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Bisneto PF, Vilhena da Silva Neto A, Mota Cordeiro JS, Monteiro WM, de Almeida Gonçalves Sachett J. Does Covid-19 influence the dynamics of envenomation by animals in a country strongly affected by both conditions? Epidemiological data from Brazil. Toxicon 2024; 244:107776. [PMID: 38795850 DOI: 10.1016/j.toxicon.2024.107776] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2023] [Revised: 05/20/2024] [Accepted: 05/21/2024] [Indexed: 05/28/2024]
Abstract
The impact of Covid-19 on envenomations by venomous animals in countries heavily affected by both conditions has not been quantified yet. Brazil shows high incidence of envenomations by scorpions, spiders and snakes and was heavily affected by waves of Covid-19. To determine how the pandemic impacted the epidemiology of envenomations by those three groups of venomous animals, we used online databases from two surveillance sources on number of cases and mortality. During the years before and during the pandemic, scorpion stings typically occurred in adults of both sexes in urban zones in the Southeast and Northeast regions. Spider bites occurred mainly in the South region, in adults of both sexes in urban zone. Snakebites affected mainly rural adult men in the Amazon. Between 2007 and 2021, overall incidence of cases by scorpions, spiders and snakes decreased after the beginning of the pandemic, snakebites did not show changes after the pandemic started in Brazil, but cases by scorpions and spiders decreased. No changes in the incidence of deaths were observed. On national level, Covid-19 affected some demographic, clinical and epidemiological aspects in cases by scorpions, spiders and snakes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pedro Ferreira Bisneto
- Fundação de Medicina Tropical Doutor Heitor Vieira Dourado, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Medicina Tropical, Manaus, Amazonas, Brazil; Fundação de Medicina Tropical Doutor Heitor Vieira Dourado, Diretoria de Ensino e Pesquisa, Manaus, Amazonas, Brazil.
| | - Alexandre Vilhena da Silva Neto
- Fundação de Medicina Tropical Doutor Heitor Vieira Dourado, Diretoria de Ensino e Pesquisa, Manaus, Amazonas, Brazil; Escola Superior de Ciências da Saúde, Universidade do Estado do Amazonas, Manaus, Amazonas, Brazil
| | - Jady Shayenne Mota Cordeiro
- Fundação de Medicina Tropical Doutor Heitor Vieira Dourado, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Medicina Tropical, Manaus, Amazonas, Brazil
| | - Wuelton Marcelo Monteiro
- Fundação de Medicina Tropical Doutor Heitor Vieira Dourado, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Medicina Tropical, Manaus, Amazonas, Brazil; Fundação de Medicina Tropical Doutor Heitor Vieira Dourado, Diretoria de Ensino e Pesquisa, Manaus, Amazonas, Brazil; Escola Superior de Ciências da Saúde, Universidade do Estado do Amazonas, Manaus, Amazonas, Brazil
| | - Jacqueline de Almeida Gonçalves Sachett
- Fundação de Medicina Tropical Doutor Heitor Vieira Dourado, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Medicina Tropical, Manaus, Amazonas, Brazil; Fundação de Medicina Tropical Doutor Heitor Vieira Dourado, Diretoria de Ensino e Pesquisa, Manaus, Amazonas, Brazil; Escola Superior de Ciências da Saúde, Universidade do Estado do Amazonas, Manaus, Amazonas, Brazil
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Fakhar M, Alian S, Soleymani M, Zakariaei A, Nourzad F, Zakariaei Z. Massive dermal ulcerative lesions due to brown recluse spider bite: a rare case report and review of literature. J Int Med Res 2023; 51:3000605231157284. [PMID: 37565672 PMCID: PMC10691315 DOI: 10.1177/03000605231157284] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/12/2023] Open
Abstract
A brown recluse spider (BRS) bite is challenging to confirm, but may be clinically diagnosed by considering the location, the season of the year, and the clinical manifestations. Here, the case of a 26-year-old male who presented after an insect bite with a skin lesion, bruising, severe swelling, and diffuse blisters on the right lower extremity after three days, is described. Following clinical examination, patient history assessment, and consideration of other relevant factors, the patient received a differential diagnosis of necrotizing fasciitis caused by BRS bite. Although spider bite poisoning is rare, proper diagnosis and management are important because, in some cases, the outcomes may be devastating.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mahdi Fakhar
- Iranian National Registry Centre for Lophomoniasis and Toxoplasmosis, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Sari, Iran
| | - Shahriar Alian
- Antimicrobial Resistance Research Centre, Department of Infectious Diseases, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Sari, Iran
| | - Mostafa Soleymani
- Iranian National Registry Centre for Lophomoniasis and Toxoplasmosis, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Sari, Iran
| | - Ashkan Zakariaei
- Student Research Committee, Babol Branch, Islamic Azad University, Babol, Iran
| | - Fatemeh Nourzad
- Toxicology Ward, Qaemshahr Razi Hospital, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Sari, Iran
| | - Zakaria Zakariaei
- Toxicology and Forensic Medicine Division, Mazandaran Registry Centre for Opioids Poisoning, Antimicrobial Resistance Research Centre, Imam Khomeini Hospital, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Sari, Iran
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Fakhar M, Alian S, Zakariaei A, Nourzad F, Zakariaei Z. Massive dermal ulcerative lesions because of brown recluse spider bite: a rare case report and review of literature. J Surg Case Rep 2023; 2023:rjad357. [PMID: 37360745 PMCID: PMC10284676 DOI: 10.1093/jscr/rjad357] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2023] [Accepted: 05/31/2023] [Indexed: 06/28/2023] Open
Abstract
A brown recluse spider (BRS) bite is challenging to confirm, but can be clinically diagnosed by considering the location, the season of the year and the clinical manifestations. We described a 26-year-old male who presented after a BRS bite with a skin lesion, bruising, severe swelling and diffuse blisters on the right lower extremity after 3 days. This case should be considered in the differential diagnosis of necrotizing fasciitis. Although spider bite poisoning is rare, proper diagnosis and management are important because, in some cases, it can have devastating outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mahdi Fakhar
- Iranian National Registry Center for Lophomoniasis and Toxoplasmosis, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Sari, Iran
| | - Shahriar Alian
- Antimicrobial Resistance Research Center, Department of Infectious Diseases, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Sari, Iran
| | - Ashkan Zakariaei
- Student Research Committee, Babol Branch, Islamic Azad University, Babol, Iran
| | - Fatemeh Nourzad
- Toxicology Ward, Qaemshahr Razi Hospital, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Sari, Iran
| | - Zakaria Zakariaei
- Correspondence address. Toxicology and Forensic Medicine Division, Mazandaran Registry Center for Opioids Poisoning, Antimicrobial Resistance Research Center, Imam Khomeini Hospital, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, PO Box 48166-33131, Sari, Iran. Tel/Fax: 981133357916; E-mail:
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Multiple drugs. REACTIONS WEEKLY 2022. [PMCID: PMC9073421 DOI: 10.1007/s40278-022-14731-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
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