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Xuan H, Zhong J, Wang X, Song Y, Shen R, Liu Y, Zhang S, Cai J, Liu M. GRAVEN: a database of teaching method that applies gestures to represent the neurosurgical approach's blood vessels and nerves. BMC MEDICAL EDUCATION 2024; 24:509. [PMID: 38715008 PMCID: PMC11077760 DOI: 10.1186/s12909-024-05512-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2023] [Accepted: 05/03/2024] [Indexed: 05/12/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND In this era of rapid technological development, medical schools have had to use modern technology to enhance traditional teaching. Online teaching was preferred by many medical schools. However due to the complexity of intracranial anatomy, it was challenging for the students to study this part online, and the students were likely to be tired of neurosurgery, which is disadvantageous to the development of neurosurgery. Therefore, we developed this database to help students learn better neuroanatomy. MAIN BODY The data were sourced from Rhoton's Cranial Anatomy and Surgical Approaches and Neurosurgery Tricks of the Trade in this database. Then we designed many hand gesture figures connected with the atlas of anatomy. Our database was divided into three parts: intracranial arteries, intracranial veins, and neurosurgery approaches. Each section below contains an atlas of anatomy, and gestures represent vessels and nerves. Pictures of hand gestures and atlas of anatomy are available to view on GRAVEN ( www.graven.cn ) without restrictions for all teachers and students. We recruited 50 undergraduate students and randomly divided them into two groups: using traditional teaching methods or GRAVEN database combined with above traditional teaching methods. Results revealed a significant improvement in academic performance in using GRAVEN database combined with traditional teaching methods compared to the traditional teaching methods. CONCLUSION This database was vital to help students learn about intracranial anatomy and neurosurgical approaches. Gesture teaching can effectively simulate the relationship between human organs and tissues through the flexibility of hands and fingers, improving anatomy interest and education.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hanwen Xuan
- Department of Neurosurgery, Neuroscience Institute, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Heilongjiang Academy of Medical Sciences, Harbin, 150086, China
- Future Medical Laboratory, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, 150086, China
| | - Junzhe Zhong
- Department of Neurosurgery, Neuroscience Institute, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Heilongjiang Academy of Medical Sciences, Harbin, 150086, China
- Future Medical Laboratory, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, 150086, China
| | - Xinyu Wang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Neuroscience Institute, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Heilongjiang Academy of Medical Sciences, Harbin, 150086, China
- Future Medical Laboratory, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, 150086, China
| | - Yu Song
- Department of Neurosurgery, Neuroscience Institute, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Heilongjiang Academy of Medical Sciences, Harbin, 150086, China
| | - Ruofei Shen
- Department of Neurosurgery, Neuroscience Institute, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Heilongjiang Academy of Medical Sciences, Harbin, 150086, China
| | - Yuxiang Liu
- Department of Neurosurgery, Neuroscience Institute, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Heilongjiang Academy of Medical Sciences, Harbin, 150086, China
| | - Sijia Zhang
- Department of Educational Administration, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, 150086, China.
| | - Jinquan Cai
- Department of Neurosurgery, Neuroscience Institute, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Heilongjiang Academy of Medical Sciences, Harbin, 150086, China.
| | - Meichen Liu
- Department of Modern Education Technology Center, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, 150086, China.
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Esen Aydin A, Gazioglu N, Tasiou A, Mihaylova S, Salokorpi N, Karampouga M, Broekman MLD, Janssen IK, Magnadottir HB, Somma T, Pajaj E, Hernandez Duran S, Vayssiere P, Rodríguez-Hernández A, Lambrianou X, Tsianaka E, Rosseau G, Murphy M. European Medical Students' Views on Neurosurgery, with Emphasis on South-East Europe (Albania, Greece, Serbia, and Turkey). World Neurosurg 2024; 185:e523-e531. [PMID: 38382757 DOI: 10.1016/j.wneu.2024.02.065] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2024] [Revised: 02/11/2024] [Accepted: 02/12/2024] [Indexed: 02/23/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Neurosurgery, an intricate and dynamic surgical specialty, faces challenges in attracting medical graduates. Despite its potential appeal, a decreasing trend in medical students opting for surgical specialties, including neurosurgery, is noted. This study aims to assess European medical students' perceptions of neurosurgery, focusing on South-East Europe, and address concerns about the declining interest in this field. METHODS A comprehensive digital survey, comprising 33 questions, was distributed to 1115 medical students across 17 European countries. The survey, conducted over 9 months, gathered responses through European neurosurgical societies, the European Association of Neurosurgical Societies (EANS), and university channels. Statistical analysis utilized IBM Statistical Package for the Social Sciences, presenting data through counts, proportions, and χ2 tests. RESULTS The study reveals that, over the survey period, 834 medical students completed the questionnaire, with a predominant representation from South-East Europe. While 43.2% of participants were considering a surgical career, neurosurgery emerged as the most preferred specialty (26.37%). Despite this interest, 80.2% reported insufficient knowledge about pursuing a neurosurgical career, with limited exposure during medical education. Concerns about work-life balance, heavy workload, and hierarchical structures were prominent among respondents. CONCLUSIONS The findings underscore the need for targeted interventions to address concerns influencing medical students' decisions regarding neurosurgery. Improving neurosurgical education, dispelling misconceptions, and creating a supportive work environment are crucial steps to attract and retain diverse talented individuals in neurosurgery. These efforts will be vital in narrowing the gap between the demand for neurosurgeons and the number of medical graduates entering the field, ensuring a sustainable future for this essential surgical specialty.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aysegul Esen Aydin
- Department of Neurosurgery, Arnavutkoy State Hospital, Istanbul, Turkey.
| | - Nurperi Gazioglu
- Department of Neurosurgery, Medical Faculty, Istinye University, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Anastasia Tasiou
- Department of Neurosurgery, University Hospital of Larissa, Larissa, Greece
| | - Stiliana Mihaylova
- Clinic of Neurosurgery, St. Ivan Rilski University Hospital, Medical University of Sofia, Sofia, Bulgaria
| | - Niina Salokorpi
- Department of Neurosurgery, Oulu University Hospital, Oulu, Finland, and Research Unit of Clinical Neuroscience, Medical Research Center, Oulu University, Oulu, Finland
| | - Maria Karampouga
- Neurosurgery Department, Nicosia General Hospital, Nicosia, Cyprus
| | - Marike L D Broekman
- Department of Neurosurgery, Haaglanden Medical Center and Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Insa K Janssen
- Department of Neurosurgery, HôpitauxUniversitaires de Genève, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Hulda B Magnadottir
- Department of Neurosurgery, Upper Valley Neurology Neurosurgery, Lebanon, New Hampshire, USA
| | - Teresa Somma
- Division of Neurosurgery, Department of Neurosciences, Reproductive and Odontostomatological Sciences, Università Degli Studi Di Napoli Federico II, Naples, Italy
| | - Ermira Pajaj
- Department of Neurosurgery, Spitali Rajonal Memorial Fier, Fier, Albania
| | | | - Pia Vayssiere
- Department of Neurosurgery, Hôpitaux Universitaires de Genève (HUG), Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Ana Rodríguez-Hernández
- Department of Neurological Surgery, Germans Trias i Pujol University Hospital, Universidad Autónoma, Barcelona, Spain
| | | | - Eleni Tsianaka
- Neurosurgery Department, International Hospital, Salmiya, Kuwait
| | - Gail Rosseau
- Department of Neurosurgery, George Washington University School of Medicine and Health SciencesWashington, Washington, District of Columbia, USA
| | - Mary Murphy
- Department of Neurosurgery, National Hospital for Neurology and Neurosurgery, London, United Kingdom
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Al Sadah ZM, Altalib AA, Al-Jehani HM. Neurosurgery in Saudi Arabia: Navigating Through Future Pathways and Students' Perspectives. World Neurosurg 2024:S1878-8750(24)00713-7. [PMID: 38685344 DOI: 10.1016/j.wneu.2024.04.140] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2024] [Accepted: 04/22/2024] [Indexed: 05/02/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Neurosurgery is a surgical discipline that demands comprehensive knowledge in other specialties. It is regarded as one of the most competitive specialties. However, there is a new trend toward considering life-style friendly specialties. Therefore, this study aims to assess the neurosurgery perception and identify potential factors influencing such attitudes. METHODS An observational, survey-based study was conducted on medical students at the College of Medicine, Imam Abdulrahman bin Faisal University, Dammam, Saudi Arabia. An online-based questionnaire was administered to the participants. It consisted of 2 main parts: the first part collected demographic data, while the second part included 20 Likert scale-based questions. Pearson's χ2 test was utilized, with statistical significance set at P < 0.05. RESULTS A total of 305 medical students from various academic years participated in the questionnaire survey, with nearly an equal gender distribution. Remarkably, a significant majority (76.72%) expressed uncertainty or disagreement regarding the adequacy of neurosurgery education during their medical studies. While a substantial portion of participants (69.5%) found neurosurgery intriguing, almost half (47.87%) indicated that they would not pursue it as their future specialty. The consideration of neurosurgery as a career path showed statistically significant differences in relation to both gender and academic year (P = 0.009 and P < 0.001, respectively). CONCLUSIONS This study emphasizes how gender and academic year affect choosing neurosurgery as a career but notes limitations like self-reporting bias and a single-institution scope, which may affect generalizability. Future research might consider national summer training programs to engage more students in neurosurgery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhra Muneer Al Sadah
- College of Medicine, Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal University, Dammam, Saudi Arabia
| | - Amer Ayman Altalib
- College of Medicine, Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal University, Dammam, Saudi Arabia
| | - Hosam Maher Al-Jehani
- Department of Neurosurgery, King Fahd Hospital of the University, Al Khobar, Saudi Arabia.
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Ashraf M, Ismahel H, Shah D, Middleton EES, Gardee A, Chaudhary A, Salloum LA, Evans V, Nelson-Hughes M, Cheng Y, Goonewardena E, Ball E, Minnis M, Anyaegbunam GK, Salim O, Bashir ABBA, Hay S, Ismahel N, Ismahel S, Mackenzie I, Wang W, Shew W, Wynne S, Doherty J, Hassan S, Brown J, Bhattathiri P, Davidson A, Alakandy L. Shaping Perceptions and Inspiring Future Neurosurgeons: The Value of a Hands-On Simulated Aneurysm Clipping Workshops at a Student-Organized Neurosurgical Conference. Asian J Neurosurg 2024; 19:26-36. [PMID: 38751389 PMCID: PMC11093635 DOI: 10.1055/s-0043-1778634] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/18/2024] Open
Abstract
Objective Early exposure to niche specialities, like neurosurgery, is essential to inform decisions about future training in these specialities. This study assesses the impact of a hands-on simulated aneurysm clipping workshop on medical students' and junior doctors' perceptions of neurosurgery at a student-organized neurosurgical conference. Methods Ninety-six delegates were sampled from a hands-on workshop involving hydrogel three-dimensional printed aneurysms clipping using surgical microscopes. Consultant neurosurgeons facilitated the workshop. Changes in delegates' perceptions of neurosurgery were collected using Likert scale and free-text responses postconference. Results Postworkshop, 82% of participants reported a positive impact on their perception of neurosurgery. Thematic analysis revealed that delegates valued the hands-on experience, exposure to microsurgery, and interactions with consultant neurosurgeons. Thirty-six of the 96 delegates (37.5%) expressed that the workshop dispelled preconceived fears surrounding neurosurgery and improved understanding of a neurosurgeon's day-to-day tasks. Several delegates initially apprehensive about neurosurgery were now considering it as a career. Conclusion Hands-on simulated workshops can effectively influence medical students' and junior doctors' perceptions of neurosurgery, providing valuable exposure to the specialty. By providing a valuable and immersive introduction to the specialty, these workshops can help to dispel misconceptions, fears, and apprehensions associated with neurosurgery, allowing them to consider the specialty to a greater degree than before. This study of a one-time workshop cannot effectively establish its long-term impact on said perceptions, however.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohammad Ashraf
- Glasgow Neuro Society, Wolfson School of Medicine, University of Glasgow, Scotland, United Kingdom
- Department of Neurosurgery, Institute of Neurological Sciences, Queen Elizabeth University Hospital, Glasgow, United Kingdom
| | - Hassan Ismahel
- Glasgow Neuro Society, Wolfson School of Medicine, University of Glasgow, Scotland, United Kingdom
| | - Devansh Shah
- Glasgow Neuro Society, Wolfson School of Medicine, University of Glasgow, Scotland, United Kingdom
| | | | - Ameerah Gardee
- Glasgow Neuro Society, Wolfson School of Medicine, University of Glasgow, Scotland, United Kingdom
| | - Attika Chaudhary
- Glasgow Neuro Society, Wolfson School of Medicine, University of Glasgow, Scotland, United Kingdom
| | - Laulwa Al Salloum
- Glasgow Neuro Society, Wolfson School of Medicine, University of Glasgow, Scotland, United Kingdom
| | - Vivienne Evans
- Glasgow Neuro Society, Wolfson School of Medicine, University of Glasgow, Scotland, United Kingdom
| | - Meaghan Nelson-Hughes
- Glasgow Neuro Society, Wolfson School of Medicine, University of Glasgow, Scotland, United Kingdom
| | - Yihui Cheng
- Glasgow Neuro Society, Wolfson School of Medicine, University of Glasgow, Scotland, United Kingdom
| | - Eranga Goonewardena
- Glasgow Neuro Society, Wolfson School of Medicine, University of Glasgow, Scotland, United Kingdom
| | - Emma Ball
- Glasgow Neuro Society, Wolfson School of Medicine, University of Glasgow, Scotland, United Kingdom
| | - Meghan Minnis
- Glasgow Neuro Society, Wolfson School of Medicine, University of Glasgow, Scotland, United Kingdom
| | | | - Omar Salim
- Glasgow Neuro Society, Wolfson School of Medicine, University of Glasgow, Scotland, United Kingdom
| | | | - Sophie Hay
- Glasgow Neuro Society, Wolfson School of Medicine, University of Glasgow, Scotland, United Kingdom
| | - Nadeen Ismahel
- Glasgow Neuro Society, Wolfson School of Medicine, University of Glasgow, Scotland, United Kingdom
| | - Sophia Ismahel
- Strathclyde Institute of Pharmacy & Biomedical Sciences, University of Strathclyde, Glasgow, United Kingdom
| | | | | | - Wenmiao Shew
- Organlike Limited, Scotland, United Kingdom
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Strathclyde, Glasgow, United Kingdom
| | - Simon Wynne
- Carl Zeiss UK Ltd, Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | - John Doherty
- Aesculap Division, B. Braun Medical Ltd, Sheffield, United Kingdom
| | - Samih Hassan
- Glasgow Neuro Society, Wolfson School of Medicine, University of Glasgow, Scotland, United Kingdom
- Department of Neurosurgery, Institute of Neurological Sciences, Queen Elizabeth University Hospital, Glasgow, United Kingdom
| | - Jennifer Brown
- Department of Neurosurgery, Institute of Neurological Sciences, Queen Elizabeth University Hospital, Glasgow, United Kingdom
| | - Parameswaran Bhattathiri
- Department of Neurosurgery, Institute of Neurological Sciences, Queen Elizabeth University Hospital, Glasgow, United Kingdom
| | - Amy Davidson
- Glasgow Neuro Society, Wolfson School of Medicine, University of Glasgow, Scotland, United Kingdom
- Department of Neurology, Institute of Neurological Sciences, Queen Elizabeth University Hospital, Glasgow, United Kingdom
| | - Likhith Alakandy
- Glasgow Neuro Society, Wolfson School of Medicine, University of Glasgow, Scotland, United Kingdom
- Department of Neurosurgery, Institute of Neurological Sciences, Queen Elizabeth University Hospital, Glasgow, United Kingdom
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Hutton D, Ashraf M, Sescu D, Ismahel H, Hepburn K, Lumsden E, Wright P, Chai C, Helley M, McSorley N, Mohamed B, Abdulrahman M, Page B, Porter R, Bodkin P, Okasha M. Dundee Annual Neurosurgery Skills Event (DANSE)-Improving the Availability and Affordability of Neurosurgical Skills Workshops for Medical Students. Asian J Neurosurg 2024; 19:63-72. [PMID: 38751396 PMCID: PMC11093633 DOI: 10.1055/s-0044-1785481] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/18/2024] Open
Abstract
Background Neurosurgery can be a daunting career choice for medical students, with preparation for trainee application often being inaccessible and expensive. This article describes a student-led neurosurgical skills event supported by local neurosurgery faculty members. Such event was designed to offer a means to bridge this gap by providing an opportunity to practice neurosurgical techniques in simulation, and learn about what a career in neurosurgery involves. Methods Pre- and postskills laboratory surveys were used to ascertain the baseline confidence and knowledge of common neurosurgical techniques, as well as to what both the application to neurosurgery and the typical workload of a neurosurgeon involves. The conference offered six neurosurgical workshops as well as three lectures to provide practical and theoretical learning opportunities. The session included introduction to the candidates and faculty, identification of learning objectives, and career discussion. Postcourse feedback also was also used to assess learning outcomes. Results Eighteen students attended the event. Postskills event, students were significantly more likely to understand the principles behind all of the relevant neurosurgical skills included on the day. Additionally, students were more likely to understand what a career in neurosurgery involves, and how to approach applying for a training number. Respondents enjoyed the workshops, valued hands-on experience and interactions with consultants, found it affordable, and would recommend to their peers. Conclusions For medical students interested in a career in neurosurgery, opportunities to learn relevant techniques and skills are often expensive and difficult to come across. Here, we highlight affordable methods of simulation to result in significant student satisfaction. Additionally, providing ample opportunity to practice different neurosurgical techniques under almost 1:1 level tutoring enables significant increases in students' confidence and understanding of different neurosurgical concepts. We greatly encourage other medical student groups to develop their own hands-on simulation events to attract medical students to a surgical field often considered daunting and inaccessible, and address gaps in the medical school curriculum.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dana Hutton
- The Royal Victoria Hospital, Newcastle Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Newcastle Upon Tyne, United Kingdom
- School of Medicine, University of Dundee, Ninewells Hospital and Medical School, Dundee, United Kingdom
| | - Mohammed Ashraf
- Glasgow Neuro Society, Wolfson School of Medicine, University of Glasgow, Scotland, United Kingdom
- Queen Elizabeth University Hospital Glasgow, United Kingdom
| | - Daniel Sescu
- School of Medicine, University of Aberdeen, Aberdeen, United Kingdom
| | - Hassan Ismahel
- Glasgow Neuro Society, Wolfson School of Medicine, University of Glasgow, Scotland, United Kingdom
- Queen Elizabeth University Hospital Glasgow, United Kingdom
| | - Katie Hepburn
- School of Medicine, University of Dundee, Ninewells Hospital and Medical School, Dundee, United Kingdom
| | - Emma Lumsden
- School of Medicine, University of Dundee, Ninewells Hospital and Medical School, Dundee, United Kingdom
| | - Poppy Wright
- School of Medicine, University of Dundee, Ninewells Hospital and Medical School, Dundee, United Kingdom
| | - Carmen Chai
- School of Medicine, University of Dundee, Ninewells Hospital and Medical School, Dundee, United Kingdom
| | - Michael Helley
- Department of Neurosurgery, Ninewells Hospital and Medical School, Dundee, United Kingdom
| | - Nathan McSorley
- Glasgow Neuro Society, Wolfson School of Medicine, University of Glasgow, Scotland, United Kingdom
| | - Belal Mohamed
- Department of Neurosurgery, Ninewells Hospital and Medical School, Dundee, United Kingdom
| | - Mohammed Abdulrahman
- Department of Neurosurgery, Ninewells Hospital and Medical School, Dundee, United Kingdom
| | - Beverley Page
- Department of Neurosurgery, Ninewells Hospital and Medical School, Dundee, United Kingdom
| | - Roslyn Porter
- Department of Neurosurgery, Ninewells Hospital and Medical School, Dundee, United Kingdom
| | - Peter Bodkin
- Department of Neurosurgery, Aberdeen Royal Infirmary, NHS Grampian, Aberdeen, Scotland
| | - Mohamed Okasha
- Department of Neurosurgery, Ninewells Hospital and Medical School, Dundee, United Kingdom
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Silvero Isidre A, Friederichs H, Müther M, Gallus M, Stummer W, Holling M. Mixed Reality as a Teaching Tool for Medical Students in Neurosurgery. MEDICINA (KAUNAS, LITHUANIA) 2023; 59:1720. [PMID: 37893438 PMCID: PMC10608296 DOI: 10.3390/medicina59101720] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2023] [Revised: 09/03/2023] [Accepted: 09/21/2023] [Indexed: 10/29/2023]
Abstract
Background and Objectives: Simulation-based learning within neurosurgery provides valuable and realistic educational experiences in a safe environment, enhancing the current teaching model. Mixed reality (MR) simulation can deliver a highly immersive experience through head-mounted displays and has become one of the most promising teaching tools in medical education. We aimed to identify whether an MR neurosurgical simulation module within the setting of an undergraduate neurosurgical hands-on course could improve the satisfaction of medical students. Materials and Methods: The quasi-experimental study with 223 medical students [120 in the conventional group (CG) and 103 in the MR-group (MRG)] was conducted at the University Hospital Münster, Münster, Germany. An MR simulation module was presented to the intervention group during an undergraduate neurosurgical hands-on course. Images of a skull fracture were reconstructed into 3D formats compatible with the MR-Viewer (Brainlab, Munich, Germany). Participants could interact virtually with the model and plan a surgical strategy using Magic Leap goggles. The experience was assessed by rating the course on a visual analog scale ranging from 1 (very poor) to 100 (very good) and an additional Likert-scale questionnaire. Results: The satisfaction score for CG and MRG were 89.3 ± 13.3 and 94.2 ± 7.5, respectively. The Wilcoxon rank-sum test showed that MR users (Mdn = 97.0, IQR = 4, n = 103) were significantly more satisfied than CG users (Mdn = 93.0, IQR = 10, n = 120; ln(W) = 8.99, p < 0.001) with moderate effect size (r^biserial = 0.30, CI95 [0.15, 0.43]), thus indicating that the utilization of MR-simulation is associated with greater satisfaction. Conclusions: This study reports a positive response from medical students towards MR as an educational tool. Feedback from the medical students encourages the adoption of disruptive technologies into medical school curricula.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Michael Müther
- Department for Neurosurgery, University Hospital Münster, 48149 Münster, Germany
| | - Marco Gallus
- Department for Neurosurgery, University Hospital Münster, 48149 Münster, Germany
| | - Walter Stummer
- Department for Neurosurgery, University Hospital Münster, 48149 Münster, Germany
| | - Markus Holling
- Department for Neurosurgery, University Hospital Münster, 48149 Münster, Germany
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Pahwa B, Tayal A, Shukla A. Learnings from Asia's first ever medical student neurosurgery Conference: NEUROFEST, 2022. J Clin Neurosci 2023; 115:114-120. [PMID: 37544206 DOI: 10.1016/j.jocn.2023.07.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2023] [Revised: 07/24/2023] [Accepted: 07/25/2023] [Indexed: 08/08/2023]
Abstract
The study lays out the design and learnings of Neurofest, Asia's first ever medical student Neurosurgery conference organized by Walter E Dandy Medical Student Neurosurgery Club, India. Neurofest was conducted in October 2022 inclusive of various events: workshops, talks and contests. An online post-conference questionnaire was disseminated among the delegates to record their experience and feedback for the conference. Statistical analysis was performed using SPSS with a level of significance p < 0.05. Of the 158 total delegates, 65.2% (n = 103) participated in this study. The majority of the responders were satisfied with the events at the conference. 85.4% (n = 88) of the respondents reported an increased interest in neurosurgery, probably due to the quality of workshops (p = 0.004), talks by faculty (p = 0.023), contacts with the faculty (p = 0.025) and confidence in approaching a faculty (p < 0.001). 92.2% (n = 95) of the respondents claimed to recommend Neurofest to their colleagues. The reasons for this were found to be the quality of workshops (p = 0.001) and confidence in approaching a faculty (p = 0.030). Nearly all respondents believed that such conferences are important in empowering medical students (n = 100, 97.1%). Similar conferences are required to provide medical students with early exposure to neurosurgery. In the future, continued research is required to optimize neurosurgical conferences and endorse the prospect of neurosurgery as a career option in Lower-Middle Income countries.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bhavya Pahwa
- Organizing Chairperson, Neurofest; Founding President, Walter E. Dandy Neurosurgical Club, India; Department of Neurosurgery, University College of Medical Sciences and GTB Hospital, Delhi, India.
| | - Anish Tayal
- Medical Student, University College of Medical Sciences and GTB Hospital, Delhi, India
| | - Anushruti Shukla
- Medical Student, University College of Medical Sciences and GTB Hospital, Delhi, India
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Imediegwu KU, Aham KA, Ezeaku AM, Tietie EU, Onyebuchukwu CQ, Nwagwu ID, Asuquo B, Odaman AO, Okeke KC, Onyejesi CD. Assessment of the Adequacy of Neurosurgery Teaching Methods among Medical Students in Enugu State, Nigeria. JOURNAL OF THE WEST AFRICAN COLLEGE OF SURGEONS 2023; 13:36-42. [PMID: 37538214 PMCID: PMC10395848 DOI: 10.4103/jwas.jwas_303_22] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2022] [Accepted: 03/21/2023] [Indexed: 08/05/2023]
Abstract
Background Various educational neurosurgery teaching methods are employed across few Nigerian universities, especially Enugu state. Aims To determine the adequacy of current neurosurgery teaching methods, factors influencing eventual choice of neurosurgery amongst final year medical students in Enugu state, Nigeria and suggest improvement methods towards best global standards. Materials and Methods This was an online cross-sectional study conducted among final year medical students currently on Neurosurgery rotation in Enugu state, Nigeria using a validated questionnaire. Data was analyzed (inferential and deferential) using SPSS; chi-squares values were calculated. Significance was set at p value <0.05 and measures were put in place to limit bias. Results 106 students filled and submitted the form with a response rate of 72.60%. Most respondents revealed that their universities had mandatory neurosurgery rotations. Majority affirmed that a general poor learning environment (75%) was the major obstacle to standard teaching. About 49% had interest in specializing in surgery but only 18% have interest in neurosurgery as a future sub-specialty choice. Positively, majority (90.6%) alluded to having qualified teachers, with 43.4% of them advocating for improved training of the teachers. There was a significant correlation between choice of specialty and the students' monthly income (less than N10, 000 had a p: 0.003). Other factors that were positively correlated in eventual choice as their future desired subspecialty include poor exposure to clinical neurosurgery cases (p: 0.020) and little or no exposure of students to neurosurgery research opportunities (p: 0.024). Conclusion/Recommendations The current neurosurgical teaching methods in Enugu state are not fully optimal yet. There is a need for some improvement in current learning environment and teaching methods to improve the students' understanding of neurosurgery and eventual increased interest in final choice of neurosurgery as their desired subspecialty.
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Ashraf M, Ismahel H, Lub S, Gardee A, Evans VE, Middleton EES, Chaudhary A, Cheema HA, Shahid A, Salloum LA, Szilagyi-Nagy E, Omar S, Mathieson C, Baird TA, O'Kane R, Ashraf N. Role of a medical student neuro-society organized neurosurgical conference: The Glasgow neuro experience. Surg Neurol Int 2023; 14:70. [PMID: 36895225 PMCID: PMC9990638 DOI: 10.25259/sni_755_2022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/19/2022] [Accepted: 02/13/2023] [Indexed: 03/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Entering neurosurgical training in the United Kingdom demands extensive prior commitment and achievement, despite little to no exposure to the specialty in medical school. Conferences run by student "neuro-societies" offer a means to bridge this gap. This paper describes one student-led neuro-society's experience of curating a 1-day national neurosurgical conference supported by our neurosurgical department. Methods A pre-and post-conference survey was distributed to attendees to ascertain baseline opinions and conference impact using a five-point Likert Scale, and free text questions explored medical students' opinions of neurosurgery and neurosurgical training. The conference offered four lectures and three workshops; the latter provided practical skills and networking opportunities. There were also 11 posters displayed throughout the day. Results 47 medical students participated in our study. Post-conference, participants were more likely to understand what a neurosurgical career involves and how to secure training. They also reported increased knowledge about neurosurgery research, electives, audits, and project opportunities. Respondents enjoyed the workshops provided and suggested the inclusion of more female speakers in future. Conclusion Neurosurgical conferences organized by student neuro-societies successfully address the gap between a lack of neurosurgery exposure and a competitive training selection. These events give medical students an initial understanding of a neurosurgical career through lectures and practical workshops; attendees also gain insight into attaining relevant achievements and have an opportunity to present research. Student neuro-society-organized conferences have the potential to be adopted internationally and used as a tool to educate on a global level and greatly aid medical students who are aspiring neurosurgeons.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohammad Ashraf
- Glasgow Neuro Society, Wolfson School of Medicine, University of Glasgow, Scotland, United Kingdom
| | - Hassan Ismahel
- Glasgow Neuro Society, Wolfson School of Medicine, University of Glasgow, Scotland, United Kingdom
| | - Sytske Lub
- Glasgow Neuro Society, Wolfson School of Medicine, University of Glasgow, Scotland, United Kingdom
| | - Ameerah Gardee
- Glasgow Neuro Society, Wolfson School of Medicine, University of Glasgow, Scotland, United Kingdom
| | - Vivienne Eloise Evans
- Glasgow Neuro Society, Wolfson School of Medicine, University of Glasgow, Scotland, United Kingdom
| | | | - Attika Chaudhary
- Glasgow Neuro Society, Wolfson School of Medicine, University of Glasgow, Scotland, United Kingdom
| | | | - Abia Shahid
- School of Medicine, King Edward Medical University, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Laulwa Al Salloum
- Glasgow Neuro Society, Wolfson School of Medicine, University of Glasgow, Scotland, United Kingdom
| | - Eva Szilagyi-Nagy
- Glasgow Neuro Society, Wolfson School of Medicine, University of Glasgow, Scotland, United Kingdom
| | - Samia Omar
- Glasgow Neuro Society, Wolfson School of Medicine, University of Glasgow, Scotland, United Kingdom
| | - Calan Mathieson
- Department of Neurosurgery, Institute of Neurological Sciences, Queen Elizabeth University Hospital Glasgow, Glasgow, United Kingdom
| | - Tracey Anne Baird
- Department of Neurology, Institute of Neurological Sciences, Queen Elizabeth University Hospital Glasgow, Glasgow, United Kingdom
| | - Roddy O'Kane
- Department of Neurosurgery, Institute of Neurological Sciences, Queen Elizabeth University Hospital Glasgow, Glasgow, United Kingdom
| | - Naveed Ashraf
- Department of Neurosurgery, Allama Iqbal Medical College, Jinnah Hospital Lahore, Lahore, Pakistan
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Shlobin NA, Radwanski RE, Sandhu MRS, Rosseau G, Dahdaleh NS. Increasing Equity in Medical Student Neurosurgery Education Through Distance Learning. World Neurosurg 2022; 163:187-196.e8. [PMID: 35729820 DOI: 10.1016/j.wneu.2021.09.032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/08/2021] [Revised: 09/06/2021] [Accepted: 09/07/2021] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Addressing equitable opportunities for medical student (MS) education is important for minimizing disparities in neurosurgical care. However, international MSs, particularly from low- and middle-middle income countries (LMICs) may lack access to educational opportunities compared with their contemporaries in high-income countries. We compare the usefulness of virtual neurosurgery training camps (VNTC) between U.S. and international MSs. METHODS A survey assessing demographics, baseline interests, and ratings of usefulness was sent to attendees after the VNTC. Ratings were compared between international and U.S. MSs. RESULTS Thirty-three (27.7%) of 119 attendees were international MSs, of whom 24 (72.7%) were from LMICs. International MSs were more likely to hold an advanced degree (P = 0.0009), more likely to be MS3/MS4s (P = 0.0111) or postdoctoral (P < 0.0001), and less likely to be MS1/MS2s (P = 0.0059). After the VNTC, international MSs reported greater increase in interest in neurosurgery in general (P = 0.0009) and subspecialties of spine (P = 0.0002), peripheral nerve (P = 0.002), vascular (P = 0.0468), functional/epilepsy (P = 0.001), pediatric (P = 0.0285), and trauma/neurocritical care (P = 0.0067). International MSs reported greater post-VNTC willingness to pursue a career in neurosurgery (P = 0.0001), likelihood of taking a year off during medical school (P = 0.0363), and preparedness for subinternships (P = 0.0003). International MSs reported greater increases in awareness of burnout (P = 0.0157) and work-life balance in neurosurgery (P = 0.0249). CONCLUSIONS International MSs experience prolonged periods of education before applying to residency and have unmet informational needs. Distance learning is useful for international MSs. MS neurosurgery education, through online platforms, represents a long-term strategy for addressing disparities in neurosurgical care worldwide.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nathan A Shlobin
- Department of Neurological Surgery, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, Illinois, USA; Medical Student Neurosurgery Training Center, Brain and Spine Group, Inc., Pasadena, California, USA.
| | - Ryan E Radwanski
- Department of Neurological Surgery, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, New York, USA; Medical Student Neurosurgery Training Center, Brain and Spine Group, Inc., Pasadena, California, USA
| | - Mani Ratnesh S Sandhu
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut, USA; Medical Student Neurosurgery Training Center, Brain and Spine Group, Inc., Pasadena, California, USA
| | - Gail Rosseau
- Department of Neurological Surgery, George Washington University School of Medicine and Health Sciences, Washington, DC, USA
| | - Nader S Dahdaleh
- Department of Neurological Surgery, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, Illinois, USA; Medical Student Neurosurgery Training Center, Brain and Spine Group, Inc., Pasadena, California, USA
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11
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Zoli M, Zenesini C, Bassani G, Colangelo A, Fayel E, Labanca Lima G, Maestri M, Pinto G, Scibilia A, Conti A, Mazzatenta D. Shadows and Lights: Perspectives of Training and Education in Neurosurgery for Undergraduate Students. Front Surg 2022; 9:882063. [PMID: 35662820 PMCID: PMC9160662 DOI: 10.3389/fsurg.2022.882063] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2022] [Accepted: 04/04/2022] [Indexed: 12/01/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduction Neurosurgical education should start during medical school to involve more students, favoring the recruitment of the most prepared and motivated ones and spreading this subject to the future medical generations. Despite multiple investigations, a dedicated educational plan does not exist. This study aims to assess the undergraduates' interests, needs, and perceptions of this subject. Materials and Methods The survey was structured to collect demographic data of the participants, and to explore their interest in neurosurgery, their consideration of its importance in medical school, their opinions about the role of this subject in medical education, their needs in this training, and, the usefulness of this subject for their future career. Results A total of 156 students participated in the survey. Interest in neurosurgery was shown by 76 (48.7%) participants, however, this subject was also perceived as intimidating by 86 (55.1%). Attending the first 2 years of medical school (p < 0.02), previous interest in neuroscience (p < 0.01), and in a surgical subject (p < 0.01) were the factors associated with a greater interest in this subject. Neurosurgery should be included in all students' education, according to 117 (75.0%) participants and practical operating room training should involve all students, according to 96 (61.5%). The most effective learning methods were considered internship (134, 85.9%), followed by participation in meetings or seminars (113, 72.4%). Online seminars were considered useful by 119 participants (76.3%). Neurosurgery was assessed as a potentially interesting career by 99 students (63.5%), who also considered that it can increase their preparation for other subjects (116, 74.4%). Conclusions Neurosurgery was positively considered by medicals students, who, however, also perceived it as intimidating and hardly approachable. Demonstration that knowledge of neurosurgical concepts can improve their preparation also in general medical settings and, not only in the field of neuroscience, can be useful to promote their interest toward this subject. A combination of lectures and practical internships is considered an effective learning method, which can be fruitfully associated with new technologies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matteo Zoli
- IRCCS Istituto delle Scienze Neurologiche di Bologna, Programma Neurochirurgia Ipofisi - Pituitary Unit, Bologna, Italy
- Department of Biomedical and Neuromotor Sciences (DIBINEM), University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
- *Correspondence: Matteo Zoli
| | - Corrado Zenesini
- IRCCS Istituto delle Scienze Neurologiche di Bologna, Epidemiology and Statistics Unit, Bologna, Italy
| | - Gemma Bassani
- School of Medicine and Surgery, University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | - Andrea Colangelo
- School of Medicine and Surgery, University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | - Elad Fayel
- School of Medicine and Surgery, University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | | | - Matteo Maestri
- School of Medicine and Surgery, University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Pinto
- School of Medicine and Surgery, University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | - Antonino Scibilia
- Department of Biomedical and Neuromotor Sciences (DIBINEM), University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
- IRCCS Istituto delle Scienze Neurologiche di Bologna, UOC Neurochirurgia, Bologna, Italy
| | - Alfredo Conti
- Department of Biomedical and Neuromotor Sciences (DIBINEM), University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
- IRCCS Istituto delle Scienze Neurologiche di Bologna, UOC Neurochirurgia, Bologna, Italy
| | - Diego Mazzatenta
- IRCCS Istituto delle Scienze Neurologiche di Bologna, Programma Neurochirurgia Ipofisi - Pituitary Unit, Bologna, Italy
- Department of Biomedical and Neuromotor Sciences (DIBINEM), University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
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12
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Hu P, Sun J, Wei F, Liu X. Patient-Tailored 3D-Printing Models in the Subspecialty Training of Spinal Tumors: A Comparative Study and Questionnaire Survey. World Neurosurg 2022; 161:e488-e494. [PMID: 35189420 DOI: 10.1016/j.wneu.2022.02.042] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2021] [Accepted: 02/11/2022] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Training in the subspecialty of spinal tumors is challenging and less researched. The anatomic variations and complex relationship with paraspinal structures tend to be the main obstacle for the trainees in this field. Three-dimensional (3D)-printing technique has the advantage of individual customization and high fidelity, and can produce case-tailored models as auxiliary tools in medical training. METHODS The main parts of the study included case-based lectures with tailored 3D-printing models, evaluating their performances in a controlled examination and anonymous questionnaire survey regarding the trainees' opinion towards the tailored models. The examination was designed as case-based clinical analysis. All trainees were randomly allocated to the study group and control group, and the former group was additively provided a case-tailored model. RESULTS Thirty-six participants were recruited in this study, including 16 residents and 20 fellows. In the section of examination, there was significant difference in the aspects of describing the involvement of paraspinal structures and discriminating the relationship between the tumor and large vessels (P < 0.05), but similar in the aspects of surgical planning and relevant complications (P > 0.05). In the survey, most participants gave favorable responses to 3D-printing models in the aspects of understanding anatomic structures and relationship, inter-trainee communication, surgical planning, and enhancement of interest and confidence (50.0% to 94.4%, respectively). CONCLUSIONS The 3D-printing model is a valuable tool in the training of new residents and fellows in the subspecialty of spinal tumors. It can facilitate the trainees' understanding of tumor anatomy, surgical readiness, and confidence as well.
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Affiliation(s)
- Panpan Hu
- Department of Orthopaedics and Beijing Key Laboratory of Spinal Disease Research, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Jie Sun
- Pain Medicine Center, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Feng Wei
- Department of Orthopaedics and Beijing Key Laboratory of Spinal Disease Research, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing, China.
| | - Xiaoguang Liu
- Department of Orthopaedics and Beijing Key Laboratory of Spinal Disease Research, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing, China
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13
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Gender Differences in Perceptions and Attitudes of Medical Students Towards Neurosurgery: A German Nationwide Survey. World Neurosurg 2022; 163:96-103.e2. [PMID: 35381382 DOI: 10.1016/j.wneu.2022.03.134] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2022] [Revised: 03/28/2022] [Accepted: 03/29/2022] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Despite advances in gender equity, the paucity of women neurosurgeons remains. In Germany, women accounted for only 24% of the specialists who completed their neurosurgical training in 2019. We sought to explore the perceptions of medical students in Germany towards a neurosurgical career, focusing on gender-specific differences. METHODS A digital 26-item questionnaire with a Likert 4-point scale and open-ended questions was distributed to the German Medical School student bodies. Data was analyzed to determine statistically significant intra-group variability between women and men. RESULTS 210 medical students participated in the survey. Women and men were equally interested in brain pathologies (38% vs. 47%, strongly agreed), whereas interest in neurosurgery was significantly greater in men (12% vs. 26%, strongly agreed). Men were less likely to believe that women neurosurgery residents would face inequality at work. They were also less likely to support a gender quota in neurosurgery. Yet, both women and men were convinced that a rise in the number of women would positively impact the field. No gender-dependency was seen in students' strive for success and prestige. Men felt discouraged from pursuing neurosurgery because they feared an unpleasant work environment whereas women were concerned about neurosurgery not being family-friendly. Regardless of gender, the greatest factor deterring students from neurosurgery was poor work-life balance. CONCLUSION Awareness must be raised concerning gender inequity and discrimination in our specialty. A multifaceted approach is imperative to develop neurosurgery into a profession where gender no longer hinders access to training and success in the field.
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14
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Lee KS, Clennell B, Steward TGJ, Gialeli A, Cordero-Llana O, Whitcomb DJ. Focused Ultrasound Stimulation as a Neuromodulatory Tool for Parkinson's Disease: A Scoping Review. Brain Sci 2022; 12:brainsci12020289. [PMID: 35204052 PMCID: PMC8869888 DOI: 10.3390/brainsci12020289] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2022] [Revised: 02/15/2022] [Accepted: 02/18/2022] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Non-invasive focused ultrasound stimulation (FUS) is a non-ionising neuromodulatory technique that employs acoustic energy to acutely and reversibly modulate brain activity of deep-brain structures. It is currently being investigated as a potential novel treatment for Parkinson’s disease (PD). This scoping review was carried out to map available evidence pertaining to the provision of FUS as a PD neuromodulatory tool. In accordance with the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analysis Extension for Scoping Reviews, a search was applied to Ovid MEDLINE, Embase, Web of Science and Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials on 13 January 2022, with no limits applied. In total, 11 studies were included: 8 were from China and 1 each from Belgium, South Korea and Taiwan. All 11 studies were preclinical (6 in vivo, 2 in vitro, 2 mix of in vivo and in vitro and 1 in silico). The preclinical evidence indicates that FUS is safe and has beneficial neuromodulatory effects on motor behaviour in PD. FUS appears to have a therapeutic role in influencing the disease processes of PD, and therefore holds great promise as an attractive and powerful neuromodulatory tool for PD. Though these initial studies are encouraging, further study to understand the underlying cellular and molecular mechanisms is required before FUS can be routinely used in PD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Keng Siang Lee
- Bristol Medical School, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Bristol, Bristol BS8 1TH, UK; (K.S.L.); (B.C.); (T.G.J.S.); (A.G.); (O.C.-L.)
- Regenerative Medicine Laboratory, School of Clinical Sciences, University of Bristol, Bristol BS8 1TH, UK
- Institute of Clinical Neurosciences, Bristol Medical School, Translational Health Sciences, University of Bristol, Bristol BS8 1TH, UK
| | - Benjamin Clennell
- Bristol Medical School, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Bristol, Bristol BS8 1TH, UK; (K.S.L.); (B.C.); (T.G.J.S.); (A.G.); (O.C.-L.)
- Institute of Clinical Neurosciences, Bristol Medical School, Translational Health Sciences, University of Bristol, Bristol BS8 1TH, UK
| | - Tom G. J. Steward
- Bristol Medical School, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Bristol, Bristol BS8 1TH, UK; (K.S.L.); (B.C.); (T.G.J.S.); (A.G.); (O.C.-L.)
- Institute of Clinical Neurosciences, Bristol Medical School, Translational Health Sciences, University of Bristol, Bristol BS8 1TH, UK
| | - Andriana Gialeli
- Bristol Medical School, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Bristol, Bristol BS8 1TH, UK; (K.S.L.); (B.C.); (T.G.J.S.); (A.G.); (O.C.-L.)
- Regenerative Medicine Laboratory, School of Clinical Sciences, University of Bristol, Bristol BS8 1TH, UK
| | - Oscar Cordero-Llana
- Bristol Medical School, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Bristol, Bristol BS8 1TH, UK; (K.S.L.); (B.C.); (T.G.J.S.); (A.G.); (O.C.-L.)
- Regenerative Medicine Laboratory, School of Clinical Sciences, University of Bristol, Bristol BS8 1TH, UK
| | - Daniel J. Whitcomb
- Bristol Medical School, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Bristol, Bristol BS8 1TH, UK; (K.S.L.); (B.C.); (T.G.J.S.); (A.G.); (O.C.-L.)
- Institute of Clinical Neurosciences, Bristol Medical School, Translational Health Sciences, University of Bristol, Bristol BS8 1TH, UK
- Correspondence:
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15
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Curran S, O'Brien D, Kerin M. A lecture series - neurosurgery in an Irish Medical School without an associated neurosurgical Centre. Br J Neurosurg 2022; 36:372-376. [PMID: 34994257 DOI: 10.1080/02688697.2021.2024505] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/02/2022]
Abstract
Background: Neurosurgery is a surgical specialty that is felt to be under-represented in its teaching and education at an undergraduate level in Irish medical schools, particularly in those which are not attached to a specialist neurosurgical centre. We looked at exposure to neurosurgery among undergraduate students by organising two neurosurgical lecture days for the 2020/2021 final year medical class of National University of Ireland Galway (NUIG), an Irish medical school which is not associated with a neurosurgical centre. This study sought to ascertain students' engagement with and, respectively, desire for a greater emphasis on common subjects within neurosurgery as part of an undergraduate curriculum, specifically in a medical school without an associated neurosurgical centre.Methods: The lecture series was organised by a final year medical student in NUI Galway in conjunction with the National Neurosurgical Centre, Beaumont Hospital. The lectures took place over the course of two separate lecture days on Saturday October 10th and Saturday November 14th, respectively. Both lecture days were broadcast virtually, in compliance with COVID-19 guidelines, to the NUIG 2020/2021 final year medical class and the content covered therein composed part of the examinable syllabus for their final year medical exams. All class members were provided with an online pre-lecture survey prior to the initial lecture day and two post-lecture surveys, one at the end of each respective lecture day.Results: 194 final year medical students from a class of 205 attended over the course of the two given lecture days. Of the 148 students that completed the pre-lecture survey only 13 students had previously attended a neurosurgical lecture or conference. Of the 194 attendees, there were 116 students who completed the final post-lecture survey, 62% of whom agreed that they would like to receive further teaching and clinical exposure to neurosurgery as part of their undergraduate medical education.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sean Curran
- NUIG School of Medicine, University Road, Galway, Ireland
| | - David O'Brien
- Department of Neurosurgery, Beaumont Hospital, Dublin 9, Ireland
| | - Michael Kerin
- NUIG School of Medicine, University Road, Galway, Ireland
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16
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Velagapudi L, Al Saiegh F, Baldassari MP, Farrell C, Sharan A. Letter: Trainees as Drivers of Neurosurgical Education. Neurosurgery 2021; 89:E330-E331. [PMID: 34560783 DOI: 10.1093/neuros/nyab372] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2021] [Accepted: 08/22/2021] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Lohit Velagapudi
- Department of Neurosurgery Thomas Jefferson University Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Fadi Al Saiegh
- Department of Neurosurgery Thomas Jefferson University Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Michael P Baldassari
- Department of Neurosurgery Thomas Jefferson University Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Christopher Farrell
- Department of Neurosurgery Thomas Jefferson University Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Ashwini Sharan
- Department of Neurosurgery Thomas Jefferson University Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
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17
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Lee KS, Ranganathan S, Choong AMTL, Ng JJ. A scoping review on the changes in vascular surgical practice during the early phases of the COVID-19 pandemic. Semin Vasc Surg 2021; 34:63-73. [PMID: 34642038 PMCID: PMC8349480 DOI: 10.1053/j.semvascsurg.2021.07.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/17/2021] [Revised: 07/28/2021] [Accepted: 07/28/2021] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
Abstract
The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic has had a profound effect on the delivery of vascular surgery to patients around the world. In order to conserve resources and reduce the risk of COVID-19 infection, many institutions have postponed or cancelled surgical procedures. In this scoping review, we aim to review current literature and recapitulate the significant changes in elective and emergency vascular surgery during the COVID-19 pandemic. We conducted this scoping review in accordance with the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analysis extension for Scoping Reviews. We included all articles that had reported the effects of the COVID-19 pandemic on elective or emergency vascular surgery. A total of 28 articles were included in this scoping review. We identified eight distinct themes that were relevant to our study topic. We report global, regional, and local data on vascular surgical cases. We also discuss the adoption of vascular surgery triage systems, emergence of global collaborative vascular surgery research groups, increased use of endovascular techniques and locoregional anesthesia, delayed presentation of vascular surgery conditions, and poorer outcomes of patients with chronic limb threatening ischemia. This scoping review provides a snapshot of the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on elective and emergency vascular surgery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Keng Siang Lee
- SingVaSC, Singapore Vascular Surgical Collaborative, Singapore; Bristol Medical School, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK; Cardiovascular Research Institute, National University of Singapore, Singapore
| | - Sruthi Ranganathan
- SingVaSC, Singapore Vascular Surgical Collaborative, Singapore; Department of Medicine, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB2 OQQ, UK; Cardiovascular Research Institute, National University of Singapore, Singapore
| | - Andrew M T L Choong
- SingVaSC, Singapore Vascular Surgical Collaborative, Singapore; Department of Medicine, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB2 OQQ, UK; Department of Surgery, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore; Division of Vascular and Endovascular Surgery, National University Heart Centre, Singapore; Cardiovascular Research Institute, National University of Singapore, Singapore
| | - Jun Jie Ng
- SingVaSC, Singapore Vascular Surgical Collaborative, Singapore; Department of Medicine, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB2 OQQ, UK; Department of Surgery, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore; Cardiovascular Research Institute, National University of Singapore, Singapore.
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18
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Lee KS, Ng JJ, Choong AMTL. A scoping review of vascular surgery education in the medical school curriculum. J Vasc Surg 2021; 74:1362-1374.e3. [PMID: 33940080 DOI: 10.1016/j.jvs.2021.04.024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2020] [Accepted: 04/17/2021] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Despite the high burden of vascular disease that is assessed, investigated, and managed by generalists, no specific medical school curriculum is in use for vascular surgery (VS). In the present scoping review, we aimed to map the available evidence on the provision of VS education in the medical school curriculum worldwide. METHODS The present review was conducted in accordance with the PRISMA (preferred reporting items for systematic reviews and meta-analysis) extension for scoping reviews. The inclusion criterion was reported research studies on VS education in the medical curriculum. RESULTS A total of 20 studies were included. Three main themes were identified. VS was perceived as an essential part of the general medical student curriculum by VS applicants. Exposure to VS varied considerably, and students generally expressed a need for an increase in VS coverage. The most important positive determinants when choosing VS as a career were having a VS mentor, the technical aspects of VS, and participation in a VS rotation. Frequently cited deterrents were the long training time and demanding lifestyle potentially compromising family life. CONCLUSIONS The present scoping review has provided a starting point to better understand the provision of VS education in medical schools across the world. Our review has demonstrated the variability in VS exposure at medical school and described students' sentiments toward VS. We have highlighted the need to determine whether the current curricula are adequate from the perspective of multiple stakeholders (eg, vascular surgeons, educators, general practitioners, a variety of specialists) with a crucial role in the treatment of patients with vascular conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Keng Siang Lee
- SingVaSC, Singapore Vascular Surgical Collaborative, Singapore; Bristol Medical School, University of Bristol, Bristol, United Kingdom
| | - Jun Jie Ng
- SingVaSC, Singapore Vascular Surgical Collaborative, Singapore; Department of Surgery, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore; Division of Vascular and Endovascular Surgery, National University Heart Centre, Singapore; Cardiovascular Research Institute, National University of Singapore, Singapore.
| | - Andrew M T L Choong
- SingVaSC, Singapore Vascular Surgical Collaborative, Singapore; Department of Surgery, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore; Division of Vascular and Endovascular Surgery, National University Heart Centre, Singapore; Cardiovascular Research Institute, National University of Singapore, Singapore
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