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Canè L, Poto R, Palestra F, Pirozzi M, Parashuraman S, Iacobucci I, Ferrara AL, La Rocca A, Mercadante E, Pucci P, Marone G, Monti M, Loffredo S, Varricchi G. TSLP is localized in and released from human lung macrophages activated by T2-high and T2-low stimuli: relevance in asthma and COPD. Eur J Intern Med 2024:S0953-6205(24)00076-1. [PMID: 38402021 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejim.2024.02.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2024] [Revised: 02/05/2024] [Accepted: 02/19/2024] [Indexed: 02/26/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Macrophages are the predominant immune cells in the human lung and play a central role in airway inflammation, including asthma and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). Thymic stromal lymphopoietin (TSLP), a pleiotropic cytokine mainly expressed by bronchial epithelial cells, plays a key role in asthma and COPD pathobiology. TSLP exists in two variants: the long form (lfTSLP) and a shorter TSLP isoform (sfTSLP). We aimed to localize TSLP in human lung macrophages (HLMs) and investigate the mechanisms of its release from these cells. We also evaluated the effects of the two variants of TSLP on the release of angiogenic factor from HLMs. METHODS We employed immunofluorescence and Western blot to localize intracellular TSLP in HLMs purified from human lung parenchyma. HLMs were activated by T2-high (IL-4, IL-13) and T2-low (lipopolysaccharide: LPS) immunological stimuli. RESULTS TSLP was detected in HLMs and subcellularly localized in the cytoplasm. IL-4 and LPS induced TSLP release from HLMs. Preincubation of macrophages with brefeldin A, known to disrupt the Golgi apparatus, inhibited TSLP release induced by LPS and IL-4. lfTSLP concentration-dependently induced the release of vascular endothelial growth factor-A (VEGF-A), the most potent angiogenic factor, from HLMs. sfTSLP neither activated nor interfered with the activating property of lfTSLP on macrophages. CONCLUSIONS Our results highlight a novel immunologic circuit between HLMs and TSLP. Given the central role of macrophages in airway inflammation, this autocrine loop holds potential translational relevance in understanding innovative aspects of the pathobiology of asthma and chronic inflammatory lung disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luisa Canè
- Department of Translational Medical Sciences, University of Naples Federico II, 80131 Naples, Italy; World Allergy Organization (WAO), Center of Excellence (CoE), 80131 Naples, Italy; Institute of Experimental Endocrinology and Oncology, National Research Council (CNR), 80131 Naples, Italy
| | - Remo Poto
- Department of Translational Medical Sciences, University of Naples Federico II, 80131 Naples, Italy; World Allergy Organization (WAO), Center of Excellence (CoE), 80131 Naples, Italy
| | - Francesco Palestra
- Department of Translational Medical Sciences, University of Naples Federico II, 80131 Naples, Italy; World Allergy Organization (WAO), Center of Excellence (CoE), 80131 Naples, Italy
| | - Marinella Pirozzi
- Institute of Experimental Endocrinology and Oncology, National Research Council (CNR), 80131 Naples, Italy
| | - Seetharaman Parashuraman
- Institute of Experimental Endocrinology and Oncology, National Research Council (CNR), 80131 Naples, Italy
| | - Ilaria Iacobucci
- CEINGE Advanced Biotechnologies, Naples, Italy; Department of Chemical Sciences, University of Naples Federico II, 80126 Naples, Italy
| | - Anne Lise Ferrara
- Department of Translational Medical Sciences, University of Naples Federico II, 80131 Naples, Italy; World Allergy Organization (WAO), Center of Excellence (CoE), 80131 Naples, Italy
| | - Antonello La Rocca
- Thoracic Surgery Unit - Istituto Nazionale Tumori IRCCS Fondazione G. Pascale, Naples, Italy
| | - Edoardo Mercadante
- Thoracic Surgery Unit - Istituto Nazionale Tumori IRCCS Fondazione G. Pascale, Naples, Italy
| | - Piero Pucci
- Institute of Experimental Endocrinology and Oncology, National Research Council (CNR), 80131 Naples, Italy
| | - Gianni Marone
- Department of Translational Medical Sciences, University of Naples Federico II, 80131 Naples, Italy; World Allergy Organization (WAO), Center of Excellence (CoE), 80131 Naples, Italy; Institute of Experimental Endocrinology and Oncology, National Research Council (CNR), 80131 Naples, Italy; Center for Basic and Clinical Immunology Research (CISI), University of Naples Federico II, 80131 Naples, Italy
| | - Maria Monti
- CEINGE Advanced Biotechnologies, Naples, Italy; Department of Chemical Sciences, University of Naples Federico II, 80126 Naples, Italy
| | - Stefania Loffredo
- Department of Translational Medical Sciences, University of Naples Federico II, 80131 Naples, Italy; World Allergy Organization (WAO), Center of Excellence (CoE), 80131 Naples, Italy; Institute of Experimental Endocrinology and Oncology, National Research Council (CNR), 80131 Naples, Italy; Center for Basic and Clinical Immunology Research (CISI), University of Naples Federico II, 80131 Naples, Italy.
| | - Gilda Varricchi
- Department of Translational Medical Sciences, University of Naples Federico II, 80131 Naples, Italy; World Allergy Organization (WAO), Center of Excellence (CoE), 80131 Naples, Italy; Institute of Experimental Endocrinology and Oncology, National Research Council (CNR), 80131 Naples, Italy; Center for Basic and Clinical Immunology Research (CISI), University of Naples Federico II, 80131 Naples, Italy.
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Cvitas I, Oberhänsli S, Leeb T, Dettwiler M, Müller E, Bruggman R, Marti EI. Investigating the epithelial barrier and immune signatures in the pathogenesis of equine insect bite hypersensitivity. PLoS One 2020; 15:e0232189. [PMID: 32343720 PMCID: PMC7188278 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0232189] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2019] [Accepted: 04/08/2020] [Indexed: 12/05/2022] Open
Abstract
Insect bite hypersensitivity (IBH) is a Th-2, IgE-mediated dermatitis of horses caused by bites of insects of the genus Culicoides that has common features with human atopic dermatitis. Together with Th-2 cells, the epithelial barrier plays an important role in development of type I hypersensitivities. In order to elucidate the role of the epithelial barrier and of the skin immune response in IBH we studied the transcriptome of lesional whole skin of IBH-horses (IBH-LE; n = 9) in comparison to non-lesional skin (IBH-NL; n = 8) as well as to skin of healthy control horses (H; n = 9). To study the "baseline state" of the epithelial barrier, we investigated the transcriptome of non-lesional epidermis in IBH-horses (EPI-IBH-NL; n = 10) in comparison with healthy epidermis from controls (EPI-H; n = 9). IBH-LE skin displayed substantial transcriptomic difference compared to H. IBH-LE was characterized by a downregulation of genes involved in tight junction formation, alterations in keratins and substantial immune signature of both Th-1 and Th-2 types with particular upregulation of IL13, as well as involvement of the hypoxic pathway. IBH-NL shared a number of differentially expressed genes (DEGs) with IBH-LE, but was overall more similar to H skin. In the epidermis, genes involved in metabolism of epidermal lipids, pruritus development, as well as IL25, were significantly differentially expressed between EPI-IBH-NL and EPI-H. Taken together, our data suggests an impairment of the epithelial barrier in IBH-affected horses that may act as a predisposing factor for IBH development. Moreover, these new mechanisms could potentially be used as future therapeutic targets. Importantly, many transcriptional features of equine IBH skin are shared with human atopic dermatitis, confirming equine IBH as a natural model of skin allergy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Iva Cvitas
- Division of Experimental Clinical Research, Department of Clinical Research and Veterinary Public Health, Vetsuisse Faculty, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
- Graduate School for Cellular and Biomedical Sciences, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
- Dermfocus, Vetsuisse Faculty, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
- * E-mail:
| | - Simone Oberhänsli
- Interfaculty Bioinformatics Unit and SIB Swiss Institute of Bioinformatics, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Tosso Leeb
- Dermfocus, Vetsuisse Faculty, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
- Institute of Genetics, Department of Clinical Research and Veterinary Public Health, Vetsuisse Faculty, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Martina Dettwiler
- Dermfocus, Vetsuisse Faculty, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
- Institute of Animal Pathology, Department of Infectious Diseases and Pathobiology, Vetsuisse Faculty, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Eliane Müller
- Dermfocus, Vetsuisse Faculty, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
- Institute of Animal Pathology, Department of Infectious Diseases and Pathobiology, Vetsuisse Faculty, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
- Department of Biomedical Research, Molecular Dermatology and Stem Cell Research, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
- Department of Dermatology, Inselspital, Bern University Hospital, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Remy Bruggman
- Interfaculty Bioinformatics Unit and SIB Swiss Institute of Bioinformatics, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Eliane Isabelle Marti
- Division of Experimental Clinical Research, Department of Clinical Research and Veterinary Public Health, Vetsuisse Faculty, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
- Dermfocus, Vetsuisse Faculty, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
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Cvitas I, Galichet A, Ling SC, Müller EJ, Marti E. Toll-like receptor-ligand induced thymic stromal lymphopoietin expression in primary equine keratinocytes. Vet Dermatol 2019; 31:154-162. [PMID: 31755151 DOI: 10.1111/vde.12813] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 09/05/2019] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Thymic stromal lymphopoietin (TSLP) plays a key role in the development of allergic inflammation. Little is known about possible triggers of equine TSLP expression. HYPOTHESIS/OBJECTIVES To investigate TSLP expression in equine insect bite hypersensitivity (IBH) skin lesions. The capacity of TLR 1-8 ligands (L) and of atopic cytokine milieu as potential triggers of TSLP and of interleukin (IL)-6 as a downstream effector molecule of TLR signalling, were examined in primary equine keratinocyte cultures. ANIMALS Lesional skin from IBH-affected and healthy skin from control-horses (n = 9 each group) was sampled. METHODS AND MATERIALS Keratinocyte cultures were established from six healthy horses and stimulated with TLR 1-8-L, and with IL-4 and tumor necrosis factor-α, to mimic an atopic inflammation cytokine milieu. TSLP and IL-6 gene expression was assessed by quantitative real-time PCR. RESULTS Expression of TSLP was significantly greater in IBH lesions compared to healthy skin. TLR 1-8-L significantly upregulated TSLP expression in keratinocytes. The strongest upregulation was induced by TLR 1/2-L and TLR 3-L. Combination of atopic cytokine milieu and TLR 1/2-L or TLR 3-L further increased TSLP expression. TLR-L 1-5 stimulation significantly upregulated IL-6 expression. CONCLUSIONS AND CLINICAL IMPORTANCE The data herein suggest that the upregulation of TSLP expression in lesional skin of IBH-affected horses might play a role in IBH development. Moreover, TSLP expression is induced by TLR-L, in particular by TLR 1/2-L and TLR 3-L, and is further increased by atopic cytokine milieu, indicating a mechanism for TSLP-mediated exacerbation of IBH.
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Affiliation(s)
- Iva Cvitas
- Division of Experimental Clinical Research, Department of Clinical Research and Veterinary Public Health, Vetuisse Faculty, University of Bern, Langgassstrasse 124, 3001, Bern, Switzerland.,Graduate School for Cellular and Biomedical Sciences, University of Bern, Hochschulstrasse 6, 3012, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Arnaud Galichet
- Dermfocus, Vetsuisse Faculty, University of Bern, Langgassstrasse 120, 3001, Bern, Switzerland.,Department of Biomedical Research, Molecular Dermatology and Stem Cell Research, University of Bern, Murtenstrasse 50, 3008, Bern, Switzerland.,Department of Dermatology, Inselspital, Bern University Hospital, Freiburgstrasse 34, 3010, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Shui Chu Ling
- Division of Experimental Clinical Research, Department of Clinical Research and Veterinary Public Health, Vetuisse Faculty, University of Bern, Langgassstrasse 124, 3001, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Eliane J Müller
- Dermfocus, Vetsuisse Faculty, University of Bern, Langgassstrasse 120, 3001, Bern, Switzerland.,Department of Biomedical Research, Molecular Dermatology and Stem Cell Research, University of Bern, Murtenstrasse 50, 3008, Bern, Switzerland.,Department of Dermatology, Inselspital, Bern University Hospital, Freiburgstrasse 34, 3010, Bern, Switzerland.,Institute of Animal Pathology, Vetsuisse Faculty, University of Bern, Langassstrasse 120, 3001, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Eliane Marti
- Division of Experimental Clinical Research, Department of Clinical Research and Veterinary Public Health, Vetuisse Faculty, University of Bern, Langgassstrasse 124, 3001, Bern, Switzerland.,Dermfocus, Vetsuisse Faculty, University of Bern, Langgassstrasse 120, 3001, Bern, Switzerland
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Shan X, Liu Z, Wulasihan M, Ma S. Edoxaban improves atrial fibrillation and thromboembolism through regulation of the Wnt-β-induced PI3K/ATK-activated protein C system. Exp Ther Med 2019; 17:3509-3517. [PMID: 30988731 PMCID: PMC6447810 DOI: 10.3892/etm.2019.7379] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2016] [Accepted: 04/20/2018] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Thromboembolism is a commonly observed condition in geriatrics that is caused by vascular endothelial injury, platelet activation, physiological coagulation processes, reduction of anticoagulant activity, decreased fibrinolytic activity and abnormal flow in the heart chamber, artery or vein. The protein C anticoagulant system serves a crucial role in anticoagulant therapy for the treatment of thromboembolism. Previous findings have suggested that edoxaban is an efficient oral anticoagulant in the acute treatment of venous thromboembolism. In the present study, the efficacy of edoxaban on thromboembolism induced by atrial fibrillation was investigated in a mouse model. Inflammatory factors interleukin (IL)-1, −4, −8 and tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α were analyzed in the sera of mice with fibrillation induced by thromboembolism. Expression and activity of thymic stromal lymphopoietin (TSLP) and activated protein C resistance were investigated in platelets and vascular endothelial cells (VECs). TSLP-induced platelet viability, Wnt-β phosphorylation and integrin expression were analyzed in platelets. Furthermore, Wnt-β expression and the phosphoinositide 3-kinase (PI3K)/protein kinase B (AKT) signaling pathway in VECs were analyzed. Results demonstrated that the expression levels of IL-1, −4, −8 and TNF-α were significantly downregulated in the sera of mice with fibrillation and thromboembolism following treatment with edoxaban (P<0.01). Furthermore, the expression levels of prostacyclin (PGI2), prostaglandin (PG)E2, PGD2 and PGF2α were significantly increased in the sera of experimental mice that received edoxaban therapy (P<0.01). Results also indicated that edoxaban significantly stimulated the protein expression of TSLP and activated Wnt-β phosphorylation and integrin expression in platelets (P<0.01). In addition, edoxaban therapy significantly upregulated the expression levels of PI3K and AKT, and subsequently increased the activity of protein C and S in VECs (P<0.01). Notably, edoxaban treatment improved atrial fibrillation and thromboembolism, as determined by pathological analysis. In conclusion, these results suggested that edoxaban elicited beneficial effects for mice with atrial fibrillation induced by thromboembolism through the regulation of the Wnt-β-induced PI3K/ATK-activated protein C system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xuefeng Shan
- Department of Pediatric Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital, Xinjiang Medical University, Urumchi, Xinjiang 830054, P.R. China
| | - Zhiqiang Liu
- Comprehensive Heart Internal Medicine, Heart Center of The First Affiliated Hospital, Xinjiang Medical University, Urumchi, Xinjiang 830054, P.R. China
| | - Muhuyati Wulasihan
- Comprehensive Heart Internal Medicine, Heart Center of The First Affiliated Hospital, Xinjiang Medical University, Urumchi, Xinjiang 830054, P.R. China
| | - Songfeng Ma
- Department of Pediatric Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital, Xinjiang Medical University, Urumchi, Xinjiang 830054, P.R. China
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Xu SP, Li YS. Fisetin inhibits pristine-induced systemic lupus erythematosus in a murine model through CXCLs regulation. Int J Mol Med 2018; 42:3220-3230. [PMID: 30272314 PMCID: PMC6202111 DOI: 10.3892/ijmm.2018.3903] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2017] [Accepted: 06/15/2018] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) is associated with an increased risk of vascular complications. Lupus nephritis is a major manifestation of SLE in the clinic. Lupus nephritis is elevated by T helper type 17 (Th17) cells, the major pro‑inflammatory T‑cell subset, leading to autoimmunity modulation. Therapeutic treatments targeting leukocyte recruitment may be useful in attenuating vascular complications linked to SLE progression. 3,7,3',4'‑Tetrahydroxyflavone (fisetin) is a flavonol and a member of the flavonoid polyphenols. It is present in various fruits and vegetables, including persimmons, apples, kiwis, grapes, onions, strawberries and cucumbers. In the present study, the effects of fisetin against SLE induced by pristane (PRI) were evaluated in mice. Fisetin was indicated to reduce PRI‑induced anti‑double stranded DNA, anti‑ small nuclear ribonucleoprotein and the ratio of albumin to creatinine in urine. In addition, the chemokine (C‑X‑C motif) ligand (CXCL) signaling pathway was activated for PRI treatment, which was reversed by fisetin administration by reducing CXCL‑1 and 2, chemokine (C‑C motif) ligand 3, as well as CXC receptor 2 expression. In addition, the induction of inflammatory cytokines, including interleukin (IL)‑6, tumor necrosis factor‑α, IL‑1β, as well as the chemokine interferon‑γ, by PRI were downregulated by fisetin treatment in mice. Furthermore, Th17 cells and their associated cytokines were highly induced by PRI treatment, which was inhibited by fisetin administration. The present results indicated that fisetin may be an effective management for SLE by targeting the CXCL signaling pathway and regulating Th17 differentiation during lupus nephritis development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Su-Ping Xu
- Department of Dermatology, Affiliated Huai'an No. 1 People's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Huai'an, Jiangsu 223300, P.R. China
| | - Yong-Sheng Li
- Department of Rheumatology, Affiliated Huai'an No. 1 People's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Huai'an, Jiangsu 223300, P.R. China
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Jonsdottir S, Svansson V, Stefansdottir SB, Mäntylä E, Marti E, Torsteinsdottir S. Oral administration of transgenic barley expressing a Culicoides
allergen induces specific antibody response. Equine Vet J 2016; 49:512-518. [DOI: 10.1111/evj.12655] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2016] [Accepted: 11/04/2016] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- S. Jonsdottir
- Institute for Experimental Pathology; Biomedical Center; University of Iceland; Keldur Iceland
| | - V. Svansson
- Institute for Experimental Pathology; Biomedical Center; University of Iceland; Keldur Iceland
| | - S. B. Stefansdottir
- Institute for Experimental Pathology; Biomedical Center; University of Iceland; Keldur Iceland
| | - E. Mäntylä
- Faculty of Pharmacy; University of Iceland; Reykjavik Iceland
- ORF Genetics Ltd; Kopavogur Iceland
| | - E. Marti
- Department of Clinical Research and Veterinary Public Health; Vetsuisse Faculty; University of Berne; Berne Switzerland
| | - S. Torsteinsdottir
- Institute for Experimental Pathology; Biomedical Center; University of Iceland; Keldur Iceland
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Abstract
Horses develop many skin and respiratory disorders that have been attributed to allergy. These disorders include pruritic skin diseases, recurrent urticaria, allergic rhinoconjunctivitis, and reactive airway disease. Allergen-specific IgE has been detected in these horses, and allergen-specific immunotherapy is used to ameliorate clinical signs. The best understood atopic disease in horses is insect hypersensitivity, but the goal of effective treatment with allergen-specific immunotherapy remains elusive. In this review, updates in pathogenesis of allergic states and a brief mention of the new data on what is known in humans and dogs and how that relates to equine allergic disorders are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Valerie A Fadok
- Dermatology Department, North Houston Veterinary Specialists, 1646 Spring Cypress Road #100, Spring, TX 77388, USA.
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