First synthesis of novel 3,3′-bipyridazine derivatives as new potent antihepatocellular carcinoma agents

Development of 1,2,3-Triazolopyridazinone Derivatives as Potential Caspase 3 and Apoptosis Inducers: Design, Synthesis and Anticancer Activity Studies

Herein, the synthesis, anticancer activity and apoptotic pathways of 1,2,3-triazolopyridazinones compounds, which are similar to DNA bases not previously found in the literature have been investigated. To achieve this goal, it is designed the hybrid molecules combining triazole and pyridazinone/pyridazithione structures, bearing a lipophilic group (benzyl/phenyl) at the one position and benzene with electron withdrawing or donating groups at five positions, with high pharmacophoric properties on the same scaffold structure. The representative compounds in this series 5a, 5c, 6a and 8c exhibited higher anticancer activity than other compounds and cisplatin control against breast (MCF-7) and lung (A549) cell lines. These compounds were less toxic when tested against the noncancerous L929 cell line. In addition, the apoptotic effect mechanisms of these compounds were confirmed by AO/EB staining and caspase 3 activity results. These findings indicate that some derivatives of these compounds could be effective therapeutic agents for the treatment of cancer disease with an apoptosis-promoting.

Revealing quinquennial anticancer journey of morpholine: A SAR based review

Morpholine, a six-membered heterocycle containing one nitrogen and one oxygen atom, is a moiety of great significance. It forms an important intermediate in many industrial and organic syntheses. Morpholine containing drugs are of high therapeutic value. Its wide array of pharmacological activity includes anti-diabetic, anti-emetic, growth stimulant, anti-depressant, bronchodilator and anticancer. Multi-drug resistance in cancer cases have emerged in the last few years and have led to the failure of many chemotherapeutic drugs. Newer treatment methods and drugs are being developed to overcome this problem. Target based drug discovery is an effective method to develop novel anticancer drugs. To develop newer drugs, previously reported work needs to be studied. Keeping this in mind, last five year's literature on morpholine used as anticancer agents has been reviewed and summarized in the paper herein.

Efficient 1,3,4-Thiadiazole-4,5-dihydropyridazin-3(2H)-ones as Antimicrobial Agents

A set of novel series of 1,3,4-thiadiazolyl-sulfanyl-4,5-dihydropyridazin-3(2H)-ones with anticipated antimicrobial activity has been synthesized. The synthetic protocol of the targeted compounds was accomplished by treating β-aroylacrylic acid 1 with 5-amino-1,3,4-thiadiazole-2-thiol (2) to afford the thia-Michael adduct 3. Afterwards, the obtained thia-Michael adduct 3 was cyclized to 4,5-dihydropyridazin-3(2H)-ones 4a-d and the non-cyclized product hydrazone 5 by using different hydrazines. Moreover, adduct 3 was reacted with esters like diethyl malonate and ethyl acetoacetate affording 1,3,4-thiadiazolobutanamides 6a, b. Furthermore, the concurrent reaction of later butamides 6a, b with the hydrazine derivatives furnished thiadiazolopyridazin-3(2H)-ones 7a-d, 8, and butanoic acid 9.

Synthesis of Some New Pyridazine Derivatives for Anti-HAV Evaluation

4-(2-(4-Halophenyl)hydrazinyl)-6-phenylpyridazin-3(2H)-ones 1a,b were prepared and treated with phosphorus oxychloride, phosphorus pentasulphide and ethyl chloroformate to give the corresponding chloropyridazine, pyridazinethione, oxazolopyridazine derivatives 2–4, respectively. Compound 2 reacted with hydrazine hydrate to afford hydrazinylpyridazine 7. The reaction of 4-(2-(4-chlorophenyl)hydrazinyl)-3-hydrazinyl-6-phenylpyridazine (7) with acetic anhydride, p-chlorobenzaldehyde and carbon disulphide gave the corresponding pyridazinotriazine derivatives 8–10. On the other hand, 5-(4-chlorophenylamino)-7-(3,5-dimethoxybenzylidene)-3-phenyl-5H-pyridazino[3,4-b][1,4]thiazin-6(7H)-one (11) was prepared directly from the reaction of compound 3 with chloroacetic acid in presence of p-chlorobenzaldehyde. Compound 11 reacted with nitrogen nucleophiles (hydroxylamine hydrochloride, hydrazine hydrate) and active methylene group-containing reagents (malononitrile, ethyl cyanoacetate) to afford the corresponding fused compounds 12–15, respectively. Pharmacological screening for antiviral activity against hepatitis A virus (HAV) was performed for the new compounds. 4-(4-Chlorophenylamino)-6-phenyl-1,2-dihydropyridazino[4,3-e][1,2,4]triazine-3(4H)-thione (10) showed the highest effect against HAV.