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Malarney KP, Kc S, Schmidt VA. Recent strategies used in the synthesis of saturated four-membered heterocycles. Org Biomol Chem 2021; 19:8425-8441. [PMID: 34546272 DOI: 10.1039/d1ob00988e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
The importance and prevalance of O-, N-, and S-atom containing saturated four-membered ring motifs in biologically active molecules and potential therapeutics continues to drive efforts in their efficient synthetic preparation. In this review, general and recent strategies for the synthesis of these heterocycles are presented. Due to the limited potential bond disconnections, retrosynthetic strategies are broadly limited to cyclizations and cycloadditions. Nonetheless, diverse approaches for accessing cyclization precursors have been developed, ranging from nucleophilic substitution to C-H functionalization. Innovative methods for substrate activation have been developed for cycloadditions under photochemical and thermal conditions. Advances in accessing oxetanes, azetidines, and thietanes remain active areas of research with continued breakthroughs anticipated to enable future applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kien P Malarney
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, 92071, USA.
| | - Shekhar Kc
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, 92071, USA.
| | - Valerie A Schmidt
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, 92071, USA.
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2
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Fu DJ, Zhang YF, Chang AQ, Li J. β-Lactams as promising anticancer agents: Molecular hybrids, structure activity relationships and potential targets. Eur J Med Chem 2020; 201:112510. [PMID: 32592915 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2020.112510] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2020] [Revised: 05/17/2020] [Accepted: 05/20/2020] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
Abstract
β-Lactam, commonly referred as azetidin-2-one, is a multifunctional building block for synthesizing β-amino ketones, γ-amino alcohols, and other compounds. Besides its well known antibiotic activity, this ring system exhibits a wide range of activities, attracting the attention of researchers. However, the structurally diverse β-lactam analogues as anticancer agents and their different molecular targets are poorly discussed. The purpose of this review is 3-fold: (1) to explore the molecular hybridization approach to design β-lactams hybrids as anticancer agents; (2) the structure activity relationship of the most active anticancer β-lactams and (3) to summarize their antitumor mechanisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dong-Jun Fu
- Modern Research Center for Traditional Chinese Medicine, School of Chinese Materia Medica, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, 100029, People's Republic of China
| | - Yun-Feng Zhang
- Modern Research Center for Traditional Chinese Medicine, School of Chinese Materia Medica, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, 100029, People's Republic of China
| | - An-Qi Chang
- Modern Research Center for Traditional Chinese Medicine, School of Chinese Materia Medica, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, 100029, People's Republic of China
| | - Jun Li
- Modern Research Center for Traditional Chinese Medicine, School of Chinese Materia Medica, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, 100029, People's Republic of China.
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3
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Drouillat B, Peggion C, Biondi B, Wright K, Couty F, Crisma M, Formaggio F, Toniolo C. Heterochiral Ala/(
αMe)Aze
sequential oligopeptides:
S
ynthesis and conformational study. J Pept Sci 2019; 25:e3165. [DOI: 10.1002/psc.3165] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2018] [Revised: 02/18/2019] [Accepted: 02/19/2019] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Bruno Drouillat
- Institut Lavoisier de Versailles, UMR CNRS 8180University of Versailles St‐Quentin en Yvelines Versailles 78035 France
| | | | - Barbara Biondi
- Institute of Biomolecular Chemistry Padova Unit, CNR Padova 35131 Italy
| | - Karen Wright
- Institut Lavoisier de Versailles, UMR CNRS 8180University of Versailles St‐Quentin en Yvelines Versailles 78035 France
| | - François Couty
- Institut Lavoisier de Versailles, UMR CNRS 8180University of Versailles St‐Quentin en Yvelines Versailles 78035 France
| | - Marco Crisma
- Institute of Biomolecular Chemistry Padova Unit, CNR Padova 35131 Italy
| | - Fernando Formaggio
- Department of ChemistryUniversity of Padova Padova 35131 Italy
- Institute of Biomolecular Chemistry Padova Unit, CNR Padova 35131 Italy
| | - Claudio Toniolo
- Department of ChemistryUniversity of Padova Padova 35131 Italy
- Institute of Biomolecular Chemistry Padova Unit, CNR Padova 35131 Italy
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4
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Bucci R, Contini A, Clerici F, Pellegrino S, Gelmi ML. From glucose to enantiopure morpholino β-amino acid: a new tool for stabilizing γ-turns in peptides. Org Chem Front 2019. [DOI: 10.1039/c8qo01116h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
“Environmentally sustainable” synthesis of a new enantiopure morpholino β-amino acid from glucose: a new tool for exotic peptide architectures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Raffaella Bucci
- DISFARM-Sez
- Chimica Generale e Organica “A. Marchesini”
- Università degli Studi di Milano
- 20133 Milano
- Italy
| | - Alessandro Contini
- DISFARM-Sez
- Chimica Generale e Organica “A. Marchesini”
- Università degli Studi di Milano
- 20133 Milano
- Italy
| | - Francesca Clerici
- DISFARM-Sez
- Chimica Generale e Organica “A. Marchesini”
- Università degli Studi di Milano
- 20133 Milano
- Italy
| | - Sara Pellegrino
- DISFARM-Sez
- Chimica Generale e Organica “A. Marchesini”
- Università degli Studi di Milano
- 20133 Milano
- Italy
| | - Maria Luisa Gelmi
- DISFARM-Sez
- Chimica Generale e Organica “A. Marchesini”
- Università degli Studi di Milano
- 20133 Milano
- Italy
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5
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Drouillat B, Peggion C, Biondi B, Wright K, Couty F, Crisma M, Formaggio F, Toniolo C. A novel peptide conformation: the γ-bend ribbon. Org Biomol Chem 2018; 16:7947-7958. [PMID: 30318540 DOI: 10.1039/c8ob02279h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Unlike the extensively investigated relationship between the peptide β-bend ribbon and its prototypical 310-helix conformation, the corresponding relationship between the narrower γ-bend ribbon and its regular γ-helix counterpart still remains to be studied, as the latter 3D-structures have not yet been experimentally authenticated. In this paper, we describe the results of the first characterization, both in the crystal state and in solution, of the γ-bend ribbon conformation using X-ray diffraction and FT-IR absorption, electronic CD and 2D-NMR spectroscopies applied to an appropriate set of synthetic, homo-chiral, sequential dipeptide oligomers based on (S)-Ala and the known γ-bend inducer, Cα-tetrasubstituted, N-alkylated α-amino acid residue (S)-Cα-methyl-azetidine-carboxylic acid.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bruno Drouillat
- Institut Lavoisier de Versailles, UMR CNRS 8180, University of Versailles St-Quentin en Yvelines, 78035 Versailles, France.
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6
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Crisma M, De Zotti M, Moretto A, Peggion C, Drouillat B, Wright K, Couty F, Toniolo C, Formaggio F. Single and multiple peptide γ-turns: literature survey and recent progress. NEW J CHEM 2015. [DOI: 10.1039/c4nj01564a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Published data on peptide isolated and repetitive γ-turns are reviewed. Advancements in our laboratories on these 3D-structures are also presented.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marco Crisma
- ICB
- Padova Unit
- CNR
- Department of Chemistry
- University of Padova
| | - Marta De Zotti
- ICB
- Padova Unit
- CNR
- Department of Chemistry
- University of Padova
| | | | | | - Bruno Drouillat
- ILV
- UMR CNRS 8180
- University of Versailles
- 78035 Versailles
- France
| | - Karen Wright
- ILV
- UMR CNRS 8180
- University of Versailles
- 78035 Versailles
- France
| | - François Couty
- ILV
- UMR CNRS 8180
- University of Versailles
- 78035 Versailles
- France
| | - Claudio Toniolo
- ICB
- Padova Unit
- CNR
- Department of Chemistry
- University of Padova
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7
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Practical preparation of enantiopure 2-methyl-azetidine-2-carboxylic acid; a γ-turn promoter. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2012. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tetasy.2012.05.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
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8
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Pérez-Faginas P, Aranda MT, García-López MT, Snoeck R, Andrei G, Balzarini J, González-Muñiz R. Synthesis and SAR studies on azetidine-containing dipeptides as HCMV inhibitors. Bioorg Med Chem 2010; 19:1155-61. [PMID: 21256035 PMCID: PMC7127091 DOI: 10.1016/j.bmc.2010.12.052] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2010] [Accepted: 12/23/2010] [Indexed: 12/02/2022]
Abstract
SAR studies on an azetidine-containing dipeptide prototype inhibitor of HCMV are described. Three series of structurally modified analogues, involving substitutions at the N- and C-terminus, and at the C-terminal side-chain were synthesized and evaluated for antiviral activity. Aliphatic or no substituents at the C-carboxamide group, an aliphatic C-terminal side-chain, as well as a benzyloxycarbonyl moiety at the N-terminus were absolute requirements for anti-HCMV activity. The conformational restriction induced by the 2-azetidine residue into the dipeptide derivatives, identified by 1H NMR as a γ-type reverse turn, seems to have influence on the activity of these molecules.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paula Pérez-Faginas
- Instituto de Química Médica (CSIC), Juna de la Cierva, 3, 28006 Madrid, Spain
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9
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Baeza JL, Gerona-Navarro G, Thompson K, Pérez de Vega MJ, Infantes L, García-López MT, González-Muñiz R, Martín-Martínez M. Further Evidence for 2-Alkyl-2-carboxyazetidines as γ-Turn Inducers. J Org Chem 2009; 74:8203-11. [DOI: 10.1021/jo901712x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- José Luis Baeza
- Instituto de Química Médica (CSIC), Juan de la Cierva 3, 28006 Madrid, Spain
| | | | - Kevin Thompson
- Instituto de Química Médica (CSIC), Juan de la Cierva 3, 28006 Madrid, Spain
| | | | - Lourdes Infantes
- Instituto de Química Física Rocasolano (CSIC), Serrano 119, 28006 Madrid, Spain
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10
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Stereoselective synthesis of 2-azetidinylglycine and aminopyrrolidone derivatives from Garner’s aldehyde. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2009. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tetasy.2009.04.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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11
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Alcaide B, Almendros P, Aragoncillo C. β-Lactams: Versatile Building Blocks for the Stereoselective Synthesis of Non-β-Lactam Products. Chem Rev 2007; 107:4437-92. [PMID: 17649981 DOI: 10.1021/cr0307300] [Citation(s) in RCA: 416] [Impact Index Per Article: 24.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Benito Alcaide
- Departamento de Química Orgánica I, Facultad de Química, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, 28040-Madrid, Spain.
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