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Li T, Li J, Bo L, Bachman H, Fan B, Cheng J, Tian Z. Robot-assisted chirality-tunable acoustic vortex tweezers for contactless, multifunctional, 4-DOF object manipulation. SCIENCE ADVANCES 2024; 10:eadm7698. [PMID: 38787945 PMCID: PMC11122681 DOI: 10.1126/sciadv.adm7698] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/11/2023] [Accepted: 04/19/2024] [Indexed: 05/26/2024]
Abstract
Robotic manipulation of small objects has shown great potential for engineering, biology, and chemistry research. However, existing robotic platforms have difficulty in achieving contactless, high-resolution, 4-degrees-of-freedom (4-DOF) manipulation of small objects, and noninvasive maneuvering of objects in regions shielded by tissue and bone barriers. Here, we present chirality-tunable acoustic vortex tweezers that can tune acoustic vortex chirality, transmit through biological barriers, trap single micro- to millimeter-sized objects, and control object rotation. Assisted by programmable robots, our acoustic systems further enable contactless, high-resolution translation of single objects. Our systems were demonstrated by tuning acoustic vortex chirality, controlling object rotation, and translating objects along arbitrary-shaped paths. Moreover, we used our systems to trap single objects in regions with tissue and skull barriers and translate an object inside a Y-shaped channel of a thick biomimetic phantom. In addition, we showed the function of ultrasound imaging-assisted acoustic manipulation by monitoring acoustic object manipulation via live ultrasound imaging.
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Affiliation(s)
- Teng Li
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University, Blacksburg, VA 24060, USA
| | - Jiali Li
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University, Blacksburg, VA 24060, USA
| | - Luyu Bo
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University, Blacksburg, VA 24060, USA
| | - Hunter Bachman
- Department of Mechanical Engineering and Engineering Sciences, University of North Carolina at Charlotte, Charlotte, NC 28223, USA
| | - Bei Fan
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI 48824, USA
| | - Jiangtao Cheng
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University, Blacksburg, VA 24060, USA
| | - Zhenhua Tian
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University, Blacksburg, VA 24060, USA
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2
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Lai TW, Tennakoon T, Chan KC, Liu CH, Chao CYH, Fu SC. The effect of microchannel height on the acoustophoretic motion of sub-micron particles. ULTRASONICS 2024; 136:107126. [PMID: 37553269 DOI: 10.1016/j.ultras.2023.107126] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/11/2022] [Revised: 06/19/2023] [Accepted: 07/26/2023] [Indexed: 08/10/2023]
Abstract
Acoustophoresis is an effective technique for particle manipulation. Acoustic radiation force scales with particle volume, enabling size separation. Yet, isolating sub-micron particles remains a challenge due to the acoustic streaming effect (ASE). While some studies confirmed the focusing ability of ASE, others reported continuous stirring effects. To investigate the parameters that influence ASE-induced particle motion in a microchannel, this study examined the effect of microchannel height and particle size. We employed standing surface acoustic wave (SSAW) to manipulate polystyrene particles suspended in the water-filled microchannel. The results show that ASE can direct particles as small as 0.31 µm in diameter to the centre of the streaming vortices, and increasing the channel height enhances the focusing effect. Smaller particles circulate in the streaming vortices continuously, with no movement towards the centres. We also discovered that when the channel height is at least 0.75 the fluid wavelength, particles transitioning from acoustic radiation-dominated to ASE-dominated share the same equilibrium position, which differs from the pressure nodes and the vortices' centres. The spatial distance between particles in different categories can lead to particle separation. Therefore, ASE is a potential alternative mechanism for sub-micron particle sorting when the channel height is accurately adjusted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tsz Wai Lai
- Department of Building Environment and Energy Engineering, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hong Kong, China
| | - Thilhara Tennakoon
- Department of Building Environment and Energy Engineering, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hong Kong, China
| | - Ka Chung Chan
- Department of Building Environment and Energy Engineering, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hong Kong, China
| | - Chun-Ho Liu
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Christopher Yu Hang Chao
- Department of Building Environment and Energy Engineering, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hong Kong, China; Department of Mechanical Engineering, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hong Kong, China
| | - Sau Chung Fu
- Department of Building Environment and Energy Engineering, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hong Kong, China.
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Comeau ES, Vander Horst MA, Raeman CH, Child SZ, Hocking DC, Dalecki D. In vivo acoustic patterning of endothelial cells for tissue vascularization. Sci Rep 2023; 13:16082. [PMID: 37752255 PMCID: PMC10522665 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-43299-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/16/2023] [Accepted: 09/21/2023] [Indexed: 09/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Strategies to fabricate microvascular networks that structurally and functionally mimic native microvessels are needed to address a host of clinical conditions associated with tissue ischemia. The objective of this work was to advance a novel ultrasound technology to fabricate complex, functional microvascular networks directly in vivo. Acoustic patterning utilizes forces within an ultrasound standing wave field (USWF) to organize cells or microparticles volumetrically into defined geometric assemblies. A dual-transducer system was developed to generate USWFs site-specifically in vivo through interference of two ultrasound fields. The system rapidly patterned injected cells or microparticles into parallel sheets within collagen hydrogels in vivo. Acoustic patterning of injected endothelial cells within flanks of immunodeficient mice gave rise to perfused microvessels within 7 days of patterning, whereas non-patterned cells did not survive. Thus, externally-applied ultrasound fields guided injected endothelial cells to self-assemble into perfused microvascular networks in vivo. These studies advance acoustic patterning towards in vivo tissue engineering by providing the first proof-of-concept demonstration that non-invasive, ultrasound-mediated cell patterning can be used to fabricate functional microvascular networks directly in vivo.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eric S Comeau
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Rochester, 308 Goergen Hall, P.O. Box 270168, Rochester, NY, 14627, USA
| | - Melinda A Vander Horst
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Rochester, 308 Goergen Hall, P.O. Box 270168, Rochester, NY, 14627, USA
| | - Carol H Raeman
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Rochester, 308 Goergen Hall, P.O. Box 270168, Rochester, NY, 14627, USA
| | - Sally Z Child
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Rochester, 308 Goergen Hall, P.O. Box 270168, Rochester, NY, 14627, USA
| | - Denise C Hocking
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Rochester, 308 Goergen Hall, P.O. Box 270168, Rochester, NY, 14627, USA
- Department of Pharmacology and Physiology, University of Rochester, 601 Elmwood Avenue, Box 711, Rochester, NY, 14642, USA
| | - Diane Dalecki
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Rochester, 308 Goergen Hall, P.O. Box 270168, Rochester, NY, 14627, USA.
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Wang S, Wang X, You F, Xiao H. Review of Ultrasonic Particle Manipulation Techniques: Applications and Research Advances. MICROMACHINES 2023; 14:1487. [PMID: 37630023 PMCID: PMC10456655 DOI: 10.3390/mi14081487] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2023] [Revised: 07/06/2023] [Accepted: 07/21/2023] [Indexed: 08/27/2023]
Abstract
Ultrasonic particle manipulation technique is a non-contact label-free method for manipulating micro- and nano-scale particles using ultrasound, which has obvious advantages over traditional optical, magnetic, and electrical micro-manipulation techniques; it has gained extensive attention in micro-nano manipulation in recent years. This paper introduces the basic principles and manipulation methods of ultrasonic particle manipulation techniques, provides a detailed overview of the current mainstream acoustic field generation methods, and also highlights, in particular, the applicable scenarios for different numbers and arrangements of ultrasonic transducer devices. Ultrasonic transducer arrays have been used extensively in various particle manipulation applications, and many sound field reconstruction algorithms based on ultrasonic transducer arrays have been proposed one after another. In this paper, unlike most other previous reviews on ultrasonic particle manipulation, we analyze and summarize the current reconstruction algorithms for generating sound fields based on ultrasonic transducer arrays and compare these algorithms. Finally, we explore the applications of ultrasonic particle manipulation technology in engineering and biological fields and summarize and forecast the research progress of ultrasonic particle manipulation technology. We believe that this review will provide superior guidance for ultrasonic particle manipulation methods based on the study of micro and nano operations.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Xuewei Wang
- College of Information Engineering, Beijing Institute of Graphic Communication, Beijing 102627, China; (S.W.)
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Heo J, Park JH, Kim HJ, Pahk K, Pahk KJ. Sonothrombolysis with an acoustic net-assisted boiling histotripsy: A proof-of-concept study. ULTRASONICS SONOCHEMISTRY 2023; 96:106435. [PMID: 37178667 DOI: 10.1016/j.ultsonch.2023.106435] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2023] [Revised: 05/03/2023] [Accepted: 05/04/2023] [Indexed: 05/15/2023]
Abstract
Whilst sonothrombolysis is a promising and noninvasive ultrasound technique for treating blood clots, bleeding caused by thrombolytic agents used for dissolving clots and potential obstruction of blood flow by detached clots (i.e., embolus) are the major limitations of the current approach. In the present study, a new sonothrombolysis method is proposed for treating embolus without the use of thrombolytic drugs. Our proposed method involves (a) generating a spatially localised acoustic radiation force in a blood vessel against the blood flow to trap moving blood clots (i.e., generation of an acoustic net), (b) producing acoustic cavitation to mechanically destroy the trapped embolus, and (c) acoustically monitoring the trapping and mechanical fractionation processes. Three different ultrasound transducers with different purposes were employed in the proposed method: (1) 1-MHz dual focused ultrasound (dFUS) transducers for capturing moving blood clots, (2) a 2-MHz High Intensity Focused Ultrasound (HIFU) source for fractionating blood clots and (3) a passive acoustic emission detector with broad bandwidth (10 kHz to 20 MHz) for receiving and analysing acoustic waves scattered from a trapped embolus and acoustic cavitation. To demonstrate the feasibility of the proposed method, in vitro experiments with an optically transparent blood vessel-mimicking phantom filled with a blood mimicking fluid and a blood clot (1.2 to 5 mm in diameter) were performed with varying the dFUS and HIFU exposure conditions under various flow conditions (from 1.77 to 6.19 cm/s). A high-speed camera was used to observe the production of acoustic fields, acoustic cavitation formation and blood clot fragmentation within a blood vessel by the proposed method. Numerical simulations of acoustic and temperature fields generated under a given exposure condition were also conducted to further interpret experimental results on the proposed sonothrombolysis. Our results clearly showed that fringe pattern-like acoustic pressure fields (fringe width of 1 mm) produced in a blood vessel by the dFUS captured an embolus (1.2 to 5 mm in diameter) at the flow velocity up to 6.19 cm/s. This was likely to be due to the greater magnitude of the dFUS-induced acoustic radiation force exerted on an embolus in the opposite direction to the flow in a blood vessel than that of the drag force produced by the flow. The acoustically trapped embolus was then mechanically destructed into small pieces of debris (18 to 60 μm sized residual fragments) by the HIFU-induced strong cavitation without damaging the blood vessel walls. We also observed that acoustic emissions emitted from a blood clot captured by the dFUS and cavitation produced by the HIFU were clearly distinguished in the frequency domain. Taken together, these results can suggest that our proposed sonothrombolysis method could be used as a promising tool for treating thrombosis and embolism through capturing and destroying blood clots effectively.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jeongmin Heo
- Bionics Research Center, Biomedical Research Institute, Korea Institute of Science and Technology (KIST), Seoul 02792, Republic of Korea
| | - Jun Hong Park
- Department of Radiology, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
| | - Hyo Jun Kim
- LAAS-CNRS, University of Toulouse, CNRS, Toulouse, France
| | - Kisoo Pahk
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Korea University College of Medicine, Seoul 02841, Republic of Korea
| | - Ki Joo Pahk
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Kyung Hee University, Yongin 17104, Republic of Korea.
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Sepehrirahnama S, Oberst S, Chiang YK, Powell DA. Willis Coupling-Induced Acoustic Radiation Force and Torque Reversal. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 2022; 129:174501. [PMID: 36332239 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.129.174501] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2021] [Accepted: 09/29/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Acoustic meta-atoms serve as the building blocks of metamaterials, with linear properties designed to achieve functions such as beam steering, cloaking, and focusing. They have also been used to shape the characteristics of incident acoustic fields, which led to the manipulation of acoustic radiation force and torque for development of acoustic tweezers with improved spatial resolution. However, acoustic radiation force and torque also depend on the shape of the object, which strongly affects its scattering properties. We show that by designing linear properties of an object using metamaterial concepts, the nonlinear acoustic effects of radiation force and torque can be controlled. Trapped objects are typically small compared with the wavelength, and are described as particles, inducing monopole and dipole scattering. We extend such models to a polarizability tensor including Willis coupling terms, as a measure of asymmetry, capturing the significance of geometrical features. We apply our model to a three-dimensional, subwavelength meta-atom with maximal Willis coupling, demonstrating that the force and the torque can be reversed relative to an equivalent symmetrical particle. By considering shape asymmetry in the acoustic radiation force and torque, Gorkov's fundamental theory of acoustophoresis is thereby extended. Asymmetrical shapes influence the acoustic fields by shifting the stable trapping location, highlighting a potential for tunable, shape-dependent particle sorting.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shahrokh Sepehrirahnama
- Centre for Audio, Acoustics and Vibration, University of Technology Sydney, Sydney, NSW 2007, Australia
| | - Sebastian Oberst
- Centre for Audio, Acoustics and Vibration, University of Technology Sydney, Sydney, NSW 2007, Australia
| | - Yan Kei Chiang
- School of Engineering and Information Technology, University of New South Wales, Canberra, ACT 2600, Australia
| | - David A Powell
- School of Engineering and Information Technology, University of New South Wales, Canberra, ACT 2600, Australia
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Sepehrirahnama S, Oberst S, Chiang YK, Powell D. Acoustic radiation force and radiation torque beyond particles: Effects of nonspherical shape and Willis coupling. Phys Rev E 2021; 104:065003. [PMID: 35030931 DOI: 10.1103/physreve.104.065003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2021] [Accepted: 11/22/2021] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
Acoustophoresis mainly deals with the manipulation of subwavelength scatterers in an incident acoustic field. The geometric details of manipulated particles are often neglected by replacing them with equivalent symmetric geometries such as spheres, spheroids, cylinders, or disks. It has been demonstrated that geometric asymmetry, represented by Willis coupling terms, can strongly affect the scattering of a small object; hence neglecting these terms may miss important force contributions. In this work, we present a generalized formalism of acoustic radiation force and radiation torque based on the polarizability tensor, where Willis coupling terms are included to account for geometric asymmetry. Following Gorkov's approach, the effects of geometric asymmetry are explicitly formulated as additional terms in the radiation force and torque expressions. By breaking the symmetry of a sphere along one axis using intrusion and protrusion, we characterize the changes in the force and torque in terms of partial components, associated with the direct and Willis coupling coefficients of the polarizability tensor. We investigate the cases of standing and traveling plane waves and show how the equilibrium positions and angles are shifted by these additional terms. We show that while the contributions of asymmetry to the force are often negligible for small particles, these terms greatly affect the radiation torque. Our presented theory, providing a way of calculating radiation force and torque directly from polarizability coefficients, shows that it is essential to account for shape of objects undergoing acoustophoretic manipulation, with important implications for applications such as the manipulation of biological cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shahrokh Sepehrirahnama
- Centre for Audio, Acoustics and Vibration, University of Technology Sydney, Sydney 2007, Australia
| | - Sebastian Oberst
- Centre for Audio, Acoustics and Vibration, University of Technology Sydney, Sydney 2007, Australia
| | - Yan Kei Chiang
- School of Engineering and Information Technology, University of New South Wales, Canberra ACT 2610, Australia
| | - David Powell
- School of Engineering and Information Technology, University of New South Wales, Canberra ACT 2610, Australia
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8
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Zhou X, Ren L, Liu Q, Song Z, Wu Q, He Y, Li B, Ren L. Advances in Field-Assisted 3D Printing of Bio-Inspired Composites: From Bioprototyping to Manufacturing. Macromol Biosci 2021; 22:e2100332. [PMID: 34784100 DOI: 10.1002/mabi.202100332] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/20/2021] [Revised: 10/21/2021] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
Biocomposite systems evolve to superior structural strategies in adapting to their living environments, using limited materials to form functionality superior to their inherent properties. The synergy of physical-field and Three-dimensional (3D) printing technologies creates unprecedented opportunities that overcome the limitations of traditional manufacturing methods and enable the precise replication of bio-enhanced structures. Here, an overview of typical structural designs in biocomposite systems, their functions and properties, are provided and the recent advances in bio-inspired composites using mechanical, electrical, magnetic, and ultrasound-field-assisted 3D printing techniques are highlighted. Finally, in order to realize the preparation of bionic functional devices and equipment with more superior functions, here an outlook on the development of field-assisted 3D printing technology from three aspects are provided: Materials, technology, and post-processing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xueli Zhou
- Key Laboratory of Bionic Engineering (Ministry of Education), Jilin University, Changchun, 130022, P. R. China
| | - Luquan Ren
- Key Laboratory of Bionic Engineering (Ministry of Education), Jilin University, Changchun, 130022, P. R. China
| | - Qingping Liu
- Key Laboratory of Bionic Engineering (Ministry of Education), Jilin University, Changchun, 130022, P. R. China
| | - Zhengyi Song
- Key Laboratory of Bionic Engineering (Ministry of Education), Jilin University, Changchun, 130022, P. R. China
| | - Qian Wu
- Key Laboratory of Bionic Engineering (Ministry of Education), Jilin University, Changchun, 130022, P. R. China
| | - Yulin He
- Key Laboratory of Bionic Engineering (Ministry of Education), Jilin University, Changchun, 130022, P. R. China
| | - Bingqian Li
- Key Laboratory of Bionic Engineering (Ministry of Education), Jilin University, Changchun, 130022, P. R. China
| | - Lei Ren
- Key Laboratory of Bionic Engineering (Ministry of Education), Jilin University, Changchun, 130022, P. R. China.,School of Mechanical, Aerospace and Civil Engineering, University of Manchester, Manchester, M13 9PL, UK
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Shi J, Li S, Zhang X. The acoustic radiation force on a multi-layered polymer capsule placed in a fluid-filled tube. ULTRASONICS 2021; 113:106365. [PMID: 33548758 DOI: 10.1016/j.ultras.2021.106365] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/18/2020] [Revised: 01/06/2021] [Accepted: 01/15/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Acoustic manipulation has a series of application in biomedicine, colloidal assembly, and chemistry. A three-layered polymer capsule is generally used structure in manipulation system because it has better protection to the core filled drug or compounds and possesses higher flexibility. In this paper, a theoretical model of acoustic radiation force acting on a three-layered drug capsule in a vessel is established. The acoustic radiation force on a capsule, which comprises of a drug core, a poly(lactide-co-glycolide) mid shell and a chitosan outer shell in the cylindrical tube filled with ideal fluid, is calculated using acoustic wave theory. The influences of the tube, the surrounding fluid and the geometric size of chitosan, poly(lactide-co-glycolide) shell and drug core on acoustic radiation force are investigated. The numerical simulations based on finite element method are introduced to compute the acoustic radiation force and compared with the analytical results. Moreover, the comparison among the capsule in impedance tube, in rigid tube and in unbounded space is obtained simulating specific environment. Simulation results show that the influences of the rigid tube on the acoustic radiation force of the capsule can be ignored when the capsule is much smaller than the radius of the tube. With the increase of the capsule radius, the acoustic radiation force of the capsule changes demonstrably with the frequency and the tube radius because of the influence of the reflective wave resulted from the inner surface of the tube. The properties of the surrounding fluid affect the position of the resonant peaks. Outer radius and mid layer radius have more effects on the acoustic radiation force, but the drug core radius almost exerts no effect on it. The study illustrates that the capsule can be manipulated by acoustic wave with the suitable selection for the outer or mid shell radii, and the selection of drug core radius is of more freedom in this process.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jingyao Shi
- Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Ultrasonics, School of Physics & Information Technology, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi'an 710119, China
| | - Shuyuan Li
- Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Ultrasonics, School of Physics & Information Technology, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi'an 710119, China
| | - Xiaofeng Zhang
- Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Ultrasonics, School of Physics & Information Technology, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi'an 710119, China.
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10
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Soto F, Wang J, Deshmukh S, Demirci U. Reversible Design of Dynamic Assemblies at Small Scales. ADVANCED INTELLIGENT SYSTEMS (WEINHEIM AN DER BERGSTRASSE, GERMANY) 2021; 3:2000193. [PMID: 35663639 PMCID: PMC9165726 DOI: 10.1002/aisy.202000193] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/15/2020] [Indexed: 05/08/2023]
Abstract
Emerging bottom-up fabrication methods have enabled the assembly of synthetic colloids, microrobots, living cells, and organoids to create intricate structures with unique properties that transcend their individual components. This review provides an access point to the latest developments in externally driven assembly of synthetic and biological components. In particular, we emphasize reversibility, which enables the fabrication of multiscale systems that would not be possible under traditional techniques. Magnetic, acoustic, optical, and electric fields are the most promising methods for controlling the reversible assembly of biological and synthetic subunits since they can reprogram their assembly by switching on/off the external field or shaping these fields. We feature capabilities to dynamically actuate the assembly configuration by modulating the properties of the external stimuli, including frequency and amplitude. We describe the design principles which enable the assembly of reconfigurable structures. Finally, we foresee that the high degree of control capabilities offered by externally driven assembly will enable broad access to increasingly robust design principles towards building advanced dynamic intelligent systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fernando Soto
- Bio-Acoustic MEMS in Medicine (BAMM) Laboratory, Canary Center at Stanford for Cancer Early Detection, Department of Radiology, School of Medicine Stanford University, Palo Alto, California, 94304-5427, USA
- Canary Center at Stanford for Cancer Early Detection, Department of Radiology, School of Medicine, Stanford University, Palo Alto, California 94304-5427, USA
| | - Jie Wang
- Bio-Acoustic MEMS in Medicine (BAMM) Laboratory, Canary Center at Stanford for Cancer Early Detection, Department of Radiology, School of Medicine Stanford University, Palo Alto, California, 94304-5427, USA
- Canary Center at Stanford for Cancer Early Detection, Department of Radiology, School of Medicine, Stanford University, Palo Alto, California 94304-5427, USA
| | - Shreya Deshmukh
- Bio-Acoustic MEMS in Medicine (BAMM) Laboratory, Canary Center at Stanford for Cancer Early Detection, Department of Radiology, School of Medicine Stanford University, Palo Alto, California, 94304-5427, USA
- Canary Center at Stanford for Cancer Early Detection, Department of Radiology, School of Medicine, Stanford University, Palo Alto, California 94304-5427, USA
- Department of Bioengineering, School of Engineering, School of Medicine, Stanford University, Stanford, California, 94305-4125, USA
| | - Utkan Demirci
- Bio-Acoustic MEMS in Medicine (BAMM) Laboratory, Canary Center at Stanford for Cancer Early Detection, Department of Radiology, School of Medicine Stanford University, Palo Alto, California, 94304-5427, USA
- Canary Center at Stanford for Cancer Early Detection, Department of Radiology, School of Medicine, Stanford University, Palo Alto, California 94304-5427, USA
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11
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Lo WC, Fan CH, Ho YJ, Lin CW, Yeh CK. Tornado-inspired acoustic vortex tweezer for trapping and manipulating microbubbles. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2021; 118:e2023188118. [PMID: 33408129 PMCID: PMC7848694 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.2023188118] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Spatially concentrating and manipulating biotherapeutic agents within the circulatory system is a longstanding challenge in medical applications due to the high velocity of blood flow, which greatly limits drug leakage and retention of the drug in the targeted region. To circumvent the disadvantages of current methods for systemic drug delivery, we propose tornado-inspired acoustic vortex tweezer (AVT) that generates net forces for noninvasive intravascular trapping of lipid-shelled gaseous microbubbles (MBs). MBs are used in a diverse range of medical applications, including as ultrasound contrast agents, for permeabilizing vessels, and as drug/gene carriers. We demonstrate that AVT can be used to successfully trap MBs and increase their local concentration in both static and flow conditions. Furthermore, MBs signals within mouse capillaries could be locally improved 1.7-fold and the location of trapped MBs could still be manipulated during the initiation of AVT. The proposed AVT technique is a compact, easy-to-use, and biocompatible method that enables systemic drug administration with extremely low doses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei-Chen Lo
- Department of Biomedical Engineering and Environmental Sciences, National Tsing Hua University, Hsinchu, 30013 Taiwan
| | - Ching-Hsiang Fan
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, 701 Taiwan
- Medical Device Innovation Center, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, 701 Taiwan
| | - Yi-Ju Ho
- Department of Biomedical Engineering and Environmental Sciences, National Tsing Hua University, Hsinchu, 30013 Taiwan
| | - Chia-Wei Lin
- Department of Biomedical Engineering and Environmental Sciences, National Tsing Hua University, Hsinchu, 30013 Taiwan
| | - Chih-Kuang Yeh
- Department of Biomedical Engineering and Environmental Sciences, National Tsing Hua University, Hsinchu, 30013 Taiwan;
- Institute of Nuclear Engineering and Sciences, National Tsing Hua University, Hsinchu, 30013 Taiwan
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12
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Tian Z, Wang Z, Zhang P, Naquin TD, Mai J, Wu Y, Yang S, Gu Y, Bachman H, Liang Y, Yu Z, Huang TJ. Generating multifunctional acoustic tweezers in Petri dishes for contactless, precise manipulation of bioparticles. SCIENCE ADVANCES 2020; 6:6/37/eabb0494. [PMID: 32917678 DOI: 10.1126/sciadv.abb0494] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2020] [Accepted: 07/23/2020] [Indexed: 05/21/2023]
Abstract
Acoustic tweezers are a promising technology for the biocompatible, precise manipulation of delicate bioparticles ranging from nanometer-sized exosomes to millimeter-sized zebrafish larva. However, their widespread usage is hindered by their low compatibility with the workflows in biological laboratories. Here, we present multifunctional acoustic tweezers that can manipulate bioparticles in a disposable Petri dish. Various functionalities including cell patterning, tissue engineering, concentrating particles, translating cells, stimulating cells, and cell lysis are demonstrated. Moreover, leaky surface acoustic wave-based holography is achieved by encoding required phases in electrode profiles of interdigitated transducers. This overcomes the frequency and resolution limits of previous holographic techniques to control three-dimensional acoustic beams in microscale. This study presents a favorable technique for noncontact and label-free manipulation of bioparticles in commonly used Petri dishes. It can be readily adopted by the biological and medical communities for cell studies, tissue generation, and regenerative medicine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhenhua Tian
- Department of Mechanical Engineering and Materials Science, Duke University, Durham, NC 27708, USA
| | - Zeyu Wang
- Department of Mechanical Engineering and Materials Science, Duke University, Durham, NC 27708, USA
| | - Peiran Zhang
- Department of Mechanical Engineering and Materials Science, Duke University, Durham, NC 27708, USA
| | - Ty Downing Naquin
- Department of Mechanical Engineering and Materials Science, Duke University, Durham, NC 27708, USA
| | - John Mai
- Alfred E. Mann Institute for Biomedical Engineering, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA 90089, USA
| | - Yuqi Wu
- Department of Mechanical Engineering and Materials Science, Duke University, Durham, NC 27708, USA
| | - Shujie Yang
- Department of Mechanical Engineering and Materials Science, Duke University, Durham, NC 27708, USA
| | - Yuyang Gu
- Department of Mechanical Engineering and Materials Science, Duke University, Durham, NC 27708, USA
| | - Hunter Bachman
- Department of Mechanical Engineering and Materials Science, Duke University, Durham, NC 27708, USA
| | - Yaosi Liang
- Department of Pharmacology and Cancer Biology, Duke University, Durham, NC 27708, USA
| | - Zhiming Yu
- Department of Mechanical Engineering and Materials Science, Duke University, Durham, NC 27708, USA
| | - Tony Jun Huang
- Department of Mechanical Engineering and Materials Science, Duke University, Durham, NC 27708, USA.
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13
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Link A, Franke T. Acoustic erythrocytometer for mechanically probing cell viscoelasticity. LAB ON A CHIP 2020; 20:1991-1998. [PMID: 32367091 DOI: 10.1039/c9lc00999j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
We demonstrate an acoustic device to mechanically probe a population of red blood cells at the single cell level. The device operates by exciting a surface acoustic wave in a microfluidic channel creating a stationary acoustic wave field of nodes and antinodes. Erythrocytes are attracted to the nodes and are deformed. Using a stepwise increasing and periodically oscillating acoustic field we study the static and dynamic deformation of individual red blood cells one by one. We quantify the deformation by the Taylor deformation index D and relaxation times τ1 and τ2 that reveal both the viscous and elastic properties of the cells. The precision of the measurement allows us to distinguish between individual cells in the suspension and provides a quantitative viscoelastic fingerprint of the blood sample at single cell resolution. The method overcomes limitations of other techniques that provide averaged values and has the potential for high-throughput.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Link
- Division of Biomedical Engineering, School of Engineering, University of Glasgow, Oakfield Avenue, G12 8LT, Glasgow, UK.
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14
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Numerical Simulation of Boundary-Driven Acoustic Streaming in Microfluidic Channels with Circular Cross-Sections. MICROMACHINES 2020; 11:mi11030240. [PMID: 32111024 PMCID: PMC7143890 DOI: 10.3390/mi11030240] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/29/2019] [Revised: 02/06/2020] [Accepted: 02/10/2020] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
While acoustic streaming patterns in microfluidic channels with rectangular cross-sections have been widely shown in the literature, boundary-driven streaming fields in non-rectangular channels have not been well studied. In this paper, a two-dimensional numerical model was developed to simulate the boundary-driven streaming fields on cross-sections of cylindrical fluid channels. Firstly, the linear acoustic pressure fields at the resonant frequencies were solved from the Helmholtz equation. Subsequently, the outer boundary-driven streaming fields in the bulk of fluid were modelled while using Nyborg’s limiting velocity method, of which the limiting velocity equations were extended to be applicable for cylindrical surfaces in this work. In particular, acoustic streaming fields in the primary (1, 0) mode were presented. The results are expected to be valuable to the study of basic physical aspects of microparticle acoustophoresis in microfluidic channels with circular cross-sections and the design of acoustofluidic devices for micromanipulation.
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15
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Tang Q, Zhou S, Huang L, Chen Z. Diversity of 2D Acoustofluidic Fields in an Ultrasonic Cavity Generated by Multiple Vibration Sources. MICROMACHINES 2019; 10:E803. [PMID: 31766721 PMCID: PMC6952793 DOI: 10.3390/mi10120803] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2019] [Revised: 11/18/2019] [Accepted: 11/20/2019] [Indexed: 12/03/2022]
Abstract
Two-dimensional acoustofluidic fields in an ultrasonic chamber actuated by segmented ring-shaped vibration sources with different excitation phases are simulated by COMSOL Multiphysics. Diverse acoustic streaming patterns, including aggregation and rotational modes, can be feasibly generated by the excitation of several sessile ultrasonic sources which only vibrate along radial direction. Numerical simulation of particle trajectory driven by acoustic radiation force and streaming-induced drag force also demonstrates that micro-scale particles suspended in the acoustofluidic chamber can be trapped in the velocity potential well of fluid flow or can rotate around the cavity center with the circumferential acoustic streaming field. Preliminary investigation of simple Russian doll- or Matryoshka-type configurations (double-layer vibration sources) provide a novel method of multifarious structure design in future researches on the combination of phononic crystals and acoustic streaming fields. The implementation of multiple segmented ring-shaped vibration sources offers flexibility for the control of acoustic streaming fields in microfluidic devices for various applications. We believe that this kind of acoustofluidic design is expected to be a promising tool for the investigation of rapid microfluidic mixing on a chip and contactless rotational manipulation of biosamples, such as cells or nematodes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiang Tang
- Faculty of Mechanical and Material Engineering, Huaiyin Institute of Technology, Huaian 223001, China; (S.Z.); (Z.C.)
| | - Song Zhou
- Faculty of Mechanical and Material Engineering, Huaiyin Institute of Technology, Huaian 223001, China; (S.Z.); (Z.C.)
| | - Liang Huang
- School of Instrument Science and Opto-Electronics Engineering, Hefei University of Technology, Hefei 230009, China;
| | - Zhong Chen
- Faculty of Mechanical and Material Engineering, Huaiyin Institute of Technology, Huaian 223001, China; (S.Z.); (Z.C.)
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16
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Rasouli MR, Tabrizian M. An ultra-rapid acoustic micromixer for synthesis of organic nanoparticles. LAB ON A CHIP 2019; 19:3316-3325. [PMID: 31495858 DOI: 10.1039/c9lc00637k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 57] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/25/2023]
Abstract
Mixing is a crucial step in many chemical analyses and synthesis processes, particularly in nanoparticle formation, where it determines the nucleation rate, homogeneity, and physicochemical characteristics of the products. In this study, we propose an energy-efficient acoustic platform based on boundary-driven acoustic streaming, which provides the rapid mixing required to control nanoprecipitation. The device encompasses oscillatory bubbles and sharp edges in the microchannel to transform the acoustic energy into vigorous vortical fluid motions. The combination of bubbles and sharp edges at their immediate proximity induced substantially stronger acoustic microstreams than the simple superposition of their effects. The device could effectively homogenize DI water and fluorescein within a mixing length of 25.2 μm up to a flow rate of 116 μL min-1 at a driving voltage of 40 Vpp, corresponding to a mixing time of 0.8 ms. This rapid mixing was employed to mitigate some complexities in nanoparticle synthesis, namely controlling nanoprecipitation and size, batch to batch variation, synthesis throughput, and clogging. Both polymeric nanoparticles and liposomes were synthesized in this platform and showed a smaller effective size and narrower size distribution in comparison to those obtained by a hydrodynamic flow focusing method. Through changing the mixing time, the effective size of the nanoparticles could be fine-tuned for both polymeric nanoparticles and liposomes. The rapid mixing and strong vortices prevent aggregation of nanoparticles, leading to a substantially higher throughput of liposomes in comparison with that by the hydrodynamic flow focusing method. The straightforward fabrication process of the system coupled with low power consumption, high-controllability, and rapid mixing time renders this mixer a practical platform for a myriad of nano and biotechnological applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Reza Rasouli
- Biomedical Engineering Department-Faculty of Medicine, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec H3A 2B4, Canada.
| | - Maryam Tabrizian
- Biomedical Engineering Department-Faculty of Medicine, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec H3A 2B4, Canada. and Faculty of Dentistry, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec H3A 2B4, Canada
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17
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Xu D, Cai F, Chen M, Li F, Wang C, Meng L, Xu D, Wang W, Wu J, Zheng H. Acoustic manipulation of particles in a cylindrical cavity: Theoretical and experimental study on the effects of boundary conditions. ULTRASONICS 2019; 93:18-25. [PMID: 30384006 DOI: 10.1016/j.ultras.2018.10.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2017] [Revised: 10/08/2018] [Accepted: 10/08/2018] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
Abstract
Precise manipulation of microparticles in microchannels is a primary technique for numerous lab-on-a-chip bioengineering research and applications, as it determines the chip's functions and analytical results. Acoustic manipulation, using the acoustic radiation force, is a compact, versatile and contactless manipulation technique, which can be easily integrated with other microfluidic components. It is our main purpose to report the effect of boundary condition of a cylindrical microfluidic cavity on the acoustic particles' manipulation. A device consisting of a cylindrical cavity in a silicon wafer with three kinds of top boundary conditions (rigid, soft, and imperfect rigid boundary) has been built. The corresponding distributions of acoustic radiation force are analyzed analytically and numerically. Experiments are performed with 2.5 μm radius polystyrene microspheres in the cavity covered by three reflective layers (340 μm-thick glass, 400 μm-thick PDMS, and 660 μm-thick glass film), respectively, which specify the three different boundary conditions at the top of the cavity. It is demonstrated that the boundary condition of a cavity influences the acoustic radiation force and the stable positions of particles, and this is in agreement with the theoretical predictions. Thus, the effects of boundary conditions need to be considered for precise acoustic manipulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Di Xu
- Paul C. Lauterbur Research Center for Biomedical Imaging, Institute of Biomedical and Health Engineering, Shenzhen Institutes of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen 518055, People's Republic of China
| | - Feiyan Cai
- Paul C. Lauterbur Research Center for Biomedical Imaging, Institute of Biomedical and Health Engineering, Shenzhen Institutes of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen 518055, People's Republic of China.
| | - Mian Chen
- Paul C. Lauterbur Research Center for Biomedical Imaging, Institute of Biomedical and Health Engineering, Shenzhen Institutes of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen 518055, People's Republic of China
| | - Fei Li
- Paul C. Lauterbur Research Center for Biomedical Imaging, Institute of Biomedical and Health Engineering, Shenzhen Institutes of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen 518055, People's Republic of China
| | - Chen Wang
- Paul C. Lauterbur Research Center for Biomedical Imaging, Institute of Biomedical and Health Engineering, Shenzhen Institutes of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen 518055, People's Republic of China
| | - Long Meng
- Paul C. Lauterbur Research Center for Biomedical Imaging, Institute of Biomedical and Health Engineering, Shenzhen Institutes of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen 518055, People's Republic of China
| | - Dehui Xu
- Science and Technology on Micro-system Laboratory, Shanghai Institute of Microsystem and Information Technology, Chinese Academy of Science, 865 Changning Road, Shanghai 200050, People's Republic of China
| | - Wei Wang
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Harbin Institute of Technology, Shenzhen Graduate School, Shenzhen 518055, People's Republic of China
| | - Junru Wu
- Department of Physics, University of Vermont, Burlington, VT 05405, USA
| | - Hairong Zheng
- Paul C. Lauterbur Research Center for Biomedical Imaging, Institute of Biomedical and Health Engineering, Shenzhen Institutes of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen 518055, People's Republic of China.
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18
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Shaglwf Z, Hammarström B, Shona Laila D, Hill M, Glynne-Jones P. Acoustofluidic particle steering. THE JOURNAL OF THE ACOUSTICAL SOCIETY OF AMERICA 2019; 145:945. [PMID: 30823821 DOI: 10.1121/1.5090499] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/06/2018] [Accepted: 01/28/2019] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
Abstract
Steering micro-objects using acoustic radiation forces is challenging for several reasons: resonators tend to create fixed force distributions that depend primarily on device geometry, and even when using switching schemes, the forces are hard to predict a priori. In this paper an active approach is developed that measures forces from a range of acoustic resonances during manipulation using a computer controlled feedback loop based in matlab, with a microscope camera for particle imaging. The arrangement uses a planar resonator where the axial radiation force is used to hold particles within a levitation plane. Manipulation is achieved by summing the levitation frequency with an algorithmically chosen second resonance frequency, which creates lateral forces derived from gradients in the kinetic energy density of the acoustic field. Apart from identifying likely resonances, the system does not require a priori knowledge of the structure of the acoustic force field created by each resonance. Manipulation of 10 μm microbeads is demonstrated over 100 s μm. Manipulation times are of order 10 s for paths of 200 μm length. The microfluidic device used in this work is a rectangular glass capillary with a 6 mm wide and 300 μm high fluid chamber.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zaid Shaglwf
- School of Engineering, Faculty of Engineering and Physical Sciences, University of Southampton, Southampton SO17 1BJ, United Kingdom
| | - Bjorn Hammarström
- Department of Applied Physics, Royal Institute of Technology, AlbaNova University Center, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Dina Shona Laila
- School of Mechanical, Aerospace and Automotive, Coventry University, Coventry CV1 5FB, United Kingdom
| | - Martyn Hill
- School of Engineering, Faculty of Engineering and Physical Sciences, University of Southampton, Southampton SO17 1BJ, United Kingdom
| | - Peter Glynne-Jones
- School of Engineering, Faculty of Engineering and Physical Sciences, University of Southampton, Southampton SO17 1BJ, United Kingdom
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19
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Controllable Micro-Particle Rotation and Transportation Using Sound Field Synthesis Technique. APPLIED SCIENCES-BASEL 2018. [DOI: 10.3390/app8010073] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
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20
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Collins DJ, Ma Z, Han J, Ai Y. Continuous micro-vortex-based nanoparticle manipulation via focused surface acoustic waves. LAB ON A CHIP 2016; 17:91-103. [PMID: 27883136 DOI: 10.1039/c6lc01142j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 91] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/04/2023]
Abstract
Despite increasing demand in the manipulation of nanoscale objects for next generation biological and industrial processes, there is a lack of methods for reliable separation, concentration and purification of nanoscale objects. Acoustic methods have proven their utility in contactless manipulation of microscale objects mainly relying on the acoustic radiation effect, though the influence of acoustic streaming has typically prevented manipulation at smaller length scales. In this work, however, we explicitly take advantage of the strong acoustic streaming in the vicinity of a highly focused, high frequency surface acoustic wave (SAW) beam emanating from a series of focused 6 μm substrate wavelength interdigital transducers patterned on a piezoelectric lithium niobate substrate and actuated with a 633 MHz sinusoidal signal. This streaming field serves to focus fluid streamlines such that incoming particles interact with the acoustic field similarly regardless of their initial starting positions, and results in particle displacements that would not be possible with a travelling acoustic wave force alone. This streaming-induced manipulation of nanoscale particles is maximized with the formation of micro-vortices that extend the width of the microfluidic channel even with the imposition of a lateral flow, occurring when the streaming-induced flow velocities are an order of magnitude larger than the lateral one. We make use of this acoustic streaming to demonstrate the continuous and differential focusing of 100 nm, 300 nm and 500 nm particles.
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Affiliation(s)
- David J Collins
- Pillar of Engineering Product Development, Singapore University of Technology and Design, Singapore 487372, Singapore. and Singapore-MIT Alliance for Research and Technology (SMART) Centre, Singapore 138602, Singapore
| | - Zhichao Ma
- Pillar of Engineering Product Development, Singapore University of Technology and Design, Singapore 487372, Singapore.
| | - Jongyoon Han
- Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA and Singapore-MIT Alliance for Research and Technology (SMART) Centre, Singapore 138602, Singapore and Department of Biological Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA
| | - Ye Ai
- Pillar of Engineering Product Development, Singapore University of Technology and Design, Singapore 487372, Singapore.
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21
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Andrade MAB, Drosos Skotis G, Ritchie S, Cumming DRS, Riehle MO, Bernassau AL. Contactless Acoustic Manipulation and Sorting of Particles by Dynamic Acoustic Fields. IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON ULTRASONICS, FERROELECTRICS, AND FREQUENCY CONTROL 2016; 63:1593-1600. [PMID: 28113660 DOI: 10.1109/tuffc.2016.2608759] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/05/2023]
Abstract
This paper presents a contactless, acoustic technique to manipulate and sort particles of varying size in both liquid and air media. An acoustic standing wave is generated by the superposition of counterpropagating waves emitted by two opposing emitters. The acoustic radiation force traps the smallest particles at the pressure nodes of the acoustic standing wave. The position of the particles can be manipulated by dynamically changing the phase difference between the two emitters. By applying a dynamic acoustic field (DAF), it is demonstrated that particles can be manipulated spatially and sorted according to size. The discrimination (sorting dynamic range) capability is initially demonstrated in liquid media by separating three different sets of polystyrene particles, ranging in size from 5 to 45μm in diameter. The separation between particles was performed up to a ratio of 5/6 in diameter (20% diameter difference). Finally, the scalability of the DAF method is demonstrated by sorting expanded polystyrene particles of 2 and 5 mm diameter in air.
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22
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Fernandez Rivas D, Kuhn S. Synergy of Microfluidics and Ultrasound : Process Intensification Challenges and Opportunities. Top Curr Chem (Cham) 2016; 374:70. [PMID: 27654863 PMCID: PMC5480412 DOI: 10.1007/s41061-016-0070-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2016] [Accepted: 08/30/2016] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
A compact snapshot of the current convergence of novel developments relevant to chemical engineering is given. Process intensification concepts are analysed through the lens of microfluidics and sonochemistry. Economical drivers and their influence on scientific activities are mentioned, including innovation opportunities towards deployment into society. We focus on the control of cavitation as a means to improve the energy efficiency of sonochemical reactors, as well as in the solids handling with ultrasound; both are considered the most difficult hurdles for its adoption in a practical and industrial sense. Particular examples for microfluidic clogging prevention, numbering-up and scaling-up strategies are given. To conclude, an outlook of possible new directions of this active and promising combination of technologies is hinted.
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Affiliation(s)
- David Fernandez Rivas
- Mesoscale Chemical Systems, MESA+ Institute for Nanotechnology, Carre 1.339, 7500 AE Enschede, The Netherlands
| | - Simon Kuhn
- Department of Chemical Engineering, KU Leuven, Celestijnenlaan 200F, 3001 Leuven, Belgium
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23
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Collins DJ, Ma Z, Ai Y. Highly Localized Acoustic Streaming and Size-Selective Submicrometer Particle Concentration Using High Frequency Microscale Focused Acoustic Fields. Anal Chem 2016; 88:5513-22. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.6b01069] [Citation(s) in RCA: 128] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- David J. Collins
- Pillar of Engineering Product
Development, Singapore University of Technology and Design, Singapore 487372, Singapore
| | - Zhichao Ma
- Pillar of Engineering Product
Development, Singapore University of Technology and Design, Singapore 487372, Singapore
| | - Ye Ai
- Pillar of Engineering Product
Development, Singapore University of Technology and Design, Singapore 487372, Singapore
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24
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Development of Micro-Grippers for Tissue and Cell Manipulation with Direct Morphological Comparison. MICROMACHINES 2015. [DOI: 10.3390/mi6111451] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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25
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Xie Y, Chindam C, Nama N, Yang S, Lu M, Zhao Y, Mai JD, Costanzo F, Huang TJ. Exploring bubble oscillation and mass transfer enhancement in acoustic-assisted liquid-liquid extraction with a microfluidic device. Sci Rep 2015. [PMID: 26223474 PMCID: PMC4519785 DOI: 10.1038/srep12572] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/28/2023] Open
Abstract
We investigated bubble oscillation and its induced enhancement of mass transfer in a liquid-liquid extraction process with an acoustically-driven, bubble-based microfluidic device. The oscillation of individually trapped bubbles, of known sizes, in microchannels was studied at both a fixed frequency, and over a range of frequencies. Resonant frequencies were analytically identified and were found to be in agreement with the experimental observations. The acoustic streaming induced by the bubble oscillation was identified as the cause of this enhanced extraction. Experiments extracting Rhodanmine B from an aqueous phase (DI water) to an organic phase (1-octanol) were performed to determine the relationship between extraction efficiency and applied acoustic power. The enhanced efficiency in mass transport via these acoustic-energy-assisted processes was confirmed by comparisons against a pure diffusion-based process.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuliang Xie
- 1] Department of Chemical Engineering, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, Pennsylvania 16802, USA [2] Department of Engineering Science and Mechanics, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA 16802, USA
| | - Chandraprakash Chindam
- Department of Engineering Science and Mechanics, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA 16802, USA
| | - Nitesh Nama
- Department of Engineering Science and Mechanics, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA 16802, USA
| | - Shikuan Yang
- Department of Engineering Science and Mechanics, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA 16802, USA
| | - Mengqian Lu
- Department of Engineering Science and Mechanics, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA 16802, USA
| | - Yanhui Zhao
- Department of Engineering Science and Mechanics, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA 16802, USA
| | - John D Mai
- Department of Mechanical and Biomedical Engineering, City University of Hong Kong, Tat Chee Avenue, Kowloon, Hong Kong SAR
| | - Francesco Costanzo
- 1] Department of Engineering Science and Mechanics, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA 16802, USA [2] Center for Neural Engineering, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA 16802, USA
| | - Tony Jun Huang
- 1] Department of Chemical Engineering, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, Pennsylvania 16802, USA [2] Department of Engineering Science and Mechanics, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA 16802, USA [3] Department of Biomedical Engineering, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA 16802, USA
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26
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Tang Q, Hu J. Diversity of acoustic streaming in a rectangular acoustofluidic field. ULTRASONICS 2015; 58:27-34. [PMID: 25541360 DOI: 10.1016/j.ultras.2014.11.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2014] [Revised: 11/24/2014] [Accepted: 11/25/2014] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Abstract
Diversity of acoustic streaming field in a 2D rectangular chamber with a traveling wave and using water as the acoustic medium is numerically investigated by the finite element method. It is found that the working frequency, the vibration excitation source length, and the distance and phase difference between two separated symmetric vibration excitation sources can cause the diversity in the acoustic streaming pattern. It is also found that a small object in the acoustic field results in an additional eddy, and affects the eddy size in the acoustic streaming field. In addition, the computation results show that with an increase of the acoustic medium's temperature, the speed of the main acoustic streaming decreases first and then increases, and the angular velocity of the corner eddies increases monotonously, which can be clearly explained by the change of the acoustic dissipation factor and shearing viscosity of the acoustic medium with temperature. Commercialized FEM software COMSOL Multiphysics is used to implement the computation tasks, which makes our method very easy to use. And the computation method is partially verified by an established analytical solution.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiang Tang
- State Key Lab of Mechanics and Control of Mechanical Structures, Nanjing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics, Nanjing 210016, China
| | - Junhui Hu
- State Key Lab of Mechanics and Control of Mechanical Structures, Nanjing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics, Nanjing 210016, China.
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27
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Skotis GD, Cumming DRS, Roberts JN, Riehle MO, Bernassau AL. Dynamic acoustic field activated cell separation (DAFACS). LAB ON A CHIP 2015; 15:802-10. [PMID: 25474444 DOI: 10.1039/c4lc01153h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/05/2023]
Abstract
Advances in diagnostics, cell and stem cell technologies drive the development of application-specific tools for cell and particle separation. Acoustic micro-particle separation offers a promising avenue for high-throughput, label-free, high recovery, cell and particle separation and isolation in regenerative medicine. Here, we demonstrate a novel approach utilizing a dynamic acoustic field that is capable of separating an arbitrary size range of cells. We first demonstrate the method for the separation of particles with different diameters between 6 and 45 μm and secondly particles of different densities in a heterogeneous medium. The dynamic acoustic field is then used to separate dorsal root ganglion cells. The shearless, label-free and low damage characteristics make this method of manipulation particularly suited for biological applications. Advantages of using a dynamic acoustic field for the separation of cells include its inherent safety and biocompatibility, the possibility to operate over large distances (centimetres), high purity (ratio of particle population, up to 100%), and high efficiency (ratio of separated particles over total number of particles to separate, up to 100%).
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Affiliation(s)
- G D Skotis
- School of Engineering, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, G12 8LT, UK.
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28
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Gesellchen F, Bernassau AL, Déjardin T, Cumming DRS, Riehle MO. Cell patterning with a heptagon acoustic tweezer--application in neurite guidance. LAB ON A CHIP 2014; 14:2266-75. [PMID: 24817215 DOI: 10.1039/c4lc00436a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/05/2023]
Abstract
Accurate control over positioning of cells is a highly desirable feature in tissue engineering applications since it allows, for example, population of substrates in a controlled fashion, rather than relying on random seeding. Current methods to achieve a differential distribution of cells mostly use passive patterning methods to change chemical, mechanical or topographic properties of surfaces, making areas differentially permissive to the adhesion of cells. However, these methods have no ad hoc control over the actual deposition of cells. Direct patterning methods like bioprinting offer good control over cell position, but require sophisticated instrumentation and are often cost- and time-intensive. Here, we present a novel electronically controlled method of generating dynamic cell patterns by acoustic trapping of cells at a user-determined position, with a heptagonal acoustic tweezer device. We demonstrate the capability of the device to create complex patterns of cells using the device's ability to re-position acoustic traps by using a phase shift in the acoustic wave, and by switching the configuration of active piezoelectric transducers. Furthermore, we show that by arranging Schwann cells from neonatal rats in a linear pattern we are able to create Bands of Büngner-like structures on a non-structured surface and demonstrate that these features are able to guide neurite outgrowth from neonatal rat dorsal root ganglia.
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Affiliation(s)
- F Gesellchen
- Centre for Cell Engineering, College of Medical, Veterinary & Life Sciences, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, UK.
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29
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Lei J, Hill M, Glynne-Jones P. Numerical simulation of 3D boundary-driven acoustic streaming in microfluidic devices. LAB ON A CHIP 2014; 14:532-41. [PMID: 24284651 DOI: 10.1039/c3lc50985k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/14/2023]
Abstract
This article discusses three-dimensional (3D) boundary-driven streaming in acoustofluidic devices. Firstly, the 3D Rayleigh streaming pattern in a microchannel is simulated and its effect on the movement of microparticles of various sizes is demonstrated. The results obtained from this model show good comparisons with 3D experimental visualisations and demonstrate the fully 3D nature of the acoustic streaming field and the associated acoustophoretic motion of microparticles in acoustofluidic devices. This method is then applied to another acoustofluidic device in order to gain insights into an unusual in-plane streaming pattern. The origin of this streaming has not been fully described and its characteristics cannot be explained from the classical theory of Rayleigh streaming. The simulated in-plane streaming pattern was in good agreement with the experimental visualisation. The mechanism behind it is shown to be related to the active sound intensity field, which supports our previous findings on the mechanism of the in-plane acoustic streaming pattern visualised and modelled in a thin-layered capillary device.
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Affiliation(s)
- Junjun Lei
- Faculty of Engineering and the Environment, University of Southampton, Southampton, UK.
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