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Lee YJ, Go YJ, Yoo HN, Choi GG, Park HY, Kang JG, Lee WS, Shin SK. Measurement and analysis of biomass content using gas emissions from solid refuse fuel incineration. WASTE MANAGEMENT (NEW YORK, N.Y.) 2021; 120:392-399. [PMID: 33261979 DOI: 10.1016/j.wasman.2020.09.036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/04/2020] [Revised: 09/18/2020] [Accepted: 09/22/2020] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
In this study, we compared the results of biomass and biocarbon content analysis of Solid Refuse Fuels using 14C method and selective dissolution method. Solid Refuse fuel Samples for biomass and biocarbon contents analysis were each collected from the silos and stack of the respective three facilities. Samples collected for 1, 10, 20, and 30 days for each method were analyzed. The analysis data were grouped into sample period, type and method and the optimum method for the detection of the biomass and biocarbon content was estimated. The biomass and biocarbon content showed a partially normal distribution. However, it does not satisfy equal variance. Therefore, we applied the parametric statistics Welch's ANOVA test and the nonparametric statistics Kruskal-Wallis test to compare the means of each sample group. The results of the Kruskal-Wallis test showed that sapmles collected over 20 days at Facility A had the same mean value. Therefore, when analyzing biocarbon content using the 14C method, conducting analyses by collecting exhaust gases for more than 20 days reduces errors in the results.
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Affiliation(s)
- Young-Jin Lee
- Environmental Resources Research Department, National Institue of Environmental Research, Hwangyong-ro 42, Seogu, Incheon 22689, South Korea
| | - Young-Jae Go
- Environmental Resources Research Department, National Institue of Environmental Research, Hwangyong-ro 42, Seogu, Incheon 22689, South Korea
| | - Ha-Nyoung Yoo
- Environmental Resources Research Department, National Institue of Environmental Research, Hwangyong-ro 42, Seogu, Incheon 22689, South Korea
| | - Gyoung-Goo Choi
- Environmental Resources Research Department, National Institue of Environmental Research, Hwangyong-ro 42, Seogu, Incheon 22689, South Korea
| | - Ho-Yeun Park
- Environmental Resources Research Department, National Institue of Environmental Research, Hwangyong-ro 42, Seogu, Incheon 22689, South Korea
| | - Jun-Gu Kang
- Environmental Resources Research Department, National Institue of Environmental Research, Hwangyong-ro 42, Seogu, Incheon 22689, South Korea.
| | - Won-Seok Lee
- Environmental Resources Research Department, National Institue of Environmental Research, Hwangyong-ro 42, Seogu, Incheon 22689, South Korea
| | - Sun-Kyoung Shin
- Environmental Resources Research Department, National Institue of Environmental Research, Hwangyong-ro 42, Seogu, Incheon 22689, South Korea
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Kang S, Cha JH, Hong YJ, Lee D, Kim KH, Jeon EC. Estimation of optimal biomass fraction measuring cycle formunicipal solid waste incineration facilities in Korea. WASTE MANAGEMENT (NEW YORK, N.Y.) 2018; 71:176-180. [PMID: 29030121 DOI: 10.1016/j.wasman.2017.09.028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2017] [Revised: 09/21/2017] [Accepted: 09/21/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
This study estimates the optimum sampling cycle using a statistical method for biomass fraction. More than ten samples were collected from each of the three municipal solid waste (MSW) facilities between June 2013 and March 2015 and the biomass fraction was analyzed. The analysis data were grouped into monthly, quarterly, semi-annual, and annual intervals and the optimum sampling cycle for the detection of the biomass fraction was estimated. Biomass fraction data did not show a normal distribution. Therefore, the non-parametric Kruskal-Wallis test was applied to compare the average values for each sample group. The Kruskal-Wallis test results showed that the average monthly, quarterly, semi-annual, and annual values for all three MSW incineration facilities were equal. Therefore, the biomass fraction at the MSW incineration facilities should be calculated on a yearly cycle which is the longest period of the temporal cycles tested.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seongmin Kang
- Department of Environmental and Energy Sciences, Sejong University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Jae Hyung Cha
- Medical Science Research Center, Korea University Ansan Hospital, Ansan-City, Gyeonggi-do 425-707, Republic of Korea
| | - Yoon-Jung Hong
- Climate Change Research Center, Sejong University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Daekyeom Lee
- Cooperate Course for Climate Change, Sejong University, Seoul 143-747, Republic of Korea
| | - Ki-Hyun Kim
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering at Hanyang University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Eui-Chan Jeon
- Department of Environmental and Energy Sciences, Sejong University, Seoul, Republic of Korea.
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Bronić IK, Barešić J, Horvatinčić N, Sironić A. Determination of biogenic component in liquid fuels by the 14C direct LSC method by using quenching properties of modern liquids for calibration. Radiat Phys Chem Oxf Engl 1993 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.radphyschem.2016.01.041] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
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Schwarzböck T, Rechberger H, Cencic O, Fellner J. Determining national greenhouse gas emissions from waste-to-energy using the Balance Method. WASTE MANAGEMENT (NEW YORK, N.Y.) 2016; 49:263-271. [PMID: 26847720 DOI: 10.1016/j.wasman.2016.01.025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/19/2015] [Revised: 01/20/2016] [Accepted: 01/23/2016] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
Different directives of the European Union require operators of waste-to-energy (WTE) plants to report the amount of electricity that is produced from biomass in the waste feed, as well as the amount of fossil CO2 emissions generated by the combustion of fossil waste materials. This paper describes the application of the Balance Method for determining the overall amount of fossil and thus climate relevant CO2 emissions from waste incineration in Austria. The results of 10 Austrian WTE plants (annual waste throughput of around 2,300 kt) demonstrate large seasonal variations in the specific fossil CO2 emissions of the plants as well as large differences between the facilities (annual means range from 32±2 to 51±3 kg CO(2,foss)/GJ heating value). An overall amount of around 924 kt/yr of fossil CO2 for all 10 WTE plants is determined. In comparison biogenic (climate neutral) CO2 emissions amount to 1,187 kt/yr, which corresponds to 56% of the total CO2 emissions from waste incineration. The total energy input via waste feed to the 10 facilities is about 22,500 TJ/yr, of which around 48% can be assigned to biogenic and thus renewable sources.
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Affiliation(s)
- Therese Schwarzböck
- Institute for Water Quality, Resource & Waste Management, TU Wien, Karlsplatz 13, 1040 Vienna, Austria.
| | - Helmut Rechberger
- Institute for Water Quality, Resource & Waste Management, TU Wien, Karlsplatz 13, 1040 Vienna, Austria
| | - Oliver Cencic
- Institute for Water Quality, Resource & Waste Management, TU Wien, Karlsplatz 13, 1040 Vienna, Austria
| | - Johann Fellner
- Institute for Water Quality, Resource & Waste Management, TU Wien, Karlsplatz 13, 1040 Vienna, Austria
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Robinson T, Bronson B, Gogolek P, Mehrani P. Sample preparation for thermo-gravimetric determination and thermo-gravimetric characterization of refuse derived fuel. WASTE MANAGEMENT (NEW YORK, N.Y.) 2016; 48:265-274. [PMID: 26611398 DOI: 10.1016/j.wasman.2015.11.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2015] [Revised: 10/28/2015] [Accepted: 11/09/2015] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
Thermo-gravimetric analysis (TGA) is a useful method for characterizing fuels. In the past it has been applied to the study of refuse derived fuel (RDF) and related materials. However, the heterogeneity of RDF makes the preparation of small representative samples very difficult and this difficulty has limited the effectiveness of TGA for characterization of RDF. A TGA method was applied to a variety of materials prepared from a commercially available RDF using a variety of procedures. Applicability of TGA method to the determination of the renewable content of RDF was considered. Cryogenic ball milling was found to be an effective means of preparing RDF samples for TGA. When combined with an effective sample preparation, TGA could be used as an alternative method for assessing the renewable content of RDF.
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Affiliation(s)
- T Robinson
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, University of Ottawa, 161 Louis Pasteur St., Ottawa, Ontario K1N 6N5, Canada
| | - B Bronson
- Natural Resources Canada, CanmetENERGY, 1 Haanel Drive, Ottawa, Ontario K1A 1M1, Canada
| | - P Gogolek
- Natural Resources Canada, CanmetENERGY, 1 Haanel Drive, Ottawa, Ontario K1A 1M1, Canada
| | - P Mehrani
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, University of Ottawa, 161 Louis Pasteur St., Ottawa, Ontario K1N 6N5, Canada.
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