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Iwasaki D, Kanazawa M, Kawamoto F, Araho D, Murakami T, Nishizaki Y, Masumoto N, Sugimoto N. A new single-reference quantitative method using liquid chromatography with relative molar sensitivity based on 1H-qNMR for khellactone esters from Peucedanum japonicum root extract. Food Chem 2023; 427:136647. [PMID: 37379748 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2023.136647] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2022] [Revised: 06/02/2023] [Accepted: 06/14/2023] [Indexed: 06/30/2023]
Abstract
Khellactone ester (KLE) quantification using the absolute calibration method is difficult owing to the unavailability of standard reagents that can guarantee purity. Herein, a new method was developed to quantify KLEs from Peucedanum japonicum root extracts using liquid chromatography (LC) without utilizing standards. This method used relative molar sensitivity (RMS) and 7-ethoxy-4-methylcoumarin as a single-reference (SR) compound instead of KLE standards. RMS is the sensitivity ratio of SR to analytes, determined using an offline combination of quantitative NMR and LC. LC was performed using a triacontylsilyl silica gel column of superficially porous particles with a ternary mobile phase. The range of the method was 2.60-509 µmol/L. The accuracy and precision were reasonable. This is the first study to apply the RMS method to both conventional LC and ultra-high-performance liquid chromatography using the same mobile phase and column. This method may aid the quality assurance of foods containing KLEs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daigo Iwasaki
- Research Center, Maruzen Pharmaceuticals, Co., Ltd., 1089-8, Sagata, Shinnichi-Cho, Fukuyama-City, Hiroshima 729-3102, Japan.
| | - Mai Kanazawa
- Research Center, Maruzen Pharmaceuticals, Co., Ltd., 1089-8, Sagata, Shinnichi-Cho, Fukuyama-City, Hiroshima 729-3102, Japan
| | - Fusako Kawamoto
- Research Center, Maruzen Pharmaceuticals, Co., Ltd., 1089-8, Sagata, Shinnichi-Cho, Fukuyama-City, Hiroshima 729-3102, Japan
| | - Daisuke Araho
- Research Center, Maruzen Pharmaceuticals, Co., Ltd., 1089-8, Sagata, Shinnichi-Cho, Fukuyama-City, Hiroshima 729-3102, Japan
| | - Toshiyuki Murakami
- Research Center, Maruzen Pharmaceuticals, Co., Ltd., 1089-8, Sagata, Shinnichi-Cho, Fukuyama-City, Hiroshima 729-3102, Japan
| | - Yuzo Nishizaki
- Division of Food Additives, National Institute of Health Sciences, 3-25-26, Tonomachi, Kawasaki-ku, Kawasaki-City, Kanagawa 210-9501, Japan
| | - Naoko Masumoto
- Division of Food Additives, National Institute of Health Sciences, 3-25-26, Tonomachi, Kawasaki-ku, Kawasaki-City, Kanagawa 210-9501, Japan
| | - Naoki Sugimoto
- Division of Food Additives, National Institute of Health Sciences, 3-25-26, Tonomachi, Kawasaki-ku, Kawasaki-City, Kanagawa 210-9501, Japan
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Yin T, Lu J, Liu Q, Zhu G, Zhang W, Jiang Z. Validated Quantitative 1H NMR Method for Simultaneous Quantification of Indole Alkaloids in Uncaria rhynchophylla. ACS OMEGA 2021; 6:31810-31817. [PMID: 34870003 PMCID: PMC8638010 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.1c04464] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2021] [Accepted: 11/02/2021] [Indexed: 05/30/2023]
Abstract
Uncariae Ramulus Cum Uncis, known as "Gou-Teng" in Chinese, is derived mainly from the dried hook-bearing stems of Uncaria rhynchophylla. Quantitative determination of monoterpenoid indole alkaloids is critical for controlling its quality. In the present study, a rapid, accurate, and precise method was developed for the simultaneous quantitation of four characteristic components, namely, rhynchophylline (1), isorhynchophylline (2), corynoxeine (3), and isocorynoxeine (4), through 1H NMR spectrometry techniques. This method was performed on a 600 MHz NMR spectrometer with optimized acquisition parameters for performing quantitative experiments within 14 min. The highly deshielded signal of NH was at δH 10-11 in the aprotic solvent DMSO-d 6, which enables satisfactory separation of the signals to be integrated. Validation of the quantitative method was also performed in terms of specificity, linearity, sensitivity, accuracy, and precision. The method is linear in the concentration range of 25-400 μg/mL. The lower limit of quantification is 25 μg/mL. The intra- and interday relative standard deviation across three validation runs over the entire concentration range is less than 2.51%. The accuracy determined at three concentrations was within ±4.4% in terms of relative error. The proposed qNMR method was demonstrated to be a powerful tool for quantifying the alkaloids in traditional Chinese medicines (TCMs) due to its unique advantages of high precision, rapid analysis, and nonrequirement of standard compounds for calibration curve preparation. Moreover, qNMR represents a feasible alternative to high-performance liquid chromatography-based methods for the quality control of TCMs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tianpeng Yin
- State
Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicines, Macau Institute
for Applied Research in Medicine and Health, Macau University of Science and Technology, Taipa 999078, Macau, China
- Faculty
of Bioengineering, Zunyi Medical University, Zhuhai Campus, Zhuhai 519041, China
| | - Jingguang Lu
- State
Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicines, Macau Institute
for Applied Research in Medicine and Health, Macau University of Science and Technology, Taipa 999078, Macau, China
| | - Qinghua Liu
- State
Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicines, Macau Institute
for Applied Research in Medicine and Health, Macau University of Science and Technology, Taipa 999078, Macau, China
| | - Guoyuan Zhu
- State
Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicines, Macau Institute
for Applied Research in Medicine and Health, Macau University of Science and Technology, Taipa 999078, Macau, China
| | - Wei Zhang
- State
Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicines, Macau Institute
for Applied Research in Medicine and Health, Macau University of Science and Technology, Taipa 999078, Macau, China
| | - Zhihong Jiang
- State
Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicines, Macau Institute
for Applied Research in Medicine and Health, Macau University of Science and Technology, Taipa 999078, Macau, China
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Masumoto N, Nishizaki Y, Nakajima K, Sugimoto N, Sato K. [Determination of Allyl Isothiocyanate in Mustard and Horseradish Extracts by Single Reference GC and HPLC Based on Relative Molar Sensitivities]. Food Hygiene and Safety Science (Shokuhin Eiseigaku Zasshi) 2021; 62:73-78. [PMID: 34219099 DOI: 10.3358/shokueishi.62.73] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
The main component of the Mustard and Horseradish extracts, which are used as natural food additives in Japan, is allyl isothiocyanate (AITC). The determination of AITC using GC-FID is the official method employed in the quality control assessments for these products. In this method, a commercially available AITC reagent is used as a calibrant. However, 1H-quantitative NMR (qNMR) analysis revealed that the AITC reagents contain impurity. Therefore, we examined the GC-FID and HPLC-refractive index detector (LC-RID) method based on relative molar sensitivities (RMSs) to high-purity single reference (SR). The RMSs of AITC/SR under the GC-FID and LC-RID conditions were accurately determined using qNMR. The AITC in two types of food additives was quantified using qNMR, SR GC-FID, and SR LC-RID methods. Both SR GC-FID and SR LC-RID showed good agreement within 2% with the AITC content determined by direct qNMR.
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Abstract
The assessment of primary calibrator purity is critical for establishing traceability to the International System of Units (SI). Recently, quantitative nuclear magnetic resonance (qNMR) has been used as a purity determination method for reference material development, and many related measurement techniques have been designed to acquire accurate and reliable results. This review introduces the recent advances in these techniques (including multidimensional methods), focusing on the application of qNMR to reference material preparation.
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Saito N, Komatsu T, Suematsu T, Miyamoto T, Ihara T. Unique Usage of a Classical Selective Homodecoupling Sequence for High-Resolution Quantitative 1H NMR. Anal Chem 2020; 92:13652-13655. [PMID: 32985865 DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.0c03154] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Classical selective homodecoupling was used in a 1H NMR purity assay to improve accuracy by overcoming spectral overlaps due to 1H-1H spin coupling. Dummy irradiation at a specific frequency was used in addition to irradiation at a 1H resonance of the analyte to avoid irradiation bias. The method was validated in a 1H NMR purity assay of high-purity diethyl phthalate (National Metrology Institute of Japan Certified Reference Material (NMIJ CRM), purity: 99.98%). The obtained purity value biases were 0.27% or less. The utility of the method was demonstrated in another 1H NMR purity assay of dipropyl phthalate (NMIJ CRM, purity: 98.41%), which contained a tiny amount of the structurally similar compound methyl propyl phthalate as an impurity. An accurate assay was achieved with the method, giving a purity of 98.39%, whereas the conventional method gave a purity 99.13%.
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Affiliation(s)
- Naoki Saito
- National Metrology Institute of Japan, National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology, 1-1-1 Umezono, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8563, Japan
| | - Takanori Komatsu
- JEOL RESONANCE Inc., 3-1-2 Musashino, Akishima, Tokyo 196-8558, Japan
| | - Takako Suematsu
- JEOL RESONANCE Inc., 3-1-2 Musashino, Akishima, Tokyo 196-8558, Japan
| | - Tetsuo Miyamoto
- JEOL RESONANCE Inc., 3-1-2 Musashino, Akishima, Tokyo 196-8558, Japan
| | - Toshihide Ihara
- National Metrology Institute of Japan, National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology, 1-1-1 Umezono, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8563, Japan
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Sun X, Zhang W, Huang T, He Y, Li H, Su P, Yang Y. Purity determination of pyributicarb by internal standard correction-high-performance liquid chromatography-quantitative nuclear magnetic resonance. Anal Bioanal Chem 2020; 412:6983-6993. [PMID: 32754793 DOI: 10.1007/s00216-020-02832-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2020] [Revised: 07/13/2020] [Accepted: 07/17/2020] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
Abstract
An internal standard correction-high-performance liquid chromatography-quantitative nuclear magnetic resonance (ISC-HPLC-qNMR) procedure was established as a reliable quantitative method for complex organic compounds with low purity in order to solve the risk of qNMR inaccuracy because of insufficient resolution of impurity peaks from the selected quantitative peak. This method collects a small quantity of target analyte from low-purity organics by LC. After drying and re-dissolving in deuterated solvent containing internal standard, the solution was analyzed by 1H NMR and HPLC. Another solution prepared by accurately weighing unpurified low-purity substance and internal standard was analyzed by HPLC. Based on the theoretical derivation derived from the Beer-Lambert law, using the ratio of the HPLC peak areas of two solutions as correction, the purity was then calculated without the same reference as target analyte. Compared to previous methods with similar selectivity and accuracy, it has advantages such as a less purified sample is required, time for lyophilization is reduced by half, and sample preparation is more controllable. The proposed method was verified by analysis of a suite of six commercially available, high-purity compounds, and the difference of results between it and direct qNMR was within 0.1%. The result of pyributicarb using ISC-HPLC-qNMR was 97.6% (U = 0.5%; k = 2), and the reference value was 97.61% (U = 0.22%; k = 2). The results demonstrate that the proposed method provides a new way for reference material producers to calibrate lower-purity organics and has the potential advantage of accurate quantification of lower-purity organics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaonan Sun
- College of Chemistry, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, No.15, Beisanhuan East Road, Chaoyang District, Beijing, 100029, China
| | - Wei Zhang
- Division of Chemical Metrology and Analytical Science, National Institute of Metrology, No.18, Bei San Huan Dong Lu, Chaoyang District, Beijing, 100013, China
| | - Ting Huang
- Division of Chemical Metrology and Analytical Science, National Institute of Metrology, No.18, Bei San Huan Dong Lu, Chaoyang District, Beijing, 100013, China
| | - Yajuan He
- Division of Chemical Metrology and Analytical Science, National Institute of Metrology, No.18, Bei San Huan Dong Lu, Chaoyang District, Beijing, 100013, China
| | - Hongmei Li
- Division of Chemical Metrology and Analytical Science, National Institute of Metrology, No.18, Bei San Huan Dong Lu, Chaoyang District, Beijing, 100013, China
| | - Ping Su
- College of Chemistry, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, No.15, Beisanhuan East Road, Chaoyang District, Beijing, 100029, China.
| | - Yi Yang
- College of Chemistry, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, No.15, Beisanhuan East Road, Chaoyang District, Beijing, 100029, China.
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Siciliano C, Bartella L, Mazzotti F, Aiello D, Napoli A, De Luca P, Temperini A. 1H NMR quantification of cannabidiol (CBD) in industrial products derived from Cannabis sativa L. (hemp) seeds. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2019. [DOI: 10.1088/1757-899x/572/1/012010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
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Masumoto N, Nishizaki Y, Maruyama T, Igarashi Y, Nakajima K, Yamazaki T, Kuroe M, Numata M, Ihara T, Sugimoto N, Sato K. Determination of perillaldehyde in perilla herbs using relative molar sensitivity to single-reference diphenyl sulfone. J Nat Med 2019; 73:566-576. [PMID: 31016636 DOI: 10.1007/s11418-019-01306-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2019] [Accepted: 03/28/2019] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Perillaldehyde (PRL) is one of the essential oil components derived from perilla plants (Perilla frutescens Britton) and is a characteristic compound of the traditional medicine "perilla herb ()" listed in the The Japanese Pharmacopoeia, 17th edition (JP17). HPLC using an analytical standard of PRL has been used to quantitatively determine the PRL content in perilla herb. However, PRL reagents have been reported to decompose easily. In this study, we utilized an alternative quantitative method using on a single reference with relative molar sensitivity (RMS) based on the results of experiments performed in two laboratories. It was possible to calculate the exact RMS using an offline combination of 1H-quantitative NMR spectroscopy (1H-qNMR) and an HPLC/photodiode array (PDA) detector (or an HPLC/variable-wavelength detector [VWD]). Using the RMS of PRL to the single-reference compound diphenyl sulfone (DFS), which is an inexpensive and stable compound, the PRL content in the perilla herb could be determined using HPLC/PDA or HPLC/VWD without the need for the analytical standard of PRL. There was no significant difference between the PRL contents of perilla herb determined using the method employing the single-reference DFS with RMS and using the JP17 assay, the calibration curve of which was generated using the analytical standard of PRL with adjusted purity measured by 1H-qNMR. These results demonstrate that our proposed method using a single reference with RMS is suitable for quantitative assays of perilla herb and can be an alternative method for the current assay method defined in the JP17.
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Affiliation(s)
- Naoko Masumoto
- Division of Food Additives, National Institute of Health Sciences, Tokyo, Japan.
| | - Yuzo Nishizaki
- Division of Food Additives, National Institute of Health Sciences, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Takeshi Maruyama
- Botanical Raw Materials Division, Botanical Raw Materials Research Laboratories, Tsumura & Co., Tokyo, Japan
| | - Yasushi Igarashi
- Botanical Raw Materials Division, Botanical Raw Materials Research Laboratories, Tsumura & Co., Tokyo, Japan
| | - Kaori Nakajima
- Division of Food Additives, National Institute of Health Sciences, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Taichi Yamazaki
- National Metrology Institute of Japan, National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology, Tsukuba, Japan
| | - Miho Kuroe
- National Metrology Institute of Japan, National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology, Tsukuba, Japan
| | - Masahiko Numata
- National Metrology Institute of Japan, National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology, Tsukuba, Japan
| | - Toshihide Ihara
- National Metrology Institute of Japan, National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology, Tsukuba, Japan
| | - Naoki Sugimoto
- Division of Food Additives, National Institute of Health Sciences, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Kyoko Sato
- Division of Food Additives, National Institute of Health Sciences, Tokyo, Japan
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Nishizaki Y, Masumoto N, Nakajima K, Ishizuki K, Yamazaki T, Kuroe M, Numata M, Ihara T, Tada A, Sugimoto N, Sato K. Relative molar sensitivities of carnosol and carnosic acid with respect to diphenylamine allow accurate quantification of antioxidants in rosemary extract. Food Addit Contam Part A Chem Anal Control Expo Risk Assess 2019; 36:203-211. [PMID: 30668225 DOI: 10.1080/19440049.2018.1556817] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
Abstract
We have been developing a high-performance liquid chromatography/photodiode array (HPLC/PDA) employing relative molar sensitivities (RMSs) and adopted it to the accurate quantification of carnosol (CL) and carnosic acid (CA) which are the antioxidants in rosemary extract. The method requires no references of CL or CA and instead uses RMSs with respect to diphenylamine (DPA) whose certified reference material is available from a reagent manufacturer. The molar and response ratios of the analytes to the reference in an artificial mixture of them were determined using 1H-quantitative nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy (1H-qNMR) and HPLC/PDA at a wavelength of 284 nm under isocratic condition, respectively, and then RMSs were calculated to be 0.111 for CL/DPA and 0.0809 for CA/DPA as averaged values in three HPLC-PDA instruments. The RMS values varied by up to 1.1% as relative standard deviation. To evaluate the performance of HPLC/PDA with the RMSs, the CL and CA contents in rosemary extracts were determined using DPA as a reference. The CL and CA contents were compared with those determined using calibration curves of CL and CA obtained by HPLC measurement of standard solutions prepared from their reagents whose absolute purities were determined using 1H-qNMR. The differences between the two methods for CL and CA were ≤3% as relative error. This chromatographic method with RMSs allows a simple and reliable quantification when reference of the analyte is unavailable.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuzo Nishizaki
- a Division of Food Additives , National Institute of Health Sciences , Kawasaki-ku , Japan
| | - Naoko Masumoto
- a Division of Food Additives , National Institute of Health Sciences , Kawasaki-ku , Japan
| | - Kaori Nakajima
- a Division of Food Additives , National Institute of Health Sciences , Kawasaki-ku , Japan
| | - Kyoko Ishizuki
- a Division of Food Additives , National Institute of Health Sciences , Kawasaki-ku , Japan
| | - Taichi Yamazaki
- b National Metrology Institute of Japan , National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology , Tsukuba , Japan
| | - Miho Kuroe
- b National Metrology Institute of Japan , National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology , Tsukuba , Japan
| | - Masahiko Numata
- b National Metrology Institute of Japan , National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology , Tsukuba , Japan
| | - Toshihide Ihara
- b National Metrology Institute of Japan , National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology , Tsukuba , Japan
| | - Atsuko Tada
- a Division of Food Additives , National Institute of Health Sciences , Kawasaki-ku , Japan
| | - Naoki Sugimoto
- a Division of Food Additives , National Institute of Health Sciences , Kawasaki-ku , Japan
| | - Kyoko Sato
- a Division of Food Additives , National Institute of Health Sciences , Kawasaki-ku , Japan
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