1
|
Narayanan M, Devarayan K, Verma M, Selvaraj M, Ghramh HA, Kandasamy S. Assessing the ecological impact of pesticides/herbicides on algal communities: A comprehensive review. AQUATIC TOXICOLOGY (AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS) 2024; 268:106851. [PMID: 38325057 DOI: 10.1016/j.aquatox.2024.106851] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/28/2023] [Revised: 01/12/2024] [Accepted: 01/25/2024] [Indexed: 02/09/2024]
Abstract
The escalating use of pesticides in agriculture for enhanced crop productivity threatens aquatic ecosystems, jeopardizing environmental integrity and human well-being. Pesticides infiltrate water bodies through runoff, chemical spills, and leachate, adversely affecting algae, vital primary producers in marine ecosystems. The repercussions cascade through higher trophic levels, underscoring the need for a comprehensive understanding of the interplay between pesticides, algae, and the broader ecosystem. Algae, susceptible to pesticides via spillage, runoff, and drift, experience disruptions in community structure and function, with certain species metabolizing and bioaccumulating these contaminants. The toxicological mechanisms vary based on the specific pesticide and algal species involved, particularly evident in herbicides' interference with photosynthetic activity in algae. Despite advancements, gaps persist in comprehending the precise toxic effects and mechanisms affecting algae and non-target species. This review consolidates information on the exposure and toxicity of diverse pesticides and herbicides to aquatic algae, elucidating underlying mechanisms. An emphasis is placed on the complex interactions between pesticides/herbicides, nutrient content, and their toxic effects on algae and microbial species. The variability in the harmful impact of a single pesticide across different algae species underscores the necessity for further research. A holistic approach considering these interactions is imperative to enhance predictions of pesticide effects in marine ecosystems. Continued research in this realm is crucial for a nuanced understanding of the repercussions of pesticides and herbicides on aquatic ecosystems, mainly algae.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mathiyazhagan Narayanan
- Center for Research and Innovation, Department of Biotechnology, Saveetha School of Engineering, Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Science, Saveetha University, Chennai 602 105, Tamil Nadu, India.
| | - Kesavan Devarayan
- Department of Basic Sciences, College of Fisheries Engineering, Tamil Nadu Dr. J. Jayalalithaa Fisheries University, Vettar River View Campus, Nagapattinam 611 002, India
| | - Monu Verma
- Water-Energy Nexus Laboratory, Department of Environmental Engineering, University of Seoul, Seoul 02504, South Korea; Department of Food Science and Technology, Graphic Era (Deemed to be University), Dehradun 248002, Uttarakhand, India
| | - Manickam Selvaraj
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, King Khalid University, Abha 61413, Saudi Arabia
| | - Hamed A Ghramh
- Research Centre for Advanced Materials Science (RCAMS), King Khalid University, PO Box 9004, Abha 61413, Saudi Arabia
| | - Sabariswaran Kandasamy
- Department of Biotechnology, PSGR Krishnammal College for Women, Peelamedu, Coimbatore 641004, India.
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Zhang J, Kainz MJ, Wang X, Tan X, Zhang Q. Eutrophication and loss of riparian shading influence food quality and trophic relation in stream food webs. WATER RESEARCH 2024; 249:120926. [PMID: 38043353 DOI: 10.1016/j.watres.2023.120926] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2023] [Revised: 09/28/2023] [Accepted: 11/24/2023] [Indexed: 12/05/2023]
Abstract
Eutrophication induced by excessive inputs of nutrient is one of the main stressors in aquatic ecosystems. Deforestation in riparian zones alter riparian shading, which together with eutrophication is expected to exert a complex control over stream food webs. We manipulated two levels of riparian shading (open canopy vs. shading canopy) and nutrient supply (ambient vs. nutrient addition) in three headwater streams to investigate the individual and combined effects of eutrophication and loss of riparian shading on carbon sources and nutritional quality of biofilms, and the subsequent trophic effects on macroinvertebrate grazers. Nutrient enrichment increased the autochthonous carbon (i.e., algae especially diatoms) indicated by fatty acid (FA) biomarkers within biofilms and grazers. The nutritional quality indicated by eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) content of biofilms was increased with nutrient enrichment and more so with the combined effect of an increase in riparian shading, consequently leading to an increase in the nutritional quality, density, and biomass of grazers. In particular, the trophic linkages between biofilms and grazers were mainly influenced by EPA concentration in the biofilms, and strengthened with the combined effects of riparian shading and additional nutrients. Our study emphasizes the nutritional significance of EPA for consumers at higher trophic levels and proposes its potential as an indicator for monitoring the health of aquatic ecosystems.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jian Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Aquatic Botany and Watershed Ecology, Wuhan Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan 430074, China; Danjiangkou Wetland Ecosystem Field Scientific Observation and Research Station, The Chinese Academy of Sciences & Hubei Province, Wuhan 430074, China
| | - Martin J Kainz
- WasserCluster Lunz - Inter-University Centre for Aquatic Ecosystem Research, Lunz am See A-3293, Austria; Department of BioMedical Research, Danube University Krems, Krems A-3500, Austria
| | - Xingzhong Wang
- College of Life Science, Huzhou University, Huzhou 313000, China
| | - Xiang Tan
- Key Laboratory of Aquatic Botany and Watershed Ecology, Wuhan Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan 430074, China; Danjiangkou Wetland Ecosystem Field Scientific Observation and Research Station, The Chinese Academy of Sciences & Hubei Province, Wuhan 430074, China.
| | - Quanfa Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Aquatic Botany and Watershed Ecology, Wuhan Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan 430074, China; Danjiangkou Wetland Ecosystem Field Scientific Observation and Research Station, The Chinese Academy of Sciences & Hubei Province, Wuhan 430074, China
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Neijnens FK, Moreira H, de Jonge MMJ, Linssen BBHP, Huijbregts MAJ, Geerling GW, Schipper AM. Effects of nutrient enrichment on freshwater macrophyte and invertebrate abundance: A meta-analysis. GLOBAL CHANGE BIOLOGY 2024; 30:e17094. [PMID: 38273479 DOI: 10.1111/gcb.17094] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2023] [Revised: 10/27/2023] [Accepted: 11/24/2023] [Indexed: 01/27/2024]
Abstract
External nutrient loading can cause large changes in freshwater ecosystems. Many local field and laboratory experiments have investigated ecological responses to nutrient addition. However, these findings are difficult to generalize, as the responses observed may depend on the local context and the resulting nutrient concentrations in the receiving water bodies. In this research, we combined and analysed data from 131 experimental studies containing 3054 treatment-control abundance ratios to assess the responses of freshwater taxa along a gradient of elevated nutrient concentrations. We carried out a systematic literature search in order to identify studies that report the abundance of invertebrate, macrophyte, and fish taxa in relation to the addition of nitrogen, phosphorus, or both. Next, we established mixed-effect meta-regression models to relate the biotic responses to the concentration gradients of both nutrients. We quantified the responses based on various abundance-based metrics. We found no responses to the mere addition of nutrients, apart from an overall increase of total invertebrate abundance. However, when we considered the gradients of N and P enrichment, we found responses to both nutrients for all abundance metrics. Abundance tended to increase at low levels of N enrichment, yet decreased at the high end of the concentration gradient (1-10 mg/L, depending on the P concentration). Responses to increasing P concentrations were mostly positive. For fish, we found too few data to perform a meaningful analysis. The results of our research highlight the need to consider the level of nutrient enrichment rather than the mere addition of nutrients in order to better understand broad-scale responses of freshwater biota to eutrophication, as a key step to identify effective conservation strategies for freshwater ecosystems.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Floris K Neijnens
- Department of Environmental Science, Radboud Institute for Biological and Environmental Sciences (RIBES), Radboud University, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
- Deltares, Delft, The Netherlands
| | - Hadassa Moreira
- Department of Environmental Science, Radboud Institute for Biological and Environmental Sciences (RIBES), Radboud University, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Melinda M J de Jonge
- Department of Environmental Science, Radboud Institute for Biological and Environmental Sciences (RIBES), Radboud University, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Bart B H P Linssen
- Department of Environmental Science, Radboud Institute for Biological and Environmental Sciences (RIBES), Radboud University, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Mark A J Huijbregts
- Department of Environmental Science, Radboud Institute for Biological and Environmental Sciences (RIBES), Radboud University, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Gertjan W Geerling
- Department of Environmental Science, Radboud Institute for Biological and Environmental Sciences (RIBES), Radboud University, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
- Deltares, Delft, The Netherlands
| | - Aafke M Schipper
- Department of Environmental Science, Radboud Institute for Biological and Environmental Sciences (RIBES), Radboud University, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
- PBL Netherlands Environmental Assessment Agency, The Hague, The Netherlands
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Wang T, Zhang P, Molinos JG, Xie J, Zhang H, Wang H, Xu X, Wang K, Feng M, Cheng H, Zhang M, Xu J. Interactions between climate warming, herbicides, and eutrophication in the aquatic food web. JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT 2023; 345:118753. [PMID: 37625285 DOI: 10.1016/j.jenvman.2023.118753] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2023] [Revised: 07/16/2023] [Accepted: 08/09/2023] [Indexed: 08/27/2023]
Abstract
Understanding the interactive effects of multiple environmental stressors on biological communities is crucial for effective environmental management and biodiversity conservation. Here, we present the results of an outdoor mesocosm experiment examining how an aquatic food web responds to the individual and combined effects of climate warming, heat waves, nutrient enrichment, and herbicide exposure. To assess ecosystem functioning, we examined energy flow, using stable isotope analysis integrated with the bioenergetics food web approach to quantify energy fluxes among trophic levels. Our results revealed that the combined effects of these stressors altered the pattern of energy fluxes within the food web. Under warming conditions, there was an increase in energy flux from producers and primary consumers to secondary consumers. However, we did not observe a significant increase in energy flux in primary consumers, potentially due to enhanced top-down control. Nutrient enrichment increased energy flux from producers to higher trophic levels while simultaneously decreasing detrital energy flux. Herbicide exposure did not significantly affect herbivory energy flux but did reduce detritivory energy flux, particularly from detritus to primary consumers. The interactive effects we observed were primarily antagonistic or additive, although we also detected reversed and synergistic effects. The responses to multiple stressors varied across different energy flow pathways, leading to an asymmetric response. Furthermore, our results also revealed significant differences in the effects of constant warming and heat waves, either alone or in combination with water pollution. The asymmetric response of energy flow pathways and the prevalence of antagonistic effects present significant challenges for ecosystem restoration. Together, our findings provide novel and clear evidence of the complex mechanisms by which the coexistence of stressors can differently affect the pathways of energy flux across trophic levels in aquatic ecosystems. Regulatory strategies for ecosystems should comprehensively consider responses at multi-trophic levels using a network perspective, especially in the face of combinations of global and local stressors.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Tao Wang
- Donghu Experimental Station of Lake Ecosystems, State Key Laboratory of Freshwater Ecology and Biotechnology of China, Institute of Hydrobiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, PR China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, PR China.
| | - Peiyu Zhang
- Donghu Experimental Station of Lake Ecosystems, State Key Laboratory of Freshwater Ecology and Biotechnology of China, Institute of Hydrobiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, PR China.
| | | | - Jiayi Xie
- Donghu Experimental Station of Lake Ecosystems, State Key Laboratory of Freshwater Ecology and Biotechnology of China, Institute of Hydrobiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, PR China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, PR China.
| | - Huan Zhang
- Donghu Experimental Station of Lake Ecosystems, State Key Laboratory of Freshwater Ecology and Biotechnology of China, Institute of Hydrobiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, PR China.
| | - Huan Wang
- Donghu Experimental Station of Lake Ecosystems, State Key Laboratory of Freshwater Ecology and Biotechnology of China, Institute of Hydrobiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, PR China; State Key Laboratory of Marine Resource Utilization in South China Sea, Hainan University, Haikou, PR China.
| | - Xiaoqi Xu
- Donghu Experimental Station of Lake Ecosystems, State Key Laboratory of Freshwater Ecology and Biotechnology of China, Institute of Hydrobiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, PR China.
| | - Kang Wang
- Donghu Experimental Station of Lake Ecosystems, State Key Laboratory of Freshwater Ecology and Biotechnology of China, Institute of Hydrobiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, PR China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, PR China.
| | - Mingjun Feng
- College of Fisheries, Hubei Provincial Engineering Laboratory for Pond Aquaculture, Freshwater Aquaculture Collaborative Innovation Centre of Hubei Province, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, PR China.
| | - Haowu Cheng
- College of Fisheries, Hubei Provincial Engineering Laboratory for Pond Aquaculture, Freshwater Aquaculture Collaborative Innovation Centre of Hubei Province, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, PR China.
| | - Min Zhang
- College of Fisheries, Hubei Provincial Engineering Laboratory for Pond Aquaculture, Freshwater Aquaculture Collaborative Innovation Centre of Hubei Province, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, PR China.
| | - Jun Xu
- Donghu Experimental Station of Lake Ecosystems, State Key Laboratory of Freshwater Ecology and Biotechnology of China, Institute of Hydrobiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, PR China.
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Hellal J, Barthelmebs L, Bérard A, Cébron A, Cheloni G, Colas S, Cravo-Laureau C, De Clerck C, Gallois N, Hery M, Martin-Laurent F, Martins J, Morin S, Palacios C, Pesce S, Richaume A, Vuilleumier S. Unlocking secrets of microbial ecotoxicology: recent achievements and future challenges. FEMS Microbiol Ecol 2023; 99:fiad102. [PMID: 37669892 PMCID: PMC10516372 DOI: 10.1093/femsec/fiad102] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2023] [Revised: 07/21/2023] [Accepted: 09/04/2023] [Indexed: 09/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Environmental pollution is one of the main challenges faced by humanity. By their ubiquity and vast range of metabolic capabilities, microorganisms are affected by pollution with consequences on their host organisms and on the functioning of their environment. They also play key roles in the fate of pollutants through the degradation, transformation, and transfer of organic or inorganic compounds. Thus, they are crucial for the development of nature-based solutions to reduce pollution and of bio-based solutions for environmental risk assessment of chemicals. At the intersection between microbial ecology, toxicology, and biogeochemistry, microbial ecotoxicology is a fast-expanding research area aiming to decipher the interactions between pollutants and microorganisms. This perspective paper gives an overview of the main research challenges identified by the Ecotoxicomic network within the emerging One Health framework and in the light of ongoing interest in biological approaches to environmental remediation and of the current state of the art in microbial ecology. We highlight prevailing knowledge gaps and pitfalls in exploring complex interactions among microorganisms and their environment in the context of chemical pollution and pinpoint areas of research where future efforts are needed.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Lise Barthelmebs
- Université de Perpignan Via Domitia, Biocapteurs – Analyse-Environnement, Perpignan, France
- Laboratoire de Biodiversité et Biotechnologies Microbiennes, USR 3579 Sorbonne Universités (UPMC) Paris 6 et CNRS Observatoire Océanologique, Banyuls-sur-Mer, France
| | - Annette Bérard
- UMR EMMAH INRAE/AU – équipe SWIFT, 228, route de l'Aérodrome, 84914 Avignon Cedex 9, France
| | | | - Giulia Cheloni
- MARBEC, Univ Montpellier, CNRS, Ifremer, IRD, Sète, France
| | - Simon Colas
- Universite de Pau et des Pays de l'Adour, E2S UPPA, CNRS, IPREM, Pau, France
| | | | - Caroline De Clerck
- AgricultureIsLife, Gembloux Agro-Bio Tech (Liege University), Passage des Déportés 2, 5030 Gembloux, Belgium
| | | | - Marina Hery
- HydroSciences Montpellier, Université de Montpellier, CNRS, IRD, Montpellier, France
| | - Fabrice Martin-Laurent
- Institut Agro Dijon, INRAE, Université de Bourgogne, Université de Bourgogne Franche-Comté, Agroécologie, 21065 Dijon, France
| | - Jean Martins
- IGE, UMR 5001, Université Grenoble Alpes, CNRS, G-INP, INRAE, IRD Grenoble, France
| | | | - Carmen Palacios
- Université de Perpignan Via Domitia, CEFREM, F-66860 Perpignan, France
- CNRS, CEFREM, UMR5110, F-66860 Perpignan, France
| | | | - Agnès Richaume
- Université de Lyon, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, CNRS, UMR 5557, Ecologie Microbienne, Villeurbanne, France
| | | |
Collapse
|
6
|
López Moreira Mazacotte GA, Polst BH, Gross EM, Schmitt-Jansen M, Hölker F, Hilt S. Microcosm experiment combined with process-based modeling reveals differential response and adaptation of aquatic primary producers to warming and agricultural run-off. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2023; 14:1120441. [PMID: 37404535 PMCID: PMC10316517 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2023.1120441] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2022] [Accepted: 04/03/2023] [Indexed: 07/06/2023]
Abstract
Fertilizers, pesticides and global warming are threatening freshwater aquatic ecosystems. Most of these are shallow ponds or slow-flowing streams or ditches dominated by submerged macrophytes, periphyton or phytoplankton. Regime shifts between the dominance of these primary producers can occur along a gradient of nutrient loading, possibly triggered by specific disturbances influencing their competitive interactions. However, phytoplankton dominance is less desirable due to lower biodiversity and poorer ecosystem function and services. In this study, we combined a microcosm experiment with a process-based model to test three hypotheses: 1) agricultural run-off (ARO), consisting of nitrate and a mixture of organic pesticides and copper, differentially affects primary producers and enhances the risk of regime shifts, 2) warming increases the risk of an ARO-induced regime shift to phytoplankton dominance and 3) custom-tailored process-based models support mechanistic understanding of experimental results through scenario comparison. Experimentally exposing primary producers to a gradient of nitrate and pesticides at 22°C and 26°C supported the first two hypotheses. ARO had direct negative effects on macrophytes, while phytoplankton gained from warming and indirect effects of ARO like a reduction in the competitive pressure exerted by other groups. We used the process-based model to test eight different scenarios. The best qualitative fit between modeled and observed responses was reached only when taking community adaptation and organism acclimation into account. Our results highlight the importance of considering such processes when attempting to predict the effects of multiple stressors on natural ecosystems.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Bastian H. Polst
- Department of Bioanalytical Ecotoxicology, Helmholtz Centre for Environmental Research-UFZ, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Elisabeth M. Gross
- Laboratoire Interdisciplinaire des Environnements Continentaux (LIEC) UMR 7360 CNRS, Université de Lorraine, Metz, France
- LTSER Zone Atelier Bassin de la Moselle, Metz, France
| | - Mechthild Schmitt-Jansen
- Department of Bioanalytical Ecotoxicology, Helmholtz Centre for Environmental Research-UFZ, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Franz Hölker
- Department of Community and Ecosystem Ecology, Leibniz Institute of Freshwater Ecology and Inland Fisheries (IGB), Berlin, Germany
| | - Sabine Hilt
- Department of Community and Ecosystem Ecology, Leibniz Institute of Freshwater Ecology and Inland Fisheries (IGB), Berlin, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Hermann M, Peeters ETHM, Van den Brink PJ. Heatwaves, elevated temperatures, and a pesticide cause interactive effects on multi-trophic levels of a freshwater ecosystem. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2023; 327:121498. [PMID: 36965684 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2023.121498] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2022] [Revised: 03/09/2023] [Accepted: 03/21/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Climate impacts of elevated temperatures and more severe and frequent weather extremes like heatwaves are globally becoming discernible on nature. While a mechanistic understanding is pivotal for ecosystem management, stressors like pesticides may interact with warming, leading to unpredictable effects on freshwater ecosystems. These multiple stressor studies are scarce and experimental designs often lack environmental realism. To investigate the multiple stressor effects, we conducted a microcosm experiment for 48 days comprising benthic macroinvertebrates, zooplankton, phytoplankton, macrophytes, and microbes. The fungicide carbendazim (100 μg/L) was investigated combined with temperature scenarios representing elevated temperatures (+4 °C) or heatwaves (+0 to +8 °C), both applied with similar energy input on a daily fluctuating ambient temperature (18 °C ± 1.5 °C), which served as control. Measurements showed the highest carbendazim dissipation in water under heatwaves followed by elevated and ambient temperatures. Average carbendazim concentrations were about 50% in water and 16% in sediment of the nominal concentration. In both heated cosms, zooplankton community dynamics revealed an unexpected shift from Rotifera to Cladocera and Copepoda nauplii, indicating variations in their thermal sensitivity, tolerance and resilience. Notably, warming and heatwaves shaped community responses similarly, suggesting heat intensity rather than distribution patterns determined the community structure. Heatwaves led to significant early and longer-lasting adverse effects that were exacerbated over time with Cladocera and Copepoda being most sensitive likely due to significant carbendazim interactions. Finally, a structural equation model demonstrated significant relationships between zooplankton and macrophytes and significantly negative carbendazim effects on zooplankton, whereas positive on macroinvertebrate abundances. The relationship between macroinvertebrate feeding and abundance was masked by significantly temperature-affected microbial leaf litter decomposition. Despite the thermal tolerance of zooplankton communities, our study highlights an increased pesticide threat under temperature extremes. More intense heatwaves are thus likely to cause significant alterations in community assemblages which will adversely affect ecosystem's processes and functions.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Markus Hermann
- Aquatic Ecology and Water Quality Management Group, Wageningen University, P.O. Box 47, 6700, AA Wageningen, the Netherlands.
| | - Edwin T H M Peeters
- Aquatic Ecology and Water Quality Management Group, Wageningen University, P.O. Box 47, 6700, AA Wageningen, the Netherlands
| | - Paul J Van den Brink
- Aquatic Ecology and Water Quality Management Group, Wageningen University, P.O. Box 47, 6700, AA Wageningen, the Netherlands; Wageningen Environmental Research, P.O. Box 47, 6700, AA Wageningen, the Netherlands
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Wang Y, Cao X, Yu H, Xu Y, Peng J, Qu J. Nitrate with enriched heavy oxygen isotope linked to changes in nitrogen source and transformation as groundwater table rises. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2023; 455:131527. [PMID: 37163892 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2023.131527] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2023] [Revised: 04/19/2023] [Accepted: 04/26/2023] [Indexed: 05/12/2023]
Abstract
Nitrate is a significant constituent of the total nitrogen pool in shallow aquifers and poses an escalating threat to groundwater resources, making it crucial to comprehend the source, conversion, and elimination of nitrogen using appropriate techniques. Although dual-isotope dynamics in nitrate have been widely used, uncertainties remain regarding the asynchronously temporal changes in δ18O-NO3- and δ15N-NO3- observed in hypoxic aquifers. This study aimed to investigate changes in nitrogen sources and transformations using temporal changes in field-based NO3- isotopic composition, hydro-chemical variables, and environmental DNA profiling, as the groundwater table varied. The results showed that the larger enrichment in δ18O-NO3- (+13‰) compared with δ15N-NO3- (-2‰) on average during groundwater table rise was due to a combination of factors, including high 18O-based atmospheric N deposition, canopies nitrification, and soil nitrification transported vertically by rainfalls, and 18O-enriched O2 produced through microbial and root respiration within denitrification. The strong association between functional gene abundance and nitrogen-related indicators suggests that anammox was actively processed with nitrification but in small bacterial population during groundwater table rise. Furthermore, bacterial species associated with nitrogen-associated gradients provided insight into subsurface nitrogen transformation, with Burkholderiaceae species and Pseudorhodobacter potentially serving as bioindicators of denitrification, while Candidatus Nitrotogn represents soil nitrification. Fluctuating groundwater tables can cause shifts in hydro-chemical and isotopic composition, which in turn can indicate changes in nitrogen sources and transformations. These changes can be used to improve input sources for mixture models and aid in microbial remediation of nitrate.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yajun Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Criteria and Risk Assessment, and State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Simulation and Control of Groundwater Pollution, Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences, Beijing 100012, China; Center for Water and Ecology, State Key Joint Laboratory of Environment Simulation and Pollution Control, School of Environment, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - Xiaofeng Cao
- Center for Water and Ecology, State Key Joint Laboratory of Environment Simulation and Pollution Control, School of Environment, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - Hongwei Yu
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Aquatic Chemistry, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, China
| | - Yan Xu
- College of Marine Science and Technology, China University of Geosciences, Wuhan 430074, China
| | - Jianfeng Peng
- Center for Water and Ecology, State Key Joint Laboratory of Environment Simulation and Pollution Control, School of Environment, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - Jiuhui Qu
- Center for Water and Ecology, State Key Joint Laboratory of Environment Simulation and Pollution Control, School of Environment, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China; State Key Laboratory of Environmental Aquatic Chemistry, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, China
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Botrel M, Maranger R. Global historical trends and drivers of submerged aquatic vegetation quantities in lakes. GLOBAL CHANGE BIOLOGY 2023; 29:2493-2509. [PMID: 36786043 DOI: 10.1111/gcb.16619] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2022] [Revised: 12/21/2022] [Accepted: 01/15/2023] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
Submerged aquatic vegetation (SAV) in lake littoral zones is an inland water wetland type that provides numerous essential ecosystem services, such as supplying food and habitat for fauna, regulating nutrient fluxes, stabilizing sediments, and maintaining a clear water state. However, little is known on how inland SAV quantities are changing globally in response to human activities, where loss threatens the provisioning of these ecosystem services. In this study, we generate a comprehensive global synthesis of trends in SAV quantities using time series (>10 years) in lakes and identify their main drivers. We compiled trends across methods and metrics, integrating both observational and paleolimnological approaches as well as diverse measures of SAV quantities, including areal extent, density, or abundance classes. The compilation revealed that knowledge on SAV is mostly derived from temperate regions, with major gaps in tropical, boreal, and mountainous lake-rich regions. Similar to other wetland types, we found that 41% of SAV times series are largely decreasing mostly due to land use change and resulting eutrophication. SAV is, however, increasing in 28% of cases, primarily since the 1980s. We show that trends and drivers of SAV quantities vary regionally, with increases in Europe explained mainly by management, decreases in Asia due to eutrophication and land use change, and variable trends in North America consistent with invasive species arrival. By providing a quantitative portrait of trends in SAV quantities worldwide, we identify knowledge gaps and future SAV research priorities. By considering the drivers of different trends, we also offer insight to future lake management related to climate, positive restoration actions, and change in community structure on SAV quantities.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Morgan Botrel
- Département de sciences biologiques, Complexe des sciences, Université de Montréal, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
- Groupe de recherche interuniversitaire en limnologie (GRIL), Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Roxane Maranger
- Département de sciences biologiques, Complexe des sciences, Université de Montréal, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
- Groupe de recherche interuniversitaire en limnologie (GRIL), Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Zhang P, Wang T, Zhang H, Wang H, Hilt S, Shi P, Cheng H, Feng M, Pan M, Guo Y, Wang K, Xu X, Chen J, Zhao K, He Y, Zhang M, Xu J. Heat waves rather than continuous warming exacerbate impacts of nutrient loading and herbicides on aquatic ecosystems. ENVIRONMENT INTERNATIONAL 2022; 168:107478. [PMID: 35998413 DOI: 10.1016/j.envint.2022.107478] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/01/2022] [Revised: 08/13/2022] [Accepted: 08/13/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Submerged macrophytes are vital components in shallow aquatic ecosystems, but their abundances have declined globally. Shading by periphyton and phytoplankton/turbidity plays a major role in this decline, and the competing aquatic primary producers are subject to the complex influence of multiple stressors such as increasing temperatures, nutrient loading and herbicides. Their joint impact has rarely been tested and is difficult to predict due to potentially opposing effects on the different primary producers, their interactions and their grazers. Here, we used 48 mesocosms (2500 L) to simulate shallow lakes dominated by two typical submerged macrophytes, bottom-dwelling Vallisneria denseserrulata and canopy-forming Hydrilla verticillata, and associated food web components. We applied a combination of nutrient loading, continuous warming, heat waves and glyphosate-based herbicides to test how these stressors interactively impact the growth of submerged macrophytes, phytoplankton and periphyton as competing primary producers. Warming or heat waves alone did not affect phytoplankton and periphyton abundance, but negatively influenced the biomass of V. denseserrulata. Nutrient loading alone increased phytoplankton biomass and water turbidity and thus negatively affected submerged macrophyte biomass, particularly for V. denseserrulata, by shading. Glyphosate alone did not affect biomass of each primary producer under ambient temperatures. However, heat waves facilitated phytoplankton growth under combined nutrient loading and glyphosate treatments more than continuous warming. As a consequence, H. verticillata biomass was lowest under these conditions indicating the potential of multiple stressors for macrophyte decline. Our study demonstrated that multiple stressors interactively alter the biomass of primary producers and their interactions and can eventually lead to a loss of macrophyte communities and shift to phytoplankton dominance. These results show the risks in shallow lakes and ponds in agricultural landscapes and underline the need for multiple stressor studies as a base for their future management.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Peiyu Zhang
- Donghu Experimental Station of Lake Ecosystems, State Key Laboratory of Freshwater Ecology and Biotechnology of China, Institute of Hydrobiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, China
| | - Tao Wang
- Donghu Experimental Station of Lake Ecosystems, State Key Laboratory of Freshwater Ecology and Biotechnology of China, Institute of Hydrobiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, China
| | - Huan Zhang
- Donghu Experimental Station of Lake Ecosystems, State Key Laboratory of Freshwater Ecology and Biotechnology of China, Institute of Hydrobiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, China
| | - Huan Wang
- Donghu Experimental Station of Lake Ecosystems, State Key Laboratory of Freshwater Ecology and Biotechnology of China, Institute of Hydrobiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, China
| | - Sabine Hilt
- Department of Community and Ecosystem Ecology, Leibniz Institute of Freshwater Ecology and Inland Fisheries (IGB), Berlin, Germany
| | - Penglan Shi
- College of Fisheries, Huazhong Agricultural University, Engineering Research Center of Green Development for Conventional Aquatic Biological Industry in the Yangtze River Economic Belt, Ministry of Education, Hubei Provincial Engineering Laboratory for Pond Aquaculture, Wuhan, China
| | - Haowu Cheng
- College of Fisheries, Huazhong Agricultural University, Engineering Research Center of Green Development for Conventional Aquatic Biological Industry in the Yangtze River Economic Belt, Ministry of Education, Hubei Provincial Engineering Laboratory for Pond Aquaculture, Wuhan, China
| | - Mingjun Feng
- College of Fisheries, Huazhong Agricultural University, Engineering Research Center of Green Development for Conventional Aquatic Biological Industry in the Yangtze River Economic Belt, Ministry of Education, Hubei Provincial Engineering Laboratory for Pond Aquaculture, Wuhan, China
| | - Meng Pan
- College of Fisheries, Huazhong Agricultural University, Engineering Research Center of Green Development for Conventional Aquatic Biological Industry in the Yangtze River Economic Belt, Ministry of Education, Hubei Provincial Engineering Laboratory for Pond Aquaculture, Wuhan, China
| | - Yulun Guo
- Donghu Experimental Station of Lake Ecosystems, State Key Laboratory of Freshwater Ecology and Biotechnology of China, Institute of Hydrobiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, China
| | - Kang Wang
- Donghu Experimental Station of Lake Ecosystems, State Key Laboratory of Freshwater Ecology and Biotechnology of China, Institute of Hydrobiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, China
| | - Xiaoqi Xu
- Donghu Experimental Station of Lake Ecosystems, State Key Laboratory of Freshwater Ecology and Biotechnology of China, Institute of Hydrobiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, China
| | - Jianlin Chen
- Donghu Experimental Station of Lake Ecosystems, State Key Laboratory of Freshwater Ecology and Biotechnology of China, Institute of Hydrobiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, China
| | - Kangshun Zhao
- Donghu Experimental Station of Lake Ecosystems, State Key Laboratory of Freshwater Ecology and Biotechnology of China, Institute of Hydrobiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, China
| | - Yuhan He
- Donghu Experimental Station of Lake Ecosystems, State Key Laboratory of Freshwater Ecology and Biotechnology of China, Institute of Hydrobiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, China
| | - Min Zhang
- College of Fisheries, Huazhong Agricultural University, Engineering Research Center of Green Development for Conventional Aquatic Biological Industry in the Yangtze River Economic Belt, Ministry of Education, Hubei Provincial Engineering Laboratory for Pond Aquaculture, Wuhan, China
| | - Jun Xu
- Donghu Experimental Station of Lake Ecosystems, State Key Laboratory of Freshwater Ecology and Biotechnology of China, Institute of Hydrobiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, China.
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Polst BH, Hilt S, Stibor H, Hölker F, Allen J, Vijayaraj V, Kipferler N, Leflaive J, Gross EM, Schmitt-Jansen M. Warming lowers critical thresholds for multiple stressor-induced shifts between aquatic primary producers. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2022; 838:156511. [PMID: 35679921 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2022.156511] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2022] [Revised: 05/31/2022] [Accepted: 06/02/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
In aquatic ecosystems, excessive nutrient loading is a global problem that can induce regime shifts from macrophyte- to phytoplankton-dominated states with severe consequences for ecosystem functions. Most agricultural landscapes are sites of nutrient and pesticide loading, which can interact with other stressors (e.g., warming) in additive, antagonistic, synergistic or reversed forms. The effects of multiple stressors on the resilience of macrophyte-dominated states and on critical thresholds for regime shifts are, however, unknown. We test the effects of individual and combined stressors of warming, nitrate, and various pesticides typically found in agricultural run-off (ARO) on the growth of macrophytes, periphyton, and phytoplankton in microcosms. We applied a one-level replicated design to test whether ARO induces a regime shift and a multifactorial dose-response design to model stressor thresholds and disentangle stressor interactions along a gradient. The individual stressors did not induce a regime shift, but the full ARO did. Nitrate and pesticides acted synergistically, inducing a shift with increasing phytoplankton biomass and decreasing macrophyte biomass. Warming amplified this effect and lowered critical thresholds for regime shifts. Shallow aquatic ecosystems in agricultural landscapes affected by global warming thus increasingly risk shifting to a turbid, phytoplankton-dominated state, and negatively impacting ecosystem service provisioning. Multiple stressor interactions must be considered when defining safe operating spaces for aquatic systems.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Bastian H Polst
- Helmholtz-Centre for Environmental Research - UFZ, Leipzig, Germany.
| | - Sabine Hilt
- Leibniz Institute for Freshwater Ecology and Inland Fisheries (IGB), Berlin, Germany
| | - Herwig Stibor
- Ludwig-Maximilians University Munich, Aquatic Ecology, Munich, Germany
| | - Franz Hölker
- Leibniz Institute for Freshwater Ecology and Inland Fisheries (IGB), Berlin, Germany
| | - Joey Allen
- Université de Lorraine, LIEC UMR 7360 CNRS, Metz, France; Université de Toulouse, Laboratoire Ecologie Fonctionnelle et Environnement UMR 5245 CNRS, Toulouse, France
| | | | - Nora Kipferler
- Ludwig-Maximilians University Munich, Aquatic Ecology, Munich, Germany
| | - Joséphine Leflaive
- Université de Toulouse, Laboratoire Ecologie Fonctionnelle et Environnement UMR 5245 CNRS, Toulouse, France
| | | | | |
Collapse
|