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Zhang Y, Yun X, Ouyang L, Zhang X, Gong L, Qin Q. Development of an ELISA with acidification treatment for an antibody conjugate incorporating Exatecans. Anal Biochem 2024; 690:115530. [PMID: 38570023 DOI: 10.1016/j.ab.2024.115530] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/21/2024] [Revised: 03/17/2024] [Accepted: 03/31/2024] [Indexed: 04/05/2024]
Abstract
The successful development of Sacituzumab Govitecan and Trastuzumab Deruxtecan has made camptothecin derivatives one of the most popular payloads for antibody-drug conjugates (ADCs). Camptothecin and its derivatives all exist in a pH-dependent equilibrium between the carboxylate and lactone forms. Such transformation may lead to differences in the ratio of the two molecular forms in calibration standards and biological matrix (bio-matrix) samples, thereby leading to inaccurate conjugated antibody results. In this study, we reported an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) free of the aforementioned influence for the detection of the Exatecans-conjugated antibody (conjugated SM001) in cynomolgus monkey serum. The assay was developed by first acidifying all samples with glacial acetic acid (HAc), then performing neutralization and thereafter capturing conjugated SM001 with anti-Exatecan monoclonal antibody (mAb) and detecting it with biotinylated Nectin4 (hNectin4-Bio) and horseradish peroxidase-labeled streptavidin (SA-HRP). Results showed that all tested performance parameters met the acceptance criteria. The conjugated SM001 concentrations obtained were in parallel to but slightly lower than total antibody (TAb) throughout the pharmacokinetic (PK) study, revealing that the assay strategy implemented for conjugated SM001 measurement worked well for the elimination of interference triggered by the heterogeneous existence of the lactone and carboxylate forms of Exatecan (lactone-Exatecan and carboxylate-Exatecan).
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Affiliation(s)
- Yingying Zhang
- Department of Immunoassay and Immunochemistry, Center for Drug Safety Evaluation and Research, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Pudong, Shanghai, 201203, China; Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, Jiangsu Province, 210023, China
| | - Xi Yun
- Department of Immunoassay and Immunochemistry, Center for Drug Safety Evaluation and Research, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Pudong, Shanghai, 201203, China
| | - Lu Ouyang
- Department of Immunoassay and Immunochemistry, Center for Drug Safety Evaluation and Research, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Pudong, Shanghai, 201203, China
| | - Xianjing Zhang
- Department of Immunoassay and Immunochemistry, Center for Drug Safety Evaluation and Research, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Pudong, Shanghai, 201203, China
| | - Likun Gong
- Department of Immunoassay and Immunochemistry, Center for Drug Safety Evaluation and Research, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Pudong, Shanghai, 201203, China; Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, Jiangsu Province, 210023, China; State Key Laboratory of Drug Research, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 201203, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 101408, China; Zhongshan Institute for Drug Discovery, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Zhongshan 528400, China.
| | - Qiuping Qin
- Department of Immunoassay and Immunochemistry, Center for Drug Safety Evaluation and Research, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Pudong, Shanghai, 201203, China; State Key Laboratory of Drug Research, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 201203, China.
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Aoyama M, Mano Y. Quantification of anti-drug antibodies against E6011, an anti-fractalkine monoclonal antibody, in monkey and human serum, by an electrochemiluminescence assay. J Pharmacol Toxicol Methods 2023; 124:107470. [PMID: 37689367 DOI: 10.1016/j.vascn.2023.107470] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2023] [Revised: 08/08/2023] [Accepted: 09/05/2023] [Indexed: 09/11/2023]
Abstract
E6011, a humanized anti-fractalkine monoclonal antibody, is under development for the treatment of various inflammatory diseases, such as rheumatoid arthritis. Therapeutic antibodies may induce production of anti-drug antibodies (ADA) that may deteriorate efficacy and/or enhance immunogenic reaction. It is important to have an ADA assay to understand the characteristics of biotherapeutics under development. A simple and reproducible assay has thus been developed for the determination of ADA against E6011 in monkey and human serum by electrochemiluminescence (ECL) detection. An immune-complex of biotinylated E6011, ADA, and ruthenium-labeled E6011 was attached to avidin-coated wells for ECL signal detection. Screening and confirmatory cutpoints were determined to judge negative or positive ADA. Sensitivity of ADA was 1.61 and 1.34 ng/mL in monkey and human serum, respectively. Accuracy and precision of the assay were within ±20% and 20%, respectively. Drug tolerance of the assay in monkey and human sera was ensured up to 100 and 1000 μg/mL E6011 at the surrogate ADA levels of 1 and 4 μg/mL, respectively. The developed assay was successfully applied to ADA quantification in monkeys and humans in support of immunogenicity assessments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Muneo Aoyama
- Global Drug Metabolism and Pharmacokinetics, Eisai Co., Ltd., Tokodai 5-1-3, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 300-2635, Japan
| | - Yuji Mano
- Global Drug Metabolism and Pharmacokinetics, Eisai Co., Ltd., Tokodai 5-1-3, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 300-2635, Japan; Laboratory of Genomics-based Drug Discovery, Faculty of Medicine, Graduate School of Comprehensive Human Sciences, University of Tsukuba, Tennodai 1-1-1, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8575, Japan.
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Qin Q, Gong L. Current Analytical Strategies for Antibody-Drug Conjugates in Biomatrices. Molecules 2022; 27:6299. [PMID: 36234836 PMCID: PMC9572530 DOI: 10.3390/molecules27196299] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2022] [Revised: 08/27/2022] [Accepted: 09/13/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Antibody-drug conjugates (ADCs) are a new class of biotherapeutics, consisting of a cytotoxic payload covalently bound to an antibody by a linker. Ligand-binding assay (LBA) and liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry (LC-MS) are the favored techniques for the analysis of ADCs in biomatrices. The goal of our review is to provide current strategies related to a series of bioanalytical assays for pharmacokinetics (PK) and anti-drug antibody (ADA) assessments. Furthermore, the strengths and limitations of LBA and LC-MS platforms are compared. Finally, potential factors that affect the performance of the developed assays are also provided. It is hoped that the review can provide valuable insights to bioanalytical scientists on the use of an integrated analytical strategy involving LBA and LC-MS for the bioanalysis of ADCs and related immunogenicity evaluation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiuping Qin
- State Key Laboratory of Drug Research, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 201203, China
- Department of Immunoassay and Immunochemistry, Center for Drug Safety Evaluation and Research, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 201203, China
| | - Likun Gong
- State Key Laboratory of Drug Research, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 201203, China
- Department of Immunoassay and Immunochemistry, Center for Drug Safety Evaluation and Research, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 201203, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 101408, China
- Zhongshan Institute for Drug Discovery, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Zhongshan 528400, China
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