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Tan T, Wu C, Liu B, Pan BF, Hawke DH, Su Z, Liu S, Zhang W, Wang R, Lin SH, Kuang J. Revisiting the multisite phosphorylation that produces the M-phase supershift of key mitotic regulators. Mol Biol Cell 2022; 33:ar115. [PMID: 35976701 PMCID: PMC9635296 DOI: 10.1091/mbc.e22-04-0118] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022] Open
Abstract
The term M-phase supershift denotes the phosphorylation-dependent substantial increase in the apparent molecular weight of numerous proteins of varied biological functions during M-phase induction. Although the M-phase supershift of multiple key mitotic regulators has been attributed to the multisite phosphorylation catalyzed by the Cdk1/cyclin B/Cks complex, this view is challenged by multiple lines of paradoxical observations. To solve this problem, we reconstituted the M-phase supershift of Xenopus Cdc25C, Myt1, Wee1A, APC3 and Greatwall in Xenopus egg extracts and characterized the supershift-producing phosphorylations. Our results demonstrate that their M-phase supershifts are each due to simultaneous phosphorylation of a considerable portion of S/T/Y residues in a long intrinsically disordered region that is enriched in both S/T residues and S/TP motifs. Although the major mitotic kinases in Xenopus egg extracts, Cdk1, MAPK, Plx1 and RSK2, are able to phosphorylate the five mitotic regulators, they are neither sufficient nor required to produce the M-phase supershift. Accordingly, inhibition of the four major mitotic kinase activities in Xenopus oocytes did not inhibit the M-phase supershift in okadaic acid-induced oocyte maturation. These findings indicate that the M-phase supershift is produced by a previously unrecognized category of mitotic phosphorylation that likely plays important roles in M-phase induction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tan Tan
- Department of Experimental Therapeutics, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030, USA.,Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Hengyang Medical School, The University of South China, Hengyang, Hunan 421001, China
| | - Chuanfen Wu
- Department of Experimental Therapeutics, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Boye Liu
- Key Laboratory for Biodiversity and Ecological Engineering of Ministry of Education
| | - Bih-Fang Pan
- Department of Systems Biology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - David H Hawke
- Department of Systems Biology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Zehao Su
- Key Laboratory of Cell Proliferation and Regulation Biology of Ministry of Education, College of Life Sciences, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, China
| | - Shuaishuai Liu
- Key Laboratory of Cell Proliferation and Regulation Biology of Ministry of Education, College of Life Sciences, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, China
| | - Wei Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Cell Proliferation and Regulation Biology of Ministry of Education, College of Life Sciences, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, China
| | - Ruoning Wang
- Department of Experimental Therapeutics, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Sue-Hwa Lin
- Department of Translational Molecular Pathology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Jian Kuang
- Department of Experimental Therapeutics, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030, USA
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Wang YS, Yang SJ, Ahmad MJ, Ding ZM, Duan ZQ, Chen YW, Liu M, Liang AX, Hua GH, Huo LJ. Zinc pyrithione exposure compromises oocyte maturation through involving in spindle assembly and zinc accumulation. ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY 2022; 234:113393. [PMID: 35278989 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2022.113393] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2022] [Revised: 03/01/2022] [Accepted: 03/03/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Zinc Pyrithione (ZPT), a Food and Drug Administration (FDA) approved chemical, is widely used for topical antimicrobials and cosmetic consumer products, including anti-dandruff shampoos. ZPT and its degraded byproducts have detected in large quantities in the environment, and identified to pose healthy risks on aquatic organisms and human. However, so far, knowledge about ZPT effects on female reproduction, particularly oocyte maturation and quality, is limited. Herein, we investigated the adverse impact of ZPT on mouse oocyte maturation and quality in vitro and found exposure to ZPT significantly compromises oocyte maturation. The results revealed that ZPT disturbed the meiotic cell cycle by impairing cytoskeletal dynamics, kinetochore-microtubule attachment (K-MT), and causing spindle assembly checkpoints (SAC) continuous activation. Further, we observed the microtubule-organizing centers (MTOCs) associated proteins p-MAPK and Aurora-A were disrupted in ZPT-treated oocytes, signified by decreased expression and abnormal localization, responsible for the severe cytoskeletal defects. In addition, ZPT exposure induced a significant increase in the levels of H3K9me2, H3K9me3, H3K27me1, and H3K27me3, suggesting the alterations of epigenetic modifications. Moreover, the accumulation of zinc ions (Zn2+) was observed in ZPT-treated oocytes, which was detrimental because overmuch intracellular Zn2+ disrupted oocyte meiosis. Finally, these above alterations impaired spindle organization and chromosome alignment in metaphase-II (MII) oocytes, indicative of damaged oocytes quality. In conclusion, ZPT exposure influenced oocyte maturation and quality via involvement in MTOCs-associated proteins mediated spindle defects, altered epigenetic modifications and zinc accumulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yong-Sheng Wang
- Key Laboratory of Agricultural Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction, Education Ministry of China, College of Animal Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, People's Republic of China; National Center for International Research on Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction (NCIRAGBR), Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, People's Republic of China
| | - Sheng-Ji Yang
- Key Laboratory of Agricultural Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction, Education Ministry of China, College of Animal Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, People's Republic of China; National Center for International Research on Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction (NCIRAGBR), Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, People's Republic of China
| | - Muhammad Jamil Ahmad
- Key Laboratory of Agricultural Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction, Education Ministry of China, College of Animal Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, People's Republic of China; National Center for International Research on Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction (NCIRAGBR), Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhi-Ming Ding
- Key Laboratory of Agricultural Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction, Education Ministry of China, College of Animal Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, People's Republic of China; National Center for International Research on Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction (NCIRAGBR), Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, People's Republic of China
| | - Ze-Qun Duan
- Key Laboratory of Agricultural Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction, Education Ministry of China, College of Animal Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, People's Republic of China; National Center for International Research on Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction (NCIRAGBR), Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, People's Republic of China
| | - Yang-Wu Chen
- Key Laboratory of Agricultural Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction, Education Ministry of China, College of Animal Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, People's Republic of China; National Center for International Research on Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction (NCIRAGBR), Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, People's Republic of China
| | - Ming Liu
- Key Laboratory of Agricultural Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction, Education Ministry of China, College of Animal Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, People's Republic of China; National Center for International Research on Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction (NCIRAGBR), Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, People's Republic of China
| | - Ai-Xin Liang
- Key Laboratory of Agricultural Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction, Education Ministry of China, College of Animal Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, People's Republic of China; National Center for International Research on Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction (NCIRAGBR), Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, People's Republic of China
| | - Guo-Hua Hua
- Key Laboratory of Agricultural Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction, Education Ministry of China, College of Animal Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, People's Republic of China; National Center for International Research on Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction (NCIRAGBR), Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, People's Republic of China.
| | - Li-Jun Huo
- Key Laboratory of Agricultural Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction, Education Ministry of China, College of Animal Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, People's Republic of China; National Center for International Research on Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction (NCIRAGBR), Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, People's Republic of China.
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Guo Q, Liu Q, Wang N, Wang J, Sun A, Qiao J, Yan L. The function of Nucleoporin 37 on mouse oocyte maturation and preimplantation embryo development. J Assist Reprod Genet 2022; 39:107-116. [PMID: 35022896 PMCID: PMC8866631 DOI: 10.1007/s10815-021-02330-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2021] [Accepted: 09/20/2021] [Indexed: 01/03/2023] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE Nucleoporin 37 (NUP37) has been reported to activate the YAP-TEAD signaling, which is crucial for early embryo development. However, whether NUP37 is involved in oocyte meiosis and embryo development remains largely unknown. The study aimed to clarify the function of Nup37 in oocyte maturation and early embryo development, and to explore the mechanism. METHODS The expression level and subcellular localization of NUP37 were explored. After knocking down of Nup37 by microinjecting interfering RNA (siRNA), the oocyte maturation rate, aberrant PB1 extrusion rate, and blastocyst formation rate were evaluated. In addition, the effect of the downregulation of Nup37 on YAP-TEAD signaling was confirmed by immunofluorescence staining and real-time quantitative PCR. RESULTS NUP37 was highly expressed in oocytes and early embryos; it mainly localized to the nuclear periphery at mice GV stage oocytes and early embryos. Nup37 depletion led to aberrant PB1 extrusion at the MII stage oocyte and a decreased blastocyst formation rate. The reduction of NUP37 caused YAP1 mislocalization and decreased the expression of Tead1, Tead2, and Tead4 during mice embryo development, thus affecting the YAP-TEAD activity and embryo developmental competence. CONCLUSIONS In summary, NUP37 played an important role in mice oocyte maturation and preimplantation embryo development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qianying Guo
- Center for Reproductive Medicine, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing, 100191 China ,National Clinical Research Center for Obstetrics and Gynecology, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing, 100191 China ,Key Laboratory of Assisted Reproduction (Peking University), Ministry of Education Beijing Key, Beijing, 100191 China ,Laboratory of Reproductive Endocrinology and Assisted Reproductive Technology, Beijing, 100191 China ,Research Units of Comprehensive Diagnosis and Treatment of Oocyte Maturation Arrest, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Qiang Liu
- Center for Reproductive Medicine, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing, 100191 China ,National Clinical Research Center for Obstetrics and Gynecology, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing, 100191 China ,Key Laboratory of Assisted Reproduction (Peking University), Ministry of Education Beijing Key, Beijing, 100191 China ,Laboratory of Reproductive Endocrinology and Assisted Reproductive Technology, Beijing, 100191 China ,Research Units of Comprehensive Diagnosis and Treatment of Oocyte Maturation Arrest, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Nan Wang
- Center for Reproductive Medicine, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing, 100191 China ,National Clinical Research Center for Obstetrics and Gynecology, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing, 100191 China ,Key Laboratory of Assisted Reproduction (Peking University), Ministry of Education Beijing Key, Beijing, 100191 China ,Laboratory of Reproductive Endocrinology and Assisted Reproductive Technology, Beijing, 100191 China ,Research Units of Comprehensive Diagnosis and Treatment of Oocyte Maturation Arrest, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Jing Wang
- Center for Reproductive Medicine, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing, 100191 China ,National Clinical Research Center for Obstetrics and Gynecology, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing, 100191 China ,Key Laboratory of Assisted Reproduction (Peking University), Ministry of Education Beijing Key, Beijing, 100191 China ,Laboratory of Reproductive Endocrinology and Assisted Reproductive Technology, Beijing, 100191 China ,Research Units of Comprehensive Diagnosis and Treatment of Oocyte Maturation Arrest, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Andi Sun
- Center for Reproductive Medicine, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing, 100191 China ,National Clinical Research Center for Obstetrics and Gynecology, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing, 100191 China ,Key Laboratory of Assisted Reproduction (Peking University), Ministry of Education Beijing Key, Beijing, 100191 China ,Laboratory of Reproductive Endocrinology and Assisted Reproductive Technology, Beijing, 100191 China ,Research Units of Comprehensive Diagnosis and Treatment of Oocyte Maturation Arrest, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Jie Qiao
- Center for Reproductive Medicine, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing, 100191 China ,National Clinical Research Center for Obstetrics and Gynecology, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing, 100191 China ,Key Laboratory of Assisted Reproduction (Peking University), Ministry of Education Beijing Key, Beijing, 100191 China ,Laboratory of Reproductive Endocrinology and Assisted Reproductive Technology, Beijing, 100191 China ,Research Units of Comprehensive Diagnosis and Treatment of Oocyte Maturation Arrest, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Liying Yan
- Center for Reproductive Medicine, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing, 100191 China ,National Clinical Research Center for Obstetrics and Gynecology, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing, 100191 China ,Key Laboratory of Assisted Reproduction (Peking University), Ministry of Education Beijing Key, Beijing, 100191 China ,Laboratory of Reproductive Endocrinology and Assisted Reproductive Technology, Beijing, 100191 China ,Research Units of Comprehensive Diagnosis and Treatment of Oocyte Maturation Arrest, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
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Ribonucleic Acid Export 1 Is a Kinetochore-Associated Protein That Participates in Chromosome Alignment in Mouse Oocytes. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms22094841. [PMID: 34063622 PMCID: PMC8125685 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22094841] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2021] [Revised: 04/29/2021] [Accepted: 04/29/2021] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Ribonucleic acid export 1 (Rae1) is an important nucleoporin that participates in mRNA export during the interphase of higher eukaryotes and regulates the mitotic cell cycle. In this study, small RNA interference technology was used to knockdown Rae1, and immunofluorescence, immunoblotting, and chromosome spreading were used to study the role of Rae1 in mouse oocyte meiotic maturation. We found that Rae1 is a crucial regulator of meiotic maturation of mouse oocytes. After the resumption of meiosis (GVBD), Rae1 was concentrated on the kinetochore structure. The knockdown of Rae1 by a specific siRNA inhibited GVBD progression at 2 h, finally leading to a decreased 14 h polar body extrusion (PBE) rate. However, a comparable 14 h PBE rate was found in the control, and the Rae1 knockdown groups that had already undergone GVBD. Furthermore, we found elevated PBE after 9.5 h in the Rae1 knockdown oocytes. Further analysis revealed that Rae1 depletion significantly decreased the protein level of securin. In addition, we detected weakened kinetochore–microtubule (K-MT) attachments, misaligned chromosomes, and an increased incidence of aneuploidy in the Rae1 knockdown oocytes. Collectively, we propose that Rae1 modulates securin protein levels, which contribute to chromosome alignment, K-MT attachments, and aneuploidy in meiosis.
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Burdine RD, Preston CC, Leonard RJ, Bradley TA, Faustino RS. Nucleoporins in cardiovascular disease. J Mol Cell Cardiol 2020; 141:43-52. [PMID: 32209327 DOI: 10.1016/j.yjmcc.2020.02.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/19/2019] [Revised: 02/19/2020] [Accepted: 02/25/2020] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
Cardiovascular disease is a pressing health problem with significant global health, societal, and financial burdens. Understanding the molecular basis of polygenic cardiac pathology is thus essential to devising novel approaches for management and treatment. Recent identification of uncharacterized regulatory functions for a class of nuclear envelope proteins called nucleoporins offers the opportunity to understand novel putative mechanisms of cardiac disease development and progression. Consistent reports of nucleoporin deregulation associated with ischemic and dilated cardiomyopathies, arrhythmias and valvular disorders suggests that nucleoporin impairment may be a significant but understudied variable in cardiopathologic disorders. This review discusses and converges existing literature regarding nuclear pore complex proteins and their association with cardiac pathologies, and proposes a role for nucleoporins as facilitators of cardiac disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ryan D Burdine
- Genetics and Genomics Group, Sanford Research, 2301 E. 60(th) Street N., Sioux Falls, SD 57104, United States of America; School of Health Sciences, University of South Dakota, 414 E Clark St, Vermillion, SD 57069, United States of America
| | - Claudia C Preston
- Genetics and Genomics Group, Sanford Research, 2301 E. 60(th) Street N., Sioux Falls, SD 57104, United States of America
| | - Riley J Leonard
- Genetics and Genomics Group, Sanford Research, 2301 E. 60(th) Street N., Sioux Falls, SD 57104, United States of America
| | - Tyler A Bradley
- Genetics and Genomics Group, Sanford Research, 2301 E. 60(th) Street N., Sioux Falls, SD 57104, United States of America
| | - Randolph S Faustino
- Genetics and Genomics Group, Sanford Research, 2301 E. 60(th) Street N., Sioux Falls, SD 57104, United States of America; Department of Pediatrics, Sanford School of Medicine of the University of South Dakota, 1400 W. 22(nd) Street, Sioux Falls, SD 57105, United States of America.
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Xie D, Zhang J, Ding J, Yang J, Zhang Y. OLA1 is responsible for normal spindle assembly and SAC activation in mouse oocytes. PeerJ 2020; 8:e8180. [PMID: 31915569 PMCID: PMC6944127 DOI: 10.7717/peerj.8180] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2019] [Accepted: 11/08/2019] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Background OLA1 is a member of the GTPase protein family; unlike other members, it possess both GTPase and ATPase activities, and can bind and hydrolyze ATP more efficiently than GTP. OLA1 participates in cell proliferation, oxidative response, protein synthesis and tumorigenesis. However, whether OLA1 is also required for oocyte meiosis is still unknown. Methods In this study, the localization, expression, and functions of OLA1 in the mouse oocyte meiosis were examined. Immunofluorescent and confocal microscopy were used to explore the location pattern of OLA1 in the mouse oocyte. Moreover, nocodazole treatment was used to confirm the spindle-like location of OLA1 during mouse meiosis. Western blot was used to explore the expression pattern of OLA1 in the mouse oocyte. Microinjection of siRNA was used to explore the OLA1 functions in the mouse oocyte meiosis. In addition, chromosome spreading was used to investigate the spindle assembly checkpoint (SAC) activity. Results Immunofluorescent staining showed that OLA1 evenly distributed in the cytoplasm at germinal vesicle (GV) stage. After meiosis resumption (GVBD), OLA1 co-localized with spindles, which was further identified by nocodazole treatment experiments. Knockdown of OLA1 impaired the germinal vesicle breakdown progression and finally resulted in a lower polar body extrusion rate. Immunofluorescence analysis indicated that knockdown of OLA1 led to abnormal spindle assembly, which was evidenced by multipolar spindles in OLA1-RNAi-oocytes. After 6 h post-GVBD in culture, an increased proportion of oocyte which has precociously entered into anaphase/telephase I (A/TI) was observed in OLA1-knockdown oocytes, suggesting that loss of OLA1 resulted in the premature segregation of homologous chromosomes. In addition, the chromosome spread analysis suggested that OLA1 knockdown induced premature anaphase onset was due to the precocious inactivation of SAC. Taken together, we concluded that OLA1 plays important role in GVBD, spindle assembly and SAC activation maintenance in oocyte meiosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Di Xie
- Reproductive Medical Center, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, WuHan, HuBei, China.,Reproductive Medical Center, Central Theater General Hospital of PLA, WuHan, HuBei, China
| | - Juan Zhang
- Reproductive Medical Center, Central Theater General Hospital of PLA, WuHan, HuBei, China
| | - JinLi Ding
- Reproductive Medical Center, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, WuHan, HuBei, China
| | - Jing Yang
- Reproductive Medical Center, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, WuHan, HuBei, China
| | - Yan Zhang
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, WuHan, HuBei, China
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Role of Major Endocannabinoid-Binding Receptors during Mouse Oocyte Maturation. Int J Mol Sci 2019; 20:ijms20122866. [PMID: 31212770 PMCID: PMC6627642 DOI: 10.3390/ijms20122866] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/21/2019] [Revised: 06/06/2019] [Accepted: 06/08/2019] [Indexed: 01/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Endocannabinoids are key-players of female fertility and potential biomarkers of reproductive dysfunctions. Here, we investigated localization and expression of cannabinoid receptor type-1 and -2 (CB1R and CB2R), G-protein coupled receptor 55 (GPR55), and transient receptor potential vanilloid type 1 channel (TRPV1) in mouse oocytes collected at different stages of in vivo meiotic maturation (germinal vesicle, GV; metaphase I, MI; metaphase II, MII) through qPCR, confocal imaging, and western blot. Despite the significant decrease in CB1R, CB2R, and GPR55 mRNAs occurring from GV to MII, CB2R and GPR55 protein contents increased during the same period. At GV, only CB1R was localized in oolemma, but it completely disappeared at MI. TRPV1 was always undetectable. When oocytes were in vitro matured with CB1R and CB2R but not GPR55 antagonists, a significant delay of GV breakdown occurred, sustained by elevated intraoocyte cAMP concentration. Although CBRs antagonists did not affect polar body I emission or chromosome alignment, GPR55 antagonist impaired in ~75% of oocytes the formation of normal-sized MI and MII spindles. These findings open a new avenue to interrogate oocyte pathophysiology and offer potentially new targets for the therapy of reproductive alterations.
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