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Li C, Sun W, Lu Z, Ao X, Li S, Wang Z, Qi F, Ismailova O. Contribution of filtration and photocatalysis to DOM removal and fouling mechanism during in-situ UV-LED photocatalytic ceramic membrane process. WATER RESEARCH 2022; 226:119298. [PMID: 36327584 DOI: 10.1016/j.watres.2022.119298] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2022] [Revised: 10/01/2022] [Accepted: 10/23/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
The use of ceramic membranes and ultraviolet light-emitting diodes (UV-LEDs) has advanced the application of photocatalytic membrane for water treatment. We systematically evaluated the contribution of filtration and photocatalysis to dissolved organic matter (DOM) removal and fouling mechanism during in-situ UV-LED photocatalytic ceramic membrane filtration. The results showed that physical rejection primarily led to removal of 4-15 kDa molecules and photocatalysis further increased the removal of 1-4 kDa molecules, causing small sized microbial humic-like or protein-like materials in the permeate. In-situ UV-LED photocatalysis had an excellent effect on membrane fouling mitigation regardless of DOM sources. The dominant fouling mechanism changed from partial blockage to gel layer formation with increasing Ca2+ concentration but did not change with UV treatment. Correlation analysis revealed that the removal of 1-4 kDa molecules contributed to the mitigation of both reversible and irreversible fouling resistance, and the small molecules were the major cause of irreversible fouling resistance. Removal of 1-4 kDa terrestrial humic acid-like contributed to the pore blockage mechanism for synthetic water. Removal of 4-15 kDa protein-like materials was closely correlated to the pore blockage mechanism for real water. Trihalomethanes (THMs) and haloacetic acids (HAAs) formation potential (FP) were both significantly reduced after photocatalytic ceramic membrane process, but precursors of nitrogenous disinfection by-products (N-DBPs) with high toxicity were not removed by filtration or by photocatalysis, which deserves attention. Membrane rejection made higher contribution to better DBPFP control than photocatalysis. This study provides novel insights into the impact of UV-LED on DOM removal, DBPFP control and fouling mitigation, promoting the development of photocatalytic ceramic membrane filtration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chen Li
- Beijing Key Laboratory for Source Control Technology of Water Pollution, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing 100083, China; School of Environment, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - Wenjun Sun
- School of Environment, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China; Research Institute for Environmental Innovation (Suzhou), Tsinghua, China.
| | - Zedong Lu
- School of Environment, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - Xiuwei Ao
- School of Environment, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - Simiao Li
- School of Environment, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China; Beijing General Municipal Engineering Design and Research Institute Co. Ltd., Beijing China
| | - Zhenbei Wang
- Beijing Key Laboratory for Source Control Technology of Water Pollution, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing 100083, China
| | - Fei Qi
- Beijing Key Laboratory for Source Control Technology of Water Pollution, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing 100083, China
| | - Oksana Ismailova
- Uzbekistan-Japan Innovation Center of Youth, Tashkent, Uzbekistan
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Sakamoto H, Hafuka A, Tsuchiya T, Kimura K. Intensive routine cleaning for mitigation of fouling in flat-sheet ceramic membranes used for drinking water production: Unique characteristics of resulting foulants. Sep Purif Technol 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.seppur.2022.121950] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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3
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Wang L, Wu Y, You Z, Bao H, Zhang L, Wang J. Electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) reveals the role of microbial fuel cell-ceramic membrane bioreactor (MFC-CMBR): Electricity utilization and membrane fouling. WATER RESEARCH 2022; 222:118854. [PMID: 35853333 DOI: 10.1016/j.watres.2022.118854] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/26/2021] [Revised: 06/27/2022] [Accepted: 07/09/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Ceramic membrane has become a major concern due to creasing cost and competitive efficiency. Microbial fuel cell-ceramic membrane bioreactor (MFC-CMBR) is considered alternative technology for larger-scale industrial application because of its advantages of convenient detecting and control of membrane fouling. However, MFC-CMBR are highly susceptible to membrane fouling and harsh operating requirements in these wastewaters of different compositions. This research critically discusses that electrochemical response in different types of MFC-CMBRs and control of electricity utilization on ceramic membrane fouling. The experimental results indicated that the application of sludge acclimated in coupling system with higher external resistance could ensure that lower costs (electricity utilization and membrane cleaning) provided enough membrane fouling control. The improved performance of MFC-CMBR-1 could be attributed to its enhanced nitrification/denitrification activity and capacity of electrons migration between electrode and sludge mixture. The coupling system alleviated membrane fouling and impedance increasing by improving the characteristics of sludge (increased particle size, decreased adsorption adhesion free energy), EPS (decreased hydrophobicity, molecular weight distribution regulation). And filtration tests showed that roughness and contact angle for the MFC-CMBR tend for better development compared to CMBR, dependent on the changes in the chemical surface groups as a result of electric distribution ratio. In addition, correlation analysis and filtration experiments showed that the extracellular polymer substances (EPS) enhanced the charge transfer resistance (Rct), and the protein substance in EPS was the main fouling substance when external resistance was close to the internal resistance of MFC. In summary, the low internal resistance of ceramic membrane lead to obvious better fouling control and electricity utilization than organic membrane, and the paper provides insight into the MFC-CMBR systems for a wide range of detecting membrane fouling and applications of membrane fouling mitigation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lutian Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Separation Membranes and Membrane Processes, TianGong University, Tianjin 300387, China; School of Material Science and Engineering, TianGong University, Tianjin 300387, China
| | - Yun Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Separation Membranes and Membrane Processes, TianGong University, Tianjin 300387, China; School of Environmental Science and Engineering, TianGong University, Tianjin 300387, China
| | - Zhenkun You
- State Key Laboratory of Separation Membranes and Membrane Processes, TianGong University, Tianjin 300387, China; Tianjin Architecture Design Institute Co., LTD, Tianjin 300074, China
| | - Huanzhong Bao
- Zibo Megavision membrane Environmental Protection Technology Co., Ltd
| | - Lianbao Zhang
- Zibo Megavision membrane Environmental Protection Technology Co., Ltd
| | - Jie Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Separation Membranes and Membrane Processes, TianGong University, Tianjin 300387, China; School of Environmental Science and Engineering, TianGong University, Tianjin 300387, China.
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4
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Ozay Y, Dizge N. The effect of pre-treatment methods on membrane flux, COD, and total phenol removal efficiencies for membrane treatment of pistachio wastewater. JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT 2022; 310:114762. [PMID: 35220102 DOI: 10.1016/j.jenvman.2022.114762] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2021] [Revised: 02/14/2022] [Accepted: 02/16/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
In this study, the effect of pre-treatment methods was investigated for membrane treatment of pistachio processing wastewater (PPW). Chemical coagulation, electrocoagulation, and electrooxidation processes were tested as the pretreatment methods to understand the effect of pretreatment on membrane performance. Alum (Al2(SO4)3·18H2O), iron (III) chloride (FeCl3·6H2O) and iron(II) sulfate (Fe(SO4)·7H2O) were used as coagulant and anionic polyelectrolyte was used as flocculant. Al-Al and Fe-Fe electrode pairs were used in the electrocoagulation experiments while platinum (Pt), boron doped diamond (BDD), and graphite were used in the electrooxidation experiments. UP150, NF270, and NF90 were used as the membranes. Chemical oxygen demand (COD) and total phenol removal efficiencies from wastewater were determined by considering membrane flux. For chemical coagulation experiments, the highest COD removal efficiency was determined as 44.9% for Al2(SO4)3.18H2O at 1000 mg/L when the wastewater pH value was 8.0. However, the highest total phenol removal efficiencies were obtined as 62.5% at 4000 mg/L for FeCl3.6H2O at pH 8. For electrocoagulation experiments, the highest COD and total phenol removal efficiencies were determined as 63.9% at pH 4.0 and 74.2% at pH 7.0, respectively, for 100 A/m2 current density when aluminum electrode pairs were used. For electrooxidation experiments, the highest COD and total phenol removal efficiencies were determined as 61.2% at pH 4.0 and 83.1% at pH 10, respectively, for 200 A/m2 current density when BDD-Pt electrode pairs were used. Raw PPW and pre-treated PPW with chemical coagulation, electrocoagulation, and electrooxidation processes were progressively further treated with ultrafiltration (UP150) and nanofiltration (NF270, NF90) membranes to improve COD and total phenol removal efficiencies. The results showed that the permeate of NF90 membrane supplied the highest COD (96.0%) and total phenol removal (97.5%) efficiencies for the raw wastewater. However, COD and total phenol removal efficiencies were determined as 98.6% and 100% for electrocoagulation + NF90, 97.9% and 100% for electrooxidation + NF90, 96.6% and 100% for chemical coagulation + NF90, respectively. The steady-state fluxes for NF90 membranes were 2.9, 7.0, and 8.6 L/m2h after chemical coagulation, electrooxidation, and electrocoagulation, respectively. The results depicted that electrocoagulation and electrooxidation were the most suitable pre-treatment methods for water recovery using NF90 membrane.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yasin Ozay
- Tarsus University, Department of Environmental Protection Technologies, 33400, Mersin, Turkey
| | - Nadir Dizge
- Mersin University, Department of Environmental Engineering, 33343, Mersin, Turkey.
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5
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Xing J, Du L, Quan X, Luo X, Snyder SA, Liang H. Combining chlor(am)ine-UV oxidation to ultrafiltration for potable water reuse: Promoted efficiency, membrane fouling control and mechanism. J Memb Sci 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.memsci.2021.119511] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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6
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Banti DC, Mitrakas M, Samaras P. Membrane Fouling Controlled by Adjustment of Biological Treatment Parameters in Step-Aerating MBR. MEMBRANES 2021; 11:membranes11080553. [PMID: 34436316 PMCID: PMC8399131 DOI: 10.3390/membranes11080553] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2021] [Revised: 07/18/2021] [Accepted: 07/20/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
A promising solution for membrane fouling reduction in membrane bioreactors (MBRs) could be the adjustment of operating parameters of the MBR, such as hydraulic retention time (HRT), food/microorganisms (F/M) loading and dissolved oxygen (DO) concentration, aiming to modify the sludge morphology to the direction of improvement of the membrane filtration. In this work, these parameters were investigated in a step-aerating pilot MBR that treated municipal wastewater, in order to control the filamentous population. When F/M loading in the first aeration tank (AT1) was ≤0.65 ± 0.2 g COD/g MLSS/d at 20 ± 3 °C, DO = 2.5 ± 0.1 mg/L and HRT = 1.6 h, the filamentous bacteria were controlled effectively at a moderate filament index of 1.5-3. The moderate population of filamentous bacteria improved the membrane performance, leading to low transmembrane pressure (TMP) at values ≤ 2 kPa for a great period, while at the control MBR the TMP gradually increased reaching 14 kPa. Soluble microbial products (SMP), were also maintained at low concentrations, contributing additionally to the reduction of ΤΜP. Finally, the step-aerating MBR process and the selected imposed operating conditions of HRT, F/M and DO improved the MBR performance in terms of fouling control, facilitating its future wider application.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dimitra C. Banti
- Laboratory of Technologies of Environmental Protection and Utilization of Food By-Products, Department of Food Science and Technology, International Hellenic University, GR-57400 Thessaloniki, Greece;
- Correspondence:
| | - Manassis Mitrakas
- Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry, Department of Chemical Engineering, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, GR-54124 Thessaloniki, Greece;
| | - Petros Samaras
- Laboratory of Technologies of Environmental Protection and Utilization of Food By-Products, Department of Food Science and Technology, International Hellenic University, GR-57400 Thessaloniki, Greece;
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7
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An H, Lee JC, Park R, Kim HW. Integration of submerged microfiltration and cold plasma for high-strength livestock excreta. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2021; 401:123280. [PMID: 32653781 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2020.123280] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2020] [Revised: 06/05/2020] [Accepted: 06/18/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Numerous biological treatment techniques have been studied for better management of high-strength livestock urine and manure (LUM) but it is still challenging. To gain an advanced option for LUM management, this study proposes a physicochemical process combining microfiltration (MF) and cold plasma (CP). Experimental design applying single CP, single MF, and the integrated system coupling CP and MF (CP + MF) evaluates the performances of the configurations while reducing hydraulic retention time (HRT) from 3 d to 1 d. Results demonstrate that the CP + MF can maximize the removal efficiencies of total nitrogen (72.4 %), total phosphorus (57.8 %), NH4-N (73.3 %), turbidity (99.1 %), dissolved organic carbon (71.3 %), suspended solids (98.7 %) at HRT 3 d. It was verified that CP, even at the lowest HRT (1 d), significantly reduces membrane resistance (0.4 × 1014 m-1) compared to the control (1.5 × 1014 m-1) which leads to lower transmembrane pressure (TMP, 45.6 kPa) and inclined flux (4.4 L/m2/h) than those of the control (45.6 kPa TMP and 2.2 L/m2/h). These results contribute to the advanced treatment of LUM with a cost-effective and environmentally friendly strategy via technical convergence.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hyeonmin An
- Division of Civil/Environmental/Mineral Resources & Energy Engineering, Soil Environment Research Center, Chonbuk National University, 567 Baekje-daero, Deokjin-gu, Jeonju, 54896, Republic of Korea.
| | - Jae-Cheol Lee
- Division of Civil/Environmental/Mineral Resources & Energy Engineering, Soil Environment Research Center, Chonbuk National University, 567 Baekje-daero, Deokjin-gu, Jeonju, 54896, Republic of Korea.
| | - Rumi Park
- Division of Civil/Environmental/Mineral Resources & Energy Engineering, Soil Environment Research Center, Chonbuk National University, 567 Baekje-daero, Deokjin-gu, Jeonju, 54896, Republic of Korea.
| | - Hyun-Woo Kim
- Division of Civil/Environmental/Mineral Resources & Energy Engineering, Soil Environment Research Center, Chonbuk National University, 567 Baekje-daero, Deokjin-gu, Jeonju, 54896, Republic of Korea.
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8
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Won Y, Sadman K, Stein G, Sabba F, Shull KR, Gray KA. Functionalizing a Polyelectrolyte Complex with Chitosan Derivatives to Tailor Membrane Surface Properties. LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2020; 36:12784-12794. [PMID: 33095986 DOI: 10.1021/acs.langmuir.0c01032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Polyelectrolyte complex (PEC) materials show promise in the development of tunable membranes for aqueous and organic solvent separations, as well as in the creation of surface layers for fouling control. In this study, we developed a polyelectrolyte complex (PEC) functionalized by negatively charged carboxymethyl chitosan (CMC-) and positively charged quaternized chitosan (QC+) to tailor its surface properties and antibacterial efficacy. CMC- and QC+ were prepared and characterized using FT-IR and 1H NMR, which confirmed the presence of the carboxymethyl group and trimethylammonium group in CMC- and QC+ with 65.6% and 83.9% substitution, respectively. The CMC- functionalized PEC (CMC-/PEC) and QC+ functionalized PEC materials (QC+/PEC) were evaluated for their stability in water, resistance to organic and inorganic adsorption, and antibacterial action against a model microorganism, Pseudomonas putida. The results showed no release of chitosan derivatives after adsorption, and CMC-/PEC and QC+/PEC exhibited charge-based, selective repulsion of model organic and inorganic substances. Moreover, the functionalized PEC surfaces displayed lower bacterial attachment due to their smoother surfaces as compared to the bare ceramic membrane and their antimicrobial properties. Among the PEC samples, CMC-/PEC had the lowest cell attachment, while QC+/PEC showed the highest attachment due to electrostatic attraction. The ceramic and bare PEC surfaces were negligibly bactericidal, while cell viability decreased to 34.4 ± 10.2% and 30.6 ± 8.2% with the CMC-/PEC and QC+/PEC surfaces, respectively. In the filtration experiments, the unmodified PEC and CMC-/PEC showed lower rates of flux decline due to organic fouling than did the bare ceramic or QC+/PEC due to electrostatic repulsion. Furthermore, PECs as protective layers promoted much higher flux recoveries than simply backwashing the uncoated membranes. This surface tunability, then, enhances the potential of PECs either as fouling resistant materials or as a method to create a sacrificial, protective layer on surfaces that once fouled can be dissolved and re-established.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yechan Won
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Northwestern University, Evanston, Illinois 60208, United States
| | - Kazi Sadman
- Department of Material Science, Northwestern University, Evanston, Illinois 60208, United States
| | - Gabrielle Stein
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Northwestern University, Evanston, Illinois 60208, United States
| | - Fabrizio Sabba
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Northwestern University, Evanston, Illinois 60208, United States
| | - Kenneth R Shull
- Department of Material Science, Northwestern University, Evanston, Illinois 60208, United States
| | - Kimberly A Gray
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Northwestern University, Evanston, Illinois 60208, United States
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9
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Activation of peroxymonosulfate by metal oxide nanoparticles for mitigating organic membrane fouling in surface water treatment. Sep Purif Technol 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.seppur.2020.116935] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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10
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Li C, Sun W, Lu Z, Ao X, Li S. Ceramic nanocomposite membranes and membrane fouling: A review. WATER RESEARCH 2020; 175:115674. [PMID: 32200336 DOI: 10.1016/j.watres.2020.115674] [Citation(s) in RCA: 98] [Impact Index Per Article: 24.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2019] [Revised: 02/10/2020] [Accepted: 02/27/2020] [Indexed: 05/26/2023]
Abstract
Membrane technologies have broad applications in the removal of contaminants from drinking water and wastewater. In recent decades, ceramic membrane has made rapid progress in industrial/municipal wastewater treatment and drinking water treatment owing to their advantageous properties over conventional polymeric membrane. The beneficial characteristics of ceramic membranes include fouling resistance, high permeability, good recoverability, chemical stability, and long life time, which have found applications with the recent innovations in both fabrication methods and nanotechnology. Therefore, ceramic membranes hold great promise for potential applications in water treatment. This paper mainly reviews the progress in the research and development of ceramic membranes, with key focus on porous ceramic membranes and nanomaterial-functionalized ceramic membranes for nanofiltration or catalysis. The current state of the available ceramic membranes in industry and academia, and their potential advantages, limitations and applications are reviewed. The last section of the review focuses on ceramic membrane fouling and the efforts towards ceramic membrane fouling mitigation. The advances in ceramic membrane technologies have rarely been widely reviewed before, therefore, this review could be served as a guide for the new entrants to the field, as well to the established researchers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chen Li
- School of Environment, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, China
| | - Wenjun Sun
- School of Environment, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, China.
| | - Zedong Lu
- School of Environment, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, China
| | - Xiuwei Ao
- School of Environment, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, China
| | - Simiao Li
- School of Environment, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, China
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11
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Wei K, Wang Z, Ouyang C, Cao X, Liang P, Huang X, Zhang X. A hybrid fluidized-bed reactor (HFBR) based on arrayed ceramic membranes (ACMs) coupled with powdered activated carbon (PAC) for efficient catalytic ozonation: A comprehensive study on a pilot scale. WATER RESEARCH 2020; 173:115536. [PMID: 32032886 DOI: 10.1016/j.watres.2020.115536] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/25/2019] [Revised: 12/16/2019] [Accepted: 01/21/2020] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Taking advantage of the high mass transfer in the bulk solution of fluidized-bed reactor (FBR), and the benefits of simultaneous particle separation and ozone catalysis on ceramic membranes, we proposed a hybrid fluidized-bed reactor (HFBR) based on arrayed ceramic membranes (ACMs) coupled with powdered activated carbon (PAC) for efficient catalytic ozonation. The optimum HFBR performance on a pilot scale was found at PAC addition of 3 g/L, ozone dosage of 25 mg/L, hydraulic retention time of 60 min and auxiliary aeration strength of 5 m3/h. During the 30-day treatment of coal-gasification secondary effluent (200 L/h), the HFBR system revealed not only a 117% increase in ozone utilization efficiency (ΔCOD/ΔO3) upon pure ozonation but also a highly purified effluent with better sterilization and low residual bromate (∼11 μg/L). Low-molecular-weight organic fragments and acids, as well as phthalate esters were identified as the main products in this process. By density functional theory (DFT) calculations, it was found the main functional groups (carbonyls, -C=O) on the PAC could be protected from direct ozonation in the presence of ozone-degradable organics (e.g. phenolic and aliphatic compounds) in the wastewater through an ozone-competing reaction, which prevented the rapid inactivation of the PAC in catalytic ozonation. A longer service life and cheaper materials for ceramic membranes would benefit low operation costs for the HFBR. Moreover, the addition of PAC could greatly reduce ozone demand by ∼60% in the HFBR, and therefore decrease energy consumption by ∼30%. Hence, the HFBR was proved to be a highly competitive technology for wide application in the near future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kajia Wei
- State Key Joint Laboratory of Environment Simulation and Pollution Control, School of Environment, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, China
| | - Zhuo Wang
- State Key Joint Laboratory of Environment Simulation and Pollution Control, School of Environment, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, China
| | - Changpei Ouyang
- State Key Joint Laboratory of Environment Simulation and Pollution Control, School of Environment, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, China
| | - Xiaoxin Cao
- State Key Joint Laboratory of Environment Simulation and Pollution Control, School of Environment, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, China
| | - Peng Liang
- State Key Joint Laboratory of Environment Simulation and Pollution Control, School of Environment, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, China
| | - Xia Huang
- State Key Joint Laboratory of Environment Simulation and Pollution Control, School of Environment, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, China
| | - Xiaoyuan Zhang
- State Key Joint Laboratory of Environment Simulation and Pollution Control, School of Environment, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, China.
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12
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Xing J, Liang H, Cheng X, Yang H, Xu D, Gan Z, Luo X, Zhu X, Li G. Combined effects of coagulation and adsorption on ultrafiltration membrane fouling control and subsequent disinfection in drinking water treatment. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2019; 26:33770-33780. [PMID: 29860690 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-018-2416-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2018] [Accepted: 05/24/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
This study investigated the combined effects of coagulation and powdered activated carbon (PAC) adsorption on ultrafiltration (UF) membrane fouling control and subsequent disinfection efficiency through filtration performance, dissolved organic carbon (DOC) removal, fluorescence excitation-emission matrix (EEM) spectroscopy, and disinfectant curve. The fouling behavior of UF membrane was comprehensively analyzed especially in terms of pollutant removal and fouling reversibility to understand the mechanism of fouling accumulation and disinfectant dose reduction. Pre-coagulation with or without adsorption both achieved remarkable effect of fouling mitigation and disinfection dose reduction. The two pretreatments were effective in total fouling control and pre-coagulation combined with PAC adsorption even decreased hydraulically irreversible fouling notably. Besides, pre-coagulation decreased residual disinfectant decline due to the removal of hydrophobic components of natural organic matters (NOM). Pre-coagulation combined with adsorption had a synergistic effect on further disinfectant decline rate reduction and decreased total disinfectant consumption due to additional removal of hydrophilic NOM by PAC adsorption. The disinfectant demand was further reduced after membrane. These results show that membrane fouling and disinfectant dose can be reduced in UF coupled with pretreatment, which could lead to the avoidance of excessive operation cost disinfectant dose for drinking water supply.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiajian Xing
- State Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resource and Environment (SKLUWRE), Harbin Institute of Technology, 73 Huanghe Road, Nangang District, Harbin, 150090, People's Republic of China
| | - Heng Liang
- State Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resource and Environment (SKLUWRE), Harbin Institute of Technology, 73 Huanghe Road, Nangang District, Harbin, 150090, People's Republic of China.
| | - Xiaoxiang Cheng
- School of Municipal and Environmental Engineering, Shandong Jianzhu University, 1000 Fengming Road, Licheng District, Jinan, 250101, People's Republic of China
| | - Haiyan Yang
- Department of Geoscience, University of Wisconsin-Milwaukee, 3209 N Maryland Ave, Milwaukee, WI, 53211, USA
| | - Daliang Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resource and Environment (SKLUWRE), Harbin Institute of Technology, 73 Huanghe Road, Nangang District, Harbin, 150090, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhendong Gan
- State Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resource and Environment (SKLUWRE), Harbin Institute of Technology, 73 Huanghe Road, Nangang District, Harbin, 150090, People's Republic of China
| | - Xinsheng Luo
- State Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resource and Environment (SKLUWRE), Harbin Institute of Technology, 73 Huanghe Road, Nangang District, Harbin, 150090, People's Republic of China
| | - Xuewu Zhu
- State Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resource and Environment (SKLUWRE), Harbin Institute of Technology, 73 Huanghe Road, Nangang District, Harbin, 150090, People's Republic of China
| | - Guibai Li
- State Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resource and Environment (SKLUWRE), Harbin Institute of Technology, 73 Huanghe Road, Nangang District, Harbin, 150090, People's Republic of China
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13
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Li K, Wen G, Li S, Chang H, Shao S, Huang T, Li G, Liang H. Effect of pre-oxidation on low pressure membrane (LPM) for water and wastewater treatment: A review. CHEMOSPHERE 2019; 231:287-300. [PMID: 31129410 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2019.05.081] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2019] [Revised: 05/10/2019] [Accepted: 05/11/2019] [Indexed: 05/26/2023]
Abstract
Low pressure membrane (LPM) filtration is a promising technology for drinking water production, wastewater reclamation as well as pretreatment for seawater desalination. However, wider implementation of LPM is restricted by their inherent drawbacks, i.e., membrane fouling and insufficient rejection for dissolved contaminants. Pretreatment of feed water is a major method to improve the performance of LPM, and pre-oxidation has gained extensive attention because it can significantly alter compositions and properties of feed water through chemical reactions. This paper attempts to systematically review efficiency and mechanisms of pre-oxidation in membrane fouling control and permeate water quality improvement. On the basis of briefly discussing major foulants and fouling mechanisms of LPM, advantages and disadvantages of pre-oxidation in mitigating organic fouling, inorganic fouling and biofouling are discussed in detail. Impacts of pre-oxidation on removal of micropollutants, bulk organic matter and inorganic pollutants are summarized, and potential by-products of different oxidants are presented. As a prerequisite for the integration of chemical oxidation with LPM filtration, compatibility of membrane with oxidants at low concentration and long exposure time are highlighted. Finally, the existing challenges and future research needs in practical application of chemical oxidation to improve performance of LPM are also discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kai Li
- Key Laboratory of Northwest Water Resource, Environment and Ecology, MOE, Xi'an University of Architecture and Technology, Xi'an, 710055, PR China; Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Environmental Engineering, Xi'an University of Architecture and Technology, Xi'an, 710055, PR China.
| | - Gang Wen
- Key Laboratory of Northwest Water Resource, Environment and Ecology, MOE, Xi'an University of Architecture and Technology, Xi'an, 710055, PR China; Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Environmental Engineering, Xi'an University of Architecture and Technology, Xi'an, 710055, PR China.
| | - Shu Li
- Key Laboratory of Northwest Water Resource, Environment and Ecology, MOE, Xi'an University of Architecture and Technology, Xi'an, 710055, PR China; Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Environmental Engineering, Xi'an University of Architecture and Technology, Xi'an, 710055, PR China.
| | - Haiqing Chang
- College of Architecture and Environment, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610207, PR China.
| | - Senlin Shao
- School of Civil Engineering, Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430072, PR China.
| | - Tinglin Huang
- Key Laboratory of Northwest Water Resource, Environment and Ecology, MOE, Xi'an University of Architecture and Technology, Xi'an, 710055, PR China; Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Environmental Engineering, Xi'an University of Architecture and Technology, Xi'an, 710055, PR China.
| | - Guibai Li
- State Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resource and Environment (SKLUWRE), Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin, 150090, PR China.
| | - Heng Liang
- State Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resource and Environment (SKLUWRE), Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin, 150090, PR China.
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14
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Brezinski K, Gorczyca B. An overview of the uses of high performance size exclusion chromatography (HPSEC) in the characterization of natural organic matter (NOM) in potable water, and ion-exchange applications. CHEMOSPHERE 2019; 217:122-139. [PMID: 30414544 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2018.10.028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2018] [Revised: 10/05/2018] [Accepted: 10/06/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Natural organic matter (NOM) constitutes the terrestrial and aquatic sources of organic plant like material found in water bodies. As of recently, an ever-increasing amount of effort is being put towards developing better ways of unraveling the heterogeneous nature of NOM. This is important as NOM is responsible for a wide variety of both direct and indirect effects: ranging from aesthetic concerns related to taste and odor, to issues related to disinfection by-product formation and metal mobility. A better understanding of NOM can also provide a better appreciation for treatment design; lending a further understanding of potable water treatment impacts on specific fractions and constituents of NOM. The use of high performance size-exclusion chromatography has shown a growing promise in its various applications for NOM characterization, through the ability to partition ultraviolet absorbing moieties into ill-defined groups of humic acids, hydrolysates of humics, and low molecular weight acids. HPSEC also has the ability of simultaneously measuring absorbance in the UV-visible range (200-350 nm); further providing a spectroscopic fingerprint that is simply unavailable using surrogate measurements of NOM, such as total organic carbon (TOC), ultraviolet absorbance at 254 nm (UV254), excitation-emission matrices (EEM), and specific ultraviolet absorbance at 254 nm (SUVA254). This review mainly focuses on the use of HPSEC in the characterization of NOM in a potable water setting, with an additional focus on strong-base ion-exchangers specifically targeted for NOM constituents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kenneth Brezinski
- Department of Civil Engineering, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB, Canada.
| | - Beata Gorczyca
- Department of Civil Engineering, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB, Canada
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15
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Electro-Conductive Composite Gold-Polyethersulfone-Ultrafiltration-Membrane: Characterization of Membrane and Natural Organic Matter (NOM) Filtration Performance at Different In-Situ Applied Surface Potentials. MEMBRANES 2018; 8:membranes8030064. [PMID: 30115865 PMCID: PMC6160915 DOI: 10.3390/membranes8030064] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2018] [Revised: 07/29/2018] [Accepted: 08/07/2018] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
Next to the pore size distribution, surface charge is considered to be one main factor in the separation performance of ultrafiltration (UF) membranes. By applying an external surface potential onto an electro-conductive UF membrane, electrostatic induced rejection was investigated. This study introduces in a first part a relatively simple but yet not reported technology of membrane modification with direct current sputter deposition of ultrathin (15 nm) highly conductive gold layers. In a second part, characterization of the gold-coated UF flat sheet membrane with a molecular weight cut-off (MWCO) of 150 kDa is presented. Membrane parameters as contact angle (hydrophobicity), pure water permeability, MWCO, scanning electron microscopy imaging, zeta potential, surface conductivity and cyclic voltammetry of the virgin and the modified membrane are compared. Due to the coating, a high surface conductivity of 10⁷ S m-1 was realized. Permeability of the modified membrane decreased by 40% but MWCO and contact angle remained almost unchanged. In a third part, cross-flow filtration experiments with negative charged Suwannee River Natural Organic Matter (SRNOM) are conducted at different cathodic and anodic applied potentials, different pH values (pH 4, 7, 10) and ionic strengths (0, 1, 10 mmol L-1). SRNOM rejection of not externally charged membrane was 28% in cross-flow and 5% in dead-end mode. Externally negative charged membrane (-1.5 V vs. Ag/AgCl) reached rejection of 64% which was close to the performance of commercial UF membrane with MWCO of 5 kDa. High ionic strengths or low pH of feed reduced the effect of electrostatic rejection.
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16
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Sun J, Hu C, Zhao K, Li M, Qu J, Liu H. Enhanced membrane fouling mitigation by modulating cake layer porosity and hydrophilicity in an electro-coagulation/oxidation membrane reactor (ECOMR). J Memb Sci 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.memsci.2017.12.073] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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17
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Sillanpää M, Ncibi MC, Matilainen A. Advanced oxidation processes for the removal of natural organic matter from drinking water sources: A comprehensive review. JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT 2018; 208:56-76. [PMID: 29248788 DOI: 10.1016/j.jenvman.2017.12.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 131] [Impact Index Per Article: 21.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2017] [Revised: 11/10/2017] [Accepted: 12/05/2017] [Indexed: 05/19/2023]
Abstract
Natural organic matter (NOM), a key component in aquatic environments, is a complex matrix of organic substances characterized by its fluctuating amounts in water and variable molecular and chemical properties, leading to various interaction schemes with the biogeosphere and hydrologic cycle. These factors, along with the increasing amounts of NOM in surface and ground waters, make the effort of removing naturally-occurring organics from drinking water supplies, and also from municipal wastewater effluents, a challenging task requiring the development of highly efficient and versatile water treatment technologies. Advanced oxidation processes (AOPs) received an increasing amount of attention from researchers around the world, especially during the last decade. The related processes were frequently reported to be among the most suitable water treatment technologies to remove NOM from drinking water supplies and mitigate the formation of disinfection by products (DBPs). Thus, the present work overviews recent research and development studies conducted on the application of AOPs to degrade NOM including UV and/or ozone-based applications, different Fenton processes and various heterogeneous catalytic and photocatalytic oxidative processes. Other non-conventional AOPs such as ultrasonication, ionizing radiation and plasma technologies were also reported. Furthermore, since AOPs are unlikely to achieve complete oxidation of NOM, integration schemes with other water treatment technologies were presented including membrane filtration, adsorption and others processes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mika Sillanpää
- Laboratory of Green Chemistry, School of Engineering Science, Lappeenranta University of Technology, Sammonkatu 12, 50130, Mikkeli, Finland; Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Florida International University, Miami, FL, 33174, USA
| | - Mohamed Chaker Ncibi
- Laboratory of Green Chemistry, School of Engineering Science, Lappeenranta University of Technology, Sammonkatu 12, 50130, Mikkeli, Finland.
| | - Anu Matilainen
- Finnish Safety and Chemicals Agency (Tukes), Kalevantie 2, 33100, Tampere, Finland
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18
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Pham VL, Kim DG, Ko SO. Cu@Fe 3O 4 core-shell nanoparticle-catalyzed oxidative degradation of the antibiotic oxytetracycline in pre-treated landfill leachate. CHEMOSPHERE 2018; 191:639-650. [PMID: 29078188 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2017.10.090] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2017] [Revised: 10/13/2017] [Accepted: 10/15/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Novel Cu@Fe3O4 core-shell nanoparticles prepared via a simple reduction method were evaluated for degradation of oxytetracycline (OTC) in pre-treated leachate (Lp-TREA) (leachate treated by conventional methods). Changes in the characteristics of dissolved organic matter (DOM) in the leachate were also investigated to gain a better understanding of the effects of DOM on the performance of Cu@Fe3O4. An excellent OTC degradation of >99% was achieved within 30 min under conditions of 1 g/L Cu@Fe3O4, 20 mg/L OTC, 20 mM H2O2, and initial pH 3.0, which was similar to the efficiency obtained in deionized water (90% even at pH 9.05). Humic acid (HA) and fulvic acid (FA) were completely degraded at initial pH 3, while aromatic protein (AP) with 32.7% of 1-3 kDa constituents were totally transformed to 0.5-1 kDa compounds, and 17% < 0.5 kDa material was degraded. The OTC removal rate decreased gradually as Cu@Fe3O4 was repeatedly used, but it was significantly enhanced when Cu@Fe3O4 was washed after five uses to remove the organic matter on its surface. The results suggest that Cu@Fe3O4 is a promising and effective catalyst for pharmaceutical and personal care product degradation in landfill leachates.
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Affiliation(s)
- Van Luan Pham
- Department of Civil Engineering, Kyung Hee University, 1732, Deakyungdaero, Yongin, 446-701, Republic of Korea.
| | - Do-Gun Kim
- Department of Civil Engineering, Kyung Hee University, 1732, Deakyungdaero, Yongin, 446-701, Republic of Korea.
| | - Seok-Oh Ko
- Department of Civil Engineering, Kyung Hee University, 1732, Deakyungdaero, Yongin, 446-701, Republic of Korea.
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19
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Benito A, Garcia G, Gonzalez-Olmos R. Fouling reduction by UV-based pretreatment in hollow fiber ultrafiltration membranes for urban wastewater reuse. J Memb Sci 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.memsci.2017.04.070] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
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20
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Winter J, Barbeau B, Bérubé P. Nanofiltration and Tight Ultrafiltration Membranes for Natural Organic Matter Removal-Contribution of Fouling and Concentration Polarization to Filtration Resistance. MEMBRANES 2017; 7:membranes7030034. [PMID: 28671604 PMCID: PMC5618119 DOI: 10.3390/membranes7030034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2017] [Revised: 06/20/2017] [Accepted: 06/26/2017] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Nanofiltration (NF) and tight ultrafiltration (tight UF) membranes are a viable treatment option for high quality drinking water production from sources with high concentrations of contaminants. To date, there is limited knowledge regarding the contribution of concentration polarization (CP) and fouling to the increase in resistance during filtration of natural organic matter (NOM) with NF and tight UF. Filtration tests were conducted with NF and tight UF membranes with molecular weight cut offs (MWCOs) of 300, 2000 and 8000 Da, and model raw waters containing different constituents of NOM. When filtering model raw waters containing high concentrations of polysaccharides (i.e., higher molecular weight NOM), the increase in resistance was dominated by fouling. When filtering model raw waters containing humic substances (i.e., lower molecular weight NOM), the increase in filtration resistance was dominated by CP. The results indicate that low MWCO membranes are better suited for NOM removal, because most of the NOM in surface waters consist mainly of humic substances, which were only effectively rejected by the lower MWCO membranes. However, when humic substances are effectively rejected, CP can become extensive, leading to a significant increase in filtration resistance by the formation of a cake/gel layer at the membrane surface. For this reason, cross-flow operation, which reduces CP, is recommended.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joerg Winter
- Department of Civil Engineering, The University of British Columbia, 6250 Applied Science Lane, Vancouver, BC V6T1Z4, Canada.
| | - Benoit Barbeau
- Department of Civil, Geological and Mining Engineering, École Polytechnique de Montréal, Montréal, QC H3T 1J4, Canada.
| | - Pierre Bérubé
- Department of Civil Engineering, The University of British Columbia, 6250 Applied Science Lane, Vancouver, BC V6T1Z4, Canada.
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