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Sakaue T, Koyama T, Nakamura Y, Okamoto K, Kawashima T, Umeno T, Nakayama Y, Miyamoto S, Shikata F, Hamaguchi M, Aono J, Kurata M, Namiguchi K, Uchita S, Masumoto J, Yamaguchi O, Higashiyama S, Izutani H. Bioprosthetic Valve Deterioration: Accumulation of Circulating Proteins and Macrophages in the Valve Interstitium. JACC Basic Transl Sci 2023; 8:862-880. [PMID: 37547071 PMCID: PMC10401294 DOI: 10.1016/j.jacbts.2023.01.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2022] [Revised: 01/03/2023] [Accepted: 01/03/2023] [Indexed: 08/08/2023]
Abstract
Histologic evaluations revealed excessive accumulations of macrophages and absence of fibroblastic interstitial cells in explanted bioprosthetic valves. Comprehensive gene and protein expression analysis and histology unveiled an accumulation of fibrinogen and plasminogen, an activator of infiltrated macrophages, from degenerated valve surfaces in the interstitial spaces. These pathologies were completely reproduced in a goat model replaced with an autologous pericardium-derived aortic valve. Further preclinical animal experiments using goats demonstrated that preventing infiltration of macrophages and circulating proteins by increasing collagen density and leaflet strength is an effective treatment option.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tomohisa Sakaue
- Department of Cardiovascular and Thoracic Surgery, Ehime University Graduate School of Medicine, Toon, Japan
- Department of Cell Growth and Tumor Regulation, Proteo-Science Center, Toon, Japan
| | - Tadaaki Koyama
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Kobe City Medical Center General Hospital, Kobe, Japan
| | - Yoshitsugu Nakamura
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Chiba-Nishi General Hospital, Matsudo, Japan
| | - Keitaro Okamoto
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Oita University, Yufu, Japan
| | | | - Tadashi Umeno
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Oita University, Yufu, Japan
| | - Yasuhide Nakayama
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Oita University, Yufu, Japan
- Biotube, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Shinji Miyamoto
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Oita University, Yufu, Japan
| | - Fumiaki Shikata
- Department of Cardiovascular and Thoracic Surgery, Ehime University Graduate School of Medicine, Toon, Japan
| | - Mika Hamaguchi
- Department of Cardiology, Pulmonology, Hypertension, and Nephrology, Ehime University Graduate School of Medicine, Toon, Japan
| | - Jun Aono
- Department of Cardiology, Pulmonology, Hypertension, and Nephrology, Ehime University Graduate School of Medicine, Toon, Japan
| | - Mie Kurata
- Department of Pathology, Division of Analytical Pathology, Ehime University Graduate School of Medicine, Toom, Japan
- Department of Pathology, Proteo-Science Center, Toon, Japan
| | - Kenji Namiguchi
- Department of Cardiovascular and Thoracic Surgery, Ehime University Graduate School of Medicine, Toon, Japan
| | - Shunji Uchita
- Department of Cardiovascular and Thoracic Surgery, Ehime University Graduate School of Medicine, Toon, Japan
| | - Junya Masumoto
- Department of Pathology, Division of Analytical Pathology, Ehime University Graduate School of Medicine, Toom, Japan
- Department of Pathology, Proteo-Science Center, Toon, Japan
| | - Osamu Yamaguchi
- Department of Cardiology, Pulmonology, Hypertension, and Nephrology, Ehime University Graduate School of Medicine, Toon, Japan
| | - Shigeki Higashiyama
- Department of Cell Growth and Tumor Regulation, Proteo-Science Center, Toon, Japan
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Genetics, Ehime University Graduate School of Medicine, Toon, Japan
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Research Center, Osaka International Cancer Institute, Osaka, Japan
| | - Hironori Izutani
- Department of Cardiovascular and Thoracic Surgery, Ehime University Graduate School of Medicine, Toon, Japan
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2
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Langston JC, Rossi MT, Yang Q, Ohley W, Perez E, Kilpatrick LE, Prabhakarpandian B, Kiani MF. Omics of endothelial cell dysfunction in sepsis. VASCULAR BIOLOGY (BRISTOL, ENGLAND) 2022; 4:R15-R34. [PMID: 35515704 PMCID: PMC9066943 DOI: 10.1530/vb-22-0003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2022] [Accepted: 04/07/2022] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
During sepsis, defined as life-threatening organ dysfunction due to dysregulated host response to infection, systemic inflammation activates endothelial cells and initiates a multifaceted cascade of pro-inflammatory signaling events, resulting in increased permeability and excessive recruitment of leukocytes. Vascular endothelial cells share many common properties but have organ-specific phenotypes with unique structure and function. Thus, therapies directed against endothelial cell phenotypes are needed to address organ-specific endothelial cell dysfunction. Omics allow for the study of expressed genes, proteins and/or metabolites in biological systems and provide insight on temporal and spatial evolution of signals during normal and diseased conditions. Proteomics quantifies protein expression, identifies protein-protein interactions and can reveal mechanistic changes in endothelial cells that would not be possible to study via reductionist methods alone. In this review, we provide an overview of how sepsis pathophysiology impacts omics with a focus on proteomic analysis of mouse endothelial cells during sepsis/inflammation and its relationship with the more clinically relevant omics of human endothelial cells. We discuss how omics has been used to define septic endotype signatures in different populations with a focus on proteomic analysis in organ-specific microvascular endothelial cells during sepsis or septic-like inflammation. We believe that studies defining septic endotypes based on proteomic expression in endothelial cell phenotypes are urgently needed to complement omic profiling of whole blood and better define sepsis subphenotypes. Lastly, we provide a discussion of how in silico modeling can be used to leverage the large volume of omics data to map response pathways in sepsis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jordan C Langston
- Department of Bioengineering, Temple University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
| | | | - Qingliang Yang
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Temple University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - William Ohley
- Lewis Katz School of Medicine, Temple University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Edwin Perez
- Lewis Katz School of Medicine, Temple University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Laurie E Kilpatrick
- Center for Inflammation and Lung Research, Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Inflammation, Lewis Katz School of Medicine, Temple University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Balabhaskar Prabhakarpandian
- Center for Inflammation and Lung Research, Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Inflammation, Lewis Katz School of Medicine, Temple University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Mohammad F Kiani
- Department of Bioengineering, Temple University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Temple University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
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3
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Hypoxic Culture Maintains Cell Growth of the Primary Human Valve Interstitial Cells with Stemness. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms221910534. [PMID: 34638873 PMCID: PMC8508607 DOI: 10.3390/ijms221910534] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2021] [Revised: 09/17/2021] [Accepted: 09/26/2021] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
The characterization of aortic valve interstitial cells (VICs) cultured under optimal conditions is essential for understanding the molecular mechanisms underlying aortic valve stenosis. Here, we propose 2% hypoxia as an optimum VIC culture condition. Leaflets harvested from patients with aortic valve regurgitation were digested using collagenase and VICs were cultured under the 2% hypoxic condition. A significant increase in VIC growth was observed in 2% hypoxia (hypo-VICs), compared to normoxia (normo-VICs). RNA-sequencing revealed that downregulation of oxidative stress-marker genes (such as superoxide dismutase) and upregulation of cell cycle accelerators (such as cyclins) occurred in hypo-VICs. Accumulation of reactive oxygen species was observed in normo-VICs, indicating that low oxygen tension can avoid oxidative stress with cell-cycle arrest. Further mRNA quantifications revealed significant upregulation of several mesenchymal and hematopoietic progenitor markers, including CD34, in hypo-VICs. The stemness of hypo-VICs was confirmed using osteoblast differentiation assays, indicating that hypoxic culture is beneficial for maintaining growth and stemness, as well as for avoiding senescence via oxidative stress. The availability of hypoxic culture was also demonstrated in the molecular screening using proteomics. Therefore, hypoxic culture can be helpful for the identification of therapeutic targets and the evaluation of VIC molecular functions in vitro.
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Proteomic Analysis Revealed the Characteristics of Key Proteins Involved in the Regulation of Inflammatory Response, Leukocyte Transendothelial Migration, Phagocytosis, and Immune Process during Early Lung Blast Injury. OXIDATIVE MEDICINE AND CELLULAR LONGEVITY 2021; 2021:8899274. [PMID: 34007409 PMCID: PMC8099533 DOI: 10.1155/2021/8899274] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/09/2020] [Revised: 03/29/2021] [Accepted: 04/08/2021] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Previous studies found that blast injury caused a significant increased expression of interleukin-1, IL-6, and tumor necrosis factor, a significant decrease in the expression of IL-10, an increase in Evans blue leakage, and a significant increase in inflammatory cell infiltration in the lungs. However, the molecular characteristics of lung injury at different time points after blast exposure have not yet been reported. Therefore, in this study, tandem mass spectrometry (TMT) quantitative proteomics and bioinformatics analysis were used for the first time to gain a deeper understanding of the molecular mechanism of lung blast injury at different time points. Forty-eight male C57BL/6 mice were randomly divided into six groups: control, 12 h, 24 h, 48 h, 72 h, and 1 w after low-intensity blast exposure. TMT quantitative proteomics and bioinformatics analysis were performed to analyze protein expression profiling in the lungs from control and blast-exposed mice, and differential protein expression was verified by Western blotting. The results demonstrated that blast exposure induced severe lung injury, leukocyte infiltration, and the production of inflammatory factors in mice. After analyzing the expression changes in global proteins and inflammation-related proteomes after blast exposure, the results showed that a total of 6861 global proteins and 608 differentially expressed proteins were identified, of which 215, 128, 187, 232, and 65 proteins were identified at 12 h, 24 h, 48 h, 72 h, and 1 week after blast exposure, respectively. Moreover, blast exposure-induced 177 differentially expressed proteins were associated with inflammatory responses, which were enriched in the inflammatory response regulation, leukocyte transendothelial migration, phagocytosis, and immune response. Therefore, blast exposure may induce early inflammatory response of lung tissue by regulating the expression of key proteins in the inflammatory process, suggesting that early inflammatory response may be the initiating factor of lung blast injury. These data can provide potential therapeutic candidates or approaches for the development of future treatment of lung blast injury.
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Wen XP, Zhang YZ, Wan QQ. Non-targeted proteomics of acute respiratory distress syndrome: clinical and research applications. Proteome Sci 2021; 19:5. [PMID: 33743690 PMCID: PMC7980750 DOI: 10.1186/s12953-021-00174-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2021] [Accepted: 03/11/2021] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) is characterized by refractory hypoxemia caused by accumulation of pulmonary fluid with a high mortality rate, but the underlying mechanism is not yet fully understood, causing absent specific therapeutic drugs to treat with ARDS. In recent years, more and more studies have applied proteomics to ARDS. Non-targeted studies of proteomics in ARDS are just beginning and have the potential to identify novel drug targets and key pathways in this disease. This paper will provide a brief review of the recent advances in the application of non-targeted proteomics to ARDS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xu-Peng Wen
- Transplantation Center, the Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410013, Hunan, China
| | - Yue-Zhong Zhang
- Clinical Medicine, Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, Changsha, 410083, Hunan, China
| | - Qi-Quan Wan
- Transplantation Center, the Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410013, Hunan, China.
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6
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Wang L, Tang R, Zhang Y, Liu Z, Chen S, Song K, Guo Y, Zhang L, Wang X, Wang X, Liu H, Zhang X, Liu BC. A Rat Model with Multivalve Calcification Induced by Subtotal Nephrectomy and High-Phosphorus Diet. KIDNEY DISEASES 2020; 6:346-354. [PMID: 33490114 DOI: 10.1159/000506013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2019] [Accepted: 01/18/2020] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
Background Chronic kidney disease (CKD) with known valve calcification (VC) places individuals at high risk of cardiovascular disease. The study of VC in CKD is challenging due to the lack of a suitable research model. Here, we established a rat model of multivalve calcification induced by subtotal nephrectomy and a high-phosphate (HP) diet and analyzed the valve characteristics. Methods We established a CKD model in Sprague-Dawley rats by performing 5/6 nephrectomy (5/6Nx) followed by feeding with chow containing different phosphate concentrations for 8, 12, or 16 weeks. The rats were divided into 4 groups: sham+normal phosphate (NP, 0.9% P), sham+high phosphate (HP, 2.0% P), 5/6Nx+NP, and 5/6Nx+HP. Serum creatinine (Scr), blood urea nitrogen (BUN), parathyroid hormone (PTH), calcium, phosphorus, and 24-h urine protein levels were investigated. Pathological examinations included histological characterization, safranin staining, Alcian blue staining, and von Kossa staining at different time points. Using nanoanalytical electron microscopy, we examined valves from rats in the 5/6Nx+HP and sham+HP groups and detected spherical particles using energy-dispersive spectroscopy (EDS) to observe microscopic changes in the valves. In addition, the calcified tissues were analyzed for phase and crystallization properties using an X-ray powder diffractometer. Results The rats in the 5/6Nx+HP and 5/6Nx+NP groups presented with increased levels of Scr, BUN, and 24-h urine protein compared with those of the rats in the sham+HP and sham+NP groups. High levels of PTH were observed, and hematoxylin and eosin staining and immunohistochemistry for proliferating cell nuclear antigen showed parathyroid hyperplasia in rats in the 5/6Nx+HP group but not in the 5/6Nx+NP group. In rats in the 5/6Nx+HP group, extracellular matrix glycosylation was observed in the aortic valve in the 12th week and the mitral valve in the 16th week. In the 16th week, chondrocytes appeared in the aortic valve, as confirmed by immunofluorescence and Western blotting. Calcified particles mainly composed of phosphorus and calcium were observed in both the aortic and mitral valves by transmission electron microscopy and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). The main mineral component of the calcified aortic valve particles was hydroxyapatite [Ca5(PO4)3(OH)], as shown by X-ray diffraction. However, there were no obvious differences in heart function between rats in the 5/6Nx+HP and sham+HP groups. Conclusions Our findings demonstrate that multivalve calcification is involved in CKD following 16-week HP and that hydroxyapatite [Ca5(PO4)3(OH)] is the main component of the calcified aortic valve particles of rats in the 5/6Nx+HP group.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liting Wang
- Institute of Nephrology, Zhong Da Hospital, School of Medicine, Southeast University, Nanjing, China.,Institute of Nephrology, NanJing LiShui People's Hospital, Zhongda Hospital Lishui Branch, School of Medicine, Southeast University, Nanjing, China
| | - Rining Tang
- Institute of Nephrology, Zhong Da Hospital, School of Medicine, Southeast University, Nanjing, China.,Institute of Nephrology, NanJing LiShui People's Hospital, Zhongda Hospital Lishui Branch, School of Medicine, Southeast University, Nanjing, China
| | - Yuxia Zhang
- Institute of Nephrology, Zhong Da Hospital, School of Medicine, Southeast University, Nanjing, China.,Institute of Nephrology, NanJing LiShui People's Hospital, Zhongda Hospital Lishui Branch, School of Medicine, Southeast University, Nanjing, China
| | - Zixiao Liu
- State Key Laboratory for Modification of Chemical Fibers and Polymer Materials, International Joint Laboratory for Advanced Fiber and Low-Dimension Materials, College of Materials Science and Engineering, Donghua University, Shanghai, China
| | - Sijie Chen
- Institute of Nephrology, Zhong Da Hospital, School of Medicine, Southeast University, Nanjing, China.,Institute of Nephrology, NanJing LiShui People's Hospital, Zhongda Hospital Lishui Branch, School of Medicine, Southeast University, Nanjing, China
| | - Kaiyun Song
- Institute of Nephrology, Zhong Da Hospital, School of Medicine, Southeast University, Nanjing, China.,Institute of Nephrology, NanJing LiShui People's Hospital, Zhongda Hospital Lishui Branch, School of Medicine, Southeast University, Nanjing, China
| | - Yu Guo
- Institute of Nephrology, Zhong Da Hospital, School of Medicine, Southeast University, Nanjing, China.,Institute of Nephrology, NanJing LiShui People's Hospital, Zhongda Hospital Lishui Branch, School of Medicine, Southeast University, Nanjing, China
| | - Li Zhang
- Institute of Nephrology, Zhong Da Hospital, School of Medicine, Southeast University, Nanjing, China
| | - Xiaochen Wang
- Institute of Nephrology, Zhong Da Hospital, School of Medicine, Southeast University, Nanjing, China
| | - Xiaobin Wang
- Experimental Animal Centers School of Medicine, Southeast University, Nanjing, China
| | - Hong Liu
- Institute of Nephrology, Zhong Da Hospital, School of Medicine, Southeast University, Nanjing, China
| | - Xiaoliang Zhang
- Institute of Nephrology, Zhong Da Hospital, School of Medicine, Southeast University, Nanjing, China
| | - Bi-Cheng Liu
- Institute of Nephrology, Zhong Da Hospital, School of Medicine, Southeast University, Nanjing, China
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Toya T, Ito K, Kagami K, Osaki A, Sato A, Kimura T, Horii S, Yasuda R, Namba T, Ido Y, Nagatomo Y, Hayashi K, Masaki N, Yada H, Adachi T. Impact of oxidative posttranslational modifications of SERCA2 on heart failure exacerbation in young patients with non-ischemic cardiomyopathy: A pilot study. IJC HEART & VASCULATURE 2020; 26:100437. [PMID: 31763443 PMCID: PMC6864308 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijcha.2019.100437] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/20/2019] [Revised: 10/30/2019] [Accepted: 11/02/2019] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Oxidative posttranslational modifications (OPTM) impair the function of Sarcoplasmic/endoplasmic reticulum (SR) calcium (Ca2+) ATPase (SERCA) 2 and trigger cytosolic Ca2+ dysregulation. We investigated the extent of OPTM of SERCA2 in patients with non-ischemic cardiomyopathy (NICM). METHODS AND RESULTS Endomyocardial biopsy (EMB) was obtained in 40 consecutive patients with NICM. Total expression and OPTM of SERCA2, including sulfonylation at cysteine-674 (S-SERCA2) and nitration at tyrosine-294/295 (N-SERCA2), were examined by immunohistochemical analysis. S-SERCA2 increased in the presence of late gadolinium enhancement on cardiac magnetic resonance imaging. S-SERCA2/SERCA2 and N-SERCA2/SERCA2 correlated with cardiac fibrosis evaluated by Masson's trichrome staining of EMB. SERCA2 expression modestly increased in parallel with an upward trend in OPTM of SERCA2 with aging. This tendency became prominent only in patients aged >65 years. OPTM of SERCA2 positively correlated with brain natriuretic peptide (BNP) values only in patients aged ≤65 years. Composite major adverse cardiac events (MACE) increased more in the high OPTM group of younger patients; however, MACE-free survival was similar irrespective of the extent of OPTM in older patients. CONCLUSIONS OPTM of SERCA2 correlate with myocardial fibrosis in NICM. In younger patients, OPTM of SERCA2 correlate with elevated BNP and increased composite MACE.
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Affiliation(s)
- Takumi Toya
- Department of Cardiology, National Defense Medical College, Tokorozawa, Saitama, Japan1
| | - Kei Ito
- Department of Cardiology, National Defense Medical College, Tokorozawa, Saitama, Japan1
| | - Kazuki Kagami
- Department of Cardiology, National Defense Medical College, Tokorozawa, Saitama, Japan1
| | - Ayumu Osaki
- Department of Cardiology, National Defense Medical College, Tokorozawa, Saitama, Japan1
| | - Atsushi Sato
- Department of Cardiology, National Defense Medical College, Tokorozawa, Saitama, Japan1
| | - Toyokazu Kimura
- Department of Cardiology, National Defense Medical College, Tokorozawa, Saitama, Japan1
| | - Shunpei Horii
- Department of Cardiology, National Defense Medical College, Tokorozawa, Saitama, Japan1
| | - Risako Yasuda
- Department of Cardiology, National Defense Medical College, Tokorozawa, Saitama, Japan1
| | - Takayuki Namba
- Department of Cardiology, National Defense Medical College, Tokorozawa, Saitama, Japan1
| | - Yasuo Ido
- Department of Cardiology, National Defense Medical College, Tokorozawa, Saitama, Japan1
| | - Yuji Nagatomo
- Department of Cardiology, National Defense Medical College, Tokorozawa, Saitama, Japan1
| | - Katsumi Hayashi
- Department of Radiology, National Defense Medical College, Tokorozawa, Saitama, Japan1
| | - Nobuyuki Masaki
- Department of Intensive Care Medicine, National Defense Medical College, Tokorozawa, Saitama, Japan1
| | - Hirotaka Yada
- Department of Cardiology, National Defense Medical College, Tokorozawa, Saitama, Japan1
| | - Takeshi Adachi
- Department of Cardiology, National Defense Medical College, Tokorozawa, Saitama, Japan1
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8
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Kojima A, Sakaue T, Okazaki M, Shikata F, Kurata M, Imai Y, Nakaoka H, Masumoto J, Uchita S, Izutani H. A simple mouse model of pericardial adhesions. J Cardiothorac Surg 2019; 14:124. [PMID: 31253183 PMCID: PMC6599257 DOI: 10.1186/s13019-019-0940-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2019] [Accepted: 06/17/2019] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Postoperative pericardial adhesions are considered a risk factor for redo cardiac surgery. Several large- and medium-size animal models of pericardial adhesions have been reported, but small animal models for investigating the development of anti-adhesion materials and molecular mechanisms of this condition are lacking. In this study, we aimed to establish a simple mouse model of pericardial adhesions to address this gap. Methods We administered blood, minocycline, picibanil, and talc into the murine pericardial cavity via one-shot injection. Micro-computed tomography analyses of contrast agent-injected mice were carried out for methodological evaluation. We investigated various dosages and treatment durations for molecules identified to be inducers of pericardial adhesion. The adhesive grade was quantified by scoring the strength and volume of adhesion tissues at sacrificed time points. Histological staining with hematoxylin and eosin and Masson’s trichrome, and immunostaining for F4/80 or αSMA was performed to investigate the structural features of pericardial adhesions, and pathological features of the pericardial adhesion tissue were compared with human clinical specimens. Results Administration of talc resulted in the most extensive pericardial adhesions. Micro-computed tomography imaging data confirmed that accurate injection into the pericardial cavity was achieved. We found the optimal condition for the formation of strong pericardial adhesions to be injection of 2.5 mg/g talc for 2 weeks. Furthermore, histological analysis showed that talc administration led to an invasion of myofibroblasts and macrophages in the pericardial cavity and epicardium, consistent with pathological findings in patients with left ventricular assistive devices. Conclusions We successfully established a simple mouse model of talc-induced pericardial adhesions, which mimics human pathology and could contribute to solving the clinical issues related to pericardial adhesions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ai Kojima
- Department of Cardiovascular and Thoracic Surgery, Ehime University Graduate School of Medicine, Shitsukawa, Toon, Ehime, 791-0295, Japan
| | - Tomohisa Sakaue
- Department of Cardiovascular and Thoracic Surgery, Ehime University Graduate School of Medicine, Shitsukawa, Toon, Ehime, 791-0295, Japan. .,Department of Cell Growth and Tumor Regulation, Proteo-Science Center (PROS), Shitsukawa, Toon, 791-0295, Ehime, Japan.
| | - Mikio Okazaki
- Department of Thoracic, Breast and Endocrinological Surgery, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, 2-5-1 Shikata-cho, Kita-ku, Okayama, 700-8558, Japan
| | - Fumiaki Shikata
- Department of Cardiovascular and Thoracic Surgery, Ehime University Graduate School of Medicine, Shitsukawa, Toon, Ehime, 791-0295, Japan.,Paediatric Cardiac Surgery, Queensland Children's Hospital, South Brisbane, QLD, Australia
| | - Mie Kurata
- Department of Pathology, Division of Analytical Pathology, Ehime University Graduate School of Medicine, Shitsukawa, Toon, 791-0295, Ehime, Japan.,Department of Pathology, Proteo-Science Center (PROS), Shitsukawa, Toon, 791-0295, Ehime, Japan
| | - Yuuki Imai
- Division of Integrative Pathophysiology Proteo-Science Center, Ehime University Graduate School of Medicine, Shitsukawa, Toon, 791-0295, Ehime, Japan
| | - Hirotomo Nakaoka
- Department of Cardiovascular and Thoracic Surgery, Ehime University Graduate School of Medicine, Shitsukawa, Toon, Ehime, 791-0295, Japan
| | - Junya Masumoto
- Department of Pathology, Division of Analytical Pathology, Ehime University Graduate School of Medicine, Shitsukawa, Toon, 791-0295, Ehime, Japan.,Department of Pathology, Proteo-Science Center (PROS), Shitsukawa, Toon, 791-0295, Ehime, Japan
| | - Shunji Uchita
- Department of Cardiovascular and Thoracic Surgery, Ehime University Graduate School of Medicine, Shitsukawa, Toon, Ehime, 791-0295, Japan
| | - Hironori Izutani
- Department of Cardiovascular and Thoracic Surgery, Ehime University Graduate School of Medicine, Shitsukawa, Toon, Ehime, 791-0295, Japan
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9
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Sakaue T, Nakaoka H, Shikata F, Aono J, Kurata M, Uetani T, Hamaguchi M, Kojima A, Uchita S, Yasugi T, Higashi H, Suzuki J, Ikeda S, Higaki J, Higashiyama S, Izutani H. Biochemical and histological evidence of deteriorated bioprosthetic valve leaflets: the accumulation of fibrinogen and plasminogen. Biol Open 2018; 7:bio.034009. [PMID: 30089611 PMCID: PMC6124578 DOI: 10.1242/bio.034009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Calcification of bioprosthetic valves (BVs) implanted in aortic position can result in gradual deterioration and necessitate aortic valve replacement. The molecular mechanism of calcium deposition on BV leaflets has been investigated, but remains to be fully elucidated. The present study aimed to identify explanted bioprosthetic valve (eBV)-specific proteins using a proteomics approach and to unveil their biochemical and histological involvements in calcium deposition on BV leaflets. Calcification, fibrosis, and glycosylation of the valves were histologically assessed using Von Kossa, Masson's Trichrome and Alcian Blue staining, as well as immunostaining. Protein expression in the explanted biological valves was analysed using proteomics and western blotting. In a histological evaluation, αSMA-positive myofibroblasts were not observed in eBV, whereas severe fibrosis occurred around calcified areas. SDS-PAGE revealed three major bands with considerably increased intensity in BV leaflets that were identified as plasminogen and fibrinogen gamma chain (100 kDa), and fibrinogen beta chain (50 and 37 kDa) by mass analysis. Immunohistochemistry showed that fibrinogen β-chain was distributed throughout the valve tissue. On the contrary, plasminogen was strongly stained in CD68-positive macrophages, as evidenced by immunofluorescence. The results suggest that two important blood coagulation-related proteins, plasminogen and fibrinogen, might affect the progression of BV degeneration. Summary: Fibrinogen was specifically deposited on whole deteriorated tissue valve leaflets, and plasminogen-positive macrophages strongly invaded the areas around calcified bioprosthetic and native tissues.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tomohisa Sakaue
- Department of Cardiovascular and Thoracic Surgery, Ehime University Graduate School of Medicine, Ehime 791-0295, Japan .,Department of Cell Growth and Tumor Regulation, Proteo-Science Center (PROS), Toon, Ehime 791-0295, Japan
| | - Hirotomo Nakaoka
- Department of Cardiovascular and Thoracic Surgery, Ehime University Graduate School of Medicine, Ehime 791-0295, Japan.,Division of Laboratory Animal Research, Advanced Research Support Center (ADRES), Toon, Ehime 791-0295, Japan
| | - Fumiaki Shikata
- Department of Cardiovascular and Thoracic Surgery, Ehime University Graduate School of Medicine, Ehime 791-0295, Japan.,Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, St Vincent's Hospital Sydney, NSW 791-0295, Australia
| | - Jun Aono
- Department of Cardiology, Pulmonology, Hypertension, and Nephrology, Ehime University Graduate School of Medicine, Ehime 791-0295, Japan
| | - Mie Kurata
- Department of Pathology, Division of Analytical Pathology, Ehime University Graduate School of Medicine, Ehime 791-0295, Japan.,Department of Pathology, Proteo-Science Center (PROS), Toon, Ehime 791-0295, Japan
| | - Teruyoshi Uetani
- Department of Cardiology, Pulmonology, Hypertension, and Nephrology, Ehime University Graduate School of Medicine, Ehime 791-0295, Japan
| | - Mika Hamaguchi
- Department of Cardiology, Pulmonology, Hypertension, and Nephrology, Ehime University Graduate School of Medicine, Ehime 791-0295, Japan
| | - Ai Kojima
- Department of Cardiovascular and Thoracic Surgery, Ehime University Graduate School of Medicine, Ehime 791-0295, Japan
| | - Shunji Uchita
- Department of Cardiovascular and Thoracic Surgery, Ehime University Graduate School of Medicine, Ehime 791-0295, Japan
| | - Takumi Yasugi
- Department of Cardiovascular and Thoracic Surgery, Ehime University Graduate School of Medicine, Ehime 791-0295, Japan
| | - Haruhiko Higashi
- Department of Cardiology, Pulmonology, Hypertension, and Nephrology, Ehime University Graduate School of Medicine, Ehime 791-0295, Japan
| | - Jun Suzuki
- Department of Cardiology, Pulmonology, Hypertension, and Nephrology, Ehime University Graduate School of Medicine, Ehime 791-0295, Japan
| | - Shuntaro Ikeda
- Department of Cardiology, Pulmonology, Hypertension, and Nephrology, Ehime University Graduate School of Medicine, Ehime 791-0295, Japan
| | - Jitsuo Higaki
- Department of Cardiology, Pulmonology, Hypertension, and Nephrology, Ehime University Graduate School of Medicine, Ehime 791-0295, Japan
| | - Shigeki Higashiyama
- Department of Cell Growth and Tumor Regulation, Proteo-Science Center (PROS), Toon, Ehime 791-0295, Japan.,Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Genetics, Ehime University Graduate School of Medicine, Toon, Ehime 791-0295, Japan
| | - Hironori Izutani
- Department of Cardiovascular and Thoracic Surgery, Ehime University Graduate School of Medicine, Ehime 791-0295, Japan
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