Concise and efficient synthesis of 3′-O-triphosphates of 2′-deoxyadenosine and 2′-deoxycytidine

How To Form a Phosphate Anhydride Linkage in Nucleotide Derivatives

The fundamental roles of nucleoside triphosphates and nucleotide cofactors such as NAD(+) in biochemistry are well known. In recent decades, continuing research has revealed the key role of 5'-capped RNA and 5',5'-dinucleoside polyphosphates in the regulation of vitally important physiological processes. Last but not least, the commercial potential of nucleoside triphosphate synthesis can hardly be overestimated. Nevertheless, despite decades of investigation and the obvious topicality of the research on the chemical synthesis of the nucleotide compounds containing phosphate anhydride linkages, none of the existing procedures can be considered an up-to-date "gold standard". However, there are a number of fruitful synthetic approaches to forming phosphate anhydride linkages in satisfactory yield. These are summarized in this concise review, organized by the type of active phosphorous intermediate and reagents used.

Concise and efficient synthesis of 3'-O-tetraphosphates of 2'-deoxyadenosine and 2'-deoxycytidine

We describe concise and efficient synthesis of biologically very important 3'-O-tetraphosphates namely 2'-deoxyadenosine-3'-O-tetraphosphate (2'-d-3'-A4P) and 2'-deoxycytidine-3'-O-tetra-phosphate (2'-d-3'-C4P). N(6)-benzoyl-5'-O-levulinoyl-2'-deoxyadenosine was converted into N(6)-benzoyl-5'-O-levulinoyl-2'-deoxyadenosine-3'-O-tetraphosphate in 87% yield using a one-pot synthetic methodology. One-step concurrent deprotection of N(6)-benzoyl and 5'-O-levulinoyl groups using concentrated aqueous ammonia resulted 2'-d-3'-A4P in 74% yield. The same synthetic strategy was successfully employed to convert N(4)-benzoyl-5'-O-levulinoyl-2'-deoxycytidine into 2'-d-3'-C4P in 68% yield.

Short and straightforward synthesis of triphosphates of artificial nucleobase pairs displaying unconventional pairing scheme

Concise, facile and efficient synthesis of 5'-O-triphosphates of 6-amino-5-nitro-3-(1'-β-D-2'-deoxyribofuranosyl)-2(1H)-pyridone (dZ) and its Watson-Crick complement 2-amino-8-(1'-β-D-2'-deoxyribofuranosyl)-imidazo[1,2a]-1,3,5-triazin-4(8H)-one (dP) is reported using a one-pot synthetic procedure.