1
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Jin M, Liu H, Deng H, Yao H. Mobility and bio-accessibility of available phosphorus in sewage sludge: Influencing mechanism of hydrothermal pretreatment and incineration. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2025; 428:132429. [PMID: 40157579 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2025.132429] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/31/2024] [Revised: 03/06/2025] [Accepted: 03/18/2025] [Indexed: 04/01/2025]
Abstract
Accurate assessment and enhancement of phosphorus (P) availability are critical for land application of sewage sludge and its thermal-treated products. By simulating different functioning pathways of P in soil, a novel multivariable scheme was developed to evaluate P availability from the perspective of mobility and bio-accessibility, then was applied to investigate the effects of hydrothermal pretreatment (HT), carbonaceous skeleton-assisted HT (CSkel-HT), and incineration on this topic. Sludge contained predominantly slow-release and microbial-available P (>50.0 % of total P). HT and incineration reduced available P through filtrate discharge, organic-P decomposition, and Fe/Al-P volatilization. Surprisingly, CSkel-HT addition promoted soluble Ca/MgHPO4 and thermal-stable Fe/AlPO4 formation under acidic conditions, which not only retained the slow-release and microbial-available P in hydrochar and ash, but also increased the rapid-available and plant-available P contents by 25.0 % and 300.0 %. Our scheme provided more informative insights than traditional single-index methods, and revealed the enhancing mechanism of CSkel-HT on P availability.
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Affiliation(s)
- Minghao Jin
- School of Energy and Power Engineering, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430074, China
| | - Huan Liu
- School of Energy and Power Engineering, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430074, China.
| | - Hongping Deng
- School of Energy and Power Engineering, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430074, China
| | - Hong Yao
- School of Energy and Power Engineering, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430074, China
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2
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Zhang K, Mahmood Q, Lv J, Liang N, Zhu X, Li J, Cai J, Zheng P. Sulfide-based autotrophic denitrification process with efficient nitrogen removal under high salinity stress: Threshold behaviors and recovery enhanced via glutamate supplementation. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2025; 432:132667. [PMID: 40381811 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2025.132667] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/19/2025] [Revised: 05/10/2025] [Accepted: 05/10/2025] [Indexed: 05/20/2025]
Abstract
The sulfide-based autotrophic denitrification (SAD) has become one of the hotspots in the wastewater treatment due to the urgent requirement for carbon emission reduction. However, it faces a great challenge from the high salinity of nitrogenous wastewaters. In this study, a SAD system was investigated to treat the nitrogenous wastewater under high salinity stress, achieving 99.82 % nitrogen removal at 2.57 % salinity. With the further salinity elevation, the SAD system suffered collapse at the salinity of 5.14 %wt, while it was partially reversed by 1 mmol/L glutamate dosing. The good adaptation of SAD system to the high salinity stress was ascribed to the enrichment of salinity-tolerant microbial populations, as well as limited Na+ accumulation and the antioxidant metabolic compensation. Proteobacteria and Campilobacterota were identified as the dominant phyla, and the relative abundance of Proteobacteria were observed to increase with the whole salinity elevation. The high salinity stress on SAD system was ascribed to the combined effect of osmotic stress and ionic toxicity, and the ionic toxicity was inferred as the primary contributor to the performance collapse by inducing the sharp increase of intracellular reactive oxygen species and cellular rupture. Glutamate supplementation mitigated reactive oxygen species -induced oxidative stress and DNA damage, resulting in partial recovery of denitrification performance (60.56 ± 2.64 %). The microbial network analysis and community assembly supported above conclusions. The information of this study is helpful for the innovation and application of SAD processes, even other bioprocesses under the high salinity stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kaiyu Zhang
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Zhejiang Gongshang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Qaisar Mahmood
- Department of Environmental Sciences, COMSATS University Islamabad, Abbottabad Campus, Pakistan; Department of Biology, College of Science, University of Bahrain, Sakhir, Bahrain
| | - Jiayi Lv
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Zhejiang Gongshang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Na Liang
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Zhejiang Gongshang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Xiaopeng Zhu
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Zhejiang Gongshang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Jinye Li
- Department of Environmental Engineering, China Jiliang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Jing Cai
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Zhejiang Gongshang University, Hangzhou, China.
| | - Ping Zheng
- Department of Environmental Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
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3
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Dai Y, Wang B, Zhang M, Li W, Wang L, Zou Y, Peng Y. Thermal activation of peroxymonosulfate for enhanced volatile fatty acids production and phosphorus release during anaerobic fermentation of iron-rich sludge. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2025; 432:132653. [PMID: 40349794 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2025.132653] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2025] [Revised: 05/07/2025] [Accepted: 05/08/2025] [Indexed: 05/14/2025]
Abstract
Heat-peroxymonosulfate (PMS) pre-treatment was simultaneously used for phosphorus (P) release and volatile fatty acids (VFAs) production in this study. Maximum P concentrations increased from 10.3 ± 0.4 mg/L in PMS-0 to 246.1 ± 1.6 mg/L in PMS-0.8, with 41.4 % of total P released. VFAs production on day 5 increased from 2409.1 ± 30.8 mg chemical oxygen demand (COD)/L in PMS-0 to 2995.4 ± 86.5 mg COD/L in PMS-0.8. Metagenomic analysis showed that an increase in PMS dosage was detrimental to P release during polyphosphate hydrolysis by polyphosphate-accumulating organisms; functional genes involved in S cycling increased, suggesting that sulfate reduction was a critical cause of P release from iron-rich sludge during anaerobic fermentation (AF). These results provide important insights for the improvement of P release efficiency and acid production during AF, enhancing the potential for resource recovery from iron-rich sludge.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu Dai
- National Engineering Laboratory for Advanced Municipal Wastewater Treatment and Reuse Technology, Engineering Research Center of Beijing, Beijing University of Technology, Beijing 100124, PR China
| | - Bo Wang
- National Engineering Laboratory for Advanced Municipal Wastewater Treatment and Reuse Technology, Engineering Research Center of Beijing, Beijing University of Technology, Beijing 100124, PR China.
| | - Mianfeng Zhang
- National Engineering Laboratory for Advanced Municipal Wastewater Treatment and Reuse Technology, Engineering Research Center of Beijing, Beijing University of Technology, Beijing 100124, PR China
| | - Wenjie Li
- National Engineering Laboratory for Advanced Municipal Wastewater Treatment and Reuse Technology, Engineering Research Center of Beijing, Beijing University of Technology, Beijing 100124, PR China
| | - Lu Wang
- National Engineering Laboratory for Advanced Municipal Wastewater Treatment and Reuse Technology, Engineering Research Center of Beijing, Beijing University of Technology, Beijing 100124, PR China
| | - Yucheng Zou
- National Engineering Laboratory for Advanced Municipal Wastewater Treatment and Reuse Technology, Engineering Research Center of Beijing, Beijing University of Technology, Beijing 100124, PR China
| | - Yongzhen Peng
- National Engineering Laboratory for Advanced Municipal Wastewater Treatment and Reuse Technology, Engineering Research Center of Beijing, Beijing University of Technology, Beijing 100124, PR China
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4
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Xin X, Xie J, Cheng J, Li W, Liu Q, Wang Y, Li L, He J, Yang Y, Zhang L, Yan W. Enhancing concurrent production of volatile fatty acids and phosphorus minerals from waste activated sludge via magnesium ferrate pre-oxidation. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2025; 421:132156. [PMID: 39921004 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2025.132156] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2024] [Revised: 01/27/2025] [Accepted: 02/05/2025] [Indexed: 02/10/2025]
Abstract
This study investigated the strategy of magnesium ferrate (MF) pre-oxidation to enhance acidogenic fermentation of waste activated sludge (WAS), targeting the simultaneous production of volatile fatty acids (VFAs) and phosphorus-minerals (struvite and vivianite). Results showed that such fermentation produced a high-value liquid within four days, achieving a peak VFA content of 241 ± 4 mg COD/ g VSfeed, ammonia nitrogen levels below 350 mg/L of and PO43-P under 3 mg/L. Further investigation revealed that the MF pre-oxidation raised the pH, enhanced key hydrolases activity, enriched acidogens and iron-reducing bacteria for driving the concurrent production of VFAs and phosphorus-minerals. The MF pre-oxidation promoted VFAs and phosphorus-minerals formation by enhancing the cooperation among the hydrolyzing bacteria of Acinetobacter and Proteocatella, acidogens of Fusibacter and Tissierella_Soehngenia, and iron-reducing bacteria of Dechloromonas and Thauera. This study provided an effective strategy for realizing concurrent production of high-purity VFAs along with struvite and vivianite from WAS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaodong Xin
- Research Center for Eco-Environmental Engineering, Dongguan University of Technology, Dongguan 523808 PR China
| | - Jiaqian Xie
- Department of Environmental Science and Engineering, Huaqiao University, Xiamen 361021 PR China
| | - Jian Cheng
- China Northeast Municipal Engineering Design and Research Institute Co., Ltd., Changchun 130021 PR China
| | - Wei Li
- Research Center for Eco-Environmental Engineering, Dongguan University of Technology, Dongguan 523808 PR China
| | - Qian Liu
- Research Center for Eco-Environmental Engineering, Dongguan University of Technology, Dongguan 523808 PR China
| | - Yanfang Wang
- North China Municipal Engineering Design & Research Institute CO., LTD, Tianjin 300381 PR China
| | - Lin Li
- Key Laboratory of the Three Gorges Reservoir Region's Eco-environment, Ministry of Education, College of Environment and Ecology, Chongqing University, Chongqing 400045 PR China
| | - Junguo He
- School of Civil Engineering, Guangzhou University, Guangzhou 510006 PR China
| | - Yue Yang
- School of Environment, South China Normal University, Guangzhou 510006 PR China
| | - Liguo Zhang
- School of Environment, South China Normal University, Guangzhou 510006 PR China
| | - Wangwang Yan
- School of Ecology, Shenzhen Campus of Sun Yat-Sen University, Shenzhen, Guangdong 518107, PR China.
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5
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Luo J, Zhao C, Huang W, Wang F, Fang F, Su L, Wang D, Wu Y. A holistic valorization of treasured waste activated sludge for directional high-valued products recovery: Routes, key technologies and challenges. ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH 2024; 262:119904. [PMID: 39270963 DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2024.119904] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2024] [Revised: 08/26/2024] [Accepted: 08/30/2024] [Indexed: 09/15/2024]
Abstract
Global energy shortages and environmental crises underscore the imperative for a circular economy to tackle resource scarcity and waste management. The circular economy model encourages the recovery and reuse of valuable materials, reducing reliance on finite natural resources and lessening the environmental impact of waste disposal. Among urban organic solid wastes, waste activated sludge (WAS) emerges as a potent reservoir of untapped resources (including various inorganic and organic ones) offering significant potential for recovery. This review delves into a comprehensive analysis of directional valorization of WAS to recover high-valued products, including the inorganic matters (i.e. phosphorus, ammonia nitrogen, and heavy metals), organic resources (i.e. extracellular polymers like alginate and protein, volatile fatty acid, methane, hydrogen, and plant growth hormones) and reutilization of WAS residues for the preparation of adsorbent materials - the biochar. Moreover, the main recovery methodologies associated influencing parameters, product application, and attendant challenges for those diverse recovered resources are unveiled. Future research are encouraged to prioritize the development of integrated multi-resource recovery approaches, the establishment of regulatory frameworks to support resource recovery and product utilization, and the systematic evaluation of disposal strategies to foster a more sustainable and resource-efficient future. This work illuminates avenues for sustainable WAS management with high-valued resource recovery towards circular economy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jingyang Luo
- Key Laboratory of Integrated Regulation and Resource Development on Shallow Lakes, Ministry of Education, Hohai University, 1 Xikang Road, Nanjing, 210098, China; College of Environment, Hohai University, 1 Xikang Road, Nanjing, 210098, China.
| | - Chenxin Zhao
- Key Laboratory of Integrated Regulation and Resource Development on Shallow Lakes, Ministry of Education, Hohai University, 1 Xikang Road, Nanjing, 210098, China; College of Environment, Hohai University, 1 Xikang Road, Nanjing, 210098, China
| | - Wenxuan Huang
- Key Laboratory of Integrated Regulation and Resource Development on Shallow Lakes, Ministry of Education, Hohai University, 1 Xikang Road, Nanjing, 210098, China; College of Environment, Hohai University, 1 Xikang Road, Nanjing, 210098, China
| | - Feng Wang
- Key Laboratory of Integrated Regulation and Resource Development on Shallow Lakes, Ministry of Education, Hohai University, 1 Xikang Road, Nanjing, 210098, China; College of Environment, Hohai University, 1 Xikang Road, Nanjing, 210098, China
| | - Fang Fang
- Key Laboratory of Integrated Regulation and Resource Development on Shallow Lakes, Ministry of Education, Hohai University, 1 Xikang Road, Nanjing, 210098, China; College of Environment, Hohai University, 1 Xikang Road, Nanjing, 210098, China
| | - Lianghu Su
- Nanjing Institute of Environmental Sciences, Ministry of Ecology and Environment, Nanjing, 210042, China.
| | - Dongbo Wang
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering and Key Laboratory of Environmental Biology and Pollution Control (Ministry of Education), Hunan University, Changsha, 410082, China
| | - Yang Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tongji University, 1239 Siping Road, Shanghai, 200092, China.
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6
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Zhao L, Liu L, Liu X, Shu A, Zou W, Wang Z, Zhou Y, Huang C, Zhai Y, He H. Efficient phosphorus recovery from waste activated sludge: Pretreatment with natural deep eutectic solvent and recovery as vivianite. WATER RESEARCH 2024; 263:122161. [PMID: 39084092 DOI: 10.1016/j.watres.2024.122161] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2024] [Revised: 07/24/2024] [Accepted: 07/25/2024] [Indexed: 08/02/2024]
Abstract
Recycling phosphorus from waste activated sludge (WAS) is an effective method to address the nonrenewable nature of phosphorus and mitigate environmental pollution. To overcome the challenge of low phosphorus recovery from WAS due to insufficient disintegration, a method using a citric acid-based natural deep eutectic solvent (CA-NADES) assisted with low-temperature pretreatment was proposed to efficiently release and recover phosphorus. The results of 31P nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) confirmed that low-temperature pretreatment promoted the conversion of organic phosphorus (OP) to inorganic phosphorus (IP) and enhanced the effect of CA-NADES. Changes in the three-dimensional excitation-emission matrix (3D-EEM) and flow cytometry (FCM) indicated that the method of CA-NADES with low-temperature thermal simultaneously release IP and OP by disintegrating sludge flocs, dissolving extracellular polymeric substances (EPS) structure, and cracking cells. When 5 % (v/v) of CA-NADES was added and thermally treated at 60 °C for 30 min, 43 % of total phosphorus (TP) was released from the sludge. The concentrations of proteins and polysaccharides reached 826 and 331 mg/L, respectively, which were 6.30 and 14.43 times higher than those of raw sludge. The dewatering and settling of the sludge were also improved. Metals were either enriched in the solid phase or released into the liquid phase in small quantities (most efficiencies of less than 10 %) for subsequent clean recovery. The released phosphorus was successfully recovered as vivianite with a rate of 90 %. This study develops an efficient, green, and sustainable method for phosphorus recovery from sludge using NADES and provides new insights into the high-value conversion of sludge.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luna Zhao
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha 410082, China; Key Laboratory of Environmental Biology and Pollution Control (Hunan University), Ministry of Education, Changsha 410082, China
| | - Liming Liu
- Department of Civil and Earth Resources Engineering, Kyoto University, Kyoto 612-8236, Japan
| | - Xiaoping Liu
- School of Land Resources and Environment, Jiangxi Agricultural University, Nanchang 330045, China
| | - Aoqiang Shu
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha 410082, China; Key Laboratory of Environmental Biology and Pollution Control (Hunan University), Ministry of Education, Changsha 410082, China
| | - Wei Zou
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha 410082, China; Key Laboratory of Environmental Biology and Pollution Control (Hunan University), Ministry of Education, Changsha 410082, China
| | - Zhexian Wang
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha 410082, China; Key Laboratory of Environmental Biology and Pollution Control (Hunan University), Ministry of Education, Changsha 410082, China
| | - Yin Zhou
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha 410082, China; Key Laboratory of Environmental Biology and Pollution Control (Hunan University), Ministry of Education, Changsha 410082, China
| | - Cheng Huang
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha 410082, China; Key Laboratory of Environmental Biology and Pollution Control (Hunan University), Ministry of Education, Changsha 410082, China
| | - Yunbo Zhai
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha 410082, China; Key Laboratory of Environmental Biology and Pollution Control (Hunan University), Ministry of Education, Changsha 410082, China.
| | - Hongkui He
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha 410082, China; Key Laboratory of Environmental Biology and Pollution Control (Hunan University), Ministry of Education, Changsha 410082, China; Anhui Risewell Technology Limited Company, Bozhou 236800, China.
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7
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Ye M, Zhu A, Liu J, Li YY. Iron Recycle-Driven Organic Capture and Sidestream Anaerobic Membrane Bioreactor for Revolutionizing Bioenergy Generation in Municipal Wastewater Treatment. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY 2024; 58:9350-9360. [PMID: 38743617 DOI: 10.1021/acs.est.3c10954] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/16/2024]
Abstract
The practicality of intensifying organic matter capture for bioenergy recovery to achieve energy-neutral municipal wastewater treatment is hindered by the lack of sustainable methods. This study developed innovative processes integrating iron recycle-driven organic capture with a sidestream anaerobic membrane bioreactor (AnMBR). Iron-assisted chemically enhanced primary treatment achieved elemental redirection with 75.2% of chemical oxygen demand (COD), 20.2% of nitrogen, and 97.4% of phosphorus captured into the sidestream process as iron-enhanced primary sludge (Fe-PS). A stable and efficient biomethanation of Fe-PS was obtained in AnMBR with a high methane yield of 224 mL/g COD. Consequently, 64.1% of the COD in Fe-PS and 48.2% of the COD in municipal wastewater were converted into bioenergy. The acidification of anaerobically digested sludge at pH = 2 achieved a high iron release efficiency of 96.1% and a sludge reduction of 29.3% in total suspended solids. Ultimately, 87.4% of iron was recycled for coagulant reuse, resulting in a theoretical 70% reduction in chemical costs. The novel system evaluation exhibited a 75.2% improvement in bioenergy recovery and an 83.3% enhancement in net energy compared to the conventional system (primary sedimentation and anaerobic digestion). This self-reliant and novel process can be applied in municipal wastewater treatment to advance energy neutrality at a lower cost.
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Affiliation(s)
- Min Ye
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Graduate School of Engineering, Tohoku University, 6-6-06 Aramaki Aza Aoba, Aoba-ku, Sendai, Miyagi 980-8579, Japan
| | - Aijun Zhu
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Graduate School of Engineering, Tohoku University, 6-6-06 Aramaki Aza Aoba, Aoba-ku, Sendai, Miyagi 980-8579, Japan
| | - Jianyong Liu
- School of Environmental and Chemical Engineering, Shanghai University, 333 Nanchen Road, Shanghai 200444, China
| | - Yu-You Li
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Graduate School of Engineering, Tohoku University, 6-6-06 Aramaki Aza Aoba, Aoba-ku, Sendai, Miyagi 980-8579, Japan
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Li S, Zhang Y, Liu M, Du Z, Li J, Gu L, Xu L, Liu F. Ascorbic acid reduction pretreatment enhancing metal regulation to improve methane production from anaerobic digestion of waste activated sludge. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2024; 912:169185. [PMID: 38092219 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2023.169185] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2023] [Revised: 12/05/2023] [Accepted: 12/05/2023] [Indexed: 12/18/2023]
Abstract
Conversion of waste activated sludge (WAS) to methane by anaerobic digestion (AD) is often limited by the slow rate of hydrolysis, and the presence of metal ions in sludge is regarded as a critical factor hindering sludge hydrolysis. This study developed a novel strategy to remove Fe from WAS by using ascorbic acid (VC) as a reducing agent under acidic conditions. The feasibility of reduction pretreatment in improving methane production of AD and its intrinsic mechanism were investigated. Results indicate that, under VC doses of 100 mmol/L and pH of 3.50, pretreatment removed 47.60 % of Fe, 59.88 % of Ca, and 51.86 % of Mg contained in the sludge. The removal of metal ions facilitated the disruption of sludge flocculation structure and extracellular polymeric substance (EPS) layers, leading to a 14.78 % increase in cell lysis and a decrease in fractal dimension values to 2.08. Batch AD experiments showed that VC pretreatment improved methane production, with an optimized net methane yield of 190.22 mL/g·VS, an increase of 134.75 % compared to raw WAS. The pretreatment affected the interfacial interaction energy of the sludge, leading to a transformation in the sludge surfaces from hydrophilic to hydrophobic, reducing the interaction between sludge molecules and increasing the number of binding sites available for enzymatic reactions. According to a study of microbial communities, it was found that VC pretreatment caused an increase in the presence of essential functional microbes responsible for hydrolysis, acidification, and methanation. This increase in acetoclastic and hydrogenotrophic methanogens resulted in a substantial enhancement in methane production. These results can be used to develop better pretreatment methods to enhance AD performance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Siqi Li
- Key Laboratory of the Three Gorges Reservoir Region's Eco-environments, Ministry of Education, Institute of Environment and Ecology, Chongqing University, 174 Shapingba Road, Chongqing 400045, PR China
| | - Yu Zhang
- Key Laboratory of the Three Gorges Reservoir Region's Eco-environments, Ministry of Education, Institute of Environment and Ecology, Chongqing University, 174 Shapingba Road, Chongqing 400045, PR China
| | - Miao Liu
- Gastrointestinal Cancer Center, Chongqing University Cancer Hospital, 174 Shapingba Road, 400045, PR China
| | - Zexuan Du
- Key Laboratory of the Three Gorges Reservoir Region's Eco-environments, Ministry of Education, Institute of Environment and Ecology, Chongqing University, 174 Shapingba Road, Chongqing 400045, PR China
| | - Jinze Li
- Key Laboratory of the Three Gorges Reservoir Region's Eco-environments, Ministry of Education, Institute of Environment and Ecology, Chongqing University, 174 Shapingba Road, Chongqing 400045, PR China
| | - Li Gu
- Key Laboratory of the Three Gorges Reservoir Region's Eco-environments, Ministry of Education, Institute of Environment and Ecology, Chongqing University, 174 Shapingba Road, Chongqing 400045, PR China.
| | - Linji Xu
- Key Laboratory of the Three Gorges Reservoir Region's Eco-environments, Ministry of Education, Institute of Environment and Ecology, Chongqing University, 174 Shapingba Road, Chongqing 400045, PR China
| | - Feng Liu
- Key Laboratory of Agro-ecological Processes in Subtropical Regions, Changsha Research Station for Agricultural & Environmental Monitoring, Institute of Subtropical Agriculture, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hunan 410125, PR China
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9
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Zhang H, Zhang SS, Zhang W, Ma WC, Pan Y, Chen L, Zhu L, Li YP, Li JR. Clarification of the phosphorus release mechanism for recovering phosphorus from biofilm sludge in alternating aerobic/anaerobic biofilm system. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2023; 904:166811. [PMID: 37673249 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2023.166811] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2023] [Revised: 07/16/2023] [Accepted: 09/02/2023] [Indexed: 09/08/2023]
Abstract
A novel wastewater treatment plant process was constructed to overcome the challenge of simultaneous nitrate removal and phosphorus (P) recovery. The results revealed that the P and nitrate removal efficiency rose from 39.0 % and 48.4 % to 92.8 % and 93.6 % after 136 days of operation, and the total P content in the biofilm (TPbiofilm) rose from 15.8 mg/g SS to 57.8 mg/g SS. Moreover, the increase of TPbiofilm changed the metabolic mode of denitrifying polyphosphate accumulating organisms (DPAOs), increasing the P concentration of the enriched stream to 172.5 mg/L. Furthermore, the acid/alkaline fermentation led to the rupture of the cell membrane, which released poly-phosphate and ortho-phosphate of cell/EPS in DPAOs and released metal‑phosphorus (CaP and MgP). In addition, high-throughput sequencing analysis demonstrated that the relative abundance of DPAOs involved in P storage increased, wherein the abundance of Acinetobacter and Saprospiraceae rose from 8.0 % and 4.1 % to 16.1 % and 14.0 %. What's more, the highest P recovery efficiency (98.3 ± 1.1 %) could be obtained at optimal conditions for struvite precipitation (pH = 7.56 and P: N: Mg = 1.87:3.66:1) through the response surface method (RSM) simulation, and the precipitates test analysis indicated that P recovery from biofilm sludge was potentially operable. This research was of great essentiality for exploring the recovery of P from biofilm sludge.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hao Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Integrated Regulation and Resources Development on Shallow Lakes, Ministry of Education, Hohai University, Nanjing 210098, China; College of Environment, Hohai University, Nanjing 210098, China
| | - Shuang-Shuang Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Integrated Regulation and Resources Development on Shallow Lakes, Ministry of Education, Hohai University, Nanjing 210098, China; College of Environment, Hohai University, Nanjing 210098, China
| | - Wei Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Integrated Regulation and Resources Development on Shallow Lakes, Ministry of Education, Hohai University, Nanjing 210098, China; College of Environment, Hohai University, Nanjing 210098, China
| | - Wu-Cheng Ma
- Key Laboratory of Integrated Regulation and Resources Development on Shallow Lakes, Ministry of Education, Hohai University, Nanjing 210098, China; College of Environment, Hohai University, Nanjing 210098, China
| | - Yang Pan
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Suzhou University of Science and Technology, Suzhou 215009, China
| | - Lin Chen
- Key Laboratory of Integrated Regulation and Resources Development on Shallow Lakes, Ministry of Education, Hohai University, Nanjing 210098, China; College of Environment, Hohai University, Nanjing 210098, China
| | - Liang Zhu
- Key Laboratory of Integrated Regulation and Resources Development on Shallow Lakes, Ministry of Education, Hohai University, Nanjing 210098, China; College of Environment, Hohai University, Nanjing 210098, China.
| | - Yi-Ping Li
- Key Laboratory of Integrated Regulation and Resources Development on Shallow Lakes, Ministry of Education, Hohai University, Nanjing 210098, China; College of Environment, Hohai University, Nanjing 210098, China.
| | - Jing-Ru Li
- School of Civil Engineering and Communication, North China University of Water Resources and Electric Power, Zhengzhou 450046, China
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10
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Alnimer AA, Smith DS, Parker WJ. Phosphorus release and recovery by reductive dissolution of chemically precipitated phosphorus from simulated wastewater. CHEMOSPHERE 2023; 345:140500. [PMID: 37866501 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2023.140500] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2023] [Revised: 09/26/2023] [Accepted: 10/19/2023] [Indexed: 10/24/2023]
Abstract
Chemically mediated recovery of phosphorous (P) as vivianite from the sludges generated by chemical phosphorus removal (CPR) is a potential means of enhancing sustainability of wastewater treatment. This study marks an initial attempt to explore direct P release and recovery from lab synthetic Fe-P sludge via reductive dissolution using ascorbic acid (AA) under acidic conditions. The effects of AA/Fe molar ratio, age of Fe-P sludge and pH were examined to find the optimum conditions for Fe-P reductive solubilization and vivianite precipitation. The performance of the reductive, chelating, and acidic effects of AA toward Fe-P sludge were evaluated by comparison with hydroxylamine (reducing agent), oxalic acid (chelating agent), and inorganic acids (pH effect) including HNO3, HCl, and H2SO4. Full solubilization of Fe-P sludge and reduction of Fe3+ were observed at pH values 3 and 4 for two Fe/AA molar ratios of 1:2 and 1:4. Sludge age (up to 11 days) did not affect the reductive solubilization of Fe-P with AA addition. The reductive dissolution of Fe-P sludge with hydroxylamine was negligible, while both P (95 ± 2%) and Fe3+ (90 ± 1%) were solubilized through non-reductive dissolution by oxalic acid treatment at an Fe/oxalic acid molar ratio 1:2 and a pH 3. With sludge treatment with inorganic acids at pH 3, P and Fe release was very low (<10%) compared to AA and oxalic acid treatment. After full solubilization of Fe-P sludge by AA treatment at pH 3 it was possible to recover the phosphorus and iron as vivianite by simple pH adjustment to pH 7; P and Fe recoveries of 88 ± 2% and 90 ± 1% respectively were achieved in this manner. XRD analysis, Fe/P molar ratio measurements, and magnetic attraction confirmed vivianite formation. PHREEQC modeling showed a reasonable agreement with the measured release of P and Fe from Fe-P sludge and vivianite formation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aseel A Alnimer
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Wilfrid Laurier University, 75 University Ave. W., Waterloo, N2L 3C5, ON, Canada.
| | - D Scott Smith
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Wilfrid Laurier University, 75 University Ave. W., Waterloo, N2L 3C5, ON, Canada
| | - Wayne J Parker
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, University of Waterloo, 200 University Ave. W., Waterloo, N2L 3G1, ON, Canada
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Wang H, Li H, Zhu L, Yang X, Zhang Q, Wang Y, Wang D. Effect and mechanism of benzalkonium bromide on short chain fatty acid production from anaerobic sludge fermentation process. JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT 2023; 343:118203. [PMID: 37235988 DOI: 10.1016/j.jenvman.2023.118203] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2023] [Revised: 05/04/2023] [Accepted: 05/16/2023] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Abstract
Quaternary ammonium compounds (QACs) was frequently detected in wastewater treatment plants and leads to potential toxicity to the related biological processes. In this study, the effect of benzalkonium bromide (BK) on anaerobic sludge fermentation process for short chain fatty acid (SCFAs) production was investigated. Batch experiments indicated that BK exposure significantly enhanced the SCFAs production from anaerobic fermentation sludge and the maximum concentration of total SCFAs increased from 474.40 ± 12.35 mg/L to 916.42 ± 20.35 mg/L with BK increasing from 0 to 8.69 mg/g VSS. Mechanism exploration exhibited that the presence of BK enhanced much more bioavailable organic matters release, little affected on hydrolysis, acidification, but seriously inhibited methanogenesis. Microbial community investigation revealed that BK exposure importantly enhanced the relative abundances of hydrolytic-acidifying bacteria and also improved the metabolic pathways and functional genes for sludge lysis. This work further supplement the information for environmental toxicity of emerging pollutants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hongjie Wang
- Hebei Key Laboratory of Close-to-Nature Restoration Technology of Wetlands, School of Eco-Environment, Hebei University, Baoding, 071002, PR China; School of Life Science, Hebei University, Baoding, 071002, PR China; Institute of Xiong'an New Area, Hebei University, Baoding, 071002, PR China
| | - Hang Li
- Hebei Key Laboratory of Close-to-Nature Restoration Technology of Wetlands, School of Eco-Environment, Hebei University, Baoding, 071002, PR China; Institute of Xiong'an New Area, Hebei University, Baoding, 071002, PR China
| | - Lei Zhu
- Hebei Key Laboratory of Close-to-Nature Restoration Technology of Wetlands, School of Eco-Environment, Hebei University, Baoding, 071002, PR China; Institute of Xiong'an New Area, Hebei University, Baoding, 071002, PR China
| | - Xianglong Yang
- Hebei Key Laboratory of Close-to-Nature Restoration Technology of Wetlands, School of Eco-Environment, Hebei University, Baoding, 071002, PR China; Institute of Xiong'an New Area, Hebei University, Baoding, 071002, PR China
| | - Qiushuo Zhang
- Hebei Key Laboratory of Close-to-Nature Restoration Technology of Wetlands, School of Eco-Environment, Hebei University, Baoding, 071002, PR China; Institute of Xiong'an New Area, Hebei University, Baoding, 071002, PR China
| | - Yali Wang
- Hebei Key Laboratory of Close-to-Nature Restoration Technology of Wetlands, School of Eco-Environment, Hebei University, Baoding, 071002, PR China; School of Life Science, Hebei University, Baoding, 071002, PR China; Institute of Xiong'an New Area, Hebei University, Baoding, 071002, PR China.
| | - Dongbo Wang
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha, 410082, PR China; Key Laboratory of Environmental Biology and Pollution Control (Hunan University), Ministry of Education, Changsha, 410082, PR China
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