1
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Virlley S, Shukla S, Arora S, Shukla D, Nagdiya D, Bajaj T, Kujur S, Garima, Kumar A, Bhatti JS, Singh A, Singh C. Recent advances in microwave-assisted nanocarrier based drug delivery system: Trends and technologies. J Drug Deliv Sci Technol 2023; 87:104842. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jddst.2023.104842] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/11/2025]
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2
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Islam N, Gurgel PV, Rojas OJ, Carbonell RG. Use of a Branched Linker for Enhanced Biosensing Properties in IgG Detection from Mixed Chinese Hamster Ovary Cell Cultures. Bioconjug Chem 2019; 30:815-825. [PMID: 30653289 DOI: 10.1021/acs.bioconjchem.8b00918] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Tris(2-aminoethyl)-amine (TREN), a branched amine, was coupled to planar surfaces of alkanethiol self-assembled monolayers (SAMs) to increase the grafting density of IgG-binding peptide (HWRGWV or HWRGWVG) on gold surfaces. One of the three primary amine pendant groups of TREN anchors onto the SAM, while the other two are available for grafting with the C-termini of the peptide. The ellipsometric peptide density on the SAM-branched amine was 1.24 molecules nm-2. The surfaces carrying the peptides were investigated via surface plasmon resonance (SPR) to quantify the adsorption of IgG and showed maximum binding capacity, Qm of 4.45 mg m-2, and dissociation constant, Kd of 8.7 × 10-7 M. Real-time dynamic adsorption data was used to determine adsorption rate constants, ka values, and the values were dependent on IgG concentration. IgG binding from complex mixtures of Chinese hamster ovary supernatant (CHO) was investigated and regeneration studies were carried out. Compared to the unbranched amine-based surfaces, the branched amines increased the overall sensitivity and selectivity for IgG adsorption from complex mixtures. Regeneration of the branched amine-based surfaces was achieved with 0.1 M NaOH, with less than 10% decline in peptide activity after 12 cycles of regeneration-binding.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nafisa Islam
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering , North Carolina State University , Raleigh , North Carolina 27695-7905 , United States.,Department of Chemical Engineering , Bangladesh University of Engineering and Technology , Dhaka 1000 , Bangladesh
| | - Patrick V Gurgel
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering , North Carolina State University , Raleigh , North Carolina 27695-7905 , United States.,Prometic Bioseparations , Cambridgeshire , CB23 7AJ , United Kingdom
| | - Orlando J Rojas
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering , North Carolina State University , Raleigh , North Carolina 27695-7905 , United States.,Department of Bioproducts and Biosystems, School of Chemical Engineering , Aalto University , Espoo , 00076 , Finland
| | - Ruben G Carbonell
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering , North Carolina State University , Raleigh , North Carolina 27695-7905 , United States.,Biomanufacturing Training and Education (BTEC) , North Carolina State University , Raleigh , North Carolina 27606 , United States
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3
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Smitha G, Sreekumar K. Chiral dendrigraft polymer for asymmetric synthesis of isoquinuclidines. RSC Adv 2016. [DOI: 10.1039/c6ra15548k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/28/2023] Open
Abstract
A copper complex of chiral modified dendrigraft amidoamine polymer with a pentaerythritol initiated polyepichlorohydrin core, PEN-G2, on a solid resin support is employed in the synthesis of isoquinuclidines via aza Diels–Alder reaction between cyclohexenone and imines.
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Affiliation(s)
- G. Smitha
- Department of Applied Chemistry
- Cochin University of Science and Technology
- Kochi-22
- India
| | - K. Sreekumar
- Department of Applied Chemistry
- Cochin University of Science and Technology
- Kochi-22
- India
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4
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Gangloff N, Ulbricht J, Lorson T, Schlaad H, Luxenhofer R. Peptoids and Polypeptoids at the Frontier of Supra- and Macromolecular Engineering. Chem Rev 2015; 116:1753-802. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemrev.5b00201] [Citation(s) in RCA: 190] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Niklas Gangloff
- Functional Polymer
Materials, Chair for Chemical Technology of Materials Synthesis, University of Würzburg, Röntgenring 11, 97070 Würzburg, Germany
| | - Juliane Ulbricht
- Functional Polymer
Materials, Chair for Chemical Technology of Materials Synthesis, University of Würzburg, Röntgenring 11, 97070 Würzburg, Germany
| | - Thomas Lorson
- Functional Polymer
Materials, Chair for Chemical Technology of Materials Synthesis, University of Würzburg, Röntgenring 11, 97070 Würzburg, Germany
| | - Helmut Schlaad
- Institute of Chemistry, University of Potsdam, Karl-Liebknecht-Str. 24-25, 14476 Potsdam, Germany
| | - Robert Luxenhofer
- Functional Polymer
Materials, Chair for Chemical Technology of Materials Synthesis, University of Würzburg, Röntgenring 11, 97070 Würzburg, Germany
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5
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Knight AS, Zhou EY, Francis MB, Zuckermann RN. Sequence Programmable Peptoid Polymers for Diverse Materials Applications. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2015; 27:5665-5691. [PMID: 25855478 DOI: 10.1002/adma.201500275] [Citation(s) in RCA: 174] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2015] [Revised: 02/13/2015] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
Polymer sequence programmability is required for the diverse structures and complex properties that are achieved by native biological polymers, but efforts towards controlling the sequence of synthetic polymers are, by comparison, still in their infancy. Traditional polymers provide robust and chemically diverse materials, but synthetic control over their monomer sequences is limited. The modular and step-wise synthesis of peptoid polymers, on the other hand, allows for precise control over the monomer sequences, affording opportunities for these chains to fold into well-defined nanostructures. Hundreds of different side chains have been incorporated into peptoid polymers using efficient reaction chemistry, allowing for a seemingly infinite variety of possible synthetically accessible polymer sequences. Combinatorial discovery techniques have allowed the identification of functional polymers within large libraries of peptoids, and newly developed theoretical modeling tools specifically adapted for peptoids enable the future design of polymers with desired functions. Work towards controlling the three-dimensional structure of peptoids, from the conformation of the amide bond to the formation of protein-like tertiary structure, has and will continue to enable the construction of tunable and innovative nanomaterials that bridge the gap between natural and synthetic polymers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abigail S Knight
- UC Berkeley Chemistry Department, Latimer Hall, Berkeley, CA, 94720, USA
| | - Effie Y Zhou
- UC Berkeley Chemistry Department, Latimer Hall, Berkeley, CA, 94720, USA
| | - Matthew B Francis
- UC Berkeley Chemistry Department, Latimer Hall, Berkeley, CA, 94720, USA
- The Molecular Foundry Lawrence Berkeley National Lab, 1 Cyclotron Road, Berkeley, CA, 94720, USA
| | - Ronald N Zuckermann
- The Molecular Foundry Lawrence Berkeley National Lab, 1 Cyclotron Road, Berkeley, CA, 94720, USA
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6
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Jong T, Pérez-López AM, Johansson EMV, Lilienkampf A, Bradley M. Flow and Microwave-Assisted Synthesis of N-(Triethylene glycol)glycine Oligomers and Their Remarkable Cellular Transporter Activities. Bioconjug Chem 2015; 26:1759-65. [PMID: 26155805 DOI: 10.1021/acs.bioconjchem.5b00307] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- ThingSoon Jong
- School
of Chemistry, EaStCHEM, University of Edinburgh, Joseph Black Building, King’s
Buildings,
West Mains Road, EH9 3FJ Edinburgh, United Kingdom
| | - Ana M. Pérez-López
- School
of Chemistry, EaStCHEM, University of Edinburgh, Joseph Black Building, King’s
Buildings,
West Mains Road, EH9 3FJ Edinburgh, United Kingdom
| | - Emma M. V. Johansson
- School
of Chemistry, EaStCHEM, University of Edinburgh, Joseph Black Building, King’s
Buildings,
West Mains Road, EH9 3FJ Edinburgh, United Kingdom
| | - Annamaria Lilienkampf
- School
of Chemistry, EaStCHEM, University of Edinburgh, Joseph Black Building, King’s
Buildings,
West Mains Road, EH9 3FJ Edinburgh, United Kingdom
| | - Mark Bradley
- School
of Chemistry, EaStCHEM, University of Edinburgh, Joseph Black Building, King’s
Buildings,
West Mains Road, EH9 3FJ Edinburgh, United Kingdom
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7
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Sun J, Zuckermann RN. Peptoid polymers: a highly designable bioinspired material. ACS NANO 2013; 7:4715-32. [PMID: 23721608 DOI: 10.1021/nn4015714] [Citation(s) in RCA: 317] [Impact Index Per Article: 26.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/12/2023]
Abstract
Bioinspired polymeric materials are attracting increasing attention due to significant advantages over their natural counterparts: the ability to precisely tune their structures over a broad range of chemical and physical properties, increased stability, and improved processability. Polypeptoids, a promising class of bioinspired polymer based on a N-substituted glycine backbone, have a number of unique properties that bridge the material gap between proteins and bulk polymers. Peptoids combine the sequence specificity of biopolymers with the simpler intra/intermolecular interactions and robustness of traditional synthetic polymers. They are highly designable because hundreds of chemically diverse side chains can be introduced from simple building blocks. Peptoid polymers can be prepared by two distinct synthetic techniques offering access to two material subclasses: (1) automated solid-phase synthesis which enables precision sequence control and near absolute monodispersity up to chain lengths of ~50 monomers, and (2) a classical polymerization approach which allows access to higher molecular weights and larger-scale yields, but with less control over length and sequence. This combination of facile synthetic approaches makes polypeptoids a highly tunable, rapid polymer prototyping platform to investigate new materials that are intermediate between proteins and bulk polymers, in both their structure and their properties. In this paper, we review the methods to synthesize peptoid polymers and their applications in biomedicine and nanoscience, as both sequence-specific materials and as bulk polymers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing Sun
- Molecular Foundry, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, 1 Cyclotron Road, Berkeley, California 94720, USA
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8
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Huang AYT, Tsai CH, Chen HY, Chen HT, Lu CY, Lin YT, Kao CL. Concise solid-phase synthesis of inverse poly(amidoamine) dendrons using AB2 building blocks. Chem Commun (Camb) 2013; 49:5784-6. [DOI: 10.1039/c3cc40661j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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9
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Cell Penetrating Peptoids (CPPos): Synthesis of a Small Combinatorial Library by Using IRORI MiniKans. Pharmaceuticals (Basel) 2012; 5:1265-81. [PMID: 24281336 PMCID: PMC3816671 DOI: 10.3390/ph5121265] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2012] [Revised: 11/13/2012] [Accepted: 11/14/2012] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Cell penetrating peptoids (CPPos) are potent mimics of the corresponding cell penetrating peptides (CPPs). The synthesis of diverse oligomeric libraries that display a variety of backbone scaffolds and side-chain appendages are a very promising source of novel CPPos, which can be used to either target different cellular organelles or even different tissues and organs. In this study we established the submonomer-based solid phase synthesis of a “proof of principle” peptoid library in IRORI MiniKans to expand the amount for phenotypic high throughput screens of CPPos. The library consisting of tetrameric peptoids [oligo(N-alkylglycines)] was established on Rink amide resin in a split and mix approach with hydrophilic and hydrophobic peptoid side chains. All CPPos of the presented library were labeled with rhodamine B to allow for the monitoring of cellular uptake by fluorescent confocal microscopy. Eventually, all the purified peptoids were subjected to live cell imaging to screen for CPPos with organelle specificity. While highly charged CPPos enter the cells by endocytosis with subsequent endosomal release, critical levels of lipophilicity allow other CPPos to specifically localize to mitochondria once a certain lipophilicity threshold is reached.
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10
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Unciti-Broceta A, Díaz-Mochón JJ, Sánchez-Martín RM, Bradley M. The use of solid supports to generate nucleic acid carriers. Acc Chem Res 2012; 45:1140-52. [PMID: 22390230 DOI: 10.1021/ar200263c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
Nucleic acids are the foundation stone of all cellular processes. Consequently, the use of DNA or RNA to treat genetic and acquired disorders (so called gene therapy) offers enormous potential benefits. The restitution of defective genes or the suppression of malignant genes could target a range of diseases, including cancers, inherited diseases (cystic fibrosis, muscular dystrophy, etc.), and viral infections. However, this strategy has a major barrier: the size and charge of nucleic acids largely restricts their transit into eukaryotic cells. Potential strategies to solve this problem include the use of a variety of natural and synthetic nucleic acid carriers. Driven by the aim and ambition of translating this promising therapeutic approach into the clinic, researchers have been actively developing advanced delivery systems for nucleic acids for more than 20 years. A decade ago we began our investigations of solid-phase techniques to construct families of novel nucleic acid carriers for transfection. We envisaged that the solid-phase synthesis of polycationic dendrimers and derivatized polyamimes would offer distinct advantages over solution phase techniques. Notably in solid phase synthesis we could take advantage of mass action and streamlined purification procedures, while simplifying the handling of compounds with high polarities and plurality of functional groups. Parallel synthesis methods would also allow rapid access to libraries of compounds with improved purities and yields over comparable solution methodologies and facilitate the development of structure activity relationships. We also twisted the concept of the solid-phase support on its head: we devised miniaturized solid supports that provided an innovative cell delivery vehicle in their own right, carrying covalently conjugated cargos (biomolecules) into cells. In this Account, we summarize the main outcomes of this series of chemically related projects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Asier Unciti-Broceta
- Edinburgh Cancer Research Centre, MRC Institute of Genetics and Molecular Medicine, University of Edinburgh, Crewe Road South, Edinburgh EH4 2XR, United Kingdom
- Deliverics Ltd, Joseph Black Building, West Mains Road, Edinburgh EH9 3JJ, United Kingdom
| | - Juan José Díaz-Mochón
- Facultad de Farmacia, Universidad de Granada, Campus de la Cartuja s/n, 18071 Granada, Spain
| | | | - Mark Bradley
- School of Chemistry, University of Edinburgh, West Mains Road, EH9 3JJ Edinburgh, United Kingdom
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11
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Pedersen SL, Tofteng AP, Malik L, Jensen KJ. Microwave heating in solid-phase peptide synthesis. Chem Soc Rev 2012; 41:1826-44. [DOI: 10.1039/c1cs15214a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 214] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
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12
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Borger JG, Cardenas-Maestre JM, Zamoyska R, Sanchez-Martin RM. Novel strategy for microsphere-mediated DNA transfection. Bioconjug Chem 2011; 22:1904-8. [PMID: 21899351 DOI: 10.1021/bc200289n] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Abstract
A new approach for microsphere-mediated delivery of plasmid DNA has been developed and successfully evaluated. Basic molecular biology techniques were used to linearize and functionalize plasmid DNA by aminomodification, enabling efficient conjugation to carboxy-functionalized microspheres. A T cell hybridoma line was successfully transfected as determined by the efficient expression of a biologically relevant YFP fusion protein. Moreover, our data identified microsphere-mediated delivery of plasmid DNA as a noninvasive, nontoxic, and efficient gene delivery method with the potential to be applied to transfection-resistant, nondividing primary cells, including naïve T cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jessica G Borger
- Institute of Immunology and Infection Research, School of Biological Sciences, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, United Kingdom
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13
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Caporale A, Schievano E, Peggion E. Peptide-peptoid hybrids based on (1-11)-parathyroid hormone analogs. J Pept Sci 2010; 16:480-5. [PMID: 20629116 DOI: 10.1002/psc.1265] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
A series of peptide-peptoid hybrids, containing N-substituted glycines, were synthesized based on the H-Aib-Val-Aib-Glu-Ile-Gln-Leu-Nle-His-Gln-Har-NH(2) (Har = Homoarginine) as the parent parathyroid hormone (1-11) analog. The compounds were pharmacologically characterized in their agonistic activity at the parathyroid hormone 1 receptor.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Caporale
- Department of Chemical Sciences, Institute of Biomolecular Chemistry, CNR, University of Padova, Padova, Italy.
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14
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Culf AS, Ouellette RJ. Solid-phase synthesis of N-substituted glycine oligomers (alpha-peptoids) and derivatives. Molecules 2010; 15:5282-335. [PMID: 20714299 PMCID: PMC6257730 DOI: 10.3390/molecules15085282] [Citation(s) in RCA: 145] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/04/2010] [Revised: 07/14/2010] [Accepted: 08/02/2010] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
Peptoids (N-substituted polyglycines and extended peptoids with variant backbone amino-acid monomer units) are oligomeric synthetic polymers that are becoming a valuable molecular tool in the biosciences. Of particular interest are their applications to the exploration of peptoid secondary structures and drug design. Major advantages of peptoids as research and pharmaceutical tools include the ease and economy of synthesis, highly variable backbone and side-chain chemistry possibilities. At the same time, peptoids have been demonstrated as highly active in biological systems while resistant to proteolytic decay. This review with 227 references considers the solid-phase synthetic aspects of peptoid preparation and utilization up to 2010 from the instigation, by R. N. Zuckermann et al., of peptoid chemistry in 1992.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adrian S Culf
- Atlantic Cancer Research Institute, Moncton, NB, Canada.
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15
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Bacsa B, Bosze S, Kappe CO. Direct solid-phase synthesis of the beta-amyloid (1-42) peptide using controlled microwave heating. J Org Chem 2010; 75:2103-6. [PMID: 20180552 DOI: 10.1021/jo100136r] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Standard linear Fmoc/t-Bu solid-phase synthesis of the 42-mer beta-amyloid (1-42) peptide was achieved under controlled microwave conditions at 86 degrees C using inexpensive DIC/HOBt as coupling reagent on ChemMatrix resin. In order to avoid racemization of the sensitive amino acids, the coupling of the three His residues in the difficult peptide sequence was performed at room temperature. The desired peptide was obtained within 15 h overall processing time in high yield and purity (78% crude yield).
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Affiliation(s)
- Bernadett Bacsa
- Christian Doppler Laboratory for Microwave Chemistry and Institute of Chemistry, Karl-Franzens-University Graz, Heinrichstrasse 28, A-8010 Graz, Austria
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16
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Unciti-Broceta A, Bacon MN, Bradley M. Strategies for the preparation of synthetic transfection vectors. Top Curr Chem (Cham) 2010; 296:15-49. [PMID: 21504099 DOI: 10.1007/128_2010_65] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
Abstract
In the late 1980s independent work by Felgner and Behr pioneered the use of cationic materials to complex and deliver nucleic acids into eukaryotic cells. Since this time, a vast number of synthetic transfection vectors, which are typically divided into two main "transfectors", have been developed namely: (1) cationic lipids and (2) polycationic polymers. In this chapter the main synthetic approaches used for the synthesis of these compounds will be reviewed with particular attention paid to: cationic lipids and dendrimers. This review is aimed primarily at the younger audience of doctoral students and non-specialist readers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Asier Unciti-Broceta
- School of Chemistry, University of Edinburgh, West Mains Road, Edinburgh EH9 3JJ, UK.
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17
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Kappe CO, Dallinger D. Controlled microwave heating in modern organic synthesis: highlights from the 2004–2008 literature. Mol Divers 2009; 13:71-193. [PMID: 19381851 DOI: 10.1007/s11030-009-9138-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 292] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/06/2009] [Accepted: 02/27/2009] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
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18
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19
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Fowler SA, Blackwell HE. Structure-function relationships in peptoids: recent advances toward deciphering the structural requirements for biological function. Org Biomol Chem 2009; 7:1508-24. [PMID: 19343235 DOI: 10.1039/b817980h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 233] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Oligomers of N-substituted glycine, or peptoids, are versatile tools to probe biological processes and hold promise as therapeutic agents. An underlying theme in the majority of recent peptoid research is the connection between peptoid function and peptoid structure. For certain applications, well-folded peptoids are essential for activity, while unstructured peptoids appear to suffice, or even are superior, for other applications. Currently, these structure-function connections are largely made after the design, synthesis, and characterization process. However, as guidelines for peptoid folding are elucidated and the known biological activities are expanded, we anticipate these connections will provide a pathway toward the de novo design of functional peptoids. In this perspective, we review several of the peptoid structure-function relationships that have been delineated over the past five years.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sarah A Fowler
- Department of Chemistry, University of Wisconsin-Madison, 1101 University Avenue, Madison, WI 53706-1322, USA
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20
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Liberska A, Unciti-Broceta A, Bradley M. Very long-chain fatty tails for enhanced transfection. Org Biomol Chem 2008; 7:61-8. [PMID: 19081947 DOI: 10.1039/b815733b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
The long chain saturated fatty acids, arachidic (C20) and lignoceric (C24), are found as components of phospholipids within mammalian cellular membranes. Although these lipids have rarely been used as components of transfection reagents, we recently demonstrated that elongation of the fatty tail beyond C18 provide a means of increasing the transfection efficiency of cationic lipids. To investigate this effect further, a new library of single-chained cationic lipids consisting of mono-, di- or tri-arginine residues, a range of amino acid spacers and these long-chain saturated fatty tails were synthesised using an Fmoc solid-phase strategy, which allowed the preparation of 18 compounds, some with remarkable transfection abilities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aleksandra Liberska
- School of Chemistry, King's Buildings, West Mains Road, Edinburgh, UK EH9 3JJ
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21
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Bacsa B, Horváti K, Bõsze S, Andreae F, Kappe CO. Solid-Phase Synthesis of Difficult Peptide Sequences at Elevated Temperatures: A Critical Comparison of Microwave and Conventional Heating Technologies. J Org Chem 2008; 73:7532-42. [DOI: 10.1021/jo8013897] [Citation(s) in RCA: 131] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Bernadett Bacsa
- Christian Doppler Laboratory for Microwave Chemistry (CDLMC) and Institute of Chemistry, Karl-Franzens-University Graz, Heinrichstrasse 28, A-8010 Graz, Austria, Research Group of Peptide Chemistry, Hungarian Academy of Sciences, Eötvös Loránd University, 1117 Budapest, Hungary, and piCHEM Forschungs und EntwicklungsgmbH, Kahngasse 20, A-8045 Graz, Austria
| | - Kata Horváti
- Christian Doppler Laboratory for Microwave Chemistry (CDLMC) and Institute of Chemistry, Karl-Franzens-University Graz, Heinrichstrasse 28, A-8010 Graz, Austria, Research Group of Peptide Chemistry, Hungarian Academy of Sciences, Eötvös Loránd University, 1117 Budapest, Hungary, and piCHEM Forschungs und EntwicklungsgmbH, Kahngasse 20, A-8045 Graz, Austria
| | - Szilvia Bõsze
- Christian Doppler Laboratory for Microwave Chemistry (CDLMC) and Institute of Chemistry, Karl-Franzens-University Graz, Heinrichstrasse 28, A-8010 Graz, Austria, Research Group of Peptide Chemistry, Hungarian Academy of Sciences, Eötvös Loránd University, 1117 Budapest, Hungary, and piCHEM Forschungs und EntwicklungsgmbH, Kahngasse 20, A-8045 Graz, Austria
| | - Fritz Andreae
- Christian Doppler Laboratory for Microwave Chemistry (CDLMC) and Institute of Chemistry, Karl-Franzens-University Graz, Heinrichstrasse 28, A-8010 Graz, Austria, Research Group of Peptide Chemistry, Hungarian Academy of Sciences, Eötvös Loránd University, 1117 Budapest, Hungary, and piCHEM Forschungs und EntwicklungsgmbH, Kahngasse 20, A-8045 Graz, Austria
| | - C. Oliver Kappe
- Christian Doppler Laboratory for Microwave Chemistry (CDLMC) and Institute of Chemistry, Karl-Franzens-University Graz, Heinrichstrasse 28, A-8010 Graz, Austria, Research Group of Peptide Chemistry, Hungarian Academy of Sciences, Eötvös Loránd University, 1117 Budapest, Hungary, and piCHEM Forschungs und EntwicklungsgmbH, Kahngasse 20, A-8045 Graz, Austria
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22
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Elegbede AI, Banerjee J, Hanson AJ, Tobwala S, Ganguli B, Wang R, Lu X, Srivastava DK, Mallik S. Mechanistic studies of the triggered release of liposomal contents by matrix metalloproteinase-9. J Am Chem Soc 2008; 130:10633-42. [PMID: 18642903 PMCID: PMC2644422 DOI: 10.1021/ja801548g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 61] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) constitute a class of extracellular-matrix-degrading enzymes overexpressed in many cancers and contribute to the metastatic ability of the cancer cells. We have recently demonstrated that liposomal contents can be released when triggered by the enzyme MMP-9. Herein, we report the results of our mechanistic studies of the MMP-9-triggered release of liposomal contents. We synthesized peptides containing the cleavage site for MMP-9 and conjugated them with fatty acids to prepare the corresponding lipopeptides. By employing circular dichroism (CD) spectroscopy, we demonstrated that the lipopeptides, when incorporated into liposomes, are demixed in the lipid bilayers and generate triple-helical structures. MMP-9 cleaves the triple-helical peptides, leading to the release of the liposomal contents. Other MMPs, which cannot hydrolyze triple-helical peptides, fail to release the contents from the liposomes. We also observed that the rate and extent of release of the liposomal contents depend on the mismatch between the acyl chains of the synthesized lipopeptide and phospholipid components of the liposomes. CD spectroscopic studies imply that the observed differences in the release reflect the ability of the liposomal membrane to anneal the defects following the enzymatic cleavage of the liposome-incorporated lipopeptides.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adekunle I. Elegbede
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, North Dakota State University, Fargo, North Dakota 58105
| | - Jayati Banerjee
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, North Dakota State University, Fargo, North Dakota 58105
| | - Andrea J. Hanson
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, North Dakota State University, Fargo, North Dakota 58105
| | - Shakila Tobwala
- Department of Chemistry, Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, North Dakota State University, Fargo, North Dakota 58105
| | - Bratati Ganguli
- Department of Chemistry, Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, North Dakota State University, Fargo, North Dakota 58105
| | - Rongying Wang
- Proteomics Core Facility, School of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of North Dakota, Grand Forks, North Dakota 58202
| | - Xiaoning Lu
- Proteomics Core Facility, School of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of North Dakota, Grand Forks, North Dakota 58202
| | - D. K. Srivastava
- Department of Chemistry, Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, North Dakota State University, Fargo, North Dakota 58105
| | - Sanku Mallik
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, North Dakota State University, Fargo, North Dakota 58105
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How SE, Unciti-Broceta A, Sánchez-Martín RM, Bradley M. Solid-phase synthesis of a lysine-capped bis-dendron with remarkable DNA delivery abilities. Org Biomol Chem 2008; 6:2266-9. [PMID: 18563258 DOI: 10.1039/b804771e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/30/2025]
Abstract
Solid-phase synthesis of a generation 3.0 polyamidourea 1-->3 C-branched bis-dendron followed by capping of the peripheral amino groups with L-lysine gave an efficient transfection reagent.
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Affiliation(s)
- Siew-Eng How
- School of Chemistry, King's Buildings, West Mains Road, Edinburgh, EH9 3JJ, UK
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