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Thiocoumarins: From the Synthesis to the Biological Applications. Molecules 2022; 27:molecules27154901. [PMID: 35956851 PMCID: PMC9369797 DOI: 10.3390/molecules27154901] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2022] [Revised: 07/27/2022] [Accepted: 07/29/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Coumarin is a privilege scaffold in medicinal chemistry. Coumarin derivatives are still an emerging class of highly potent pharmaceutical drugs, best known in the field of antimicrobials and anticoagulants. Thiocoumarins are a particular class of coumarins in which one or two of the oxygen atoms are replaced by a sulfur. They are chemically subdivided in three groups: Thiocoumarins, 2-thioxocoumarins, and dithiocoumarins. This review emphasizes the rationale behind the synthesis and biological applications of the most relevant publications related to this family of compounds. Particular attention has been given to their potential as drug candidates, with particular emphasis in the last 5 years. This article is based on the most relevant information collected from multiple electronic databases, including SciFinder, Pubmed, Espacenet, and Mendeley.
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Diels-Alder Cycloaddition Reactions in Sustainable Media. MOLECULES (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2022; 27:molecules27041304. [PMID: 35209094 PMCID: PMC8876200 DOI: 10.3390/molecules27041304] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2022] [Revised: 02/11/2022] [Accepted: 02/13/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Diels–Alder cycloaddition reaction is one of the most powerful strategies for the construction of six-membered carbocyclic and heterocyclic systems, in most cases with high regio- and stereoselectivity. In this review, an insight into the most relevant advances on sustainable Diels–Alder reactions since 2010 is provided. Various environmentally benign solvent systems are discussed, namely bio-based derived solvents (such as glycerol and gluconic acid), polyethylene glycol, deep eutectic solvents, supercritical carbon dioxide, water and water-based aqueous systems. Issues such as method’s scope, efficiency, selectivity and reaction mechanism, as well as sustainability, advantages and limitations of these reaction media, are addressed.
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Belal M, Mondal S, Yashmin S, Khan AT. Reactivity switch-over of 4-hydroxydithiocoumarins under various conditions and their application in organic synthesis. Org Biomol Chem 2021; 20:715-726. [PMID: 34950941 DOI: 10.1039/d1ob01357b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/29/2023]
Abstract
4-Hydroxydithiocoumarin is a valuable organic precursor to architect important heterocycles. The three different reactive nucleophilic sites in 4-hydroxydithiocoumarins display intriguing regioselectivity in their reaction towards various electrophiles. Previously, 4-hydroxydithiocoumarins have been used in the synthesis of heterocycles using Claisen and thio-Claisen reactions. Hetero-Diels-Alder reactions involving 4-hydroxydithiocoumarins have proven to be very convenient in assembling complex molecular organic frameworks from readily available feedstocks. Development of multicomponent reactions employing 4-hydroxydithiocoumarins has given rise to several important reaction protocols to access polycyclic compounds. Recently, this moiety has been used in forging some unusual S-S, S-N and S-O bonds under oxidative conditions which further explores its hidden reactivity in organic synthesis. Besides that, hydrothiolation of various alkynes and alkenes using 4-hydroxydithiocoumarins has led to the synthesis of some potential lead molecules. This mini-review provides an account of the reactivity pattern of 4-hydroxydithiocoumarins and their strategic applications in various reactions for the synthesis of several heterocycles and other important organic syntheses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Md Belal
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Guwahati, Guwahati-781039, Assam, India.
| | - Santa Mondal
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Guwahati, Guwahati-781039, Assam, India.
| | - Sabina Yashmin
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Guwahati, Guwahati-781039, Assam, India.
| | - Abu Taleb Khan
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Guwahati, Guwahati-781039, Assam, India.
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Baruah B, Deb ML. Catalyst-free and additive-free reactions enabling C-C bond formation: a journey towards a sustainable future. Org Biomol Chem 2021; 19:1191-1229. [PMID: 33480947 DOI: 10.1039/d0ob02149k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
This review focuses on the catalyst- and additive-free C-C bond forming reactions reported mostly from the year 2005 to date. C-C bond forming reactions are highly important as large and complex organic molecules can be derived from simpler ones via these reactions. On the other hand, catalyst- and additive-free reactions are economical, environmentally friendly and less sensitive to air/moisture, allow easy separation of products and are operationally simple. Hence, a large number of research articles have been published in this area. Though a few reviews are available on the catalyst-free organic reactions, most of them were published a few years ago. The current review excludes catalysts as well as additives and is specific to only C-C bond formation. Besides many organic name reactions, catalyst/additive-free C-H functionalizations, coupling reactions and UV-visible-light-promoted reactions are also discussed. Undoubtedly, the contents of this review will motivate readers to do more novel work in this area which will accelerate the journey towards a sustainable future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Biswajita Baruah
- Department of Chemistry, Pandu College, Guwahati-12, Assam, India
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Davasaz Rabbani MA, Khalili B, Saeidian H. Novel edaravone-based azo dyes: efficient synthesis, characterization, antibacterial activity, DFT calculations and comprehensive investigation of the solvent effect on the absorption spectra. RSC Adv 2020; 10:35729-35739. [PMID: 35517118 PMCID: PMC9056902 DOI: 10.1039/d0ra06934e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/11/2020] [Accepted: 09/22/2020] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
The present study deals with designing and synthesizing novel dyes using the drug combination of edaravone and azo compounds which can be used as an indicator for anions and cations. The desired product synthesis was accomplished via a two-step process involving diazotizing the aromatic amines followed by the resultant salts coupling with edaravone. The resulting dyes were obtained with high yields under mild conditions. The structures of the dyes were identified with UV-vis, FT-IR, 1H NMR and 13C NMR spectra and CHN analysis. To investigate the solvatochromism effect, the interaction of different solvents with the selected dyes was evaluated using several parameters including the dielectric constant, refractive index, hydrogen bond donating ability, hydrogen bond accepting ability and dipolarity/polarizability scale. To achieve deep understanding about the stability and geometrical characteristics of the azo–hydrazo tautomers of the synthesized dyes and their UV-visible spectra prediction, some DFT calculations were also carried out on the synthesized dyes. The antibacterial activities of some synthesized compounds were also evaluated using the disk diffusion method. The results revealed different activity of the selected synthesized dyes for antibacterial tests against selected Gram positive and Gram negative bacteria. The present study deals with designing and synthesizing novel dyes using the drug combination of edaravone and azo compounds which can be used as an indicator for anions and cations.![]()
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Behzad Khalili
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Sciences, University of Guilan P. O. Box 41335-1914 Rasht Iran
| | - Hamid Saeidian
- Department of Science, Payame Noor University (PNU) P. O. Box: 19395-4697 Tehran Iran
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Efficient synthesis, spectroscopic characterization and DFT based studies of novel 1-amide 4-sulfonamide-1,2,3-triazole derivatives. J Mol Struct 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molstruc.2019.07.032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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Synthesis and properties of 2,3-heteroannulated thiochromones - hetero analogs of thioxanthone. Chem Heterocycl Compd (N Y) 2019. [DOI: 10.1007/s10593-019-02426-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
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ZnBr 2 catalyzed domino Knoevenagel-hetero-Diels–Alder reaction: An efficient route to polycyclic thiopyranoindol annulated [3,4- c ]quinolone derivatives. Tetrahedron 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tet.2017.04.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
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Pałasz A. Recent Advances in Inverse-Electron-Demand Hetero-Diels-Alder Reactions of 1-Oxa-1,3-Butadienes. Top Curr Chem (Cham) 2016; 374:24. [PMID: 27573264 PMCID: PMC5480413 DOI: 10.1007/s41061-016-0026-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2015] [Accepted: 04/11/2016] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
This review is an endeavor to highlight the progress in the inverse-electron-demand hetero-Diels-Alder reactions of 1-oxa-1,3-butadienes in recent years. The huge number of examples of 1-oxadienes cycloadditions found in the literature clearly demonstrates the incessant importance of this transformation in pyran ring synthesis. This type of reaction is today one of the most important methods for the synthesis of dihydropyrans which are the key building blocks in structuring of carbohydrate and other natural products. Two different modes, inter- and intramolecular, of inverse-electron-demand hetero-Diels-Alder reactions of 1-oxadienes are discussed. The domino Knoevenagel hetero-Diels-Alder reactions are also described. In recent years the use of chiral Lewis acids, chiral organocatalysts, new optically active heterodienes or dienophiles have provided enormous progress in asymmetric synthesis. Solvent-free and aqueous hetero-Diels-Alder reactions of 1-oxabutadienes were also investigated. The reactivity of reactants, selectivity of cycloadditions, and chemical stability in aqueous solutions and under physiological conditions were taken into account to show the potential application of the described reactions in bioorthogonal chemistry. New bioorthogonal ligation by click inverse-electron-demand hetero-Diels-Alder cycloaddition of in situ-generated 1-oxa-1,3-butadienes and vinyl ethers was developed. It seems that some of the hetero-Diels-Alder reactions described in this review can be applied in bioorthogonal chemistry because they are selective, non-toxic, and can function in biological conditions taking into account pH, an aqueous environment, and temperature.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aleksandra Pałasz
- Department of Organic Chemistry, Jagiellonian University, Ingardena 3 St, 30-060, Kraków, Poland.
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Mahato K, Bagdi PR, Khan AT. Yb(OTf)3 catalysed regioselective synthesis of unusual di- and tri- substituted 3,4-dihydrothiochromeno[3,2-e][1,3]thiazin-5(2H)-one derivatives through a pseudo four-component hetero-Diels–Alder reaction. RSC Adv 2015. [DOI: 10.1039/c5ra06905j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
An efficient and facile regioselective synthesis of di- and tri-substituted 3,4-dihydrothiochromeno[3,2-e][1,3]thiazin-5(2H)-one derivatives was achieved through an ytterbium triflate catalysed pseudo four component hetero-Diels–Alder reaction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Karuna Mahato
- Department of Chemistry
- Indian Institute of Technology Guwahati
- Guwahati 781 039
- India
| | - Prasanta Ray Bagdi
- Department of Chemistry
- Indian Institute of Technology Guwahati
- Guwahati 781 039
- India
| | - Abu T. Khan
- Department of Chemistry
- Indian Institute of Technology Guwahati
- Guwahati 781 039
- India
- Vice-Chancellor
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Madda J, Venkatesham A, Naveen Kumar B, Nagaiah K, Sujitha P, Ganesh Kumar C, Rao TP, Jagadeesh Babu N. Synthesis of novel chromeno-annulated cis -fused pyrano[3,4- c ]benzopyran and naphtho pyran derivatives via domino aldol-type/hetero Diels–Alder reaction and their cytotoxicity evaluation. Bioorg Med Chem Lett 2014; 24:4428-4434. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bmcl.2014.08.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2014] [Revised: 07/14/2014] [Accepted: 08/04/2014] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
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Green Route for Efficient Synthesis of Novel Amino Acid Schiff Bases as Potent Antibacterial and Antifungal Agents and Evaluation of Cytotoxic Effects. J CHEM-NY 2014. [DOI: 10.1155/2014/848543] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Green chemical one-pot multicomponent condensation reaction of substituted 1H-indole-2,3-diones (1), various amino acids (2), and thiosemicarbazide (3) is found to be catalyzed by lemon juice as natural acid using water as a green solvent to give the corresponding Schiff bases (4) in good to excellent yields. This method is experimentally simple, clean, high yielding, and green, with reduced reaction times. The product is purified by simple filtration followed by washing with water and drying process. The synthesized compounds are characterized by FT-IR,13CNMR, and1HNMR spectroscopy and are screened for their antifungal activity againstAspergillus niger,Penicillium notatum,Fusarium oxysporum,Alternaria brassicicola,Chaetomium orium, andLycopodium sp.and antibacterial activity against Gram-positive bacteria,Bacillus licheniformis,Staphylococcus aureus, andMicrococcus luteus,and Gram-negative bacteria,Pseudomonas aeruginosaandEscherichia coli. Compounds have also been evaluated for cytotoxic effects against human colon cancer cell line Colo205.
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Matloubi Moghaddam F, Kiamehr M, Reza Khodabakhshi M, Jebeli Javan M, Fathi S, Villinger A, Iaroshenko VO, Langer P. One-Pot Synthesis of Dispiro[oxindole-3,3′-pyrrolidines] by Three-Component [3+2] Cycloadditions ofin situ-Generated Azomethine Ylides with 3-Benzylidene-2,3-dihydro-1H-indol-2-ones. Helv Chim Acta 2013. [DOI: 10.1002/hlca.201200602] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
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Ghandi M, Taghi Nazeri M, Kubicki M. An efficient one-pot, regio- and stereoselective synthesis of novel pentacyclic-fused pyrano[3,2,c]chromenone or quinolinone benzosultone derivatives in water. Tetrahedron 2013. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tet.2013.04.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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A one-pot, three-component regiospecific synthesis of dispiropyrrolidines containing a thiophenone ring via 1,3-dipolar cycloaddition reactions of azomethine ylides. Tetrahedron Lett 2013. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tetlet.2013.03.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
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Synthesis of novel pentacyclic thiopyrano indole-annulated benzo-δ-sultone derivatives via a domino Knoevenagel-hetero-Diels–Alder reaction in water. Tetrahedron Lett 2013. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tetlet.2013.03.070] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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Gawande MB, Bonifácio VDB, Luque R, Branco PS, Varma RS. Benign by design: catalyst-free in-water, on-water green chemical methodologies in organic synthesis. Chem Soc Rev 2013; 42:5522-51. [DOI: 10.1039/c3cs60025d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 501] [Impact Index Per Article: 45.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
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Majumdar K, Taher A, Nandi RK. Synthesis of heterocycles by domino-Knoevenagel–hetero-Diels–Alder reactions. Tetrahedron 2012. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tet.2012.04.098] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
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Khoshkholgh MJ, Hosseindokht MR, Balalaie S, Bozorgmehr MR, Bijanzadeh HR. Synthesis of 1H,7H,12bH-Pyrano[3′,4′: 5,6]pyrano[3,4-c][1]benzopyran-1-one via Domino Knoevenagel/Hetero-DielsAlder Reaction with Theoretical Investigations. Helv Chim Acta 2012. [DOI: 10.1002/hlca.201100237] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
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Parmar NJ, Patel RA, Teraiya SB, Sharma D, Gupta VK. Catalyst-and solvent-free one-pot synthesis of some novel polyheterocycles from aryldiazenyl salicylaldehyde derivatives. RSC Adv 2012. [DOI: 10.1039/c2ra00930g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
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Ghandi M, Mohammadimehr E, Sadeghzadeh M, Bozcheloei AH. Efficient access to novel hexahydro-chromene and tetrahydro-pyrano[2,3-d]pyrimidine-annulated benzo-δ-sultones via a domino Knöevenagel-hetero-Diels–Alder reaction in water. Tetrahedron 2011. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tet.2011.09.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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