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Ferah Okkay I, Okkay U, Cicek B, Karatas O, Yilmaz A, Yesilyurt F, Hacimuftuoglu A. Syringic acid guards against indomethacin-induced gastric ulcer by alleviating inflammation, oxidative stress and apoptosis. Biotech Histochem 2024; 99:147-156. [PMID: 38644776 DOI: 10.1080/10520295.2024.2344477] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/23/2024] Open
Abstract
The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effects of syringic acid, an anti-oxidant, on indomethacin induced gastric ulcers in rats. Experimental groups were control, ulcer, ulcer treated with 20 mg/kg esomeprazole (a proton pump inhibitor that reduces acid secretion), and ulcer treated with 100 mg/kg syringic acid. Rats were pretreated with esomeprazole or syringic acid two weeks before ulcer induction. Our histopathological observations showed that either syringic acid or esomeprazole attenuated the severity of gastric mucosal damage. Moreover, syringic acid and esomeprazole pretreatments alleviated indomethacin-induced damage by regulating oxidative stress, inflammatory response, the level of transforming growth factor-β (TGF-β), expressions of COX and prostaglandin E2, cell proliferation, apoptosis and regulation of the NF-κB signaling pathway. We conclude that either esomeprazole or syringic acid administration protected the gastric mucosa from harmful effects of indomethacin. Syringic acid might, therefore be a potential therapeutic agent for preventing and treating indomethacin-induced gastric damage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Irmak Ferah Okkay
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Ataturk University, Erzurum, Turkey
| | - Ufuk Okkay
- Department of Medical Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Ataturk University, Erzurum, Turkey
| | - Betul Cicek
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Erzincan Binali Yildirim University, Erzincan, Turkey
| | - Ozhan Karatas
- Department of Pathology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Sivas Cumhuriyet University, Sivas, Turkey
| | - Aysegul Yilmaz
- Department of Medical Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Ataturk University, Erzurum, Turkey
| | - Fatma Yesilyurt
- Department of Medical Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Ataturk University, Erzurum, Turkey
| | - Ahmet Hacimuftuoglu
- Department of Medical Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Ataturk University, Erzurum, Turkey
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Chebaro Z, Abdallah R, Badran A, Hamade K, Hijazi A, Maresca M, Mesmar JE, Baydoun E. Study of the antioxidant and anti-pancreatic cancer activities of Anchusa strigosa aqueous extracts obtained by maceration and ultrasonic extraction techniques. Front Pharmacol 2023; 14:1201969. [PMID: 37593172 PMCID: PMC10427766 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2023.1201969] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2023] [Accepted: 07/18/2023] [Indexed: 08/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Pancreatic cancer is a highly aggressive malignancy and a leading cause of cancer-related deaths worldwide. Moreover, the incidence and mortality rates for pancreatic cancer are projected to keep increasing. A major challenge in the treatment of pancreatic cancer is the lack of effective screening approaches, which contributes to its poor prognosis, indicating the need for new treatment regimens and alternative therapies, such as herbal medicine. The medicinal plant A. strigosa, which is widely distributed in the Eastern Mediterranean region, is a short prickly plant from the Boraginaceae family that has been widely used in traditional medicine for treating various diseases. Nevertheless, its effect on human pancreatic cancer remains poorly investigated. In the present study, we screened the phytochemical content of Anchusa strigosa aqueous extracts obtained by maceration and ultrasound-assisted methods (ASM and ASU, respectively) and evaluated their antioxidant effects. We also investigated their anticancer effects and possible underlying mechanisms. The results show that both extracts were rich in bioactive molecules, with slight differences in their composition. Both extracts exhibited remarkable antioxidant potential and potent radical-scavenging activity in vitro. Additionally, non-cytotoxic concentrations of both extracts attenuated cell proliferation in a time- and concentration-dependent manner, which was associated with a decrease in the proliferation marker Ki67 and an induction of the intrinsic apoptotic pathway. Furthermore, the extracts increased the aggregation of pancreatic cancer cells and reduced their migratory potential, with a concomitant downregulation of integrin β1. Finally, we showed that the ASM extract caused a significant decrease in the levels of COX-2, an enzyme that has been linked to inflammation, carcinogenesis, tumor progression, and metastasis. Taken together, our findings provide evidence that A. strigosa extracts, particularly the extract obtained using the maceration method, have a potential anticancer effect and may represent a new resource for the design of novel drugs against pancreatic cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ziad Chebaro
- Platforme de Recherche et D’analyse en Sciences de L’environnement (EDST-PRASE), Beirut, Lebanon
| | - Rola Abdallah
- Department of Biology, American University of Beirut, Beirut, Lebanon
| | - Adnan Badran
- Department of Nutrition, University of Petra, Amman, Jordan
| | - Kamar Hamade
- UMRT INRE 1158 BioEcoAgro, Laboratorie BIOPI, University of Picardie Jules Verne, Amiens, France
| | - Akram Hijazi
- Platforme de Recherche et D’analyse en Sciences de L’environnement (EDST-PRASE), Beirut, Lebanon
| | - Marc Maresca
- Aix-Marseille Univ, CNRS, Centrale Marseille, iSM2, Marseille, France
| | | | - Elias Baydoun
- Department of Biology, American University of Beirut, Beirut, Lebanon
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Zochedh A, Priya M, Shunmuganarayanan A, Sultan AB, Kathiresan T. Antitumor and antimicrobial effect of syringic acid urea cocrystal: Structural and spectroscopic characterization, DFT calculation and biological evaluation. J Mol Struct 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molstruc.2023.135113] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/11/2023]
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4
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Sukumaran G, Ezhilarasan D, Ramani P, Merlin RJ. Molecular docking analysis of syringic acid with proteins in inflammatory cascade. Bioinformation 2022; 18:219-225. [PMID: 36518124 PMCID: PMC9722417 DOI: 10.6026/97320630018219] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2022] [Revised: 03/27/2022] [Accepted: 03/31/2022] [Indexed: 09/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Syringic Acid (SA) is a dimethoxybenzene derived from plants. Dietary SA possesses anti-obesity, anti-inflammatory and anti-steatotic effects and is of interest as a potential therapeutic medication in the treatment of obesity, diabetes, diabetic cataracts and asthma. It has anti-tumorigenic effect against hepatocellular carcinoma, lung carcinoma and oral mucosal carcinoma. It is also believed to have a protective effect on Acetaminophen induced damage in Wistar rats. Therefore, it is of interest to document the molecular docking analysis of syringic acid with proteins in inflammatory cascade such as TNF α, NFκB, P50, P65 and IKB for further consideration in drug discovery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gheena Sukumaran
- Department of Oral Pathology, Saveetha Dental College and Hospitals, Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Sciences, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Devaraj Ezhilarasan
- Department of Pharmacology,Biomedical Research Unit and Laboratory Animal Centre, Saveetha Dental College, Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Sciences, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Pratibha Ramani
- Department of Oral Pathology, Saveetha Dental College and Hospitals, Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Sciences, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - R Jancy Merlin
- Department of Advanced Zoology and Biotechnology, Women’s Christian College, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India
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Ferah Okkay I, Okkay U, Gundogdu OL, Bayram C, Mendil AS, Ertugrul MS, Hacimuftuoglu A. Syringic acid protects against thioacetamide-induced hepatic encephalopathy: Behavioral, biochemical, and molecular evidence. Neurosci Lett 2021; 769:136385. [PMID: 34871743 DOI: 10.1016/j.neulet.2021.136385] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/08/2021] [Revised: 11/25/2021] [Accepted: 11/30/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
The objective of this study was to elucidate the effects of syringic acid on thioacetamide-induced hepatic encephalopathy which is a complex serious syndrome with neuropsychiatric abnormalities related to acute liver dysfunctions like cirrhosis. Rats were treated with syringic acid (50 and 100 mg/kg, p.o.) for 14 days in treatment groups. Hepatic encephalopathy was induced by three doses of (200 mg/kg i.p.) thioacetamide injection. Syringic acid effectively alleviated thioacetamide-induced hepatic injury via reduction in ammonia, AST, ALT, ALP, LDH and decrease in oxidative stress (decreased MDA, ROS and increased SOD and GSH). Syringic acid also attenuated inflammatory injury by suppressing TNF-α, IL-1β, and NF-κB and increasing IL-10. The caspase-3 expression was also down-regulated in both liver and brain tissues. Immunohistochemical results confirmed the recovery with syringic acid by downregulation of iNOS, 8-OHdG and GFAP expression. Syringic acid decreased the deteriorating effects of thioacetamide as seen by reduced ammonia concentration and also preserved astrocyte and hepatocyte structure. The behavioral test results from elevated plus maze test, similar to the open-field locomotor test results, confirmed that syringic acid can reverse behavioral impairments. In conclusion, syringic acid exerted hepatoprotective and neuroprotective effects against hepatic encephalopathy by mitigating hepatotoxicity biomarkers, exerting antioxidant, anti-inflammatory effects in addition to suppressing hyperammonemia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Irmak Ferah Okkay
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Ataturk University, Turkey.
| | - Ufuk Okkay
- Department of Medical Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Ataturk University, Turkey
| | - Omer Lutfi Gundogdu
- Department of Neurology, Faculty of Medicine, Recep Tayyip Erdogan University, Turkey
| | - Cemil Bayram
- Department of Medical Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Ataturk University, Turkey
| | - Ali Sefa Mendil
- Department of Pathology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Erciyes University, Kayseri, Turkey
| | | | - Ahmet Hacimuftuoglu
- Department of Medical Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Ataturk University, Turkey
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Pru JK. Lipid equilibrating actions of syringic acid following lost ovarian function. Menopause 2021; 28:1328-9. [PMID: 34854836 DOI: 10.1097/GME.0000000000001892] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
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Saleem M, Schini-Kerth VB, Hussain K, Khalid SH, Asif M, Alhosin M, Akhtar MF, Ahmad B, Raza A, Mahrukh. Molecular Mechanisms Responsible for In Vitro Cytotoxic Attributes of Conyza bonariensis Extract against Lymphoblastic Leukaemia Jurkat Cells. Anticancer Agents Med Chem 2021; 22:1793-1801. [PMID: 34488604 DOI: 10.2174/1871520621666210906092314] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2020] [Revised: 06/01/2021] [Accepted: 06/09/2021] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Conyza bonariensis is known to have anti-cancer properties. OBJECTIVE The study investigated the in vitro pro-apoptotic properties of Conyza bonariensis (C. bonariensis) towards human lymphoblastic leukemia Jurkat cells. METHODS C. bonariensis are extracted with non-polar solvent by maceration. MTS cell viability assay was employed to determine the cytotoxic activity of the extract towards human leukemia Jurket cells and normal Peripheral Blood Mononuclear Cells (PBMCs) cells. The phytochemical composition of the extract was chemically characterized using HPLC. Flow cytometric studies (FACS) were conducted to explore the pro-apoptotic potential of the extract. Western blot studies were employed to identify the molecular targets involved in the induction of apoptosis. RESULTS The n-hexane extract showed selective cytotoxic activity towards Jurkat cells. FACS analysis indicated that the extract induced early and late apoptosis in Jurkat cells. Western blot studies revealed that the extract down-regulated the expression of DNMT1, SIRT1, and UHRF1 with a simultaneous up-regulation of the expression of p73 and caspases-3 proteins. HPLC characterization of the extract revealed the presence of phenolic compounds. CONCLUSION Overall these findings demonstrate that the anticancer effects of a Conyza bonariensis extract towards human lymphoblastic leukemiais due to the modulation of the activity of multiple oncogenic and tumor suppressor proteins and that its phenolic content is involved are proposed to be responsible for these activities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohammad Saleem
- Punjab University College of Pharmacy, University of The Punjab Lahore . Pakistan
| | - Valerie B Schini-Kerth
- UMR 1260 INSERM Nanomédecine Régénérative, Faculté de Pharmacie,Université de Strasbourg, 74, route du Rhin - BP 60024, 67401 Illkirch. France
| | - Khalid Hussain
- Punjab University College of Pharmacy, University of The Punjab Lahore . Pakistan
| | - Syed Haroon Khalid
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Government College University of Faisalabad. Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Asif
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmacy, The Islamia University of Bahawalpur, Punjab. Pakistan
| | - Mahmoud Alhosin
- Department of Biochemistry, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah. Saudi Arabia
| | - Muhammad Furqan Akhtar
- Riphah Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Riphah International University Lahore, Lahore 54000. Pakistan
| | - Bashir Ahmad
- Riphah Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Riphah International University Lahore, Lahore 54000. Pakistan
| | - Atif Raza
- Punjab University College of Pharmacy, University of The Punjab Lahore . Pakistan
| | - Mahrukh
- Punjab University College of Pharmacy, University of The Punjab Lahore . Pakistan
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Mihanfar A, Darband SG, Sadighparvar S, Kaviani M, Mirza-Aghazadeh-Attari M, Yousefi B, Majidinia M. In vitro and in vivo anticancer effects of syringic acid on colorectal cancer: Possible mechanistic view. Chem Biol Interact 2021; 337:109337. [PMID: 33548266 DOI: 10.1016/j.cbi.2020.109337] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2020] [Revised: 10/31/2020] [Accepted: 11/20/2020] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
This study aimed to evaluate the in vitro effects of syringic acid on human colorectal cancer cells (SW-480) and the effect of orally administered syringic acid on in vivo models of colorectal cancer induced in rats by administration of 1,2-dimethylhydrazine (DMH). In vitro effects of syringic acid treatment on human colorectal cancer SW-480 cell lines were assessed by performing cell proliferation assay (MTT and Trypan Blue staining), apoptosis assays (TUNEL assay, Annexin-V/PI flowcytometry and lactate dehydrogenase release assay), measuring reactive oxygen species (ROS), antioxidant enzymes and DNA damage, and evaluating protein levels of proliferative genes, and autophagy markers. In vitro anti-cancer roles of syringic acid were studied in rats with DMH-induced colorectal cancer cells. The effect of orally administered syringic acid (50 mg/kg) on tumor growth and incidence was studied in four groups (n = 6) of animals injected with DMH and treated for 15 weeks. Syringic acid treatment resulted in a significant dose-dependent inhibition of cellular proliferation, induction of apoptosis through increasing cellular ROS and DNA damage levels, as well as downregulating major proliferative genes. In vivo, treatment of rats with syringic acid demonstrated a statistically significant tumor volume and incidence reduction when compared to the control. This is the first study demonstrating an in vivo growth inhibitory effect of orally administered syringic acid on colorectal tumors in rats.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ainaz Mihanfar
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Urmia University of Medical Sciences, Urmia, Iran
| | | | - Shirin Sadighparvar
- Neurophysiology Research Center, Urmia University of Medical Sciences, Urmia, Iran
| | - Mojtaba Kaviani
- School of Nutrition and Dietetics, Acadia University, Wolfville, NS, B4P 2R6, Canada
| | - Mohammad Mirza-Aghazadeh-Attari
- Student Research Committee, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran; Aging Research Institute, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Bahman Yousefi
- Immunology Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Maryam Majidinia
- Solid Tumor Research Center, Urmia University of Medical Sciences, Urmia, Iran.
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Seal T, Bera I, Datta B, Das K. Effect of solvent extraction system on the antioxidant properties of seven wild edible mushrooms and identification of phenolic compounds by high-performance liquid chromatography. Pharmacogn Mag 2021. [DOI: 10.4103/pm.pm_584_20] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022] Open
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10
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Kumar A, Kumar D, Kumari K, Mkhize Z, Seru LK, Bahadur I, Singh P. Metal-ligand complex formation between ferrous or ferric ion with syringic acid and their anti-oxidant and anti-microbial activities: DFT and molecular docking approach. J Mol Liq 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molliq.2020.114872] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
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11
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Velu P, Vijayalakshmi A, Vinothkumar V. Inhibiting the PI3K/Akt, NF-κB signalling pathways with syringic acid for attenuating the development of oral squamous cell carcinoma cells SCC131. J Pharm Pharmacol 2020; 72:1595-1606. [PMID: 32790092 DOI: 10.1111/jphp.13350] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2020] [Accepted: 07/15/2020] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To evaluate the anti-inflammatory and antiproliferative effect of syringic acid (SRA) on oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) SCC131 cells via suppression of NF-κB-induced PI3K/Akt signalling pathway. METHODS The present study assesses the anticancer effects of SRA alongside human oral cancer (HOC) SCC131 cells through the fabrication of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and activated apoptosis. DAPI and Rh-123 staining were used to assess the apoptotic nuclear characteristic, mitochondrial membrane potential, cell adhesion and migration by fluorescence microscope with SRA treatment. KEY FINDINGS Syringic acid inhibits cell viability (IC50 values of 25 µm), adhesion, migration and induced apoptosis. MTT assay demonstrated SRA-induced apoptotic events, inhibition of invasion and angiogenic signalling in SCC131 cell line. Furthermore, SRA treated with SCC131 cells suppresses the protein expression of inflammatory, angiogenesis and PI3K/Akt signalling pathways. It is suggested that SRA prevents the translocation of NF-κB and PI3K/Akt activated products to the nucleus, thereby suppressing angiogenesis via downregulation of vascular endothelial growth factor. CONCLUSIONS Therefore, addition of SRA to SCC131 cells may provide a promising natural therapeutic strategy against squamous cell carcinomas with potential application in clinical analysis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Periyannan Velu
- Department of Biochemistry and Biotechnology, Faculty of Science, Annamalai University, Chidambaram, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Annamalai Vijayalakshmi
- Department of Biochemistry and Biotechnology, Faculty of Science, Annamalai University, Chidambaram, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Veerasamy Vinothkumar
- Department of Biochemistry and Biotechnology, Faculty of Science, Annamalai University, Chidambaram, Tamil Nadu, India
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Kabtni S, Sdouga D, Bettaib Rebey I, Save M, Trifi-Farah N, Fauconnier ML, Marghali S. Influence of climate variation on phenolic composition and antioxidant capacity of Medicago minima populations. Sci Rep 2020; 10:8293. [PMID: 32427946 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-020-65160-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2019] [Accepted: 04/24/2020] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Medicago minima is a pasture legume that grows almost all over the world. In Tunisia, it occupies various climatic environments and is considered the most abundant annual Medicago plant. However, this species is unconsumed and unused by humans. This study aimed to explore the phytochemical characteristics of Medicago minima selected from different provenances in Tunisia and subsequently investigate the influence of environmental factors on their phenolic composition and antioxidant activity. Therefore, a calorimetric method and DPPH tests provided the total phenolic and total flavonoid contents and antioxidant potential in roots, stems, leaves and seeds. High performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) identified and quantified four phenolic acids and three flavonoids in the studied organs. Roots and leaves showed the greatest phenolic compound content and had high antioxidant activity. Rutin and syringic acid (leaves) represent a characteristic for this species. For each organ, principal component analysis of phenolic profiles showed that the root’s phenolic composition could be an indication of the plant adaptation to even small changes in its environments. Plants originating from a cold climate, higher altitude or semi-arid environment had the highest phenolic compound contents in their organs. Our findings provide useful information for the exploitation of the phenolic compounds in these weeds for the development of environmental sustainability.
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S M, Shaik AH, E MP, Al Omar SY, Mohammad A, Kodidhela LD. Combined cardio-protective ability of syringic acid and resveratrol against isoproterenol induced cardio-toxicity in rats via attenuating NF-kB and TNF-α pathways. Sci Rep 2020; 10:3426. [PMID: 32099011 PMCID: PMC7042357 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-020-59925-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/20/2019] [Accepted: 01/24/2020] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
The study was conducted to evaluate the cardio-protective activity of combination (COMB) of syringic acid (SA) and resveratrol (RV) against isoproterenol (ISO) induced cardio-toxicity in rats. Rats were pre-treated orally with SA (50 mg/kg), RV (50 mg/kg) and combination of SA (25 mg/kg) and RV (25 mg/kg) along with positive control gallic acid (50 mg/kg) for 30 days. The effects of ISO on cardiac markers, lipid profile and lipid peroxidation marker, anti-oxidant enzymes and m-RNA expression of nuclear factor-kappa B (NF-kB) and tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) were observed along with histopathological observations of simple and transmission electron microscopes (TEM). Serum creatine kinase-MB (CK-MB), lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) and alkaline phosphatase were significantly increased while cardiac tissue CK-MB, LDH, superoxide dismutase and catalase were significantly decreased in ISO administered rats, which also exhibited a significant increase in total cholesterol, triglycerides, low density lipoprotein cholesterol, very low density lipoprotein cholesterol and thiobarbutyric acid reactive substances and significant decrease in high density lipoprotein cholesterol in serum and heart. The m-RNA levels of inflammatory markers NF-kB and TNF-α were significantly increased in ISO treated rats. COMB Pre-treatment significantly reversed the ISO actions. Histopathological studies of simple and TEM were also co-related with the above biochemical parameters. Docking studies with NF-kB were also performed. Evidence has shown for the first time in this approach that COMB pre-treatment ameliorated ISO induced cardio-toxicity in rats and revealed cardio-protection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Manjunatha S
- Department of Biochemistry, Sri Krishnadevaraya University, Anantapur, Andhra Pradesh, India
| | - Althaf Hussain Shaik
- Central Laboratory, Department of Zoology, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia.
| | - Maruthi Prasad E
- Shenzhen key of Laboratory of Translational medicine of Tumor, A7, 451, Department of Cell Biology and Genetics, Shenzhen University Health Science Centre, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China
| | - Suliman Yousef Al Omar
- Doping Research Chair, Department of Zoology, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Altaf Mohammad
- Central Laboratory, Department of Chemistry, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Lakshmi Devi Kodidhela
- Department of Biochemistry, Sri Krishnadevaraya University, Anantapur, Andhra Pradesh, India
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14
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Abotaleb M, Liskova A, Kubatka P, Büsselberg D. Therapeutic Potential of Plant Phenolic Acids in the Treatment of Cancer. Biomolecules 2020; 10:E221. [PMID: 32028623 DOI: 10.3390/biom10020221] [Citation(s) in RCA: 156] [Impact Index Per Article: 39.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2019] [Revised: 01/26/2020] [Accepted: 01/26/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Globally, cancer is the second leading cause of death. Different conventional approaches to treat cancer include chemotherapy or radiotherapy. However, these are usually associated with various deleterious effects and numerous disadvantages in clinical practice. In addition, there are increasing concerns about drug resistance. In the continuous search for safer and more effective treatments, plant-derived natural compounds are of major interest. Plant phenolics are secondary metabolites that have gained importance as potential anti-cancer compounds. Phenolics display a great prospective as cytotoxic anti-cancer agents promoting apoptosis, reducing proliferation, and targeting various aspects of cancer (angiogenesis, growth and differentiation, and metastasis). Phenolic acids are a subclass of plant phenolics, furtherly divided into benzoic and cinnamic acids, that are associated with potent anticancer abilities in various in vitro and in vivo studies. Moreover, the therapeutic activities of phenolic acids are reinforced by their role as epigenetic regulators as well as supporters of adverse events or resistance associated with conventional anticancer therapy. Encapsulation of phyto-substances into nanocarrier systems is a challenging aspect concerning the efficiency of natural substances used in cancer treatment. A summary of phenolic acids and their effectiveness as well as phenolic-associated advances in cancer treatment will be discussed in this review.
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15
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Kato Y, Kawai M, Kawai S, Okano Y, Rokkaku N, Ishisaka A, Murota K, Nakamura T, Nakamura Y, Ikushiro S. Dynamics of the Cellular Metabolism of Leptosperin Found in Manuka Honey. J Agric Food Chem 2019; 67:10853-10862. [PMID: 31496237 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.9b03894] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Leptosperin (methyl syringate β-d-gentiobioside) is abundantly found in manuka honey, which is widely used because of its antibacterial and possible anti-inflammatory activities. The aim of this study was to examine the molecular mechanism underlying the metabolism of leptosperin. Five phytochemicals (leptosperin, methyl syringate (MSYR), glucuronate conjugate of MSYR (MSYR-GA), sulfonate conjugate of MSYR (MSYR-S), and syringic acid (SYR)) were separately incubated with HepG2 and Caco-2 cells. After incubation, we found that the concentration of MSYR decreased, whereas the concentrations of SYR, MSYR-GA, and MSYR-S increased. By profiling with inhibitors and carboxylesterases (CES1, 2), we found that the conversion from MSYR to SYR was mediated by CES1. Lipopolysaccharide-stimulated RAW264.7 cells restored MSYR-GA to MSYR possibly by the secreted β-glucuronidase. All of the mice administered with leptosperin, MSYR, or manuka honey showed higher MSYR (13.84 ± 11.51, 14.29 ± 9.19, or 6.66 ± 2.30 nM) and SYR (1.85 ± 0.66, 6.01 ± 1.20, or 8.16 ± 3.10 nM) levels in the plasma compared with that of the vehicle controls (3.33 ± 1.45 (MSYR) and 1.85 ± 0.66 (SYR) nM). The findings of our study indicate that the unique metabolic pathways of these compounds may account for possible functionalities of manuka honey.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | - Kaeko Murota
- Faculty of Life and Environmental Science , Shimane University , Matsue , Shimane 690-8504 , Japan
| | - Toshiyuki Nakamura
- Graduate School of Environmental and Life Science , Okayama University , Okayama 700-0082 , Japan
| | - Yoshimasa Nakamura
- Graduate School of Environmental and Life Science , Okayama University , Okayama 700-0082 , Japan
| | - Shinichi Ikushiro
- Department of Biotechnology , Toyama Prefectural University , Imizu , Toyama 939-0398 , Japan
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Ren J, Yang M, Xu F, Chen J, Ma S. Acceleration of wound healing activity with syringic acid in streptozotocin induced diabetic rats. Life Sci 2019; 233:116728. [PMID: 31386877 DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2019.116728] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/19/2019] [Revised: 07/29/2019] [Accepted: 08/02/2019] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
Impaired wound healing is a serious concern of uncontrolled hyperglycemia that can lead to gangrene, and even death. There is an urgent need to look for better alternative therapy because of the undesirable side effects of currently available synthetic drugs in the market. Syringic acid (SA) is a natural phenolic compound abundantly available in edible fruits and plants. In this study, wound healing activities of 2.5% and 5.0% SA were evaluated in type 2 diabetic rats using incisional wound model. SA-treated diabetic wounds showed faster rate of wound closure and epithelization with enhanced contents of hydroxyproline and protein compared to diabetic wounds. SA effectively prevents alterations in blood glucose levels, serum insulin and dyslipidemia in diabetic wound rats. The SA-treated diabetic wounds after 14 days of treatment demonstrated inhibition of pro-inflammatory response (NF-κB p65, TNF-α, IL-1β, IL-8 and IL-2) with improvement in anti-inflammatory response (IL-10), inhibited the elevated oxidative stress and decreased the concentrations of matrix metalloproteinases (MMP-2, -8 and -9) and increased the concentrations of TIMP-1 & TIMP- 2. Furthermore, the diabetic wounds were presented with an increase in expression of CD 31 and 68, growth factors (TGF-β1, collagen-I and α-SMA and VEGF) with significant improvement in collagen deposition, re-epithelialization and complete skin structure as revealed by histological analysis after treatment of diabetic wounds with SA for 14 days. Hence, the results of this study designate that SA significantly improves wound healing in diabetic rats and could be used as a potential therapy for treatment of diabetic wounds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jia Ren
- Department of Emergency, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou City, Henan Province 450052, China.
| | - Mengjie Yang
- National Institute For Viral Disease Control and Prevention, Chinese Center For Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing City, 102206, China
| | - Fengyang Xu
- Department of Emergency, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou City, Henan Province 450052, China
| | - Juwu Chen
- Department of Emergency, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou City, Henan Province 450052, China
| | - Shengli Ma
- Department of Emergency, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou City, Henan Province 450052, China
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Srivastava N, Ranjana, Singh S, Gupta AC, Shanker K, Bawankule DU, Luqman S. Aromatic ginger ( Kaempferia galanga L.) extracts with ameliorative and protective potential as a functional food, beyond its flavor and nutritional benefits. Toxicol Rep 2019; 6:521-528. [PMID: 31431884 PMCID: PMC6579851 DOI: 10.1016/j.toxrep.2019.05.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/21/2019] [Revised: 05/28/2019] [Accepted: 05/31/2019] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Aromatic ginger (Kaempferia galanga L) is native to India and believed to be originated in Burma. Despite substantial uses in a pickle and south-east Asian cuisines, aromatic ginger is chemically less studied than white and red ginger. Multi-directional investigations have been performed to evaluate chemical composition, nutritional values, ameliorative and protective potential of aromatic ginger (Kaempferia galanga) rhizome (KGR). Macro and micro components analysis confirmed that KGR contains protein, fiber, and high amount of essential minerals (potassium, phosphorous, and magnesium) along with appreciable amounts of iron, manganese, zinc, cobalt, and nickel. The anti-proliferative potential of KGR evaluated nine human cell lines. We have evaluated the anti-proliferative potential of hydrodistillate, extract, and key compound isolated from KGR on nine human cancer cell line and also reporting the safety to normal peritoneal macrophage cells. The current study demonstrates the anticancer potential of the KGR on MDA-MB-231 and WRL-68 cells. Very likely, results can be extrapolated to an animal or human system. Ethyl p-methoxy cinnamate (EPMC) was responsible for inhibiting the proliferation action which varied in a tested cell by intracellular reactive oxygen species (ROS) production. The present study demonstrates KGR as safe and high energy value medicinal spices with chemo-preventive action, without toxic phytochemicals, and tolerable other anti-nutritional factors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nupur Srivastava
- Analytical Chemistry Department, CSIR-Central Institute of Medicinal and Aromatic Plants (CIMAP), Lucknow, 226 015, India
| | - Ranjana
- Analytical Chemistry Department, CSIR-Central Institute of Medicinal and Aromatic Plants (CIMAP), Lucknow, 226 015, India
| | - Shilpi Singh
- Molecular Bioprospection Department, CSIR-Central Institute of Medicinal and Aromatic Plants (CIMAP), Lucknow-226 015, India
| | - Amit Chand Gupta
- Molecular Bioprospection Department, CSIR-Central Institute of Medicinal and Aromatic Plants (CIMAP), Lucknow-226 015, India
| | - Karuna Shanker
- Analytical Chemistry Department, CSIR-Central Institute of Medicinal and Aromatic Plants (CIMAP), Lucknow, 226 015, India
| | - Dnyaneshwar U. Bawankule
- Molecular Bioprospection Department, CSIR-Central Institute of Medicinal and Aromatic Plants (CIMAP), Lucknow-226 015, India
| | - Suaib Luqman
- Molecular Bioprospection Department, CSIR-Central Institute of Medicinal and Aromatic Plants (CIMAP), Lucknow-226 015, India
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Augustine D, Rao RS, Anbu J, Chidambara Murthy K. In vitro cytotoxic and apoptotic induction effect of earthworm coelomic fluid of Eudrilus eugeniae, Eisenia foetida, and Perionyx excavatus on human oral squamous cell carcinoma-9 cell line. Toxicol Rep 2019; 6:347-357. [PMID: 31061813 PMCID: PMC6488712 DOI: 10.1016/j.toxrep.2019.04.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2019] [Revised: 04/11/2019] [Accepted: 04/18/2019] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
The current protocol of cancer management includes surgery, radiotherapy and chemotherapy. However, these modalities have significant adverse effects and affect the quality of life. Further intensification of treatment is hindered as maximal toxicity levels are reached impeding improvement. Hence researchers are in the quest for adjunctive naturally available therapies that can alter tumor proliferation without causing significant adverse reactions. The present study aims to explore the cytotoxic potential of earthworm coelomic fluid (ECF) of Eudrilus eugeniae (EE), Eisenia foetida (EF), and Perionyx excavatus (PE) on oral cancer cell line SCC-9. The effect of ECF on cell cycle analysis and mechanism of cell death have also been investigated. All experiments reported in this paper were performed as 3 replicates per experiment. The results indicated that ECF of EE, EF and PE have potent variable cytotoxic effect on SCC-9 cells demonstrated through LDH, clonogenic and comet assay. An effective cell cycle arrest was observed at the G2M phase of cell cycle with apoptotic induction that was observed through an Annexin V - FITC/PI assay. ECF of EE was found to be superior in its cytotoxic action closely followed by ECF of PE. The present findings provide evidence for the first time that ECF of EE, EF and PE have potent cytotoxic effect on oral cancer cells in vitro. They significantly induce G2M cell cycle arrest and promote apoptosis in SCC-9 cell line. Gene expression studies have been planned to ascertain the pathways of cell death.
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Key Words
- ATCC, American Type Culture Collection
- Annexin V – FITC/PI
- Apoptosis
- CCD, charged coupled device
- Cell cycle analysis
- Cytotoxicity
- DMEM, Dulbecco’s Modified Eagle Medium
- DNA, deoxy ribose nucleic acid
- ECF, earthworm coelomic fluid
- EE, Eudrilus eugeniae
- EF, Eisenia foetida
- Earthworm coelomic fluid
- Eisenia foetida
- Eudrilus eugeniae
- FBS, fetal bovine serum
- FITC, fluorescein isothiocyanate
- HEPES, 4-2-hydroxyethyl)-1-piperazineethanesulfonic acid
- LDH, lactate dehydrogenase
- LMPA, low melting point agarose
- MEM, Minimal Essential Medium
- NAE’s, naturally available extracts
- NMA, normal melting agarose
- PE, Perionyx excavatus
- PS, phosphatidylserine
- Perionyx excavatus
- SCC, squamous cell carcinoma
- SCC-9 cell line
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Affiliation(s)
- Dominic Augustine
- Department of Oral Pathology and Microbiology, Faculty of Dental Sciences, M.S. Ramaiah University of Applied Sciences, New Bel Road, MSR Nagar, Bangalore, 560054, India
| | - Roopa S. Rao
- Department of Oral Pathology and Microbiology, Faculty of Dental Sciences, M.S. Ramaiah University of Applied Sciences, New Bel Road, MSR Nagar, Bangalore, 560054, India
| | - Jayaraman Anbu
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmacy, M.S. Ramaiah University of Applied Sciences, New Bel Road, MSR Nagar, Bangalore, 560054, India
| | - K.N. Chidambara Murthy
- Central Research Laboratory, Ramaiah Medical College, MSR Nagar, MSRIT Post, Bangalore, 560054, India
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Datta S, Sinha BK, Bhattacharjee S, Seal T. Nutritional composition, mineral content, antioxidant activity and quantitative estimation of water soluble vitamins and phenolics by RP-HPLC in some lesser used wild edible plants. Heliyon 2019; 5:e01431. [PMID: 30976701 PMCID: PMC6441826 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2019.e01431] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/17/2018] [Revised: 03/15/2019] [Accepted: 03/22/2019] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
The present study aimed to investigate the nutritional properties and antioxidant activities of six underutilized wild edible plants viz. Ipomoea aquatica, Achyranthes aspera, Aasystasia ganjetica, Enhydra fluctuans, Oldenlandia corymbosa and Amaranthus viridis that are commonly consumed as food in the India The antioxidant properties of the plants were evaluated by using 1,1-diphenyl-2-picryl hydrazyl (DPPH) radical scavenging activity, ABTS radical scavenging ability, reducing power capacity, metal chelating activity, lipid peroxidation assay, estimation of total phenolic content and flavonoids content in different solvent extraction system like benzene, chloroform, methanol and 70% aqueous (aq.) ethanol. The quantitation of phenolic acids and flavonoids and water soluble vitamins in these plants were carried out by HPLC using Acclaim C 18 column (5 μm particle size, 250 × 4.6 mm), Dionex Ultimate 3000 liquid chromatograph and detection was carried out in photo diode array (PDA) detector. The results of investigation showed that these plants are rich sources of protein, carbohydrate minerals and vitamins, especially the B group of vitamins that can contribute immensely to nutrition, food security, and health and therapeutic benefits. The different levels of antioxidant activities were found in the solvent systems used. The HPLC analysis also showed the presence of phenolic acids and flavonoids in various amounts in these plants which could be utilized as natural antioxidant.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sudeshna Datta
- Industrial Section, Indian Museum, Botanical Survey of India, Kolkata, India
| | - B K Sinha
- Botanical Survey of India, CGO Complex, DF Block, Sector-I, Salt Lake City, Kolkata, India
| | | | - Tapan Seal
- Plant Chemistry Department, Botanical Survey of India, A. J. C. Bose Indian Botanic Garden, Shibpur, Howrah, India
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