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Guo S, Hu X, Wang X, Tie H, Zhang Q, Li C, Qin L, Su H. Development and validation of a scale for the assessment of the knowledge-attitude-practice of parents towards children snoring. BMC PRIMARY CARE 2024; 25:110. [PMID: 38589791 PMCID: PMC11000413 DOI: 10.1186/s12875-024-02360-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2023] [Accepted: 04/02/2024] [Indexed: 04/10/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Children Snoring is a common childhood disorder that affects the growth and development of children and is detrimental to their health. Increasing awareness of Children Snoring among parents is important. AIM To develop the Knowledge-Attitude-Practice of Parents towards Children Snoring Scale and test the reliability and validity of the scale. METHODS The development of the tool was divided into two phases involving 1257 parents from China. In the first phase, an initial project bank was created through a literature review. This was followed by a Delphi expert consultation, group discussion and pre-survey. The second stage screened the items and conducted an exploratory factor analysis, then conducted a confirmatory factor analysis and tested for reliability and validity. RESULTS Support was found for the 25-item Knowledge-Attitude-Practice toward Children Snoring scale. Exploratory and confirmatory factor analyses provide support for four subscales: (parental basic cognition toward Children Snoring; parents' perception of complications of Children Snoring; parents' attitude towards Children Snoring; parents' concern and prevention of Children Snoring). Internal consistency for the total scale was high (Cronbach's α = 0.93). The intraclass correlation coefficient of test-retest reliability was 0.92 (95%CI: 0.85 to 0.95), which provided support for the stability of the scale. CONCLUSION The Knowledge-Attitude-Practice of Parents towards Children Snoring scale shows promise as a measure that may be used by medical workers and community children's health managers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Siyan Guo
- School of Nursing and Health, Zhengzhou University, No. 100, Science Avenue, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
| | - Xiaoyue Hu
- School of Nursing and Health, Zhengzhou University, No. 100, Science Avenue, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
| | - Xiaokai Wang
- School of Nursing and Health, Zhengzhou University, No. 100, Science Avenue, Zhengzhou, Henan, China.
| | - Hongyan Tie
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
| | - Qiujun Zhang
- No.5 Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
| | - Caixia Li
- Zhengzhou Central Hospital, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
| | - Luying Qin
- School of Nursing and Health, Zhengzhou University, No. 100, Science Avenue, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
| | - Hongxia Su
- No.1 Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
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Langfus JA, Chen YL, Janos JA, Youngstrom JK, Findling RL, Youngstrom EA. Psychometric Properties and Clinical Utility of CBCL and P-GBI Sleep Items in Children and Adolescents. JOURNAL OF CLINICAL CHILD AND ADOLESCENT PSYCHOLOGY : THE OFFICIAL JOURNAL FOR THE SOCIETY OF CLINICAL CHILD AND ADOLESCENT PSYCHOLOGY, AMERICAN PSYCHOLOGICAL ASSOCIATION, DIVISION 53 2023:1-18. [PMID: 37972333 PMCID: PMC11096265 DOI: 10.1080/15374416.2023.2272965] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Sleep is crucial to overall health, playing a complex role in a wide range of mental health concerns in children and adults. Nevertheless, clinicians may not routinely assess sleep problems due to lack of awareness or limitations such as cost or time. Scoring sleep-related items embedded on broader scales may help clinicians get more out of tools they are already using. The current study explores evidence of reliability, validity, and clinical utility of sleep-related items embedded on two caregiver-report tools: the Child Behavior Checklist (CBCL) and Parent General Behavior Inventory (P-GBI). METHOD Youth aged 5-18 years and their parents were recruited from both an academic medical center (N = 759) and an urban community health center (N = 618). Caregivers completed the CBCL and P-GBI as part of a more comprehensive outpatient evaluation. Exploratory factor analyses, multi-group confirmatory factor analyses, and graded response models evaluated dimensionality, reliability, and invariance across samples. Correlations and receiver operating characteristic curve analyses probed associations with diagnostic and demographic variables. RESULTS Two subscales emerged for each itemset. Across both samples, P-GBI sleep subscales were more reliable and consistent than CBCL sleep subscales, showed greater coverage of sleepiness and insomnia constructs, were better at discriminating individuals within a wider range of sleep complaints, and showed significant correlation with mood disorder diagnoses. CONCLUSIONS The P-GBI sleep items provide a brief, reliable measure for assessing distinct dimensions of sleep complaints and detecting mood symptoms or diagnoses related to the youth's sleep functioning, making them a useful addition to clinical practice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joshua A. Langfus
- Department of Psychology and Neuroscience, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC
| | - Yen-Ling Chen
- Department of Psychology, University of Nevada, Las Vegas, NV
| | - Jessica A. Janos
- Department of Psychology and Neuroscience, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC
| | - Jennifer K. Youngstrom
- Department of Psychology and Neuroscience, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC
| | - Robert L. Findling
- Department of Psychiatry, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA
| | - Eric A. Youngstrom
- Department of Psychology and Neuroscience, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC
- Helping Give Away Psychological Science, 501c3
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Leahy AA, Diallo TMO, Eather N, Duncan MJ, Smith JJ, Morgan PJ, Lubans DR. Mediating effects of sleep on mental health in older adolescents: Findings from the Burn 2 Learn randomized controlled trial. Scand J Med Sci Sports 2023; 33:2369-2380. [PMID: 37555440 PMCID: PMC10946941 DOI: 10.1111/sms.14463] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2023] [Revised: 07/06/2023] [Accepted: 07/26/2023] [Indexed: 08/10/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE Our study explored the mediating effect of sleep-related variables on older adolescents' mental health in the context of a school-based physical activity intervention. METHODS We evaluated the Burn 2 Learn (B2L) intervention using a cluster randomized controlled trial, which included two cohorts. Participants for this sub-study were from the second cohort, which included 292 older adolescents (16.0 ± 0.5 years) from 10 secondary schools in New South Wales, Australia. Teachers at intervention schools delivered two high-intensity activity breaks (approximately 10 mins) per week to students during academic lessons. Participants completed measures of mental health (i.e., perceived stress and internalizing problems) and hypothesized mediators (i.e., sleep duration, sleep latency, awakenings, and daytime sleepiness) at baseline (February-April 2019) and post-intervention (August-September 2019). Single mediation analyses were conducted to explore the potential mediating effects of sleep variables on mental health outcomes using a product-of-coefficient test. RESULTS We observed a small statistically significant effect for perceived stress (β = -0.11, SE = 0.034, p = 0.002), but not for internalizing problems (β = 0.02, SE = 0.051, p = 0.760). There were no significant intervention effects for sleep-related variables. Several sleep-related variables were associated with mental health outcomes but no mediated effects were found. CONCLUSION The B2L intervention had a small beneficial effect on perceived stress, however our mediation analyses suggest this was not explained by changes in sleep-related variables. Markers of sleep were associated with mental health constructs, highlighting the importance of sleep for good psychological health. However, in the context of a physical activity intervention, effects on mental health may be driven by other behavioral, neurobiological, or psychosocial mechanisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Angus A Leahy
- Centre for Active Living and Learning, College of Human and Social Futures, University of Newcastle, Callaghan, New South Wales, Australia
- Hunter Medical Research Institute, New Lambton Heights, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Thierno M O Diallo
- School of Social Sciences, Western Sydney University, Penrith, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Narelle Eather
- Centre for Active Living and Learning, College of Human and Social Futures, University of Newcastle, Callaghan, New South Wales, Australia
- Hunter Medical Research Institute, New Lambton Heights, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Mitch J Duncan
- Hunter Medical Research Institute, New Lambton Heights, New South Wales, Australia
- College of Health, Medicine and Wellbeing, University of Newcastle, Callaghan, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Jordan J Smith
- Centre for Active Living and Learning, College of Human and Social Futures, University of Newcastle, Callaghan, New South Wales, Australia
- Hunter Medical Research Institute, New Lambton Heights, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Philip J Morgan
- Centre for Active Living and Learning, College of Human and Social Futures, University of Newcastle, Callaghan, New South Wales, Australia
- Hunter Medical Research Institute, New Lambton Heights, New South Wales, Australia
| | - David R Lubans
- Centre for Active Living and Learning, College of Human and Social Futures, University of Newcastle, Callaghan, New South Wales, Australia
- Hunter Medical Research Institute, New Lambton Heights, New South Wales, Australia
- Faculty of Sport and Health Sciences, University of Jyväskylä, Jyväskylä, Finland
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Acosta J, Parent J, Hare M, DiMarzio K, Sisitsky M, McMakin DL. Development of the Nighttime Parenting Scale: Differentiating nighttime versus general parenting practices and their impact on youth sleep health. Sleep Health 2023; 9:489-496. [PMID: 37393144 DOI: 10.1016/j.sleh.2023.05.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2022] [Revised: 03/06/2023] [Accepted: 05/08/2023] [Indexed: 07/03/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES The current study provides a novel method of assessing the impact of nighttime parenting practices on youth sleep health during the sensitive transition from childhood to adolescence (ie., peri-puberty). Specifically, we aimed to advance the measurement of nighttime parenting by developing a conceptually driven questionnaire for use in research and clinical settings. METHOD A total of 625 parents (67.9% mothers) of peripubertal youth (age M=11.6, SD=1.31) were recruited online and completed self-report questionnaires. The sample was primarily White (67.4%), followed by 16.5% Black, 13.1% Latinx, and 9.6% Asian. Factor structure was examined through four empirically-driven stages (ie, exploratory factor analyses, confirmatory factor analyses, examining internal and test-retest reliability, and indices of validity). Furthermore, the current study sought to validate nighttime parenting as a unique construct by exploring associations with peripubertal youth sleep health. RESULTS A factor structure consisting of six dimensions of nighttime parenting was established (ie, nighttime supportiveness, hostility, physical control, limit-setting, media monitoring, and co-sleeping behaviors). Furthermore, the current measure demonstrated strong psychometric properties. Finally, the established dimensions were cross-sectionally associated with youth sleep health indices. CONCLUSIONS This study extends previous research by examining the influence of distinct domains of parenting practices that specifically occur at nighttime and how these differentially relate to youth sleep health. Results suggest that intervention and/or prevention programs targeting sleep should place emphasis on fostering positive parenting at nighttime as a strategy for creating an evening environment that is conducive to optimizing youth sleep health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juliana Acosta
- Center for Children and Families, Florida International University, Miami, Florida, USA; Mailman Center for Child Development, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, Florida, USA.
| | - Justin Parent
- Center for Children and Families, Florida International University, Miami, Florida, USA; Department of Psychiatry and Human Behavior, Alpert Medical School of Brown University, Providence, Rhode Island, USA; Bradley/Hasbro Children's Research Center, E. P. Bradley Hospital, Providence, Rhode Island, USA.
| | - Megan Hare
- Center for Children and Families, Florida International University, Miami, Florida, USA
| | - Karissa DiMarzio
- Center for Children and Families, Florida International University, Miami, Florida, USA
| | - Michaela Sisitsky
- Center for Children and Families, Florida International University, Miami, Florida, USA
| | - Dana L McMakin
- Center for Children and Families, Florida International University, Miami, Florida, USA; Department of Neurology, Nicklaus Children's Hospital, Miami, Florida, USA
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Links between excessive daytime sleepiness and EEG power and activation in two subtypes of ADHD. Biol Psychol 2023; 177:108504. [PMID: 36681294 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopsycho.2023.108504] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2022] [Revised: 12/20/2022] [Accepted: 01/14/2023] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES This study aimed to replicate previously reported EEG characteristics between typically developing (TD) children and two subtypes of Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) using a frontal, single-channel, dry-sensor portable EEG device, and explore whether differences are moderated by excessive daytime sleepiness (EDS). METHODS Children with ADHD Inattentive (ADHD-I) and ADHD Combined presentation (ADHD-C) and typically-developing (TD) children (N = 34 in each group) had frontal EEG recorded during eyes-closed resting, eyes-open resting, and focus tasks. Participants also completed the Children's Self-Report Sleep Patterns - Sleepiness Scale as a measure of EDS. RESULTS Consistent with previous literature, there were increases in frontal delta and theta power in the ADHD-C compared to ADHD-I and TD groups, in all conditions. Novel power and activation effects in ADHD subtypes, as well as significant group and EDS interactions for alpha and beta power were also found. CONCLUSIONS These findings highlight the importance of considering ADHD subtypes and EDS when exploring EEG characteristics, and have important implications for the diagnosis and treatment of children with ADHD.
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Bothe K, Schabus M, Eigl ES, Kerbl R, Hoedlmoser K. Self-reported changes in sleep patterns and behavior in children and adolescents during COVID-19. Sci Rep 2022; 12:20412. [PMID: 36437313 PMCID: PMC9701691 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-022-24509-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2022] [Accepted: 11/16/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
The COVID-19 pandemic and lockdowns worldwide forced children and adolescents to change and adapt their lives to an unprecedented situation. Using an online survey, we investigated whether they showed changes in sleep quality and other related factors due to this event. Between February 21st, 2021 and April 19th, 2021, a total of 2,290 Austrian children and adolescents (6-18 years) reported their sleep habits and quality of sleep as well as physical activity, daylight exposure and usage of media devices during and, retrospectively, before the pandemic. Results showed an overall delay of sleep and wake times. Almost twice as many respondents reported having sleeping problems during the pandemic as compared to before, with insomnia, nightmares and daytime sleepiness being the most prevalent problems. Furthermore, sleeping problems and poor quality of sleep correlated positively with COVID-19 related anxiety. Lastly, results showed a change from regular to irregular bedtimes during COVID-19, higher napping rates, a strong to very strong decrease in physical activity and daylight exposure, as well as a high to very high increase in media consumption. We conclude that the increase in sleeping problems in children and adolescent during COVID-19 is concerning. Thus, health promoting measures and programs should be implemented and enforced.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kathrin Bothe
- Laboratory for Sleep, Cognition and Consciousness Research, Department of Psychology, Centre for Cognitive Neuroscience, University of Salzburg, Salzburg, Salzburg, Austria.
| | - Manuel Schabus
- Laboratory for Sleep, Cognition and Consciousness Research, Department of Psychology, Centre for Cognitive Neuroscience, University of Salzburg, Salzburg, Salzburg, Austria
| | - Esther-Sevil Eigl
- Laboratory for Sleep, Cognition and Consciousness Research, Department of Psychology, Centre for Cognitive Neuroscience, University of Salzburg, Salzburg, Salzburg, Austria
| | - Reinhold Kerbl
- Department of Pediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, Leoben Regional Hospital, Leoben, Styria, Austria
| | - Kerstin Hoedlmoser
- Laboratory for Sleep, Cognition and Consciousness Research, Department of Psychology, Centre for Cognitive Neuroscience, University of Salzburg, Salzburg, Salzburg, Austria.
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7
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Jiang H, Johnstone SJ, Lu J. Comparing the Efficacy of Two School-Based Approaches of Neurocognitive Training for Enhancing Executive Functions. CHILDREN (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2022; 9:children9101501. [PMID: 36291437 PMCID: PMC9601256 DOI: 10.3390/children9101501] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2022] [Revised: 09/29/2022] [Accepted: 09/29/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Neurocognitive training has been shown to improve a range of cognitive/executive functions and behavior in children. Delivering this training in a school context may enhance its ecological validity and improve training outcomes. The current study examined the efficacy of two school-based neurocognitive training approaches for enhancing executive functions (EF) in typically developing children: neurocognitive training with no teacher positive feedback (NCT), and neurocognitive training with teacher positive feedback (NCT-TPF). Using a randomized control design, 45 children were randomly allocated to the no-training control, NCT, or NCT-TPF group and completed pre- and post-training assessments on the core executive function (EF) domains of inhibitory control, working memory, and task switching. Teachers' subjective acceptance of the two training protocols was investigated to explore potential ecological validity. The two training groups completed six sessions of training in a kindergarten over a 3-week period. The results showed significant post-training improvements in an untrained inhibitory control task for both training groups when compared with the control group. Different effects were found for each group for the untrained task switching task. While reduced reaction time (RT) in correct Color and Shape trials at Time 2 were reported for the NCT-TPF group, there was no difference compared to the control group for the NCT group. The NCT group showed increased RT in Switch trials but reduced Shape errors compared to controls at Time 2, while these effects were not significant for the NCT-TPF group. An unexpected outcome was that children in both training conditions did not show a significant improvement in an untrained working memory task. Teachers' subjective acceptance consistently supported including positive feedback as part of NCT. While further research is needed, these results support use of neurocognitive training and/or neurocognitive training with teacher positive feedback for typically developing children in a school context.
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Affiliation(s)
- Han Jiang
- School of Special Education, Zhejiang Normal University, Hangzhou 311231, China
- Correspondence:
| | - Stuart J. Johnstone
- School of Psychology, University of Wollongong, Wollongong, NSW 2522, Australia
| | - Jinjin Lu
- Department of Educational Studies, Xi’an Jiaotong-Liverpool University, Suzhou 215123, China
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8
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Inhulsen MBMR, van Stralen MM, Terwee CB, Ujcic-Voortman JK, Seidell JC, Busch V. Measuring sleep health in primary school-aged children: A systematic review of instruments and their content validity. Sleep 2022; 45:6695369. [PMID: 36087112 PMCID: PMC9644118 DOI: 10.1093/sleep/zsac215] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2022] [Revised: 07/13/2022] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
Study Objectives This review aimed to summarize instruments that measure one or more domains of sleep health (i.e. duration, quality, efficiency, timing, daytime sleepiness and sleep-related behaviors) in a general population of 4–12-year old children, and to assess these instruments’ content validity. Other measurement properties were evaluated for instruments with indications of sufficient content validity. Methods A systematic literature search was performed in PubMed, PsycINFO, Web of Science, and EmBase. Methodological quality, content validity, and other measurement properties were assessed via the COnsensus-based Standards for the selection of health Measurement INstruments (COSMIN) methodology. Instruments with indications of sufficient content validity (i.e. relevance, comprehensiveness and comprehensibility) were further evaluated on other measurement properties (i.e. other aspects of validity, reliability, responsiveness). A modified GRADE approach was applied to determine the quality of evidence. Results Twenty instruments, containing 36 subscales, were included. None of the instruments measured all sleep health domains. For five (subscales of) instruments sufficient relevance and comprehensibility was found. The quality of evidence ranged from very low to moderate. For these five instruments all additional measurement properties were assessed. Sufficient results were found for structural validity (n = 1), internal consistency (n = 1), and construct validity (n = 1), with quality of evidence ranging from very low to high. Conclusions Several (subscales of) instruments measuring domains of child sleep health showed good promise, demonstrating sufficient relevance, comprehensibility, and some also sufficient results on other measurement properties. However, more high quality studies on instrument development and the evaluation of measurement properties are required. PROSPERO registration number: CRD42021224109
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Affiliation(s)
- Maj-Britt M R Inhulsen
- Department of Health Sciences, Faculty of Science, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam Public Health Research Institute , Amsterdam , the Netherlands
- Sarphati Amsterdam, Public Health Service (GGD), City of Amsterdam , Amsterdam , the Netherlands
| | - Maartje M van Stralen
- Department of Health Sciences, Faculty of Science, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam Public Health Research Institute , Amsterdam , the Netherlands
| | - Caroline B Terwee
- Department of Epidemiology and Data Science, Amsterdam UMC, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam Public Health Research Institute , Amsterdam , the Netherlands
| | - Joanne K Ujcic-Voortman
- Sarphati Amsterdam, Public Health Service (GGD), City of Amsterdam , Amsterdam , the Netherlands
| | - Jacob C Seidell
- Department of Health Sciences, Faculty of Science, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam Public Health Research Institute , Amsterdam , the Netherlands
- Sarphati Amsterdam, Public Health Service (GGD), City of Amsterdam , Amsterdam , the Netherlands
| | - Vincent Busch
- Sarphati Amsterdam, Public Health Service (GGD), City of Amsterdam , Amsterdam , the Netherlands
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9
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Sammallahti S, Koopman-Verhoeff ME, Binter AC, Mulder RH, Cabré-Riera A, Kvist T, Malmberg ALK, Pesce G, Plancoulaine S, Heiss JA, Rifas-Shiman SL, Röder SW, Starling AP, Wilson R, Guerlich K, Haftorn KL, Page CM, Luik AI, Tiemeier H, Felix JF, Raikkonen K, Lahti J, Relton CL, Sharp GC, Waldenberger M, Grote V, Heude B, Annesi-Maesano I, Hivert MF, Zenclussen AC, Herberth G, Dabelea D, Grazuleviciene R, Vafeiadi M, Håberg SE, London SJ, Guxens M, Richmond RC, Cecil CAM. Longitudinal associations of DNA methylation and sleep in children: a meta-analysis. Clin Epigenetics 2022; 14:83. [PMID: 35790973 PMCID: PMC9258202 DOI: 10.1186/s13148-022-01298-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2022] [Accepted: 06/04/2022] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Sleep is important for healthy functioning in children. Numerous genetic and environmental factors, from conception onwards, may influence this phenotype. Epigenetic mechanisms such as DNA methylation have been proposed to underlie variation in sleep or may be an early-life marker of sleep disturbances. We examined if DNA methylation at birth or in school age is associated with parent-reported and actigraphy-estimated sleep outcomes in children. METHODS We meta-analysed epigenome-wide association study results. DNA methylation was measured from cord blood at birth in 11 cohorts and from peripheral blood in children (4-13 years) in 8 cohorts. Outcomes included parent-reported sleep duration, sleep initiation and fragmentation problems, and actigraphy-estimated sleep duration, sleep onset latency and wake-after-sleep-onset duration. RESULTS We found no associations between DNA methylation at birth and parent-reported sleep duration (n = 3658), initiation problems (n = 2504), or fragmentation (n = 1681) (p values above cut-off 4.0 × 10-8). Lower methylation at cg24815001 and cg02753354 at birth was associated with longer actigraphy-estimated sleep duration (p = 3.31 × 10-8, n = 577) and sleep onset latency (p = 8.8 × 10-9, n = 580), respectively. DNA methylation in childhood was not cross-sectionally associated with any sleep outcomes (n = 716-2539). CONCLUSION DNA methylation, at birth or in childhood, was not associated with parent-reported sleep. Associations observed with objectively measured sleep outcomes could be studied further if additional data sets become available.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sara Sammallahti
- grid.5645.2000000040459992XDepartment of Adolescent and Child Psychiatry, Erasmus MC, University Medical Center Rotterdam, Rotterdam, The Netherlands ,grid.7737.40000 0004 0410 2071Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, University of Helsinki and Helsinki University Hospital, Helsinki, Finland
| | - M. Elisabeth Koopman-Verhoeff
- grid.5645.2000000040459992XDepartment of Adolescent and Child Psychiatry, Erasmus MC, University Medical Center Rotterdam, Rotterdam, The Netherlands ,grid.5645.2000000040459992XGeneration R Study Group, Erasmus MC, University Medical Center Rotterdam, Rotterdam, The Netherlands ,grid.5132.50000 0001 2312 1970Institute of Education and Child Studies, Leiden University, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Anne-Claire Binter
- Barcelona Institute for Global Health, ISGlobal, Campus Mar, Doctor Aiguader, 88, 08003, Barcelona, Spain. .,Universitat Pompeu Fabra, Barcelona, Spain. .,Spanish Consortium for Research on Epidemiology and Public Health (CIBERESP), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain.
| | - Rosa H. Mulder
- grid.5645.2000000040459992XDepartment of Adolescent and Child Psychiatry, Erasmus MC, University Medical Center Rotterdam, Rotterdam, The Netherlands ,grid.5645.2000000040459992XGeneration R Study Group, Erasmus MC, University Medical Center Rotterdam, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Alba Cabré-Riera
- grid.434607.20000 0004 1763 3517Barcelona Institute for Global Health, ISGlobal, Campus Mar, Doctor Aiguader, 88, 08003 Barcelona, Spain ,grid.5612.00000 0001 2172 2676Universitat Pompeu Fabra, Barcelona, Spain ,grid.413448.e0000 0000 9314 1427Spanish Consortium for Research on Epidemiology and Public Health (CIBERESP), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
| | - Tuomas Kvist
- grid.7737.40000 0004 0410 2071Department of Psychology and Logopedics, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Anni L. K. Malmberg
- grid.7737.40000 0004 0410 2071Department of Psychology and Logopedics, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Giancarlo Pesce
- grid.462844.80000 0001 2308 1657INSERM UMR-S 1136, Team of Epidemiology of Allergic and Respiratory Diseases (EPAR), Institute Pierre Louis of Epidemiology and Public Health (IPLESP), Sorbonne University, Paris, France
| | - Sabine Plancoulaine
- grid.508487.60000 0004 7885 7602CRESS, Inserm, INRAE, Université de Paris Cité, Paris, France
| | - Jonathan A. Heiss
- grid.59734.3c0000 0001 0670 2351Department of Environmental Medicine and Public Health, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY USA
| | - Sheryl L. Rifas-Shiman
- grid.67104.340000 0004 0415 0102Department of Population Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Harvard Pilgrim Health Care Institute, Boston, MA USA
| | - Stefan W. Röder
- grid.7492.80000 0004 0492 3830Department of Environmental Immunology, Helmholtz Centre for Environmental Research - UFZ, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Anne P. Starling
- grid.430503.10000 0001 0703 675XDepartment of Epidemiology, Colorado School of Public Health, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO USA ,grid.430503.10000 0001 0703 675XCenter for Lifecourse Epidemiology of Adiposity and Diabetes, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO USA ,grid.10698.360000000122483208Department of Epidemiology, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC USA
| | - Rory Wilson
- grid.4567.00000 0004 0483 2525Research Unit Molecular Epidemiology, Institute of Epidemiology, Helmholtz Zentrum München, German Research Center for Environmental Health, Neuherberg, Bavaria Germany
| | - Kathrin Guerlich
- grid.411095.80000 0004 0477 2585Division of Metabolic and Nutritional Medicine, Department of Pediatrics, Dr. Von Hauner Children’s Hospital, LMU University Hospital Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Kristine L. Haftorn
- grid.418193.60000 0001 1541 4204Department of Genetics and Bioinformatics, Norwegian Institute of Public Health, Oslo, Norway ,grid.418193.60000 0001 1541 4204Centre for Fertility and Health, Norwegian Institute of Public Health, Oslo, Norway ,grid.5510.10000 0004 1936 8921Institute of Health and Society, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
| | - Christian M. Page
- grid.418193.60000 0001 1541 4204Centre for Fertility and Health, Norwegian Institute of Public Health, Oslo, Norway ,grid.5510.10000 0004 1936 8921Department of Mathematics, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
| | - Annemarie I. Luik
- grid.5645.2000000040459992XDepartment of Adolescent and Child Psychiatry, Erasmus MC, University Medical Center Rotterdam, Rotterdam, The Netherlands ,grid.5645.2000000040459992XDepartment of Epidemiology, Erasmus MC, University Medical Center Rotterdam, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Henning Tiemeier
- grid.5645.2000000040459992XDepartment of Adolescent and Child Psychiatry, Erasmus MC, University Medical Center Rotterdam, Rotterdam, The Netherlands ,grid.5645.2000000040459992XGeneration R Study Group, Erasmus MC, University Medical Center Rotterdam, Rotterdam, The Netherlands ,grid.38142.3c000000041936754XDepartment of Social and Behavioral Science, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA USA
| | - Janine F. Felix
- grid.5645.2000000040459992XGeneration R Study Group, Erasmus MC, University Medical Center Rotterdam, Rotterdam, The Netherlands ,grid.5645.2000000040459992XDepartment of Pediatrics, Erasmus MC, University Medical Center Rotterdam, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Katri Raikkonen
- grid.7737.40000 0004 0410 2071Department of Psychology and Logopedics, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Jari Lahti
- grid.7737.40000 0004 0410 2071Department of Psychology and Logopedics, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Caroline L. Relton
- grid.5337.20000 0004 1936 7603MRC Integrative Epidemiology Unit, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK ,grid.5337.20000 0004 1936 7603Population Health Sciences, Bristol Medical School, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK
| | - Gemma C. Sharp
- grid.5337.20000 0004 1936 7603MRC Integrative Epidemiology Unit, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK ,grid.5337.20000 0004 1936 7603Population Health Sciences, Bristol Medical School, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK
| | - Melanie Waldenberger
- grid.4567.00000 0004 0483 2525Research Unit Molecular Epidemiology, Institute of Epidemiology, Helmholtz Zentrum München, German Research Center for Environmental Health, Neuherberg, Bavaria Germany
| | - Veit Grote
- grid.411095.80000 0004 0477 2585Division of Metabolic and Nutritional Medicine, Department of Pediatrics, Dr. Von Hauner Children’s Hospital, LMU University Hospital Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Barbara Heude
- grid.508487.60000 0004 7885 7602CRESS, Inserm, INRAE, Université de Paris Cité, Paris, France
| | - Isabella Annesi-Maesano
- grid.121334.60000 0001 2097 0141IDESP, University of Montpellier and INSERM, Montpellier, France
| | - Marie-France Hivert
- grid.67104.340000 0004 0415 0102Department of Population Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Harvard Pilgrim Health Care Institute, Boston, MA USA
| | - Ana C. Zenclussen
- grid.7492.80000 0004 0492 3830Department of Environmental Immunology, Helmholtz Centre for Environmental Research - UFZ, Leipzig, Germany ,grid.9647.c0000 0004 7669 9786Perinatal Immunology Group, Saxonian Incubator for Clinical Translation - SIKT, Leipzig University, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Gunda Herberth
- grid.7492.80000 0004 0492 3830Department of Environmental Immunology, Helmholtz Centre for Environmental Research - UFZ, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Dana Dabelea
- grid.430503.10000 0001 0703 675XDepartment of Epidemiology, Colorado School of Public Health, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO USA ,grid.430503.10000 0001 0703 675XCenter for Lifecourse Epidemiology of Adiposity and Diabetes, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO USA ,grid.430503.10000 0001 0703 675XDepartment of Pediatrics, University of Colorado School of Medicine, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO USA
| | - Regina Grazuleviciene
- grid.19190.300000 0001 2325 0545Department of Environmental Science, Vytautas Magnus University, Kaunas, Lithuania
| | - Marina Vafeiadi
- grid.8127.c0000 0004 0576 3437Department of Social Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Crete, Heraklion, Crete Greece
| | - Siri E. Håberg
- grid.418193.60000 0001 1541 4204Centre for Fertility and Health, Norwegian Institute of Public Health, Oslo, Norway
| | - Stephanie J. London
- grid.280664.e0000 0001 2110 5790Epidemiology Branch, Department of Health and Human Services, National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, National Institutes of Health, Research Triangle Park, NC USA
| | - Mònica Guxens
- grid.5645.2000000040459992XDepartment of Adolescent and Child Psychiatry, Erasmus MC, University Medical Center Rotterdam, Rotterdam, The Netherlands ,grid.434607.20000 0004 1763 3517Barcelona Institute for Global Health, ISGlobal, Campus Mar, Doctor Aiguader, 88, 08003 Barcelona, Spain ,grid.5612.00000 0001 2172 2676Universitat Pompeu Fabra, Barcelona, Spain ,grid.413448.e0000 0000 9314 1427Spanish Consortium for Research on Epidemiology and Public Health (CIBERESP), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
| | - Rebecca C. Richmond
- grid.5337.20000 0004 1936 7603MRC Integrative Epidemiology Unit, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK ,grid.5337.20000 0004 1936 7603Population Health Sciences, Bristol Medical School, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK
| | - Charlotte A. M. Cecil
- grid.5645.2000000040459992XDepartment of Adolescent and Child Psychiatry, Erasmus MC, University Medical Center Rotterdam, Rotterdam, The Netherlands ,grid.5645.2000000040459992XGeneration R Study Group, Erasmus MC, University Medical Center Rotterdam, Rotterdam, The Netherlands ,grid.5645.2000000040459992XDepartment of Epidemiology, Erasmus MC, University Medical Center Rotterdam, Rotterdam, The Netherlands ,grid.10419.3d0000000089452978Molecular Epidemiology, Department of Biomedical Data Sciences, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands ,grid.13097.3c0000 0001 2322 6764Department of Psychology, Institute of Psychology, Psychiatry and Neuroscience, King’s College London, London, UK
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10
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Holzhausen EA, Hagen EW, LeCaire T, Cadmus-Bertram L, Malecki KC, Peppard PE. A Comparison of Self- and Proxy-Reported Subjective Sleep Durations With Objective Actigraphy Measurements in a Survey of Wisconsin Children 6-17 Years of Age. Am J Epidemiol 2021; 190:755-765. [PMID: 33226072 DOI: 10.1093/aje/kwaa254] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2020] [Revised: 11/12/2020] [Accepted: 11/16/2020] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Children's sleep quality and duration are important to overall development, health, and wellbeing. However, measuring children's sleep is challenging, especially in situations where objective assessment is impractical. This study aimed to assess age and proxy effects in comparing subjective sleep duration with objective measures, in a community-based sample of Wisconsin children (aged 6-17 years), recruited from 2014-2017. The sample participants had a mean age of 11.4 (standard deviation, 3.3) years and 52% of them were male. We used linear mixed effects models to test for age effects in proxy- and self-report groups separately, and a quasiexperimental regression discontinuity approach to compare subjective sleep duration with objective actigraphy estimates across proxy- and self-report groups. We found evidence of systematic overestimation of sleep duration when using subjective measurements but did not find evidence of age effects in either group. Based on these analyses, we found evidence of differential overestimation by proxy- or self-report condition. Proxy reporters overestimated sleep duration by 2.3 hours (95% confidence interval: 2.2, 2.4), compared with 1.0 hour (95% confidence interval: 0.7, 1.2) for self-reporters. These findings suggest that proxy- versus self-reporting conditions are an important consideration when designing a study, and that it might be beneficial to reduce the age at which children self-report.
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11
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Courbet O, Slama H, Purper-Ouakil D, Massat I, Villemonteix T. Context-dependent irritability in Attention Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder: correlates and stability of family-restricted versus cross-situational temper outbursts. Child Adolesc Ment Health 2021; 26:122-133. [PMID: 32558093 DOI: 10.1111/camh.12399] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2019] [Revised: 05/26/2020] [Accepted: 05/27/2020] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Impairing irritability is highly prevalent in children with attention deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD), although manifestations of irritability are not necessarily present in all settings (home, school, with peers). At the moment, little is known about the relative prevalence, stability, and etiologies of contextual versus cross-situational manifestations of irritability in ADHD. In this study, levels of dysfunctional parenting practices and sleep problems were compared in irritable versus nonirritable children with ADHD, in cases of family-restricted versus cross-situational irritability, and examined as predictors of irritability levels over a one-year interval. Stability of irritability manifestations over time was investigated, and prevalence of cross-situational disruptive mood dysregulation disorder (DMDD) versus 'family-restricted' DMDD was compared. METHOD One hundred and seventy children with ADHD (age 6-11) were examined. Parents completed a semi-structured interview and questionnaire to assess irritability, and parent-report questionnaires were used to evaluate parenting practices and sleep problems. Questionnaires were completed for a second time after a one-year interval. RESULTS Parenting practices were more dysfunctional in the irritable group compared to the nonirritable group, while sleep problems did not differ between these two groups. Levels of parenting practices and sleep problems did not predict later irritability after correction for multiple comparison nor did they differ between the family-restricted and cross-situational irritable groups. Finally, family-restricted irritability was as prevalent and as stable over time as cross-situational irritability and family-restricted DMDD as prevalent as cross-situational DMDD. CONCLUSIONS Factors associated with contextual versus cross-situational manifestations of irritability in ADHD remain elusive. More subtle measures of parenting practices should be considered, including psychological control or accommodation, and other constructs such as social inhibition. Despite not being captured by current nosography, severe forms of family-restricted irritability may be as prevalent as severe forms of cross-situational irritability.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ophélie Courbet
- Psychopathology and Neuropsychology Laboratory, Paris 8 Vincennes - St Denis University, Saint-Denis, France
| | - Hichem Slama
- UR2NF - Neuropsychology and Functional Neuroimaging Research Group at CRCN - Center for Research in Cognition and Neurosciences, Free University of Brussels, Brussels, Belgium.,Department of Clinical and Cognitive Neuropsychology, Erasmus Hospital, Free University of Brussels, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Diane Purper-Ouakil
- Psychological Medicine for Children and Adolescents, Secteur 1, Saint-Éloi Hospital, University Hospital of Montpellier, Montpellier, France
| | - Isabelle Massat
- Laboratory of Experimental Neurology, Free University of Brussels, Brussels, Belgium.,National Fund of Scientific Research (FNRS), Brussels, Belgium.,Department of Neurology, Erasmus Hospital, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Thomas Villemonteix
- Psychopathology and Neuropsychology Laboratory, Paris 8 Vincennes - St Denis University, Saint-Denis, France
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12
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Aiding diagnosis of childhood attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder of the inattentive presentation: Discriminant function analysis of multi-domain measures including EEG. Biol Psychol 2021; 161:108080. [PMID: 33744372 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopsycho.2021.108080] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2020] [Revised: 03/09/2021] [Accepted: 03/12/2021] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION We developed a neurocognitive assessment tool (NCAT) in consultation with mental health professionals working with children with AD/HD as a diagnostic aid and screening tool. This study examines the predictive utility of NCAT in the classification of children with AD/HD Inattentive presentation. METHOD Fifty three children with AD/HD Inattentive presentation and 161 typically-developing children completed an NCAT assessment. Discriminant function analyses examined group membership prediction for separate components of NCAT and for the components combined. RESULTS The combined model correctly classified 93.4 % of participants, with 91.4 % sensitivity and 93.9 % specificity. Contributions to classification were from SNAP-IV, psychological needs satisfaction, self-regulation, executive function performance, and EEG. The combined model resulted in a 9.3 % increase in specificity and 5.9 % increase in sensitivity compared to SNAP-IV alone. CONCLUSIONS NCAT provides good discrimination between children with and without AD/HD of the Inattentive presentation, and further investigation including other subtypes and comorbidities is warranted.
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13
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Romeo DM, Cordaro G, Macchione E, Venezia I, Brogna C, Mercuri E, Bruni O. Application of the Sleep Disturbance Scale for Children (SDSC) in infants and toddlers (6-36 months). Sleep Med 2021; 81:62-68. [PMID: 33639483 DOI: 10.1016/j.sleep.2021.02.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/28/2020] [Revised: 01/27/2021] [Accepted: 02/01/2021] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES The aim of the present study is to assess the psychometric properties of the Sleep Disturbance Scale for Children (SDSC) in an Italian population of infants and toddlers. METHODS The SDSC was distributed to the primary caregivers of infants aged 6-36 months recruited via nurseries in the urban area of Rome. Reliability analysis for evaluating internal consistency and item-total correlation coefficients, and factor analysis were performed. RESULTS During a 12-months study period, a total of 193 healthy infants (aged 6-36 months) were evaluated using a 22-item version of the SDSC for Italian infants and toddlers. Three of the 22 original items displayed a low item-total correlation (<30) and a low frequency and were eventually removed, resulting in a 19 items questionnaire. Six factors were derived from the factor analysis using the principal component method of extraction and rotated with the varimax method: Difficulty in initiating sleep, Difficulty in maintaining sleep, Sleep breathing disorders, Parasomnias, Disorders of excessive somnolence and Sleep hyperhidrosis. The SDSC adapted for infants and toddlers showed a good level of internal consistency (Cronbach's alpha: 0.83). CONCLUSIONS The statistical analysis, the internal consistency and the factor analysis encourage the use of SDSC as an evaluation tool even at this age. The six factors extracted represent the most common areas of sleep disorders at this age and could therefore help clinicians to detect the areas that need a deeper investigation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Domenico M Romeo
- Pediatric Neurology Unit, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario A. Gemelli, IRCCS, Rome, Italy; Pediatric Neurology Unit, Università Cattolica Del Sacro Cuore, Rome, Italy.
| | - Giorgia Cordaro
- Pediatric Neurology Unit, Università Cattolica Del Sacro Cuore, Rome, Italy
| | - Elisa Macchione
- Pediatric Neurology Unit, Università Cattolica Del Sacro Cuore, Rome, Italy
| | - Ilaria Venezia
- Pediatric Neurology Unit, Università Cattolica Del Sacro Cuore, Rome, Italy
| | - Claudia Brogna
- Pediatric Neurology Unit, Università Cattolica Del Sacro Cuore, Rome, Italy; Neuropsychiatric Unit ASL Avellino, Via Degli Imbimbo 10/12, 83100 Avellino, Italy
| | - Eugenio Mercuri
- Pediatric Neurology Unit, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario A. Gemelli, IRCCS, Rome, Italy; Pediatric Neurology Unit, Università Cattolica Del Sacro Cuore, Rome, Italy
| | - Oliviero Bruni
- Department of Developmental and Social Psychology, Sapienza University of Rome, Italy
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14
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Meltzer LJ, Williamson AA, Mindell JA. Pediatric sleep health: It matters, and so does how we define it. Sleep Med Rev 2021; 57:101425. [PMID: 33601324 DOI: 10.1016/j.smrv.2021.101425] [Citation(s) in RCA: 97] [Impact Index Per Article: 32.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/21/2020] [Revised: 10/12/2020] [Accepted: 10/13/2020] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
In 2014, Buysse published a novel definition of sleep health, raising awareness for the importance of this construct for individuals, populations, clinical care, and research. However, the original definition focused on adults, with the recommendation that it should be adapted for children and adolescents. As children live within a complex and dynamic system, and may not always have control over their own sleep, this theoretical review will examine and apply Buysse's five dimensions of sleep health within the context of pediatrics. In addition, using examples from the pediatric sleep literature we introduce a modified definition that takes into consideration the influence of the socio-ecological system within which children live, and the sleep-related behaviors that are critical in supporting or hindering sleep health. Finally, we discuss how the proposed theoretical framework, Peds B-SATED, can be applied to clinical practice, research, and training in the field of pediatric sleep.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Ariel A Williamson
- Sleep Center, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA, USA; Center for Sleep and Circadian Neurobiology, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Jodi A Mindell
- Sleep Center, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA, USA; Department of Psychology, Saint Joseph's University, Philadelphia, PA, USA
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15
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Van Meter AR, Anderson EA. Evidence Base Update on Assessing Sleep in Youth. JOURNAL OF CLINICAL CHILD AND ADOLESCENT PSYCHOLOGY 2020; 49:701-736. [PMID: 33147074 DOI: 10.1080/15374416.2020.1802735] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Sleep is vital to youth well-being and when it becomes disturbed - whether due to environmental or individual factors - mental and physical health suffer. Sleep problems can also be a symptom of underlying mental health disorders. Assessing different components of sleep, including quality and hygiene, can be useful both for identifying mental health problems and for measuring changes in well-being over time. However, there are dozens of sleep-related measures for youth and it can be difficult to determine which to select for a specific research or clinical purpose. The goal of this review was to identify sleep-related measures for clinical and/or research use in youth mental health settings, and to update the evidence base on this topic. METHOD We generated a list of candidate measures based on other reviews and searched in PubMed and PsycINFO using the terms "sleep" AND (measure OR assessment OR questionnaire) AND (psychometric OR reliability OR validity). Search results were limited to studies about children and adolescents (aged 2-17) published in English. Additional criteria for inclusion were that there had to be at least three publications reporting on the measure psychometrics in community or mental health populations. Sleep measures meeting these criteria were evaluated using the criteria set by De Los Reyes and Langer (2018). RESULTS Twenty-six measures, across four domains of sleep - insomnia, sleep hygiene, sleepiness, sleep quality - met inclusion criteria. Each measure had at least adequate clinical utility. No measure(s) emerged as superior across psychometric domains. CONCLUSION Clinicians and researchers must evaluate sleep measures for each use case, as the intended purpose will dictate which measure is best. Future research is necessary to evaluate measure performance in transdiagnostic mental health populations, including youth with serious mental illness.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna R Van Meter
- Department of Psychiatry, Zucker Hillside Hospital.,Feinstein Institutes for Medical Research, Institute for Behavioral Science.,Department of Psychiatry, Donald and Barbara Zucker School of Medicine at Hofstra/Northwell
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16
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Koopman‐Verhoeff ME, Mulder RH, Saletin JM, Reiss I, van der Horst GT, Felix JF, Carskadon MA, Tiemeier H, Cecil CA. Genome-wide DNA methylation patterns associated with sleep and mental health in children: a population-based study. J Child Psychol Psychiatry 2020; 61:1061-1069. [PMID: 32361995 PMCID: PMC7586967 DOI: 10.1111/jcpp.13252] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 04/01/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND DNA methylation (DNAm) has been implicated in the biology of sleep. Yet, how DNAm patterns across the genome relate to different sleep outcomes, and whether these associations overlap with mental health is currently unknown. Here, we investigated associations of DNAm with sleep and mental health in a pediatric population. METHODS This cross-sectional study included 465 10-year-old children (51.3% female) from the Generation R Study. Genome-wide DNAm levels were measured using the Illumina 450K array (peripheral blood). Sleep problems were assessed from self-report and mental health outcomes from maternal questionnaires. Wrist actigraphy was used in 188 11-year-old children to calculate sleep duration and midpoint sleep. Weighted gene co-expression network analysis was used to identify highly comethylated DNAm 'modules', which were tested for associations with sleep and mental health outcomes. RESULTS We identified 64 DNAm modules, one of which associated with sleep duration after covariate and multiple testing adjustment. This module included CpG sites spanning 9 genes on chromosome 17, including MAPT - a key regulator of Tau proteins in the brain involved in neuronal function - as well as genes previously implicated in sleep duration. Follow-up analyses suggested that DNAm variation in this region is under considerable genetic control and shows strong blood-brain concordance. DNAm modules associated with sleep did not overlap with those associated with mental health. CONCLUSIONS We identified one DNAm region associated with sleep duration, including genes previously reported by recent GWAS studies. Further research is warranted to examine the functional role of this region and its longitudinal association with sleep.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Elisabeth Koopman‐Verhoeff
- Department of Child and Adolescent PsychiatryErasmus University Medical CenterSophia Children’s HospitalRotterdamThe Netherlands,The Generation R Study GroupErasmus MCUniversity Medical Center RotterdamRotterdamThe Netherlands,EP Bradley Hospital Sleep LaboratoryAlpert Medical School of Brown UniversityProvidenceRIUSA
| | - Rosa H. Mulder
- Department of Child and Adolescent PsychiatryErasmus University Medical CenterSophia Children’s HospitalRotterdamThe Netherlands,The Generation R Study GroupErasmus MCUniversity Medical Center RotterdamRotterdamThe Netherlands,Institute of Education and Child StudiesLeiden UniversityLeidenThe Netherlands
| | - Jared M. Saletin
- EP Bradley Hospital Sleep LaboratoryAlpert Medical School of Brown UniversityProvidenceRIUSA
| | - Irwin Reiss
- Department of PediatricsErasmus MCUniversity Medical Center RotterdamRotterdamThe Netherlands
| | | | - Janine F. Felix
- The Generation R Study GroupErasmus MCUniversity Medical Center RotterdamRotterdamThe Netherlands,Department of PediatricsErasmus MCUniversity Medical Center RotterdamRotterdamThe Netherlands
| | - Mary A. Carskadon
- EP Bradley Hospital Sleep LaboratoryAlpert Medical School of Brown UniversityProvidenceRIUSA
| | - Henning Tiemeier
- Department of Child and Adolescent PsychiatryErasmus University Medical CenterSophia Children’s HospitalRotterdamThe Netherlands,Department of Social and Behavioral ScienceHarvard TH Chan School of Public HealthBostonMAUSA
| | - Charlotte A.M. Cecil
- Department of Child and Adolescent PsychiatryErasmus University Medical CenterSophia Children’s HospitalRotterdamThe Netherlands,The Generation R Study GroupErasmus MCUniversity Medical Center RotterdamRotterdamThe Netherlands,Department of EpidemiologyErasmus MCUniversity Medical Center RotterdamRotterdamThe Netherlands
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17
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Hidding LM, Chinapaw MJM, Belmon LS, Altenburg TM. Co-creating a 24-hour movement behavior tool together with 9-12-year-old children using mixed-methods: MyDailyMoves. Int J Behav Nutr Phys Act 2020; 17:63. [PMID: 32410623 PMCID: PMC7226934 DOI: 10.1186/s12966-020-00965-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/04/2019] [Accepted: 05/01/2020] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND All 24-h movement behaviors, i.e. physical activity, sedentary behavior and sleep, are important for optimal health in children. Currently, no tools exist that include all 24-h behaviors and have been proven to be both reliable and valid. Potential reasons for the inadequate validity and reliability of existing questionnaires are the lack of focus on the content validity and lack of involvement of children in the development. Therefore, the aim of this study was to co-create a 24-h movement behavior tool together with 9-12-year-old children. METHODS Concept mapping and photovoice meetings were held to identify children's physical activity behaviors. During concept mapping meetings with four groups of children (n = 40), children generated an extensive list of physical activities they engaged in, sorted the activities in categories and rated the frequency and perceived intensity of these activities. Using photovoice, three groups of children (n = 24) photographed their physical activities during one weekday and one weekend day, named the photographs, and placed them on a timeline. Furthermore, researchers obtained information on relevant items regarding sleep and sedentary behavior by screening existing questionnaires. Thereafter, we developed the first version of MyDailyMoves. Subsequently, we examined the content validity of the tool together with three groups of children (n = 22) and one group of researchers (n = 7) using focus group meetings. RESULTS MyDailyMoves has a timeline format, onto which children add the activities they performed the previous day. Based on the concept mapping and photovoice studies, eight physical activity categories were included: playing inside, playing outside, sports, hobbies, chores, personal care, transport, and others. Sleep questions and two more sedentary categories (schoolwork and screen time) were added to MyDailyMoves to define and complete the timeline. The content validity study showed that all items in the tool were relevant. However, children mentioned that the activity category 'eating' was missing and the understandability of how to use the tool should be improved by adding an explanatory video. Both suggestions were adopted in the second version. CONCLUSION Including the children's perceptions throughout the tool development process resulted in a comprehensive and practical tool which is easy for children to use.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lisan M Hidding
- Amsterdam UMC, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Department of Public and Occupational Health, Amsterdam Public Health research institute, van der Boechorststraat 7, 1081BT, Amsterdam, the Netherlands.
| | - Mai J M Chinapaw
- Amsterdam UMC, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Department of Public and Occupational Health, Amsterdam Public Health research institute, van der Boechorststraat 7, 1081BT, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Laura S Belmon
- Amsterdam UMC, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Department of Public and Occupational Health, Amsterdam Public Health research institute, van der Boechorststraat 7, 1081BT, Amsterdam, the Netherlands.,Department of Epidemiology & Health Promotion, Section Youth, Municipal Health Service Amsterdam, Nieuwe Achtergracht 100, 1018WT, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Teatske M Altenburg
- Amsterdam UMC, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Department of Public and Occupational Health, Amsterdam Public Health research institute, van der Boechorststraat 7, 1081BT, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
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18
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Owens JA, Babcock D, Weiss M. Evaluation and Treatment of Children and Adolescents With Excessive Daytime Sleepiness. Clin Pediatr (Phila) 2020; 59:340-351. [PMID: 32167377 PMCID: PMC7160754 DOI: 10.1177/0009922820903434] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/05/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Judith A. Owens
- Boston Children’s Hospital, Harvard
Medical School, Waltham, MA, USA,Judith A. Owens, Division of Neurology,
Boston Children’s Hospital, 333 Longwood Avenue, Boston, MA 02115, USA.
| | - Debra Babcock
- Packard Children’s Health Alliance,
Stanford Children’s Health, Los Altos, CA, USA
| | - Miriam Weiss
- Children’s National Health System,
Washington, DC, USA
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19
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Abstract
Since a thorough review in 2011 by Spruyt, into the integral pitfalls of pediatric questionnaires in sleep, sleep researchers worldwide have further evaluated many existing tools. This systematic review aims to comprehensively evaluate and summarize the tools currently in circulation and provide recommendations for potential evolving avenues of pediatric sleep interest. 144 "tool"-studies (70 tools) have been published aiming at investigating sleep in primarily 6-18 years old per parental report. Although 27 new tools were discovered, most of the studies translated or evaluated the psychometric properties of existing tools. Some form of normative values has been established in 18 studies. More than half of the tools queried general sleep problems. Extra efforts in tool development are still needed for tools that assess children outside the 6-to-12-year-old age range, as well as for tools examining sleep-related aspects beyond sleep problems/disorders. Especially assessing the validity of tools has been pursued vis-à-vis fulfillment of psychometric criteria. While the Spruyt et al. review provided a rigorous step-by-step guide into the development and validation of such tools, a pattern of steps continue to be overlooked. As these instruments are potentially valuable in assisting in the development of a clinical diagnosis into pediatric sleep pathologies, it is required that while they are primary subjective measures, they behave as objective measures. More tools for specific populations (e.g., in terms of ages, developmental disabilities, and sleep pathologies) are still needed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tabitha Sen
- School of Biomedical Sciences, Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane, QLD, Australia
| | - Karen Spruyt
- Lyon Neuroscience Research Center, INSERM U1028-CNRS UMR 5292, University Claude Bernard, School of Medicine, Lyon, France
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20
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Perfect MM. Sleep-related disorders in patients with type 1 diabetes mellitus: current insights. Nat Sci Sleep 2020; 12:101-123. [PMID: 32104119 PMCID: PMC7023878 DOI: 10.2147/nss.s152555] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2018] [Accepted: 01/21/2019] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM) is an autoimmune condition that results from destruction of beta cells in the pancreas. Several reviews have concluded that sleep contributes to poor glycemic control, diabetes management, and diabetes-related complications in individuals with T1DM and represents an untapped opportunity for intervention. However, at the current juncture, the American Diabetes Association's Standards of Medical Care are devoid of recommendations about how to address sleep in the management of T1DM. This article summarizes reviews of sleep in youth and adults with T1DM and empirical studies that have examined various sleep parameters ranging from sleep disturbances (general, perceived sleep quality, sleepiness, awakenings, and sleep efficiency), sleep duration, sleep consistency, sleep-disordered breathing (SDB), and sleep architecture. The data show that many individuals with T1DM sleep less than recommendations; individuals with the poorest sleep have difficulties with diabetes management; and sleep deficiency including SDB often corresponds to several disease morbidities (neuropathy, nephropathy, etc). Mixed findings exist regarding direct associations of various sleep parameters and glycemic control. SDB appears to be just as prevalent, if not more, than other conditions that have been recommended for universal screening in individuals with T1DM. The article concludes with recommendations for collaborative research efforts to further elucidate the role of sleep in diabetes-related outcomes; investigations to test behavioral strategies to increase sleep quantity and consistency; and considerations for clinical care to address sleep.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michelle M Perfect
- Department of Disability and Psychoeducational Studies, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ, USA
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21
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Løyland B, Angelhoff C, Kristjánsdóttir G, Sjølie H. A systematic integrative review of parents' experience and perception of sleep when they stay overnight in the hospital together with their sick children. J Clin Nurs 2019; 29:706-719. [PMID: 31821674 DOI: 10.1111/jocn.15134] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2019] [Revised: 11/19/2019] [Accepted: 11/21/2019] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
AIMS AND OBJECTIVES To elucidate knowledge available on parents' experience and perception of sleep when they stay overnight in hospital together with their sick children. BACKGROUND In Nordic countries, children are entitled to have at least one parent with them during hospitalisation. Parents' sleep, when accommodated at the hospital during the child's admission, may be a challenge. DESIGN A systematic literature search was conducted in EMBASE, MEDLINE and PsycINFO; period is restricted from 1 January 2007 to 1 April 2019. Studies included were those in which parents were accommodated in hospital with their child, 0-18 years of age, for at least one night. Original peer-reviewed scientific research papers conducting qualitative, quantitative or mixed designs were included. Systematic reviews were not included. This systematic integrative review was registered in PROSPERO and performed according to the PRISMA guidelines. All authors participated in study selection, data extraction and quality assessment of the literature. RESULTS Fifteen studies were included, and they varied in terms of origin, aims, design, methods used and sample size. Three overall main themes appeared: sleep quality, factors affecting sleep and consequences of sleep loss. Combined psychological factors were found to affect parents' sleep, as well as isolated psychological factors, for example, stress, anxiety, worries and difficult thoughts. Environmental and social factors were also identified, for example, privacy and caring for family. CONCLUSION Study of this subject is still in its exploratory phase. There is a need for the development of theory of substance in the clarification of the meaning of sleep among parents during difficult times such as children's hospitalisation. RELEVANCE TO CLINICAL PRACTICE Understanding risk factors associated with sleep and sleep deprivation in parents staying overnight in the hospital with their sick child is important, since lack of sleep may lead to serious stress-related outcomes for the parents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Borghild Løyland
- Department of Nursing and Health Promotion, Faculty of Health Sciences, OsloMet - Oslo Metropolitan University, Oslo, Norway
| | - Charlotte Angelhoff
- Division of Nursing Science, Department of Social and Welfare Studies, Linköping University, Norrköping, Sweden.,Department of Pediatrics, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Linköping University, Linköping, Sweden
| | - Gudrún Kristjánsdóttir
- Faculty of Nursing, University of Iceland, Reykjavík, Iceland.,Hringurinn Children's Hospital, Landspitali University Hospital, Reykjavik, Iceland
| | - Hege Sjølie
- Department of Nursing and Health Promotion, Faculty of Health Sciences, OsloMet - Oslo Metropolitan University, Oslo, Norway
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22
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Food insecurity is associated with suboptimal sleep quality, but not sleep duration, among low-income Head Start children of pre-school age. Public Health Nutr 2019; 23:701-710. [PMID: 31775944 DOI: 10.1017/s136898001900332x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To examine the association between food insecurity and child sleep outcomes and to investigate whether parent psychosocial factors mediate such associations. DESIGN Cross-sectional study. Usual wake time and bedtime, bedtime routine and sleep quality were reported by parents using the adapted Brief Infant Sleep Questionnaire. Food insecurity was assessed using the eighteen-item US Department of Agriculture Household Food Security Module. Parent psychosocial factors, including perceived stress, parenting self-efficacy and depressive symptomology, were assessed using validated scales. Multivariable logistic regression models were performed to determine the association between food insecurity and sleep outcomes controlling for potential confounders. Mediation analyses and Sobel tests were applied to test the mediating effect of psychosocial factors. SETTING Head Start pre-school classrooms in four regions across central Pennsylvania, USA. PARTICIPANTS Low-income children of pre-school age (n 362) and their caregivers. RESULTS Prevalence of household, adult and child food insecurity was 37·3, 31·8 and 17·7 %, respectively. Food security status at any level was not associated with child sleep duration or bedtime routine. Child food insecurity, but not household or adult food insecurity, was associated with 2·25 times increased odds (95 % CI 1·11, 4·55) of poor child sleep quality in the adjusted model. Perceived stress, self-efficacy and depressive symptomology mediated less than 2 % of the observed effect (all Sobel test P > 0·6). CONCLUSION Food insecurity, particularly at the child level, is a potential modifiable risk factor for reducing sleep-related health disparities in early childhood. Future studies are needed to explore the plausible mechanisms underlying the associations between food insecurity and adverse child sleep outcomes.
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23
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Poppert Cordts KM, Steele RG. Trajectories of pediatric sleepiness and their associations with health-related quality of life. Bull Menninger Clin 2019; 83:175-197. [PMID: 31112409 DOI: 10.1521/bumc.2019.83.2.175] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
The need for sleep in children has sparked extensive research, with inconclusive support for an association between sleep duration and sleep quality and health-related quality of life (HR-QOL). Daytime sleepiness, which captures a child's subjective sleep experience, has seldom been explored. Latent class growth analysis (LCGA) was employed to identify longitudinal trajectories of children's sleepiness. Trajectories were utilized to assess their association with HRQOL. The present sample included 158 children and their self-reports of sleepiness and HRQOL collected at three time points across an academic year. Results provided support for three trajectories of sleepiness, with significant associations between trajectory and later HRQOL. Post hoc tests revealed significant differences in HRQOL between trajectories. Children with high and stable sleepiness-experienced impairments in HRQOL comparable to children with chronic health conditions. Implications include the establishment of daytime sleepiness as a pervasive state with both statistical and clinical significance.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Ric G Steele
- Clinical Child Psychology Program, University of Kansas, Lawrence, Kansas
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24
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Khassawneh B, Tsai SC, Meltzer LJ. Polysomnographic characteristics of adolescents with asthma and low risk for sleep-disordered breathing. Sleep Breath 2019; 23:943-951. [PMID: 30689097 DOI: 10.1007/s11325-018-01774-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/04/2018] [Revised: 11/21/2018] [Accepted: 12/18/2018] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE The aim of this study was to describe the polysomnographic characteristics of adolescents with asthma who are at low risk for sleep-disordered breathing (SDB) based on the Pediatric Sleep Questionnaire (PSQ). METHODS Overnight polysomnography was performed on 85 adolescents with asthma and a score < 0.33 on the PSQ. The Asthma Control Questionnaire was used to define "well-controlled" versus "inadequately controlled" asthma. RESULTS Mean age of participants was 14.5 ± 1.6 years (range, 11 to 17 years), 63.5% were girls, 57.6% were Caucasians, and the mean body mass index percentile was 65.1 ± 26.5. Asthma was well-controlled in 51.7% of the adolescents and inadequately controlled in 15.3%. Mean sleep efficiency (SE) was 88.0 ± 11.1%, and 24.7% had SE < 85%. Mean wakefulness after sleep onset (WASO) was 40.9 ± 44.0 min, and the mean arousal index was 10.8 ± 5.6 per hour. The mean apnea/hypopnea index (AHI) was 2.3 ± 4.2, and 29.4% of participants had SDB (defined by an AHI ≥ 2). Compared with normative values, adolescents with asthma had more nocturnal awakenings and WASO, and less REM sleep. SDB risk was higher in boys [odds ratio = 4.6 (confidence interval 1.4-14.7), p = 0.01]. Asthma control did not impact sleep and respiratory parameters, with no differences found between youth with well-controlled and inadequately controlled asthma. CONCLUSIONS Adolescents with asthma are at increased risk of sleep-disordered breathing and suffer from disturbances in sleep continuity with more arousals and sleep fragmentation. Study results highlight the importance of proper screening for sleep-disordered breathing in adolescents with asthma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Basheer Khassawneh
- Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Jordan University of Science and Technology, Irbid, Jordan. .,Department of Medicine, National Jewish Health, Denver, CO, USA.
| | - Sheila C Tsai
- Department of Medicine, National Jewish Health, Denver, CO, USA
| | - Lisa J Meltzer
- Department of Pediatrics, National Jewish Health, Denver, CO, USA
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25
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Gómez‐Benito J, Berrío ÁI, Guilera G, Rojo E, Purdon S, Pino O. The Screen for Cognitive Impairment in Psychiatry: Proposal for a polytomous scoring system. Int J Methods Psychiatr Res 2018; 27:e1598. [PMID: 29110352 PMCID: PMC6877218 DOI: 10.1002/mpr.1598] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2017] [Revised: 10/04/2017] [Accepted: 10/06/2017] [Indexed: 01/02/2023] Open
Abstract
The Screen for Cognitive Impairment in Psychiatry is a simple, fast, and easy to administer scale that has been validated in clinical and community samples. The aim of this study was to propose a polytomous scoring system for the Screen for Cognitive Impairment in Psychiatry and to demonstrate its functioning, thus providing new and complementary information regarding the utility and precision of this screening tool. Three hundred seventy-six Spanish patients diagnosed with schizophrenia spectrum disorder were evaluated. A polytomous scoring system was generated and analyzed by means of the partial credit model. Category assessment revealed optimal functioning after collapsing the 7-category system to 1 with either 5 or 4 categories, depending on the item. The proposed polytomous scoring system shows good psychometric properties and an adequate fit to the partial credit model. These results provide further confirmation of the test's utility in clinical settings and of its suitability for detecting cognitive impairment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juana Gómez‐Benito
- Quantitative Psychology Unit, Faculty of PsychologyUniversity of BarcelonaBarcelonaSpain
- Group on Measurement Invariance and Analysis of Change (GEIMAC), Institute of Neurosciences (NeuroUB)University of BarcelonaBarcelonaSpain
| | - Ángela I. Berrío
- Quantitative Psychology Unit, Faculty of PsychologyUniversity of BarcelonaBarcelonaSpain
| | - Georgina Guilera
- Quantitative Psychology Unit, Faculty of PsychologyUniversity of BarcelonaBarcelonaSpain
- Group on Measurement Invariance and Analysis of Change (GEIMAC), Institute of Neurosciences (NeuroUB)University of BarcelonaBarcelonaSpain
| | - Emilio Rojo
- Benito Menni CASMGermanes HospitalàriesBarcelonaSpain
- Department of PsychiatryInternational University of CataloniaBarcelonaSpain
| | - Scot Purdon
- Department of PsychiatryUniversity of AlbertaEdmontonAlbertaCanada
| | - Oscar Pino
- Quantitative Psychology Unit, Faculty of PsychologyUniversity of BarcelonaBarcelonaSpain
- Benito Menni CASMHospital General de GranollersGranollersSpain
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26
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Liu J, Wang G, Ji X, Cui N, Liu X. Agreement between parent-reports and child self-reports of sleep problems in Chinese children. Sleep Biol Rhythms 2018; 16:283-291. [PMID: 37786879 PMCID: PMC10544765 DOI: 10.1007/s41105-018-0152-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2017] [Accepted: 02/06/2018] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
Sleep problems are major concerns for parents, health professionals, and children and youths themselves. For assessing sleep problems, both parent and child reports are important, with each having its unique features. However, little is known about the correlates of the agreement between parent and child self-reports. This study evaluated the agreement between the youth self-report sleep questionnaire (YSRSQ) and the parent-reported children's sleep habits questionnaire (CSHQ) and assessed the associated sociodemographic factors, as well as the underlying discrepancies. The participants included 3143 pairs of Chinese preadolescents (mean age = 11.03, SD = 0.98) and parents. Sleep-disordered breathing (SDB), daytime sleepiness, and parasomnia were assessed by both the YSRSQ and CSHQ. Significant but low correlations were present between parent report and preadolescent self-report items on SDB problems, daytime sleepiness, and parasomnias. Although the agreement between SDB symptoms and parasomnias was stronger for girls than for boys, the degree of concordance between SDB symptoms and parasomnia increased with preadolescent age, with the highest agreement achieved among preadolescents aged 12 years or older for SDB problems and 11 years or older for parasomnias. Findings underscore the importance of utilizing both parental and preadolescent self-reports in accurately assessing and diagnosing sleep impairment in pediatric samples.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jianghong Liu
- University of Pennsylvania Schools of Nursing and Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Guanghai Wang
- Department of Developmental and Behavioral Pediatrics, Pediatric Translational Medicine Institute, Shanghai Children’s Medical Center, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, MOE-Shanghai Key Laboratory of Children’s Environmental Health, Shanghai, China
| | - Xiaopeng Ji
- University of Pennsylvania Schools of Nursing and Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, USA
- University of Delaware School of Nursing, Newark, DE, USA
| | - Naixue Cui
- University of Pennsylvania Schools of Nursing and Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, USA
- Shandong University School of Nursing, Jinan, China
| | - Xianchen Liu
- Shandong University School of Public Health, Jinan, China
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27
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Hyseni Duraku Z, Kelmendi K, Jemini-Gashi L. Associations of psychological distress, sleep, and self-esteem among Kosovar adolescents. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ADOLESCENCE AND YOUTH 2018. [DOI: 10.1080/02673843.2018.1450272] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/17/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
| | - Kaltrina Kelmendi
- Department of Psychology, University of Prishtina, Hasan Prishtina, Kosovo
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28
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Forrest CB, Meltzer LJ, Marcus CL, de la Motte A, Kratchman A, Buysse DJ, Pilkonis PA, Becker BD, Bevans KB. Development and validation of the PROMIS Pediatric Sleep Disturbance and Sleep-Related Impairment item banks. Sleep 2018; 41:4931870. [DOI: 10.1093/sleep/zsy054] [Citation(s) in RCA: 64] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2017] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Christopher B Forrest
- Project Performance Site: Applied Clinical Research Center, Children’s Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA
- Department of Pediatrics, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA
| | - Lisa J Meltzer
- Department of Pediatrics, National Jewish Health, Denver, CO
| | - Carole L Marcus
- Department of Pediatrics, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA
| | - Anna de la Motte
- Project Performance Site: Applied Clinical Research Center, Children’s Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA
| | - Amy Kratchman
- Project Performance Site: Applied Clinical Research Center, Children’s Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA
| | - Daniel J Buysse
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA
| | - Paul A Pilkonis
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA
| | - Brandon D Becker
- Project Performance Site: Applied Clinical Research Center, Children’s Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA
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29
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Assessing sleepiness and cataplexy in children and adolescents with narcolepsy: a review of current patient-reported measures. Sleep Med 2017; 32:143-149. [PMID: 28366326 DOI: 10.1016/j.sleep.2016.12.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/2016] [Revised: 12/23/2016] [Accepted: 12/26/2016] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
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30
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Mullin BC, Pyle L, Haraden D, Riederer J, Brim N, Kaplan D, Novins D. A Preliminary Multimethod Comparison of Sleep Among Adolescents With and Without Generalized Anxiety Disorder. JOURNAL OF CLINICAL CHILD AND ADOLESCENT PSYCHOLOGY 2016; 46:198-210. [PMID: 27736237 DOI: 10.1080/15374416.2016.1220312] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
Previous studies suggest that youth with anxiety disorders experience their sleep as more disrupted and unsatisfying than their healthy peers. However, it is unclear whether these subjective complaints align with objective measures of sleep quantity and quality. The purpose of this preliminary study was to assess subjective and objective sleep parameters, and their relationships with anxiety symptomatology, among adolescents (62.8% female, 81.4% Caucasian), ages 12 to 18 (M = 15.29 years), with generalized anxiety disorder (n = 26) and controls without any psychopathology (n = 17). We measured sleep over 7 nights using sleep diaries and actigraphy and collected self- and parent-report questionnaires pertaining to sleep, anxiety, and depression. Repeated-measures mixed models were used to examine relationships between nightly sleep duration and morning anxiety. We found a number of differences in sleep between our anxious and healthy participants. Via sleep diary, our anxious participants had longer sleep onset latencies and lower satisfaction with sleep relative to controls, whereas via actigraphy we found longer sleep onset latencies but greater overall sleep duration among anxious versus control participants. Actigraphic measures of sleep disturbance were associated with parent-report of anxiety and depression. Our mixed-model analyses revealed that decreases in nightly sleep duration were associated with increased morning anxiety, but only among our participants with generalized anxiety disorder. Findings suggest that sleep disturbance among anxious adolescents can be detected using both subjective and objective measures and that, for these individuals, fluctuations in sleep duration may have real consequences for daytime anxiety.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Laura Pyle
- a School of Medicine, University of Colorado
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31
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Hansen BH, Alfstad KÅ, van Roy B, Henning O, Lossius MI. Sleep problems in children and adolescents with epilepsy: Associations with psychiatric comorbidity. Epilepsy Behav 2016; 62:14-9. [PMID: 27448238 DOI: 10.1016/j.yebeh.2016.06.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2016] [Revised: 06/15/2016] [Accepted: 06/16/2016] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Sleep problems are common in pediatric epilepsy and may influence seizure control, daytime functioning, and overall quality of life. Knowledge of factors contributing to sleep problems is likely to improve treatment. The aim of this study was to investigate associations between psychiatric comorbidity and parent-reported and self-reported sleep problems in a sample of children and adolescents with epilepsy. Participants were children and adolescents (N=94), aged 10-19years, with generalized or focal epilepsy who had been referred to a tertiary epilepsy treatment center in Norway. Participants underwent a thorough clinical assessment and 24h of EEG registration. Information on sleep problems was obtained from parents using the Children's Sleep Habit Questionnaire (CSHQ) and from self-reporting using the Sleep Self-Report (SSR) questionnaire. Psychiatric diagnoses were established using the semistructured psychiatric interview Schedule for Affective Disorders and Schizophrenia - Present and Lifetime Version (Kiddie-SADS-PL). Both the total and subdomain CSHQ and SSR scores were high in comparison with scores from population-based samples. Having one or more psychiatric disorder(s) was significantly associated with elevated scores on both the CSHQ and the SSR. With the exception of parent-reported parasomnias, associations between sleep problems and psychiatric disorders remained significant after adjusting for relevant epilepsy variables. Psychiatric comorbidity explained about one-third of the variance of the reported sleep problems in children and adolescents with epilepsy.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Kristin Å Alfstad
- National Centre for Epilepsy, Department of Children and Youth, Division for Clinical Neuroscience, Oslo University Hospital, Norway
| | - Betty van Roy
- Pediatric Division, Akershus University Hospital, Lørenskog, Norway
| | - Oliver Henning
- National Centre for Epilepsy, Department of Clinical Neurophysiology, Division for Clinical Neuroscience, Oslo University Hospital, Norway
| | - Morten I Lossius
- National Centre for Epilepsy, Department of Children and Youth, Division for Clinical Neuroscience, Oslo University Hospital, Norway
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32
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Könen T, Dirk J, Leonhardt A, Schmiedek F. The interplay between sleep behavior and affect in elementary school children's daily life. J Exp Child Psychol 2016; 150:1-15. [PMID: 27236036 DOI: 10.1016/j.jecp.2016.04.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2016] [Revised: 04/15/2016] [Accepted: 04/17/2016] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
Recent reviews raised the idea of a bidirectional relation between sleep behavior and affect in adults, but little is known about this interplay in general and especially regarding children. In this micro-longitudinal study, the interplay of sleep and affect was captured directly in children's daily life context in and out of school through ambulatory assessment. For 31 consecutive days, 110 elementary school children (8-11 years old) provided information about their last night's sleep and reported their current affect at four daily occasions in school and at home on smartphones. A multilevel approach was used to analyze the relation between sleep and affect the next day (morning, noon, and afternoon) and the relation between evening affect and subsequent sleep. At the within-person level, sleep quality was related to all observed facets of affect the next day and the strongest effects were found in the morning. The effect of sleep quality on positive affect was particularly pronounced for children who on average went to bed early and slept long. There were, however, no direct within-person effects of sleep quantity on affect. Furthermore, evening affect was related to subsequent sleep. The findings support the idea of a bidirectional relation between affect and sleep in children's daily life (including school). They suggest that good sleep provides a basis and resource for children's affective well-being the next day and demonstrate the importance of analyzing within-person variations of children's sleep. Micro-longitudinal findings can contribute to explain how macro-longitudinal relations between sleep and affect develop over time.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tanja Könen
- Department of Psychology, Goethe University Frankfurt, D-60323 Frankfurt am Main, Germany; IDeA (Individual Development and Adaptive Education of Children at Risk) Center, D-60323 Frankfurt am Main, Germany.
| | - Judith Dirk
- IDeA (Individual Development and Adaptive Education of Children at Risk) Center, D-60323 Frankfurt am Main, Germany; German Institute for International Educational Research (DIPF), D-60486 Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | - Anja Leonhardt
- IDeA (Individual Development and Adaptive Education of Children at Risk) Center, D-60323 Frankfurt am Main, Germany; German Institute for International Educational Research (DIPF), D-60486 Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | - Florian Schmiedek
- Department of Psychology, Goethe University Frankfurt, D-60323 Frankfurt am Main, Germany; IDeA (Individual Development and Adaptive Education of Children at Risk) Center, D-60323 Frankfurt am Main, Germany; German Institute for International Educational Research (DIPF), D-60486 Frankfurt am Main, Germany
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33
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Poppert Cordts K, Steele RG. An Evaluation of the Children's Report of Sleep Patterns Using Confirmatory and Exploratory Factor Analytic Approaches. J Pediatr Psychol 2016; 41:993-1001. [PMID: 26994059 DOI: 10.1093/jpepsy/jsw013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/23/2015] [Accepted: 02/11/2016] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To explore the psychometric properties of the Children's Report of Sleep Patterns (CRSP) in school-aged children by conducting a factor analysis of the Sleepiness Scale and the Sleep Disturbances Scales. METHODS Participants included 155 children from two elementary schools (Mage = 9.82) who completed the self-report CRSP. A confirmatory factor analysis (CFA) was conducted using the originally hypothesized structure. A subsequent exploratory factor analysis (EFA) was conducted to determine an alternative factor structure. RESULTS CFA revealed that the hypothesized factor structure was not supported. The EFA produced an alternative six-factor solution, which supports the conceptualization of three new scales, Restless Legs Report, Sleep Initiation, and Sleep Maintenance/Night Wakings. CONCLUSION The revised measure adds increased specificity with scales related to insomnia and restless leg symptoms. Researchers and clinicians interested in using the CRSP should continue to assess its validity by exploring the relationship between the measure and objective measures of sleep behavior.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Ric G Steele
- Clinical Child Psychology Program, University of Kansas
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34
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Sleep Habits of Elementary and Middle School Children in South Texas. SLEEP DISORDERS 2016; 2015:179103. [PMID: 26770835 PMCID: PMC4681792 DOI: 10.1155/2015/179103] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2015] [Revised: 11/16/2015] [Accepted: 11/17/2015] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Background. Sleep difficulties, including insufficient sleep and inadequate sleep hygiene, have been prevalent among children. Sleep deprivation can lead to poor grades, sleepiness, and moodiness. We undertook this study to assess the prevalence of sleep abnormalities among elementary and middle school students in South Texas and how the groups compare with one another. Method. After approval from the appropriate school district for a sleep education program, a baseline survey was taken of elementary and middle school students, using the Children's Sleep Habit Questionnaire-Sleep Self-Report Form, which assessed the domains of bedtime resistance, sleep onset delay, sleep anxiety, sleep duration, night awakening, and daytime sleepiness. Results. The survey was completed by 499 elementary and 1008 middle school children. Trouble sleeping was reported by 43% in elementary school, compared with 29% of middle school children. Fifty percent of middle school children did not like sleeping, compared with 26% in elementary school. Bedtime resistance, sleep onset delay, and nighttime awakening were more common among elementary school students. Daytime sleepiness was more common among the middle school children when compared to elementary school children. Conclusions. Sleep abnormalities are present in elementary school children with changes in sleep habits into middle school.
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35
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Peterman JS, Carper MM, Elkins RM, Comer JS, Pincus DB, Kendall PC. The effects of cognitive-behavioral therapy for youth anxiety on sleep problems. J Anxiety Disord 2016; 37:78-88. [PMID: 26735330 DOI: 10.1016/j.janxdis.2015.11.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2015] [Revised: 11/19/2015] [Accepted: 11/30/2015] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Abstract
The present study examined (a) whether sleep related problems (SRPs) improved following cognitive-behavioral therapy (CBT) for youth with anxiety disorders, (b) whether variables that may link anxiety and SRPs (e.g., pre-sleep arousal, family accommodation, sleep hygiene) changed during treatment, and (c) whether such changes predicted SRPs at posttreatment. Youth were diagnosed with anxiety at pretreatment and received weekly CBT that targeted their principal anxiety diagnosis at one of two specialty clinics (N=69 completers, Mage=10.86). Results indicated that parent-reported SRPs improved from pre- to post-treatment and that treatment responders with regard to anxiety yielded greater SRP improvements than nonresponders. Parent report of bedtime resistance and sleep anxiety showed significant improvements. Youth reported lower rates of SRPs compared to their parents and did not demonstrate pre- to post-treatment changes in SRPs. Pre-sleep arousal and family accommodation decreased over treatment but did not predict lower SRPs at posttreatment. Higher accommodation was correlated with greater SRPs. Sleep hygiene evidenced no change and did not mediate links between accommodation and posttreatment SRPs.
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Nascimento-Ferreira MV, Collese TS, de Moraes ACF, Rendo-Urteaga T, Moreno LA, Carvalho HB. Validity and reliability of sleep time questionnaires in children and adolescents: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Sleep Med Rev 2015; 30:85-96. [PMID: 26921735 DOI: 10.1016/j.smrv.2015.11.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 70] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2015] [Revised: 10/26/2015] [Accepted: 11/24/2015] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Abstract
Sleep duration has been associated with several health outcomes in children and adolescents. As an extensive number of questionnaires are currently used to investigate sleep schedule or sleep time, we performed a systematic review of criterion validation of sleep time questionnaires for children and adolescents, considering accelerometers as the reference method. We found a strong correlation between questionnaires and accelerometers for weeknights and a moderate correlation for weekend nights. When considering only studies performing a reliability assessment of the used questionnaires, a significant increase in the correlations for both weeknights and weekend nights was observed. In conclusion, moderate to strong criterion validity of sleep time questionnaires was observed; however, the reliability assessment of the questionnaires showed strong validation performance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marcus V Nascimento-Ferreira
- Youth/Child and Cardiovascular Risk and Environmental (YCARE) Research Group, School of Medicine, University of Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo, Brazil; Department of Preventive Medicine, School of Medicine of the University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil.
| | - Tatiana S Collese
- Youth/Child and Cardiovascular Risk and Environmental (YCARE) Research Group, School of Medicine, University of Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo, Brazil; Growth, Exercise, Nutrition and Development (GENUD) Research Group, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Zaragoza, Zaragoza, Spain; Department of Preventive Medicine, School of Medicine of the University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Augusto César F de Moraes
- Youth/Child and Cardiovascular Risk and Environmental (YCARE) Research Group, School of Medicine, University of Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo, Brazil; Growth, Exercise, Nutrition and Development (GENUD) Research Group, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Zaragoza, Zaragoza, Spain; Department of Preventive Medicine, School of Medicine of the University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Tara Rendo-Urteaga
- Youth/Child and Cardiovascular Risk and Environmental (YCARE) Research Group, School of Medicine, University of Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo, Brazil; Growth, Exercise, Nutrition and Development (GENUD) Research Group, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Zaragoza, Zaragoza, Spain; Department of Preventive Medicine, School of Medicine of the University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Luis A Moreno
- Growth, Exercise, Nutrition and Development (GENUD) Research Group, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Zaragoza, Zaragoza, Spain; Department of Preventive Medicine, School of Medicine of the University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil; School of Health Sciences of the University of Zaragoza, Zaragoza, Spain
| | - Heráclito B Carvalho
- Youth/Child and Cardiovascular Risk and Environmental (YCARE) Research Group, School of Medicine, University of Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo, Brazil; Department of Preventive Medicine, School of Medicine of the University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
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Liu J, Liu X, Pak V, Wang Y, Yan C, Pinto-Martin J, Dinges D. Early Blood Lead Levels and Sleep Disturbance in Preadolescence. Sleep 2015; 38:1869-74. [PMID: 26194570 PMCID: PMC4667382 DOI: 10.5665/sleep.5230] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2015] [Accepted: 06/11/2015] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
STUDY OBJECTIVES Little is known about the effect of lead exposure on children's sleep. This study examined the association between blood lead levels (BLL) and sleep problems in a longitudinal study of children. SETTING Four community-based elementary schools in Jintan City, China. PARTICIPANTS 1,419 Chinese children. MEASUREMENT AND RESULTS BLL were measured when children were aged 3-5 y, and sleep was assessed at ages 9-13 y. Sleep was assessed by both parents' report, using the Children's Sleep Habits Questionnaire (CSHQ), and children's report, using an adolescent sleep questionnaire. A total of 665 children with complete data on BLL and sleep at both ages were included in the current study. Mean age of the sample at BLL assessment was 4.74 y (standard deviation [SD] = 0.89) and at sleep assessment was 11.05 y (SD = 0.88). Mean BLL was 6.26 μg/dL (SD = 2.54). There were significant positive correlations between BLL and 3 CSHQ subscales: Sleep onset delay (r = 0.113, P < 0.01), sleep duration (r = 0.139, P < 0.001), and night waking (r = 0.089, P < 0.05). Excessive daytime sleepiness (EDS) (26.1% versus 9.0%, P < 0.001) and use of sleeping pills (6.5% versus 1.8%, P = 0.03) were more prevalent in children BLL ≥ 10.0 μg/dL than in those children BLL < 10.0 μg/dL. After adjusting for demographics, BLL ≥ 10.0 μg/dL was significantly associated with increased risk for insomnia symptoms (odds ratio [OR] = 2.01, 95% confidence interval [CI] = 1.03-3.95) and EDS (OR = 2.90, 95% CI = 1.27-6.61). CONCLUSION The findings indicate that elevated blood lead levels in early childhood are associated with increased risk for sleep problems and excessive daytime sleepiness in later childhood.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jianghong Liu
- School of Nursing, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA
| | - Xianchen Liu
- Shandong University School of Public Health, Jinan, China
| | - Victoria Pak
- School of Nursing, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA
| | - Yingjie Wang
- School of Nursing, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA
| | - Chonghuai Yan
- Xinhua Hospital, MOE-Shanghai Key Laboratory of Children's Environmental Health, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, China
| | | | - David Dinges
- Division of Sleep and Chronobiology, Department of Psychiatry, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA
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Wilson KE, Lumeng JC, Kaciroti N, Chen SYP, LeBourgeois MK, Chervin RD, Miller AL. Sleep Hygiene Practices and Bedtime Resistance in Low-Income Preschoolers: Does Temperament Matter? Behav Sleep Med 2015; 13:412-23. [PMID: 25221914 PMCID: PMC4362749 DOI: 10.1080/15402002.2014.940104] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Abstract
This study examined sleep hygiene practices and bedtime resistance and tested whether associations differed by child temperament. Parents of Head Start preschoolers (n = 374, 56% non-Hispanic white) completed the Going to Bed subscale of the Children's Sleep-Wake Scale (GTB; higher score reflects less bedtime resistance), Children's Sleep Hygiene Scale (CSHS; higher score reflects better sleep hygiene), and Child Behavior Questionnaire (Anger, Activity, Impulsivity subscales indicated difficult temperament). Monte Carlo simulation adjusted for demographic covariates tested associations of CSHS with GTB in children with more- vs. less-difficult temperaments. Children with more- vs. less-difficult temperaments experienced worse sleep hygiene (p < .0001) and had more bedtime resistance (p < .0001). Among children with more difficult temperaments, better sleep hygiene was linearly associated with less bedtime resistance (β = 1.28, 95% CI 0.77, 1.78). Among children with less difficult temperaments, the association followed a piecewise linear trend: sleep hygiene was not associated with bedtime resistance when CSHS scores were < 4.1 (β = 0.15, 95% CI -4.87, 3.13), but for CSHS scores ≥ 4.1, an increase in CSHS was associated with lower bedtime resistance (β = 1.33, 95% CI 1.00, 1.79). Consistent sleep hygiene is associated with less bedtime resistance and may be helpful in reducing bedtime resistance among children with more difficult temperaments.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Julie C. Lumeng
- Center for Human Growth and Development, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI,Department of Pediatrics and Communicable Diseases, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI
| | - Niko Kaciroti
- Center for Human Growth and Development, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI,Department of Biostatistics, School of Public Health; University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI
| | - Sophie Yu-Pu Chen
- Department of Biostatistics, School of Public Health; University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI
| | | | | | - Alison L. Miller
- Center for Human Growth and Development, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI,Department of Health Education and Health Behavior, School of Public Health
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Brimeyer C, Adams L, Zhu L, Srivastava DK, Wise M, Hudson MM, Crabtree VM. Sleep complaints in survivors of pediatric brain tumors. Support Care Cancer 2015; 24:23-31. [PMID: 25895632 DOI: 10.1007/s00520-015-2713-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2014] [Accepted: 03/23/2015] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE Pediatric brain tumor survivors have increased risk of sleep problems, particularly excessive daytime sleepiness (EDS). Few studies have examined sleep disturbances in this population. METHODS 153 children and adolescents ages 8-18 and their parents completed questionnaires (Modified Epworth Sleepiness Scale, Kosair Children's Hospital Sleep Questionnaire, Children's Report of Sleep Patterns, Children's Sleep Hygiene Scale) during clinic visits. Participants were at least 5 years from diagnosis and 2 years post-treatment. Group differences in age at diagnosis, body mass index, type of treatment received, and tumor location were examined. RESULTS One-third of adolescents and one-fifth of children reported EDS. Children and parents had fair concordance (kappa coefficient = .64) in their report of EDS, while adolescents and parents had poor concordance (kappa coefficient = .37). Per parents, most children slept 8 to 9 h per night. Poor bedtime routines were reported for children, while adolescents endorsed poor sleep stability. Extended weekend sleep was reported across age groups. A BMI in the obese range was related to higher parent-reported EDS in children. Sleep-disordered breathing was associated with elevated BMI in adolescents. CONCLUSIONS While survivors reported achieving recommended amounts of sleep each night, 20 to 30% reported EDS. Poor concordance among parent and adolescent report highlights the importance of obtaining self-report when assessing sleep concerns. Obesity is a modifiable factor in reducing symptoms of EDS in this population. Finally, the lack of association between EDS and brain tumor location, BMI, or treatment received was unexpected and warrants further investigation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chasity Brimeyer
- Department of Psychology, St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, 262 Danny Thomas Place, Mail Stop 101, Memphis, TN, USA
- Jane B. Pettit Pain Management and Headache Center, Children's Hospital of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI, USA
| | - Leah Adams
- Department of Psychology, St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, 262 Danny Thomas Place, Mail Stop 101, Memphis, TN, USA
- Aflac Cancer and Blood Disorders Center, Children's Healthcare of Atlanta, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Liang Zhu
- Department of Biostatistics, St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, TN, USA
| | - Deo Kumar Srivastava
- Department of Biostatistics, St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, TN, USA
| | - Merrill Wise
- Methodist Healthcare Sleep Disorders Center, Memphis, TN, USA
| | - Melissa M Hudson
- Departments of Oncology and Epidemiology and Cancer Control, St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, TN, 38105, USA
| | - Valerie McLaughlin Crabtree
- Department of Psychology, St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, 262 Danny Thomas Place, Mail Stop 101, Memphis, TN, USA.
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Peach H, Gaultney JF, Reeve CL. Sleep characteristics, body mass index, and risk for hypertension in young adolescents. J Youth Adolesc 2015; 44:271-84. [PMID: 25001215 DOI: 10.1007/s10964-014-0149-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2014] [Accepted: 06/25/2014] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Inadequate sleep has been identified as a risk factor for a variety of health consequences. For example, short sleep durations and daytime sleepiness, an indicator of insufficient sleep and/or poor sleep quality, have been identified as risk factors for hypertension in the adult population. However, less evidence exists regarding whether these relationships hold within child and early adolescent samples and what factors mediate the relationship between sleep and risk for hypertension. Using data from the Study of Early Child Care and Youth Development, the present study examined body mass index (BMI) as a possible mediator for the effects of school-night sleep duration, weekend night sleep duration, and daytime sleepiness on risk for hypertension in a sample of sixth graders. The results demonstrated gender-specific patterns. Among boys, all three sleep characteristics predicted BMI and yielded significant indirect effects on risk for hypertension. Oppositely, only daytime sleepiness predicted BMI among girls and yielded a significant indirect effect on risk for hypertension. The findings provide clarification for the influence of sleep on the risk for hypertension during early adolescence and suggest a potential need for gender-specific designs in future research and application endeavors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hannah Peach
- Health Psychology Program, University of North Carolina at Charlotte, 9201 University City Blvd, Charlotte, NC, 28223-0001, USA,
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Becker SP. External validity of children's self-reported sleep functioning: associations with academic, social, and behavioral adjustment. Sleep Med 2014; 15:1094-100. [DOI: 10.1016/j.sleep.2014.06.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2014] [Revised: 05/30/2014] [Accepted: 06/02/2014] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
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Changes in sleep and fatigue in newly treated pediatric oncology patients. Support Care Cancer 2014; 23:393-401. [PMID: 25112560 DOI: 10.1007/s00520-014-2356-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/19/2013] [Accepted: 07/21/2014] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Fatigue has been reported as one of the most distressing symptoms in oncology patients, yet few have investigated the longitudinal course of sleep and fatigue in newly diagnosed pediatric oncology patients. PROCEDURE To longitudinally assess presence and changes of sleep complaints and fatigue, we administered questionnaires designed to measure sleep complaints, sleep habits, daytime sleepiness, and fatigue to parents of pediatric oncology patients ages 2-18 and to pediatric oncology patients, themselves, ages 8-18 within 30 days of diagnosis (n = 170) and again 8 weeks later (n = 153). RESULTS Bedtimes, wake times, and sleep duration remained relatively stable across the first 8 weeks of treatment. Sleep duration and fatigue were not related for the entire sample, though children's self-reported sleep duration was positively correlated with fatigue only at the baseline time point. Parent reports of fatigue significantly decreased for leukemia patients but remained rather high for solid tumor and brain tumor patients. CONCLUSIONS Because fatigue remained high for solid tumor and brain tumor patients across the initial 8 weeks of treatment, this may highlight the need for intervention in this patient population.
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Meltzer LJ, Ullrich M, Szefler SJ. Sleep duration, sleep hygiene, and insomnia in adolescents with asthma. THE JOURNAL OF ALLERGY AND CLINICAL IMMUNOLOGY-IN PRACTICE 2014; 2:562-9. [PMID: 25213049 DOI: 10.1016/j.jaip.2014.02.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/06/2013] [Revised: 02/06/2014] [Accepted: 02/12/2014] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND There is a need to understand more about modifiable health behaviors that may be related to asthma control. Sleep is one such health behavior that has received little attention in pediatric asthma research. OBJECTIVE To examine sleep duration, sleep hygiene, and insomnia in adolescents with and without asthma. METHODS Adolescents (n = 298; 51% boys; age range, 12-17 years; 48% with asthma) from the general community completed an online survey that included the International Study of Asthma and Allergies in Childhood questionnaire, the Children's Report of Sleep Patterns, and the Insomnia Severity Index. RESULTS Sleep duration did not differ between the asthma severity groups, yet more adolescents with severe asthma reported insufficient weekday sleep (44%) versus adolescents without asthma (31%). Significant asthma group differences were found for sleep hygiene, with adolescents with severe asthma reporting poorer sleep hygiene. Almost twice as many adolescents with severe asthma reported clinically significant insomnia than adolescents with mild or no asthma. Sleep hygiene variables were correlated with insomnia, although these associations did not differ between adolescents with and without severe asthma. Finally, both insomnia severity and asthma severity were significant predictors of daytime sleepiness; however, asthma severity accounted for only 2% of the variance compared with 28% of the variance accounted for by insomnia severity. CONCLUSIONS Many adolescents with severe asthma regularly obtain insufficient sleep, have poor sleep hygiene, and experience clinically significant insomnia. It is important to ask adolescents with asthma about sleep duration, sleep hygiene, and insomnia because there are effective interventions that can improve sleep for these youths.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lisa J Meltzer
- Department of Pediatrics, National Jewish Health, Denver, Colo.
| | - Maureen Ullrich
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora, Colo
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Meltzer LJ, Avis KT, Biggs S, Reynolds AC, Crabtree VM, Bevans KB. The Children's Report of Sleep Patterns (CRSP): a self-report measure of sleep for school-aged children. J Clin Sleep Med 2013; 9:235-45. [PMID: 23493949 DOI: 10.5664/jcsm.2486] [Citation(s) in RCA: 80] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Abstract
STUDY OBJECTIVES (1) Present preliminary psychometrics for the Children's Report of Sleep Patterns (CRSP), a three-module measure of Sleep Patterns, Sleep Hygiene, and Sleep Disturbance; and (2) explore whether the CRSP provides information about a child's sleep above and beyond parental report. METHODS A multi-method, multi-reporter approach was used to validate the CRSP with 456 children aged 8-12 years (inclusive). Participants were recruited from pediatricians' offices, sleep clinics/laboratories, children's hospitals, schools, and the general population. Participants completed measures of sleep habits, sleep hygiene, anxiety, and sleepiness, with actigraphy and polysomnography used to provide objective measures of child sleep. RESULTS The CRSP demonstrated good reliability and validity. Differences in sleep hygiene and sleep disturbances were found for children presenting to a sleep clinic/laboratory (vs. community population); for younger children (vs. older children); and for children who slept less than 8 hours or had a sleep onset later than 22:00 on actigraphy. Further, significant associations were found between the CRSP and child-reported anxiety or sleepiness. Notably, approximately 40% of parents were not aware of child reported difficulties with sleep onset latency, night wakings, or poor sleep quality. CONCLUSIONS The three modules of the CRSP can be used together or independently, providing a reliable and valid self-report measure of sleep patterns, sleep hygiene, and sleep disturbances for children ages 8-12 years. Children not only provide valid information about their sleep, but may provide information that would not be otherwise captured in both clinical and research settings if relying solely on parental report.
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