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Ghanim AM, Rezq S, Ibrahim TS, Romero DG, Kothayer H. Novel 1,2,4-triazine-quinoline hybrids: The privileged scaffolds as potent multi-target inhibitors of LPS-induced inflammatory response via dual COX-2 and 15-LOX inhibition. Eur J Med Chem 2021; 219:113457. [PMID: 33892270 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2021.113457] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2021] [Revised: 03/31/2021] [Accepted: 04/05/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Based on the observed pharmacophoric structural features for the reported dual COX/15-LOX inhibitors and inspired by the abundance of COX/LOX inhibitory activities reported for the 1,2,4-triazine and quinoline scaffolds, we designed and synthesized novel 1,2,4-triazine-quinoline hybrids (8a-n). The synthesized hybrids were evaluated in vitro as dual COXs/15-LOX inhibitors. The new triazine-quinoline hybrids (8a-n) exhibited potent COX-2 inhibitory profiles (IC50 = 0.047-0.32 μM, SI ∼ 20.6-265.9) compared to celecoxib (IC50 = 0.045 μM, SI ∼ 326). Moreover, they revealed potent inhibitory activities against 15-LOX enzyme compared to reference quercetin (IC50 = 1.81-3.60 vs. 3.34 μM). Hybrid 8e was the most potent and selective dual COX-2/15-LOX inhibitor (COX-2 IC50 = 0.047 μM, SI = 265.9, 15-LOX IC50 = 1.81 μM). These hybrids were further challenged by their ability to inhibit NO, ROS, TNF-α, IL-6 inflammatory mediators, and 15-LOX product, 15-HETE, production in LPS-activated RAW 264.7 macrophages cells. Compound 8e was the most potent hybrid in reducing ROS and 15-HETE levels showing IC50 values of 1.02 μM (11-fold more potent than that of celecoxib, IC50 = 11.75 μM) and 0.17 μM (about 43 times more potent than celecoxib, IC50 = 7.46 μM), respectively. Hybrid 8h exhibited an outstanding TNF-α inhibition with IC50 value of 0.40 μM which was about 25 times more potent than that of celecoxib and diclofenac (IC50 = 10.69 and 10.27 μM, respectively). Docking study of the synthesized hybrids into the active sites of COX-2 and 15-LOX enzymes ensures their favored binding affinity. To our knowledge, herein we reported the first 1,2,4-triazine-quinoline hybrids as dual COX/15-LOX inhibitors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amany M Ghanim
- Department of Pharmaceutical Organic Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Zagazig University, Zagazig, 44519, Egypt
| | - Samar Rezq
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Zagazig University, Egypt; Departments of Cell and Molecular Biology, University of Mississippi Medical Center, Jackson, MS, USA; Mississippi Center for Excellence in Perinatal Research, University of Mississippi Medical Center, Jackson, MS, USA; Women's Health Research Center, University of Mississippi Medical Center, Jackson, MS, USA; Cardio Renal Research Center, University of Mississippi Medical Center, Jackson, MS, USA
| | - Tarek S Ibrahim
- Department of Pharmaceutical Organic Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Zagazig University, Zagazig, 44519, Egypt; Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, 21589, Saudi Arabia
| | - Damian G Romero
- Departments of Cell and Molecular Biology, University of Mississippi Medical Center, Jackson, MS, USA; Mississippi Center for Excellence in Perinatal Research, University of Mississippi Medical Center, Jackson, MS, USA; Women's Health Research Center, University of Mississippi Medical Center, Jackson, MS, USA; Cardio Renal Research Center, University of Mississippi Medical Center, Jackson, MS, USA
| | - Hend Kothayer
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Zagazig University, Egypt.
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Marzi M, Pourshamsian K, Hatamjafari F, Shiroudi A, Oliaey AR. Synthesis of New N-Benzoyl-N'-Triazine Thiourea Derivatives and Their Antibacterial Activity. RUSSIAN JOURNAL OF BIOORGANIC CHEMISTRY 2019. [DOI: 10.1134/s106816201905008x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
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