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do Valle Wuo A, Klein S, de Almeida P, Marcos RL, de Souza Setubal Destro MF, de Fátma DT, Horliana ACRT, Lino-Dos-Santos-Franco A. Prenatal programming of the immune response induced by maternal periodontitis: Effects on the development of acute lung injury in rat pups. Life Sci 2020; 260:118309. [PMID: 32841664 DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2020.118309] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2020] [Revised: 08/10/2020] [Accepted: 08/18/2020] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
AIMS Oral cavity pathogens play an important systemic role, modulating the development of several diseases. Periodontitis is a very common oral disease associated with dental biofilm. It is characterized by gum inflammation, periodontal ligament degeneration, dental cementum and alveolar bone loss. Studies point to the association between maternal periodontitis and adverse outcomes during pregnancy. However, they did not evaluate the impact of maternal periodontitis in the offspring. Thus, our objective was to investigate the effects of maternal periodontitis in the immune system of offspring. MATERIAL AND METHODS For this evaluation we induced acute lung injury in rat pups. Pregnant rats were submitted or not to periodontitis by ligature technique. Thirty days after the birth, offspring was submitted to acute lung inflammation by administration of lipopolysaccharide (LPS, Salmonella abortus equi, 5 mg/kg, ip). KEY FINDINGS Our results showed that maternal periodontitis increased myeloperoxidase activity, the levels of TNF-alpha and IL-17A in the bronchoalveolar fluid, the gene expression of TNF-alpha, IL-17A, and cyclooxygenases 1 and 2. In addition, maternal periodontitis did not alter the number of leukocytes migrated into the lung, tracheal responsiveness, expression of TLR4 and NF-KB translocation. SIGNIFICANCE This study showed prenatal programming of the immune response induced by maternal periodontitis, and reinforces the importance of oral health care during pregnancy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexandre do Valle Wuo
- Post Graduate Program in Biophotonics Applied to Health Sciences, University Nove de Julho (UNINOVE), São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Simone Klein
- Post Graduate Program in Biophotonics Applied to Health Sciences, University Nove de Julho (UNINOVE), São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Patrícia de Almeida
- Post Graduate Program in Biophotonics Applied to Health Sciences, University Nove de Julho (UNINOVE), São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Rodrigo Labat Marcos
- Post Graduate Program in Biophotonics Applied to Health Sciences, University Nove de Julho (UNINOVE), São Paulo, Brazil
| | | | - Daniela Teixeira de Fátma
- Post Graduate Program in Biophotonics Applied to Health Sciences, University Nove de Julho (UNINOVE), São Paulo, Brazil
| | | | - Adriana Lino-Dos-Santos-Franco
- Post Graduate Program in Biophotonics Applied to Health Sciences, University Nove de Julho (UNINOVE), São Paulo, Brazil.
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Schapochnik A, da Silva MR, Leal MP, Esteves J, Hebeda CB, Sandri S, de Fátima Teixeira da Silva D, Farsky SHP, Marcos RL, Lino-Dos-Santos-Franco A. Vitamin D treatment abrogates the inflammatory response in paraquat-induced lung fibrosis. Toxicol Appl Pharmacol 2018; 355:60-67. [PMID: 29944852 DOI: 10.1016/j.taap.2018.06.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2018] [Revised: 06/21/2018] [Accepted: 06/22/2018] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
A high incidence of intentional or accidental paraquat (PQ) ingestion is related to irreversible lung fibrosis and no effective therapy is currently available. Vitamin D has emerged with promising results as an immunomodulatory molecule when abrogating the inflammatory responses of lung diseases. Therefore, we have investigated the role of vitamin D treatments on PQ-induced lung fibrosis in male C57/BL6 mice. Lung fibrosis was induced by a single injection of PQ (10 mg/kg; i.p.). The control group received PQ vehicle. Seven days later, after the PQ injection or the vehicle injection, the mice received vitamin D (5 μg/kg, i.p., once a day) or vehicle, for a further 7 days. Twenty-four hours after the last dose of vitamin D or the vehicle, the analysis were performed. The vitamin D treatments reduced the number of leukocytes in their BALF and they decreased the IL-6, IL-17, TGF-beta and MMP-9 levels and the abrogated collagenase deposits in their lung tissues. Conversely, the vitamin D treatments increased the resolvin D levels in their BALF. Moreover, their tracheal contractility was also significantly reduced by the vitamin D treatments. Altogether, the data that was obtained showed a promising use of vitamin D, in treating the lung fibrosis that had been induced by the PQ intoxications. This may improve its prognostic use for a non-invasive and low cost therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adriana Schapochnik
- Post Graduate Program in Biophotonics Applied to Health Sciences, University Nove de Julho (UNINOVE), São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Marcia Rodrigues da Silva
- Post Graduate Program in Biophotonics Applied to Health Sciences, University Nove de Julho (UNINOVE), São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Mayara Peres Leal
- Post Graduate Program in Biophotonics Applied to Health Sciences, University Nove de Julho (UNINOVE), São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Janete Esteves
- Post Graduate Program in Biophotonics Applied to Health Sciences, University Nove de Julho (UNINOVE), São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Cristina Bichels Hebeda
- Department of Clinical and Toxicological Analyses, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Silvana Sandri
- Department of Clinical and Toxicological Analyses, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | | | - Sandra Helena Poliseli Farsky
- Department of Clinical and Toxicological Analyses, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Rodrigo Labat Marcos
- Post Graduate Program in Biophotonics Applied to Health Sciences, University Nove de Julho (UNINOVE), São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Adriana Lino-Dos-Santos-Franco
- Post Graduate Program in Biophotonics Applied to Health Sciences, University Nove de Julho (UNINOVE), São Paulo, Brazil.
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Zager A, Brandão WN, Margatho RO, Peron JP, Tufik S, Andersen ML, Kornum BR, Palermo-Neto J. The wake-promoting drug Modafinil prevents motor impairment in sickness behavior induced by LPS in mice: Role for dopaminergic D1 receptor. Prog Neuropsychopharmacol Biol Psychiatry 2018; 81:468-476. [PMID: 28499899 DOI: 10.1016/j.pnpbp.2017.05.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2016] [Revised: 04/04/2017] [Accepted: 05/08/2017] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
The wake-promoting drug Modafinil has been used for many years for treatment of Narcolepsy and Excessive Daytime Sleepiness, due to a dopamine-related psychostimulant action. Recent studies have indicated that Modafinil prevents neuroinflammation in animal models. Thus, the aim of the present study was to evaluate the effect of Modafinil pretreatment in the Lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced sickness and depressive-like behaviors. Adult male C57BL/6J mice were pretreated with Vehicle or Modafinil (90mg/Kg) and, 30min later, received a single saline or LPS (2mg/Kg) administration, and were submitted to the open field and elevated plus maze test 2h later. After 24h, mice were subjected to tail suspension test, followed by either flow cytometry with whole brain for CD11b+CD45+ cells or qPCR in brain areas for cytokine gene expression. Modafinil treatment prevented the LPS-induced motor impairment, anxiety-like and depressive-like behaviors, as well as the increase in brain CD11b+CD45high cells induced by LPS. Our results indicate that Modafinil pretreatment also decreased the IL-1β gene upregulation caused by LPS in brain areas, which is possibly correlated with the preventive behavioral effects. The pharmacological blockage of the dopaminergic D1R by the drug SCH-23390 counteracted the effect of Modafinil on locomotion and anxiety-like behavior, but not on depressive-like behavior and brain immune cells. The dopaminergic D1 receptor signaling is essential to the Modafinil effects on LPS-induced alterations in locomotion and anxiety, but not on depression and brain macrophages. This evidence suggests that Modafinil treatment might be useful to prevent inflammation-related behavioral alterations, possibly due to a neuroimmune mechanism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adriano Zager
- Neuroimmunomodulation Research Group, Department of Pathology, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of São Paulo (USP), São Paulo, Brazil.
| | - Wesley Nogueira Brandão
- Neuroimmune Interactions Laboratory, Department of Immunology, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, University of São Paulo (USP), São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Rafael Oliveira Margatho
- Neuroimmunomodulation Research Group, Department of Pathology, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of São Paulo (USP), São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Jean Pierre Peron
- Neuroimmune Interactions Laboratory, Department of Immunology, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, University of São Paulo (USP), São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Sergio Tufik
- Department of Psychobiology, Universidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP-EPM), São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Monica Levy Andersen
- Department of Psychobiology, Universidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP-EPM), São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Birgitte Rahbek Kornum
- Molecular Sleep Laboratory, Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Glostrup Research Institute-Rigshospitalet, Glostrup, Denmark
| | - João Palermo-Neto
- Neuroimmunomodulation Research Group, Department of Pathology, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of São Paulo (USP), São Paulo, Brazil
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Zager A, Brandão WN, Margatho RO, Cruz DSG, Peron JP, Tufik S, Andersen ML, Moresco M, Pizza F, Plazzi G, Kornum BR, Palermo-Neto J. Increased interferon-mediated immunity following in vitro and in vivo Modafinil treatment on peripheral immune cells. Prog Neuropsychopharmacol Biol Psychiatry 2018; 81:297-305. [PMID: 28919446 DOI: 10.1016/j.pnpbp.2017.09.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2017] [Revised: 08/07/2017] [Accepted: 09/12/2017] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
The wake-promoting drug Modafinil has been used for treatment of sleep disorders, such as Narcolepsy, excessive daytime sleepiness and sleep apnea, due to its stimulant action. Despite the known effect of Modafinil on brain neurochemistry, particularly on brain dopamine system, recent evidence support an immunomodulatory role for Modafinil treatment in neuroinflammatory models. Here, we aimed to study the effects of in vitro and in vivo Modafinil treatment on activation, proliferation, cell viability, and cytokine production by immune cells in splenocytes culture from mice. The results show that in vitro treatment with Modafinil increased Interferon (IFN)-γ, Interleukin (IL)-2 and IL-17 production and CD25 expression by T cells. In turn, in vivo Modafinil treatment enhanced splenocyte production of IFN-γ, IL-6 and tumor necrosis factor (TNF), and increased the number of IFN-γ producing cells. Next, we addressed the translational value of the observed effects by testing PBMCs from Narcolepsy type 1 patients that underwent Modafinil treatment. We reported increased number of IFN-γ producing cells in PBMCs from Narcolepsy type 1 patients following continuous Modafinil treatment, corroborating our animal data. Taken together, our results show, for the first time, a pro-inflammatory action of Modafinil, particularly on IFN-mediated immunity, in mice and in patients with Narcolepsy type 1. The study suggests a novel effect of this drug treatment, which should be taken into consideration when given concomitantly with an ongoing inflammatory or autoimmune process.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adriano Zager
- Neuroimmunomodulation Research Group, Department of Pathology, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of São Paulo (USP), São Paulo, Brazil; Molecular Sleep Laboratory, Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Glostrup Research Institute, Rigshospitalet, Glostrup, Denmark.
| | - Wesley Nogueira Brandão
- Neuroimmune Interactions Laboratory, Department of Immunology, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, University of São Paulo (USP), São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Rafael Oliveira Margatho
- Neuroimmunomodulation Research Group, Department of Pathology, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of São Paulo (USP), São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Daniel Sanzio Gimenes Cruz
- Neuroimmunomodulation Research Group, Department of Pathology, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of São Paulo (USP), São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Jean Pierre Peron
- Neuroimmune Interactions Laboratory, Department of Immunology, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, University of São Paulo (USP), São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Sergio Tufik
- Department of Psychobiology, Universidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP-EPM), São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Monica Levy Andersen
- Department of Psychobiology, Universidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP-EPM), São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Monica Moresco
- Department of Biomedical and Neuromotor Sciences (DIBINEM), University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | - Fabio Pizza
- Department of Biomedical and Neuromotor Sciences (DIBINEM), University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy; Institute of the Neurological Sciences IRCCS, ASL di Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Plazzi
- Department of Biomedical and Neuromotor Sciences (DIBINEM), University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy; Institute of the Neurological Sciences IRCCS, ASL di Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | - Birgitte Rahbek Kornum
- Molecular Sleep Laboratory, Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Glostrup Research Institute, Rigshospitalet, Glostrup, Denmark
| | - João Palermo-Neto
- Neuroimmunomodulation Research Group, Department of Pathology, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of São Paulo (USP), São Paulo, Brazil
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Ochoa-Amaya JE, Queiroz-Hazarbassanov N, Namazu LB, Calefi AS, Tobaruela CN, Margatho R, Palermo-Neto J, Ligeiro de Oliveira AP, Felicio LF. Short-Term Hyperprolactinemia Reduces the Expression of Purinergic P2X7 Receptors during Allergic Inflammatory Response of the Lungs. Neuroimmunomodulation 2018; 25:34-41. [PMID: 29874677 DOI: 10.1159/000489312] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2017] [Accepted: 04/04/2018] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE We have previously shown that domperidone-induced short-term hyperprolactinemia reduces the lung's allergic inflammatory response in an ovalbumin antigenic challenge model. Since purinergic receptor P2X7R activity leads to proinflammatory cytokine release and is possibly related to the pathogenesis of allergic respiratory conditions, the present study was designed to investigate a possible involvement of purinergic and prolactin receptors in this phenomenon. METHODS To induce hyperprolactinemia, domperidone was injected intraperitoneally in rats at a dose of 5.1 mg × kg-1 per day for 5 days. P2X7 expression was evaluated by lung immunohistochemistry while prolactin receptor expression in bronchoalveolar lavage leukocytes was analyzed through flow cytometry. RESULTS Previous reports demonstrated that rats subjected to short-term hyperprolactinemia exhibited a decrease in leukocyte counts in bronchoalveolar lavage, especially granulocytes. Here, it is revealed that hyperprolactinemia promotes an increased expression of prolactin receptors in granulocytes. Also, increased expression of purinergic P2X7R observed in allergic animals was significantly reduced by hyperprolactinemia. CONCLUSIONS Both purinergic and prolactin receptor expression changes occur during the anti-asthmatic effect of hyperprolactinemia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Julieta E Ochoa-Amaya
- Departamento de Patologia da Faculdade de Medicina Veterinária da Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
- Facultad de Ciencias Agropecuarias y Recursos Naturales, Programa de Medicina Veterinaria y Zootecnia, Universidad de los Llanos, Villavicencio, Colombia
| | | | - Lilian B Namazu
- Departamento de Patologia da Faculdade de Medicina Veterinária da Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Atilio S Calefi
- Departamento de Patologia da Faculdade de Medicina Veterinária da Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Carla N Tobaruela
- Departamento de Patologia da Faculdade de Medicina Veterinária da Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Rafael Margatho
- Departamento de Patologia da Faculdade de Medicina Veterinária da Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - João Palermo-Neto
- Departamento de Patologia da Faculdade de Medicina Veterinária da Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Ana P Ligeiro de Oliveira
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Biofotônica Aplicada às Ciências da Saúde, Universidade Nove de Julho, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Luciano F Felicio
- Departamento de Patologia da Faculdade de Medicina Veterinária da Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
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Attenuated allergic inflammatory response in the lungs during lactation. Life Sci 2016; 151:281-287. [PMID: 26979776 DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2016.03.027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2015] [Revised: 03/08/2016] [Accepted: 03/11/2016] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
AIMS To evaluate the influence of lactation on lung immune function during allergic inflammation. MAIN METHODS Female rats, 60-90days old, were divided into three groups: no lung allergy virgins (N group), ovalbumin (OVA)-immunized and sensitized virgins (V group), and OVA-immunized and sensitized lactating females (L group). On gestation day (GD) 10, all animals in L group received a subcutaneous injection of 0.1mg·kg(-1) OVA plus aluminum hydroxide. On GD17, the L group received a subcutaneous booster injection of 10μg OVA plus 10mg aluminum hydroxide. After 7days, an inhalatory challenge with 1% OVA was given in 15min sessions for 3 consecutive days. Animals from the V group received the same treatment, meaning both tests and time intervals between OVA treatment and inhalatory challenge were the same as in the L group. Twenty-four hours after the last inhalation session, the animals were euthanized, and the following tests were performed: total and differential bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL) and femoral marrow lavage (FML) leukocyte counts, quantification of tumor necrosis factor α (TNF-α) and interferon γ (IFN-γ) levels in BAL fluid, and quantification of plasma corticosterone and catecholamine levels. KEY FINDINGS The L group presented lower BAL total leukocyte counts and decreases in the number of eosinophils and macrophages compared with the V group. They also expressed higher BAL IFN-γ and lower plasma corticosterone levels. Plasma norepinephrine levels were higher in the L group than in the N and V groups. SIGNIFICANCE Lactating female rats presented less intense allergic lung inflammation. Our findings suggest that lactation may protect females from asthmatic crises.
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7
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Ochoa-Amaya JE, Hamasato EK, Tobaruela CN, Queiroz-Hazarbassanov N, Anselmo Franci JA, Palermo-Neto J, Greiffo FR, de Britto AA, Vieira RP, Ligeiro de Oliveira AP, Massoco CDO, Felicio LF. Short-term hyperprolactinemia decreases allergic inflammatory response of the lungs. Life Sci 2015; 142:66-75. [PMID: 26477293 DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2015.10.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2015] [Revised: 10/11/2015] [Accepted: 10/14/2015] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
Abstract
AIMS Prolactin is a major immunomodulator. The present study evaluated the effects of short-term hyperprolactinemia induced by domperidone before ovalbumin antigenic challenge on the lung's allergic inflammatory response. MAIN METHODS To induce hyperprolactinemia, domperidone was injected in rats at a dose of 5.1mg·kg(-1) per day, i.p., for 5days from 10th to 14th day after OVA immunization. Total and differential leukocyte counts from bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL), femoral marrow lavage (FML), and blood were analyzed. The percentages of mucus and collagen production were evaluated. Levels of corticosterone and prolactin in serum, interleukin-4 (IL-4), IL-6, IL-10, tumor necrosis factor α (TNF-α) in lung explants supernatants were measured and interferon gamma (IFN-γ) in bronchiolar lavage cells suspensions (BAL) was measured. KEY FINDINGS The rats that were subjected to short-term hyperprolactinemia exhibited a decrease in leukocyte counts in bronchoalveolar lavage, cellularity decrease in femoral marrow lavage fluid, a lower percentage of mucus, and an increase in lung IL-4, IL-6, IL-10, TNF-α and IFN-γ expression. SIGNIFICANCE Hyperprolactinemia induced before antigenic challenge decreased allergic lung inflammation. These data suggest that prolactin may play a role in the pathophysiology of asthma. The present study demonstrates a prospective beneficial side effect of domperidone for asthmatic patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Julieta E Ochoa-Amaya
- Departamento de Patologia da Faculdade de Medicina Veterináriae Zootecnia da Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, SP, Brazil; Facultad de Ciencias Agropecuarias y Recursos Naturales, Programa de Medicina Veterinaria y Zootecnia, Universidad de los Llanos, Villavicencio, Colombia
| | - Eduardo K Hamasato
- Departamento de Patologia da Faculdade de Medicina Veterináriae Zootecnia da Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - Carla N Tobaruela
- Departamento de Patologia da Faculdade de Medicina Veterináriae Zootecnia da Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - Nicolle Queiroz-Hazarbassanov
- Departamento de Patologia da Faculdade de Medicina Veterináriae Zootecnia da Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - Janete A Anselmo Franci
- Laboratório de Neuroendocrinologia da Reprodução, Universidade de São Paulo, Faculdade de Odontologia de Ribeirão Preto, São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - João Palermo-Neto
- Departamento de Patologia da Faculdade de Medicina Veterináriae Zootecnia da Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - Flavia R Greiffo
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Biofotônica Aplicada às Ciências da Saúde, Universidade Nove de Julho, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Auriléia Aparecida de Britto
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Biofotônica Aplicada às Ciências da Saúde, Universidade Nove de Julho, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Rodolfo Paula Vieira
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Biofotônica Aplicada às Ciências da Saúde, Universidade Nove de Julho, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Ana P Ligeiro de Oliveira
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Biofotônica Aplicada às Ciências da Saúde, Universidade Nove de Julho, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Cristina de O Massoco
- Departamento de Patologia da Faculdade de Medicina Veterináriae Zootecnia da Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - Luciano F Felicio
- Departamento de Patologia da Faculdade de Medicina Veterináriae Zootecnia da Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, SP, Brazil.
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Abstract
Illicit stimulants, such as cocaine, amphetamine, and their derivatives (e.g., "ecstasy"), continue to exact heavy toll on health care in both developed and developing countries. The US Department of Health and Human Service reported over one million illicit drug-related emergency department visits in 2010, which was higher than any of the six previous years. Both inhaled and intravenous forms of these substances of abuse can result in a variety of acute and chronic injuries to practically every part of the respiratory tract, leading potentially to permanent morbidities as well as fatal consequences--including but not limited to nasal septum perforation, pulmonary hypertension, pneumothorax, pneumomediastinum, interstitial lung disease, alveolar hemorrhage, reactive airway disease, pulmonary edema, pulmonary granulomatosis, infections, foreign body aspiration, infections, bronchoconstriction, and thermal injuries. Stimulants are all rapidly absorbed substances that can also significantly alter the patient's systemic acid-base balance and central nervous system, thereby leading to further respiratory compromise. Mounting evidence in the past decade has demonstrated that adulterants coinhaled with these substances (e.g., levamisole) and the metabolites of these substances (e.g., cocaethylene) are associated with specific forms of systemic and respiratory complications as well. Recent studies have also demonstrated the effects of stimulants on autoimmune-mediated injuries of the respiratory tract, such as cocaine-induced midline destructive lesions. A persistent challenge to studies involving stimulant-associated respiratory toxidromes is the high prevalence of concomitant usage of various substances by drug abusers, including tobacco smoking. Now more than ever, health care providers must be familiar with the multitude of respiratory toxidromes as well as the diverse pathophysiology related to commonly abused stimulants to provide timely diagnosis and effective treatment.
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Hamasato EK, Ligeiro de Oliveira AP, Lino-dos-Santos-Franco A, Ribeiro A, Ferraz de Paula V, Peron JPS, Damazo AS, Tavares-de-Lima W, Palermo-Neto J. Effects of MK-801 and amphetamine treatments on allergic lung inflammatory response in mice. Int Immunopharmacol 2013; 16:436-43. [DOI: 10.1016/j.intimp.2013.04.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2013] [Revised: 03/28/2013] [Accepted: 04/08/2013] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
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Ligeiro de Oliveira AP, Lino-dos-Santos-Franco A, Acceturi BG, Hamasato EK, Machado ID, Gimenes Júnior JA, Vieira RDP, Damazo AS, Farsky SHP, Tavares-de-Lima W, Palermo-Neto J. Long-term amphetamine treatment exacerbates inflammatory lung reaction while decreases airway hyper-responsiveness after allergic stimulus in rats. Int Immunopharmacol 2012; 14:523-9. [PMID: 23026442 DOI: 10.1016/j.intimp.2012.09.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/26/2012] [Revised: 07/02/2012] [Accepted: 09/14/2012] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Asthma is an allergic lung disease can be modulated by drugs that modify the activity of central nervous system (CNS) such as amphetamine (AMPH). AMPH is a highly abused drug that exerts potent effects on behavior and immunity. In this study we investigated the mechanism involved in the effects of long-term AMPH treatment on the increased magnitude of allergic lung response. We evaluated mast cells degranulation, cytokines release, airways responsiveness and, expression of adhesion molecules. Male Wistar rats were treated with AMPH or vehicle (PBS) for 21 days and sensitized with ovalbumin (OVA) one week after the first injection of vehicle or AMPH. Fourteen days after the sensitization, the rats were challenged with an OVA aerosol, and 24h later their parameters were analyzed. In allergic rats, the treatment with AMPH exacerbated the lung cell recruitment due increased expression of ICAM-1, PECAM-1 and Mac-1 in granulocytes and macrophages recovered from bronchoalveolar lavage. Elevated levels of IL-4, but decreased levels of IL-10 were also found in samples of lung explants after AMPH treatment. Conversely, the ex-vivo tracheal hyper-responsiveness to methacholine (MCh) was reduced by AMPH treatment, whereas the force contraction of tracheal segments due to in vitro antigen challenge remained unaltered. Our findings suggest that lung inflammation and airway hyper-responsiveness due to OVA challenge are under the distinct control of AMPH during long-term treatment. Our data strongly indicate that AMPH positively modulates allergic lung inflammation via the increase of ICAM-1, PECAM-1, Mac-1 and IL-4. AMPH also abrogates the release of the anti-inflammatory cytokine IL-10.
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11
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In vivo hydroquinone exposure causes tracheal hyperresponsiveness due to TNF secretion by epithelial cells. Toxicol Lett 2012; 211:10-7. [DOI: 10.1016/j.toxlet.2012.02.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2012] [Revised: 02/22/2012] [Accepted: 02/23/2012] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
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12
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Stankevicius D, Ferraz-de-Paula V, Ribeiro A, Pinheiro ML, Ligeiro de Oliveira AP, Damazo AS, Lapachinske SF, Moreau RLM, Tavares de Lima W, Palermo-Neto J. 3,4-methylenedioxymethamphetamine (ecstasy) decreases inflammation and airway reactivity in a murine model of asthma. Neuroimmunomodulation 2012; 19:209-19. [PMID: 22441537 DOI: 10.1159/000334098] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2011] [Accepted: 09/28/2011] [Indexed: 01/17/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE 3,4-Methylenedioxymethamphetamine (MDMA), or ecstasy, is a synthetic drug used recreationally, mainly by young people. It has been suggested that MDMA has a Th cell skewing effect, in which Th1 cell activity is suppressed and Th2 cell activity is increased. Experimental allergic airway inflammation in ovalbumin (OVA)-sensitized rodents is a useful model to study Th2 response; therefore, based on the Th2 skewing effect of MDMA, we studied MDMA in a model of allergic lung inflammation in OVA-sensitized mice. METHODS We evaluated cell trafficking in the bronchoalveolar lavage fluid, blood and bone marrow; cytokine production; L-selectin expression and lung histology. We also investigated the effects of MDMA on tracheal reactivity in vitro and mast cell degranulation. RESULTS We found that MDMA given prior to OVA challenge in OVA-sensitized mice decreased leukocyte migration into the lung, as revealed by a lower cell count in the bronchoalveolar lavage fluid and lung histologic analysis. We also showed that MDMA decreased expression of both Th2-like cytokines (IL-4, IL-5 and IL-10) and adhesion molecules (L-selectin). Moreover, we showed that the hypothalamus-pituitary-adrenal axis is partially involved in the MDMA-induced reduction in leukocyte migration into the lung. Finally, we showed that MDMA decreased tracheal reactivity to methacholine as well as mast cell degranulation in situ. CONCLUSIONS Thus, we report here that MDMA given prior to OVA challenge in OVA-sensitized allergic mice is able to decrease lung inflammation and airway reactivity and that hypothalamus-pituitary-adrenal axis activation is partially involved. Together, the data strongly suggest an involvement of a neuroimmune mechanism in the effects of MDMA on lung inflammatory response and cell recruitment to the lungs of allergic animals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel Stankevicius
- Department of Pharmacology, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
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