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Legain M, Idee A, Mardini D, Rene-Martellet M, Mosca M, Pin D. Efficacy and innocuity of lotilaner in the treatment of otodectic mange in ferrets. Vet Parasitol 2024; 332:110317. [PMID: 39299042 DOI: 10.1016/j.vetpar.2024.110317] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2024] [Revised: 09/16/2024] [Accepted: 09/16/2024] [Indexed: 09/22/2024]
Abstract
Otodectes cynotis is a contagious ear mite generally responsible of a parasitic otitis. This prospective study evaluates the efficacy, safety and impact on quality of life (QoL) of oral lotilaner for the treatment of Otodectes infestation in ferrets. Ferrets of weight greater than 500 g, with Otodectes mites confirmed on ear swabs examination and that did not receive an acaricidal treatment in the previous two weeks were included. Oral lotilaner (Credelio 12 mg, ELANCO FRANCE, Sèvres, France) was administered at inclusion day (D0) and 28 days later (D28). Parasitic counts and clinical examination were performed at D0, D28 and D56. A QoL and owner satisfaction questionnaire was given at D0 and D56. Statistical analysis was performed with Shapiro-Wilk test for normality and Wilcoxon test for mean comparison (significance: p<0.05). Eleven ferrets were included, two were asymptomatic. Mean weight was 1.2 kg (0.68-2.66). Mean lotilaner dose was 12.3 mg/kg (9-17.6). Mean eggs, adults or nymphs, larvae, and fragments counts were 30.4 (3-104), 11.2 (1-61), 5.4 (0-36), 3.5 (1-7) respectively at D0; 0, 0, 0.1 (0-1), 0.5 (0-3) respectively at D28; 0, 0, 0, 0.14 (0-1) respectively at D56. Differences were statistically significant from baseline in all cases (p<0.05). Pruritus was absent in all cases at D56. No adverse effects were reported. All owners were "completely satisfied" with the treatment. Mean impact of the disease on QoL was 4.5/18 (SD=4.15) at D0 and 0 at D56 (significant difference, p<0.05). Oral lotilaner appears as a safe, efficient, easy to use and satisfactory treatment of Otodectes cynotis infestation in ferrets.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Legain
- Université de Lyon, VetAgro Sup, Interactions Cellule Environnement, UPSP 2016.A104, Marcy l'Etoile 69280, France.
| | - A Idee
- Université de Lyon, VetAgro Sup, Interactions Cellule Environnement, UPSP 2016.A104, Marcy l'Etoile 69280, France
| | - D Mardini
- Centre hospitalier universitaire vétérinaire des animaux de compagnie (CHUVAC), VetAgro Sup, Marcy l'Etoile 69280, France
| | - M Rene-Martellet
- Université de Lyon, INRAE, VetAgro Sup, UMR EPIA, Marcy l'Etoile 69280, France; Université Clermont Auvergne, INRAE, VetAgro Sup, UMR EPIA, Saint-Genès-Champanelle 63122, France
| | - M Mosca
- Université de Lyon, VetAgro Sup, Interactions Cellule Environnement, UPSP 2016.A104, Marcy l'Etoile 69280, France
| | - D Pin
- Université de Lyon, VetAgro Sup, Interactions Cellule Environnement, UPSP 2016.A104, Marcy l'Etoile 69280, France
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Sioutas G, Papadopoulos E, Madder M, Beugnet F, Tielemans E. Efficacy of afoxolaner or the combination of afoxolaner with milbemycin oxime against Otodectes cynotis in naturally infested dogs. Vet Parasitol 2024; 326:110108. [PMID: 38154391 DOI: 10.1016/j.vetpar.2023.110108] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2023] [Revised: 12/18/2023] [Accepted: 12/18/2023] [Indexed: 12/30/2023]
Abstract
Otodectes cynotis, commonly known as "the ear mite," is a highly contagious ectoparasite and a significant cause of otitis externa in canines. The objective of the current study was to determine the efficacy of the isoxazoline afoxolaner (Nexgard®), and the combination of afoxolaner with milbemycin oxime (Nexgard Spectra®), in dogs naturally infested with O. cynotis. In total, 32 infested client-owned dogs from two different sites in Greece were included. The animals were randomly divided into four equal groups based on their infestation score. Group 1 served as the negative control, group 2 received one oral administration of Nexgard (Day 0), group 3 received two monthly oral administrations of Nexgard (Days 0, 30), and group 4 received two monthly oral administrations of Nexgard Spectra (Days 0, 30), according to label instructions. Otoscopic examinations for mites and observations on debris/cerumen in the ears were carried out on Days 0, 15, 30, and 45. A quantitative assessment of ear mites by ear duct flushing and live mite counts was performed on Day 45. The results demonstrated that a single oral dose of afoxolaner and two monthly doses of afoxolaner or afoxolaner with milbemycin oxime resulted in a 99.9% reduction in live mite counts compared to the untreated control group by Day 45. Additionally, treated dogs showed improved clinical symptoms, such as ear cerumen/debris decrease, while untreated dogs experienced worsening symptoms over the study duration. No adverse events were reported. Overall, these results support the use of afoxolaner-based products to treat O. cynotis infestation in dogs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Georgios Sioutas
- Laboratory of Parasitology and Parasitic Diseases, School of Veterinary Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Thessaloniki 54124, Greece
| | - Elias Papadopoulos
- Laboratory of Parasitology and Parasitic Diseases, School of Veterinary Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Thessaloniki 54124, Greece.
| | - Maxime Madder
- Clinglobal, B03/04, The Tamarin Commercial Hub, Jacaranda Avenue, Tamarin 90903, Mauritius
| | - Frederic Beugnet
- Boehringer-Ingelheim Animal Health, 29 Avenue Tony Garnier, Lyon 69007, France
| | - Eric Tielemans
- Boehringer-Ingelheim Animal Health, 29 Avenue Tony Garnier, Lyon 69007, France
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da Costa AJ, de Souza Martins JR, de Almeida Borges F, Vettorato LF, Barufi FB, de Oliveira Arriero Amaral H, Abujamra LC, de Castro Rodrigues D, Zanetti Lopes WD. First report of the efficacy of a fluralaner-based pour-on product (Exzolt® 5%) against ectoparasites infesting cattle in Brazil. Parasit Vectors 2023; 16:336. [PMID: 37752574 PMCID: PMC10523720 DOI: 10.1186/s13071-023-05934-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2023] [Accepted: 08/15/2023] [Indexed: 09/28/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND This study describes the effectiveness of a novel active pharmaceutical ingredient, fluralaner (isoxazoline class), against important ectoparasites infesting cattle in Brazil. METHODS A total of 13 studies involving a 5% fluralaner-based pour-on formulation (Exzolt 5%; further referred to as Exzolt) were conducted. Specifically, the effectiveness of this formulation was studied against Rhipicephalus microplus (6 studies), Cochliomyia hominivorax larvae (4 studies), Dermatobia hominis larvae (1 study) and Haematobia irritans flies (2 studies). RESULTS The therapeutic efficacy of Exzolt was found to exceed 98% at 4 days post treatment (DPT), while persistent efficacy (> 90% efficacy) against repeated infestations of R. microplus was observed for up to 79 DPT. In field studies, ≥ 98% therapeutic efficacy was demonstrated at all study sites by 7 DPT, and a persistent efficacy (> 90% efficacy) was observed for 42, 49 or 56 DPT. Exzolt prevented C. hominivorax eggs from developing to the larval stage, thus mitigating the development of myiasis in cattle naturally and artificially infested with this screworm. The efficacy of Exzolt against D. hominis larvae was 98% at 3 DPT, while persistent efficacy (> 90% effectiveness) was found to last for up to 70 DPT. Against H. irritans, Exzolt showed therapeutic efficacy (≥ 90%) within the first day of treatment at both study sites, while persistent efficacy (≥ 90%) was observed for 7 DPT at one site and for 21 DPT at the other site. CONCLUSIONS Overall, the results from these studies confirm that Exzolt is therapeutically efficacious against the most important ectoparasites infesting cattle in Brazil. The novel active pharmaceutical ingredient, fluralaner, provides a new treatment option for farmers to control cattle ectoparasites, especially where there is resistance to other chemical classes. In addition, an effective control of ectoparasites will improve overall cattle health and well-being as well as production.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alvimar José da Costa
- Faculdade de Ciências Agrárias e Veterinárias, Universidade Estadual Paulista, Jaboticabal, São Paulo, Brazil
| | | | - Fernando de Almeida Borges
- Departamento de Medicina Veterinária, Universidade Federal do Mato Grosso Do Sul, Campo Grande, Mato Grosso do Sul, Brazil
| | | | | | | | | | - Daniel de Castro Rodrigues
- MSD Saúde Animal, São Paulo, Brazil
- Centro de Parasitologia Veterinária, Universidade Federal de Goiás, Goiânia, Goiás, Brazil
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Mihalca AD, Deak G, Panait LC, Rabei Ș, Beugnet F. Efficacy of afoxolaner (NexGard®) against natural infestations with Trichodectes canis in dogs under field conditions. Parasit Vectors 2022; 15:317. [PMID: 36071527 PMCID: PMC9450229 DOI: 10.1186/s13071-022-05428-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/25/2022] [Accepted: 08/02/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Trichodectes canis is a small chewing louse found globally that primarily infests dogs. Limited information is available on the efficacy of isoxazolines against infestation with the chewing louse. In the present study, we evaluated the efficacy of afoxolaner, an isoxazoline class compound, in naturally infested domestic dogs. Methods The field study was carried out in Romania. Between September 2021 and December 2021, 43 dogs with confirmed T. canis infestation were included in the study. On the day of the inclusion (day 0), each animal was clinically examined and randomly treated with a control product labeled for use against lice [fipronil-(S)-methoprene combination (Frontline Combo®; Boehringer Ingelheim)] or with the investigational product [chewable tablets containing afoxolaner (NexGard®; isoxazoline)]. Each animal was evaluated for the presence of lice at 15 and 30 days post-inclusion. Results Of the 48 dogs initially included in the study, 43 completed the treatment period [18 in the control group (CG) and 25 in the investigational group (IG)]. At day 14, no living T. canis lice were detected on the dogs in either group. At day 14, dead lice were detected in four dogs in the IG, while eggs were present in two dogs in the IG and in one dog in the CG. At day 30, no lice were detected in either group, while eggs were still present in one dog in the CG. Conclusion These results suggest that afoxolaner is a feasible treatment option against chewing lice in dogs, providing 100% curative efficacy. Graphical Abstract ![]()
Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s13071-022-05428-y.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrei Daniel Mihalca
- Department of Parasitology and Parasitic Diseases, University of Agricultural Sciences and Veterinary Medicine of Cluj-Napoca, Calea Mănăștur 3-5, 400372, Cluj-Napoca, Romania.,Parasitology Consultancy Group SRL, Strada Principală 145B, 407056, Corușu, Romania
| | - Georgiana Deak
- Department of Parasitology and Parasitic Diseases, University of Agricultural Sciences and Veterinary Medicine of Cluj-Napoca, Calea Mănăștur 3-5, 400372, Cluj-Napoca, Romania. .,Parasitology Consultancy Group SRL, Strada Principală 145B, 407056, Corușu, Romania.
| | - Luciana Cătălina Panait
- Department of Parasitology and Parasitic Diseases, University of Agricultural Sciences and Veterinary Medicine of Cluj-Napoca, Calea Mănăștur 3-5, 400372, Cluj-Napoca, Romania
| | - Ștefan Rabei
- Department of Parasitology and Parasitic Diseases, University of Agricultural Sciences and Veterinary Medicine of Cluj-Napoca, Calea Mănăștur 3-5, 400372, Cluj-Napoca, Romania
| | - Frederic Beugnet
- Boehringer Ingelheim Animal Health, 29 Av. Tony Garnier, 69007, Lyon, France
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