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Emadi R, Bahrami Nekoo A, Molaverdi F, Khorsandi Z, Sheibani R, Sadeghi-Aliabadi H. Applications of palladium-catalyzed C-N cross-coupling reactions in pharmaceutical compounds. RSC Adv 2023; 13:18715-18733. [PMID: 37346956 PMCID: PMC10280806 DOI: 10.1039/d2ra07412e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2022] [Accepted: 05/17/2023] [Indexed: 06/23/2023] Open
Abstract
C-N cross-coupling bond formation reactions have become valuable approaches to synthesizing anilines and their derivatives, known as important chemical compounds. Recent developments in this field have focused on versatile catalysts, simple operation methods, and green reaction conditions. This review article presents an overview of C-N cross-coupling reactions in pharmaceutical compound synthesis reports. Selected examples of N-arylation reactions of various nitrogen-based compounds and aryl halides are defined for preparing pharmaceutical molecules.
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Affiliation(s)
- Reza Emadi
- Department of Biochemistry, Institute of Biochemistry & Biophysics (IBB), University of Tehran Tehran Iran
| | - Abbas Bahrami Nekoo
- Nanoalvand Pharmaceutical Company, Department of Quality Control, Unit of Raw Materials Simindasht Alborz Iran
| | - Fatemeh Molaverdi
- Department of Organic Chemistry, School of Chemistry, College of Science, Tehran University Tehran Islamic Republic of Iran
| | - Zahra Khorsandi
- Pharmaceutical Sciences Research Center, School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences Isfahan 81746-73461 Iran
| | - Reza Sheibani
- Amirkabir University of Technology-Mahshahr Campus University St., Nahiyeh san'ati Mahshahr Khouzestan Iran
| | - Hojjat Sadeghi-Aliabadi
- Pharmaceutical Sciences Research Center, School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences Isfahan 81746-73461 Iran
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2
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Kucharek M, Danel A. Palladium-catalyzed amino group arylation of 1,3-disubstituted 1H-pyrazol-5-amine based on Buchwald–Hartwig reaction. Chem Heterocycl Compd (N Y) 2021. [DOI: 10.1007/s10593-021-02961-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
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3
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Akhtar MJ, Yar MS, Sharma VK, Khan AA, Ali Z, Haider MDR, Pathak A. Recent Progress of Benzimidazole Hybrids for Anticancer Potential. Curr Med Chem 2021; 27:5970-6014. [PMID: 31393240 DOI: 10.2174/0929867326666190808122929] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2018] [Revised: 04/16/2019] [Accepted: 07/22/2019] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
This review presents the detailed account of factors leading to cancer and design strategy for the synthesis of benzimidazole derivatives as anticancer agents. The recent survey for cancer treatment in Cancer facts and figures 2017 American Chemical Society has shown progressive development in fighting cancer. Researchers all over the world in both developed and developing countries are in a continuous effort to tackle this serious concern. Benzimidazole and its derivatives showed a broad range of biological activities due to their resemblance with naturally occurring nitrogenous base i.e. purine. The review discussed benzimidazole derivatives showing anticancer properties through a different mechanism viz. intercalation, alkylating agents, topoisomerases, DHFR enzymes, and tubulin inhibitors. Benzimidazole derivatives act through a different mechanism and the substituents reported from the earlier and recent research articles are prerequisites for the synthesis of targeted based benzimidazole derivatives as anticancer agents. The review focuses on an easy comparison of the substituent essential for potency and selectivity through SAR presented in figures. This will further provide a better outlook or fulfills the challenges faced in the development of novel benzimidazole derivatives as anticancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Md Jawaid Akhtar
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, School of Pharmaceutical Education & Research, Hamdard University,
Hamdard Nagar, New Delhi-110062, India,Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Indo Soviet Friendship College of Pharmacy, Ghal Kalan, Ferozpur G.T. Road MOGA-142001, Punjab, India
| | - Mohammad Shahar Yar
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, School of Pharmaceutical Education & Research, Hamdard University,
Hamdard Nagar, New Delhi-110062, India
| | - Vinod Kumar Sharma
- School of Pharmacy, Bharat Institute of Technology, NH58, Partapur Bypass Meerut-250103, India
| | - Ahsan Ahmed Khan
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, School of Pharmaceutical Education & Research, Hamdard University,
Hamdard Nagar, New Delhi-110062, India
| | - Zulphikar Ali
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, School of Pharmaceutical Education & Research, Hamdard University,
Hamdard Nagar, New Delhi-110062, India
| | - M D Rafi Haider
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, School of Pharmaceutical Education & Research, Hamdard University,
Hamdard Nagar, New Delhi-110062, India
| | - Ankita Pathak
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, School of Pharmaceutical Education & Research, Hamdard University,
Hamdard Nagar, New Delhi-110062, India
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4
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Sanchez IM, Purwin TJ, Chervoneva I, Erkes DA, Nguyen MQ, Davies MA, Nathanson KL, Kemper K, Peeper DS, Aplin AE. In Vivo ERK1/2 Reporter Predictively Models Response and Resistance to Combined BRAF and MEK Inhibitors in Melanoma. Mol Cancer Ther 2019; 18:1637-1648. [PMID: 31270153 PMCID: PMC6726573 DOI: 10.1158/1535-7163.mct-18-1056] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2018] [Revised: 05/02/2019] [Accepted: 06/25/2019] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
Combined BRAF and MEK inhibition is a standard of care in patients with advanced BRAF-mutant melanoma, but acquired resistance remains a challenge that limits response durability. Here, we quantitated in vivo ERK1/2 activity and tumor response associated with resistance to combined BRAF and MEK inhibition in mutant BRAF xenografts. We found that ERK1/2 pathway reactivation preceded the growth of resistant tumors. Moreover, we detected a subset of cells that not only persisted throughout long-term treatment but restored ERK1/2 signaling and grew upon drug removal. Cell lines derived from combination-resistant tumors (CRT) exhibited elevated ERK1/2 phosphorylation, which were sensitive to ERK1/2 inhibition. In some CRTs, we detected a tandem duplication of the BRAF kinase domain. Monitoring ERK1/2 activity in vivo was efficacious in predicting tumor response during intermittent treatment. We observed maintained expression of the mitotic regulator, polo-like kinase 1 (Plk1), in melanoma resistant to BRAF and MEK inhibitors. Plk1 inhibition induced apoptosis in CRTs, leading to slowed growth of BRAF and MEK inhibitor-resistant tumors in vivo These data demonstrate the utility of in vivo ERK1/2 pathway reporting as a tool to optimize clinical dosing schemes and establish suppression of Plk1 as potential salvage therapy for BRAF inhibitor and MEK inhibitor-resistant melanoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ileine M Sanchez
- Department of Cancer Biology, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
| | - Timothy J Purwin
- Department of Cancer Biology, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
| | - Inna Chervoneva
- Division of Biostatistics, Sidney Kimmel Cancer Center at Jefferson, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
| | - Dan A Erkes
- Department of Cancer Biology, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
| | - Mai Q Nguyen
- Department of Cancer Biology, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
| | - Michael A Davies
- Department of Melanoma Medical Oncology, Division of Cancer Medicine, University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas
| | - Katherine L Nathanson
- Translational Medicine and Human Genetics, Department of Medicine, Perelman School of Medicine at the University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
- Abramson Cancer Center, Perelman School of Medicine at the University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
| | - Kristel Kemper
- Division of Molecular Oncology & Immunology, Netherlands Cancer Institute, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Daniel S Peeper
- Division of Molecular Oncology & Immunology, Netherlands Cancer Institute, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Andrew E Aplin
- Department of Cancer Biology, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania.
- Department of Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics, Sidney Kimmel Cancer Center at Jefferson, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
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5
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Bouarfa S, Graßl S, Ivanova M, Langlais T, Bentabed-Ababsa G, Lassagne F, Erb W, Roisnel T, Dorcet V, Knochel P, Mongin F. Copper- and Cobalt-Catalyzed Syntheses of Thiophene-Based Tertiary Amines. European J Org Chem 2019. [DOI: 10.1002/ejoc.201900276] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Salima Bouarfa
- CNRS; ISCR (Institut des Sciences Chimiques de Rennes) - UMR 6226; Univ Rennes; 35000 Rennes France
- Laboratoire de Synthèse Organique Appliquée; Faculté des Sciences Exactes et Appliquées; Université Oran1 Ahmed Ben Bella; BP 1524 El M′Naouer 31000 Oran Algeria
| | - Simon Graßl
- Department Chemie; Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München; Butenandtstrasse 5-13, Haus F 81377 München Germany
| | - Maria Ivanova
- Department Chemie; Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München; Butenandtstrasse 5-13, Haus F 81377 München Germany
| | - Timothy Langlais
- CNRS; ISCR (Institut des Sciences Chimiques de Rennes) - UMR 6226; Univ Rennes; 35000 Rennes France
- Department Chemie; Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München; Butenandtstrasse 5-13, Haus F 81377 München Germany
| | - Ghenia Bentabed-Ababsa
- Laboratoire de Synthèse Organique Appliquée; Faculté des Sciences Exactes et Appliquées; Université Oran1 Ahmed Ben Bella; BP 1524 El M′Naouer 31000 Oran Algeria
| | - Frédéric Lassagne
- CNRS; ISCR (Institut des Sciences Chimiques de Rennes) - UMR 6226; Univ Rennes; 35000 Rennes France
| | - William Erb
- CNRS; ISCR (Institut des Sciences Chimiques de Rennes) - UMR 6226; Univ Rennes; 35000 Rennes France
| | - Thierry Roisnel
- CNRS; ISCR (Institut des Sciences Chimiques de Rennes) - UMR 6226; Univ Rennes; 35000 Rennes France
| | - Vincent Dorcet
- CNRS; ISCR (Institut des Sciences Chimiques de Rennes) - UMR 6226; Univ Rennes; 35000 Rennes France
| | - Paul Knochel
- Department Chemie; Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München; Butenandtstrasse 5-13, Haus F 81377 München Germany
| | - Florence Mongin
- CNRS; ISCR (Institut des Sciences Chimiques de Rennes) - UMR 6226; Univ Rennes; 35000 Rennes France
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6
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Nedolya NA, Tarasova OA, Albanov AI, Trofimov BA. A One-Pot Assembly of Fully Substituted Alkyl 5-Aminothiophene-2-carboxylates from Allenes, Isothiocyanates, and Alkyl 2-Bromoacetates. J Org Chem 2017. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.7b01217] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Nina A. Nedolya
- A. E. Favorsky Irkutsk Institute
of Chemistry, Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, 1 Favorsky Street, Irkutsk 664033, Russian Federation
| | - Ol’ga A. Tarasova
- A. E. Favorsky Irkutsk Institute
of Chemistry, Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, 1 Favorsky Street, Irkutsk 664033, Russian Federation
| | - Alexander I. Albanov
- A. E. Favorsky Irkutsk Institute
of Chemistry, Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, 1 Favorsky Street, Irkutsk 664033, Russian Federation
| | - Boris A. Trofimov
- A. E. Favorsky Irkutsk Institute
of Chemistry, Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, 1 Favorsky Street, Irkutsk 664033, Russian Federation
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7
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Abstract
![]()
Pd-catalyzed
cross-coupling reactions that form C–N bonds
have become useful methods to synthesize anilines and aniline derivatives,
an important class of compounds throughout chemical research. A key
factor in the widespread adoption of these methods has been the continued
development of reliable and versatile catalysts that function under
operationally simple, user-friendly conditions. This review provides
an overview of Pd-catalyzed N-arylation reactions found in both basic
and applied chemical research from 2008 to the present. Selected examples
of C–N cross-coupling reactions between nine classes of nitrogen-based
coupling partners and (pseudo)aryl halides are described for the synthesis
of heterocycles, medicinally relevant compounds, natural products,
organic materials, and catalysts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paula Ruiz-Castillo
- Department of Chemistry, Massachusetts Institute of Technology , Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, United States
| | - Stephen L Buchwald
- Department of Chemistry, Massachusetts Institute of Technology , Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, United States
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8
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Ajani OO, Aderohunmu DV, Ikpo CO, Adedapo AE, Olanrewaju IO. Functionalized Benzimidazole Scaffolds: Privileged Heterocycle for Drug Design in Therapeutic Medicine. Arch Pharm (Weinheim) 2016; 349:475-506. [PMID: 27213292 DOI: 10.1002/ardp.201500464] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2016] [Revised: 04/14/2016] [Accepted: 04/22/2016] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
Benzimidazole derivatives are crucial structural scaffolds found in diverse libraries of biologically active compounds which are therapeutically useful agents in drug discovery and medicinal research. They are structural isosteres of naturally occurring nucleotides, which allows them to interact with the biopolymers of living systems. Hence, there is a need to couple the latest information with the earlier documentations to understand the current status of the benzimidazole nucleus in medicinal chemistry research. This present work unveils the benzimidazole core as a multifunctional nucleus that serves as a resourceful tool of information for synthetic modifications of old existing candidates in order to tackle drug resistance bottlenecks in therapeutic medicine. This manuscript deals with the recent advances in the synthesis of benzimidazole derivatives, the widespread biological activities as well as pharmacokinetic reports. These present them as a toolbox for fighting infectious diseases and also make them excellent candidates for future drug design.
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Affiliation(s)
- Olayinka O Ajani
- Department of Chemistry, Covenant University, CST, Canaanland, Ota, Ogun State, Nigeria
| | - Damilola V Aderohunmu
- Department of Chemistry, Covenant University, CST, Canaanland, Ota, Ogun State, Nigeria
| | - Chinwe O Ikpo
- Department of Chemistry, University of the Western Cape, Bellville, Cape Town, South Africa
| | - Adebusayo E Adedapo
- Department of Chemistry, Covenant University, CST, Canaanland, Ota, Ogun State, Nigeria
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Abstract
The concept of flow "fine" synthesis, that is, high yielding and selective organic synthesis by flow methods, is described. Some examples of flow "fine" synthesis of natural products and APIs are discussed. Flow methods have several advantages over batch methods in terms of environmental compatibility, efficiency, and safety. However, synthesis by flow methods is more difficult than synthesis by batch methods. Indeed, it has been considered that synthesis by flow methods can be applicable for the production of simple gasses but that it is difficult to apply to the synthesis of complex molecules such as natural products and APIs. Therefore, organic synthesis of such complex molecules has been conducted by batch methods. On the other hand, syntheses and reactions that attain high yields and high selectivities by flow methods are increasingly reported. Flow methods are leading candidates for the next generation of manufacturing methods that can mitigate environmental concerns toward sustainable society.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shū Kobayashi
- Department of Chemistry, School of Science, The University of Tokyo, Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, 113-0033, Japan.
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10
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Rizwan K, Karakaya I, Heitz D, Zubair M, Rasool N, Molander GA. Copper-mediated N-Arylation of Methyl 2-Aminothiophene-3-carboxylate with Organoboron Reagents. Tetrahedron Lett 2015; 56:6839-42. [PMID: 26576065 DOI: 10.1016/j.tetlet.2015.10.080] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
Abstract
A practical protocol for the synthesis of N-arylated methyl 2-aminothiophene-3-carboxylate has been developed via Chan-Lam cross-coupling. The desired products were synthesized by cross-coupling of methyl 2-aminothiophene-3-carboxylate with both arylboronic acids and potassium aryltrifluoroborate salts in moderate to good yields. A broad range of functional groups was well tolerated.
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11
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Unal A, Eren B. FT-IR, dispersive Raman, NMR, DFT and antimicrobial activity studies on 2-(Thiophen-2-yl)-1H-benzo[d]imidazole. Spectrochim Acta A Mol Biomol Spectrosc 2013; 114:129-136. [PMID: 23756262 DOI: 10.1016/j.saa.2013.05.045] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2013] [Revised: 05/13/2013] [Accepted: 05/14/2013] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
2-(Thiophen-2-yl)-1H-benzo[d]imidazole (TBI) was synthesized under microwave conditions and was characterized by FT-IR, dispersive Raman, (1)H-, (13)C-, DEPT-, HETCOR-NMR spectroscopies and density functional theory (DFT) computations. The FT-IR and dispersive Raman spectra of TBI were recorded in the regions 4000-400 cm(-1) and 4000-100 cm(-1). The experimental vibrational spectra were interpreted with the help of normal coordinate analysis based on DFT/B3LYP/6-311++G(d,p) theory level for the more stable tautomeric form (Tautomer 1). The complete vibrational assignments were performed on the basis of the potential energy distribution (PED) of the vibrational modes, calculated with scaled quantum mechanical (SQM) method. A satisfactory consistency between the experimental and theoretical findings was obtained. The frontier molecular orbitals (FMOs), atomic charges and NMR shifts of the two stable tautomeric forms were also obtained at the same theory level without any symmetry restrictions. In addition, the title compound was screened for its antimicrobial activity and was found to be exhibit antifungal and antibacterial effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arslan Unal
- Department of Physics, Bilecik Şeyh Edebali University, 11210 Bilecik, Turkey.
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Hartwig J, Ceylan S, Kupracz L, Coutable L, Kirschning A. Heating under High-Frequency Inductive Conditions: Application to the Continuous Synthesis of the Neurolepticum Olanzapine (Zyprexa). Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2013; 52:9813-7. [DOI: 10.1002/anie.201302239] [Citation(s) in RCA: 110] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2013] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
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Hartwig J, Ceylan S, Kupracz L, Coutable L, Kirschning A. Induktives Heizen unter Hochfrequenzbedingungen: Anwendung in der kontinuierlichen Synthese des Neuroleptikums Olanzapin (Zyprexa). Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2013. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201302239] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
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Miller MS, Pinson JA, Zheng Z, Jennings IG, Thompson PE. Regioselective synthesis of 5- and 6-methoxybenzimidazole-1,3,5-triazines as inhibitors of phosphoinositide 3-kinase. Bioorg Med Chem Lett 2013; 23:802-5. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bmcl.2012.11.076] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2012] [Revised: 11/19/2012] [Accepted: 11/20/2012] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
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Omar MA, Shaker YM, Galal SA, Ali MM, Kerwin SM, Li J, Tokuda H, Ramadan RA, El Diwani HI. Synthesis and docking studies of novel antitumor benzimidazoles. Bioorg Med Chem 2012; 20:6989-7001. [PMID: 23123017 DOI: 10.1016/j.bmc.2012.10.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/24/2012] [Accepted: 10/11/2012] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
In this work, the benzimidazole-pyrrole conjugates 6a-h and benzimidazole-tetracycles conjugates 12-14 were prepared. The cytotoxicity of the compounds 3, 4a-h, 6a-h, 8, 10 and 12-14 was tested against lung cancer cell line A549. Compound 6b exhibited higher activity than the bis-benzoxazole natural product (UK-1), the standard. The tested 4g,h, 6a-h, 10 and 12-14 exhibited remarkable cytotoxicity activity against breast cancer cell line MCF-7 with higher activity than tamoxifen. Furthermore, compound 4h was found to be also more potent than doxurubicin. The antitumor promotion activity of synthesized compounds 4g,h, 6a-h, 10 and 12-14 has been estimated by studying their possible inhibitory effects on EBV-EA activation induced by 12-O-tetradecanoylphorbol-13-acetate (TPA). Among the studied compounds, the inhibitory activities of compounds 8, 13 and 14 demonstrated strong inhibitory effects on the Epstein-Barr virus early antigen (EBV-EA) activation without showing any cytotoxicity on the Raji cells and their effects being stronger than that of a representative control, oleanolic acid. Moreover, the molecular docking of the new compounds into plasminogen activator (uPA) receptor has been in correlation with the antitumor activity. All synthesized compounds 3, 4a-h, 6a-h, 8, 10 and 12-14 were docked into same groove of the binding site of the native co-crystalized (4-iodobenzo[b]thiophene-2-carboxamidine) ligand (PDB code:1c5x) for activity explaination. Compounds 4h, 6b and 13, giving the best docking results, were further studied to estimate their effect on the level of uPA using AssayMax human urokinase (uPA) ELISA kit. In case of A549 cell line, compound 6 exhibited similar activity to MMC, and for MCF-7 cell line, compound 4h exhibited similar activity to doxorubicin, in inhibiting the expression of uPA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohamed A Omar
- Chemistry of Natural and Microbial Products Department, National Research Center, Dokki, 12311 Cairo, Egypt
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16
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Skerlj RT, Bastos CM, Booker ML, Kramer ML, Barker RH, Celatka CA, O’Shea TJ, Munoz B, Sidhu AB, Cortese JF, Wittlin S, Papastogiannidis P, Angulo-Barturen I, Jimenez-Diaz MB, Sybertz E. Optimization of Potent Inhibitors of P. falciparum Dihydroorotate Dehydrogenase for the Treatment of Malaria. ACS Med Chem Lett 2011; 2:708-13. [PMID: 24900364 DOI: 10.1021/ml200143c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2011] [Accepted: 07/10/2011] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Inhibition of dihydroorotate dehydrogenase (DHODH) for P. falciparum potentially represents a new treatment option for malaria, since DHODH catalyzes the rate-limiting step in the pyrimidine biosynthetic pathway and P. falciparum is unable to salvage pyrimidines and must rely on de novo biosynthesis for survival. We report herein the synthesis and structure-activity relationship of a series of 5-(2-methylbenzimidazol-1-yl)-N-alkylthiophene-2-carboxamides that are potent inhibitors against PfDHODH but do not inhibit the human enzyme. On the basis of efficacy observed in three mouse models of malaria, acceptable safety pharmacology risk assessment and safety toxicology profile in rodents, lack of potential drug-drug interactions, acceptable ADME/pharmacokinetic profile, and projected human dose, 5-(4-cyano-2-methyl-1H-benzo[d]imidazol-1-yl)-N-cyclopropylthiophene-2-carboxamide 2q was identified as a potential drug development candidate.
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Affiliation(s)
- Renato T. Skerlj
- Genzyme Corporation, 153 Second Avenue, Waltham, Massachusetts 02451, United States
| | - Cecilia M. Bastos
- Genzyme Corporation, 153 Second Avenue, Waltham, Massachusetts 02451, United States
| | - Michael L. Booker
- Genzyme Corporation, 153 Second Avenue, Waltham, Massachusetts 02451, United States
| | - Martin L. Kramer
- Genzyme Corporation, 153 Second Avenue, Waltham, Massachusetts 02451, United States
| | - Robert H. Barker
- Genzyme Corporation, 153 Second Avenue, Waltham, Massachusetts 02451, United States
| | - Cassandra A. Celatka
- Genzyme Corporation, 153 Second Avenue, Waltham, Massachusetts 02451, United States
| | - Thomas J. O’Shea
- Genzyme Corporation, 153 Second Avenue, Waltham, Massachusetts 02451, United States
| | - Benito Munoz
- Broad Institute of Harvard and MIT, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02141, United States
| | - Amar Bir Sidhu
- Broad Institute of Harvard and MIT, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02141, United States
| | - Joseph F. Cortese
- Broad Institute of Harvard and MIT, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02141, United States
| | - Sergio Wittlin
- Swiss Tropical and Public Health Institute, Socinstrasse 57, CH-4002, Basel, Switzerland
- University of Basel, Petersplatz 1, CH-4003, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Petros Papastogiannidis
- Swiss Tropical and Public Health Institute, Socinstrasse 57, CH-4002, Basel, Switzerland
- University of Basel, Petersplatz 1, CH-4003, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Inigo Angulo-Barturen
- Medicines Development Campus, Diseases of the Developing World, GlaxoSmithKline, c/Severo Ochoa 2, 28760 Tres Cantos, Spain
| | - Maria Belen Jimenez-Diaz
- Medicines Development Campus, Diseases of the Developing World, GlaxoSmithKline, c/Severo Ochoa 2, 28760 Tres Cantos, Spain
| | - Edmund Sybertz
- Genzyme Corporation, 153 Second Avenue, Waltham, Massachusetts 02451, United States
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17
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Solanki S, Innocenti P, Mas-Droux C, Boxall K, Barillari C, van Montfort RLM, Aherne GW, Bayliss R, Hoelder S. Benzimidazole Inhibitors Induce a DFG-Out Conformation of Never in Mitosis Gene A-Related Kinase 2 (Nek2) without Binding to the Back Pocket and Reveal a Nonlinear Structure−Activity Relationship. J Med Chem 2011; 54:1626-39. [DOI: 10.1021/jm1011726] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Savade Solanki
- The Institute of Cancer Research, Cancer Research UK Cancer Therapeutics Unit, 15 Cotswold Road, Sutton, Surrey SM2 5NG, United Kingdom
| | - Paolo Innocenti
- The Institute of Cancer Research, Cancer Research UK Cancer Therapeutics Unit, 15 Cotswold Road, Sutton, Surrey SM2 5NG, United Kingdom
| | - Corine Mas-Droux
- The Institute of Cancer Research, Section of Structural Biology, Chester Beatty Laboratories, 237 Fulham Road, London SW3 6JB, United Kingdom
| | - Kathy Boxall
- The Institute of Cancer Research, Cancer Research UK Cancer Therapeutics Unit, 15 Cotswold Road, Sutton, Surrey SM2 5NG, United Kingdom
| | - Caterina Barillari
- The Institute of Cancer Research, Cancer Research UK Cancer Therapeutics Unit, 15 Cotswold Road, Sutton, Surrey SM2 5NG, United Kingdom
- The Institute of Cancer Research, Section of Structural Biology, Chester Beatty Laboratories, 237 Fulham Road, London SW3 6JB, United Kingdom
| | - Rob L. M. van Montfort
- The Institute of Cancer Research, Cancer Research UK Cancer Therapeutics Unit, 15 Cotswold Road, Sutton, Surrey SM2 5NG, United Kingdom
- The Institute of Cancer Research, Section of Structural Biology, Chester Beatty Laboratories, 237 Fulham Road, London SW3 6JB, United Kingdom
| | - G. Wynne Aherne
- The Institute of Cancer Research, Cancer Research UK Cancer Therapeutics Unit, 15 Cotswold Road, Sutton, Surrey SM2 5NG, United Kingdom
| | - Richard Bayliss
- The Institute of Cancer Research, Section of Structural Biology, Chester Beatty Laboratories, 237 Fulham Road, London SW3 6JB, United Kingdom
| | - Swen Hoelder
- The Institute of Cancer Research, Cancer Research UK Cancer Therapeutics Unit, 15 Cotswold Road, Sutton, Surrey SM2 5NG, United Kingdom
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Rheault TR, Donaldson KH, Badiang-Alberti JG, Davis-Ward RG, Andrews CW, Bambal R, Jackson JR, Cheung M. Heteroaryl-linked 5-(1H-benzimidazol-1-yl)-2-thiophenecarboxamides: potent inhibitors of polo-like kinase 1 (PLK1) with improved drug-like properties. Bioorg Med Chem Lett 2010; 20:4587-92. [PMID: 20594842 DOI: 10.1016/j.bmcl.2010.06.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2010] [Revised: 06/01/2010] [Accepted: 06/02/2010] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Abstract
Potent inhibitors of PLK1 with acceptable solubility, mouse iv clearance, and reduced CYP450 inhibition were identified. Drug-like properties were improved using a heteroaryl ring as a functional handle for manipulation of inhibitors' physiochemical and DMPK properties.
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19
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20
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Arkin MR, Whitty A. The road less traveled: modulating signal transduction enzymes by inhibiting their protein-protein interactions. Curr Opin Chem Biol 2009; 13:284-90. [PMID: 19553156 DOI: 10.1016/j.cbpa.2009.05.125] [Citation(s) in RCA: 135] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2009] [Revised: 05/13/2009] [Accepted: 05/18/2009] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
The biological functions of intracellular signaling enzymes typically depend on multiple protein-protein interactions (PPI) with substrates, scaffolding proteins, and other cytoplasmic molecules. Blocking these interactions provides an alternative means to modulate signaling activity without fully ablating the catalytic activity of the target. Several recent reports describe small-molecule antagonists that target PPI sites on signaling enzymes. These findings suggest that such sites may often be druggable. However, the hypothesis that targeting such sites might confer on the resulting inhibitors improved properties of efficacy and/or tolerability, while appealing, remains largely untested.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michelle R Arkin
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94158, United States.
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21
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Rheault TR, Donaldson KH, Cheung M. Convenient synthesis of heteroaryl-linked benzimidazoles via microwave-assisted boronate ester formation. Tetrahedron Lett 2009; 50:1399-402. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tetlet.2009.01.087] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
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22
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Emmitte KA, Adjabeng GM, Adjebang GM, Andrews CW, Alberti JGB, Bambal R, Chamberlain SD, Davis-Ward RG, Dickson HD, Hassler DF, Hornberger KR, Jackson JR, Kuntz KW, Lansing TJ, Mook RA, Nailor KE, Pobanz MA, Smith SC, Sung CM, Cheung M. Design of potent thiophene inhibitors of polo-like kinase 1 with improved solubility and reduced protein binding. Bioorg Med Chem Lett 2009; 19:1694-7. [PMID: 19237286 DOI: 10.1016/j.bmcl.2009.01.094] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2009] [Revised: 01/27/2009] [Accepted: 01/28/2009] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
A series of thiophene PLK1 inhibitors was optimized for increased solubility and reduced protein binding through the appendage of basic amine functionality. Interesting selectivity between PLK1 and PLK3 was also obtained through these modifications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kyle A Emmitte
- Five Moore Drive, Research Triangle Park, NC 27709, GlaxoSmithKline, USA
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