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Senthilvelan A, Shanmugasundaram M, Kore AR. Protocols for Efficient Chemical Synthesis of N 2 -Modified Guanosine Phosphate Derivatives: Versatile Probes for mRNA Labeling. Curr Protoc 2023; 3:e863. [PMID: 37639626 DOI: 10.1002/cpz1.863] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/31/2023]
Abstract
A facile, reliable, and efficient method for the synthesis of N2 -modified guanosine nucleotides such as N2 -[benzyl-N-(propyl)carbamate]-guanosine-5'-O-monophosphate, N2 -[benzyl-N-(propyl)carbamate]-guanosine-5'-O-diphosphate, N2 -[benzyl-N-(propyl)carbamate]-guanosine-5'-O-triphosphate, and N2 -[benzyl-N-(propyl)carbamate]-N7 -methyl-guanosine-5'-O-diphosphate, starting from the corresponding nucleotide is described. The general process entails condensation between the exocyclic amine of guanosine nucleotide and 3-[(benzyloxycarbonyl)amino]propionaldehyde in aqueous methanol, followed by reduction using sodium cyanoborohydride to furnish the corresponding N2 -modified guanosine nucleotide in moderate yield with high purity (>99.5%). © 2023 Wiley Periodicals LLC. Basic Protocol: Synthesis of N2 -modified guanosine derivatives.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Anilkumar R Kore
- Life Sciences and Laboratory Products Group, Thermo Fisher Scientific, Austin, Texas
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Senthilvelan A, Shanmugasundaram M, Kore AR. An Efficient Gram-Scale Chemical Synthesis of UNA-Nucleoside-5'-O-Triphosphates. Curr Protoc 2023; 3:e782. [PMID: 37219381 DOI: 10.1002/cpz1.782] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
Abstract
This unit describes a facile, reliable, and efficient method for the gram-scale chemical synthesis of unlocked nucleic acid- (UNA) nucleoside-5'-O-triphosphates such as UNA-guanosine-5'-O-triphosphate (UNA-GTP), UNA-adenosine-5'-O-triphosphate (UNA-ATP), UNA-cytidine-5'-O-triphosphate (UNA-CTP), and UNA-uridine-5'-O-triphosphate (UNA-UTP), starting from the commercially available corresponding nucleoside-5'-O-triphosphate. The present process involves a "one-pot, two-step" strategy that utilizes green chemistry principles. The overall reaction involves the oxidation of nucleoside-5'-O-triphosphate using sodium periodate under aqueous conditions, followed by reduction using sodium borohydride to furnish the corresponding UNA-nucleoside-5'-O-triphosphate in good yields with high purity (>99.5%). © 2023 Wiley Periodicals LLC. Basic Protocol: Synthesis of UNA-nucleoside-5'-O-triphosphates.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Anilkumar R Kore
- Life Sciences and Laboratory Products Group, Thermo Fisher Scientific, Austin, Texas
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Shanmugasundaram M, Senthilvelan A, Kore AR. An efficient green synthesis of UNA-nucleoside-5′-triphosphates: a versatile synthon for RNA modification with broad therapeutic potential. Results in Chemistry 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/j.rechem.2023.100841] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/11/2023] Open
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Senthilvelan A, Vonderfecht T, Shanmugasundaram M, Potter J, Kore AR. Click-iT trinucleotide cap analog: Synthesis, mRNA translation, and detection. Bioorg Med Chem 2023; 77:117128. [PMID: 36516685 DOI: 10.1016/j.bmc.2022.117128] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2022] [Revised: 12/05/2022] [Accepted: 12/06/2022] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
The first example of the synthesis of a new trinucleotide cap analog containing propargyl group such as m7,3'-O-propargylG(5')PPP(5')AmpG is reported. The effect of the propargyl group in trinucleotide analog with a standard trinucleotide cap analog (GAG), m7G(5')ppp(5')AmpG was evaluated with respect to their capping efficiency, in vitro T7 RNA polymerase transcription efficiency, and translation activity using cultured A549 lung carcinoma epithelial cells. The new propargyl cap analog is a substrate for T7 RNA polymerase. Notably, the mRNA capped with the propargyl cap is translated ∼ 1.3 times more efficiently than the mRNA capped with the GAG cap. The most characteristic feature of the new propargyl cap analog is that the presence of the propargyl group allows further modification of the mRNA by chemical ligation of an azide-containing fluorescent-labeled substrate to the mRNA via click chemistry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Annamalai Senthilvelan
- Life Sciences and Laboratory Products Group, Thermo Fisher Scientific, 2130, Woodward Street, Austin, TX 78744-1832, USA
| | - Tyson Vonderfecht
- Life Sciences and Laboratory Products Group, Thermo Fisher Scientific, 5781, Van Allen Way, Carlsbad, CA 92008, USA
| | - Muthian Shanmugasundaram
- Life Sciences and Laboratory Products Group, Thermo Fisher Scientific, 2130, Woodward Street, Austin, TX 78744-1832, USA
| | - Jason Potter
- Life Sciences and Laboratory Products Group, Thermo Fisher Scientific, 5781, Van Allen Way, Carlsbad, CA 92008, USA
| | - Anilkumar R Kore
- Life Sciences and Laboratory Products Group, Thermo Fisher Scientific, 2130, Woodward Street, Austin, TX 78744-1832, USA.
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Senthilvelan A, Shanmugasundaram M, Kore AR. Solution‐Phase Chemical Synthesis of Modified RNA Dinucleotides. Curr Protoc 2022; 2:e583. [PMID: 36342272 DOI: 10.1002/cpz1.583] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
This article describes a simple, reliable, efficient, and improved solution-phase method for the gram-scale chemical synthesis of RNA dinucleotides such as pAm pA, pAm pG, and pAm pU that utilizes phosphoramidite chemistry. The overall synthetic strategy involves three steps. The first step involves the coupling reaction between 5'-O-MMT protected nucleoside-3'-O-phosphoramidite and a protected nucleoside containing a free 5'-OH group in the presence of tetrazole, followed by the oxidation of phosphite triester using tert-butyl hydroperoxide to give the corresponding protected Nm pN. Next, the 5'-O-MMT is cleaved under 3% trichloroacetic acid in dichloromethane conditions. Finally, the 5'-hydroxyl group is phosphorylated by the use of an activated bis(2-cyanoethyl)-N,N-diisopropyl phosphoramidite using tetrazole, followed by the oxidation of trivalent to pentavalent phosphorus using tert-butyl hydroperoxide and subsequent deprotection using ammonium hydroxide to afford the corresponding RNA dinucleotide, pNm pN, in good yields with high purity (>99.5%). © 2022 Wiley Periodicals LLC.
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Senthilvelan A, Shanmugasundaram M, Kore AR. Efficient and Improved Solution-Phase Synthesis of Modified RNA Dinucleotides: Versatile Synthons in Cap 1 mRNA Therapeutics. Org Process Res Dev 2022. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.oprd.2c00218] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Annamalai Senthilvelan
- Life Sciences Solutions Group, Thermo Fisher Scientific, 2130 Woodward Street, Austin, Texas 78744-1832, United States
| | - Muthian Shanmugasundaram
- Life Sciences Solutions Group, Thermo Fisher Scientific, 2130 Woodward Street, Austin, Texas 78744-1832, United States
| | - Anilkumar R. Kore
- Life Sciences Solutions Group, Thermo Fisher Scientific, 2130 Woodward Street, Austin, Texas 78744-1832, United States
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Shanmugasundaram M, Senthilvelan A, Kore AR. Recent Advances in Modified Cap Analogs: Synthesis, Biochemical Properties, and mRNA Based Vaccines. CHEM REC 2022; 22:e202200005. [PMID: 35420257 PMCID: PMC9111249 DOI: 10.1002/tcr.202200005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/07/2022] [Revised: 02/25/2022] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
The recent FDA approval of the mRNA vaccine for severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus (SARS-CoV-2) emphasizes the importance of mRNA as a powerful tool for therapeutic applications. The chemically modified mRNA cap analogs contain a unique cap structure, m7 G[5']ppp[5']N (where N=G, A, C or U), present at the 5'-end of many eukaryotic cellular and viral RNAs and several non-coding RNAs. The chemical modifications on cap analog influence orientation's nature, translational efficiency, nuclear stability, and binding affinity. The recent invention of a trinucleotide cap analog provides groundbreaking research in the area of mRNA analogs. Notably, trinucleotide cap analogs outweigh dinucleotide cap analogs in terms of capping efficiency and translational properties. This review focuses on the recent development in the synthesis of various dinucleotide cap analogs such as dinucleotide containing a triazole moiety, phosphorothiolate cap, biotinylated cap, cap analog containing N1 modification, cap analog containing N2 modification, dinucleotide containing fluorescence probe and TAT, bacterial caps, and trinucleotide cap analogs. In addition, the biological applications of these novel cap analogs are delineated.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Annamalai Senthilvelan
- Life Sciences Solutions GroupThermo Fisher Scientific2130 Woodward StreetAustinTX 78744-1832US
| | - Anilkumar R. Kore
- Life Sciences Solutions GroupThermo Fisher Scientific2130 Woodward StreetAustinTX 78744-1832US
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Shanmugasundaram M, Senthilvelan A, Kore AR. An Efficient Gram-Scale Chemical Synthesis of Purine Locked Nucleic Acid Nucleoside-5'-O-Triphosphates. Curr Protoc 2022; 2:e436. [PMID: 35723503 DOI: 10.1002/cpz1.436] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
This article presents a simple, reliable, straight-forward, general, and efficient chemical method for the gram-scale synthesis of purine locked nucleic acid (LNA) nucleotides, such as LNA guanosine-5'-O-triphosphate (LNA-GTP) and LNA adenosine-5'-O-triphosphate (LNA-ATP), starting from the corresponding nucleoside. The reaction pathway employs an improved protection-free "one-pot, three-step" Ludwig synthetic strategy. The first step involves monophosphorylation of nucleoside with phosphorus oxychloride followed by reaction with tributylammonium pyrophosphate and subsequent hydrolysis of the resulting cyclic intermediate to furnish the corresponding LNA nucleotide in good yields. It is noteworthy that the reaction affords high-purity (>99.5%) LNA nucleotide after diethylaminoethyl Sepharose column purification. © 2022 Wiley Periodicals LLC. Basic Protocol: Synthesis of LNA nucleoside-5'-O-triphosphates.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Anilkumar R Kore
- Life Sciences Solutions Group, Thermo Fisher Scientific, Austin, Texas
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Shanmugasundaram M, Senthilvelan A, Kore AR. An improved protection-free one-pot chemical synthesis of purine locked nucleic acid nucleoside-5'-triphosphates. Nucleosides Nucleotides Nucleic Acids 2021; 41:36-44. [PMID: 34696692 DOI: 10.1080/15257770.2021.1994992] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
A simple, reliable, straightforward, and efficient method for the gram-scale chemical synthesis of purine locked nucleic acid (LNA) nucleotides such as LNA-guanosine-5'-triphosphate (LNA-GTP) and LNA-adenosine-5'-triphosphate (LNA-ATP) starting from the corresponding nucleoside is described. The overall reaction utilizes an improved "one-pot, three-step" Ludwig synthetic strategy that involves the monophosphorylation of LNA nucleoside, followed by the reaction with tributylammonium pyrophosphate and subsequent hydrolysis of the resulting cyclic intermediate using water to furnish the corresponding purine LNA nucleotide in good yield with high purity (>99.5%).
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Anilkumar R Kore
- Life Sciences Solutions Group, Thermo Fisher Scientific, Austin, Texas, USA
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Shanmugasundaram M, Senthilvelan A, Kore AR. Chemical Synthesis of a Locked Nucleic Acid-Substituted Dinucleotide Cap Analog. Curr Protoc 2021; 1:e22. [PMID: 33484497 DOI: 10.1002/cpz1.22] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Abstract
This article describes a reliable and efficient method for synthesis of the dinucleotide cap analog m7(LNA) G[5']ppp[5']G containing a locked nucleic acid moiety. The required LNA intermediate for the final coupling reaction, m7(LNA) GDP, is prepared in six steps starting from 5'-DMTr-N-DMF LNA guanosine. The overall reaction involves removal of DMTr and DMF groups, 5' monophosphorylation, imidazolide formation, diphosphorylation, and regioselective m7 methylation. The final coupling reaction of m7(LNA) GDP with ImGMP in the presence of zinc chloride as a catalyst affords m7(LNA) G[5']ppp[5']G in 59% yield. © 2021 Wiley Periodicals LLC. Basic Protocol: Synthesis of an LNA-substituted dinucleotide cap analog Support Protocol: Preparation of the tris(tributylammonium) phosphate linker.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Anilkumar R Kore
- Life Sciences Solutions Group, Thermo Fisher Scientific, Austin, Texas
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Senthilvelan A, Vonderfecht T, Shanmugasundaram M, Pal I, Potter J, Kore AR. Trinucleotide Cap Analogue Bearing a Locked Nucleic Acid Moiety: Synthesis, mRNA Modification, and Translation for Therapeutic Applications. Org Lett 2021; 23:4133-4136. [PMID: 34008991 DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.1c01037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
Abstract
The synthesis of a new trinucleotide cap analogue containing a locked nucleic acid (LNA) moiety such as m7(LNA)G(5')ppp(5')AmpG and its molecular biology applications are described. The most appealing feature is that this new cap analogue outperforms the standard trinucleotide cap m7G(5')ppp(5')AmpG and the anti-reverse cap analogue m27,3'-OG(5')ppp(5')G by a factor of 5 in terms of translational efficiency.
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Affiliation(s)
- Annamalai Senthilvelan
- Life Sciences Solutions Group, Thermo Fisher Scientific, 2130 Woodward Street, Austin, Texas 78744-1832, United States
| | - Tyson Vonderfecht
- Life Sciences Solutions Group, Thermo Fisher Scientific, 5781 Van Allen Way, Carlsbad, California 92008, United States
| | - Muthian Shanmugasundaram
- Life Sciences Solutions Group, Thermo Fisher Scientific, 2130 Woodward Street, Austin, Texas 78744-1832, United States
| | - Indra Pal
- Life Sciences Solutions Group, Thermo Fisher Scientific, 2202 North Bartlett Avenue, Milwaukee, Wisconsin 53202, United States
| | - Jason Potter
- Life Sciences Solutions Group, Thermo Fisher Scientific, 5781 Van Allen Way, Carlsbad, California 92008, United States
| | - Anilkumar R Kore
- Life Sciences Solutions Group, Thermo Fisher Scientific, 2130 Woodward Street, Austin, Texas 78744-1832, United States
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Shanmugasundaram M, Senthilvelan A, Kore AR. Highly regioselective 1,3-dipolar cycloaddition of 3'- O-propargyl guanosine with nitrile oxide: An efficient method for the synthesis of guanosine containing isoxazole moiety. Tetrahedron Lett 2020; 61:152464. [PMID: 32981977 PMCID: PMC7501312 DOI: 10.1016/j.tetlet.2020.152464] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2020] [Revised: 09/10/2020] [Accepted: 09/13/2020] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
The 1,3-dipolar cycloaddition reaction of 3'-O-propargyl guanosine with various in-situ generated nitrile oxides in the presence of DMF as a solvent is described. It is noteworthy that the reaction is highly regioselective that affords biologically important guanosine containing isoxazole moiety in good yields with high purities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Muthian Shanmugasundaram
- Life Sciences Solutions Group, Thermo Fisher Scientific, 2130 Woodward Street, Austin, TX 78744-1832, USA
| | - Annamalai Senthilvelan
- Life Sciences Solutions Group, Thermo Fisher Scientific, 2130 Woodward Street, Austin, TX 78744-1832, USA
| | - Anilkumar R Kore
- Life Sciences Solutions Group, Thermo Fisher Scientific, 2130 Woodward Street, Austin, TX 78744-1832, USA
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Senthilvelan A, Shanmugasundaram M, Kore AR. Highly regioselective methylation of inosine nucleotide: an efficient synthesis of 7-methylinosine nucleotide. Nucleosides Nucleotides Nucleic Acids 2020; 39:1011-1019. [PMID: 32189563 DOI: 10.1080/15257770.2020.1738457] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Abstract
A facile, straightforward, reliable, and an efficient chemical synthesis of inosine nucleotides such as 7-methylinosine 5'-O-monophosphate, 7-methylinosine 5'-O-diphosphate, and 7-methylinosine 5'-O-triphosphate, starting from the corresponding inosine nucleotide is delineated. The present methylation reaction of inosine nucleotide utilizes dimethyl sulfate as a methylating agent and water as a solvent at room temperature. It is noteworthy that the present methylation reaction proceeds smoothly under aqueous conditions that is highly regioselective to afford exclusive 7-methylinosine nucleotide in good yields with high purity (>99.5%).
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Anilkumar R Kore
- Life Sciences Solutions Group, Thermo Fisher Scientific, Austin, Texas, USA
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Senthilvelan A, Shanmugasundaram M, Kore AR. Highly Regioselective Methylation of Guanosine Nucleotides: An Efficient Synthesis of 7-Methylguanosine Nucleotides. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2020; 79:e100. [PMID: 31756051 DOI: 10.1002/cpnc.100] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
This article describes a simple, reliable, efficient, and general method for the synthesis of 7-methylguanosine nucleotides such as 7-methylguanosine 5'-O-monophosphate (m7 GMP), 7-methylguanosine 5'-O-diphosphate (m7 GDP), 7-methyl-2'-deoxyguanosine 5'-O-triphosphate (m7 2'dGTP), and 7-methylguanosine 5'-O-triphosphate (m7 GTP) starting from the corresponding guanosine nucleotide is described. The present protocol involves methylation reaction of guanosine nucleotide using dimethyl sulfate as a methylating agent and water as a solvent at room temperature to provide the corresponding 7-methylguanosine nucleotide in good yields with high purity (>99.5%). It is noteworthy that the present methylation reaction proceeds smoothly under aqueous conditions that is highly regioselective to afford exclusive 7-methylguanosine nucleotide. © 2019 by John Wiley & Sons, Inc. Basic Protocol: Synthesis of 7-methylguanosine nucleotides.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Anilkumar R Kore
- Life Sciences Solutions Group, Thermo Fisher Scientific, Austin, Texas
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Senthilvelan A, Shanmugasundaram M, Kore AR. An efficient protection-free chemical synthesis of inosine 5'-nucleotides. Nucleosides Nucleotides Nucleic Acids 2020; 39:829-837. [PMID: 31997708 DOI: 10.1080/15257770.2019.1708388] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Abstract
A facile, straightforward, reliable, and efficient chemical synthesis of inosine nucleotides such as inosine-5'-monophosphate, inosine-5'-diphosphate, and inosine-5'-triphosphate, starting from inosine is delineated. The inosine-5'-monophosphate is achieved by the highly regioselective monophosphorylation of inosine using the Yoshikawa procedure. The inosine-5'-diphosphate is obtained by the coupling reaction of tributylammonium phosphate with an activated inosine-5'-monophosphate using zinc chloride as a catalyst. The inosine-5'-triphosphate is efficiently achieved by the improved "one-pot, three-step" Ludwig synthetic strategy. In all the cases, the resulting final product is isolated in good yields with high purity (>99.5%).
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Anilkumar R Kore
- Life Sciences Solutions Group, Thermo Fisher Scientific, Austin, TX, USA
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Shanmugasundaram M, Senthilvelan A, Kore AR. C-5 Substituted Pyrimidine Nucleotides/Nucleosides: Recent Progress in Synthesis, Functionalization, and Applications. CURR ORG CHEM 2019. [DOI: 10.2174/1385272823666190809124310] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
The chemistry of C5 substituted pyrimidine nucleotide serves as a versatile molecular
biology probe for the incorporation of DNA/RNA that has been involved in various
molecular biology applications such as gene expression, chromosome, and mRNA
fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) experiment, mutation detection on arrays and
microarrays, in situ RT-PCR, and PCR. In addition to C5 substituted pyrimidine nucleotide,
C5 substituted pyrimidine nucleoside displays a broad spectrum of biological applications
such as antibacterial, antiviral and anticancer activities. This review focusses on
the recent development in the synthesis of aminoallyl pyrimidine nucleotide, aminopropargyl
pyrimidine nucleotide, fluorescent probes containing C5 substituted pyrimidine nucleotide,
2′-deoxycytidine nucleoside containing vinylsulfonamide and acrylamide modification,
C5 alkenyl, C5 alkynyl, and C5 aryl pyrimidine nucleosides through palladium-catalyzed reaction,
pyrimidine nucleoside containing triazole moiety through Click reaction, 5-isoxazol-3-yl-pyrimidine nucleoside,
C5 azide modified pyrimidine nucleoside, 2′-deoxycytidine nucleotide containing photocleavable moiety,
and uridine nucleoside containing germane and their biological applications are outlined.
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Affiliation(s)
- Muthian Shanmugasundaram
- Life Sciences Solutions Group, Thermo Fisher Scientific, 2130 Woodward Street, Austin, TX 78744-1832, United States
| | - Annamalai Senthilvelan
- Life Sciences Solutions Group, Thermo Fisher Scientific, 2130 Woodward Street, Austin, TX 78744-1832, United States
| | - Anilkumar R. Kore
- Life Sciences Solutions Group, Thermo Fisher Scientific, 2130 Woodward Street, Austin, TX 78744-1832, United States
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Senthilvelan A, Shanmugasundaram M, Kore AR. An efficient synthesis of 3'-O-triazole modified guanosine-5'-O-monophosphate using click chemistry. Nucleosides Nucleotides Nucleic Acids 2019; 38:418-427. [PMID: 30938235 DOI: 10.1080/15257770.2018.1554223] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
First chemical synthesis of 3'-O-1,2,3-triazolyl-guanosine-5'-O-monophosphate by copper catalyzed click chemistry is described. The present cycloaddition reaction involves, in situ generation of azide from the corresponding bromide followed by copper catalyst cycloaddition with 3'-O-propargyl guanosine monophosphate in water, in the presence of catalytic amount of β-cyclodextrin. The CuAAC reaction is highly regioselective forming 1,4-cycloadduct with good yield and high purity. The final compound, 3'-O -triazole substituted guanosine monophosphate has the potential to use in various biomolecules such as labeled nucleic acids, mRNA dinucleotide cap analogs for molecular biology and their applications in the therapeutic field.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Anilkumar R Kore
- a Life Sciences Solutions Group, Thermo Fisher Scientific , Austin , TX , USA
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Shanmugasundaram M, Senthilvelan A, Kore AR. An Efficient Synthesis of 5-Aminopropargyl-Pyrimidine-5'-O-Triphosphates Through Palladium-Catalyzed Sonogashira Coupling. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2019; 77:e81. [PMID: 30883045 DOI: 10.1002/cpnc.81] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
The utilization of 5-aminopropargyl nucleotide serves as a versatile molecular biology tool for the introduction of functional groups into a nucleic acid target of interest by using in-vitro enzymatic incorporation method. This article describes a simple, reliable, general, and efficient two-step chemical method for the synthesis of 5-(3-aminopropargyl)-2'-deoxycytidine-5'-O-triphosphate, 5-(3-aminopropargyl)-cytidine-5'-O-triphosphate, 5-(3-aminopropargyl)-2'-deoxyuridine-5'-O-triphosphate, and 5-(3-aminopropargyl)-uridine-5'-O-triphosphate, starting from the corresponding pyrimidine triphosphate. The first step involves regioselective C-5 iodination of pyrimidine triphosphate using N-iodosuccinimide and sodium azide. In the second step, propargylamine is coupled to the iodo-pyrimidine using the palladium-catalyzed Sonogashira reaction, producing good yields of highly pure (>99.5% HPLC) 5-aminopropargyl-pyrimidine-5'-O-triphosphate. In this approach, the palladium-catalyzed Sonogashira coupling reaction is highly chemoselective and does not involve protection and deprotection. © 2019 by John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Anilkumar R Kore
- Life Sciences Solutions Group, Thermo Fisher Scientific, Austin, Texas
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Shanmugasundaram M, Senthilvelan A, Kore AR. Highly regio- and stereoselective Michael addition of pseudouridine with propiolates: An efficient method for the synthesis of (E)-pseudouridine-N1-acrylate. Tetrahedron Lett 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tetlet.2018.12.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
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Affiliation(s)
- Muthian Shanmugasundaram
- Life Sciences Solutions Group, Thermo Fisher Scientific, 2130 Woodward Street, Austin, TX 78744-1832, United States
| | - Annamalai Senthilvelan
- Life Sciences Solutions Group, Thermo Fisher Scientific, 2130 Woodward Street, Austin, TX 78744-1832, United States
| | - Anilkumar R. Kore
- Life Sciences Solutions Group, Thermo Fisher Scientific, 2130 Woodward Street, Austin, TX 78744-1832, United States
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Shanmugasundaram M, Senthilvelan A, Kore AR. Palladium-Catalyzed Synthesis of (E)-5-(3-Aminoallyl)-Uridine-5'-O-Triphosphates. Curr Protoc Nucleic Acid Chem 2017; 71:13.18.1-13.18.10. [PMID: 29275536 DOI: 10.1002/cpnc.42] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
This unit describes a simple, reliable, and efficient chemical method for the synthesis of 5-(3-aminoallyl)-2'-deoxyuridine-5'-O-triphosphate (AA-dUTP) and 5-(3-aminoallyl)-uridine-5'-O-triphosphate (AA-UTP), starting from the corresponding nucleoside triphosphate. The presented strategy involves regioselective iodination of nucleoside triphosphate using N-iodosuccinimide followed by the palladium-catalyzed Heck coupling with allylamine to provide the corresponding (E)-5-aminoallyl-uridine-5'-O-triphosphate in good yields. It is noteworthy that the protocol not only provides a high-purity product but also eliminates the use of toxic mercuric reagents. © 2017 by John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Anilkumar R Kore
- Life Sciences Solutions Group, Thermo Fisher Scientific, Austin, Texas
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22
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Shanmugasundaram M, Senthilvelan A, Kore AR. Gram-Scale Chemical Synthesis of Base-Modified Ribonucleoside-5'-O-Triphosphates. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2016; 67:13.15.1-13.15.10. [PMID: 27911496 DOI: 10.1002/cpnc.20] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Abstract
This unit delineates a simple, reliable, straight-forward, general, and efficient chemical method for the synthesis of modified nucleoside-5'-O-triphosphates such as 5-methylcytidine-5'-O-triphosphate (5-Me-CTP), pseudouridine-5'-O-triphosphate (pseudo-UTP), and N1 -methylpseudouridine-5'-O-triphosphate (N1 -methylpseudo-UTP), starting from the corresponding nucleoside. The reaction utilizes an improved protection-free "one-pot, three-step" Ludwig synthetic strategy that involves the monophosphorylation of the nucleoside with phosphorous oxychloride followed by reaction with tributylammonium pyrophosphate and subsequent hydrolysis of the resulting cyclic intermediate to furnish the corresponding ribonucleoside triphosphate (NTP) in moderate yields. It is noteworthy that the reaction affords high purity (>99.5%) NTPs after DEAE Sepharose column purification. © 2016 by John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Anilkumar R Kore
- Life Sciences Solutions Group, Thermo Fisher Scientific, Austin, Texas
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23
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Shanmugasundaram M, Senthilvelan A, Xiao Z, Kore AR. An Efficient Protection-Free One-Pot Chemical Synthesis of Modified Nucleoside-5'-Triphosphates. Nucleosides Nucleotides Nucleic Acids 2016; 35:356-62. [PMID: 27159048 DOI: 10.1080/15257770.2016.1163382] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
A simple, reliable, and an efficient "one-pot, three step" chemical method for the synthesis of modified nucleoside triphosphates such as 5-methylcytidine-5'-triphosphate (5-MeCTP), pseudouridine-5'-triphosphate (pseudoUTP) and N(1)-methylpseudouridine-5'-triphosphate (N(1)-methylpseudoUTP) starting from the corresponding nucleoside is described. The overall reaction involves the monophosphorylation of nucleoside, followed by the reaction with pyrophosphate and subsequent hydrolysis of the cyclic intermediate to furnish the corresponding NTP in moderate yields with high purity (>99.5%).
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Zejun Xiao
- a Life Sciences Solutions Group, Thermo Fisher Scientific , Austin , Texas , USA
| | - Anilkumar R Kore
- a Life Sciences Solutions Group, Thermo Fisher Scientific , Austin , Texas , USA
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24
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Kore AR, Yang B, Srinivasan B, Senthilvelan A. Concise and efficient synthesis of 3'-O-tetraphosphates of 2'-deoxyadenosine and 2'-deoxycytidine. Nucleosides Nucleotides Nucleic Acids 2015; 34:33-9. [PMID: 25513862 DOI: 10.1080/15257770.2014.955193] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Abstract
We describe concise and efficient synthesis of biologically very important 3'-O-tetraphosphates namely 2'-deoxyadenosine-3'-O-tetraphosphate (2'-d-3'-A4P) and 2'-deoxycytidine-3'-O-tetra-phosphate (2'-d-3'-C4P). N(6)-benzoyl-5'-O-levulinoyl-2'-deoxyadenosine was converted into N(6)-benzoyl-5'-O-levulinoyl-2'-deoxyadenosine-3'-O-tetraphosphate in 87% yield using a one-pot synthetic methodology. One-step concurrent deprotection of N(6)-benzoyl and 5'-O-levulinoyl groups using concentrated aqueous ammonia resulted 2'-d-3'-A4P in 74% yield. The same synthetic strategy was successfully employed to convert N(4)-benzoyl-5'-O-levulinoyl-2'-deoxycytidine into 2'-d-3'-C4P in 68% yield.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anilkumar R Kore
- a Life Sciences Solutions Group, Thermo Fisher Scientific , Austin , Texas , USA
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25
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Kore AR, Senthilvelan A, Shanmugasundaram M, Sandoval D, Pardo A. A new efficient stereoselective method for the synthesis of (E)-5-aminoallyl-pyrimidine-5'-triphosphates using palladium-catalyzed Heck reaction. Nucleosides Nucleotides Nucleic Acids 2015; 34:221-8. [PMID: 25710357 DOI: 10.1080/15257770.2014.978013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
An efficient overall two-step strategy for the synthesis of (E)-5-aminoallyl-pyrimidine-5'-triphoshate, starting from commercially available pyrimidine-5'-triphosphate is described. The method involves regioselective iodination of pyrimidine-5'-triphosphate, followed by the palladium-catalyzed Heck coupling with allylamine. The catalytic reaction is highly stereoselective and compatible with many functional groups present in the reactants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anilkumar R Kore
- a Life Sciences Solutions Group , Thermo Fisher Scientific , Austin , TX , USA
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26
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Kore AR, Senthilvelan A, Shanmugasundaram M. Highly regioselective C-5 iodination of pyrimidine nucleotides and subsequent chemoselective Sonogashira coupling with propargylamine. Nucleosides Nucleotides Nucleic Acids 2015; 34:92-102. [PMID: 25621703 DOI: 10.1080/15257770.2014.964411] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Abstract
An efficient C-5 iodination of pyrimidine-5'-triphosphates and subsequent palladium-catalyzed Sonogashira coupling reaction with propargylamine is described. The iodination reaction is highly regioselective and the coupling reaction is highly chemoselective that furnishes exclusive 5-(3-aminopropargyl)-pyrimidine-5'-triphosphate in good yield with high purity (>99%).
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Affiliation(s)
- Anilkumar R Kore
- a Thermo Fisher Scientific , Bioorganic Chemistry Division , Austin , TX , USA
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27
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Kore AR, Senthilvelan A, Srinivasan B, Shanmugasundaram M. Facile protection-free one-pot chemical synthesis of nucleoside-5'-tetraphosphates. Nucleosides Nucleotides Nucleic Acids 2014; 32:411-20. [PMID: 23895352 DOI: 10.1080/15257770.2013.805219] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
Abstract
A new, straightforward, reliable, and convenient protection-free one-pot method for the synthesis of 2'-deoxynucleoside-5'-tetraphosphate and ribonucleoside-5'-tetraphosphate is reported. The present synthetic strategy involves the monophosphorylation of a nucleoside followed by reaction with tris-(tri-n-butylammonium) triphosphate and subsequent hydrolysis of the putative cyclic tetrametaphosphate intermediate to provide nucleoside-5'-tetraphosphate in moderate yield with high purity. A plausible mechanism is proposed to account for the formation of product.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anilkumar R Kore
- Bioorganic Chemistry Division, Life Technologies Corporation, Austin, Texas 78744-1832, USA.
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Kore AR, Senthilvelan A, Srinivasan B, Shanmugasundaram M. Facile protection-free one-pot synthesis of 7-deaza-2′-deoxyguanosine-5′-triphosphate — A versatile molecular biology probe. CAN J CHEM 2013. [DOI: 10.1139/cjc-2013-0052] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
Abstract
A simple, straightforward, reliable, and efficient protection-free “one-pot, three-step” chemical synthesis of 7-deaza-2′-deoxyguanosine-5′-triphosphate (7-deaza-dGTP) is described. The reaction involves monophosphorylation of 7-deaza-2′-deoxyguanosine using phosphorous oxychloride as the phosphorylating agent, followed by reaction with tributylammonium pyrophosphate, and subsequent hydrolysis affords 7-deaza-2′-deoxyguanosine-5′-triphosphate in a 52% yield with high purity (>99.9%).
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Affiliation(s)
- Anilkumar R. Kore
- Life Technologies Corporation, Bioorganic Chemistry Division, 2130 Woodward Street, Austin, TX 78744-1832, USA
| | - Annamalai Senthilvelan
- Life Technologies Corporation, Bioorganic Chemistry Division, 2130 Woodward Street, Austin, TX 78744-1832, USA
| | - Balasubramanian Srinivasan
- Life Technologies Corporation, Bioorganic Chemistry Division, 2130 Woodward Street, Austin, TX 78744-1832, USA
| | - Muthian Shanmugasundaram
- Life Technologies Corporation, Bioorganic Chemistry Division, 2130 Woodward Street, Austin, TX 78744-1832, USA
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29
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Kore AR, Xiao Z, Senthilvelan A, Charles I, Shanmugasundaram M, Mukundarajan S, Srinivasan B. An efficient synthesis of pyrimidine specific 2'-deoxynucleoside-5'-tetraphosphates. Nucleosides Nucleotides Nucleic Acids 2012; 31:567-73. [PMID: 22849648 DOI: 10.1080/15257770.2012.703358] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
Abstract
An efficient chemical synthesis of pyrimidine specific 2'-deoxynucleoside-5'-tetraphosphates, such as 2'-deoxycytidine-5'-tetraphosphate (dC4P) and thymidine-5'-tetraphosphate (T4P) is described. The present three-step synthetic strategy involves monophosphorylation of 2'-deoxynucleoside using phosphorous oxychloride, conversion of 5'-monophosphate into the corresponding imidazolide salt, followed by reaction with tris[tributylammonium] triphosphate leading to the 2'-deoxynucleoside-5'-tetraphosphate in good yields.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anilkumar R Kore
- Bioorganic Chemistry Division, Life Technologies Inc., Austin, TX 78744–1832, USA.
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30
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Kore AR, Shanmugasundaram M, Senthilvelan A, Srinivasan B. An improved protection-free one-pot chemical synthesis of 2'-deoxynucleoside-5'-triphosphates. Nucleosides Nucleotides Nucleic Acids 2012; 31:423-31. [PMID: 22497257 DOI: 10.1080/15257770.2012.670739] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
Abstract
A facile, straightforward, reliable, and an efficient method for the gram-scale chemical synthesis of both purine deoxynucleotides such as 2 '-deoxyguanosine-5 '-triphosphate (dGTP) and 2 '-deoxyadenosine-5 '-triphosphate (dATP) and pyrimidine deoxynucleotides such as 2 '-deoxycytidine-5 '-triphosphate (dCTP), thymidine-5 '-triphosphate (TTP), and 2 '-deoxyuridine-5 '-triphosphate (dUTP) starting from the corresponding nucleoside is described. This improved "one-pot, three step" Ludwig synthetic strategy involves the monophosphorylation of nucleoside followed by reaction with tributylammonium pyrophosphate and hydrolysis of the resulting cyclic intermediate to provide the corresponding dNTP in good yields (65%-70%).
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Affiliation(s)
- Anilkumar R Kore
- Life Technologies Corporation, Bioorganic Chemistry Division, Austin, Texas 78744-1832, USA.
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31
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Kore AR, Senthilvelan A, Shanmugasundaram M. A new, facile, and protection-free one-pot chemical synthesis of 2′-deoxynucleoside-5′-tetraphosphates. Tetrahedron Lett 2012. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tetlet.2012.08.071] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
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32
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Kore AR, Shanmugasundaram M, Senthilvelan A, Srinivasan B. Gram-scale chemical synthesis of 2'-deoxynucleoside-5'-o-triphosphates. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2012; Chapter 13:Unit13.10. [PMID: 22700336 DOI: 10.1002/0471142700.nc1310s49] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
A simple, straightforward, reliable, and efficient method for the chemical synthesis of sodium salt of 2'-deoxynucleoside-5'-O-triphosphates (dNTPs), starting from the corresponding nucleoside, is described. This improved "one-pot, three-step" synthetic strategy involves the monophosphorylation of nucleoside, followed by reaction with tributylammonium pyrophosphate and hydrolysis of the resulting cyclic intermediate to provide the corresponding dNTP in good yields (65% to 70%). It is noteworthy that the protocol holds good for both the purine deoxynucleotides, such as 2'-deoxyguanosine-5'-O-triphosphate (dGTP) and 2'-deoxyadenosine-5'-O-triphosphate (dATP), and pyrimidine deoxynucleotides, such as 2'-deoxycytidine-5'-O-triphosphate (dCTP), thymidine-5'-O-triphosphate (TTP), and 2'-deoxyuridine-5'-O-triphosphate (dUTP).
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Affiliation(s)
- Anilkumar R Kore
- Bioorganic Chemistry Division, Life Technologies Corporation, Austin, Texas, USA
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33
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Kore AR, Senthilvelan A, Shanmugasundaram M. Highly chemoselective palladium-catalyzed Sonogashira coupling of 5-iodouridine-5′-triphosphates with propargylamine: a new efficient method for the synthesis of 5-aminopropargyl-uridine-5′-triphosphates. Tetrahedron Lett 2012. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tetlet.2012.04.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
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Senthilvelan A, Ho IT, Chang KC, Lee GH, Liu YH, Chung WS. Cooperative Recognition of a Copper Cation and Anion by a Calix[4]arene Substituted at the Lower Rim by a β-Amino-α,β-Unsaturated Ketone. Chemistry 2009; 15:6152-60. [DOI: 10.1002/chem.200802654] [Citation(s) in RCA: 103] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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Abstract
A novel fluorescent on-off switchable chemosensor 1 with two different types of cationic binding sites is synthesized, which is composed of a triazole-modified calix[4]crown in the 1,3-alternate conformation. Among 15 metal ions examined, the fluorescence of 1 was strongly quenched by Hg2+, Cu2+, Cr3+, and Pb2+; however, the revival of emission from the strongly quenched 1.Pb2+ complex was achievable by the addition of K+, Ba2+, or Zn2+ ions. Thus, metal ion exchange can trigger an on-off switchable fluorescent chemosensor.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kai-Chi Chang
- Department of Applied Chemistry, National Chiao-Tung University, Hsinchu, 30050, Taiwan, Republic of China
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Abstract
A novel fluorescent on-off switchable chemosensor 1 with two different types of cationic binding sites is synthesized, which is composed of a triazole-modified calix[4]crown in the 1,3-alternate conformation. Among 15 metal ions examined, the fluorescence of 1 was strongly quenched by Hg2+, Cu2+, Cr3+, and Pb2+; however, the revival of emission from the strongly quenched 1.Pb2+ complex was achievable by the addition of K+, Ba2+, or Zn2+ ions. Thus, metal ion exchange can trigger an on-off switchable fluorescent chemosensor.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kai-Chi Chang
- Department of Applied Chemistry, National Chiao-Tung University, Hsinchu, 30050, Taiwan, Republic of China
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37
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Shiao YJ, Chiang PC, Senthilvelan A, Tsai MT, Lee GH, Chung WS. Capping the upper and lower rims of calix[4]arenes by aryl dinitrile oxide reactions. Tetrahedron Lett 2006. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tetlet.2006.09.070] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
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38
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Ramakrishnan V, Aruna S, Senthilvelan A, Thirumalai D. Synthesis and Photocyclization of 1,2,4-Triazole-3-thiones. SYNTHESIS-STUTTGART 2006. [DOI: 10.1055/s-2006-950301] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
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39
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Senthilvelan A, Lee GH, Chung WS. A novel photoinduced ring opening and isomerization of adamantane-2-spiro isoxazolines using Mo(CO)6. Tetrahedron Lett 2006. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tetlet.2006.07.156] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
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40
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Senthilvelan A, Thirumalai D, Ramakrishnan V. Photochemical synthesis of benzoxazolo[3,2-b]isoquinolin-11-one and isoquinolino[3,2-b][1,3]benzoxazin-11-one under basic conditions. Tetrahedron 2005. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tet.2005.02.068] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
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Senthilvelan A, Ramakrishnan VT. A new photochemical synthesis of benzoxazolo[3,2-b]isoquinolin-11-one and isoquinolino[3,2-b][1,3]benzoxazin-11-one. Tetrahedron Lett 2002. [DOI: 10.1016/s0040-4039(02)01955-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
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Subbiah Pandi A, Rajakannan V, Velmurugan D, Parvez M, Kim MJ, Senthilvelan A, Narasinga Rao S. Three tetrahydroisoquinolinedione derivatives. Acta Crystallogr C 2002; 58:o164-7. [PMID: 11870315 DOI: 10.1107/s0108270102000896] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2002] [Accepted: 01/16/2002] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
N-(2-Chlorobenzyl)-1,2,3,4-tetrahydroisoquinoline-1,3-dione, C(16)H(12)ClNO(2), crystallizes in P2(1)/n with three crystallographically independent molecules in the asymmetric unit, which differ slightly in conformation, N-(2-bromo-4-methylphenyl)-1,2,3,4-tetrahydroisoquinoline-1,3-dione, C(16)H(12)BrNO(2), crystallizes in P2(1)/n with one molecule in the asymmetric unit and N-(2,3-dichlorophenyl)-1,2,3,4-tetrahydroisoquinoline-1,3-dione, C(15)H(9)Cl(2)NO(2), crystallizes in P2(1)/c with one molecule in the asymmetric unit. In all three structures, the heterocyclic rings adopt approximately planar conformations. The pyridine rings are orthogonal to the substituted phenyl rings. In all three structures, the crystal packing is stabilized by intermolecular C-H...O hydrogen bonds.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Subbiah Pandi
- Department of Crystallography and Biophysics, University of Madras, Guindy Campus, Chennai 600 025, India
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Rajakannan V, Govindasamy L, Velmurugan D, Sekar K, Senthilvelan A, Shanmuga Sundara Raj S, Fun HK. The Crystal Structure of 4-(2-Chlorobenzyl)-5-phenyl-1,2,4-triazole. Cryst Res Technol 2002. [DOI: 10.1002/1521-4079(200202)37:2/3<301::aid-crat301>3.0.co;2-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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Chinnakali K, Fun HK, Senthilvelan A, Sriraghavan K, Ramakrishnan VT. 4-(4-Methylphenyl)-3-phenyl-4 H-1,2,4-triazole. Acta Crystallogr C 1999. [DOI: 10.1107/s0108270199002693] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
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47
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Chinnakali K, Fun HK, Senthilvelan A, Sriraghavan K, Ramakrishnan VT. Ethyl 1-(2-chlorophenyl)-4,6-dimethyl-2-thioxo-1,2,3,4-tetrahydropyrimidine-5-carboxylate. Acta Crystallogr C 1999. [DOI: 10.1107/s0108270199099734] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
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48
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Chinnakali K, Fun HK, Senthilvelan A, Ramakrishnan VT. 3,4-Bis(2-chlorophenyl)-1,2,4-1 H-triazole-5(4 H)-thione. Acta Crystallogr C 1999. [DOI: 10.1107/s0108270199099813] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/03/2023] Open
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