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Zhang H, Lu C, Wu L, Li J, Huang M, Tao X, Wu Y, Jia B. Exosomes derived from endothelial progenitor cells ameliorate LPS-induced brain microvascular endothelial cells injury by delivering miR-126a-5p. Sci Rep 2024; 14:18469. [PMID: 39122748 PMCID: PMC11316067 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-024-69163-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/25/2023] [Accepted: 08/01/2024] [Indexed: 08/12/2024] Open
Abstract
Endothelial progenitor cells (EPCs) play a crucial role in maintaining vascular health and aiding in the repair of damaged blood vessels. However, the specific impact of EPCs-derived exosomes on vascular endothelial cell injury caused by lipopolysaccharide (LPS) remains inadequately understood. This study aims to explore the potential benefits of EPC-exosomes in mitigating LPS-induced vascular injury and to elucidate the underlying mechanism. Initially, EPCs were isolated from mouse peripheral blood, and their identity was confirmed through flow cytometry and immunocytochemistry. Subsequently, the exosomes derived from EPCs were identified using transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and western blot analysis. A sepsis model was induced by subjecting brain microvascular endothelial cells (BMECs) to LPS-induced injury. Both EPC and their exosomes demonstrated a significant increase in BMECs proliferation, reduced apoptosis, decreased levels of pro-inflammatory factors (TNF-α, IL-6, and caspase-3), and enhanced sprouting and angiogenesis of BMECs. Notable, the Exosomes demonstrated a more pronounced impact on these parameters. Furthermore, both EPCs and Exosomes exhibited significantly increased levels of miR-126a-5p, with the Exosomes showing a more substantial enhancement. These findings suggest that supplementing exosomal miR-126a-5p from EPCs can provide protective effects on BMECs, offering a potential therapeutic option for treating sepsis-induced microvascular endothelial cell injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hongquan Zhang
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, The Fourth Affiliated Hospital, Jiangxi Medical College, Nanchang University, Nanchang, 330003, Jiangxi, China
- Henan Province Natural Medicine Extraction and Medical Technology Application Engineering Research Center, Zhengzhou, 451460, Henan, China
| | - Caiyun Lu
- Zhengzhou Central Hospital, Zhengzhou, 450007, Henan, China
| | - Lili Wu
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, The University of Hong Kong-Shenzhen Hospital, Shenzhen, 518000, China
| | - Jiang Li
- Henan Province Natural Medicine Extraction and Medical Technology Application Engineering Research Center, Zhengzhou, 451460, Henan, China
| | - Min Huang
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, The First Hospital of Nanchang, Nanchang, 330008, Jiangxi, China
| | - Xingyu Tao
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, 330003, Jiangxi, China
| | - Yuanbo Wu
- Department of Anesthesiology, Hubei Cancer Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430079, Hubei, China
| | - Baohui Jia
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, The Fourth Affiliated Hospital, Jiangxi Medical College, Nanchang University, Nanchang, 330003, Jiangxi, China.
- Henan Province Natural Medicine Extraction and Medical Technology Application Engineering Research Center, Zhengzhou, 451460, Henan, China.
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Qiao X, Yin J, Zheng Z, Li L, Feng X. Endothelial cell dynamics in sepsis-induced acute lung injury and acute respiratory distress syndrome: pathogenesis and therapeutic implications. Cell Commun Signal 2024; 22:241. [PMID: 38664775 PMCID: PMC11046830 DOI: 10.1186/s12964-024-01620-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 31.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2024] [Accepted: 04/17/2024] [Indexed: 04/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Sepsis, a prevalent critical condition in clinics, continues to be the leading cause of death from infections and a global healthcare issue. Among the organs susceptible to the harmful effects of sepsis, the lungs are notably the most frequently affected. Consequently, patients with sepsis are predisposed to developing acute lung injury (ALI), and in severe cases, acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS). Nevertheless, the precise mechanisms associated with the onset of ALI/ARDS remain elusive. In recent years, there has been a growing emphasis on the role of endothelial cells (ECs), a cell type integral to lung barrier function, and their interactions with various stromal cells in sepsis-induced ALI/ARDS. In this comprehensive review, we summarize the involvement of endothelial cells and their intricate interplay with immune cells and stromal cells, including pulmonary epithelial cells and fibroblasts, in the pathogenesis of sepsis-induced ALI/ARDS, with particular emphasis placed on discussing the several pivotal pathways implicated in this process. Furthermore, we discuss the potential therapeutic interventions for modulating the functions of endothelial cells, their interactions with immune cells and stromal cells, and relevant pathways associated with ALI/ARDS to present a potential therapeutic strategy for managing sepsis and sepsis-induced ALI/ARDS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xinyu Qiao
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory for Rheumatic Disease and Translational Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Shandong First Medical University & Shandong Provincial Qianfoshan Hospital, Jinan, China
- School of Clinical and Basic Medical Sciences, Shandong First Medical University& Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Jinan, 250117, Shandong, China
| | - Junhao Yin
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory for Rheumatic Disease and Translational Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Shandong First Medical University & Shandong Provincial Qianfoshan Hospital, Jinan, China
- School of Clinical and Basic Medical Sciences, Shandong First Medical University& Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Jinan, 250117, Shandong, China
| | - Zhihuan Zheng
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory for Rheumatic Disease and Translational Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Shandong First Medical University & Shandong Provincial Qianfoshan Hospital, Jinan, China
- School of Clinical and Basic Medical Sciences, Shandong First Medical University& Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Jinan, 250117, Shandong, China
| | - Liangge Li
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory for Rheumatic Disease and Translational Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Shandong First Medical University & Shandong Provincial Qianfoshan Hospital, Jinan, China
- School of Clinical and Basic Medical Sciences, Shandong First Medical University& Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Jinan, 250117, Shandong, China
| | - Xiujing Feng
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory for Rheumatic Disease and Translational Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Shandong First Medical University & Shandong Provincial Qianfoshan Hospital, Jinan, China.
- School of Clinical and Basic Medical Sciences, Shandong First Medical University& Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Jinan, 250117, Shandong, China.
- Key Laboratory of Endocrine Glucose & Lipids Metabolism and Brain Aging, Ministry of Education; Department of Endocrinology, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, 250021, Shandong, China.
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Zhang X, Wang J, Zhang J, Tan Y, Li Y, Peng Z. Exosomes Highlight Future Directions in the Treatment of Acute Kidney Injury. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:15568. [PMID: 37958550 PMCID: PMC10650293 DOI: 10.3390/ijms242115568] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2023] [Revised: 10/19/2023] [Accepted: 10/23/2023] [Indexed: 11/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Acute kidney injury (AKI) is a severe health problem associated with high morbidity and mortality rates. It currently lacks specific therapeutic strategies. This review focuses on the mechanisms underlying the actions of exosomes derived from different cell sources, including red blood cells, macrophages, monocytes, mesenchymal stem cells, and renal tubular cells, in AKI. We also investigate the effects of various exosome contents (such as miRNA, lncRNA, circRNA, mRNA, and proteins) in promoting renal tubular cell regeneration and angiogenesis, regulating autophagy, suppressing inflammatory responses and oxidative stress, and preventing fibrosis to facilitate AKI repair. Moreover, we highlight the interactions between macrophages and renal tubular cells through exosomes, which contribute to the progression of AKI. Additionally, exosomes and their contents show promise as potential biomarkers for diagnosing AKI. The engineering of exosomes has improved their clinical potential by enhancing isolation and enrichment, target delivery to injured renal tissues, and incorporating small molecular modifications for clinical use. However, further research is needed to better understand the specific mechanisms underlying exosome actions, their delivery pathways to renal tubular cells, and the application of multi-omics research in studying AKI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoyu Zhang
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, Zhongnan Hospital, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430071, China; (X.Z.); (J.W.); (J.Z.); (Y.T.)
- Clinical Research Center of Hubei Critical Care Medicine, Wuhan 430071, China
| | - Jing Wang
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, Zhongnan Hospital, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430071, China; (X.Z.); (J.W.); (J.Z.); (Y.T.)
- Clinical Research Center of Hubei Critical Care Medicine, Wuhan 430071, China
| | - Jing Zhang
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, Zhongnan Hospital, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430071, China; (X.Z.); (J.W.); (J.Z.); (Y.T.)
- Clinical Research Center of Hubei Critical Care Medicine, Wuhan 430071, China
| | - Yuwei Tan
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, Zhongnan Hospital, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430071, China; (X.Z.); (J.W.); (J.Z.); (Y.T.)
- Clinical Research Center of Hubei Critical Care Medicine, Wuhan 430071, China
| | - Yiming Li
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, Zhongnan Hospital, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430071, China; (X.Z.); (J.W.); (J.Z.); (Y.T.)
- Clinical Research Center of Hubei Critical Care Medicine, Wuhan 430071, China
| | - Zhiyong Peng
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, Zhongnan Hospital, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430071, China; (X.Z.); (J.W.); (J.Z.); (Y.T.)
- Clinical Research Center of Hubei Critical Care Medicine, Wuhan 430071, China
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, Center of Critical Care Nephrology, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, USA
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Ramos Maia DR, Otsuki DA, Rodrigues CE, Zboril S, Sanches TR, Neto AND, Andrade L, Auler JOC. TREATMENT WITH HUMAN UMBILICAL CORD-DERIVED MESENCHYMAL STEM CELLS IN A PIG MODEL OF SEPSIS-INDUCED ACUTE KIDNEY INJURY: EFFECTS ON MICROVASCULAR ENDOTHELIAL CELLS AND TUBULAR CELLS IN THE KIDNEY. Shock 2023; 60:469-477. [PMID: 37548627 DOI: 10.1097/shk.0000000000002191] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/08/2023]
Abstract
ABSTRACT Background: Approximately 50% of patients with sepsis develop acute kidney injury (AKI), which is predictive of poor outcomes, with mortality rates of up to 70%. The endothelium is a major target for treatments aimed at preventing the complications of sepsis. We hypothesized that human umbilical cord-derived mesenchymal stem cells (hUC-MSCs) could attenuate tubular and endothelial injury in a porcine model of sepsis-induced AKI. Methods: Anesthetized pigs were induced to fecal peritonitis, resulting in septic shock, and were randomized to treatment with fluids, vasopressors, and antibiotics (sepsis group; n = 11) or to that same treatment plus infusion of 1 × 10 6 cells/kg of hUC-MSCs (sepsis+MSC group; n = 11). Results: At 24 h after sepsis induction, changes in serum creatinine and mean arterial pressure were comparable between the two groups, as was mortality. However, the sepsis+MSC group showed some significant differences in comparison with the sepsis group: lower fractional excretions of sodium and potassium; greater epithelial sodium channel protein expression; and lower protein expression of the Na-K-2Cl cotransporter and aquaporin 2 in the renal medulla. Expression of P-selectin, thrombomodulin, and vascular endothelial growth factor was significantly lower in the sepsis+MSC group than in the sepsis group, whereas that of Toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4) and nuclear factor-kappa B (NF-κB) was lower in the former. Conclusion: Treatment with hUC-MSCs seems to protect endothelial and tubular cells in sepsis-induced AKI, possibly via the TLR4/NF-κB signaling pathway. Therefore, it might be an effective treatment for sepsis-induced AKI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Débora Rothstein Ramos Maia
- Laboratory for Medical Research 8, Anesthesiology Department, Hospital das Clínicas da Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Denise Aya Otsuki
- Laboratory for Medical Research 8, Anesthesiology Department, Hospital das Clínicas da Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Camila Eleutério Rodrigues
- Laboratory for Medical Research 12, Division of Nephrology, Hospital das Clínicas da Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Sabrina Zboril
- Laboratory for Medical Research 8, Anesthesiology Department, Hospital das Clínicas da Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Talita Rojas Sanches
- Laboratory for Medical Research 12, Division of Nephrology, Hospital das Clínicas da Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Amaro Nunes Duarte Neto
- Division of Pathology, Hospital das Clínicas da Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Lúcia Andrade
- Laboratory for Medical Research 12, Division of Nephrology, Hospital das Clínicas da Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - José Otávio Costa Auler
- Laboratory for Medical Research 8, Anesthesiology Department, Hospital das Clínicas da Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
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Li N, Xu X, Qi Z, Gao C, Zhao P, Yang J, Damirin A. Lpar1-mediated Effects in Endothelial Progenitor Cells Are Crucial for Lung Repair in Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome/Acute Lung Injury. Am J Respir Cell Mol Biol 2023; 68:161-175. [PMID: 36287629 DOI: 10.1165/rcmb.2021-0331oc] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Acute respiratory distress syndrome/acute lung injury (ARDS/ALI) involves acute respiratory failure characterized by vascular endothelial and lung alveolar epithelial injury. Endothelial progenitor cells (EPCs) can mediate vasculogenesis. However, the limitations of EPCs, such as low survival and differentiation, are believed to inhibit the effectiveness of autologous cell therapies. This study demonstrated that lysophosphatidic acid (LPA), a bioactive small molecule without immunogenicity, is involved in the survival and antiapoptotic effects in human umbilical cord mesenchymal stem cells. This study aimed to explore whether LPA improves the survival of EPCs, enhancing the cellular therapeutic efficacy in ARDS, and these results will expand the application of LPA in stem cells and regenerative medicine. LPA promoted the colony formation, proliferation, and migration of EPCs and upregulated the expression of vascular endothelial-derived growth factor (VEGF) in EPCs. LPA pretreatment of transplanted EPCs improved the therapeutic effect by increasing EPC numbers in the rat lungs. LPA enhanced EPC proliferation and migration through Lpar1 coupled to Gi/o and Gq/11, respectively. Activation of extracellular signal-related kinase 1/2, or ERK1/2, was related to LPA-induced EPC proliferation but not migration. LPA/Lpar1-mediated Gi/o protein was also shown to be involved in promoting VEGF expression and inhibiting IL-1α expression in EPCs. Low LPA concentrations are present after lung injury; thus, the restoration of LPA may promote endothelial cell homeostasis and lung repair in ARDS. Inhalation of LPA significantly promoted the homing of endogenous EPCs to the lung and reduced lung injury in both rats with LPS-induced ALI and Streptococcus pneumoniae-infected mice. Taken together, these data indicated that LPA/Lpar1-mediated effects in EPCs are involved in maintaining endothelial cell homeostasis and lung tissue repair under physiological conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Narengerile Li
- The State Key Laboratory of Reproductive Regulation and Breeding of Grassland Livestock, School of Life Sciences, Inner Mongolia University, Hohhot, Inner Mongolia, China.,College of Life Sciences, Inner Mongolia Agricultural University, Hohhot, Inner Mongolia, China; and.,The Third Affiliated Hospital, Inner Mongolia Medical University, Baotou, Inner Mongolia, China
| | - Xiyuan Xu
- The Third Affiliated Hospital, Inner Mongolia Medical University, Baotou, Inner Mongolia, China
| | - Zhimin Qi
- The State Key Laboratory of Reproductive Regulation and Breeding of Grassland Livestock, School of Life Sciences, Inner Mongolia University, Hohhot, Inner Mongolia, China
| | - Chanchan Gao
- The State Key Laboratory of Reproductive Regulation and Breeding of Grassland Livestock, School of Life Sciences, Inner Mongolia University, Hohhot, Inner Mongolia, China
| | - Pengfei Zhao
- The State Key Laboratory of Reproductive Regulation and Breeding of Grassland Livestock, School of Life Sciences, Inner Mongolia University, Hohhot, Inner Mongolia, China
| | - Jingping Yang
- The Third Affiliated Hospital, Inner Mongolia Medical University, Baotou, Inner Mongolia, China
| | - Alatangaole Damirin
- The State Key Laboratory of Reproductive Regulation and Breeding of Grassland Livestock, School of Life Sciences, Inner Mongolia University, Hohhot, Inner Mongolia, China
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Shi X, Seidle KA, Simms KJ, Dong F, Chilian WM, Zhang P. Endothelial progenitor cells in the host defense response. Pharmacol Ther 2023; 241:108315. [PMID: 36436689 PMCID: PMC9944665 DOI: 10.1016/j.pharmthera.2022.108315] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/03/2022] [Revised: 11/15/2022] [Accepted: 11/21/2022] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
Extensive injury of endothelial cells in blood vasculature, especially in the microcirculatory system, frequently occurs in hosts suffering from sepsis and the accompanied systemic inflammation. Pathological factors, including toxic components derived from invading microbes, oxidative stress associated with tissue ischemia/reperfusion, and vessel active mediators generated during the inflammatory response, are known to play important roles in mediating endothelial injury. Collapse of microcirculation and tissue edema developed from the failure of endothelial barrier function in vital organ systems, including the lung, brain, and kidney, are detrimental, which often predict fatal outcomes. The host body possesses a substantial capacity for maintaining vascular homeostasis and repairing endothelial damage. Bone marrow and vascular wall niches house endothelial progenitor cells (EPCs). In response to septic challenges, EPCs in their niche environment are rapidly activated for proliferation and angiogenic differentiation. In the meantime, release of EPCs from their niches into the blood stream and homing of these vascular precursors to tissue sites of injury are markedly increased. The recruited EPCs actively participate in host defense against endothelial injury and repair of damage in blood vasculature via direct differentiation into endothelial cells for re-endothelialization as well as production of vessel active mediators to exert paracrine and autocrine effects on angiogenesis/vasculogenesis. In recent years, investigations on significance of EPCs in host defense and molecular signaling mechanisms underlying regulation of the EPC response have achieved substantial progress, which promotes exploration of vascular precursor cell-based approaches for effective prevention and treatment of sepsis-induced vascular injury as well as vital organ system failure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xin Shi
- Department of Integrative Medical Sciences, Northeast Ohio Medical University College of Medicine, Rootstown, OH 44272, United States of America
| | - Kelly A Seidle
- Department of Integrative Medical Sciences, Northeast Ohio Medical University College of Medicine, Rootstown, OH 44272, United States of America
| | - Kevin J Simms
- Department of Integrative Medical Sciences, Northeast Ohio Medical University College of Medicine, Rootstown, OH 44272, United States of America
| | - Feng Dong
- Department of Integrative Medical Sciences, Northeast Ohio Medical University College of Medicine, Rootstown, OH 44272, United States of America
| | - William M Chilian
- Department of Integrative Medical Sciences, Northeast Ohio Medical University College of Medicine, Rootstown, OH 44272, United States of America
| | - Ping Zhang
- Department of Integrative Medical Sciences, Northeast Ohio Medical University College of Medicine, Rootstown, OH 44272, United States of America.
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7
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Transplantation of Endothelial Progenitor Cells: Summary and prospect. Acta Histochem 2023; 125:151990. [PMID: 36587456 DOI: 10.1016/j.acthis.2022.151990] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2022] [Revised: 12/17/2022] [Accepted: 12/18/2022] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Endothelial Progenitor Cells (EPCs) are precursor cells of endothelial cells (ECs), which can differentiate into vascular ECs, protect from endothelial dysfunction and tissue ischemia, and reduce vascular hyperplasia. Due to these functions, EPCs are used as a candidate cell source for transplantation strategies. In recent years, a great progress was achieved in EPCs biology research, and EPCs transplantation has become a research hotspot. At present, transplanted EPCs have been used to treat ischemic diseases due to their powerful vasculogenesis and beneficial paracrine effects. Although EPCs transplantation has been proved to play an important role, the clinical application of EPCs still faces many challenges. This review briefly summarized the basic characteristics of EPCs, the process of EPCs transplantation promoting the healing of ischemic tissue, and the ways to improve the efficiency of EPCs transplantation. In addition, the application of EPCs in neurological improvement, cardiovascular and respiratory diseases and the challenges and problems in clinical application of EPCs were also discussed. In the end, the application of EPCs transplantation in regenerative medicine and tissue engineering was discussed.
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Song Y, Bai Z, Zhang Y, Chen J, Chen M, Zhang Y, Zhang X, Mai H, Wang B, Lin Y, Gu S. Protective effects of endothelial progenitor cell microvesicles on Ang II‑induced rat kidney cell injury. Mol Med Rep 2021; 25:4. [PMID: 34738620 PMCID: PMC8600403 DOI: 10.3892/mmr.2021.12520] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2021] [Accepted: 06/14/2021] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Chronic hypertension can lead to kidney damage, known as hypertensive nephropathy or hypertensive nephrosclerosis. Further understanding of the molecular mechanisms via which hypertensive nephropathy develops is essential for effective diagnosis and treatment. The present study investigated the mechanisms by which endothelial progenitor cells (EPCs) repair primary rat kidney cells (PRKs). ELISA, Cell Counting Kit-8 and flow cytometry assays were used to analyze the effects of EPCs or EPC-MVs on the oxidative stress, inflammation, cell proliferation, apoptosis and cycle of PRKs induced by AngII. A PRK injury model was established using angiotensin II (Ang II). After Ang II induction, PRK proliferation was decreased, apoptosis was increased and the cell cycle was blocked at the G1 phase before entering the S phase. It was found that the levels of reactive oxygen species and malondialdehyde were increased, while the levels of glutathione peroxidase and superoxide dismutase were decreased. Moreover, the levels of the inflammatory cytokines IL-1β, IL-6 and TNF-α were significantly increased. Thus, Ang II damaged PRKs by stimulating oxidative stress and promoting the inflammatory response. However, when PRKs were co-cultured with EPCs, the damage induced by Ang II was significantly reduced. The current study collected the microvesicles (MVs) secreted by EPCs and co-cultured them with Ang II-induced PRKs, and identified that EPC-MVs retained their protective effect on PRKs. In conclusion, EPCs protect PRKs from Ang II-induced damage via secreted MVs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanling Song
- Department of General Practice, The First Affiliated Hospital of Hainan Medical University, Haikou, Hainan 570100, P.R. China
| | - Zhenbing Bai
- Hainan Medical University, Haikou, Hainan 570100, P.R. China
| | - Yuanyuan Zhang
- Department of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Hainan Medical University, Haikou, Hainan 570100, P.R. China
| | - Juming Chen
- Department of General Practice, The First Affiliated Hospital of Hainan Medical University, Haikou, Hainan 570100, P.R. China
| | - Minghui Chen
- Department of General Practice, The First Affiliated Hospital of Hainan Medical University, Haikou, Hainan 570100, P.R. China
| | - Yunbo Zhang
- Department of General Practice, The First Affiliated Hospital of Hainan Medical University, Haikou, Hainan 570100, P.R. China
| | - Xiaodian Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Tropical Cardiovascular Diseases Research of Hainan Province, The First Affiliated Hospital of Hainan Medical University, Haikou, Hainan 570100, P.R. China
| | - Huade Mai
- Department of General Practice, The First Affiliated Hospital of Hainan Medical University, Haikou, Hainan 570100, P.R. China
| | - Bingshu Wang
- Key Laboratory of Tropical Cardiovascular Diseases Research of Hainan Province, The First Affiliated Hospital of Hainan Medical University, Haikou, Hainan 570100, P.R. China
| | - Yunyun Lin
- Department of General Practice, The First Affiliated Hospital of Hainan Medical University, Haikou, Hainan 570100, P.R. China
| | - Shenhong Gu
- Department of General Practice, The First Affiliated Hospital of Hainan Medical University, Haikou, Hainan 570100, P.R. China
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Endothelial progenitor cells-derived exosomal microRNA-21-5p alleviates sepsis-induced acute kidney injury by inhibiting RUNX1 expression. Cell Death Dis 2021; 12:335. [PMID: 33785732 PMCID: PMC8009943 DOI: 10.1038/s41419-021-03578-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2020] [Revised: 02/17/2021] [Accepted: 02/19/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
The role of microRNA-21-5p (miR-21-5p) in sepsis-induced acute kidney injury (AKI) has been seldom discussed. Therefore, the objective of this present study was to investigate the mechanism of endothelial progenitor cells-derived exosomes (EPCs-exos) in sepsis-induced AKI via miR-21-5p/runt-related transcription factor 1 (RUNX1) axis. miR-21-5p was downregulated and RUNX1 was upregulated in the kidney of cecal ligation and puncture (CLP) rats, and miR-21-5p targeted RUNX1. Elevation of miR-21-5p improved renal function and renal tissue pathological damage, attenuated serum inflammatory response, as well as reduced apoptosis and oxidative stress response in renal tissues, and regulated endothelial glycocalyx damage marker proteins syndecan-1 and heparanase-1 in CLP rats. Overexpression of RUNX1 abolished the impacts of elevated miR-21-5p in CLP rats. Also, EPCs-exos upregulated miR-21-5p expression, and functioned similar to elevation of miR-21-5p for CLP rats. Downregulating miR-21-5p partially reversed the effects of EPCs-exos on sepsis-induced AKI. Collectively, our study suggests that EPCs release miR-21-5p-containing exosomes to alleviate sepsis-induced AKI through RUNX1 silencing.
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He Z, Wang H, Yue L. Endothelial progenitor cells-secreted extracellular vesicles containing microRNA-93-5p confer protection against sepsis-induced acute kidney injury via the KDM6B/H3K27me3/TNF-α axis. Exp Cell Res 2020; 395:112173. [PMID: 32679234 DOI: 10.1016/j.yexcr.2020.112173] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2020] [Revised: 06/03/2020] [Accepted: 07/07/2020] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
The pivotal pathogenetic role of microRNAs (miRs) in sepsis-induced acute kidney injury (AKI) has been demonstrated in mounting evidence. The functions of the target cells are regulated through the release of cells-encapsulated extracellular vesicles (Evs) into the extracellular space. The present study aims to elucidate the clinical significance as well as biological function of the endothelial progenitor cell (EPC)-derived Evs containing miR-93-5p in sepsis-induced AKI. We first established a cellular sepsis-induced AKI mouse model by treatment with lipopolysaccharide (LPS), and tested ectopic expression and depletion experiments in the model. Evs derived from miR-93-5p inhibitor-transfected EPCs (Evs/miR-93-5p inhibitor) were isolated, and co-cultured with HK2 cells to explore the effects of EPC-derived Evs overexpressing miR-93-5p on LPS-induced HK2 cell injury. The interaction between miR-93-5p and lysine (K)-specific demethylase 6B (KDM6B) was identified using dual-luciferase reporter assay, and ChIP was used to validate the relationship between KDM6B and tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α). Mice were made septic by cecal ligation and puncture (CLP), and then injected with Ev/miR-93-5p inhibitor to explore its functions in vivo. The results found that miR-93-5p and histone H3 Lys27 trimethylation (H3K27me3) were downregulated while KDM6B was upregulated in LPS-treated HK2 cells. EPC-derived Evs alleviated LPS-induced HK2 cell injury, while Ev/miR-93-5p inhibitor potentiated the cell injury in vitro. miR-93-5p was found to directly target KDM6B. Silencing KDM6B induced H3K27me3, inhibiting the activation of TNF-α, thereby weakening LPS-induced HK2 cell injury. EPC-derived Evs containing miR-93-5p attenuated multiple organ injury, vascular leakage, inflammation, and apoptosis in septic mice. In conclusion, the present study demonstrated that endothelial protection from EPC-derived Evs carrying miR-93-5p in sepsis-induced AKI, which was mediated by regulation KDM6BH/3K27me3/TNF-α axis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhonghua He
- Department of Infectious Disease, Beijing Luhe Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 101149, PR China
| | - Haixia Wang
- Dispensing Room, Beijing Luhe Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 101149, PR China
| | - Lingju Yue
- Department of Geriatrics, Beijing Luhe Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 101149, PR China.
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11
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Magrone T, Jirillo E. Sepsis: From Historical Aspects to Novel Vistas. Pathogenic and Therapeutic Considerations. Endocr Metab Immune Disord Drug Targets 2020; 19:490-502. [PMID: 30857516 DOI: 10.2174/1871530319666181129112708] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2018] [Revised: 05/30/2018] [Accepted: 05/31/2018] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Sepsis is a clinical condition due to an infectious event which leads to an early hyper-inflammatory phase followed by a status of tolerance or immune paralysis. Hyper-inflammation derives from a massive activation of immune (neutrophils, monocytes/macrophages, dendritic cells and lymphocytes) and non-immune cells (platelets and endothelial cells) in response to Gram-negative and Gram-positive bacteria and fungi. DISCUSSION A storm of pro-inflammatory cytokines and reactive oxygen species accounts for the systemic inflammatory response syndrome. In this phase, bacterial clearance may be associated with a severe organ failure development. Tolerance or compensatory anti-inflammatory response syndrome (CARS) depends on the production of anti-inflammatory mediators, such as interleukin-10, secreted by T regulatory cells. However, once triggered, CARS, if prolonged, may also be detrimental to the host, thus reducing bacterial clearance. CONCLUSION In this review, the description of pathogenic mechanisms of sepsis is propaedeutic to the illustration of novel therapeutic attempts for the prevention or attenuation of experimental sepsis as well as of clinical trials. In this direction, inhibitors of NF-κB pathway, cell therapy and use of dietary products in sepsis will be described in detail.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thea Magrone
- Department of Basic Medical Sciences, Neuroscience and Sensory Organs, University of Bari, School of Medicine, Bari, Italy
| | - Emilio Jirillo
- Department of Basic Medical Sciences, Neuroscience and Sensory Organs, University of Bari, School of Medicine, Bari, Italy
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12
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Sueblinvong V, Weiss DJ. Acute Lung Injury: Endothelial Progenitor Cells to the Rescue? Am J Med Sci 2019; 357:1-2. [PMID: 30446164 DOI: 10.1016/j.amjms.2018.10.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/10/2018] [Revised: 10/01/2018] [Accepted: 10/04/2018] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Viranuj Sueblinvong
- Pulmonary, Allergy, Critical Care, and Sleep Medicine, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, Georgia.
| | - Daniel J Weiss
- Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, University of Vermont College of Medicine, Burlington, Vermont
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13
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Zhou Y, Li P, Goodwin AJ, Cook JA, Halushka PV, Chang E, Fan H. Exosomes from Endothelial Progenitor Cells Improve the Outcome of a Murine Model of Sepsis. Mol Ther 2018; 26:1375-1384. [PMID: 29599080 DOI: 10.1016/j.ymthe.2018.02.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 154] [Impact Index Per Article: 22.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2017] [Revised: 02/15/2018] [Accepted: 02/22/2018] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Microvascular dysfunction leads to multi-organ failure and mortality in sepsis. Our previous studies demonstrated that administration of exogenous endothelial progenitor cells (EPCs) confers protection in sepsis as evidenced by reduced vascular leakage, improved organ function, and increased survival. We hypothesize that EPCs protect the microvasculature through the exosomes-mediated transfer of microRNAs (miRNAs). Mice were rendered septic by cecal ligation and puncture (CLP), and EPC exosomes were administered intravenously at 4 hr after CLP. EPC exosomes treatment improved survival, suppressing lung and renal vascular leakage, and reducing liver and kidney dysfunction in septic mice. EPC exosomes attenuated sepsis-induced increases in plasma levels of cytokines and chemokine. Moreover, we determined miRNA contents of EPC exosomes with next-generation sequencing and found abundant miR-126-3p and 5p. We demonstrated that exosomal miR-126-5p and 3p suppressed LPS-induced high mobility group box 1 (HMGB1) and vascular cell adhesion molecule 1 (VCAM1) levels, respectively, in human microvascular endothelial cells (HMVECs). Inhibition of microRNA-126-5p and 3p through transfection with microRNA-126-5p and 3p inhibitors abrogated the beneficial effect of EPC exosomes. The inhibition of exosomal microRNA-126 failed to block LPS-induced increase in HMGB1 and VCAM1 protein levels in HMVECs and negated the protective effect of exosomes on sepsis survival. Thus, EPC exosomes prevent microvascular dysfunction and improve sepsis outcomes potentially through the delivery of miR-126.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yue Zhou
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC 29425, USA; Department of Biopharmaceutics, College of Pharmacy, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210000, China
| | - Pengfei Li
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC 29425, USA
| | - Andrew J Goodwin
- Department of Pulmonary, Critical Care, Allergy, and Sleep Medicine, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC 29425, USA
| | - James A Cook
- Department of Neurosciences, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC 29425, USA
| | - Perry V Halushka
- Department of Medicine, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC 29425, USA; Department of Pharmacology, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC 29425, USA
| | - Eugene Chang
- Department of Obstetrics-Gynecology, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC 29425, USA
| | - Hongkuan Fan
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC 29425, USA; Department of Regenerative Medicine and Cell Biology, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC 29425, USA.
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14
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Guillamat-Prats R, Camprubí-Rimblas M, Bringué J, Tantinyà N, Artigas A. Cell therapy for the treatment of sepsis and acute respiratory distress syndrome. ANNALS OF TRANSLATIONAL MEDICINE 2017; 5:446. [PMID: 29264363 DOI: 10.21037/atm.2017.08.28] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Sepsis and acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) are life threating diseases with high mortality and morbidity in all the critical care units around the world. After decades of research, and numerous pre-clinical and clinical trials, sepsis and ARDS remain without a specific and effective pharmacotherapy and essentially the management remains supportive. In the last years cell therapies gained potential as a therapeutic treatment for ARDS and sepsis. Based on numerous pre-clinical studies, there is a growing evidence of the potential benefits of cell based therapies for the treatment of sepsis and ARDS. Several cell types are used in the last years for the treatment of both syndromes showing high efficiency. Embryonic stem cells (ESC), multipotent stem (or stromal) cells (MSC) and epithelial progenitors cells (EpPC) have been used for both diseases. Nowadays, the major part of the pre-clinical studies are using MSC, however other relevant groups are also using induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSC) for the treatment of both syndromes and alveolar type II cells for ARDS treatment. Numerous questions need further study including: determining the best source for the progenitor cells isolation, their large scale production and cryopreservation. Also, the heterogeneity of patients with sepsis and ARDS is massive, and establish a target population or the stratification of the patients will help us to determine better the therapeutic effect of these cell therapies. In this review we are going to describe briefly the different cell types, their potential sources and characteristics and mechanism of action. Here, also we elucidate the results of several pre-clicinical and clinical studies in ARDS and in sepsis and the future directions of these studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Raquel Guillamat-Prats
- Centro de Investigaciones Biomédicas en Red de Enfermedades Respiratorias (CIBERES), Madrid, Spain.,Institut d'Investigació i Innovació Parc Taulí (I3PT), Sabadell, Catalonia, Spain
| | - Marta Camprubí-Rimblas
- Centro de Investigaciones Biomédicas en Red de Enfermedades Respiratorias (CIBERES), Madrid, Spain.,Institut d'Investigació i Innovació Parc Taulí (I3PT), Sabadell, Catalonia, Spain.,Universitat Autonoma de Barcelona, Bellaterra, Catalonia, Spain
| | - Josep Bringué
- Centro de Investigaciones Biomédicas en Red de Enfermedades Respiratorias (CIBERES), Madrid, Spain.,Institut d'Investigació i Innovació Parc Taulí (I3PT), Sabadell, Catalonia, Spain.,Universitat Autonoma de Barcelona, Bellaterra, Catalonia, Spain
| | - Neus Tantinyà
- Centro de Investigaciones Biomédicas en Red de Enfermedades Respiratorias (CIBERES), Madrid, Spain.,Institut d'Investigació i Innovació Parc Taulí (I3PT), Sabadell, Catalonia, Spain
| | - Antonio Artigas
- Centro de Investigaciones Biomédicas en Red de Enfermedades Respiratorias (CIBERES), Madrid, Spain.,Institut d'Investigació i Innovació Parc Taulí (I3PT), Sabadell, Catalonia, Spain.,Universitat Autonoma de Barcelona, Bellaterra, Catalonia, Spain.,Critical Care Center, Corporació Sanitària i Universitària Parc Taulí, Sabadell, Catalonia, Spain
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15
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Intravenous Arginine Administration Promotes Proangiogenic Cells Mobilization and Attenuates Lung Injury in Mice with Polymicrobial Sepsis. Nutrients 2017; 9:nu9050507. [PMID: 28513569 PMCID: PMC5452237 DOI: 10.3390/nu9050507] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2017] [Revised: 05/13/2017] [Accepted: 05/15/2017] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
This study investigated the influence of intravenous arginine (Arg) administration on alteration of circulating proangiogenic cells and remote lung injury in a model of polymicrobial sepsis. Mice were assigned to one normal control group (NC) and two sepsis groups that were induced by cecal ligation and puncture (CLP). One of the sepsis groups was injected with saline (SS), whereas the other (SA) was administered with a single bolus of 300 mg Arg/kg body weight via the tail vein 1 h after CLP. Septic mice were sacrificed at either 24 or 48 h after CLP, with their blood and lung tissues collected for analysis. Results showed that septic groups had higher proangiogenic cells releasing factors and proangiogenic cells percentage in blood. Also, concentration of inflammatory cytokines and expression of angiopoietin (Angpt)/Tie-2 genes in lung tissues were upregulated. Arg administration promoted mobilization of circulating proangiogenic cells while it downregulated the production of inflammatory cytokines and expression of Angpt/Tie-2 genes in the lung. The results of this investigation suggested that intravenous administration of Arg shortly after the onset of sepsis enhanced the mobilization of circulating proangiogenic cells, maintained the homeostasis of the Angpt/Tie-2 axis, and attenuated remote organ injury in polymicrobial sepsis.
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