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Ranjana K, M M. Analysis of common allergens affecting patients with allergic rhinitis. Bioinformation 2023; 19:24-27. [PMID: 37720283 PMCID: PMC10504524 DOI: 10.6026/97320630019024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/01/2023] [Revised: 01/30/2023] [Accepted: 01/31/2023] [Indexed: 09/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Allergic rhinitis (AR) is an atopic disorder that affects the quality of life of the patients. AR symptoms include sneezing, nasal congestion, and mucus discharge. It is often associated with several other eye-, ear-, and nose-related symptoms along with fatigue and mood changes. The allergic reaction is triggered by an allergen. An understanding of the allergens that affect a patient is important for allergen avoidance, and ultimately, the treatment of AR. This study aimed to identify the common allergens affecting patients with AR. A total of 52 patients with AR were identified for this study. AR was diagnosed based on the presenting symptoms and measurement of IgE levels and absolute eosinophil counts. Skin prick tests (SPT) were performed to identify the allergen sensitivity of the patients. Patient history, family history, and a detailed account of the symptoms were recorded. Finally, correlation between family history and allergy severity was statistically evaluated. All patients presented symptoms of rhinitis with sinusitis and 61.5% of these were mild or moderate allergic. Few of the patients had ocular or otic symptoms. The duration of allergy was variable in these patients. A high proportion of patients were allergic to house dust mites (92.3%). The proportion of patients allergic to pollen, Parthenium, cockroach, cotton dust, and Aspergillus were 84.6%, 76.9%, 75%, 65.4%, and 61.5%, respectively. Around 71.2% of patients reported a family history of allergy. SPT severity was not associated with family history (p=0.266). This study successfully identifies the common allergens affecting patients with AR from Chennai, India. It highlights the importance of SPT for the identification of allergens in deciding the treatment regimen for AR.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kumari Ranjana
- ENT Department, Madha Medical College and Hospital, Kundrathur Main Road, Kovur, Thandalam, Tamil Nadu - 600122, India
| | - Maheshwari M
- ENT Department, ESI Dispensary, 19, Mandapam Rd, Aspiran Garden Colony, Kilpauk, Chennai, Tamil Nadu 600010, India
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Ren J, Pang W, Luo Y, Cheng D, Qiu K, Rao Y, Zheng Y, Dong Y, Peng J, Hu Y, Ying Z, Yu H, Zeng X, Zong Z, Liu G, Wang D, Wang G, Zhang W, Xu W, Zhao Y. Impact of Allergic Rhinitis and Asthma on COVID-19 Infection, Hospitalization, and Mortality. THE JOURNAL OF ALLERGY AND CLINICAL IMMUNOLOGY-IN PRACTICE 2021; 10:124-133. [PMID: 34728408 PMCID: PMC8556867 DOI: 10.1016/j.jaip.2021.10.049] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2021] [Revised: 10/21/2021] [Accepted: 10/21/2021] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Background It remains unclear if patients with allergic rhinitis (AR) and/or asthma are susceptible to corona virus disease 2019 (COVID-19) infection, severity, and mortality. Objective To investigate the role of AR and/or asthma in COVID-19 infection, severity, and mortality, and assess whether long-term AR and/or asthma medications affected the outcomes of COVID-19. Methods Demographic and clinical data of 70,557 adult participants completed SARS-CoV-2 testing between March 16 and December 31, 2020, in the UK Biobank were analyzed. The rates of COVID-19 infection, hospitalization, and mortality in relation to pre-existing AR and/or asthma were assessed based on adjusted generalized linear models. We further analyzed the impact of long-term AR and/or asthma medications on the risk of COVID-19 hospitalization and mortality. Results Patients with AR of all ages had lower positive rates of SARS-CoV-2 tests (relative risk [RR]: 0.75, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.69-0.81, P < .001), with lower susceptibility in males (RR: 0.74, 95% CI: 0.65-0.85, P < .001) than females (RR: 0.8, 95% CI: 0.72-0.9, P < .001). However, similar effects of asthma against COVID-19 hospitalization were only major in participants aged <65 (RR: 0.93, 95% CI: 0.86-1, P = .044) instead of elderlies. In contrast, patients with asthma tested positively had higher risk of hospitalization (RR: 1.42, 95% CI: 1.32-1.54, P < .001). Neither AR nor asthma had an impact on COVID-19 mortality. None of conventional medications for AR or asthma, for example, antihistamines, corticosteroids, or β2 adrenoceptor agonists, showed association with COVID-19 infection or severity. Conclusion AR (all ages) and asthma (aged <65) act as protective factors against COVID-19 infection, whereas asthma increases risk for COVID-19 hospitalization. None of the long-term medications had a significant association with infection, severity, and mortality of COVID-19 among patients with AR and/or asthma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jianjun Ren
- Department of Oto-Rhino-Laryngology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China; West China Biomedical Big Data Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China; Department of Biostatistics, Princess Margaret Cancer Centre and Dalla Lana School of Public Health, Toronto, ON, Canada; Department of Oto-Rhino-Laryngology, Langzhong People's Hospital, Langzhong, China
| | - Wendu Pang
- Department of Oto-Rhino-Laryngology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Yaxin Luo
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, West China School of Public Health and West China Fourth Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Danni Cheng
- Department of Oto-Rhino-Laryngology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Ke Qiu
- Department of Oto-Rhino-Laryngology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Yufang Rao
- Department of Oto-Rhino-Laryngology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Yongbo Zheng
- Department of Oto-Rhino-Laryngology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Yijun Dong
- Department of Oto-Rhino-Laryngology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Jiajia Peng
- Department of Oto-Rhino-Laryngology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Yao Hu
- West China Biomedical Big Data Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Zhiye Ying
- West China Biomedical Big Data Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Haopeng Yu
- West China Biomedical Big Data Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Xiaoxi Zeng
- West China Biomedical Big Data Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Zhiyong Zong
- Department of Infectious Diseases, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Geoffrey Liu
- Department of Medicine, Division of Medical Oncology and Hematology, Princess Margaret Cancer Center, University Health Network, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Deyun Wang
- Department of Otolaryngology, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, National University Health System, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Gang Wang
- Department of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Wei Zhang
- West China Biomedical Big Data Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China.
| | - Wei Xu
- Department of Biostatistics, Princess Margaret Cancer Centre and Dalla Lana School of Public Health, Toronto, ON, Canada.
| | - Yu Zhao
- Department of Oto-Rhino-Laryngology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China; West China Biomedical Big Data Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China.
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