1
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de Medeiros JF, Montagner CC. Multiple barriers as an efficient treatment for removing pesticides aiming direct potable reuse: A pilot scale study. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2024; 350:124009. [PMID: 38670423 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2024.124009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2024] [Revised: 04/14/2024] [Accepted: 04/16/2024] [Indexed: 04/28/2024]
Abstract
Water reuse for potable purposes can represent a realistic source supply of drinking water in areas with water scarcity. Therefore, combining conventional wastewater treatment technologies with advanced technologies is necessary to remove contaminants and obtain high-quality and safe water. In this study, the pesticides and degradation products, atrazine (ATZ), hydroxyatrazine (ATZOH), deethylatrazine (DEA), deisopropylatrazine (DIA), simazine (SMZ), ametryn (AMT), diuron (DIU), 2,4-D, fipronil (FIP), fipronil sulfide (FIP-SF) and fipronil sulfone (FIP-SN) were evaluated in effluent after membrane bioreactor (MBR), effluent after advanced treatment by multiple barriers (MBR, reverse osmosis, UV/H2O2 and activated carbon), in tap water collected in the urban region of Campinas and in the Atibaia River (water supply source from city of Campinas). The pesticide concentrations in the Atibaia River and the post-MBR effluent ranged between 1 and 434 ng L-1 and 1 and 470 ng L-1, respectively. Therefore, the Atibaia River and the post-MBR effluent had the same magnitude pesticide concentrations. In the production of potable water reuse, after the multiple barriers processes, only fipronil (1 ng L-1) and atrazine (3 ng L-1) were quantified in some of the samples. In tap water from Campinas, atrazine, ATZOH, DEA, diuron, and 2,4-D were quantified in concentrations ranging between 3 and 425 ng L-1. Therefore, when comparing drinking water obtained from conventional treatment with potable water reuse, according to the pesticides studied, it is possible to conclude that the advanced treatment used on a pilot scale is promising for use in a potable water reuse plant. However, studies involving more microbiological and chemical parameters should be conducted to classify potable water reuse as drinking water.
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2
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Yin R, Zhang Y, Wang Y, Zhao J, Shang C. Far-UVC Photolysis of Peroxydisulfate for Micropollutant Degradation in Water. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY 2024; 58:6030-6038. [PMID: 38517061 DOI: 10.1021/acs.est.3c09120] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/23/2024]
Abstract
Increasing radical yields to reduce UV fluence requirement for achieving targeted removal of micropollutants in water would make UV-based advanced oxidation processes (AOPs) less energy demanding in the context of United Nations' Sustainable Development Goals and carbon neutrality. We herein demonstrate that, by switching the UV radiation source from conventional low-pressure UV at 254 nm (UV254) to emerging Far-UVC at 222 nm (UV222), the fluence-based concentration of HO• in the UV/peroxydisulfate (UV/PDS) AOP increases by 6.40, 2.89, and 6.00 times in deionized water, tap water, and surface water, respectively, with increases in the fluence-based concentration of SO4•- also by 5.06, 5.81, and 55.47 times, respectively. The enhancement to radical generation is confirmed using a kinetic model. The pseudo-first-order degradation rate constants of 16 micropollutants by the UV222/PDS AOP in surface water are predicted to be 1.94-13.71 times higher than those by the UV254/PDS AOP. Among the tested water matrix components, chloride and nitrate decrease SO4•- but increase HO• concentration in the UV222/PDS AOP. Compared to the UV254/PDS AOP, the UV222/PDS AOP decreases the formation potentials of carbonaceous disinfection byproducts (DBPs) but increases the formation potentials of nitrogenous DBPs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ran Yin
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, School of the Environment, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023, China
- Institute for the Environment and Health, Nanjing University Suzhou Campus, Suzhou 215163, China
| | - Yuliang Zhang
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Clear Water Bay, Kowloon, Hong Kong
| | - Yongyi Wang
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Clear Water Bay, Kowloon, Hong Kong
| | - Jing Zhao
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Clear Water Bay, Kowloon, Hong Kong
| | - Chii Shang
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Clear Water Bay, Kowloon, Hong Kong
- Hong Kong Branch of Chinese National Engineering Research Center for Control & Treatment of Heavy Metal Pollution, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Clear Water Bay, Kowloon, Hong Kong
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3
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Ao X, Zhang X, Sun W, Linden KG, Payne EM, Mao T, Li Z. What is the role of nitrate/nitrite in trace organic contaminants degradation and transformation during UV-based advanced oxidation processes? WATER RESEARCH 2024; 253:121259. [PMID: 38377923 DOI: 10.1016/j.watres.2024.121259] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/27/2023] [Revised: 02/01/2024] [Accepted: 02/03/2024] [Indexed: 02/22/2024]
Abstract
The effectiveness of UV-based advanced oxidation processes (UV-AOPs) in degrading trace organic contaminants (TrOCs) can be significantly influenced by the ubiquitous presence of nitrate (NO3-) and nitrite (NO2-) in water and wastewater. Indeed, NO3-/NO2- can play multiple roles of NO3-/NO2- in UV-AOPs, leading to complexities and conflicting results observed in existing research. They can inhibit the degradation of TrOCs by scavenging reactive species and/or competitively absorbing UV light. Conversely, they can also enhance the elimination of TrOCs by generating additional •OH and reactive nitrogen species (RNS). Furthermore, the presence of NO3-/NO2- during UV-AOP treatment can affect the transformation pathways of TrOCs, potentially resulting in the nitration/nitrosation of TrOCs. The resulting nitro(so)-products are generally more toxic than the parent TrOCs and may become precursors of nitrogenous disinfection byproducts (N-DBPs) upon chlorination. Particularly, since the impact of NO3-/NO2- in UV-AOPs is largely due to the generation of RNS from NO3-/NO2- including NO•, NO2•, and peroxynitrite (ONOO-/ONOOH), this review covers the generation, properties, and detection methods of these RNS. From kinetic, mechanistic, and toxicologic perspectives, future research needs are proposed to advance the understanding of how NO3-/NO2- can be exploited to improve the performance of UV-AOPs treating TrOCs. This critical review provides a comprehensive framework outlining the multifaceted impact of NO3-/NO2- in UV-AOPs, contributing insights for basic research and practical applications of UV-AOPs containing NO3-/NO2-.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiuwei Ao
- School of Energy and Environmental Engineering, Beijing Key Laboratory of Resource-oriented Treatment of Industrial Pollutants, International Science and Technology Cooperation Base for Environmental and Energy Technology of MOST, University of Science and Technology Beijing, Beijing, 100083, China
| | - Xi Zhang
- School of Energy and Environmental Engineering, Beijing Key Laboratory of Resource-oriented Treatment of Industrial Pollutants, International Science and Technology Cooperation Base for Environmental and Energy Technology of MOST, University of Science and Technology Beijing, Beijing, 100083, China
| | - Wenjun Sun
- School of Environment, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China; Research Institute for Environmental Innovation (Suzhou) Tsinghua, Suzhou, 215163, China.
| | - Karl G Linden
- Department of Civil, Environmental, and Architectural Engineering, University of Colorado Boulder, 4001 Discovery Drive, Boulder, CO 80303, United States.
| | - Emma M Payne
- Department of Civil, Environmental, and Architectural Engineering, University of Colorado Boulder, 4001 Discovery Drive, Boulder, CO 80303, United States
| | - Ted Mao
- Research Institute for Environmental Innovation (Suzhou) Tsinghua, Suzhou, 215163, China; MW Technologies, Inc., Ontario L8N1E, Canada
| | - Zifu Li
- School of Energy and Environmental Engineering, Beijing Key Laboratory of Resource-oriented Treatment of Industrial Pollutants, International Science and Technology Cooperation Base for Environmental and Energy Technology of MOST, University of Science and Technology Beijing, Beijing, 100083, China
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4
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Zhang S, Chou L, Zhu W, Luo W, Zhang C, Qiu J, Li M, Tan H, Guo J, Wang C, Tu K, Xu K, Yu H, Zhang X, Shi W, Zhou Q. Identify organic contaminants of high-concern based on non-targeted toxicity testing and non-targeted LC-HRMS analysis in tap water and source water along the Yangtze River. WATER RESEARCH 2024; 253:121303. [PMID: 38382288 DOI: 10.1016/j.watres.2024.121303] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2023] [Revised: 02/07/2024] [Accepted: 02/10/2024] [Indexed: 02/23/2024]
Abstract
Many organic pollutants were detected in tap water (TW) and source water (SW) along the Yangtze River. However, the potential toxic effects and the high-concern organics (HCOs) which drive the effect are still unknown. Here, a non-targeted toxicity testing method based on the concentration-dependent transcriptome and non-targeted LC-HRMS analysis combining tiered filtering were used to reveal the overall biological effects and chemical information. Subsequently, we developed a qualitative pathway-structure relationship (QPSR) model to effectively match the biological and chemical information and successfully identified HCOs in TW and SW along the Yangtze River by potential substructures of HCOs. Non-targeted toxicity testing found that the biological potency of both TW and SW was stronger in the downstream of the Yangtze River, and disruption of the endocrine system and cancer were the main drivers of the effect. In addition, non-targeted LC-HRMS analysis combined with retention time prediction results identified 3220 and 631 high-confidence compound structures in positive and negative ion modes, respectively. Then, QPSR model was further implied and identified a total of 103 HCOs, containing 35 industrial chemicals, 30 PPCPs, 26 pesticides, and 12 hormones in TW and SW, respectively. Among them, the neuroactive and hormonal compounds oxoamide, 8-iso-16-cyclohexyl-tetranor prostaglandin E2, E Keppra, and Tocris-0788 showed the highest frequency of detection, which were identified in more than 1/3 of the samples. The strategy of combining non-targeted toxicity testing and non-targeted LC-HRMS analysis will support comprehensive biological effect assessment, identification of HCOs, and risk control of mixtures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shaoqing Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, School of the Environment, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Liben Chou
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, School of the Environment, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Wenxuan Zhu
- Department of Mathematics, Statistics, and Computer Science, Macalester College, Saint Paul, MN 55105, USA
| | - Wenrui Luo
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, School of the Environment, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Chi Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, School of the Environment, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Jingfan Qiu
- Key Laboratory of Pathogen Biology of Jiangsu Province, Department of Pathogen Biology, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 211166, China
| | - Meishuang Li
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, School of the Environment, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Haoyue Tan
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, School of the Environment, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Jing Guo
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, School of the Environment, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Chang Wang
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Environmental and Health Effects of Persistent Toxic Substances, Institute of Environment and Health, Jianghan University, Wuhan 430056, China
| | - Keng Tu
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, School of the Environment, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Kefan Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, School of the Environment, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Hongxia Yu
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, School of the Environment, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Xiaowei Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, School of the Environment, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Wei Shi
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, School of the Environment, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023, China; Jiangsu Province Ecology and Environment Protection Key Laboratory of Chemical Safety and Health Risk, Nanjing 210023, China.
| | - Qing Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, School of the Environment, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023, China.
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Profita M, Fabbri E, Vasumini I, Valbonesi P. Endocrine disrupting chemicals in Italian drinking water systems: Insights from a three-year investigation combining chemical and effect-based tools. Heliyon 2024; 10:e26785. [PMID: 38463797 PMCID: PMC10920174 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2024.e26785] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2024] [Revised: 02/19/2024] [Accepted: 02/20/2024] [Indexed: 03/12/2024] Open
Abstract
Drinking water quality can be compromised by endocrine-disrupting chemicals (EDCs). Three phenolic compounds [bisphenol A (BPA), nonylphenol (NP), and 4-octylphenol (OP)] and three hormones [17β-estradiol (E2), estrone (E1), and 17α-ethinylestradiol (EE2)] were analyzed as EDCs potentially occurring in source and drinking water from three full-scale drinking water treatment plants (DWTPs) in the Romagna area (Italy) by a combined approach of HPLC-MS/MS target analysis and effect-based tests for estrogenicity and genotoxicity. The EDC removal efficiency was evaluated at different steps along the treatment process in the most advanced DWTP. NP prevailed in all samples, followed by BPA. Sporadic contamination by OP and E1/E2 appeared only in the source waters; EE2 was never detected. No estrogenic or genotoxic activity was found, except for two samples showing estrogenicity well below the effect-based trigger value suggested for drinking water safety (0.9 ng/L EEQ). BPA and NP levels were largely below the threshold value; however, increases were observed after the intermediate steps of the treatment chain. The good quality of the water relied on the last step, i.e. the activated carbon filtration. DWTPs may represent an extra source of EDCs and monitoring chemical occurrence at all steps of the process is advisable to improve efficiency.
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Affiliation(s)
- M. Profita
- Department of Biological, Geological and Environmental Sciences (BiGeA), University of Bologna, Campus of Ravenna, Italy
| | - E. Fabbri
- Department of Biological, Geological and Environmental Sciences (BiGeA), University of Bologna, Campus of Ravenna, Italy
| | - I. Vasumini
- Romagna Acque Società delle Fonti SpA, Forlì, Italy
| | - P. Valbonesi
- Department of Biological, Geological and Environmental Sciences (BiGeA), University of Bologna, Campus of Ravenna, Italy
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6
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Szabo D, Falconer TM, Fisher CM, Heise T, Phillips AL, Vas G, Williams AJ, Kruve A. Online and Offline Prioritization of Chemicals of Interest in Suspect Screening and Non-targeted Screening with High-Resolution Mass Spectrometry. Anal Chem 2024; 96:3707-3716. [PMID: 38380899 PMCID: PMC10918621 DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.3c05705] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2023] [Revised: 01/30/2024] [Accepted: 02/07/2024] [Indexed: 02/22/2024]
Abstract
Recent advances in high-resolution mass spectrometry (HRMS) have enabled the detection of thousands of chemicals from a single sample, while computational methods have improved the identification and quantification of these chemicals in the absence of reference standards typically required in targeted analysis. However, to determine the presence of chemicals of interest that may pose an overall impact on ecological and human health, prioritization strategies must be used to effectively and efficiently highlight chemicals for further investigation. Prioritization can be based on a chemical's physicochemical properties, structure, exposure, and toxicity, in addition to its regulatory status. This Perspective aims to provide a framework for the strategies used for chemical prioritization that can be implemented to facilitate high-quality research and communication of results. These strategies are categorized as either "online" or "offline" prioritization techniques. Online prioritization techniques trigger the isolation and fragmentation of ions from the low-energy mass spectra in real time, with user-defined parameters. Offline prioritization techniques, in contrast, highlight chemicals of interest after the data has been acquired; detected features can be filtered and ranked based on the relative abundance or the predicted structure, toxicity, and concentration imputed from the tandem mass spectrum (MS2). Here we provide an overview of these prioritization techniques and how they have been successfully implemented and reported in the literature to find chemicals of elevated risk to human and ecological environments. A complete list of software and tools is available from https://nontargetedanalysis.org/.
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Affiliation(s)
- Drew Szabo
- Department
of Materials and Environmental Chemistry, Stockholm University, Stockholm 106 91, Sweden
| | - Travis M. Falconer
- Forensic
Chemistry Center, Office of Regulatory Science, Office of Regulatory
Affairs, US Food and Drug Administration, Cincinnati, Ohio 45237, United States
| | - Christine M. Fisher
- Center
for Food Safety and Applied Nutrition, US Food and Drug Administration, College Park, Maryland 20740, United States
| | - Ted Heise
- MED
Institute Inc, West Lafayette, Indiana 47906, United States
| | - Allison L. Phillips
- Center
for Public Health and Environmental Assessment, US Environmental Protection Agency, Corvallis, Oregon 97333, United States
| | - Gyorgy Vas
- VasAnalytical, Flemington, New Jersey 08822, United States
- Intertek
Pharmaceutical Services, Whitehouse, New Jersey 08888, United States
| | - Antony J. Williams
- Center
for Computational Toxicology and Exposure, Office of Research and
Development, US Environmental Protection
Agency, Durham, North Carolina 27711, United States
| | - Anneli Kruve
- Department
of Materials and Environmental Chemistry, Stockholm University, Stockholm 106 91, Sweden
- Department
of Environmental Science, Stockholm University, Stockholm 106 91, Sweden
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7
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Ngin P, Haglund P, Proum S, Fick J. Pesticide screening of surface water and soil along the Mekong River in Cambodia. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2024; 912:169312. [PMID: 38104830 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2023.169312] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2023] [Revised: 12/05/2023] [Accepted: 12/10/2023] [Indexed: 12/19/2023]
Abstract
Widespread use of pesticides globally has led to serious concerns about environmental contamination, particularly with regard to aquatic and soil ecosystems. This work involved investigating concentrations of 64 pesticides in surface-water and soil samples collected in four provinces along the Mekong River in Cambodia during the dry and rainy seasons (276 samples in total), and conducting semi-structured interviews with local farmers about pesticide use. Furthermore, an ecological risk assessment of the detected pesticides was performed. In total, 56 pesticides were detected in surface water and 43 in soil, with individual pesticides reaching maximum concentrations of 1300 ng/L in the surface-water samples (tebufenozide) and 1100 ng/g dry weight in the soil samples (bromophos-ethyl). The semi-structured interviews made it quite evident that the instructions that farmers are provided regarding the use of pesticides are rudimentary, and that overuse is common. The perceived effect of pesticides was seen as an end-point, and there was a limited process of optimally matching pesticides to pests and crops. Several pesticides were used regularly on the same crop, and the period between application and harvest varied. Risk analysis showed that bromophos-ethyl, dichlorvos, and iprobenfos presented a very high risk to aquatic organisms in both the dry and rainy seasons, with risk quotient values of 850 for both seasons, and of 67 in the dry season and 78 in the rainy season for bromophos-ethyl, and 49 in the dry season and 16 in the rainy season for dichlorvos. Overall, this work highlights the occurrence of pesticide residues in surface water and soil along the Mekong River in Cambodia, and emphasizes the urgent need for monitoring and improving pesticide practices and regulations in the region.
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Affiliation(s)
- Putheary Ngin
- Department of Chemistry, Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden; Department of Chemistry, Royal University of Phnom Penh, Phnom Penh, Cambodia.
| | - Peter Haglund
- Department of Chemistry, Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden
| | - Sorya Proum
- Department of Chemistry, Royal University of Phnom Penh, Phnom Penh, Cambodia
| | - Jerker Fick
- Department of Chemistry, Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden
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8
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Jia W, Liu H, Ma Y, Huang G, Liu Y, Zhao B, Xie D, Huang K, Wang R. Reproducibility in nontarget screening (NTS) of environmental emerging contaminants: Assessing different HLB SPE cartridges and instruments. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2024; 912:168971. [PMID: 38042181 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2023.168971] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/14/2023] [Revised: 11/25/2023] [Accepted: 11/27/2023] [Indexed: 12/04/2023]
Abstract
Non-targeted screening (NTS) methods are integral in environmental research for detecting emerging contaminants. However, their efficacy can be influenced by variations in hydrophilic-lipophilic balance (HLB) solid phase extraction (SPE) cartridges and high-resolution mass spectrometry (HRMS) instruments across different laboratories. In this study, we scrutinized the influence of five HLB SPE cartridges (Nano, Weiqi, CNW, Waters, and J&K) and four LC-HRMS platforms (Agilent, Waters, Thermo, and AB SCIEX) on the identification of emerging environmental contaminants. Our results demonstrate that 87.6 % of the target compounds and over 59.6 % of the non-target features were consistently detected across all tested HLB cartridges, with an overall 71.2 % universally identified across the four LC-HRMS systems. Discrepancies in detection rates were primarily attributable to variations in retention time stability, mass stability of precursors and fragments, system cleanliness affecting fold change and p-values, and fragment response. These findings confirm the necessity of refining parameter criteria for NTS. Moreover, our study confirms the efficacy of the PyHRMS tool in analyzing and processing data from multiple instrumental platforms, reinforcing its utility for multi-platform NTS. Overall, our findings underscore the reliability and robustness of NTS methods in identifying potential water contaminants, while also highlighting factors that may influence these outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenhao Jia
- Key Laboratory of Agro-Forestry Environmental Processes and Ecological Regulation of Hainan Province (Hainan University), Haikou 570228, China
| | - He Liu
- South China Institute of Environmental Sciences, Ministry of Ecology and Environment, Guangzhou 510655, China
| | - Yini Ma
- Key Laboratory of Agro-Forestry Environmental Processes and Ecological Regulation of Hainan Province (Hainan University), Haikou 570228, China
| | - Guolong Huang
- Zhejiang GenPure Eco-Tech Co., Ltd., Hangzhou 310020, Zhejiang, China
| | - Yaxiong Liu
- Guangdong Institute for Drug Control, Guangzhou 510663, Guangdong, China
| | - Bo Zhao
- South China Institute of Environmental Sciences, Ministry of Ecology and Environment, Guangzhou 510655, China; Guangxi Key Laboratory of Emerging Contaminants Monitoring, Early Warning and Environmental Health Risk Assessment, Nanning 530028, China
| | - Danping Xie
- South China Institute of Environmental Sciences, Ministry of Ecology and Environment, Guangzhou 510655, China; Guangxi Key Laboratory of Emerging Contaminants Monitoring, Early Warning and Environmental Health Risk Assessment, Nanning 530028, China
| | - Kaibo Huang
- Key Laboratory of Agro-Forestry Environmental Processes and Ecological Regulation of Hainan Province (Hainan University), Haikou 570228, China.
| | - Rui Wang
- South China Institute of Environmental Sciences, Ministry of Ecology and Environment, Guangzhou 510655, China; Guangxi Key Laboratory of Emerging Contaminants Monitoring, Early Warning and Environmental Health Risk Assessment, Nanning 530028, China.
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9
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Kutil Z, Novotna K, Cermakova L, Pivokonsky M. Tunnel vision in the drinking water research field - Time for non-targeted analysis implementation? THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2024; 908:168367. [PMID: 37963540 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2023.168367] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2023] [Revised: 10/30/2023] [Accepted: 11/04/2023] [Indexed: 11/16/2023]
Abstract
A plethora of compounds can reach our drinking water and possibly affect human health. Still, mostly notorious pollutants like pesticides and disinfection by-products are monitored and regulated. With the increasing availability of high-resolution mass spectrometers (HRMS), non-targeted analyses of environmental samples have become possible. Pilot studies demonstrating the applicability of this approach in the drinking water research field were published. We would like to highlight these studies and appeal to researchers focused on water quality to better exploit the potential of HRMS instruments and broaden the scale of studied pollutants. In addition, the data and experience should be further shared, and the quality standard for the analytical procedures should be set. With advanced knowledge of compounds reaching the drinking water, potential threats would be revealed, and the comprehensive results on water pollution might also act as impulses for associated research branches, including toxicity assessment or development of water treatment technologies, and/or for policy-making.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zsofia Kutil
- Institute of Hydrodynamics of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Pod Patankou 30/5, 160 00 Prague 6, Czech Republic
| | - Katerina Novotna
- Institute of Hydrodynamics of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Pod Patankou 30/5, 160 00 Prague 6, Czech Republic
| | - Lenka Cermakova
- Institute of Hydrodynamics of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Pod Patankou 30/5, 160 00 Prague 6, Czech Republic
| | - Martin Pivokonsky
- Institute of Hydrodynamics of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Pod Patankou 30/5, 160 00 Prague 6, Czech Republic.
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10
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Di Guardo A, Castiglioni S, Gambino I, Sailis A, Salmoiraghi G, Schiarea S, Vighi M, Terzaghi E. Modelling micropollutant cycle in Lake Como in a winter scenario: Implications for water use and reuse, ecosystem services, and the EU zero pollution action plan. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2024; 906:167594. [PMID: 37802341 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2023.167594] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2023] [Revised: 09/25/2023] [Accepted: 10/03/2023] [Indexed: 10/08/2023]
Abstract
The fate and effects of 42 pharmaceuticals was studied in Lake Como (Italy), in wastewater treatment plants delivering water to the lake, in two rivers and in potable water obtained from lake water. Lake Como is one of the deepest and largest lakes in Northern Italy, serving important ecosystem services (i.e., drinking water, recreational, industrial, irrigation uses), some of which are currently at risk giving the current water scarcity and climate change scenarios. The highest concentrations measured in lake water were those of diclofenac, followed by carbamazepine, its metabolite, and clarithromycin. The data measured allowed to calibrate and run a fugacity-based lake model, which showed that the most important chemical load generally comes from the advective water from the north of the lake, rather than from the direct wastewater treatment plant (WWTP) discharges. This indicates that only an important reduction of chemical discharge (reduced use or extensive treatment) at a drainage basin level could significantly reduce concentrations in water. This has strong implications on how to implement the EU zero pollution action plan to significantly improve water ecosystem and human health protection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Antonio Di Guardo
- Department of Science and High Technology, University of Insubria, Via Valleggio 11, 22100 Como, CO, Italy.
| | - Sara Castiglioni
- Department of Environmental Health Sciences, Istituto di Ricerche Farmacologiche Mario Negri IRCCS, Via Mario Negri 2, 20156 Milan, Italy
| | - Isabella Gambino
- Department of Science and High Technology, University of Insubria, Via Valleggio 11, 22100 Como, CO, Italy
| | - Alessia Sailis
- Department of Science and High Technology, University of Insubria, Via Valleggio 11, 22100 Como, CO, Italy
| | - Giulia Salmoiraghi
- Department of Environmental Health Sciences, Istituto di Ricerche Farmacologiche Mario Negri IRCCS, Via Mario Negri 2, 20156 Milan, Italy
| | - Silvia Schiarea
- Department of Environmental Health Sciences, Istituto di Ricerche Farmacologiche Mario Negri IRCCS, Via Mario Negri 2, 20156 Milan, Italy
| | - Marco Vighi
- IMDEA Water Institute, Av. da Punto Com 2, 28805 Alcalà de Henares, Madrid, Spain
| | - Elisa Terzaghi
- Department of Science and High Technology, University of Insubria, Via Valleggio 11, 22100 Como, CO, Italy
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11
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Martins NCT, Fateixa S, Nogueira HIS, Trindade T. Surface-enhanced Raman scattering detection of thiram and ciprofloxacin using chitosan-silver coated paper substrates. Analyst 2023; 149:244-253. [PMID: 38032357 DOI: 10.1039/d3an01449e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/01/2023]
Abstract
Fast detection of contaminants of emerging concern (CECs) in water resources is of great environmental interest. Ideally, sustainable materials should be used in water quality monitoring technologies implemented for such purposes. In this regard, the application of bio-based materials aimed at the fabrication of analytical platforms has become of great importance. This research merges both endeavors by exploring the application of chitosan-coated paper, decorated with silver nanoparticles (AgNPs), on surface-enhanced Raman scattering (SERS) spectroscopy studies of two distinct types of CECs dissolved in aqueous samples: an antibiotic (ciprofloxacin) and a pesticide (thiram). Our results indicate the superior SERS performance of biocoated substrates compared to their non-coated paper counterparts. The detection limits achieved for thiram and ciprofloxacin using the biocoated substrates were 0.024 ppm and 7.7 ppm, respectively. The efficient detection of both analytes is interpreted in terms of the role of the biopolymer in promoting AgNPs assemblies that result in local regions of enhanced SERS activity. Taking advantage of these observations, we use confocal Raman microscopy to obtain Raman images of the substrates using ciprofloxacin and thiram as molecular probes. We also demonstrate that these biobased substrates can be promising for on-site analysis when used in conjunction with portable Raman instruments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Natércia C T Martins
- CICECO-Aveiro Institute of Materials, Department of Chemistry, University of Aveiro, Campus Universitário de Santiago, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal.
| | - Sara Fateixa
- CICECO-Aveiro Institute of Materials, Department of Chemistry, University of Aveiro, Campus Universitário de Santiago, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal.
| | - Helena I S Nogueira
- CICECO-Aveiro Institute of Materials, Department of Chemistry, University of Aveiro, Campus Universitário de Santiago, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal.
| | - Tito Trindade
- CICECO-Aveiro Institute of Materials, Department of Chemistry, University of Aveiro, Campus Universitário de Santiago, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal.
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12
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Zhao J, Shang C, Yin R. A High-Radical-Yield Advanced Oxidation Process Coupling Far-UVC Radiation with Chlorinated Cyanurates for Micropollutant Degradation in Water. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY 2023; 57:18867-18876. [PMID: 37158565 DOI: 10.1021/acs.est.3c00255] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/10/2023]
Abstract
Increasing the radical yield and reducing energy consumption would enhance the sustainability and competitiveness of advanced oxidation processes (AOPs) for micropollutant degradation in water. We herein report a novel AOP coupling far-UVC radiation at 222 nm with chlorinated cyanurates (termed the UV222/Cl-cyanurates AOP) for radical generation and micropollutant abatement in water. We experimentally determined the concentrations of HO•, Cl•, and ClO• in the UV222/Cl-cyanurates AOP in deionized water and swimming pool water. The radical concentrations are 10-27 times and 4-13 times, respectively, higher than those in the UV254/Cl-cyanurates AOP and the well-documented UV254/chlorine AOP under comparable conditions (e.g., same UV fluence and oxidant dosing). We determined the molar absorption coefficients and innate quantum yields of two chlorine species and two Cl-cyanurates at 222 nm and incorporated these parameters into a kinetic model. The model enables accurate prediction of oxidant photodecay rates as well as the pH impact on radical generation in the UV222/Cl-cyanurates AOP. We predicted the pseudo-first-order degradation rate constants of 25 micropollutants in the UV222/Cl-cyanurates AOP and demonstrated that many micropollutants can be degraded by >80% with a low UV fluence of 25 mJ cm-2. This work advances the fundamental photochemistry of chlorine and Cl-cyanurates at 222 nm and offers a highly effective engineering tool in combating micropollutants in water where Cl-cyanurates are suitable to use.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing Zhao
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Clear Water Bay, Kowloon, Hong Kong, P. R. China
| | - Chii Shang
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Clear Water Bay, Kowloon, Hong Kong, P. R. China
- Hong Kong Branch of Chinese National Engineering Research Center for Control & Treatment of Heavy Metal Pollution, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Clear Water Bay, Kowloon, Hong Kong, P. R. China
| | - Ran Yin
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Clear Water Bay, Kowloon, Hong Kong, P. R. China
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13
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Roveri V, Lopes Guimarães L, Correia AT. Prioritizing pharmaceutically active compounds (PhACs) based on occurrence-persistency-mobility-toxicity (OPMT) criteria: an application to the Brazilian scenario. SAR AND QSAR IN ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH 2023; 34:1023-1039. [PMID: 38047444 DOI: 10.1080/1062936x.2023.2287516] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2023] [Accepted: 11/19/2023] [Indexed: 12/05/2023]
Abstract
A study of Quantitative Structure Activity Relationship (QSAR) was performed to assess the possible adverse effects of 25 pharmaceuticals commonly found in the Brazilian water compartments and to establish a ranking of environmental concern. The occurrence (O), the persistence (P), the mobility (M), and the toxicity (T) of these compounds in the Brazilian drinking water reservoirs were evaluated. Moreover, to verify the predicted OPMT dataset outcomes, a quality index (QI) was also developed and applied. The main results showed that: (i) after in silico predictions through VEGA QSAR, 19 from 25 pharmaceuticals consumed in Brazil were classified as persistent; (ii) moreover, after in silico predictions through OPERA QSAR, 15 among those 19 compounds considered persistent, were also classified as mobile or very mobile. On the other hand, the results of toxicity indicate that only 9 pharmaceuticals were classified with the highest toxicity level. Ultimately, the QI of 7 from 25 pharmaceuticals were categorized as 'optimal'; 15 pharmaceuticals were categorized as 'good'; and only 3 pharmaceuticals were categorized as 'regular'. Therefore, based on the QI criteria used, it is possible to assume that this OPMT prediction dataset had a good reliability. Efforts to reduce emissions of OPMT-pharmaceuticals in Brazilian drinking water reservoirs are encouraged.
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Affiliation(s)
- V Roveri
- Departamento de Gestão Ambiental, Universidade Metropolitana de Santos (UNIMES), Santos, Brazil
- Laboratório de EcoFisiologia, Centro Interdisciplinar de Investigação Marinha e Ambiental (CIIMAR/CIMAR), Matosinhos, Portugal
- Laboratório de Pesquisa em Produtos Naturais, Universidade Santa Cecília (UNISANTA), Santos, Brazil
| | - L Lopes Guimarães
- Laboratório de Pesquisa em Produtos Naturais, Universidade Santa Cecília (UNISANTA), Santos, Brazil
| | - A T Correia
- Laboratório de EcoFisiologia, Centro Interdisciplinar de Investigação Marinha e Ambiental (CIIMAR/CIMAR), Matosinhos, Portugal
- Escola das Ciências da Vida e do Ambiente da Universidade de Trás-os-Montes e Alto Douro (UTAD-ECVA), Vila Real, Portugal
- Departamento de Ciências da Vida, Instituto de Ciências Biomédicas Abel Salazar da Universidade do Porto (ICBAS-UP), Porto, Portugal
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14
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Huang W, Pan XF, Tang S, Sun F, Wu P, Yuan J, Sun W, Pan A, Chen D. Target Exposome for Characterizing Early Gestational Exposure to Contaminants of Emerging Concern and Association with Gestational Diabetes Mellitus. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY 2023; 57:13408-13418. [PMID: 37651547 DOI: 10.1021/acs.est.3c04492] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/02/2023]
Abstract
Characterization of gestational exposure to complex contaminants of emerging concern (CECs) is critical to the identification of environmental risk factors for pregnancy complications. However, determination of various CECs with diverse physicochemical properties in biological fluids is technically challenging. In the present study, we developed a target exposome protocol, consisting of simple liquid-liquid extraction-based sample preparation and sensitive liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS) analysis, to determine 325 CECs covering 11 subclasses, including poly- and perfluoroalkyl substances, organophosphate esters, ultraviolet (UV) stabilizers, synthetic antioxidants, phthalate esters, and several others. The protocol exhibits exceptional advantages over traditional approaches in the coverage of chemicals, sample volume demand, and time and financial cost. The protocol was applied in a prospective nested gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) study including 120 cases and 240 matched healthy controls. Thirty-three CECs were detected in >70% of the samples, with a combined concentration of 17.0-484.7 ng/mL. Bayesian kernel machine regression analysis showed that exposure to the CEC mixture was significantly associated with a higher GDM risk. For example, when increasing all CECs in the mixture from 50th percentile to 75th percentile, the estimated probit of GDM incidence had an increase of 92% (95% CI: 56%, 127%). Meanwhile, perfluorohexanesulfonic acid, 1,3-diphenylguanidine, and dibutyl fumarate were identified as the key CECs driving the joint effect. This work demonstrates great potential of our target exposome protocol for environmental risk factor identification in large-scale epidemiology or biomonitoring studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Huang
- School of Environment, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution and Health, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, Guangdong, China
| | - Xiong-Fei Pan
- Section of Epidemiology and Population Health & Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Birth Defects and Related Diseases of Women and Children & National Medical Products Administration Key Laboratory for Technical Research on Drug Products In Vitro and In Vivo Correlation, West China Second University Hospital, Sichuan University; Shuangliu Institute of Women's and Children's Health, Shuangliu Maternal and Child Health Hospital, Chengdu, Sichuan 610041, China
| | - Shuqin Tang
- School of Environment, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution and Health, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, Guangdong, China
| | - Fengjiang Sun
- School of Environment, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution and Health, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, Guangdong, China
| | - Ping Wu
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Environment and Health, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei 430030, China
| | - Jiaying Yuan
- Department of Science and Education, Shuangliu Maternal and Child Health Hospital, Chengdu, Sichuan 610200, China
| | - Wenwen Sun
- Shanghai AB Sciex Analytical Instrument Trading Co., Ltd, Shanghai 200335, China
| | - An Pan
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Environment and Health, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei 430030, China
| | - Da Chen
- School of Environment, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution and Health, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, Guangdong, China
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15
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Demissie N, Simha P, Lai FY, Ahrens L, Mussabek D, Desta A, Vinnerås B. Degradation of 75 organic micropollutants in fresh human urine and water by UV advanced oxidation process. WATER RESEARCH 2023; 242:120221. [PMID: 37390654 DOI: 10.1016/j.watres.2023.120221] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/11/2023] [Revised: 05/17/2023] [Accepted: 06/10/2023] [Indexed: 07/02/2023]
Abstract
In household wastewater, a large proportion of organic micropollutants (OMPs) load is attributed to human urine. OMPs could pose a risk to human and environmental health when urine collected in source-separating sanitation systems is recycled as crop fertiliser. This study evaluated degradation of 75 OMPs in human urine treated by a UV-based advanced oxidation process. Fresh urine and water samples were spiked with a broad range of OMPs and fed into a photoreactor equipped with a UV lamp (185 and 254 nm) that generated free radicals in situ. Degradation rate constant and the energy required to degrade 90% of all the OMPs in both matrices were determined. At a UV dose of 2060 J m-2, average ΣOMP degradation of 99% (±4%) in water and 55% (±36%) in fresh urine was achieved. The energy demand for removal of OMPs in water was <1500 J m-2, but for removal of OMPs in urine at least 10-fold more energy was needed. A combination of photolysis and photo-oxidation can explain the degradation of OMPs during UV treatment. Organic substances (e.g. urea, creatinine) likely inhibited degradation of OMPs in urine by competitively absorbing UV-light and scavenging free radicals. There was no reduction in the nitrogen content of urine during treatment. In summary, UV treatment can reduce the load of OMPs to urine recycling sanitation systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Natnael Demissie
- Department of Energy and Technology, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, Box 7032, SE-750 07 Uppsala, Sweden; College of Natural and Computational Sciences, Institute of Biotechnology, Addis Ababa University, Box 1176 Addis Ababa, Ethiopia.
| | - Prithvi Simha
- Department of Energy and Technology, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, Box 7032, SE-750 07 Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Foon Yin Lai
- Department of Aquatic Sciences and Assessment, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, Box 7050, SE-750 07 Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Lutz Ahrens
- Department of Aquatic Sciences and Assessment, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, Box 7050, SE-750 07 Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Dauren Mussabek
- Division of Water Resources Engineering, Lund University, Box 118 SE-22100 Lund, Sweden
| | - Adey Desta
- College of Natural and Computational Sciences, Institute of Biotechnology, Addis Ababa University, Box 1176 Addis Ababa, Ethiopia
| | - Björn Vinnerås
- Department of Energy and Technology, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, Box 7032, SE-750 07 Uppsala, Sweden
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16
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Strouhova A, Velisek J, Stara A. Selected neonicotinoids and associated risk for aquatic organisms. VET MED-CZECH 2023; 68:313-336. [PMID: 37982123 PMCID: PMC10646545 DOI: 10.17221/78/2023-vetmed] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2023] [Accepted: 08/16/2023] [Indexed: 11/21/2023] Open
Abstract
Neonicotinoids are one of the newest groups of systemic pesticides, effective on a wide range of invertebrate pests. The success of neonicotinoids can be assessed according to the amount used, for example, in the Czech Republic, which now accounts for 1/3 of the insecticide market. The European Union (EU) has a relatively interesting attitude towards neonicotinoids. Three neonicotinoid substances (imidacloprid, clothianidin and thiamethoxam) were severely restricted in 2013. In 2019, imidacloprid and clothianidin were banned, while thiamethoxam and thiacloprid were banned in 2020. In 2022, another substance, sulfoxaflor, was banned. Therefore, only two neonicotinoid substances (acetamiprid and flupyradifurone) are approved for outdoor use in the EU. Neonicotinoids enter aquatic ecosystems in many ways. In European rivers, neonicotinoids usually occur in nanograms per litre. Due to the low toxicity of neonicotinoids to standard test species, they were not expected to significantly impact the aquatic ecosystem until later studies showed that aquatic invertebrates, especially insects, are much more sensitive to neonicotinoids. In addition to the lethal effects, many studies point to sublethal impacts - reduced reproductive capacity, initiation of downstream drift of organisms, reduced ability to eat, or a change in feeding strategies. Neonicotinoids can affect individuals, populations, and entire ecosystems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alzbeta Strouhova
- Laboratory of Aquatic Toxicology and Ichtyopathology, Faculty of Fisheries and Protection of Waters, Research Institute of Fish Culture and Hydrobiology, South Bohemian Research Center of Aquaculture and Biodiversity of Hydrocenoses, University of South Bohemia in České Budějovice, Vodňany, Czech Republic
| | - Josef Velisek
- Laboratory of Aquatic Toxicology and Ichtyopathology, Faculty of Fisheries and Protection of Waters, Research Institute of Fish Culture and Hydrobiology, South Bohemian Research Center of Aquaculture and Biodiversity of Hydrocenoses, University of South Bohemia in České Budějovice, Vodňany, Czech Republic
| | - Alzbeta Stara
- Laboratory of Aquatic Toxicology and Ichtyopathology, Faculty of Fisheries and Protection of Waters, Research Institute of Fish Culture and Hydrobiology, South Bohemian Research Center of Aquaculture and Biodiversity of Hydrocenoses, University of South Bohemia in České Budějovice, Vodňany, Czech Republic
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17
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Pinasseau L, Mermillod-Blondin F, Fildier A, Fourel F, Vallier F, Guillard L, Wiest L, Volatier L. Determination of groundwater origins and vulnerability based on multi-tracer investigations: New contributions from passive sampling and suspect screening approach. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2023; 876:162750. [PMID: 36907410 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2023.162750] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2023] [Revised: 03/03/2023] [Accepted: 03/05/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Knowledge about groundwater origins and their interactions with surface water is fundamental to assess their vulnerability. In this context, hydrochemical and isotopic tracers are useful tools to investigate water origins and mixing. More recent studies examined the relevance of contaminants of emerging concern (CECs) as co-tracers to distinguish sources contributing to groundwater bodies. However, these studies focused on known and targeted CECs a priori selected regarding their origin and/or concentrations. This study aimed to improve these multi-tracer approaches using passive sampling and qualitative suspect screening by exploring a larger variety of historical and emerging concern contaminants in combination with hydrochemistry and water molecule isotopes. With this objective, an in-situ study was conducted in a drinking water catchment area located in an alluvial aquifer recharged by several water sources (both surface and groundwater sources). CECs determined by passive sampling and suspect screening allowed to provide in-depth chemical fingerprints of groundwater bodies by enabling the investigation of >2500 compounds with an increased analytical sensitivity. Obtained cocktails of CECs were discriminating enough to be used as chemical tracer in combination with hydrochemical and isotopic tracers. In addition, the occurrence and type of CECs contributed to a better understanding of groundwater-surface water interactions and highlighted short-time hydrological processes. Furthermore, the use of passive sampling with suspect screening analysis of CECs lead to a more realistic assessment and mapping of groundwater vulnerability.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lucie Pinasseau
- Univ Lyon, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, CNRS, ENTPE, UMR5023 Laboratoire d'Ecologie des Hydrosystèmes Naturels et Anthropisés (LEHNA), 6 Rue Raphaël Dubois, F-69622 Villeurbanne, France.
| | - Florian Mermillod-Blondin
- Univ Lyon, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, CNRS, ENTPE, UMR5023 Laboratoire d'Ecologie des Hydrosystèmes Naturels et Anthropisés (LEHNA), 6 Rue Raphaël Dubois, F-69622 Villeurbanne, France
| | - Aurélie Fildier
- Univ Lyon, CNRS, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, Institut des Sciences Analytiques, UMR 5280, 5 Rue de la Doua, F-69100, Villeurbanne, France
| | - François Fourel
- Univ Lyon, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, CNRS, ENTPE, UMR5023 Laboratoire d'Ecologie des Hydrosystèmes Naturels et Anthropisés (LEHNA), 6 Rue Raphaël Dubois, F-69622 Villeurbanne, France
| | - Félix Vallier
- Univ Lyon, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, CNRS, ENTPE, UMR5023 Laboratoire d'Ecologie des Hydrosystèmes Naturels et Anthropisés (LEHNA), 6 Rue Raphaël Dubois, F-69622 Villeurbanne, France
| | - Ludovic Guillard
- Univ Lyon, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, CNRS, ENTPE, UMR5023 Laboratoire d'Ecologie des Hydrosystèmes Naturels et Anthropisés (LEHNA), 6 Rue Raphaël Dubois, F-69622 Villeurbanne, France
| | - Laure Wiest
- Univ Lyon, CNRS, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, Institut des Sciences Analytiques, UMR 5280, 5 Rue de la Doua, F-69100, Villeurbanne, France
| | - Laurence Volatier
- Univ Lyon, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, CNRS, ENTPE, UMR5023 Laboratoire d'Ecologie des Hydrosystèmes Naturels et Anthropisés (LEHNA), 6 Rue Raphaël Dubois, F-69622 Villeurbanne, France
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18
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Nováková P, Švecová H, Bořík A, Grabic R. Novel nontarget LC-HRMS-based approaches for evaluation of drinking water treatment. ENVIRONMENTAL MONITORING AND ASSESSMENT 2023; 195:739. [PMID: 37233798 DOI: 10.1007/s10661-023-11348-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2022] [Accepted: 05/03/2023] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
A conventional evaluation methodology for drinking water pollution focuses on analysing hundreds of compounds, usually by liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry. High-resolution mass spectrometry allows comprehensive evaluation of all detected signals (compounds) based on their elemental composition, intensity, and numbers. We combined target analysis of 192 emerging micropollutants with nontarget (NT) full-scan/MS/MS methods to describe the impact of treatment steps in detail and assess drinking water treatment efficiency without compound identification. The removal efficiency based on target analytes ranged from - 143 to 97%, depending on the treatment section, technologies, and season. The same effect calculated for all signals detected in raw water by the NT method ranged between 19 and 65%. Ozonation increased the removal of micropollutants from the raw water but simultaneously caused the formation of new compounds. Moreover, ozonation byproducts showed higher persistence than products formed during other types of treatment. We evaluated chlorinated and brominated organics detected by specific isotopic patterns within the developed workflow. These compounds indicated anthropogenic raw water pollution but also potential treatment byproducts. We could match some of these compounds with libraries available in the software. We can conclude that passive sampling combined with nontargeted analysis shows to be a promising approach for water treatment control, especially for long-term monitoring of changes in technology lines because passive sampling dramatically reduces the number of samples and provides time-weighted average information for 2 to 4 weeks.
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Affiliation(s)
- Petra Nováková
- Faculty of Fisheries and Protection of Waters, South Bohemian Research Centre of Aquaculture and Biodiversity of Hydrocenoses, University of South Bohemia in České Budějovice, Zátiší 728/II, 389 25, Vodňany, Czech Republic.
| | - Helena Švecová
- Faculty of Fisheries and Protection of Waters, South Bohemian Research Centre of Aquaculture and Biodiversity of Hydrocenoses, University of South Bohemia in České Budějovice, Zátiší 728/II, 389 25, Vodňany, Czech Republic
| | - Adam Bořík
- Faculty of Fisheries and Protection of Waters, South Bohemian Research Centre of Aquaculture and Biodiversity of Hydrocenoses, University of South Bohemia in České Budějovice, Zátiší 728/II, 389 25, Vodňany, Czech Republic
| | - Roman Grabic
- Faculty of Fisheries and Protection of Waters, South Bohemian Research Centre of Aquaculture and Biodiversity of Hydrocenoses, University of South Bohemia in České Budějovice, Zátiší 728/II, 389 25, Vodňany, Czech Republic
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19
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Ciccarelli D, Christopher Braddock D, Surman AJ, Arenas BIV, Salal T, Marczylo T, Vineis P, Barron LP. Enhanced selectivity for acidic contaminants in drinking water: From suspect screening to toxicity prediction. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2023; 448:130906. [PMID: 36764252 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2023.130906] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2022] [Revised: 01/27/2023] [Accepted: 01/28/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
A novel analytical workflow for suspect screening of organic acidic contaminants in drinking water is presented, featuring selective extraction by silica-based strong anion-exchange solid-phase extraction, mixed-mode liquid chromatography-high resolution accurate mass spectrometry (LC-HRMS), peak detection, feature reduction and compound identification. The novel use of an ammonium bicarbonate-based elution solvent extended strong anion-exchange solid-phase extraction applicability to LC-HRMS of strong acids. This approach performed with consistently higher recovery and repeatability (88 ± 7 % at 500 ng L-1), improved selectivity and lower matrix interference (mean = 12 %) over a generic mixed-mode weak anion exchange SPE method. In addition, a novel filter for reducing full-scan features from fulvic and humic acids was successfully introduced, reducing workload and potential for false positives. The workflow was then applied to 10 London municipal drinking water samples, revealing the presence of 22 confirmed and 37 tentatively identified substances. Several poorly investigated and potentially harmful compounds were found which included halogenated hydroxy-cyclopentene-diones and dibromomethanesulfonic acid. Some of these compounds have been reported as mutagenic in test systems and thus their presence here requires further investigation. Overall, this approach demonstrated that employing selective extraction improved detection and helped shortlist suspects and potentially toxic chemical contaminants with higher confidence.
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Affiliation(s)
- Davide Ciccarelli
- Environmental Research Group, MRC Centre for Environment and Health, School of Public Health, Imperial College London, 86 Wood Lane, London W12 0BZ, UK; NIHR-HPRU Chemical and Radiation Threats and Hazards, NIHR-HPRU Environmental Exposures and Health, MRC Centre for Environment and Health, School of Public Health, Imperial College London, 86 Wood Lane, London W12 0BZ, UK
| | | | - Andrew J Surman
- Department of Chemistry, King's College London, Britannia House, 7 Trinity Street, London SE1 1DB, UK
| | | | - Tara Salal
- Department of Chemistry, King's College London, Britannia House, 7 Trinity Street, London SE1 1DB, UK
| | - Tim Marczylo
- NIHR-HPRU Chemical and Radiation Threats and Hazards, NIHR-HPRU Environmental Exposures and Health, MRC Centre for Environment and Health, School of Public Health, Imperial College London, 86 Wood Lane, London W12 0BZ, UK; UK Health Security Agency, Harwell Science Campus, Femi Avenue, Harwell, Didcot OX11 0GD, UK
| | - Paolo Vineis
- NIHR-HPRU Chemical and Radiation Threats and Hazards, NIHR-HPRU Environmental Exposures and Health, MRC Centre for Environment and Health, School of Public Health, Imperial College London, 86 Wood Lane, London W12 0BZ, UK; Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Imperial College London, St Mary's Campus, Norfolk Place, London W2 1PG, UK
| | - Leon P Barron
- Environmental Research Group, MRC Centre for Environment and Health, School of Public Health, Imperial College London, 86 Wood Lane, London W12 0BZ, UK; NIHR-HPRU Chemical and Radiation Threats and Hazards, NIHR-HPRU Environmental Exposures and Health, MRC Centre for Environment and Health, School of Public Health, Imperial College London, 86 Wood Lane, London W12 0BZ, UK.
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20
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Schwartz-Narbonne H, Xia C, Shalin A, Whitehead HD, Yang D, Peaslee GF, Wang Z, Wu Y, Peng H, Blum A, Venier M, Diamond ML. Per- and Polyfluoroalkyl Substances in Canadian Fast Food Packaging. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY LETTERS 2023; 10:343-349. [PMID: 37970096 PMCID: PMC10637757 DOI: 10.1021/acs.estlett.2c00926] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2022] [Revised: 03/01/2023] [Accepted: 03/02/2023] [Indexed: 11/17/2023]
Abstract
A suite of analytical techniques was used to obtain a comprehensive picture of per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) in selected Canadian food packaging used for fast foods (n = 42). Particle-induced gamma ray emission spectroscopy revealed that 55% of the samples contained <3580, 19% contained 3580-10 800, and 26% > 10 800 μg F/m2. The highest total F (1 010 000-1 300 000 μg F/m2) was measured in molded "compostable" bowls. Targeted analysis of 8 samples with high total F revealed 4-15 individual PFAS in each sample, with 6:2 fluorotelomer methacrylate (FTMAc) and 6:2 fluorotelomer alcohol (FTOH) typically dominating. Up to 34% of the total fluorine was released from samples after hydrolysis, indicating the presence of unknown precursors. Nontargeted analysis detected 22 PFAS from 6 different groups, including degradation products of FTOH. Results indicate the use of side-chain fluorinated polymers and suggest that these products can release short-chain compounds that ultimately can be transformed to compounds of toxicological concern. Analysis after 2 years of storage showed overall decreases in PFAS consistent with the loss of volatile compounds such as 6:2 FTMAc and FTOH. The use of PFAS in food packaging such as "compostable" bowls represents a regrettable substitution of single-use plastic food packaging.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Chunjie Xia
- O’Neill
School of Public and Environmental Affairs, Indiana University, Bloomington 47405, Indiana, United States
| | - Anna Shalin
- Department
of Earth Sciences, University of Toronto, Toronto M5S 3B1, ON, Canada
| | - Heather D. Whitehead
- Department
of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University
of Notre Dame, Notre
Dame 46556, Indiana, United States
| | - Diwen Yang
- Department
of Earth Sciences, University of Toronto, Toronto M5S 3B1, ON, Canada
- Department
of Chemistry, University of Toronto, Toronto M5S 3H6, ON, Canada
| | - Graham F. Peaslee
- Department
of Physics and Astronomy, University of
Notre Dame, Notre Dame 46556, Indiana, United
States
| | - Zhanyun Wang
- Institute
of Environmental Engineering, ETH Zürich, Zürich 8093, Switzerland
- Empa
− Swiss Federal Laboratories for Materials Science and Technology, Technology and Society Laboratory, St. Gallen CH-9014, Switzerland
| | - Yan Wu
- O’Neill
School of Public and Environmental Affairs, Indiana University, Bloomington 47405, Indiana, United States
| | - Hui Peng
- Department
of Chemistry, University of Toronto, Toronto M5S 3H6, ON, Canada
- School
of the Environment, University of Toronto, Toronto M5S 3E8, ON, Canada
| | - Arlene Blum
- Green
Science Policy Institute, Berkeley 94709, California, United States
| | - Marta Venier
- O’Neill
School of Public and Environmental Affairs, Indiana University, Bloomington 47405, Indiana, United States
| | - Miriam L. Diamond
- Department
of Earth Sciences, University of Toronto, Toronto M5S 3B1, ON, Canada
- School
of the Environment, University of Toronto, Toronto M5S 3E8, ON, Canada
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21
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Ali I, Barros de Souza A, De Laet S, Van Eyck K, Dewil R. Anodic oxidation of sulfamethoxazole paired to cathodic hydrogen peroxide production. CHEMOSPHERE 2023; 319:137984. [PMID: 36720407 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2023.137984] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2022] [Revised: 01/14/2023] [Accepted: 01/26/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
A double chamber electrochemical system is developed consisting of a boron-doped diamond (BDD) anode and a graphite cathode, which not only degrades sulfamethoxazole (SMX) but also simultaneously generates hydrogen peroxide (H2O2). The degradation of SMX is carried out by (in)direct oxidation at the BDD anode and H2O2 is produced by two electron oxygen (O2) reduction reaction (ORR) at the cathode. The effect of different parameters on the kinetics of both mechanisms was investigated. The performance of the system at the optimized conditions (pH 3, 0.05 M Na2SO4 as electrolyte, and 10 mA as applied current) showed that after 180 min of electrolysis, SMX was almost fully degraded (95% removal and ∼90% COD reduction) as well as about 535 μM H2O2 was accumulated. With the help of LC-MS, five intermediates formed during SMX electrolysis were properly identified and a degradation pathway was proposed. This study advocates methods for improving the effectiveness of energy use in advanced wastewater treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Izba Ali
- InOpSys - Mobiele Waterzuivering voor Chemie en Farma, Zandvoortstraat 12a, 2800, Mechelen, Belgium; KU Leuven, Department of Chemical Engineering, Process and Environmental Technology Lab, Sint-Katelijne-Waver, Belgium
| | | | - Steven De Laet
- InOpSys - Mobiele Waterzuivering voor Chemie en Farma, Zandvoortstraat 12a, 2800, Mechelen, Belgium
| | - Kwinten Van Eyck
- InOpSys - Mobiele Waterzuivering voor Chemie en Farma, Zandvoortstraat 12a, 2800, Mechelen, Belgium
| | - Raf Dewil
- KU Leuven, Department of Chemical Engineering, Process and Environmental Technology Lab, Sint-Katelijne-Waver, Belgium; University of Oxford, Department of Engineering Science, Parks Road, Oxford, OX1 3PJ, United Kingdom.
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22
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Ao X, Zhang X, Li S, Yang Y, Sun W, Li Z. Comprehensive understanding of fluoroquinolone degradation via MPUV/PAA process: Radical chemistry, matrix effects, degradation pathways, and toxicity. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2023; 445:130480. [PMID: 36462245 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2022.130480] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/28/2022] [Revised: 10/21/2022] [Accepted: 11/23/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
The wide occurrence of fluoroquinolones (FQs) in aquatic environments has aroused increasing concern about their potential adverse effects on human health. In this study, an emerging advanced oxidation process, i.e., the Medium-Pressure Ultraviolet/Peracetic Acid (MPUV/PAA) process, was used to degrade FQs (e.g., levofloxacin (LEV), norfloxacin, and ciprofloxacin). Compared with the MPUV process alone and the PAA process alone, the MPUV/PAA process significantly promoted degradation of FQs due to the considerable contribution of reactive radicals. Probe experiments revealed that PAA-specific organic radicals (e.g., CH3C(O)O• and CH3C(O)OO•) were the major radicals responsible for FQ elimination. Rapid degradation of FQs via the MPUV/PAA process was achieved within a wide range of pH values (5-9) by selecting LEV as the target compound, and higher pH values were more favorable for the reaction. The slight impacts of Cl- and CO32-/HCO3- on LEV removal were observed. The transformation products and pathways of LEV were identified, and nearly all of the transformation pathways occurred on the piperazine ring. Based on Quantitative Structure-Activity Relationship (QSAR) analysis, most of the products had lower toxicities than LEV. Overall, these findings improve our understanding and application of the MPUV/PAA process for degrading emerging contaminants in (waste)water treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiuwei Ao
- School of Energy and Environmental Engineering, Beijing Key Laboratory of Resource-oriented Treatment of Industrial Pollutants, International Science and Technology Cooperation Base for Environmental and Energy Technology of MOST, University of Science and Technology Beijing, Beijing 100083, China
| | - Xi Zhang
- School of Energy and Environmental Engineering, Beijing Key Laboratory of Resource-oriented Treatment of Industrial Pollutants, International Science and Technology Cooperation Base for Environmental and Energy Technology of MOST, University of Science and Technology Beijing, Beijing 100083, China
| | - Shiyu Li
- School of Energy and Environmental Engineering, Beijing Key Laboratory of Resource-oriented Treatment of Industrial Pollutants, International Science and Technology Cooperation Base for Environmental and Energy Technology of MOST, University of Science and Technology Beijing, Beijing 100083, China
| | - Yiting Yang
- School of Energy and Environmental Engineering, Beijing Key Laboratory of Resource-oriented Treatment of Industrial Pollutants, International Science and Technology Cooperation Base for Environmental and Energy Technology of MOST, University of Science and Technology Beijing, Beijing 100083, China
| | - Wenjun Sun
- School of Environment, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China; Research Institute for Environmental Innovation (Suzhou) Tsinghua, Suzhou 215163, China.
| | - Zifu Li
- School of Energy and Environmental Engineering, Beijing Key Laboratory of Resource-oriented Treatment of Industrial Pollutants, International Science and Technology Cooperation Base for Environmental and Energy Technology of MOST, University of Science and Technology Beijing, Beijing 100083, China.
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23
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Sun N, Wang X, Liu Z. Acetaminophen degradation in aqueous solution by the UV-LED-EC/Cl 2 process. ENVIRONMENTAL TECHNOLOGY 2023; 44:1035-1046. [PMID: 36546775 DOI: 10.1080/09593330.2022.2161951] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/07/2022] [Accepted: 12/15/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
In this study, electrochemically generated free chlorine (EC/Cl2) was activated by UV irradiation with a light emitting diode (LED) lamp at 275 nm to degrade acetaminophen (AAP, 2 μM) in aqueous solution. The potential at a RuO2-IrO2/Ti plate anode was set at 1.5 V vs. the Ag/AgCl electrode. Chlorine was in situ generated in the presence of Cl at the anode and then it was transformed into various active species such as OH and reactive chlorine species (RCS) under UV-LED irradiation. The degradation of AAP was investigated using batch tests, evaluating the influence of different experimental conditions such as NaCl concentration, phosphate buffer saline concentration, irradiation time and solution pH, keeping constant the UV-LED power and temperature. Results show that AAP could be completely degraded by the hybrid process with a high mineralization ratio (73%), and the degradation process followed a pseudo-first-order kinetics. The value of the Electric Energy per Order (EEO) = 1.272 kWh m3 order?, which is lower than the energy consumption of some other UV-based processes for AAP degradation. Adding 1 mM HCO3 ions slightly decreased the rate of AAP degradation. Luminescent bacteria experiment revealed that the acute toxicity of the reacted solution could be greatly reduced and the ecological risk was effectively abated. The scavenging assay shows that RCS plays a key role in the AAP degradation. The intermediate products were identified, and possible degradation routes were proposed. The system can advantageously replace conventional UV mercury lamp based ones in the degradation of microorganic pollutants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Na Sun
- Planning and Design Research Institute, East China JiaoTong University, Nanchang, People's Republic of China
| | - Xianglian Wang
- School of Civil Engineering and Architecture, Nanchang Institute of Technology, Nanchang, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhanmeng Liu
- Planning and Design Research Institute, East China JiaoTong University, Nanchang, People's Republic of China
- School of Civil Engineering and Architecture, Nanchang Institute of Technology, Nanchang, People's Republic of China
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24
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Ponce-Robles L, Mena E, Diaz S, Pagán-Muñoz A, Lara-Guillén AJ, Fellahi I, Alarcón JJ. Integrated full-scale solar CPC/UV-LED–filtration system as a tertiary treatment in a conventional WWTP for agricultural reuse purposes. Photochem Photobiol Sci 2022; 22:641-654. [PMID: 36401770 PMCID: PMC9676787 DOI: 10.1007/s43630-022-00342-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2022] [Accepted: 11/08/2022] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
AbstractToday, the emergence of increasingly restrictive treatment and reuse policies make the implementation of full-scale tertiary treatment, capable of improving the quality of water, a priority. Full-scale TiO2 photocatalysis systems are resulting in a promising option, since TiO2 is commercially available. However, questions such as how to work continuously during day/night irradiation cycle, or the removing of TiO2 in outlet flow are still unresolved. In this work, a full-scale system integrating a solar CPC/UV-LED step combined with commercial microfiltration membranes was installed in a conventional WWTP for agricultural reuse purposes. After optimization, 0.5 g/L of catalyst and combined SOLAR + UV-LED showing the highest pharmaceutical removal percentages, while a self-designed UV-LED included in the own reaction tank resulting in higher efficiencies compared with commercial lamps. Longer membrane surface area decreased fouling problems in the system. However, 60 min of irradiation time was necessary to reach the most restrictive water quality values according with (EU 2020/741). After optimization step, total costs were reduced by 45%. However, it was shown that a reduction in operating and maintenance costs, along with the development of more effective and economical commercial filtration membranes is a key factor; therefore, working on these aspects is essential in the treated water cost reduction.
Graphical abstract
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25
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Graphene oxide-polysulfone hollow fibers membranes with synergic ultrafiltration and adsorption for enhanced drinking water treatment. J Memb Sci 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.memsci.2022.120707] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/07/2022]
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26
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Han Y, Hu LX, Liu T, Liu J, Wang YQ, Zhao JH, Liu YS, Zhao JL, Ying GG. Non-target, suspect and target screening of chemicals of emerging concern in landfill leachates and groundwater in Guangzhou, South China. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2022; 837:155705. [PMID: 35523323 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2022.155705] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2022] [Revised: 04/30/2022] [Accepted: 04/30/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Landfill sites have been regarded as a significant source of chemicals of emerging concern (CECs) in groundwater. However, our understanding about the compositions of CECs in landfill leachate and adjacent groundwater is still very limited. Here we investigated the CECs in landfill leachates and groundwater of Guangzhou in South China by target, suspect and non-target analysis using high-resolution mass spectrometry (HRMS). A variety of CECs (n = 242), including pharmaceuticals (n = 64), pharmaceutical intermediates (n = 18), personal care products (n = 9), food additives (n = 18), industrial chemicals (n = 82, e.g., flame retardants, plasticizers, antioxidants and catalysts), pesticides (n = 26), transformation products (n = 8) and other organic compounds (n = 17) were (tentatively) identified by non-target and suspect screening. 142 CECs were quantitated with target analysis, and among them 37, 24 and 27 CECs were detected respectively in the raw leachate (272-1780 μg/L), treated leachate (0.25-0.81 μg/L) and groundwater (0.10-53.7 μg/L). The CECs in the raw leachates were efficiently removed with the removal efficiencies greater than 88.7%. Acesulfame, bisphenol F and ketoprofen were the most abundant compounds in both treated leachate and groundwater. The CECs in groundwater was found most likely to be originated from the landfill sites. Our results highlight the importance of non-target screening in identifying CECs, and reveal the contamination risk of groundwater by landfill leachate.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu Han
- SCNU Environmental Research Institute, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Chemical Pollution and Environmental Safety & MOE Key Laboratory of Theoretical Chemistry of Environment, South China Normal University, Guangzhou 510006, China; School of Environment, South China Normal University, University Town, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Li-Xin Hu
- SCNU Environmental Research Institute, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Chemical Pollution and Environmental Safety & MOE Key Laboratory of Theoretical Chemistry of Environment, South China Normal University, Guangzhou 510006, China; School of Environment, South China Normal University, University Town, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Ting Liu
- SCNU Environmental Research Institute, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Chemical Pollution and Environmental Safety & MOE Key Laboratory of Theoretical Chemistry of Environment, South China Normal University, Guangzhou 510006, China; School of Environment, South China Normal University, University Town, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Jing Liu
- SCNU Environmental Research Institute, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Chemical Pollution and Environmental Safety & MOE Key Laboratory of Theoretical Chemistry of Environment, South China Normal University, Guangzhou 510006, China; School of Environment, South China Normal University, University Town, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Yu-Qing Wang
- SCNU Environmental Research Institute, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Chemical Pollution and Environmental Safety & MOE Key Laboratory of Theoretical Chemistry of Environment, South China Normal University, Guangzhou 510006, China; School of Environment, South China Normal University, University Town, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Jia-Hui Zhao
- SCNU Environmental Research Institute, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Chemical Pollution and Environmental Safety & MOE Key Laboratory of Theoretical Chemistry of Environment, South China Normal University, Guangzhou 510006, China; School of Environment, South China Normal University, University Town, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - You-Sheng Liu
- SCNU Environmental Research Institute, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Chemical Pollution and Environmental Safety & MOE Key Laboratory of Theoretical Chemistry of Environment, South China Normal University, Guangzhou 510006, China; School of Environment, South China Normal University, University Town, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Jian-Liang Zhao
- SCNU Environmental Research Institute, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Chemical Pollution and Environmental Safety & MOE Key Laboratory of Theoretical Chemistry of Environment, South China Normal University, Guangzhou 510006, China; School of Environment, South China Normal University, University Town, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Guang-Guo Ying
- SCNU Environmental Research Institute, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Chemical Pollution and Environmental Safety & MOE Key Laboratory of Theoretical Chemistry of Environment, South China Normal University, Guangzhou 510006, China; School of Environment, South China Normal University, University Town, Guangzhou 510006, China.
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27
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Taylor AC, Mills GA, Gravell A, Kerwick M, Fones GR. Pesticide fate during drinking water treatment determined through passive sampling combined with suspect screening and multivariate statistical analysis. WATER RESEARCH 2022; 222:118865. [PMID: 35868101 DOI: 10.1016/j.watres.2022.118865] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2022] [Revised: 07/05/2022] [Accepted: 07/12/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Emerging contaminants such as polar pesticides pose a potential risk to human health due to their presence in drinking water. However, their occurrence and fate in drinking water treatment plants is poorly understood. In this study we use passive sampling coupled to suspect screening and multivariate analysis to describe pesticide fate throughout the treatment stream of an operational drinking water treatment plant. ChemcatcherÒ passive sampling devices were deployed at sites (n = 6) positioned at all stages of the treatment stream during consecutive deployments (n = 20) over a twelve-month period. Sample extracts (n = 120) were analysed using high-resolution liquid chromatography-quadrupole-time-of-flight mass spectrometry and compounds identified against a commercially available database. A total of 58 pesticides and transformation products from different classes were detected. Statistical analysis of the qualitative screening data was performed to identify clusters of pesticides with similar fate during ozonation, granular activated carbon (GAC) filtration, and chlorination. The performance of each treatment process was investigated. Adsorption to GAC media was found to account for the greatest proportion of pesticide attenuation (average removal of 70% based on detection frequency), however, operational performance varied for certain pesticides during periods of episodic and sustained pollution. GAC breakthrough occurred for 21 compounds detected in the GAC filtrate. Eleven pesticides were found to occur in potable water following treatment. We developed a management plan containing controls, triggers, and responses, for five pesticides and a metabolite (atrazine, atrazine desethyl, DEET, dichlorobenzamide, metazachlor, and propyzamide) prioritised based on their current and future risk to treated water quality.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adam C Taylor
- School of the Environment, Geography and Geosciences, University of Portsmouth, Burnaby Road, Portsmouth PO1 3QL, United Kingdom
| | - Graham A Mills
- School of Pharmacy and Biomedical Sciences, University of Portsmouth, White Swan Road, Portsmouth PO1 2DT, United Kingdom
| | - Anthony Gravell
- Natural Resources Wales, Faraday Building, Swansea University, Singleton Campus, Swansea SA2 8PP, United Kingdom
| | - Mark Kerwick
- Southern Water Services, Southern House, Yeoman Road, Worthing, West Sussex BN13 3NX, United Kingdom
| | - Gary R Fones
- School of the Environment, Geography and Geosciences, University of Portsmouth, Burnaby Road, Portsmouth PO1 3QL, United Kingdom.
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28
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He A, Lu Y, Chen F, Li F, Lv K, Cao H, Sun Y, Liang Y, Li J, Zhao L, Zhang X, Li L, Wang Y, Jiang G. Exploring the origin of efficient adsorption of poly- and perfluoroalkyl substances in household point-of-use water purifiers: Deep insights from a joint experimental and computational study. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2022; 831:154988. [PMID: 35378177 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2022.154988] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2022] [Revised: 03/26/2022] [Accepted: 03/29/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Poly- and perfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) are harmful chemicals to humans and widely detected in water bodies including tap water. PFAS cannot be efficiently removed from water through conventional treatment processes used in full-scale drinking water treatment plants, posing a latent risk to human health via drinking tap water. Here in-field investigations show that the household point-of-use (POU) water purifiers constituted with coconut shell activated carbon can achieve 21%-99% removal for 14 legacy and emerging PFAS in tap water based on the ratio of influent and effluent. Extensive characterizations combine with chemical analyses demonstrate that physical adsorption based on Van der Waals force can remove 23 PFAS from tap water, wherein the hydrophobicity of PFAS is the crucial factor. Density functional theory calculations together with the quantitative structure-activity relationship model confirm that both topological structures as well as hydrophobicity of PFAS and electrostatic interactions between the strong electronegative F atoms and the adsorbent surface are the most critical factors controlling the PFAS adsorption to activated carbon. Overall, our results offer insights into the molecular mechanisms that enable the adsorption of PFAS in POU filters.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anen He
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Chemistry and Ecotoxicology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, China; College of Resources and Environment, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Yao Lu
- School of Environment, Hangzhou Institute for Advanced Study, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hangzhou 310024, China
| | - Fengjie Chen
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Environmental and Health Effects of Persistent Toxic Substances, Institute of Environment and Health, Jianghan University, Wuhan 430056, China
| | - Feifei Li
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Chemistry and Ecotoxicology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, China; College of Resources and Environment, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Kun Lv
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Chemistry and Ecotoxicology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, China
| | - Huiming Cao
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Environmental and Health Effects of Persistent Toxic Substances, Institute of Environment and Health, Jianghan University, Wuhan 430056, China
| | - Yuzhen Sun
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Environmental and Health Effects of Persistent Toxic Substances, Institute of Environment and Health, Jianghan University, Wuhan 430056, China
| | - Yong Liang
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Environmental and Health Effects of Persistent Toxic Substances, Institute of Environment and Health, Jianghan University, Wuhan 430056, China
| | - Juan Li
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Chemistry and Ecotoxicology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, China
| | - Lixia Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Chemistry and Ecotoxicology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, China; School of Environment, Hangzhou Institute for Advanced Study, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hangzhou 310024, China
| | - Xiang Zhang
- School of Environment, Hangzhou Institute for Advanced Study, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hangzhou 310024, China
| | - Lingxiangyu Li
- School of Environment, Hangzhou Institute for Advanced Study, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hangzhou 310024, China
| | - Yawei Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Chemistry and Ecotoxicology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, China; Hubei Key Laboratory of Environmental and Health Effects of Persistent Toxic Substances, Institute of Environment and Health, Jianghan University, Wuhan 430056, China.
| | - Guibin Jiang
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Chemistry and Ecotoxicology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, China; College of Resources and Environment, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China; School of Environment, Hangzhou Institute for Advanced Study, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hangzhou 310024, China
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29
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Liu J, Shen L, Lin H, Huang Z, Hong H, Chen C. Preparation of Ni@UiO-66 incorporated polyethersulfone (PES) membrane by magnetic field assisted strategy to improve permeability and photocatalytic self-cleaning ability. J Colloid Interface Sci 2022; 618:483-495. [PMID: 35366476 DOI: 10.1016/j.jcis.2022.03.106] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 27.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2022] [Revised: 03/12/2022] [Accepted: 03/24/2022] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Metal-organic frameworks (MOFs) have been considered as promising nanofillers to fabricate mixed matrix membranes for water treatment. However, manipulating distribution of MOFs nanoparticles in the membrane matrix remains a great challenge. In this study, UiO-66 was firstly coated by magnetic Ni via an in-situ reduction reaction, and then incorporated into polyethersulfone (PES) membrane matrix to prepare PES-Ni@UiO-66 membrane. The magnetic Ni allowed to manipulate the distribution of magnetic Ni@UiO-66 in the phase-inversion process by an external magnetic field. The hydrophilic Ni@UiO-66 can be pulled onto membrane surface by the magnetic force, endowing the prepared membrane with rather higher hydrophilicity. The prepared membrane exhibited superior water permeability with a pure water flux of 611.5 ± 19.8 L·m-2·h-1 and improved antifouling performance. Moreover, benifiting from photocatalytic activity of the exposed Ni@UiO-66 on membrane surface, the obtained PES-Ni@UiO-66 membrane demonstrated excellent photocatalytic self-cleaning ability with a flux recovery rate (FRR) higher than 95% under UV irradiation. Analyzing by extended Derjaguin-Landau-Verwey-Overbeek (XDLVO) theory indicated that the improved antifouling performance could be attributed to less attractive or even repulsive interaction between the prepared membrane and pollutants. This work provided valuable guidance for structural regulation and development of high-performance MOFs-based membranes for water treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiahao Liu
- College of Geography and Environmental Sciences, Zhejiang Normal University, Jinhua 321004, PR China.
| | - Liguo Shen
- College of Geography and Environmental Sciences, Zhejiang Normal University, Jinhua 321004, PR China.
| | - Hongjun Lin
- College of Geography and Environmental Sciences, Zhejiang Normal University, Jinhua 321004, PR China.
| | - Zhengyi Huang
- College of Geography and Environmental Sciences, Zhejiang Normal University, Jinhua 321004, PR China.
| | - Huachang Hong
- College of Geography and Environmental Sciences, Zhejiang Normal University, Jinhua 321004, PR China.
| | - Cheng Chen
- College of Geography and Environmental Sciences, Zhejiang Normal University, Jinhua 321004, PR China.
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30
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Khaliha S, Bianchi A, Kovtun A, Tunioli F, Boschi A, Zambianchi M, Paci D, Bocchi L, Valsecchi S, Polesello S, Liscio A, Bergamini M, Brunetti M, Luisa Navacchia M, Palermo V, Melucci M. Graphene oxide nanosheets for drinking water purification by tandem adsorption and microfiltration. Sep Purif Technol 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.seppur.2022.121826] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/31/2022]
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Wang YQ, Hu LX, Zhao JH, Han Y, Liu YS, Zhao JL, Yang B, Ying GG. Suspect, non-target and target screening of pharmaceuticals and personal care products (PPCPs) in a drinking water system. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2022; 808:151866. [PMID: 34822902 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2021.151866] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2021] [Revised: 11/17/2021] [Accepted: 11/17/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Drinking water quality and safety are very important in protecting human health. Chemical contaminants in drinking water system have become an increasing concern. Our knowledge about what chemicals are present in drinking water is still limited. Here we screened chemicals of emerging concern in a conventional drinking water system based on suspect, non-target screening and target analysis, and assessed their variations in different seasons and different treatment units. Overall, 720 chemicals were identified with HRMS databases from the suspect and non-target screening and 48 chemicals in five categories were further confirmed with the high confidence level, with predominance of pharmaceuticals and personal care products (PPCPs) and pesticides. Four compounds are newly found in aquatic environment with no literature or chemical occurrence data record. Temporal variations and variable removals were observed for these chemicals in the system. Target analysis of 110 PPCPs showed detection of 21, 19 and 22 compounds in the drinking water treatment plant with a concentration range of 0.11-844 ng/L in the three seasons, but only 8, 9 and 15 compounds detected in tap water (0.16-32.5 ng/L). The variations of the detected chemicals were less obvious in tap water, with most having concentrations below 2 ng/L. The results indicated efficient removal for most PPCPs in the drinking water system. The findings from this study demonstrated the strong capability of combined non-target screening and target analysis in identifying and assessing various organic chemicals in drinking water system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu-Qing Wang
- SCNU Environmental Research Institute, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Chemical Pollution and Environmental Safety & MOE Key Laboratory of Theoretical Chemistry of Environment, South China Normal University, Guangzhou 510006, China; School of Environment, South China Normal University, University Town, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Li-Xin Hu
- SCNU Environmental Research Institute, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Chemical Pollution and Environmental Safety & MOE Key Laboratory of Theoretical Chemistry of Environment, South China Normal University, Guangzhou 510006, China; School of Environment, South China Normal University, University Town, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Jia-Hui Zhao
- SCNU Environmental Research Institute, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Chemical Pollution and Environmental Safety & MOE Key Laboratory of Theoretical Chemistry of Environment, South China Normal University, Guangzhou 510006, China; School of Environment, South China Normal University, University Town, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Yu Han
- SCNU Environmental Research Institute, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Chemical Pollution and Environmental Safety & MOE Key Laboratory of Theoretical Chemistry of Environment, South China Normal University, Guangzhou 510006, China; School of Environment, South China Normal University, University Town, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - You-Sheng Liu
- SCNU Environmental Research Institute, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Chemical Pollution and Environmental Safety & MOE Key Laboratory of Theoretical Chemistry of Environment, South China Normal University, Guangzhou 510006, China; School of Environment, South China Normal University, University Town, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Jian-Liang Zhao
- SCNU Environmental Research Institute, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Chemical Pollution and Environmental Safety & MOE Key Laboratory of Theoretical Chemistry of Environment, South China Normal University, Guangzhou 510006, China; School of Environment, South China Normal University, University Town, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Bin Yang
- SCNU Environmental Research Institute, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Chemical Pollution and Environmental Safety & MOE Key Laboratory of Theoretical Chemistry of Environment, South China Normal University, Guangzhou 510006, China; School of Environment, South China Normal University, University Town, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Guang-Guo Ying
- SCNU Environmental Research Institute, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Chemical Pollution and Environmental Safety & MOE Key Laboratory of Theoretical Chemistry of Environment, South China Normal University, Guangzhou 510006, China; School of Environment, South China Normal University, University Town, Guangzhou 510006, China.
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Skaarup C, Wodschow K, Voutchkova DD, Schullehner J, Raaschou-Nielsen O, Andersen HR, Hansen B, Ersbøll AK. Geographical Distribution and Pattern of Pesticides in Danish Drinking Water 2002-2018: Reducing Data Complexity. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2022; 19:ijerph19020823. [PMID: 35055647 PMCID: PMC8775924 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph19020823] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2021] [Revised: 12/31/2021] [Accepted: 01/06/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Pesticides are a large and heterogenous group of chemicals with a complex geographic distribution in the environment. The purpose of this study was to explore the geographic distribution of pesticides in Danish drinking water and identify potential patterns in the grouping of pesticides. Our data included 899,169 analyses of 167 pesticides and metabolites, of which 55 were identified above the detection limit. Pesticide patterns were defined by (1) pesticide groups based on chemical structure and pesticide-metabolite relations and (2) an exploratory factor analysis identifying underlying patterns of related pesticides within waterworks. The geographic distribution was evaluated by mapping the pesticide categories for groups and factor components, namely those detected, quantified, above quality standards, and not analysed. We identified five and seven factor components for the periods 2002-2011 and 2012-2018, respectively. In total, 16 pesticide groups were identified, of which six were representative in space and time with regards to the number of waterworks and analyses, namely benzothiazinone, benzonitriles, organophosphates, phenoxy herbicides, triazines, and triazinones. Pesticide mapping identified areas where multiple pesticides were detected, indicating areas with a higher pesticide burden. The results contribute to a better understanding of the pesticide pattern in Danish drinking water and may contribute to exposure assessments for future epidemiological studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carina Skaarup
- National Institute of Public Health, University of Southern Denmark, 1455 Copenhagen, Denmark; (K.W.); (A.K.E.)
- Correspondence:
| | - Kirstine Wodschow
- National Institute of Public Health, University of Southern Denmark, 1455 Copenhagen, Denmark; (K.W.); (A.K.E.)
| | - Denitza D. Voutchkova
- Geological Survey of Denmark and Greenland (GEUS), C.F. Møllers Allé 8, 8000 Aarhus, Denmark; (D.D.V.); (J.S.); (B.H.)
| | - Jörg Schullehner
- Geological Survey of Denmark and Greenland (GEUS), C.F. Møllers Allé 8, 8000 Aarhus, Denmark; (D.D.V.); (J.S.); (B.H.)
- Department of Public Health, Research Unit for Environment, Work and Health, Aarhus University, Bartholins Allé 2, 8000 Aarhus, Denmark
| | - Ole Raaschou-Nielsen
- Danish Cancer Society Research Center, Strandboulevarden 49, 2100 Copenhagen, Denmark;
- Department of Environmental Science, Aarhus University, Frederiksborgvej 399, 4000 Roskilde, Denmark
| | - Helle Raun Andersen
- Department of Public Health, Clinical Pharmacology, Pharmacy and Envinronmental Medicine, University of Southern Denmark, J.B. Winsløws Vej 17A, 5000 Odense, Denmark;
| | - Birgitte Hansen
- Geological Survey of Denmark and Greenland (GEUS), C.F. Møllers Allé 8, 8000 Aarhus, Denmark; (D.D.V.); (J.S.); (B.H.)
| | - Annette Kjær Ersbøll
- National Institute of Public Health, University of Southern Denmark, 1455 Copenhagen, Denmark; (K.W.); (A.K.E.)
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El-Nahhal I, El-Nahhal Y. Pesticide residues in drinking water, their potential risk to human health and removal options. JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT 2021; 299:113611. [PMID: 34526283 DOI: 10.1016/j.jenvman.2021.113611] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2021] [Revised: 08/13/2021] [Accepted: 08/23/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
The application of pesticides in agricultural and public health sectors has resulted in substantially contaminated water resources with residues in many countries. Almost no reviews have addressed pesticide residues in drinking water globally; calculated hazard indices for adults, children, and infants; or discussed the potential health risk of pesticides to the human population. The objectives of this article were to summarize advances in research related to pesticide residues in drinking water; conduct health risk assessments by estimating the daily intake of pesticide residues consumed only from drinking water by adults, children, and infants; and summarize options for pesticide removal from water systems. Approximately 113 pesticide residues were found in drinking water samples from 31 countries worldwide. There were 61, 31, and 21 insecticide, herbicide, and fungicide residues, respectively. Four residues were in toxicity class IA, 14 residues were in toxicity class IB, 55 residues were in toxicity class II, 17 residues were in toxicity class III, and 23 residues were in toxicity class IV. The calculated hazard indices (HIs) exceeded the value of one in many cases. The lowest HI value (0.0001) for children was found in Canada, and the highest HI value (30.97) was found in Egypt, suggesting a high potential health risk to adults, children, and infants. The application of advanced oxidation processes (AOPs) showed efficient removal of many pesticide classes. The combination of adsorption followed by biodegradation was shown to be an effective and efficient purification option. In conclusion, the consumption of water contaminated with pesticide residues may pose risks to human health in exposed populations.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Yasser El-Nahhal
- Dept. of Earth and Environmental Science Faculty of Science, The Islamic University, Gaza, Palestine.
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de Aquino SF, Brandt EMF, Bottrel SEC, Gomes FBR, Silva SDQ. Occurrence of Pharmaceuticals and Endocrine Disrupting Compounds in Brazilian Water and the Risks They May Represent to Human Health. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2021; 18:11765. [PMID: 34831521 PMCID: PMC8620687 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph182211765] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2021] [Revised: 11/01/2021] [Accepted: 11/05/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
The risks of pharmaceuticals and endocrine disrupting compounds (P&EDC) to the environment and human health are a current topic of interest. Hundreds of P&EDC may reach the environment, hence, there is a need to rank the level of concern of human exposure to these compounds. Thus, this work aimed at setting a priority list of P&EDC in Brazil, by studying their occurrence in raw and drinking water, calculating health guideline values (GV), and estimating the risks of population exposure to water intake. Data on the Brazilian pharmaceutical market as well as published data of the monitoring of Brazilian natural and drinking water have been collected by means of an exhaustive literature review. Furthermore, many foreign data were also collected to enable a comparison of the values found in Brazilian studies. A list of 55 P&EDC that have the potential to be found in Brazilian water is proposed, and for 41 of these a risk assessment was performed by estimating their margin of exposure (ME), by considering their occurrence in drinking water, and guideline values estimated from reported acceptable daily intake (ADI) data. For seven compounds the risk was deemed high (three estrogens and four anti-inflammatories), whereas for another seven compounds, it was regarded as an 'alert' situation. Although such risk analysis is conservative, since it has been calculated based on the highest reported P&EDC concentration in drinking water, it highlights the need to enhance their monitoring in Brazil to strengthen the database and support decision makers. An analysis of the occurrence of antimicrobial resistance agents (antibiotics, resistant bacteria, and resistance genes) in surface waters was also carried out and confirmed that such agents are present in water sources throughout Brazil, which deserves the attention of policy makers and health agents to prevent dissemination of antimicrobial resistance through water use.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Emanuel Manfred Freire Brandt
- Environmental and Sanitary Engineering Department, Federal University of Juiz de Fora (UFJF), Juiz de Fora 36036-900, MG, Brazil; (E.M.F.B.); (S.E.C.B.)
| | - Sue Ellen Costa Bottrel
- Environmental and Sanitary Engineering Department, Federal University of Juiz de Fora (UFJF), Juiz de Fora 36036-900, MG, Brazil; (E.M.F.B.); (S.E.C.B.)
| | - Fernanda Bento Rosa Gomes
- Civil Engineering Graduate Programme, Federal University of Juiz de Fora (UFJF), Juiz de Fora 36036-900, MG, Brazil;
| | - Silvana de Queiroz Silva
- Biological Sciences Department, Federal University of Ouro Preto (UFOP), Ouro Preto 35400-000, MG, Brazil;
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