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Wu Y, Zhu M, Ouyang X, Qi X, Guo Z, Yuan Y, Dang Z, Yin H. Integrated transcriptomics and metabolomics analyses reveal the aerobic biodegradation and molecular mechanisms of 2,3',4,4',5-pentachlorodiphenyl (PCB 118) in Methylorubrum sp. ZY-1. CHEMOSPHERE 2024; 356:141921. [PMID: 38588902 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2024.141921] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2024] [Revised: 03/18/2024] [Accepted: 04/04/2024] [Indexed: 04/10/2024]
Abstract
2,3',4,4',5-pentachlorodiphenyl (PCB 118), a highly representative PCB congener, has been frequently detected in various environments, garnering much attention across the scientific community. The degradation of highly chlorinated PCBs by aerobic microorganisms is challenging due to their hydrophobicity and persistence. Herein, the biodegradation and adaptation mechanisms of Methylorubrum sp. ZY-1 to PCB 118 were comprehensively investigated using an integrative approach that combined degradation performance, product identification, metabolomic and transcriptomic analyses. The results indicated that the highest degradation efficiency of 0.5 mg L-1 PCB 118 reached 75.66% after seven days of inoculation when the bacteria dosage was 1.0 g L-1 at pH 7.0. A total of eleven products were identified during the degradation process, including low chlorinated PCBs, hydroxylated PCBs, and ring-opening products, suggesting that strain ZY-1 degraded PCB 118 through dechlorination, hydroxylation, and ring-opening pathways. Metabolomic analysis demonstrated that the energy supply and redox metabolism of strain ZY-1 was disturbed with exposure to PCB 118. To counteract this environmental stress, strain ZY-1 adjusted both the fatty acid synthesis and purine metabolism. The analysis of transcriptomics disclosed that multiple intracellular and extracellular oxidoreductases (e.g., monooxygenase, alpha/beta hydrolase and cytochrome P450) participated in the degradation of PCB 118. Besides, active efflux of PCB 118 and its degradation intermediates mediated by multiple transporters (e.g., MFS transporter and ABC transporter ATP-binding protein) might enhance bacterial resistance against these substances. These discoveries provided the inaugural insights into the biotransformation of strain ZY-1 to PCB 118 stress, illustrating its potential in the remediation of contaminated environments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuxuan Wu
- School of Environment and Energy, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, 510006, China
| | - Minghan Zhu
- School of Environment and Energy, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, 510006, China
| | - Xiaofang Ouyang
- School of Environment and Energy, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, 510006, China
| | - Xin Qi
- School of Environment and Energy, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, 510006, China
| | - Zhanyu Guo
- School of Environment and Energy, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, 510006, China
| | - Yibo Yuan
- School of Environment and Energy, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, 510006, China
| | - Zhi Dang
- School of Environment and Energy, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, 510006, China; Key Laboratory of Ministry of Education on Pollution Control and Ecosystem Restoration in Industry Clusters, Guangzhou, 510006, China; Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Solid Wastes Pollution Control and Recycling, Guangzhou, 510006, China
| | - Hua Yin
- School of Environment and Energy, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, 510006, China; Key Laboratory of Ministry of Education on Pollution Control and Ecosystem Restoration in Industry Clusters, Guangzhou, 510006, China; Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Solid Wastes Pollution Control and Recycling, Guangzhou, 510006, China.
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Wang Z, Zhang Y, Liao Z, Huang M, Shui X. The potential of aryl hydrocarbon receptor as receptors for metabolic changes in tumors. Front Oncol 2024; 14:1328606. [PMID: 38434684 PMCID: PMC10904539 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2024.1328606] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/06/2023] [Accepted: 01/29/2024] [Indexed: 03/05/2024] Open
Abstract
Cancer cells can alter their metabolism to meet energy and molecular requirements due to unfavorable environments with oxygen and nutritional deficiencies. Therefore, metabolic reprogramming is common in a tumor microenvironment (TME). Aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AhR) is a ligand-activated nuclear transcription factor, which can be activated by many exogenous and endogenous ligands. Multiple AhR ligands can be produced by both TME and tumor cells. By attaching to various ligands, AhR regulates cancer metabolic reprogramming by dysregulating various metabolic pathways, including glycolysis, lipid metabolism, and nucleotide metabolism. These regulated pathways greatly contribute to cancer cell growth, metastasis, and evading cancer therapies; however, the underlying mechanisms remain unclear. Herein, we review the relationship between TME and metabolism and describe the important role of AhR in cancer regulation. We also focus on recent findings to discuss the idea that AhR acts as a receptor for metabolic changes in tumors, which may provide new perspectives on the direction of AhR research in tumor metabolic reprogramming and future therapeutic interventions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhiying Wang
- Laboratory of Vascular Surgery, Affiliated Hospital of Guangdong Medical University, Zhanjiang, Guangdong, China
| | - Yuanqi Zhang
- Department of Breast Surgery, Affiliated Hospital of Guangdong Medical University, Zhanjiang, Guangdong, China
| | - Zhihong Liao
- Laboratory of Vascular Surgery, Affiliated Hospital of Guangdong Medical University, Zhanjiang, Guangdong, China
| | - Mingzhang Huang
- Laboratory of Vascular Surgery, Affiliated Hospital of Guangdong Medical University, Zhanjiang, Guangdong, China
| | - Xiaorong Shui
- Laboratory of Vascular Surgery, Affiliated Hospital of Guangdong Medical University, Zhanjiang, Guangdong, China
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3
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Zhao H, Jiang R, Feng Z, Wang X, Zhang C. Transcription factor LHX9 (LIM Homeobox 9) enhances pyruvate kinase PKM2 activity to induce glycolytic metabolic reprogramming in cancer stem cells, promoting gastric cancer progression. J Transl Med 2023; 21:833. [PMID: 37980488 PMCID: PMC10657563 DOI: 10.1186/s12967-023-04658-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2023] [Accepted: 10/25/2023] [Indexed: 11/20/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Glycolytic metabolic reprogramming is a phenomenon in which cells undergo altered metabolic patterns during malignant transformation, mainly involving various aspects of glycolysis, electron transport chain, oxidative phosphorylation, and pentose phosphate pathway. This reprogramming phenomenon can be used as one of the markers of tumorigenesis and development. Pyruvate kinase is the third rate-limiting enzyme in the sugar metabolism process by specifically catalyzing the irreversible conversion of PEP to pyruvate. PURPOSE This study aimed to reveal the critical mediator(s) that regulate glycolytic metabolism reprogramming in gastric cancer and their underlying molecular mechanism and then explore the molecular mechanisms by which LHX9 may be involved in regulating gastric cancer (GC) progression. METHODS Firstly, we downloaded the GC and glycolysis-related microarray datasets from TCGA and MSigDB databases and took the intersection to screen out the transcription factor LHX9 that regulates GC glycolytic metabolic reprogramming. Software packages were used for differential analysis, single gene predictive analysis, and Venn diagram. In addition, an enrichment analysis of the glycolytic pathway was performed. Immunohistochemical staining was performed for LHX9 and PKM2 protein expression in 90 GC patients, and the association between their expressions was evaluated by Spearman's correlation coefficient method. Three human GC cell lines (AGS, NCI-N87, HGC-27) were selected for in vitro experimental validation. Flow cytometry was utilized to determine the stem cell marker CD44 expression status in GCSCs. A sphere formation assay was performed to evaluate the sphere-forming capabilities of GCSCs. In addition, RT-qPCR and Western blot experiments were employed to investigate the tumor stem cell markers OCT4 and SOX2 expression levels in GCSCs. Furthermore, a lentiviral expression vector was constructed to assess the impact of downregulating LHX9 or PKM2 on the glycolytic metabolic reprogramming of GCSCs. The proliferation, migration, and invasion of GCSCs were then detected by CCK-8, EdU, and Transwell assays. Subsequently, the mutual binding of LHX9 and PKM2 was verified using chromatin immunoprecipitation and dual luciferase reporter genes. In vivo experiments were verified by establishing a subcutaneous transplantation tumor model in nude mice, observing the size and volume of tumors in vivo in nude mice, and obtaining fresh tissues for subsequent experiments. RESULTS Bioinformatics analysis revealed that LHX9 might be involved in the occurrence and development of GC through regulating glycolytic metabolism. High LHX9 expression could be used as a reference marker for prognosis prediction of GC patients. Clinical tissue assays revealed that LHX9 and PKM2 were highly expressed in GC tissues. Meanwhile, GC tissues also highly expressed glycolysis-associated protein GLUT1 and tumor cell stemness marker CD44. In vitro cellular assays showed that LHX9 could enhance its activity and induce glycolytic metabolic reprogramming in GCSCs through direct binding to PKM2. In addition, the knockdown of LHX9 inhibited PKM2 activity and glycolytic metabolic reprogramming and suppressed the proliferation, migration, and invasive ability of GCSCs. In vivo animal experiments further confirmed that the knockdown of LHX9 could reduce the tumorigenic ability of GCSCs in nude mice by inhibiting PKM2 activity and glycolytic metabolic reprogramming. CONCLUSION The findings suggest that both LHX9 and PKM2 are highly expressed in GCs, and LHX9 may induce the reprogramming of glycolytic metabolism through transcriptional activation of PKM2, enhancing the malignant biological properties of GCSCs and ultimately promoting GC progression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hongying Zhao
- Department of Oncology, Xuzhou City Cancer Hospital, Xuzhou Third People's Hospital, Jiangsu Province, Xuzhou Hospital Affiliated to Jiangsu University, No. 131, Huancheng Road, Gulou District, Xuzhou, 221000, People's Republic of China.
| | - Rongke Jiang
- Department of Oncology, Xuzhou City Cancer Hospital, Xuzhou Third People's Hospital, Jiangsu Province, Xuzhou Hospital Affiliated to Jiangsu University, No. 131, Huancheng Road, Gulou District, Xuzhou, 221000, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhijing Feng
- Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, 212013, People's Republic of China
| | - Xue Wang
- Department of Oncology, Xuzhou City Cancer Hospital, Xuzhou Third People's Hospital, Jiangsu Province, Xuzhou Hospital Affiliated to Jiangsu University, No. 131, Huancheng Road, Gulou District, Xuzhou, 221000, People's Republic of China
| | - Chunmei Zhang
- Department of Oncology, Xuzhou City Cancer Hospital, Xuzhou Third People's Hospital, Jiangsu Province, Xuzhou Hospital Affiliated to Jiangsu University, No. 131, Huancheng Road, Gulou District, Xuzhou, 221000, People's Republic of China
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Narduzzi L, Hernández-Mesa M, Vincent P, Guitton Y, García-Campaña AM, Le Bizec B, Dervilly G. Deeper insights into the effects of low dietary levels of polychlorinated biphenyls on pig metabolism using gas chromatography-high resolution mass spectrometry metabolomics. CHEMOSPHERE 2023; 341:140048. [PMID: 37660801 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2023.140048] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2023] [Revised: 08/28/2023] [Accepted: 09/01/2023] [Indexed: 09/05/2023]
Abstract
Polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) are a class of contaminants of great concern, linked to the development of many chronic diseases. Adverse effects of PCBs have been documented in humans after accidental and massive exposure. However, little is known about the effect of chronic exposure to low-dose PCB mixtures, and studies regarding scattered lifetime exposures to non-dioxin-like (NDL)-PCBs are especially missing. In this work, serum samples from pigs chronically exposed through their diet during 22 days to Aroclor 1260 (i.e. a commercially available mixture of NDL-PCBs) underwent a metabolomics analysis using gas chromatography-high resolution mass spectrometry (GC-HRMS), with the objective to investigate the effect of exposure to low doses of NDL-PCBs (few ng/kg body weight (b.w.) per day). The study showed that the serum profiles of 84 metabolites are significantly altered by the administration of Aroclor 1260, of which 40 could be identified at level 1. The aggregate interpretation of the results of this study, together with the outcome of a previous one involving LC-HRMS profiling, provided a substantial and concise overview of the effect of low dose exposure to NDL-PCBs, reflecting the hepatotoxic and neurotoxic effects already reported in literature at higher and longer exposures. These results are intended to contribute to the debate on the current toxicological reference values for these substances.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luca Narduzzi
- Oniris, INRAE, LABERCA, Nantes, 44300, France; Department of Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Sciences, University of Granada, Av. Fuentenueva s/n, Granada, E-18071, Spain
| | - Maykel Hernández-Mesa
- Oniris, INRAE, LABERCA, Nantes, 44300, France; Department of Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Sciences, University of Granada, Av. Fuentenueva s/n, Granada, E-18071, Spain.
| | | | | | - Ana M García-Campaña
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Sciences, University of Granada, Av. Fuentenueva s/n, Granada, E-18071, Spain
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Sun J, Yang X, Sun H, Huang S, An H, Xu W, Chen W, Zhao W, He C, Zhong X, Li T, Liu Y, Wen B, Du Q, He S. Baicalin inhibits hepatocellular carcinoma cell growth and metastasis by suppressing ROCK1 signaling. Phytother Res 2023; 37:4117-4132. [PMID: 37246830 DOI: 10.1002/ptr.7873] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2022] [Revised: 04/21/2023] [Accepted: 05/03/2023] [Indexed: 05/30/2023]
Abstract
Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is a common malignancy affecting many people worldwide. Baicalin is a flavonoid extracted from the dried root of Scutellaria baicalensis Georgi. It can effectively inhibit the occurrence and development of HCC. Nonetheless, the mechanism through which Baicalin inhibits HCC growth and metastasis remain unknown. This work discovered that Baicalin inhibited HCC cell proliferation, invasion, metastasis while inducing cell cycle arrest at the G0/G1 phase and apoptosis. In vivo HCC xenograft results indicated that Baicalin inhibited HCC growth. Western blotting analysis indicated that Baicalin suppressed the expressions of ROCK1, p-GSK-3β, and β-catenin, whereas it up-regulated the expressions of GSK-3β and p-β-catenin. Baicalin also reduced the expressions of Bcl-2, C-myc, Cyclin D1, MMP-9, and VEGFA, while increasing the expression of Bax. Molecular docking revealed that Baicalin docked in the binding site of the ROCK1 agonist, with a binding energy of -9 kcal/mol between the two. In addition, lentivirus-mediated suppression of ROCK1 expression improved the inhibitory effect of Baicalin on the proliferation, invasion, and metastasis of HCC and the expression of proteins associated with ROCK1/GSK-3β/β-catenin signaling pathway. Moreover, restoring ROCK1 expression decreased the anti-HCC efficacy of Baicalin. These findings suggest that Baicalin may decrease HCC proliferation and metastasis by suppressing ROCK1/GSK-3β/β-catenin signaling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jialing Sun
- Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
- Department of Hepatology, Shenzhen Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital, The Fourth Clinical Medical College of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China
| | - Xuemei Yang
- Affiliated Zhuhai Hospital, Southern Medical University (Zhuhai Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine), Zhuhai, Guangdong, China
| | - Haitao Sun
- Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
- School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Shaohui Huang
- School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Haiyan An
- School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Wei Xu
- School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Weicong Chen
- School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Wenting Zhao
- School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Chunyu He
- School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Xiaodan Zhong
- School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Tong Li
- School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Yang Liu
- School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Bin Wen
- Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine, The Air Force Hospital Of Southern Theater Command, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Qingfeng Du
- School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Songqi He
- Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
- School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
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De La Torre KM, Lee Y, Safar A, Laws MJ, Meling DD, Thompson LM, Streifer M, Weis KE, Raetzman LT, Gore AC, Flaws JA. Prenatal and postnatal exposure to polychlorinated biphenyls alter follicle numbers, gene expression, and a proliferation marker in the rat ovary. Reprod Toxicol 2023; 120:108427. [PMID: 37400041 PMCID: PMC10528725 DOI: 10.1016/j.reprotox.2023.108427] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2023] [Revised: 05/15/2023] [Accepted: 06/20/2023] [Indexed: 07/05/2023]
Abstract
Polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) were used in industrial applications until they were banned in the 1970s, but they still persist in the environment. Little is known about the long-term effects of exposure to PCB mixtures on the rat ovary during critical developmental periods. Thus, this study tested whether prenatal and postnatal exposures to PCBs affect follicle numbers and gene expression in the ovaries of F1 offspring. Sprague-Dawley rats were treated with vehicle or Aroclor 1221 (A1221) at 1 mg/kg/day during embryonic days 8-18 and/or postnatal days (PND) 1-21. Ovaries from F1 rats were collected for assessment of follicle numbers and differential expression of estrogen receptor 1 (Esr1), estrogen receptor 2 (Esr2), androgen receptor (Ar), progesterone receptor (Pgr), and Ki-67 (Ki67) at PNDs 8, 32, and 60. Sera were collected for measurement of estradiol concentrations. Prenatal exposure to A1221 significantly decreased the number of primordial follicles and the total number of follicles at PND 32 compared to control. Postnatal PCB exposure borderline increased Ki67 gene expression and significantly increased Ki67 protein levels (PND 60) compared to control. Combined prenatal and postnatal PCB exposure borderline decreased Ar expression (PND 8) compared to control. However, PCB exposure did not significantly affect the expression of Pgr, Esr1, and Esr2 or serum estradiol concentrations compared to control at any time point. In conclusion, these data suggest that PCB exposure affects follicle numbers and levels of the proliferation marker Ki67, but it does not affect expression of some sex steroid hormone receptors in the rat ovary.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kathy M De La Torre
- Department of Comparative Biosciences, University of Illinois, Urbana, IL, USA
| | - Yuna Lee
- Department of Comparative Biosciences, University of Illinois, Urbana, IL, USA
| | - Adira Safar
- Department of Comparative Biosciences, University of Illinois, Urbana, IL, USA
| | - Mary J Laws
- Department of Comparative Biosciences, University of Illinois, Urbana, IL, USA
| | - Daryl D Meling
- Department of Comparative Biosciences, University of Illinois, Urbana, IL, USA
| | - Lindsay M Thompson
- Division of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Texas, Austin, TX, USA
| | - Madeline Streifer
- Division of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Texas, Austin, TX, USA
| | - Karen E Weis
- Department of Molecular and Integrative Physiology, University of Illinois, Urbana, IL, USA
| | - Lori T Raetzman
- Department of Molecular and Integrative Physiology, University of Illinois, Urbana, IL, USA
| | - Andrea C Gore
- Division of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Texas, Austin, TX, USA
| | - Jodi A Flaws
- Department of Comparative Biosciences, University of Illinois, Urbana, IL, USA.
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Rajesh R, Atallah R, Bärnthaler T. Dysregulation of metabolic pathways in pulmonary fibrosis. Pharmacol Ther 2023; 246:108436. [PMID: 37150402 DOI: 10.1016/j.pharmthera.2023.108436] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2023] [Revised: 04/28/2023] [Accepted: 05/03/2023] [Indexed: 05/09/2023]
Abstract
Idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF) is a chronic progressive disorder of unknown origin and the most common interstitial lung disease. It progresses with the recruitment of fibroblasts and myofibroblasts that contribute to the accumulation of extracellular matrix (ECM) proteins, leading to the loss of compliance and alveolar integrity, compromising the gas exchange capacity of the lung. Moreover, while there are therapeutics available, they do not offer a cure. Thus, there is a pressing need to identify better therapeutic targets. With the advent of transcriptomics, proteomics, and metabolomics, the cellular mechanisms underlying disease progression are better understood. Metabolic homeostasis is one such factor and its dysregulation has been shown to impact the outcome of IPF. Several metabolic pathways involved in the metabolism of lipids, protein and carbohydrates have been implicated in IPF. While metabolites are crucial for the generation of energy, it is now appreciated that metabolites have several non-metabolic roles in regulating cellular processes such as proliferation, signaling, and death among several other functions. Through this review, we succinctly elucidate the role of several metabolic pathways in IPF. Moreover, we also discuss potential therapeutics which target metabolism or metabolic pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rishi Rajesh
- Division of pharmacology, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria
| | - Reham Atallah
- Division of pharmacology, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria
| | - Thomas Bärnthaler
- Division of pharmacology, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria.
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8
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Cholico GN, Orlowska K, Fling RR, Sink WJ, Zacharewski NA, Fader KA, Nault R, Zacharewski T. Consequences of reprogramming acetyl-CoA metabolism by 2,3,7,8-tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin in the mouse liver. Sci Rep 2023; 13:4138. [PMID: 36914879 PMCID: PMC10011583 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-31087-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2022] [Accepted: 03/06/2023] [Indexed: 03/14/2023] Open
Abstract
2,3,7,8-Tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin (TCDD) is a persistent environmental contaminant that induces the progression of steatosis to steatohepatitis with fibrosis in mice. Furthermore, TCDD reprograms hepatic metabolism by redirecting glycolytic intermediates while inhibiting lipid metabolism. Here, we examined the effect of TCDD on hepatic acetyl-coenzyme A (acetyl-CoA) and β-hydroxybutyrate levels as well as protein acetylation and β-hydroxybutyrylation. Acetyl-CoA is not only a central metabolite in multiple anabolic and catabolic pathways, but also a substrate used for posttranslational modification of proteins and a surrogate indicator of cellular energy status. Targeted metabolomic analysis revealed a dose-dependent decrease in hepatic acetyl-CoA levels coincident with the phosphorylation of pyruvate dehydrogenase (E1), and the induction of pyruvate dehydrogenase kinase 4 and pyruvate dehydrogenase phosphatase, while repressing ATP citrate lyase and short-chain acyl-CoA synthetase gene expression. In addition, TCDD dose-dependently reduced the levels of hepatic β-hydroxybutyrate and repressed ketone body biosynthesis gene expression. Moreover, levels of total hepatic protein acetylation and β-hydroxybutyrylation were reduced. AMPK phosphorylation was induced consistent with acetyl-CoA serving as a cellular energy status surrogate, yet subsequent targets associated with re-establishing energy homeostasis were not activated. Collectively, TCDD reduced hepatic acetyl-CoA and β-hydroxybutyrate levels eliciting starvation-like conditions despite normal levels of food intake.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giovan N Cholico
- Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Michigan State University, Biochemistry Building, 603 Wilson Road, East Lansing, MI, 48824, USA
- Institute for Integrative Toxicology, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI, 48824, USA
| | - Karina Orlowska
- Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Michigan State University, Biochemistry Building, 603 Wilson Road, East Lansing, MI, 48824, USA
- Institute for Integrative Toxicology, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI, 48824, USA
| | - Russell R Fling
- Institute for Integrative Toxicology, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI, 48824, USA
- Microbiology & Molecular Genetics, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI, 48824, USA
| | - Warren J Sink
- Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Michigan State University, Biochemistry Building, 603 Wilson Road, East Lansing, MI, 48824, USA
- Institute for Integrative Toxicology, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI, 48824, USA
| | - Nicholas A Zacharewski
- Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Michigan State University, Biochemistry Building, 603 Wilson Road, East Lansing, MI, 48824, USA
| | - Kelly A Fader
- Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Michigan State University, Biochemistry Building, 603 Wilson Road, East Lansing, MI, 48824, USA
- Institute for Integrative Toxicology, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI, 48824, USA
| | - Rance Nault
- Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Michigan State University, Biochemistry Building, 603 Wilson Road, East Lansing, MI, 48824, USA
- Institute for Integrative Toxicology, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI, 48824, USA
| | - Tim Zacharewski
- Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Michigan State University, Biochemistry Building, 603 Wilson Road, East Lansing, MI, 48824, USA.
- Institute for Integrative Toxicology, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI, 48824, USA.
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Pecchillo Cimmino T, Ammendola R, Cattaneo F, Esposito G. NOX Dependent ROS Generation and Cell Metabolism. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24032086. [PMID: 36768405 PMCID: PMC9916913 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24032086] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 28.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2022] [Revised: 01/17/2023] [Accepted: 01/18/2023] [Indexed: 01/21/2023] Open
Abstract
Reactive oxygen species (ROS) represent a group of high reactive molecules with dualistic natures since they can induce cytotoxicity or regulate cellular physiology. Among the ROS, the superoxide anion radical (O2·-) is a key redox signaling molecule prominently generated by the NADPH oxidase (NOX) enzyme family and by the mitochondrial electron transport chain. Notably, altered redox balance and deregulated redox signaling are recognized hallmarks of cancer and are involved in malignant progression and resistance to drugs treatment. Since oxidative stress and metabolism of cancer cells are strictly intertwined, in this review, we focus on the emerging roles of NOX enzymes as important modulators of metabolic reprogramming in cancer. The NOX family includes seven isoforms with different activation mechanisms, widely expressed in several tissues. In particular, we dissect the contribute of NOX1, NOX2, and NOX4 enzymes in the modulation of cellular metabolism and highlight their potential role as a new therapeutic target for tumor metabolism rewiring.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tiziana Pecchillo Cimmino
- Department of Molecular Medicine and Medical Biotechnology, School of Medicine, University of Naples Federico II, 80131 Naples, Italy
| | - Rosario Ammendola
- Department of Molecular Medicine and Medical Biotechnology, School of Medicine, University of Naples Federico II, 80131 Naples, Italy
| | - Fabio Cattaneo
- Department of Molecular Medicine and Medical Biotechnology, School of Medicine, University of Naples Federico II, 80131 Naples, Italy
- Correspondence: (F.C.); (G.E.)
| | - Gabriella Esposito
- Department of Molecular Medicine and Medical Biotechnology, School of Medicine, University of Naples Federico II, 80131 Naples, Italy
- CEINGE Advanced Biotechnologies Franco Salvatore S.c.a.r.l., 80131 Naples, Italy
- Correspondence: (F.C.); (G.E.)
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Reprogramming of glycolysis by chemical carcinogens during tumor development. Semin Cancer Biol 2022; 87:127-136. [PMID: 36265806 DOI: 10.1016/j.semcancer.2022.10.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2022] [Revised: 10/12/2022] [Accepted: 10/14/2022] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
Indiscriminate usage and mismanagement of chemicals in the agricultural and industrial sectors have contaminated different environmental compartments. Exposure to these persistent and hazardous pollutants like heavy metals, endocrine disruptors, aromatic hydrocarbons, and pesticides can result in various health adversities, including cancer. Chemical carcinogens follow a similar pattern of carcinogenesis, like oxidative stress, chromosomal aberration, DNA double-strand break, mismatch repair, and misregulation of oncogenic and/or tumor suppressors. Out of several cancer-associated endpoints, cellular metabolic homeostasis is the commonest to be deregulated upon chemical exposure. Chemical carcinogens hamper glycolytic reprogramming to fuel the malignant transformation of the cells and/or promote cancer progression. Several regulators like Akt, ERK, Ras, c-Myc, HIF-1α, and p53 regulate glycolysis in chemical-induced carcinogenesis. However, the deregulation of the anabolic biochemistry of glucose during chemical-induced carcinogenesis remains to be uncovered. This review comprehensively covers the environmental chemical-induced glycolytic shift during carcinogenesis and its mechanism. The focus is also to fill the major gaps associated with understanding the fairy tale between environmental carcinogens and metabolic reprogramming. Although evidence from studies regarding glycolytic reprogramming in chemical carcinogenesis provides valuable insights into cancer therapy, exposure to a mixture of toxicants and their mechanism of inducing carcinogenesis still needs to be studied.
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Chen Y, Yang H, Chen S, Lu Z, Li B, Jiang T, Xuan M, Ye R, Liang H, Liu X, Liu Q, Tang H. SIRT1 regulated hexokinase-2 promoting glycolysis is involved in hydroquinone-enhanced malignant progression in human lymphoblastoid TK6 cells. ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY 2022; 241:113757. [PMID: 35714482 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2022.113757] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2022] [Revised: 06/03/2022] [Accepted: 06/06/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Reprogramming of cellular metabolism is a vital event during tumorigenesis. The role of glycolysis in malignant progression promoted by hydroquinone (HQ), one of the metabolic products of benzene, remains to be understood. Recently, we reported the overexpression of sirtuin 1 (SIRT1) in HQ-enhanced malignant progression of TK6 cells and hypothesized that SIRT1 might contribute to glycolysis and favor tumorigenesis. Our data showed that acute exposure of TK6 cells to HQ for 48 h inhibited glycolysis, as indicated by reduction in glucose consumption, lactate production, hexokinase activity, and the expression of SIRT1 and glycolytic enzymes, including HIF-1α, hexokinase-2 (HK-2), ENO-1, glucose transporter 1 (Glut-1), and lactic dehydrogenase A (LDHA). Knockdown of SIRT1 or inhibition of glycolysis using the glycolytic inhibitor 2-deoxy-D-glucose (2-DG) downregulated the levels of SIRT1 and glycolytic enzymes and significantly enhanced HQ-induced cell apoptosis, although knockdown of SIRT1 or 2-DG alone had little effect on apoptosis. Furthermore, immunofluorescence and Co-IP assays demonstrated that SIRT1 regulated the expression of HK-2, and HQ treatment caused a decrease in SIRT1 and HK-2 binding to mitochondria. Importantly, we found that glycolysis was promoted with increasing HQ treatment weeks. Long-term HQ exposure increased the expression of SIRT1 and several glycolytic enzymes and promoted malignant cell progression. Moreover, compared with the PBS group, glucose consumption and lactate production increased after 10 weeks of HQ exposure, and the protein levels of SIRT1 and HK-2 were increased after 15 weeks of HQ exposure, while those of Glut-1, ENO-1, and LDHA were elevated. In addition, SIRT1 knockdown HQ 19 cells exhibited decreased lactate production, glucose consumption, glycolytic enzymes expression, cell growth, and tumor formation in nude mice. Our findings identify the high expression of SIRT1 as a strong oncogenic driver that positively regulates HK-2 and promotes glycolysis in HQ-accelerated malignant progression of TK6 cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuting Chen
- Dongguan Key Laboratory of Environmental Medicine, School of Public Health, Guangdong Medical University, Guangdong 523808, China
| | - Hui Yang
- Dongguan Key Laboratory of Environmental Medicine, School of Public Health, Guangdong Medical University, Guangdong 523808, China
| | - Shaoyun Chen
- Department of Obstetrics, Shenzhen Baoan Women's and Children's Hospital, Jinan University, Shenzhen 518102, China
| | - Zhaohong Lu
- Dongguan Key Laboratory of Environmental Medicine, School of Public Health, Guangdong Medical University, Guangdong 523808, China
| | - Boxin Li
- Dongguan Key Laboratory of Environmental Medicine, School of Public Health, Guangdong Medical University, Guangdong 523808, China
| | - Tikeng Jiang
- Dongguan Key Laboratory of Environmental Medicine, School of Public Health, Guangdong Medical University, Guangdong 523808, China
| | - Mei Xuan
- Dongguan Key Laboratory of Environmental Medicine, School of Public Health, Guangdong Medical University, Guangdong 523808, China
| | - Ruifang Ye
- Dongguan Key Laboratory of Environmental Medicine, School of Public Health, Guangdong Medical University, Guangdong 523808, China
| | - Hairong Liang
- Dongguan Key Laboratory of Environmental Medicine, School of Public Health, Guangdong Medical University, Guangdong 523808, China
| | - Xiaoshan Liu
- Dongguan Key Laboratory of Environmental Medicine, School of Public Health, Guangdong Medical University, Guangdong 523808, China
| | - Qizhan Liu
- Jiangsu Key Lab of Cancer Biomarkers, Prevention and Treatment, Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Personalized Medicine, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 211166, Jiangsu, China; Center for Global Health, The Key Laboratory of Modern Toxicology, Ministry of Education, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 211166, Jiangsu, China
| | - Huanwen Tang
- Dongguan Key Laboratory of Environmental Medicine, School of Public Health, Guangdong Medical University, Guangdong 523808, China.
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The Role of PKM2 in the Regulation of Mitochondrial Function: Focus on Mitochondrial Metabolism, Oxidative Stress, Dynamic, and Apoptosis. PKM2 in Mitochondrial Function. OXIDATIVE MEDICINE AND CELLULAR LONGEVITY 2022; 2022:7702681. [PMID: 35571239 PMCID: PMC9106463 DOI: 10.1155/2022/7702681] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2021] [Accepted: 03/16/2022] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
The M2 isoform of pyruvate kinase (PKM2) is one isoform of pyruvate kinase (PK). PKM2 is expressed at high levels during embryonic development and tumor progression and is subject to complex allosteric regulation. PKM2 is a special glycolytic enzyme that regulates the final step of glycolysis; the role of PKM2 in the metabolism, survival, and apoptosis of cancer cells has received increasing attention. Mitochondria are directly or indirectly involved in the regulation of energy metabolism, susceptibility to oxidative stress, and cell death; however, the role of PKM2 in mitochondrial functions remains unclear. Herein, we review the related mechanisms of the role of PKM2 in the regulation of mitochondrial functions from the aspects of metabolism, reactive oxygen species (ROS), dynamic, and apoptosis, which can be highlighted as a target for the clinical management of cardiovascular and metabolic diseases.
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Yang J, Zhang Y, Duan J, Huang X, Yu H, Hu Z. A Glycolysis-Related Gene Signature Correlates With the Characteristics of the Tumor Immune Microenvironment and Predicts Prognosis in Patients With Hepatocellular Carcinoma. Front Mol Biosci 2022; 9:834976. [PMID: 35573744 PMCID: PMC9097943 DOI: 10.3389/fmolb.2022.834976] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2021] [Accepted: 03/16/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Aim: To develop a glycolysis-related gene signature that correlated with the characteristics of the tumor immune microenvironment and had good predictive power for overall survival (OS) in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). Methods: Gene expression profiles, RNA sequencing data, clinical characteristics and survival information for 407 patients with HCC and 58 healthy controls were downloaded from the TCGA database. GSEA 4.1.0 software was used to evaluate the glycolysis-related pathways enriched in HCC compared to normal liver tissue. Univariate Cox, Least Absolute Shrinkage, Selection Operator, and two-step multivariate Cox analyses were used to construct a glycolysis-related gene signature for prognostic prediction. The glycolysis-related gene signature was combined with clinical characteristics to generate a nomogram. Tumor-infiltrating immune cell profiles and PD-L1 protein expression in HCC tissues were investigated. Results: The gene expression profiles of HCC tissues were enriched in glycolysis-related pathways. A glycolysis-related gene signature was used to categorize patients as high-risk or low-risk, where high-risk patients had significantly worse OS. Receiver operating characteristic curves confirmed the predictive capability of the glycolysis-related gene signature for OS (AUC >0.80). There was a significant difference in M0 macrophage (p = 0.017), dendritic cell (p = 0.043), B cell (p = 0.0018), CD4 T cell (p = 0.003), Treg (p = 0.01) and mast cell (p = 0.02) content and PD-L1 protein expression (p = 0.019) between HCC tissues in patients in the high-risk and low-risk groups. Conclusion: We established a glycolysis-related gene signature for OS in HCC that was predictive in training and test TCGA cohorts and correlated with the characteristics of the HCC tumor immune microenvironment. The glycolysis-related gene signature may guide clinical decision-making concerning patient selection for immunotherapy in HCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jun Yang
- Phase Ⅰ Clinical Trial Ward, Beijing Youan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Yuening Zhang
- Beijing Youan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Jin Duan
- Phase Ⅰ Clinical Trial Ward, Beijing Youan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Xiaojie Huang
- Beijing Youan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Haibin Yu
- Phase Ⅰ Clinical Trial Ward, Beijing Youan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Zhongjie Hu
- Beijing Youan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
- *Correspondence: Zhongjie Hu,
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Ouyang X, Yin H, Yu X, Guo Z, Zhu M, Lu G, Dang Z. Enhanced bioremediation of 2,3',4,4',5-pentachlorodiphenyl by consortium GYB1 immobilized on sodium alginate-biochar. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2021; 788:147774. [PMID: 34023604 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2021.147774] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/05/2021] [Revised: 04/27/2021] [Accepted: 05/12/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
2,3',4,4',5-pentachlorodiphenyl (PCB 118), a dioxin-like PCB, is often detected in the environment and is difficult to be aerobically biodegraded. In this study, a novel polychlorinated biphenyl degrading consortium GYB1 that can metabolize PCB 118 was successfully obtained by acclimatization process. To enhance the application performance of free bacterial cells, consortium GYB1 was immobilized with sodium alginate and biochar to prepare SC-GYB1 beads. Orthogonal experiments indicated that the optimal composition of the beads (0.2 g) was 2.0% sodium alginate (SA) content, 2.0% wet weight of cells and 1.5% biochar content, which can degrade 50.50% PCB 118 in 5 d. Immobilization shortened the degradation half-life of 1 mg/L PCB 118 by consortium GYB1 from 8.14 d to 3.79 d and made the beads more robust to respond to environmental stress. The SC-GYB1 beads could even keep considerable PCB degradation ability under 200 mg/L Cd2+ stress. According to 16S rRNA gene analysis, Pseudomonas and Stenotrophomonas played the dominant role in consortium GYB1. And embedding obviously altered the community structure and the key bacterial genera during the PCB removal process. Therefore, the immobilization of bacteria consortium by sodium alginate-biochar enhanced the biodegradation of PCB 118, which will provide new insights into functional microorganisms' actual application for PCB restoration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaofang Ouyang
- Key Laboratory of Ministry of Education on Pollution Control and Ecosystem Restoration in Industry Clusters, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Solid Wastes Pollution Control and Recycling, School of Environment and Energy, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, Guangdong, China
| | - Hua Yin
- Key Laboratory of Ministry of Education on Pollution Control and Ecosystem Restoration in Industry Clusters, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Solid Wastes Pollution Control and Recycling, School of Environment and Energy, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, Guangdong, China.
| | - Xiaolong Yu
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Petrochemical Pollution Processes and Control, School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Guangdong University of Petrochemical Technology, Maoming, Guangdong 525000, China
| | - Zhanyu Guo
- Key Laboratory of Ministry of Education on Pollution Control and Ecosystem Restoration in Industry Clusters, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Solid Wastes Pollution Control and Recycling, School of Environment and Energy, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, Guangdong, China
| | - Minghan Zhu
- Key Laboratory of Ministry of Education on Pollution Control and Ecosystem Restoration in Industry Clusters, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Solid Wastes Pollution Control and Recycling, School of Environment and Energy, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, Guangdong, China
| | - Guining Lu
- Key Laboratory of Ministry of Education on Pollution Control and Ecosystem Restoration in Industry Clusters, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Solid Wastes Pollution Control and Recycling, School of Environment and Energy, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, Guangdong, China
| | - Zhi Dang
- Key Laboratory of Ministry of Education on Pollution Control and Ecosystem Restoration in Industry Clusters, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Solid Wastes Pollution Control and Recycling, School of Environment and Energy, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, Guangdong, China
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Wang L, Wang Y, Xu M, Ma J, Zhang S, Liu S, Wang K, Tian H, Cui J. Enhanced hepatic cytotoxicity of chemically transformed polystyrene microplastics by simulated gastric fluid. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2021; 410:124536. [PMID: 33257126 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2020.124536] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2020] [Revised: 11/06/2020] [Accepted: 11/07/2020] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Microplastics pollution has emerged as one of the top-ranked global environmental issues, receiving worldwide attention in recent years. However, knowledge about the detrimental effects of microplastics on human health is still limited. In real-world settings, the physicochemical characteristics of microplastics were modified by environmental and biological transformation, largely changing their ultimate toxicity. Nonetheless, the toxicity change related to transformation of microplastics has not been considered in most published studies thus far. In the current study, we investigated the cytotoxicity of transformed polystyrene microplastics in hepatocytes. Our results revealed that 500 nm polystyrene microplastics, which were chemically transformed by simulated gastricfluid, exacerbated their adverse effects on SMMC-7721 cells at 20 μg/mL for 24 h treatment, including morphological alteration, membrane damage and increased cell apoptosis via oxidative stress. This exacerbated cytotoxicity could be at least partially explained by the degradation, changed surface charge and altered surface chemistry of these polystyrene microplastics after transformation. In conclusion, our study demonstrates that the hepatic cytotoxicity of polystyrene microplastics is enhanced after transformation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lixin Wang
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Hebei University of Science and Technology, Pollution Prevention Biotechnology Laboratory of Hebei Province, Shijiazhuang 050018, China; Hebei Key Laboratory of Molecular Chemistry for Drug, Shijiazhuang 050018, China.
| | - Yingxue Wang
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Hebei University of Science and Technology, Pollution Prevention Biotechnology Laboratory of Hebei Province, Shijiazhuang 050018, China; Hebei Key Laboratory of Molecular Chemistry for Drug, Shijiazhuang 050018, China
| | - Man Xu
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Hebei University of Science and Technology, Pollution Prevention Biotechnology Laboratory of Hebei Province, Shijiazhuang 050018, China; Hebei Key Laboratory of Molecular Chemistry for Drug, Shijiazhuang 050018, China
| | - Juan Ma
- State Key Laboratory of Environment Chemistry and Ecotoxicology, Research Center for Eco-Environment Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, China
| | - Shuping Zhang
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Shandong First Medical University, Jinan 250014, China
| | - Sijin Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Environment Chemistry and Ecotoxicology, Research Center for Eco-Environment Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, China
| | - Ke Wang
- Shijiazhuang Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Shijiazhuang 050011, China
| | - Huifang Tian
- Shijiazhuang Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Shijiazhuang 050011, China
| | - Jiansheng Cui
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Hebei University of Science and Technology, Pollution Prevention Biotechnology Laboratory of Hebei Province, Shijiazhuang 050018, China; Hebei Key Laboratory of Molecular Chemistry for Drug, Shijiazhuang 050018, China.
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Bai Y, Lin H, Chen J, Wu Y, Yu S. Identification of Prognostic Glycolysis-Related lncRNA Signature in Tumor Immune Microenvironment of Hepatocellular Carcinoma. Front Mol Biosci 2021; 8:645084. [PMID: 33968985 PMCID: PMC8100457 DOI: 10.3389/fmolb.2021.645084] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2020] [Accepted: 02/19/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Purpose: The purpose of this study was to construct a novel risk scoring model with prognostic value that could elucidate tumor immune microenvironment of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). Samples and methods: Data were obtained through The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) database. Univariate Cox analysis, least absolute shrinkage and selection operator (LASSO) analysis, and multivariate Cox analysis were carried out to screen for glycolysis-related long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) that could provide prognostic value. Finally, we established a risk score model to describe the characteristics of the model and verify its prediction accuracy. The receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves of 1, 3, and 5 years of overall survival (OS) were depicted with risk score and some clinical features. ESTIMATE algorithm, single-sample gene set enrichment analysis (ssGSEA), and CIBERSORT analysis were employed to reveal the characteristics of tumor immune microenvironment in HCC. The nomogram was drawn by screening indicators with high prognostic accuracy. The correlation of risk signature with immune infiltration and immune checkpoint blockade (ICB) therapy was analyzed. After enrichment of related genes, active behaviors and pathways in high-risk groups were identified and lncRNAs related to poor prognosis were validated in vitro. Finally, the impact of MIR4435-2HG upon ICB treatment was uncovered. Results: After screening through multiple steps, four glycolysis-related lncRNAs were obtained. The risk score constructed with the four lncRNAs was found to significantly correlate with prognosis of samples. From the ROC curve of samples with 1, 3, and 5 years of OS, two indicators were identified with high prognostic accuracy and were used to draw a nomogram. Besides, the risk score significantly correlated with immune score, immune-related signature, infiltrating immune cells (i.e. B cells, etc.), and ICB key molecules (i.e. CTLA4,etc.). Gene enrichment analysis indicated that multiple biological behaviors and pathways were active in the high-risk group. In vitro validation results showed that MIR4435-2HG was highly expressed in the two cell lines, which had a significant impact on the OS of samples. Finally, we corroborated that MIR4435-2HG had intimate relationship with ICB therapy in hepatocellular carcinoma. Conclusion: We elucidated the crucial role of risk signature in immune cell infiltration and immunotherapy, which might contribute to clinical strategies and clinical outcome prediction of HCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yang Bai
- Department of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, Affiliated Jinhua Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Jinhua, China.,Department of Surgery, the Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Haiping Lin
- Department of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, Affiliated Jinhua Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Jinhua, China
| | - Jiaqi Chen
- The Affiliated Hospital of Stomatology, School of Stomatology, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, and Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedical Research of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, China
| | - Yulian Wu
- Department of Surgery, the Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Shi'an Yu
- Department of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, Affiliated Jinhua Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Jinhua, China
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Li M, Yang T, Gao L, Xu H. An inadvertent issue of human retina exposure to endocrine disrupting chemicals: A safety assessment. CHEMOSPHERE 2021; 264:128484. [PMID: 33022499 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2020.128484] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/02/2020] [Revised: 09/07/2020] [Accepted: 09/27/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Endocrine disrupting chemicals (EDCs) are a group of chemical compounds that present a considerable public health problem due to their pervasiveness and associations with chronic diseases. EDCs can interrupt the endocrine system and interfere with hormone homeostasis, leading to abnormalities in human physiology. Much attention has been focused on the adverse effects EDCs have on the reproductive system, neurogenesis, neuroendocrine system, and thyroid dysfunction. The eye is usually directly exposed to the surrounding environment; however, the influences of EDCs on the eye have received comparatively little attention. Ocular diseases, such as ocular surface diseases and retinal diseases, have been implicated in hormone deficiency or excess. Epidemiologic studies have shown that EDC exposure not only causes ocular surface disorders, such as dry eye, but also associates with visual deficits and retinopathy. EDCs can pass through the human blood-retinal barrier and enter the neural retina, and can then accumulate in the retina. The retina is an embryologic extension of the central nervous system, and is extremely sensitive and vulnerable to EDCs that could be passed across the placenta during critical periods of retinal development. Subtle alterations in the retinal development process usually result in profound immediate, long-term, and delayed effects late in life. This review, based on extensive literature survey, briefly summarizes the current knowledge about the impact of representative manufactured EDCs on retinal toxicity, including retinal structure alterations and dysfunction. We also highlight the potential mechanism of action of EDCs on the retina, and the predictive retinal models of EDC exposure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Minghui Li
- Southwest Hospital/Southwest Eye Hospital, Third Military Medical University (Army Medical University), Chongqing, China; Key Lab of Visual Damage and Regeneration & Restoration of Chongqing, Chongqing, China
| | - Tian Yang
- Department of Cold Environmental Medicine, College of High Altitude Military Medicine, Third Military Medical University (Army Medical University), Chongqing, China
| | - Lixiong Gao
- Department of Ophthalmology, Third Medical Center of PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Haiwei Xu
- Southwest Hospital/Southwest Eye Hospital, Third Military Medical University (Army Medical University), Chongqing, China; Key Lab of Visual Damage and Regeneration & Restoration of Chongqing, Chongqing, China.
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Role of Reactive Oxygen Species in Cancer Progression: Molecular Mechanisms and Recent Advancements. Biomolecules 2019; 9:biom9110735. [PMID: 31766246 PMCID: PMC6920770 DOI: 10.3390/biom9110735] [Citation(s) in RCA: 597] [Impact Index Per Article: 119.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2019] [Revised: 11/11/2019] [Accepted: 11/12/2019] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Reactive oxygen species (ROS) play a pivotal role in biological processes and continuous ROS production in normal cells is controlled by the appropriate regulation between the silver lining of low and high ROS concentration mediated effects. Interestingly, ROS also dynamically influences the tumor microenvironment and is known to initiate cancer angiogenesis, metastasis, and survival at different concentrations. At moderate concentration, ROS activates the cancer cell survival signaling cascade involving mitogen-activated protein kinase/extracellular signal-regulated protein kinases 1/2 (MAPK/ERK1/2), p38, c-Jun N-terminal kinase (JNK), and phosphoinositide-3-kinase/ protein kinase B (PI3K/Akt), which in turn activate the nuclear factor kappa-light-chain-enhancer of activated B cells (NF-κB), matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs), and vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF). At high concentrations, ROS can cause cancer cell apoptosis. Hence, it critically depends upon the ROS levels, to either augment tumorigenesis or lead to apoptosis. The major issue is targeting the dual actions of ROS effectively with respect to the concentration bias, which needs to be monitored carefully to impede tumor angiogenesis and metastasis for ROS to serve as potential therapeutic targets exogenously/endogenously. Overall, additional research is required to comprehend the potential of ROS as an effective anti-tumor modality and therapeutic target for treating malignancies.
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