MA, Fanaei H, Keikhaei F, Javan FS. Diosmin improved cognitive deficit and amplified brain electrical activity in the rat model of traumatic brain injury. Biomed Pharmacother 2017; 93:1220-1229. [PMID: 28738538 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2017.07.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/03/2017] [Revised: 07/05/2017] [Accepted: 07/05/2017] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Traumatic brain injury (TBI) is one of the main causes of intellectual and cognitive disabilities in humans. Clinically, it is essential to limit the progress of cognitive impairment after TBI. It is reported that diosmin has a neuroprotective effect that can limit the progress of the impairment. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effects of diosmin on neurological score, memory, tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) level and long-term potentiation in hippocampal dentate gyrus after the injury. METHODS A total of ninety six adult male Wistar rats were used as test subjects in this study. The animals were randomly assigned into one of the following three groups (n=32/group): Sham, TBI and diosmin (100mg/kg, p.o for seven consecutive days before TBI induction). TBI was induced into the animals by Marmarou's method. Briefly, a 200g weight was dropped from a 1m height through a free-falling tube onto the head of the anesthetized rats. RESULTS The veterinary coma scale scores, memory and long-term potentiation in TBI group showed significant decrease at different times after the onset of TBI when compared with Sham (p<0.001). The TNF-α level in the hippocampus of the TBI group of animals was significantly higher than that found in the test subjects from the Sham group (p<0.001). The pre-treatment of the TBI group with diosmin significantly improved their neurological scores, memory and long-term potentiation (p<0.001) when compared with the TBI group. The TNF-α level in hippocampus of the diosmin group was significantly lower than the TBI group (p<0.001). CONCLUSION Based on the results of the present study, pre-treatment with diosmin has protective effects against TBI-induced memory and long-term potentiation impairment. The effects of diosmin may be mediated through a decrement in the TNF-α concentration of hippocampus as a pro-inflammatory cytokine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohammad Ali Mirshekar
- Department of Physiology, School of Medicine, Zahedan University of Medical Sciences, Zahedan, Iran
| | - Hamed Fanaei
- Department of Physiology, School of Medicine, Zahedan University of Medical Sciences, Zahedan, Iran; Pregnancy Health Research Center, Zahedan University of Medical Sciences, Zahedan, Iran.
| | - Fereshteh Keikhaei
- Department of Physiology, School of Medicine, Zahedan University of Medical Sciences, Zahedan, Iran
| | - Fatemeh Sargolzaee Javan
- Department of Physiology, School of Medicine, Zahedan University of Medical Sciences, Zahedan, Iran
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Yun KL, Wang ZY. Target/signalling pathways of natural plant-derived radioprotective agents from treatment to potential candidates: A reverse thought on anti-tumour drugs. Biomed Pharmacother 2017; 91:1122-1151. [DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2017.05.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2017] [Revised: 04/15/2017] [Accepted: 05/01/2017] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
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