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Molecular Detection of Tick-Borne Rickettsial Pathogens Associated with the Arabian Camel (Camelus dromedarius) in Riyadh and the Eastern Region, Saudi Arabia. Acta Parasitol 2022; 67:794-801. [PMID: 35107775 DOI: 10.1007/s11686-022-00520-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2021] [Accepted: 01/11/2022] [Indexed: 11/01/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND In Saudi Arabia, records on molecular identification of tick-borne infections in camels are relatively scarce; few molecular epidemiological studies have been conducted. OBJECTIVE This study aimed to find Anaplasma species and Piroplasma spp. in camels from Riyadh and the Eastern Region, Saudi Arabia. ANIMALS A total of 1369 blood samples were collected from camels from Riyadh and the Eastern Region and analyzed for the DNA of Anaplasma and Piroplasma species by polymerase chain reaction (PCR). RESULTS Piroplasma spp. infection was not observed in any of the blood samples. 616 camels (44.99%) were found to be positive for Anaplasma infection by PCR targeting the 16S rRNA and COX1 genes. Six Anaplasma sequences for the 16S rRNA gene (OK481101-OK481106) were deposited in GenBank and six for the COX1 gene (OK490994-OK490999). They showed 98.3% and 62.7% similarities with Anaplasma marginale (A. marginale) detected in Kenya and Brazil, respectively. Phylogenetic studies revealed that the 12 sequences reported in this study were closely related; they were found in the same cluster as A. marginale isolates previously recorded in South Africa, Brazil, USA, China, and Israel. CONCLUSION Finally, 12 Anaplasma sequences closely related to A. marginale were detected in camels in Riyadh and the Eastern Region, Saudi Arabia. Camels in these areas were confirmed to be free of Piroplasma.
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Patil-Joshi A, Rangaswamy BE, Apte-Deshpande A. Paper-based PCR method development, validation and application for microbial detection. JOURNAL OF GENETIC ENGINEERING AND BIOTECHNOLOGY 2021; 19:37. [PMID: 33646458 PMCID: PMC7921225 DOI: 10.1186/s43141-020-00110-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2020] [Accepted: 12/25/2020] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Background The analysis of the quality of food is important to protect humans from food-borne or food-based illnesses caused by pathogens, such as bacteria, fungi, viruses, and protozoa. Rapid identification of these pathogens is critical to ensure food safety. Various detection and identification strategies exist; however, they are laborious and time consuming and hence the detection takes longer time. The aim of this study was to develop the specific and fast method for the detection of contaminants in milk. Results In this study, we have developed a simple paper-based PCR method with minimum sample preparation process. The 16S rDNA universal primers were used for the detection of bacterial contaminants. LacZ primers were used for coliform detection which causes serious illness and hence their detection is crucial. ITS region primers were used for fungal detection. The most unique thing about this study is use of Whatman paper no. 1 as sample carrier material. We developed and validated the paper-based PCR method and used it for the detection of microbes and coliforms using milk as a representative sample. Conclusion We evaluated this method for its suitability in the detection of contaminant microbes using different milk samples. The paper-based method could successfully detect contaminants in the milk samples and the results were comparable to the traditional microbial detection method. The traditional microbiological method takes at least 18–20 h for detecting the presence of microbes in any sample but the developed paper-based PCR method can confirm the microbial presence in 2–3 h. This is very promising especially in the testing where sample sterility is crucial.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - B E Rangaswamy
- Department of Biotechnology, BIET, Davangere, Karnataka, 577004, India
| | - Anjali Apte-Deshpande
- Central Dogma Pvt Ltd., A4, Gulmohar Residency, Baner Road, Baner, Pune, Maharashtra, 411045, India.
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Ben Said M, Selmi R, Rhouma MH, Belkahia H, Messadi L. Molecular phylogeny and genetic diversity based on msp1a, groEL and gltA genes of Anaplasma ovis Tunisian isolates compared to available worldwide isolates and strains. Ticks Tick Borne Dis 2020; 11:101447. [PMID: 32499148 DOI: 10.1016/j.ttbdis.2020.101447] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/26/2019] [Revised: 04/09/2020] [Accepted: 04/15/2020] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Anaplasma ovis, the causative agent of ovine anaplasmosis in tropical and subtropical countries, is a tick-borne obligatory intraerythrocytic bacterium of sheep, goats and wild ruminants. In Tunisia, data about the molecular phylogeny and the genetic diversity of A. ovis isolates are limited to the analysis of msp4 and groEL genes. The aim of this study was to genetic characterize 40 A. ovis isolates infecting 28 goats, 10 sheep, one camel and one Rhipicephalus turanicus tick located in different geographic regions of Tunisia on the basis of 3 partial genes (gltA, groEL and msp1a). Sequence analysis revealed 6 and 17 different genotypes in the partial gltA and groEL genes, respectively. Phylogenetic analysis revealed, as expected for the groEL gene, that sequences from small ruminants and their infesting ticks clustered separately from those isolated from camels. The analysis of amino-acid Msp1a sequences identified 18 novel genotypes of Msp1a repeats from 20 A. ovis isolates. These Msp1a repeats were highly variable with 33-47 amino-acids, and the number of repeats is one for 19 isolates infecting 18 goats and one R. turanicus tick, and 4 for a single isolate found in one sheep. Phylogenetic trees based on Msp1a partial sequences revealed that the N-terminal region of Msp1a protein appear to be relatively more informative phylogeographically compared to other markers especially according to countries. The presented data give a more detailed knowledge regarding the molecular phylogeny and the genetic diversity of A. ovis isolates occurring in different animal species and their associated ticks in Tunisia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mourad Ben Said
- Service de Microbiologie et Immunologie, Ecole Nationale de Médecine Vétérinaire, Université de La Manouba, 2020 Sidi Thabet, Tunisia.
| | - Rachid Selmi
- Service de Microbiologie et Immunologie, Ecole Nationale de Médecine Vétérinaire, Université de La Manouba, 2020 Sidi Thabet, Tunisia
| | - Mohamed Hamza Rhouma
- Service de Microbiologie et Immunologie, Ecole Nationale de Médecine Vétérinaire, Université de La Manouba, 2020 Sidi Thabet, Tunisia
| | - Hanène Belkahia
- Service de Microbiologie et Immunologie, Ecole Nationale de Médecine Vétérinaire, Université de La Manouba, 2020 Sidi Thabet, Tunisia
| | - Lilia Messadi
- Service de Microbiologie et Immunologie, Ecole Nationale de Médecine Vétérinaire, Université de La Manouba, 2020 Sidi Thabet, Tunisia.
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Zeb J, Shams S, Din IU, Ayaz S, Khan A, Nasreen N, Khan H, Khan MA, Senbill H. Molecular epidemiology and associated risk factors of Anaplasma marginale and Theileria annulata in cattle from North-western Pakistan. Vet Parasitol 2020; 279:109044. [PMID: 32032840 DOI: 10.1016/j.vetpar.2020.109044] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/23/2019] [Revised: 01/29/2020] [Accepted: 01/31/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Ticks and tick-borne pathogens are one of the major threats to livestock production worldwide. The aim of present study is to specify the molecular epidemiology and its associated risk factors of two well-distributed tick-borne pathogens Anaplasma marginale and Theileria annulata in cattle population from North-western Pakistan. Blood samples were Collected from 60 (32.6 %) local breed cattle, 101 (54.9 %) from crossbreed, and 24 (13.0 %) from exotic breed with total of 184 blood samples. Species-specific PCR assays were performed to detect the presence of A. marginale and T. annulata based on 16S rRNA and 18S rRNA genetic makers respectively. PCR results showed that A. marginale was 16.3 % prevalent and T. annulata was 29.9 % prevalent in the study area with a total prevalence rate of 46.2 % (85/184) of the tested blood samples. District wise analysis revealed that both pathogens were highly prevalent in district Dir Upper (13.6 %) and least prevalent in district Chitral (10.3 %). Univariable analysis of risk factors showed that only breed and acaricidal treatment were significant determinants (P < 0.05) for A. marginale infection, however, in case of T. annulata infection; breed, age, gender, grazing practice, and acaricidal treatment were potential determinants (P < 0.05). Multivariable analysis specified that breed and acaricidal treatment were considered as significant risk factors for A. marginale infection (P < 0.05) whereas acaricidal treatment was found to be a significant determinant for T. annulata infection (P < 0.05). Phylogenetic analysis indicated that A. marginale 16S rRNA and T. annulata 18S rRNA isolates showed similarities and shared phylogeny with same isolates reported from Asia. This is the first molecular report on the epidemiology and risk factors analysis of A. marginale and T. annulata infections in cattle population from NW Pakistan. Further large scale study is required to investigate molecular, epidemiological and genotypic aspects as well as potential risk factors analysis from the country to facilitate designing strategies to control tick-borne pathogen and reduce losses to cattle industry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jehan Zeb
- Department of Zoology, Abdul Wali Khan University, Mardan, 23200, Pakistan.
| | - Sumaira Shams
- Department of Zoology, Abdul Wali Khan University, Mardan, 23200, Pakistan.
| | - Israr Ud Din
- Institute of Biotechnology and Genetic Engineering, The University of Agriculture, Peshawar, 25130, Pakistan.
| | - Sultan Ayaz
- College of Animal Husbandry & Veterinary Sciences, Abdul Wali Khan University, Mardan, 23200, Pakistan.
| | - Adil Khan
- Department of Zoology, Abdul Wali Khan University, Mardan, 23200, Pakistan.
| | - Nasreen Nasreen
- Department of Zoology, Abdul Wali Khan University, Mardan, 23200, Pakistan.
| | - Hamidullah Khan
- College of Animal Husbandry & Veterinary Sciences, Abdul Wali Khan University, Mardan, 23200, Pakistan.
| | - Munsif Ali Khan
- Department of Zoology, Abdul Wali Khan University, Mardan, 23200, Pakistan.
| | - Haytham Senbill
- Department of Entomology, Faculty of Agriculture, Assam Agricultural University, Jorhat, 785013, India; Department of Applied Entomology & Zoology, Faculty of Agriculture, Alexandria University, Alexandria, 21545, Egypt.
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Guo WP, Wang X, Li YN, Xu G, Wang YH, Zhou EM. GroEL gene typing and genetic diversity of Anaplasma bovis in ticks in Shaanxi, China. INFECTION GENETICS AND EVOLUTION 2019; 74:103927. [PMID: 31220612 DOI: 10.1016/j.meegid.2019.103927] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2019] [Revised: 06/12/2019] [Accepted: 06/16/2019] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
Anaplasma bovis, causative agent of bovine anaplasmosis, is usually identified by nested-PCR amplifying the rrs gene. However, it is difficult to determine the genetic relationship among different variants within A. bovis using this gene because of high conservation. In this study, two tick species, identified as Rhipicephalus microplus and Haemaphysalis longicornis based on morphological and molecular methods by analyzing COI gene, were collected from cattle, goat or sheep. Subsequently, A. bovis was initially detected by PCR amplifying the rrs gene in ticks in Shaanxi Province, China. The sequencing and Blast results showed that some false positive samples were found when only based on the amplification of partial rrs gene, presenting these sequences resembled those of other Alphaproteobacteria rather than A. bovis. Although major surface proteins genes were proposed and used successfully to identify members within Anaplasmataceae, these genes were unavailable for A. bovis. Hence, primers targeting the groEL gene were designed and a PCR assay was developed. The PCR products were sequenced and similarity and phylogenetic analysis suggested all these sequences are the groEL gene of A. bovis. In addition, phylogenetic analysis based on the groEL gene also revealed the genetic diversity of A. bovis worldwide, as well as in Shaanxi Province of China, which wasn't reflected by analyzing the rrs gene. In sum, groEL gene is important for molecular detection and phylogenetic analysis of A. bovis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wen-Ping Guo
- Department of Preventive Veterinary Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, China; Scientific Observing and Experimental Station of Veterinary Pharmacology and Diagnostic Technology, Ministry of Agriculture, Yangling, Shaanxi, China.
| | - Xiaoquan Wang
- Xuwang Town Comprehensive Agricultural Service Station, Hanzhong, Shaanxi, China
| | - Ya-Ning Li
- Department of Preventive Veterinary Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, China; Scientific Observing and Experimental Station of Veterinary Pharmacology and Diagnostic Technology, Ministry of Agriculture, Yangling, Shaanxi, China
| | - Gang Xu
- Department of Preventive Veterinary Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, China; Scientific Observing and Experimental Station of Veterinary Pharmacology and Diagnostic Technology, Ministry of Agriculture, Yangling, Shaanxi, China
| | - Yi-Han Wang
- Department of Preventive Veterinary Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, China; Scientific Observing and Experimental Station of Veterinary Pharmacology and Diagnostic Technology, Ministry of Agriculture, Yangling, Shaanxi, China
| | - En-Min Zhou
- Department of Preventive Veterinary Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, China; Scientific Observing and Experimental Station of Veterinary Pharmacology and Diagnostic Technology, Ministry of Agriculture, Yangling, Shaanxi, China
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Belkahia H, Ben Said M, Ghribi R, Selmi R, Ben Asker A, Yahiaoui M, Bousrih M, Daaloul-Jedidi M, Messadi L. Molecular detection, genotyping and phylogeny of Anaplasma spp. in Rhipicephalus ticks from Tunisia. Acta Trop 2019; 191:38-49. [PMID: 30582922 DOI: 10.1016/j.actatropica.2018.12.034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2018] [Revised: 12/20/2018] [Accepted: 12/20/2018] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
In Tunisia, most of Anaplasma species and unclassified strains have been detected in several animals, but data on the occurrence of Anaplasma spp. in ticks are still lacking. In this study, we report the molecular evidence, genetic characterization and phylogeny of Anaplasma spp. in ticks collected from small ruminants. A total of 395 ticks (178 males and 179 females) were collected from sheep (n = 215) and goats (n = 180). Tick species were identified as 232 Rhipicephalus turanicus, 99 Rhipicephalus sanguineus sensu lato, 34 Rhipicephalus bursa and 30 Rhipicephalus annulatus. Overall infection rate of Anaplasma spp. was 5.6% (20/357 analyzed ticks). All positive ticks were collected from goats and found to be infected by A. ovis. R. turanicus is the most infected tick species by A. ovis (7.9%) followed by R. sanguineus s.l. (2.5%) with an absence of infection in R. bursa and R. annulatus. A. ovis prevalence rate varied significantly according to bioclimatic areas and geographic regions. GroEL typing and phylogenetic analysis revealed that these analyzed ticks are infected with various and novel strains of A. ovis. The use of PCR-RFLP method complemented with sequencing and phylogenetic analysis based on 16S rRNA gene confirm that one R. turanicus tick, positive to A. ovis, is co-infected with A. phagocytophilum-like 2 (0.3%). Specific A. phagocytophilum, A. phagocytophilum-like 1, A. marginale, A. centrale, A. bovis, and A. platys and related strains were not detected in any of the tested ticks. Present data expand knowledge about tick-borne bacteria present in ticks and further clarify the transmission cycles of these bacteria and their different elements in Tunisia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hanène Belkahia
- Service de Microbiologie et Immunologie, Ecole Nationale de Médecine Vétérinaire, Univ. Manouba, 2020, Sidi Thabet, Tunisia
| | - Mourad Ben Said
- Service de Microbiologie et Immunologie, Ecole Nationale de Médecine Vétérinaire, Univ. Manouba, 2020, Sidi Thabet, Tunisia
| | - Raoua Ghribi
- Service de Microbiologie et Immunologie, Ecole Nationale de Médecine Vétérinaire, Univ. Manouba, 2020, Sidi Thabet, Tunisia
| | - Rachid Selmi
- Service de Microbiologie et Immunologie, Ecole Nationale de Médecine Vétérinaire, Univ. Manouba, 2020, Sidi Thabet, Tunisia
| | - Alaa Ben Asker
- Service de Microbiologie et Immunologie, Ecole Nationale de Médecine Vétérinaire, Univ. Manouba, 2020, Sidi Thabet, Tunisia
| | - Mouna Yahiaoui
- Service de Microbiologie et Immunologie, Ecole Nationale de Médecine Vétérinaire, Univ. Manouba, 2020, Sidi Thabet, Tunisia
| | - Maha Bousrih
- Service de Microbiologie et Immunologie, Ecole Nationale de Médecine Vétérinaire, Univ. Manouba, 2020, Sidi Thabet, Tunisia
| | - Monia Daaloul-Jedidi
- Service de Microbiologie et Immunologie, Ecole Nationale de Médecine Vétérinaire, Univ. Manouba, 2020, Sidi Thabet, Tunisia
| | - Lilia Messadi
- Service de Microbiologie et Immunologie, Ecole Nationale de Médecine Vétérinaire, Univ. Manouba, 2020, Sidi Thabet, Tunisia.
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Khumalo ZTH, Brayton KA, Collins NE, Chaisi ME, Quan M, Oosthuizen MC. Evidence confirming the phylogenetic position of Anaplasma centrale (ex Theiler 1911) Ristic and Kreier 1984. Int J Syst Evol Microbiol 2018; 68:2682-2691. [PMID: 29916800 DOI: 10.1099/ijsem.0.002832] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
In 1911, Sir Arnold Theiler isolated and described a parasite that was very similar to Anaplasma marginale but which was more centrally located within the erythrocytes of the host cells, and was much less pathogenic than A. marginale. He named the parasite A. marginale variety centrale. The name Anaplasma centrale, referring to the same organism, was published in Validation List No. 15 in 1984, but the publication was based on an erroneous assumption that Theiler had indicated that it was a separate species. Many authors have subsequently accepted this organism as a separate species, but evidence to indicate that it is a distinct species has never been presented. The near full-length 16S rRNA gene sequence, and the deduced amino acid sequences for groEL and msp4 from several isolates of A. marginale and A. centrale from around South Africa were compared with those of the A. marginale type strain, St Maries, and the A. centrale Israel strain and other reference sequences. Phylogenetic analyses of these sequences demonstrated that A. centrale consistently forms a separate clade from A. marginale, supported by high bootstrap values (≥90 %), revealing that there is divergence between these two organisms. In addition, we discuss distinctive characteristics which have been published recently, such as differences in Msp1a/Msp1aS gene structure, as well as genome architecture that provide further evidence to suggest that A. centrale is, in fact, a separate species. Our results, therefore, provide evidence to support the existing nomenclature, and confirm that A. centrale (ex Theiler 1911) Ristic and Kreier 1984 is, indeed, a distinct species.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zamantungwa T H Khumalo
- 1Vectors and Vector-borne Diseases Research Programme, Department of Veterinary Tropical Diseases, Faculty of Veterinary Science, University of Pretoria, Private Bag X04, Onderstepoort 0110, South Africa
| | - Kelly A Brayton
- 1Vectors and Vector-borne Diseases Research Programme, Department of Veterinary Tropical Diseases, Faculty of Veterinary Science, University of Pretoria, Private Bag X04, Onderstepoort 0110, South Africa.,2Program in Genomics, Department of Veterinary Microbiology and Pathology, Washington State University, Pullman, WA, 99164-7040, USA
| | - Nicola E Collins
- 1Vectors and Vector-borne Diseases Research Programme, Department of Veterinary Tropical Diseases, Faculty of Veterinary Science, University of Pretoria, Private Bag X04, Onderstepoort 0110, South Africa
| | - Mamohale E Chaisi
- 1Vectors and Vector-borne Diseases Research Programme, Department of Veterinary Tropical Diseases, Faculty of Veterinary Science, University of Pretoria, Private Bag X04, Onderstepoort 0110, South Africa
| | - Melvyn Quan
- 1Vectors and Vector-borne Diseases Research Programme, Department of Veterinary Tropical Diseases, Faculty of Veterinary Science, University of Pretoria, Private Bag X04, Onderstepoort 0110, South Africa
| | - Marinda C Oosthuizen
- 1Vectors and Vector-borne Diseases Research Programme, Department of Veterinary Tropical Diseases, Faculty of Veterinary Science, University of Pretoria, Private Bag X04, Onderstepoort 0110, South Africa
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Jafar Bekloo A, Ramzgouyan MR, Shirian S, Faghihi F, Bakhshi H, Naseri F, Sedaghat M, Telmadarraiy Z. Molecular Characterization and Phylogenetic Analysis of Anaplasma spp. and Ehrlichia spp. Isolated from Various Ticks in Southeastern and Northwestern Regions of Iran. Vector Borne Zoonotic Dis 2018; 18:252-257. [DOI: 10.1089/vbz.2017.2219] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Ahmad Jafar Bekloo
- Department of Human Rights, Shahid Beheshti Universality, Tehran, Iran
- Department of Research and Development, Chabahar Gulf Marine Company, Chabahar, Iran
| | - Maryam Roya Ramzgouyan
- Department of Research and Development, Chabahar Gulf Marine Company, Chabahar, Iran
- Department of Tissue Engineering and Applied Cell Sciences, School of Advanced Technologies in Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Sadegh Shirian
- Department of Pathology, School of Veterinary Medicine, Shahrekord University, Shahrekord, Iran
- Department of Cytopathology, Dr. Daneshbod Path Lab, Shiraz Molecular Pathology Research Center, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Faezeh Faghihi
- Department of Biotechnology, Cellular and Molecular Research Center, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Hassan Bakhshi
- Department of Parasitology, Malaria and Vector Research Group (MVRG), Pasteur Institute of Iran (PII), Biotechnology Research Center (BRC), Tehran, Iran
| | | | - Mehdi Sedaghat
- Department of Medical Entomology and Vector Control, School of Public Health, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Zakkyeh Telmadarraiy
- Department of Medical Entomology and Vector Control, School of Public Health, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
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Yang J, Han R, Liu Z, Niu Q, Guan G, Liu G, Luo J, Yin H. Insight into the genetic diversity of Anaplasma marginale in cattle from ten provinces of China. Parasit Vectors 2017; 10:565. [PMID: 29132409 PMCID: PMC5683237 DOI: 10.1186/s13071-017-2485-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/04/2017] [Accepted: 10/18/2017] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Anaplasma marginale is an important tick-transmitted rickettsial pathogen of cattle, with worldwide distribution and an important economic impact. The genetic diversity of A. marginale strains has been extensively characterized in different geographical regions throughout the world, while information is limited on studies in China. This study was carried out to determine the prevalence and genetic diversity of A. marginale strains in cattle from ten provinces of China. METHODS A total of 557 blood samples from cattle were collected and screened for the occurrence of A. marginale by PCR based on the msp4 gene. The partial msp1a gene containing tandem repeat sequences was further amplified from msp4 positive samples. The Msp1a amino acid repeats were identified, and genetic variation of A. marginale strains was characterized based on the variation in the repeated portion of Msp1a. RESULTS Our results showed that 31.6% of 557 cattle were positive for A. marginale. The infection rates of A. marginale varied considerably from 0 to 96.9% in different sampling regions. Sequence analysis revealed that two msp4 sequence variants of A. marginale exist in cattle. One hundred and three msp1a sequences were obtained and permitted to identify 42 Msp1a tandem repeats, 21 of which were not previously published for A. marginale. Moreover, 61 A. marginale genotypes were identified based on the structure of Msp1a tandem repeats. CONCLUSIONS Anaplasma marginale is widely distributed in China and a high prevalence of infection was observed in cattle. The geographical strains of A. marginale were molecularly characterized based on the structure of Msp1a tandem repeats. Forty-two Msp1a tandem repeats and 61 genotypes of A. marginale were identified. This study, for the first time, revealed the genetic diversity of A. marginale strains in cattle in China.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jifei Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Veterinary Etiological Biology, Key Laboratory of Veterinary Parasitology of Gansu Province, Lanzhou Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Xujiaping 1, Lanzhou, Gansu, 730046, People's Republic of China
| | - Rong Han
- State Key Laboratory of Veterinary Etiological Biology, Key Laboratory of Veterinary Parasitology of Gansu Province, Lanzhou Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Xujiaping 1, Lanzhou, Gansu, 730046, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhijie Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Veterinary Etiological Biology, Key Laboratory of Veterinary Parasitology of Gansu Province, Lanzhou Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Xujiaping 1, Lanzhou, Gansu, 730046, People's Republic of China
| | - Qingli Niu
- State Key Laboratory of Veterinary Etiological Biology, Key Laboratory of Veterinary Parasitology of Gansu Province, Lanzhou Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Xujiaping 1, Lanzhou, Gansu, 730046, People's Republic of China
| | - Guiquan Guan
- State Key Laboratory of Veterinary Etiological Biology, Key Laboratory of Veterinary Parasitology of Gansu Province, Lanzhou Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Xujiaping 1, Lanzhou, Gansu, 730046, People's Republic of China
| | - Guangyuan Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Veterinary Etiological Biology, Key Laboratory of Veterinary Parasitology of Gansu Province, Lanzhou Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Xujiaping 1, Lanzhou, Gansu, 730046, People's Republic of China
| | - Jianxun Luo
- State Key Laboratory of Veterinary Etiological Biology, Key Laboratory of Veterinary Parasitology of Gansu Province, Lanzhou Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Xujiaping 1, Lanzhou, Gansu, 730046, People's Republic of China
| | - Hong Yin
- State Key Laboratory of Veterinary Etiological Biology, Key Laboratory of Veterinary Parasitology of Gansu Province, Lanzhou Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Xujiaping 1, Lanzhou, Gansu, 730046, People's Republic of China. .,Jiangsu Co-innovation Center for Prevention and Control of Important Animal Infectious Diseases and Zoonoses, Yangzhou, 225009, People's Republic of China.
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10
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Han R, Yang J, Liu Z, Gao S, Niu Q, Hassan MA, Luo J, Yin H. Characterization of Anaplasma ovis strains using the major surface protein 1a repeat sequences. Parasit Vectors 2017; 10:447. [PMID: 28962625 PMCID: PMC5622584 DOI: 10.1186/s13071-017-2363-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2017] [Accepted: 09/05/2017] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Rong Han
- State Key Laboratory of Veterinary Etiological Biology, Key Laboratory of Veterinary Parasitology of Gansu Province, Lanzhou Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Xujiaping 1, Lanzhou, Gansu, 730046, People's Republic of China.,Qinghai Provincial Center for Animal Disease Control and Prevention, Xining, 810003, Qinghai, People's Republic of China
| | - Jifei Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Veterinary Etiological Biology, Key Laboratory of Veterinary Parasitology of Gansu Province, Lanzhou Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Xujiaping 1, Lanzhou, Gansu, 730046, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhijie Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Veterinary Etiological Biology, Key Laboratory of Veterinary Parasitology of Gansu Province, Lanzhou Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Xujiaping 1, Lanzhou, Gansu, 730046, People's Republic of China
| | - Shaodian Gao
- State Key Laboratory of Veterinary Etiological Biology, Key Laboratory of Veterinary Parasitology of Gansu Province, Lanzhou Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Xujiaping 1, Lanzhou, Gansu, 730046, People's Republic of China
| | - Qingli Niu
- State Key Laboratory of Veterinary Etiological Biology, Key Laboratory of Veterinary Parasitology of Gansu Province, Lanzhou Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Xujiaping 1, Lanzhou, Gansu, 730046, People's Republic of China
| | - Muhammad Adeel Hassan
- State Key Laboratory of Veterinary Etiological Biology, Key Laboratory of Veterinary Parasitology of Gansu Province, Lanzhou Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Xujiaping 1, Lanzhou, Gansu, 730046, People's Republic of China
| | - Jianxun Luo
- State Key Laboratory of Veterinary Etiological Biology, Key Laboratory of Veterinary Parasitology of Gansu Province, Lanzhou Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Xujiaping 1, Lanzhou, Gansu, 730046, People's Republic of China
| | - Hong Yin
- State Key Laboratory of Veterinary Etiological Biology, Key Laboratory of Veterinary Parasitology of Gansu Province, Lanzhou Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Xujiaping 1, Lanzhou, Gansu, 730046, People's Republic of China. .,Jiangsu Co-innovation Center for Prevention and Control of Important Animal Infectious Diseases and Zoonoses, Yangzhou, 225009, People's Republic of China.
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Molecular Detection of Anaplasma spp. and Ehrlichia spp. in Ruminants from Twelve Provinces of China. CANADIAN JOURNAL OF INFECTIOUS DISEASES & MEDICAL MICROBIOLOGY 2016; 2016:9183861. [PMID: 28096822 PMCID: PMC5206432 DOI: 10.1155/2016/9183861] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2016] [Accepted: 11/27/2016] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Anaplasma spp. and Ehrlichia spp. are tick-transmitted bacteria that are of significant economic importance as they can infect large and small ruminants and also people. There is little information on anaplasmosis and ehrlichiosis in ruminants in China. 16S rRNA FRET-qPCRs were used to screen convenience whole blood samples from 2,240 domestic ruminants in 12 provinces of China for Anaplasma spp. and Ehrlichia spp. Positive samples were further analyzed with a standard PCR for the gltA. Anaplasma spp. DNA was detected in the sheep (11.7%; 13/111), goats (81.8%; 219/270), cattle (13.2%; 241/1,830), and water buffaloes (6.9%; 2/29). Ehrlichia spp. DNA was detected in sheep (1.8%; 2/111), goats (1.1%; 3/270), and cattle (3.6%; 65/1830) but not in water buffaloes (0/29). Sequencing of gltA PCR products showed that A. marginale, A. ovis, Ehrlichia canis, and Ehrlichia sp. (JX629807) were present in ruminants from China, while the 16S rRNA FRET-qPCR sequence data indicated that there might also be A. platys, A. phagocytophilum, Anaplasma sp. BL126-13 (KJ410243), and Anaplasma sp. JC3-6 (KM227012). Our study shows that domestic ruminants from China are not uncommonly infected with a variety of Anaplasma spp. and Ehrlichia spp.
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12
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Extensive genetic diversity of Rickettsiales bacteria in multiple mosquito species. Sci Rep 2016; 6:38770. [PMID: 27934910 PMCID: PMC5146937 DOI: 10.1038/srep38770] [Citation(s) in RCA: 69] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2016] [Accepted: 11/10/2016] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Rickettsiales are important zoonotic pathogens, causing severe disease in humans globally. Although mosquitoes are an important vector for diverse pathogens, with the exception of members of the genus Wolbachia little is known about their role in the transmission of Rickettsiales. Herein, Rickettsiales were identified by PCR in five species of mosquitoes (Anopheles sinensis, Armigeres subalbatus, Aedes albopictus, Culex quinquefasciatus and Cu. tritaeniorhynchus) collected from three Chinese provinces during 2014–2015. Subsequent phylogenetic analyses of the rrs, groEL and gltA genes revealed the presence of Anaplasma, Ehrlichia, Candidatus Neoehrlichia, and Rickettsia bacteria in mosquitoes, comprising nine documented and five tentative species bacteria, as well as three symbionts/endosybionts. In addition, bacteria were identified in mosquito eggs, larvae, and pupae sampled from aquatic environments. Hence, these data suggest that Rickettsiales circulate widely in mosquitoes in nature. Also of note was that Ehrlichia and Rickettsia bacteria were detected in each life stage of laboratory cultured mosquitoes, suggesting that Rickettsiales may be maintained in mosquitoes through both transstadial and transovarial transmission. In sum, these data indicate that mosquitoes may have played an important role in the transmission and evolution of Rickettsiales in nature.
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Ait Lbacha H, Alali S, Zouagui Z, El Mamoun L, Rhalem A, Petit E, Haddad N, Gandoin C, Boulouis HJ, Maillard R. High Prevalence of Anaplasma spp. in Small Ruminants in Morocco. Transbound Emerg Dis 2015; 64:250-263. [PMID: 25916245 DOI: 10.1111/tbed.12366] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2014] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
The prevalence of infection by Anaplasma spp. (including Anaplasma phagocytophilum) was determined using blood smear microscopy and PCR through screening of small ruminant blood samples collected from seven regions of Morocco. Co-infections of Anaplasma spp., Babesia spp, Theileria spp. and Mycoplasma spp. were investigated and risk factors for Anaplasma spp. infection assessed. A total of 422 small ruminant blood samples were randomly collected from 70 flocks. Individual animal (breed, age, tick burden and previous treatment) and flock data (GPS coordinate of farm, size of flock and livestock production system) were collected. Upon examination of blood smears, 375 blood samples (88.9%) were found to contain Anaplasma-like erythrocytic inclusion bodies. Upon screening with a large spectrum PCR targeting the Anaplasma 16S rRNA region, 303 (71%) samples were found to be positive. All 303 samples screened with the A. phagocytophilum-specific PCR, which targets the msp2 region, were found to be negative. Differences in prevalence were found to be statistically significant with regard to region, altitude, flock size, livestock production system, grazing system, presence of clinical cases and application of tick and tick-borne diseases prophylactic measures. Kappa analysis revealed a poor concordance between microscopy and PCR (k = 0.14). Agreement with PCR is improved by considering microscopy and packed cell volume (PCV) in parallel. The prevalence of double infections was found to be 1.7, 2.5 and 24% for Anaplasma-Babesia, Anaplasma-Mycoplasma and Anaplasma-Theileria, respectively. Co-infection with three or more haemoparasites was found in 1.6% of animals examined. In conclusion, we demonstrate the high burden of anaplasmosis in small ruminants in Morocco and the high prevalence of co-infections of tick-borne diseases. There is an urgent need to improve the control of this neglected group of diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- H Ait Lbacha
- Institut Agronomique et Vétérinaire Hassan II, Rabat, Morocco
| | - S Alali
- Institut Agronomique et Vétérinaire Hassan II, Rabat, Morocco
| | - Z Zouagui
- Institut Agronomique et Vétérinaire Hassan II, Rabat, Morocco
| | - L El Mamoun
- Institut Agronomique et Vétérinaire Hassan II, Rabat, Morocco
| | - A Rhalem
- Institut Agronomique et Vétérinaire Hassan II, Rabat, Morocco
| | - E Petit
- Anses, ENVA, INRA, BIPAR, Maisons-Alfort, France
| | - N Haddad
- Anses, ENVA, INRA, BIPAR, Maisons-Alfort, France
| | - C Gandoin
- Anses, ENVA, INRA, BIPAR, Maisons-Alfort, France
| | - H-J Boulouis
- Anses, ENVA, INRA, BIPAR, Maisons-Alfort, France
| | - R Maillard
- Anses, ENVA, INRA, BIPAR, Maisons-Alfort, France.,INP-ENVT, Toulouse, France
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Belkahia H, Ben Said M, El Hamdi S, Yahiaoui M, Gharbi M, Daaloul-Jedidi M, Mhadhbi M, Jedidi M, Darghouth MA, Klabi I, Zribi L, Messadi L. First molecular identification and genetic characterization of Anaplasma ovis in sheep from Tunisia. Small Rumin Res 2014. [DOI: 10.1016/j.smallrumres.2014.07.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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15
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YBAÑEZ AP, SIVAKUMAR T, BATTSETSEG B, BATTUR B, ALTANGEREL K, MATSUMOTO K, YOKOYAMA N, INOKUMA H. Specific Molecular Detection and Characterization of Anaplasma marginale in Mongolian Cattle. J Vet Med Sci 2013; 75:399-406. [DOI: 10.1292/jvms.12-0361] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Adrian Patalinghug YBAÑEZ
- Department of Veterinary Clinical Sciences, Obihiro University of Agriculture and Veterinary Medicine, Obihiro, Hokkaido 080–8555, Japan
- United Graduate School of Veterinary Sciences, Gifu University, Gifu 501–1193, Japan
| | - Thillaiampalam SIVAKUMAR
- National Research Center for Protozoan Diseases, Obihiro University of Agriculture and Veterinary Medicine, Obihiro, Hokkaido 080–8555, Japan
| | - Badgar BATTSETSEG
- Laboratory of Molecular Genetics, Institute of Veterinary Medicine, Zaisan 210153, Ulaanbaatar, Mongolia
| | - Banzragch BATTUR
- Laboratory of Molecular Genetics, Institute of Veterinary Medicine, Zaisan 210153, Ulaanbaatar, Mongolia
| | - Khukhuu ALTANGEREL
- National Research Center for Protozoan Diseases, Obihiro University of Agriculture and Veterinary Medicine, Obihiro, Hokkaido 080–8555, Japan
| | - Kotaro MATSUMOTO
- Department of Veterinary Clinical Sciences, Obihiro University of Agriculture and Veterinary Medicine, Obihiro, Hokkaido 080–8555, Japan
| | - Naoaki YOKOYAMA
- United Graduate School of Veterinary Sciences, Gifu University, Gifu 501–1193, Japan
- National Research Center for Protozoan Diseases, Obihiro University of Agriculture and Veterinary Medicine, Obihiro, Hokkaido 080–8555, Japan
| | - Hisashi INOKUMA
- Department of Veterinary Clinical Sciences, Obihiro University of Agriculture and Veterinary Medicine, Obihiro, Hokkaido 080–8555, Japan
- United Graduate School of Veterinary Sciences, Gifu University, Gifu 501–1193, Japan
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Dark MJ, Al-Khedery B, Barbet AF. Multistrain genome analysis identifies candidate vaccine antigens of Anaplasma marginale. Vaccine 2011; 29:4923-32. [PMID: 21596083 PMCID: PMC3133685 DOI: 10.1016/j.vaccine.2011.04.131] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2011] [Revised: 04/28/2011] [Accepted: 04/30/2011] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Abstract
Anaplasmosis in domestic livestock is an impediment to animal health and production worldwide, especially in developing countries in Africa, Asia, and South America. Vaccines have been developed and marketed against the causative organism, Anaplasma marginale; however, these have not been widely used because of breakthrough infections caused by heterologous strains and because of the risk of disease induced by live vaccine strains themselves. Recently, molecular studies have enabled progress to be made in understanding the causes for breakthrough infections and in defining new vaccine targets. A. marginale has a system for antigenic variation of the MSP2 and MSP3 outer membrane proteins which are members of the pfam01617 gene superfamily. In this study, we used high throughput genome sequencing to define conservation of different superfamily members in ten U.S. strains of A. marginale and also in the related live vaccine strain A. marginale subspecies centrale. The comparisons included the pseudogenes that contribute to antigenic variation and other superfamily-encoded outer membrane proteins. Additionally, we examined conservation of other proteins proposed previously as vaccine candidates. These data showed significantly increased numbers of SNPs in A. marginale subspecies centrale when compared to all U.S. A. marginale strains. We defined a catalog of 19 conserved candidate vaccine antigens that may be suitable for development of a multi-component recombinant vaccine. The methods described are rapid and may be suitable for other prokaryotes where repeats comprise a substantial portion of their genomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael J Dark
- Department of Infectious Diseases and Pathology, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32611, USA.
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Development and evaluation of a loop-mediated isothermal amplification method for rapid detection of Anaplasma ovis. J Clin Microbiol 2011; 49:2143-6. [PMID: 21471346 DOI: 10.1128/jcm.02536-10] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Anaplasma ovis is an intraerythrocytic rickettsial pathogen of small ruminants. Loop-mediated isothermal amplification (LAMP) is a nucleic acid detection method in which the target DNA can be efficiently amplified with high specificity and sensitivity under isothermal conditions. In this study, a LAMP method was developed for the specific detection of A. ovis, using LAMP primers designed on the basis of the major surface protein 4 gene. LAMP was performed at 65 °C for 30 min. Its specificity was confirmed by successful amplification of several A. ovis isolates and through EcoRI restriction analysis of LAMP products. No cross-reactivity with the A. marginale Lushi isolate, Mycoplasma mycoides subsp. capri, Chlamydophila psittaci, Theileria ovis, T. luwenshuni, T. uilenbergi, or the Babesia sp. Xinjiang isolate was observed. Detection using the LAMP method was compared with that using conventional PCR in 227 field samples; LAMP demonstrated a sensitivity of 95.45%. In summary, LAMP is a specific, sensitive, and rapid test for the diagnosis of A. ovis infection, with the potential to be standardized as a detection method for A. ovis in areas of endemicity.
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Zhou Z, Nie K, Tang C, Wang Z, Zhou R, Hu S, Zhang Z. Phylogenetic analysis of the genus Anaplasma in Southwestern China based on 16S rRNA sequence. Res Vet Sci 2010; 89:262-5. [PMID: 20219219 DOI: 10.1016/j.rvsc.2010.02.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2009] [Revised: 01/25/2010] [Accepted: 02/13/2010] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
To identify the species within the genus Anaplasma circulating among ruminants in the Southwest of China, we performed the phylogenetic analysis of the 16S rRNA gene of two Anaplasma isolates from cattle and seven from goats. The two sequences obtained from cattle strains belonged to the A. marginale cluster, whereas the other seven sequences from caprine strains formed two Anaplasma spp. clusters, which diverged earlier than the clusters of A. marginale, A. centrale and A. ovis. These results indicate that there are at least two Anaplasma species circulating among ruminants in Southwestern China.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zuoyong Zhou
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, Rongchang Campus of Southwest University, 160 Xueyuan Road, Rongchang County, Chongqing 402460, China
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Chochlakis D, Ioannou I, Sharif L, Kokkini S, Hristophi N, Dimitriou T, Tselentis Y, Psaroulaki A. Prevalence of Anaplasma sp. in goats and sheep in Cyprus. Vector Borne Zoonotic Dis 2010; 9:457-63. [PMID: 18945185 DOI: 10.1089/vbz.2008.0019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
A seroprevalence study of Anaplasma infection was conducted in a stratified random sample of goats and sheep in Cyprus in which the sample locations were recorded using a geographical information system (GIS). The aim of the study was to estimate the prevalence of Anaplasma phagocytophilum and other Anaplasma species in sheep and goats, and to identify high-risk regions. A total of 689 serum samples (343 from sheep and 346 from goats) were randomly collected and tested for the detection of antibodies against A. phagocytophilum antigen using an indirect immunofluorescent assay. The polymerase chain reaction followed by sequencing analysis was used for the detection and molecular characterization of Anaplasma sp DNA in the blood samples. The prevalence of IgG antibodies against A. phagocytophilum antigen was 18% for goats, and 31% for sheep. Six new genotypes were detected in goats and sheep; by sequence analysis one was identified as A. phagocytophilum, one as Anaplasma platys and the remaining four as Anaplasma species. The results provide evidence for the presence of A. phagocytophilum and Anaplasma species in sheep and goats in Cyprus.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dimosthenis Chochlakis
- Laboratory of Clinical Bacteriology, Parasitology, Zoonoses and Geographical Medicine (WHO collaborating center), Medical School, University of Crete, Heraklion, Greece
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Noaman V, Shayan P. A new PCR-RFLP method for detection of Anaplasma marginale based on 16S rRNA. Vet Res Commun 2009; 34:43-50. [PMID: 20013050 DOI: 10.1007/s11259-009-9331-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 11/26/2009] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
Species of the genus Anaplasma (Rickettsiales: Anaplasmataceae) are obligate intracellular tick borne pathogens. Three species of Anaplasma that infect cattle and sheep (A. marginale, A. centrale and A. ovis) are well recognized. Of these erythrocytic Anaplasma, A. marginale can cause diseases in the livestock with high economical losses. Species-specific PCR based on 16S rRNA gene is commonly used for detection of Anaplasma species but can not differentiate A. marginale, A. centrale and A. ovis because of sequence similarity. In this study DNA extraction was performed on 50 blood samples with presence of Anaplasma spp. in marginal point of erythrocytes in their blood smears. The extracted DNA from blood cells was analyzed by PCR and PCR-RFLP using primers derived from 16S rRNA gene and restriction endonuclease Bst1107 I. The restriction endonuclease Bst1107I only recognizes the sequence (GTATAC) in corresponding PCR product of A. marginale and cut it. The nucleotide sequence of the A. marginale 16S rRNA gene was determined and compared with the sequences of A. marginale in GenBank. The 16S rRNA of A. marginale in Iran was completely similar to the related sequence deposited in GenBank at accession number of M60313. In the present study we propose a new PCR-restriction fragment length polymorphism analysis (RFLP) method based on 16S rRNA gene for specific detection of A. marginale.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vahid Noaman
- Veterinary Department of Isfahan Research Center for Agriculture and Natural Resources, Isfahan, Iran.
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Ooshiro M, Zakimi S, Matsukawa Y, Yafuso M, Katagiri Y, Inokuma H. Anaplasma marginale infection in a Japanese Black cow 13 years after eradication of Rhipicephalus (Boophilus) microplus in Okinawa, Japan. Vet Parasitol 2009; 160:351-5. [DOI: 10.1016/j.vetpar.2008.11.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/23/2008] [Revised: 11/18/2008] [Accepted: 11/24/2008] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
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Ramos RAN, Ramos CAN, Araújo FR, Melo ESP, Tembue AASM, Faustino MAG, Alves LC, Rosinha GMS, Elisei C, Soares CO. Detecção de anticorpos para Anaplasma sp. em pequenos ruminantes no semi-árido do estado de Pernambuco, Brasil. REVISTA BRASILEIRA DE PARASITOLOGIA VETERINARIA 2008; 17:115-7. [DOI: 10.1590/s1984-29612008000200011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2007] [Accepted: 04/09/2008] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Neste trabalho é descrita a detecção de anticorpos para Anaplasma sp. em caprinos e ovinos da região do semi-árido do Estado de Pernambuco, Brasil, utilizando-se um ensaio de imunoadsorção enzimática baseado em MSP5 recombinante de Anaplasma marginale. Foram analisados soros de 243 caprinos e 68 ovinos provenientes do município de Ibimirim, e observadas freqüências de anticorpos de 11,93% (29/243) e 16,17% (11/68) para caprinos e ovinos, respectivamente. A importância epidemiológica dos achados foi discutida.
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