1
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Quan C, Jiang X. The molecular mechanism underlying the human glucose facilitators inhibition. VITAMINS AND HORMONES 2025; 128:49-92. [PMID: 40097253 DOI: 10.1016/bs.vh.2025.01.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/19/2025]
Abstract
Glucose is the primary energy substrate and an essential precursor for cellular metabolism. Maintaining glucose homeostasis necessitates the presence of glucose transporters, as the hydrophilic nature of glucose prevents its passage across the cell membrane. The GLUT family is a crucial group of glucose transporters that facilitate glucose diffusion along the transmembrane glucose concentration gradient. Dysfunction in GLUTs is associated with diseases, such as GLUT1 deficiency syndrome, Fanconi-Bickel syndrome, and type 2 diabetes. Furthermore, elevated expression of GLUTs fuels aerobic glycolysis, known as the Warburg effect, in various types of cancers, making GLUT isoforms possible targets for antineoplastic therapies. To date, 30 GLUT and homolog structures have been released on the Protein Data Bank (PDB), showcasing multiple conformational and ligand-binding states. These structures elucidate the molecular mechanisms underlying substrate recognition, the alternating access cycle, and transport inhibition. Here, we summarize the current knowledge of human GLUTs and their role in cancer, highlighting recent advances in the structural characterization of GLUTs. We also compare the inhibition mechanisms of exofacial and endofacial GLUT inhibitors, providing insights into the design and optimization of GLUT inhibitors for therapeutic applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cantao Quan
- The Sichuan Provincial Key Laboratory for Human Disease Gene Study, The Department of Medical Genetics, The Department of Laboratory Medicine, Sichuan Academy of Medical Sciences & Sichuan Provincial People's Hospital, School of Medicine, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, China; Research Unit for Blindness Prevention, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences (2019RU026), Sichuan Academy of Medical Sciences and Sichuan Provincial People's Hospital, Chengdu, Sichuan, P.R. China
| | - Xin Jiang
- The Sichuan Provincial Key Laboratory for Human Disease Gene Study, The Department of Medical Genetics, The Department of Laboratory Medicine, Sichuan Academy of Medical Sciences & Sichuan Provincial People's Hospital, School of Medicine, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, China; Research Unit for Blindness Prevention, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences (2019RU026), Sichuan Academy of Medical Sciences and Sichuan Provincial People's Hospital, Chengdu, Sichuan, P.R. China.
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2
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Latifi-Navid H, Barzegar Behrooz A, Jamehdor S, Davari M, Latifinavid M, Zolfaghari N, Piroozmand S, Taghizadeh S, Bourbour M, Shemshaki G, Latifi-Navid S, Arab SS, Soheili ZS, Ahmadieh H, Sheibani N. Construction of an Exudative Age-Related Macular Degeneration Diagnostic and Therapeutic Molecular Network Using Multi-Layer Network Analysis, a Fuzzy Logic Model, and Deep Learning Techniques: Are Retinal and Brain Neurodegenerative Disorders Related? Pharmaceuticals (Basel) 2023; 16:1555. [PMID: 38004422 PMCID: PMC10674956 DOI: 10.3390/ph16111555] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2023] [Revised: 10/26/2023] [Accepted: 10/27/2023] [Indexed: 11/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Neovascular age-related macular degeneration (nAMD) is a leading cause of irreversible visual impairment in the elderly. The current management of nAMD is limited and involves regular intravitreal administration of anti-vascular endothelial growth factor (anti-VEGF). However, the effectiveness of these treatments is limited by overlapping and compensatory pathways leading to unresponsiveness to anti-VEGF treatments in a significant portion of nAMD patients. Therefore, a system view of pathways involved in pathophysiology of nAMD will have significant clinical value. The aim of this study was to identify proteins, miRNAs, long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs), various metabolites, and single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) with a significant role in the pathogenesis of nAMD. To accomplish this goal, we conducted a multi-layer network analysis, which identified 30 key genes, six miRNAs, and four lncRNAs. We also found three key metabolites that are common with AMD, Alzheimer's disease (AD) and schizophrenia. Moreover, we identified nine key SNPs and their related genes that are common among AMD, AD, schizophrenia, multiple sclerosis (MS), and Parkinson's disease (PD). Thus, our findings suggest that there exists a connection between nAMD and the aforementioned neurodegenerative disorders. In addition, our study also demonstrates the effectiveness of using artificial intelligence, specifically the LSTM network, a fuzzy logic model, and genetic algorithms, to identify important metabolites in complex metabolic pathways to open new avenues for the design and/or repurposing of drugs for nAMD treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hamid Latifi-Navid
- Department of Molecular Medicine, National Institute of Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology, Tehran 1497716316, Iran; (H.L.-N.); (M.D.); (N.Z.); (S.P.); (S.T.); (Z.-S.S.)
- Departments of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences and Cell and Regenerative Biology, University of Wisconsin School of Medicine and Public Health, Madison, WI 53705, USA
| | - Amir Barzegar Behrooz
- Department of Human Anatomy and Cell Science, University of Manitoba College of Medicine, Winnipeg, MB R3T 2N2, Canada;
- Electrophysiology Research Center, Neuroscience Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran 1416634793, Iran
| | - Saleh Jamehdor
- Department of Virology, Faculty of Medicine, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Hamadan 6517838636, Iran;
| | - Maliheh Davari
- Department of Molecular Medicine, National Institute of Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology, Tehran 1497716316, Iran; (H.L.-N.); (M.D.); (N.Z.); (S.P.); (S.T.); (Z.-S.S.)
| | - Masoud Latifinavid
- Department of Mechatronic Engineering, University of Turkish Aeronautical Association, 06790 Ankara, Turkey;
| | - Narges Zolfaghari
- Department of Molecular Medicine, National Institute of Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology, Tehran 1497716316, Iran; (H.L.-N.); (M.D.); (N.Z.); (S.P.); (S.T.); (Z.-S.S.)
| | - Somayeh Piroozmand
- Department of Molecular Medicine, National Institute of Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology, Tehran 1497716316, Iran; (H.L.-N.); (M.D.); (N.Z.); (S.P.); (S.T.); (Z.-S.S.)
| | - Sepideh Taghizadeh
- Department of Molecular Medicine, National Institute of Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology, Tehran 1497716316, Iran; (H.L.-N.); (M.D.); (N.Z.); (S.P.); (S.T.); (Z.-S.S.)
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Schulich School of Medicine & Dentistry, Western University, London, ON N6A 5C1, Canada
| | - Mahsa Bourbour
- Department of Biotechnology, Alzahra University, Tehran 1993893973, Iran;
| | - Golnaz Shemshaki
- Department of Studies in Zoology, University of Mysore, Manasagangothri, Mysore 570005, India;
| | - Saeid Latifi-Navid
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Sciences, University of Mohaghegh Ardabili, Ardabil 5619911367, Iran;
| | - Seyed Shahriar Arab
- Biophysics Department, Faculty of Biological Sciences, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran 1411713116, Iran;
| | - Zahra-Soheila Soheili
- Department of Molecular Medicine, National Institute of Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology, Tehran 1497716316, Iran; (H.L.-N.); (M.D.); (N.Z.); (S.P.); (S.T.); (Z.-S.S.)
| | - Hamid Ahmadieh
- Ophthalmic Research Center, Research Institute for Ophthalmology and Vision Science, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran 1666673111, Iran;
| | - Nader Sheibani
- Departments of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences and Cell and Regenerative Biology, University of Wisconsin School of Medicine and Public Health, Madison, WI 53705, USA
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3
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Hudson J, Paul S, Veraksa A, Ghabrial A, Harvey KF, Poon C. NDR kinase tricornered genetically interacts with Ccm3 and metabolic enzymes in Drosophila melanogaster tracheal development. G3 (BETHESDA, MD.) 2023; 13:6991444. [PMID: 36653023 PMCID: PMC9997570 DOI: 10.1093/g3journal/jkad013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2022] [Revised: 07/18/2022] [Accepted: 12/14/2022] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
Abstract
The Germinal Center Kinase III (GckIII) pathway is a Hippo-like kinase module defined by sequential activation of Ste20 kinases Thousand and One (Tao) and GckIII, followed by nuclear dbf2-related (NDR) kinase Tricornered (Trc). We previously uncovered a role for the GckIII pathway in Drosophila melanogaster tracheal (respiratory) tube morphology. The trachea form a network of branched epithelial tubes essential for oxygen transport, and are structurally analogous to branched tubular organs in vertebrates, such as the vascular system. In the absence of GckIII pathway function, aberrant dilations form in tracheal tubes characterized by mislocalized junctional and apical proteins, suggesting that the pathway is important in maintaining tube integrity in development. Here, we observed a genetic interaction between trc and Cerebral cavernous malformations 3 (Ccm3), the Drosophila ortholog of a human vascular disease gene, supporting our hypothesis that the GckIII pathway functions downstream of Ccm3 in trachea, and potentially in the vertebrate cerebral vasculature. However, how GckIII pathway signaling is regulated and the mechanisms that underpin its function in tracheal development are unknown. We undertook biochemical and genetic approaches to identify proteins that interact with Trc, the most downstream GckIII pathway kinase. We found that known GckIII and NDR scaffold proteins are likely to control GckIII pathway signaling in tracheal development, consistent with their conserved roles in Hippo-like modules. Furthermore, we show genetic interactions between trc and multiple enzymes in glycolysis and oxidative phosphorylation, suggesting a potential function of the GckIII pathway in integrating cellular energy requirements with maintenance of tube integrity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joshua Hudson
- Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, 305 Grattan Street, Melbourne, Victoria 3000, Australia.,Sir Peter MacCallum Department of Oncology, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria 3010, Australia
| | - Sayantanee Paul
- Department of Biology, University of Massachusetts Boston, Boston, MA 02125, USA
| | - Alexey Veraksa
- Department of Biology, University of Massachusetts Boston, Boston, MA 02125, USA
| | - Amin Ghabrial
- Department of Pathology and Cell Biology, Columbia University College of Physicians and Surgeons, 630 West 168th Street, New York, NY 10032, USA
| | - Kieran F Harvey
- Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, 305 Grattan Street, Melbourne, Victoria 3000, Australia.,Sir Peter MacCallum Department of Oncology, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria 3010, Australia.,Department of Anatomy and Developmental Biology, and Biomedicine Discovery Institute, Monash University, Clayton 3800, Australia
| | - Carole Poon
- Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, 305 Grattan Street, Melbourne, Victoria 3000, Australia.,Sir Peter MacCallum Department of Oncology, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria 3010, Australia
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4
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Lin Y, Yan S, Chang X, Qi X, Chi X. The global integrative network: integration of signaling and metabolic pathways. ABIOTECH 2022; 3:281-291. [PMID: 36533264 PMCID: PMC9755797 DOI: 10.1007/s42994-022-00078-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2022] [Accepted: 08/08/2022] [Indexed: 10/14/2022]
Abstract
The crosstalk between signaling and metabolic pathways has been known to play key roles in human diseases and plant biological processes. The integration of signaling and metabolic pathways can provide an essential reference framework for crosstalk analysis. However, current databases use distinct structures to present signaling and metabolic pathways, which leads to the chaos in the integrated networks. Moreover, for the metabolic pathways, the metabolic enzymes and the reactions are disconnected by the current widely accepted layout of edges and nodes, which hinders the topological analysis of the integrated networks. Here, we propose a novel "meta-pathway" structure, which uses the uniformed structure to display the signaling and metabolic pathways, and resolves the difficulty in linking the metabolic enzymes to the reactions topologically. We compiled a comprehensive collection of global integrative networks (GINs) by merging the meta-pathways of 7077 species. We demonstrated the assembly of the signaling and metabolic pathways using the GINs of four species-human, mouse, Arabidopsis, and rice. Almost all of the nodes were assembled into one major network for each of the four species, which provided opportunities for robust crosstalk and topological analysis, and knowledge graph construction. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1007/s42994-022-00078-1.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuying Lin
- Department of Dermatology, Xuan Wu Hospital, Beijing, 100053 China
| | - Shen Yan
- Agricultural Information Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Science, Beijing, 100081 China
| | - Xiao Chang
- Department of Dermatology, Xuan Wu Hospital, Beijing, 100053 China
| | - Xiaoquan Qi
- Key Laboratory of Plant Molecular Physiology, Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100093 China
- The Innovative Academy of Seed Design, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100101 China
| | - Xu Chi
- CAS Key Laboratory of Genomic and Precision Medicine, Beijing Institute of Genomics, Chinese Academy of Sciences and China National Center for Bioinformation, Beijing, 100101 China
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5
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Li L, Wang M, Ma Q, Ye J, Sun G. Role of glycolysis in the development of atherosclerosis. Am J Physiol Cell Physiol 2022; 323:C617-C629. [PMID: 35876285 DOI: 10.1152/ajpcell.00218.2022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Atherosclerosis is a chronic inflammatory vascular disease associated with atherosclerotic plaques and endothelial dysfunction, inflammation, and plaque formation. Glycolysis is a conservative and rigorous biological process that decomposes glucose into pyruvate. Its function is to provide the body with energy and intermediate products required for life activities. However, abnormalities in glycolytic flux during the progression of atherosclerosis accelerate disease progression. Here, we review the role of glycolysis in the development of atherosclerosis to provide new ideas for developing novel anti-atherosclerosis strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lanfang Li
- Institute of Medicinal Plant Development, Peking Union Medical College and Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Min Wang
- Institute of Medicinal Plant Development, Peking Union Medical College and Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Qiuxiao Ma
- Xiyuan Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Jingxue Ye
- Institute of Medicinal Plant Development, Peking Union Medical College and Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Guibo Sun
- Institute of Medicinal Plant Development, Peking Union Medical College and Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
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6
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Gomes MT, Bai Y, Potje SR, Zhang L, Lockett AD, Machado RF. Signal Transduction during Metabolic and Inflammatory Reprogramming in Pulmonary Vascular Remodeling. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:2410. [PMID: 35269553 PMCID: PMC8910500 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23052410] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2022] [Accepted: 02/17/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH) is a progressive disease characterized by (mal)adaptive remodeling of the pulmonary vasculature, which is associated with inflammation, fibrosis, thrombosis, and neovascularization. Vascular remodeling in PAH is associated with cellular metabolic and inflammatory reprogramming that induce profound endothelial and smooth muscle cell phenotypic changes. Multiple signaling pathways and regulatory loops act on metabolic and inflammatory mediators which influence cellular behavior and trigger pulmonary vascular remodeling in vivo. This review discusses the role of bioenergetic and inflammatory impairments in PAH development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marta T. Gomes
- Division of Pulmonary, Critical Care, Sleep and Occupational Medicine, School of Medicine, Indiana University, Indianapolis, IN 46202, USA; (Y.B.); (S.R.P.); (A.D.L.)
| | - Yang Bai
- Division of Pulmonary, Critical Care, Sleep and Occupational Medicine, School of Medicine, Indiana University, Indianapolis, IN 46202, USA; (Y.B.); (S.R.P.); (A.D.L.)
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, China Medical University, Shenyang 110122, China
| | - Simone R. Potje
- Division of Pulmonary, Critical Care, Sleep and Occupational Medicine, School of Medicine, Indiana University, Indianapolis, IN 46202, USA; (Y.B.); (S.R.P.); (A.D.L.)
- Department of Biological Science, Minas Gerais State University (UEMG), Passos 37900-106, Brazil
| | - Lu Zhang
- Department of Ion Channel Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, China Medical University, Shenyang 110122, China;
| | - Angelia D. Lockett
- Division of Pulmonary, Critical Care, Sleep and Occupational Medicine, School of Medicine, Indiana University, Indianapolis, IN 46202, USA; (Y.B.); (S.R.P.); (A.D.L.)
| | - Roberto F. Machado
- Division of Pulmonary, Critical Care, Sleep and Occupational Medicine, School of Medicine, Indiana University, Indianapolis, IN 46202, USA; (Y.B.); (S.R.P.); (A.D.L.)
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7
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Inhibition of protein glycosylation is a novel pro-angiogenic strategy that acts via activation of stress pathways. Nat Commun 2020; 11:6330. [PMID: 33303737 PMCID: PMC7730427 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-020-20108-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2019] [Accepted: 11/11/2020] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Endothelial cell (EC) metabolism is thought to be one of the driving forces for angiogenesis. Here we report the identification of the hexosamine D-mannosamine (ManN) as an EC mitogen and survival factor for bovine and human microvascular EC, with an additivity with VEGF. ManN inhibits glycosylation in ECs and induces significant changes in N-glycan and O-glycan profiles. We further demonstrate that ManN and two N-glycosylation inhibitors stimulate EC proliferation via both JNK activation and the unfolded protein response caused by ER stress. ManN results in enhanced angiogenesis in a mouse skin injury model. ManN also promotes angiogenesis in a mouse hindlimb ischemia model, with accelerated limb blood flow recovery compared to controls. In addition, intraocular injection of ManN induces retinal neovascularization. Therefore, activation of stress pathways following inhibition of protein glycosylation can promote EC proliferation and angiogenesis and may represent a therapeutic strategy for treatment of ischemic disorders. Therapeutic angiogenesis has the potential of inducing and maintaining new blood vessels and thus improving outcomes in patients with ischemic disorders. Mannosamine functions as an endothelial cell mitogen/survival factor through activation of stress pathways and might be useful to protect and regenerate the vascular endothelium in a variety of disorders.
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8
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Alesutan I, Moritz F, Haider T, Shouxuan S, Gollmann-Tepeköylü C, Holfeld J, Pieske B, Lang F, Eckardt KU, Heinzmann SS, Voelkl J. Impact of β-glycerophosphate on the bioenergetic profile of vascular smooth muscle cells. J Mol Med (Berl) 2020; 98:985-997. [PMID: 32488546 PMCID: PMC7343738 DOI: 10.1007/s00109-020-01925-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/27/2019] [Revised: 05/12/2020] [Accepted: 05/14/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Abstract In chronic kidney disease, hyperphosphatemia is a key pathological factor promoting medial vascular calcification, a common complication associated with cardiovascular events and mortality. This active pathophysiological process involves osteo-/chondrogenic transdifferentiation of vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMCs) via complex intracellular mechanisms that are still incompletely understood. Little is known about the effects of phosphate on the bioenergetic profile of VSMCs during the onset of this process. Therefore, the present study explored the effects of the phosphate donor β-glycerophosphate on cellular bioenergetics of VSMCs. Mitochondrial and glycolytic functions were determined utilizing extracellular flux analysis in primary human aortic VSMCs following exposure to β-glycerophosphate. In VSMCs, β-glycerophosphate increased basal respiration, mitochondrial ATP production as well as proton leak and decreased spare respiratory capacity and coupling efficiency, but did not modify non-mitochondrial or maximal respiration. β-Glycerophosphate-treated VSMCs had higher ability to increase mitochondrial glutamine and long-chain fatty acid usage as oxidation substrates to meet their energy demand. β-Glycerophosphate did not modify glycolytic function or basal and glycolytic proton efflux rate. In contrast, β-glycerophosphate increased non-glycolytic acidification. β-Glycerophosphate-treated VSMCs had a more oxidative and less glycolytic phenotype, but a reduced ability to respond to stressed conditions via mitochondrial respiration. Moreover, compounds targeting components of mitochondrial respiration modulated β-glycerophosphate-induced oxidative stress, osteo-/chondrogenic signalling and mineralization of VSMCs. In conclusion, β-glycerophosphate modifies key parameters of mitochondrial function and cellular bioenergetics in VSMCs that may contribute to the onset of phenotypical transdifferentiation and calcification. These observations advance the understanding of the role of energy metabolism in VSMC physiology and pathophysiology of vascular calcification during hyperphosphatemia. Key messages β-Glycerophosphate modifies key parameters of mitochondrial respiration in VSMCs. β-Glycerophosphate induces changes in mitochondrial fuel choice in VSMCs. β-Glycerophosphate promotes a more oxidative and less glycolytic phenotype of VSMCs. β-Glycerophosphate triggers mitochondrial-dependent oxidative stress in VSMCs. Bioenergetics impact β-glycerophosphate-induced VSMC calcification.
Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (10.1007/s00109-020-01925-8) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ioana Alesutan
- Institute for Physiology and Pathophysiology, Johannes Kepler University, Altenberger Strasse 69, 4040, Linz, Austria. .,DZHK (German Centre for Cardiovascular Research), partner site Berlin, Berlin, Germany. .,Berlin Institute of Health (BIH), Berlin, Germany. .,Department of Internal Medicine and Cardiology, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Campus Virchow-Klinikum, Berlin, Germany.
| | - Franco Moritz
- Analytical BioGeoChemistry, Helmholtz Zentrum München, German Research Center for Environmental Health, Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Tatjana Haider
- Institute for Physiology and Pathophysiology, Johannes Kepler University, Altenberger Strasse 69, 4040, Linz, Austria
| | - Sun Shouxuan
- Institute for Physiology and Pathophysiology, Johannes Kepler University, Altenberger Strasse 69, 4040, Linz, Austria
| | - Can Gollmann-Tepeköylü
- University Clinic of Cardiac Surgery, Medical University of Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Johannes Holfeld
- University Clinic of Cardiac Surgery, Medical University of Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Burkert Pieske
- DZHK (German Centre for Cardiovascular Research), partner site Berlin, Berlin, Germany.,Berlin Institute of Health (BIH), Berlin, Germany.,Department of Internal Medicine and Cardiology, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Campus Virchow-Klinikum, Berlin, Germany.,Department of Internal Medicine and Cardiology, German Heart Center Berlin (DHZB), Berlin, Germany
| | - Florian Lang
- Department of Physiology I, Eberhard-Karls University, Tubingen, Germany
| | - Kai-Uwe Eckardt
- Department of Nephrology and Medical Intensive Care, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Silke Sophie Heinzmann
- Analytical BioGeoChemistry, Helmholtz Zentrum München, German Research Center for Environmental Health, Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Jakob Voelkl
- Institute for Physiology and Pathophysiology, Johannes Kepler University, Altenberger Strasse 69, 4040, Linz, Austria.,DZHK (German Centre for Cardiovascular Research), partner site Berlin, Berlin, Germany.,Department of Internal Medicine and Cardiology, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Campus Virchow-Klinikum, Berlin, Germany.,Department of Nephrology and Medical Intensive Care, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany
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9
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Zhao X, Tan F, Cao X, Cao Z, Li B, Shen Z, Tian Y. PKM2-dependent glycolysis promotes the proliferation and migration of vascular smooth muscle cells during atherosclerosis. Acta Biochim Biophys Sin (Shanghai) 2020; 52:9-17. [PMID: 31867609 DOI: 10.1093/abbs/gmz135] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2019] [Revised: 10/01/2019] [Accepted: 11/06/2019] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Increased glycolysis is involved in the proliferation and migration of vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMCs). Pyruvate kinase isoform M2 (PKM2), a key rate-limiting enzyme in glycolysis, accelerates the proliferation and migration of tumor cells. Although the intracellular mechanisms associated with oxidized low-density lipoprotein (oxLDL)-stimulated VSMC proliferation and migration have been extensively explored, it is still unclear whether oxLDL promotes the proliferation and migration of VSMCs by enhancing PKM2-dependent glycolysis. In the present study, we detected PKM2 expression and pyruvate kinase activity in oxLDL-treated VSMCs and explored the regulation of PKM2 in oxLDL-treated VSMCs and apoE-/- mice. The results showed that PKM2 expression in VSMCs was higher in the intima than in the media in plaques from atherosclerotic rabbits. Moreover, PKM2 level in VSMCs was increased during atherosclerosis progression in apoE-/- mice. Both PKM2 expression and pyruvate kinase activity were found to be upregulated by oxLDL stimulation in VSMCs. Shikonin (SKN), a specific inhibitor of PKM2, was found to inhibit the oxLDL-induced proliferation and migration in VSMCs, in addition to delaying the atherosclerosis progression in apoE-/- mice. More importantly, oxLDL increased glucose uptake, ATP and lactate production, and the extracellular acidification rate in VSMCs, which could be reversed by SKN. Meanwhile, oxygen consumption rate was unchanged after oxLDL stimulation, suggesting that glycolysis is the main contributor to the energy supply in oxLDL-treated VSMCs. Our results suggest that oxLDL induces VSMC proliferation and migration by upregulating PKM2-dependent glycolysis, thereby contributing to the atherosclerosis progression. Thus, targeting PKM2-dependent glycolysis might provide a novel therapeutic approach for the treatment of atherosclerosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xuezhu Zhao
- Department of Cardiology, the First Affiliated Hospital, Cardiovascular Institute, Harbin Medical University, Harbin 150001, China
| | - Fancheng Tan
- Department of Pathophysiology and Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Pathophysiology, Harbin Medical University, Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Medicine Research (Harbin Medical University), Ministry of Education, Harbin 150086, China
| | - Xiaoru Cao
- Department of Pathophysiology and Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Pathophysiology, Harbin Medical University, Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Medicine Research (Harbin Medical University), Ministry of Education, Harbin 150086, China
| | - Zhengyu Cao
- Department of Cardiology, the First Affiliated Hospital, Cardiovascular Institute, Harbin Medical University, Harbin 150001, China
| | - Bicheng Li
- Department of Cardiology, the First Affiliated Hospital, Cardiovascular Institute, Harbin Medical University, Harbin 150001, China
| | - Zhaoqian Shen
- Department of Cardiology, the First Affiliated Hospital, Cardiovascular Institute, Harbin Medical University, Harbin 150001, China
| | - Ye Tian
- Department of Cardiology, the First Affiliated Hospital, Cardiovascular Institute, Harbin Medical University, Harbin 150001, China
- Department of Pathophysiology and Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Pathophysiology, Harbin Medical University, Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Medicine Research (Harbin Medical University), Ministry of Education, Harbin 150086, China
- Heilongjiang Academy of Medical Sciences, Harbin 150086, China
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10
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Chanthick C, Thongboonkerd V. Comparative proteomics reveals concordant and discordant biochemical effects of caffeine versus epigallocatechin-3-gallate in human endothelial cells. Toxicol Appl Pharmacol 2019; 378:114621. [DOI: 10.1016/j.taap.2019.114621] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2019] [Revised: 06/04/2019] [Accepted: 06/07/2019] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
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11
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Zhang Y, Shan P, Srivastava A, Li Z, Lee PJ. Endothelial Stanniocalcin 1 Maintains Mitochondrial Bioenergetics and Prevents Oxidant-Induced Lung Injury via Toll-Like Receptor 4. Antioxid Redox Signal 2019; 30:1775-1796. [PMID: 30187766 PMCID: PMC6479262 DOI: 10.1089/ars.2018.7514] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
Abstract
AIMS Oxidant-induced endothelial injury plays a critical role in the pathogenesis of acute lung injury (ALI) and subsequent respiratory failure. Our previous studies revealed an endogenous antioxidant and protective pathway in lung endothelium mediated by heat shock protein 70 (Hsp70)-toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4) signaling. However, the downstream effector mechanisms remained unclear. Stanniocalcin 1 (STC1) has been reported to mediate antioxidant responses in tissues such as the lungs. However, regulators of STC1 expression as well as its physiological function in the lungs were unknown. We sought to elucidate the relationship between TLR4 and STC1 in hyperoxia-induced lung injury in vitro and in vivo and to define the functional role of STC1 expression in lung endothelium. RESULTS We identified significantly decreased STC1 expression in TLR4 knockout mouse lungs and primary lung endothelium isolated from TLR4 knockout mice. Overexpression of STC1 was associated with endothelial cytoprotection, whereas decreased or insufficient expression was associated with increased oxidant-induced injury and death. An Hsp70-TLR4-nuclear factor kappa-light-chain-enhancer of activated B cells (NFκB) signal mediates STC1 induction in the lungs and endothelial cells. We also demonstrated a previously unrecognized role for mitochondrial-associated STC1, via TLR4, in maintaining normal glycolysis, mitochondrial bioenergetics, and mitochondrial calcium levels. INNOVATION To date, a physiological role for STC1 in oxidant-induced ALI has not been identified. In addition, our studies show that STC1 is regulated by TLR4 and exerts lung and endothelial protection in response to sterile oxidant-induced lung injury. CONCLUSIONS Our studies reveal a novel TLR4-STC1-mediated mitochondrial pathway that has homeostatic as well as oxidant-induced cytoprotective functions in lung endothelium.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi Zhang
- 1 Section of Pulmonary, Critical Care and Sleep Medicine, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut
| | - Peiying Shan
- 1 Section of Pulmonary, Critical Care and Sleep Medicine, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut
| | - Anup Srivastava
- 1 Section of Pulmonary, Critical Care and Sleep Medicine, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut.,2 Division of Endocrinology, Department of Medicine, College of Medicine, University of Arizona, Tucson, Arizona
| | - Zhenyu Li
- 1 Section of Pulmonary, Critical Care and Sleep Medicine, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut.,3 Intensive Care Unit, The Second Hospital of Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China
| | - Patty J Lee
- 1 Section of Pulmonary, Critical Care and Sleep Medicine, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut
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12
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Schnack L, Sohrabi Y, Lagache SMM, Kahles F, Bruemmer D, Waltenberger J, Findeisen HM. Mechanisms of Trained Innate Immunity in oxLDL Primed Human Coronary Smooth Muscle Cells. Front Immunol 2019; 10:13. [PMID: 30728822 PMCID: PMC6351498 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2019.00013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 58] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/14/2018] [Accepted: 01/04/2019] [Indexed: 01/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Objective: Damage and pathogen associated molecular patterns such as oxidized low-density lipoprotein (oxLDL) or bacillus Calmette-Guerin (BCG) vaccine can induce long term pro-inflammatory priming in monocytes and macrophages due to metabolic and epigenetic reprogramming—an emerging new concept called trained innate immunity. Vascular smooth muscle cells express pattern recognition receptors involved in trained innate immunity in monocytes. Here we investigated whether the mechanisms of trained innate immunity also control a proinflammatory phenotype in human coronary smooth muscle cells. Methods: Human coronary smooth muscle cells were primed with oxLDL or BCG for 24 h. After a resting time of 4 to 7 days, the cells were restimulated with either PAM3cys4, LPS or TNFα and cytokine production or mRNA expression were measured. Then, mechanisms of monocyte trained innate immunity were analyzed in smooth muscle cells, including receptors, intracellular pathways as well as metabolic and epigenetic reprogramming. Results: Priming with oxLDL or BCG lead to a significantly increased production of IL6, IL8 and MCP-1 following restimulation. OxLDL priming had little effect on the expression of macrophage or SMC marker genes. Proinflammatory priming of smooth muscle cells induced mTOR-HIF1α-signaling and could be blocked by mTOR-, TLR2-, and TLR4-inhibition. Finally, metabolic and epigenetic mechanisms of trained innate immunity in monocytes could be replicated in smooth muscle cells, including increased glucose consumption, lactate production, responsiveness to 6-fluoromevalonate and mevalonate treatment and inhibition of priming by the histone methyltransferase inhibitor methylthioadenosine (MTA). Conclusion: We demonstrate for the first time that mechanisms of the so called trained innate immunity control a proinflammatory phenotype in non-immune cells of the vascular wall. Our findings warrant further research into the specificity of trained innate immunity as an immune cell response as well as the mechanisms of vascular smooth muscle cells inflammation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lucia Schnack
- Department of Cardiology I, Coronary and Peripheral Vascular Disease, Heart Failure, University Hospital Münster, Münster, Germany
| | - Yahya Sohrabi
- Department of Cardiology I, Coronary and Peripheral Vascular Disease, Heart Failure, University Hospital Münster, Münster, Germany
| | - Sina M M Lagache
- Department of Cardiology I, Coronary and Peripheral Vascular Disease, Heart Failure, University Hospital Münster, Münster, Germany
| | - Florian Kahles
- Department of Internal Medicine I-Cardiology, University Hospital Aachen, Aachen, Germany
| | - Dennis Bruemmer
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, Pittsburgh Heart, Lung, Blood, and Vascular Medicine Institute, UPMC and University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA, United States
| | - Johannes Waltenberger
- Medical Faculty, University of Münster, Münster, Germany.,Cells-in-Motion Cluster of Excellence (EXC 1003-CiM), University of Münster, Münster, Germany
| | - Hannes M Findeisen
- Department of Cardiology I, Coronary and Peripheral Vascular Disease, Heart Failure, University Hospital Münster, Münster, Germany
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13
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Veys K, Alvarado-Diaz A, De Bock K. Measuring Glycolytic and Mitochondrial Fluxes in Endothelial Cells Using Radioactive Tracers. Methods Mol Biol 2019; 1862:121-136. [PMID: 30315464 DOI: 10.1007/978-1-4939-8769-6_9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Endothelial cells (ECs) form the inner lining of the vascular network. Although they can remain quiescent for years, ECs exhibit high plasticity in both physiological and pathological conditions, when they need to rapidly form new blood vessels in a process called angiogenesis. EC metabolism recently emerged as an important driver of this angiogenic switch. The use of radioactive tracer substrates to assess metabolic flux rates in ECs has been essential for the discovery that fatty acid, glucose, and glutamine metabolism critically contribute to vessel sprouting. In the future, these assays will be useful as a tool for the characterization of pathological conditions in which deregulation of EC metabolism underlies and/or precedes the disease, but also for the identification of anti-angiogenic metabolic targets. This chapter describes in detail the radioactive tracer substrate assays that have been used for the determination of EC metabolic flux in vitro.
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Affiliation(s)
- Koen Veys
- Laboratory of Angiogenesis and Vascular Metabolism, VIB Center for Cancer Biology, VIB, Leuven, Belgium
- Laboratory of Angiogenesis and Vascular Metabolism, Department of Oncology, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Abdiel Alvarado-Diaz
- Laboratory of Exercise and Health, Department of Health Sciences and Technology, ETH Zürich, Zürich, Switzerland
| | - Katrien De Bock
- Laboratory of Exercise and Health, Department of Health Sciences and Technology, ETH Zürich, Zürich, Switzerland.
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14
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Gao Y, Stanley DV, Robinson VC, Reid DM, Galis ZS. Angiogenesis Research: Extramural Portfolio Supported by the National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute, 2008-2015. Circ Res 2017; 120:1713-1717. [PMID: 28546354 DOI: 10.1161/circresaha.117.310735] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Yunling Gao
- From the Division of Cardiovascular Sciences, Vascular Biology and Hypertension Branch, National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD.
| | - Dennis V Stanley
- From the Division of Cardiovascular Sciences, Vascular Biology and Hypertension Branch, National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD
| | - Valerie C Robinson
- From the Division of Cardiovascular Sciences, Vascular Biology and Hypertension Branch, National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD
| | - Diane M Reid
- From the Division of Cardiovascular Sciences, Vascular Biology and Hypertension Branch, National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD
| | - Zorina S Galis
- From the Division of Cardiovascular Sciences, Vascular Biology and Hypertension Branch, National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD
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15
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Yang M, Chadwick AE, Dart C, Kamishima T, Quayle JM. Bioenergetic profile of human coronary artery smooth muscle cells and effect of metabolic intervention. PLoS One 2017; 12:e0177951. [PMID: 28542339 PMCID: PMC5438125 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0177951] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2017] [Accepted: 05/05/2017] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Bioenergetics of artery smooth muscle cells is critical in cardiovascular health and disease. An acute rise in metabolic demand causes vasodilation in systemic circulation while a chronic shift in bioenergetic profile may lead to vascular diseases. A decrease in intracellular ATP level may trigger physiological responses while dedifferentiation of contractile smooth muscle cells to a proliferative and migratory phenotype is often observed during pathological processes. Although it is now possible to dissect multiple building blocks of bioenergetic components quantitatively, detailed cellular bioenergetics of artery smooth muscle cells is still largely unknown. Thus, we profiled cellular bioenergetics of human coronary artery smooth muscle cells and effects of metabolic intervention. Mitochondria and glycolysis stress tests utilizing Seahorse technology revealed that mitochondrial oxidative phosphorylation accounted for 54.5% of ATP production at rest with the remaining 45.5% due to glycolysis. Stress tests also showed that oxidative phosphorylation and glycolysis can increase to a maximum of 3.5 fold and 1.25 fold, respectively, indicating that the former has a high reserve capacity. Analysis of bioenergetic profile indicated that aging cells have lower resting oxidative phosphorylation and reduced reserve capacity. Intracellular ATP level of a single cell was estimated to be over 1.1 mM. Application of metabolic modulators caused significant changes in mitochondria membrane potential, intracellular ATP level and ATP:ADP ratio. The detailed breakdown of cellular bioenergetics showed that proliferating human coronary artery smooth muscle cells rely more or less equally on oxidative phosphorylation and glycolysis at rest. These cells have high respiratory reserve capacity and low glycolysis reserve capacity. Metabolic intervention influences both intracellular ATP concentration and ATP:ADP ratio, where subtler changes may be detected by the latter.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mingming Yang
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Physiology, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, United Kingdom
| | - Amy E. Chadwick
- Department of Molecular and Clinical Pharmacology, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, United Kingdom
| | - Caroline Dart
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, United Kingdom
| | - Tomoko Kamishima
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Physiology, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, United Kingdom
| | - John M. Quayle
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Physiology, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, United Kingdom
- * E-mail:
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16
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Initiation of acute graft-versus-host disease by angiogenesis. Blood 2017; 129:2021-2032. [PMID: 28096092 DOI: 10.1182/blood-2016-08-736314] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2016] [Accepted: 01/08/2017] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
The inhibition of inflammation-associated angiogenesis ameliorates inflammatory diseases by reducing the recruitment of tissue-infiltrating leukocytes. However, it is not known if angiogenesis has an active role during the initiation of inflammation or if it is merely a secondary effect occurring in response to stimuli by tissue-infiltrating leukocytes. Here, we show that angiogenesis precedes leukocyte infiltration in experimental models of inflammatory bowel disease and acute graft-versus-host disease (GVHD). We found that angiogenesis occurred as early as day+2 after allogeneic transplantation mainly in GVHD typical target organs skin, liver, and intestines, whereas no angiogenic changes appeared due to conditioning or syngeneic transplantation. The initiation phase of angiogenesis was not associated with classical endothelial cell (EC) activation signs, such as Vegfa/VEGFR1+2 upregulation or increased adhesion molecule expression. During early GVHD at day+2, we found significant metabolic and cytoskeleton changes in target organ ECs in gene array and proteomic analyses. These modifications have significant functional consequences as indicated by profoundly higher deformation in real-time deformability cytometry. Our results demonstrate that metabolic changes trigger alterations in cell mechanics, leading to enhanced migratory and proliferative potential of ECs during the initiation of inflammation. Our study adds evidence to the hypothesis that angiogenesis is involved in the initiation of tissue inflammation during GVHD.
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