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Zhao J, Zhang R, Zhu L, Deng H, Li F, Xu L, Huan J, Sun X, Xu Z. Establishment of a peptide-based enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay for detecting antibodies against PRRSV M protein. BMC Vet Res 2021; 17:355. [PMID: 34798885 PMCID: PMC8602981 DOI: 10.1186/s12917-021-03060-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2021] [Accepted: 10/31/2021] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome (PRRS) is one of the most economically devastating diseases affecting the swine industry globally. Evaluation of antibody responses and neutralizing antibody titers is the most effective method for vaccine evaluation. In this study, the B cell line epitopes of PRRSV M protein were predicted, and two peptide ELISA assays were established (M-A110-129 ELISA, M-A148-174 ELISA) to detect antibodies against PRRSV M protein. Field serum samples collected from pig farms were used to validate the peptide ELISA and compare it with an indirect immunofluorescence assay. RESULTS The sensitivity and specificity of M-A110-129 ELISA and M-A148-174 ELISA were (111/125) 88.80%, (69/70) 98.57% and (122/125) 97.60%, (70/70) 100%, relative to indirect immunofluorescence assay. This peptide ELISA could detect antibodies against different genotypes of PRRSV including type 1 PRRSV, classical PRRSV, HP-PRRSV, and NADC30 like PRRSV, but not antibodies against other common swine viruses. The results of ROC analysis showed that the area under the curve (AUC) of the M-A110-129 ELISA and M-A148-174 ELISA were 0.967 and 0.996, respectively. Compared the concordance of results using two peptide ELISA assays, the IDEXX PRRSV X3 Ab ELISA and a virus neutralization test, were assessed using a series of 147 sera from pigs vaccinated with the NADC30-like PRRSV inactivated vaccine. The M-A148-174 ELISA had the best consistency, with a Cohen's kappa coefficient of 0.8772. The concordance rates of the Hipra PRRSV ELISA kit, M-A110-129 ELISA and M-A148-174 ELISA in the field seropositive detection results were 91.08, 86.32 and 95.35%, relative to indirect immunofluorescence assay. CONCLUSIONS In summary, compared with M-A110-129 ELISA, the PRRSV M-A148-174 ELISA is of value for detecting antibodies against PRRSV and the evaluation of the NADC30-like PRRSV inactivated vaccine, but the advantage is insufficient in serological early diagnosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jun Zhao
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, 611130, China
| | - Rubo Zhang
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, 611130, China
| | - Ling Zhu
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, 611130, China.,Key Laboratory of Animal Diseases and Human Health of Sichuan Province, Chengdu, 611130, China
| | - Huidan Deng
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, 611130, China.,Key Laboratory of Animal Diseases and Human Health of Sichuan Province, Chengdu, 611130, China
| | - Fengqing Li
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, 611130, China.,College of Animal Science, Xichang University, Xichang, 615000, Sichuan, China
| | - Lei Xu
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, 611130, China
| | - Jianbo Huan
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, 611130, China
| | - Xiangang Sun
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, 611130, China.,Key Laboratory of Animal Diseases and Human Health of Sichuan Province, Chengdu, 611130, China
| | - Zhiwen Xu
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, 611130, China. .,Key Laboratory of Animal Diseases and Human Health of Sichuan Province, Chengdu, 611130, China.
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Gowthaman V, Kumar S, Koul M, Dave U, Murthy TRGK, Munuswamy P, Tiwari R, Karthik K, Dhama K, Michalak I, Joshi SK. Infectious laryngotracheitis: Etiology, epidemiology, pathobiology, and advances in diagnosis and control - a comprehensive review. Vet Q 2021; 40:140-161. [PMID: 32315579 PMCID: PMC7241549 DOI: 10.1080/01652176.2020.1759845] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Infectious laryngotracheitis (ILT) is a highly contagious upper respiratory tract disease of chicken caused by a Gallid herpesvirus 1 (GaHV-1) belonging to the genus Iltovirus, and subfamily Alphaherpesvirinae within Herpesviridae family. The disease is characterized by conjunctivitis, sinusitis, oculo-nasal discharge, respiratory distress, bloody mucus, swollen orbital sinuses, high morbidity, considerable mortality and decreased egg production. It is well established in highly dense poultry producing areas of the world due to characteristic latency and carrier status of the virus. Co-infections with other respiratory pathogens and environmental factors adversely affect the respiratory system and prolong the course of the disease. Latently infected chickens are the primary source of ILT virus (ILTV) outbreaks irrespective of vaccination. Apart from conventional diagnostic methods including isolation and identification of ILTV, serological detection, advanced biotechnological tools such as PCR, quantitative real-time PCR, next generation sequencing, and others are being used in accurate diagnosis and epidemiological studies of ILTV. Vaccination is followed with the use of conventional vaccines including modified live attenuated ILTV vaccines, and advanced recombinant vector vaccines expressing different ILTV glycoproteins, but still these candidates frequently fail to reduce challenge virus shedding. Some herbal components have proved to be beneficial in reducing the severity of the clinical disease. The present review discusses ILT with respect to its current status, virus characteristics, epidemiology, transmission, pathobiology, and advances in diagnosis, vaccination and control strategies to counter this important disease of poultry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vasudevan Gowthaman
- Poultry Disease Diagnosis and Surveillance Laboratory, Tamil Nadu Veterinary and Animal Sciences University, Namakkal, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Sachin Kumar
- Department of Biosciences and Bioengineering, Indian Institute of Technology Guwahati, Guwahati, Assam, India
| | - Monika Koul
- Department of Biosciences and Bioengineering, Indian Institute of Technology Guwahati, Guwahati, Assam, India
| | - Urmil Dave
- Department of Biosciences and Bioengineering, Indian Institute of Technology Guwahati, Guwahati, Assam, India
| | - T R Gopala Krishna Murthy
- Poultry Disease Diagnosis and Surveillance Laboratory, Tamil Nadu Veterinary and Animal Sciences University, Namakkal, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Palanivelu Munuswamy
- Division of Pathology, ICAR - Indian Veterinary Research Institute, Izatnagar, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Ruchi Tiwari
- Department of Veterinary Microbiology and Immunology, College of Veterinary Sciences, UP Pandit Deen Dayal Upadhayay Pashu Chikitsa Vigyan Vishwavidyalay Evum Go-Anusandhan Sansthan (DUVASU), Mathura, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Kumaragurubaran Karthik
- Central University Laboratory, Tamil Nadu Veterinary and Animal Sciences University, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Kuldeep Dhama
- Division of Pathology, ICAR - Indian Veterinary Research Institute, Izatnagar, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Izabela Michalak
- Faculty of Chemistry, Department of Advanced Material Technologies, Wrocław University of Science and Technology, Wrocław, Poland
| | - Sunil K Joshi
- Department of Microbiology & Immunology, Department of Pediatrics, Division of Hematology, Oncology and Bone Marrow Transplantation, University of Miami School of Medicine, Miami, Florida, USA
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Yu J, Lin Y, Cao Y, Li X, Liao D, Ye Y, Pan M, Ye J, Wei Y, Xiao L, Tang J, Kang R, Xie J, Zhou L. Development and application of a colloidal gold test strip for the rapid detection of the infectious laryngotracheitis virus. Poult Sci 2020; 99:2407-2415. [PMID: 32359575 PMCID: PMC7597402 DOI: 10.1016/j.psj.2019.11.066] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2019] [Revised: 11/26/2019] [Accepted: 11/26/2019] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Infectious laryngotracheitis disease is an acute, highly contagious viral disease seriously affecting poultry industry worldwide. In this study, a rapid and simple immune colloidal gold test strip for detecting infectious laryngotracheitis virus (ILTV) was developed based on membrane chromatography with monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) against gJ protein of ILTV and systematically evaluated for the detection of ILTV from clinical samples. mAb 2D4 1D7 was conjugated with colloidal gold as the detector antibody on the test strip. Another mAb, 1D8 1G3, was used as the capture complex at the test line (T-line), and goat antimouse IgG antibody was used as the capture antibody at the control line (C-line). The colloidal gold test strip showed high specificity in the detection of ILTV, with no cross-reaction with other avian pathogens, including infectious bronchitis virus, infectious bursal disease virus, avian influenza virus, Newcastle disease virus, fowl adenoviruses, and Marek's disease virus. Besides, the detection limit of this method was as low as 60 ELD50/mL for the ILTV Wanggang strain. Furthermore, we evaluated its application in 260 clinical samples suspected of infection with ILTV. Results from the strip test were nearly identical with those from real-time PCR (coincidence rate 99.6%) and showed higher sensitivity than conventional PCR. All the results obtained in this study indicated that the colloidal gold test strip can be applied as a simple, rapid, sensitive, and specific diagnostic tool for the detection of ILTV, especially in resource-limited areas.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jifeng Yu
- Sichuan Animal Science Academy, Sichuan Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Breeding and Genetics, Chengdu 610066, China
| | - Yi Lin
- Sichuan Animal Science Academy, Sichuan Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Breeding and Genetics, Chengdu 610066, China
| | - Ye Cao
- Sichuan Animal Science Academy, Sichuan Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Breeding and Genetics, Chengdu 610066, China
| | - Xingyu Li
- Sichuan Animal Science Academy, Sichuan Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Breeding and Genetics, Chengdu 610066, China
| | - Dangjin Liao
- Sichuan Animal Science Academy, Sichuan Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Breeding and Genetics, Chengdu 610066, China
| | - Yonggang Ye
- Sichuan Animal Science Academy, Sichuan Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Breeding and Genetics, Chengdu 610066, China
| | - Meng Pan
- Sichuan Animal Science Academy, Sichuan Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Breeding and Genetics, Chengdu 610066, China
| | - Jianqiang Ye
- Sichuan Animal Science Academy, Sichuan Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Breeding and Genetics, Chengdu 610066, China
| | - Yong Wei
- Sichuan Animal Science Academy, Sichuan Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Breeding and Genetics, Chengdu 610066, China
| | - Lu Xiao
- Sichuan Animal Science Academy, Sichuan Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Breeding and Genetics, Chengdu 610066, China
| | - Junni Tang
- College of Life Science and Technology, Southwest Minzu University, Chengdu, 610041, China
| | - Runmin Kang
- Sichuan Animal Science Academy, Sichuan Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Breeding and Genetics, Chengdu 610066, China.
| | - Jin Xie
- Sichuan Animal Science Academy, Sichuan Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Breeding and Genetics, Chengdu 610066, China.
| | - Long Zhou
- College of Life Science and Technology, Southwest Minzu University, Chengdu, 610041, China.
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Cyclic GMP-AMP synthase is essential for cytosolic double-stranded DNA and fowl adenovirus serotype 4 triggered innate immune responses in chickens. Int J Biol Macromol 2020; 146:497-507. [PMID: 31923489 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2020.01.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/19/2019] [Revised: 01/02/2020] [Accepted: 01/03/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Cyclic GMP-AMP (cGAMP) synthase (cGAS) is a predominant DNA sensor inducing the activation of the innate immune responses that produce proinflammatory cytokines and type I interferons, which has been well-investigated in mammals. However, chicken cGAS (chcGAS), which participates in avian innate immunity, has not been well-investigated. Here, we cloned the complete open reading frame sequence of chcGAS. Multiple sequence alignment and phylogenetic analysis revealed that chcGAS was homologous to mammalian cGAS. The chcGAS mRNA was highly expressed in the bone marrow and ileum. The subcellular localization of chcGAS was mainly in the cytoplasm, and partial co-localization was observed in the endoplasmic reticulum. Through overexpression and RNA interference, we demonstrated that chcGAS responded to exogenous dsDNA, HS-DNA, and poly(dA:dT), and to self dsDNA from the DNA damage response, thereby triggering the activation of STING/TBK1/IRF7-mediated innate immunity in both chicken embryonic fibroblasts and chicken liver cancer cells. Furthermore, downregulation of chcGAS enhanced the infection of fowl adenovirus serotype 4 in LMH cells. Our results demonstrated that chcGAS was an important cytosolic DNA sensor activating innate immune responses and may shed light on a strategy for preventing infectious diseases in the poultry industry.
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Kumar V, Yadav K, Kumar R, Chaudhary N, Kumar S. Glycoprotein D peptide-based diagnostic approach for the detection of avian infectious laryngotracheitis antibodies. Avian Pathol 2019; 48:602-609. [PMID: 31199165 DOI: 10.1080/03079457.2019.1631444] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Abstract
Infectious laryngotracheitis (ILT) is a highly contagious respiratory disease of chickens, pheasants, and peafowl. It is caused by the alpha herpesvirus, infectious laryngotracheitis virus (ILTV). Glycoprotein D (gD) of ILTV is immunogenic and helps in its binding to the susceptible host cell receptor. In the present study, a recombinant gD protein was expressed in a prokaryotic system to develop a single serum dilution ELISA. In addition, two immunogenic peptides, corresponding to regions 77-89 and 317-328, were identified in gD protein. The peptides were synthesized using solid-phase peptide synthesis, purified using reversed-phase HPLC, and characterized using mass spectrometry. The peptides displayed a good titre and were found to be promising antigens to coat the ELISA plate to detect the ILTV antibodies in the serum sample. The developed ELISA showed 96.9% sensitivity, 87.5% specificity, and 95.3% accuracy as compared to OIE referenced standard indirect ILTV ELISA (whole viral coated). The assay may not differentiate vaccinated from infected birds when the flocks are administered with live attenuated vaccines. However, the assay could be useful to detect the disease condition in birds vaccinated with recombinant vaccine expressing glycoproteins other than gD. The developed ILTV single serum dilution ELISA could be an alternative to the existing diagnostics for the detection of ILTV antibodies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vishnu Kumar
- Department of Biosciences and Bioengineering, Indian Institute of Technology Guwahati , Guwahati , Assam , India
| | - Karamchandra Yadav
- Department of Biosciences and Bioengineering, Indian Institute of Technology Guwahati , Guwahati , Assam , India
| | - Rakesh Kumar
- Department of Biosciences and Bioengineering, Indian Institute of Technology Guwahati , Guwahati , Assam , India
| | - Nitin Chaudhary
- Department of Biosciences and Bioengineering, Indian Institute of Technology Guwahati , Guwahati , Assam , India
| | - Sachin Kumar
- Department of Biosciences and Bioengineering, Indian Institute of Technology Guwahati , Guwahati , Assam , India
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