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Hyeon JY, Byun JH, Kim ES, Heo YS, Fukunaga K, Kim SK, Imamura S, Kim SJ, Takemura A, Hur SP. Testis development in the Japanese eel is affected by photic signals through melatonin secretion. PeerJ 2021; 9:e12289. [PMID: 34721978 PMCID: PMC8522646 DOI: 10.7717/peerj.12289] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/26/2020] [Accepted: 09/21/2021] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective According to reported spawning characteristics of Japanese eel, Anguilla japonica, which exhibit spawning and migration patterns that are synchronized with lunar cycles and photoperiod, we hypothesized that a close association exists between specific photic signals (daylight, daylength, and moonlight) and endocrinological regulation. Given the photic control in melatonin secretion, this hypothesis was tested by investigating whether melatonin signals act as mediators relaying photic signals during testis development in the eel. Methods We examined changes in melatonin-secretion patterns using time-resolved fluorescence immunoassays in sexually immature and mature male Japanese eels under the condition of a new moon (NM) and a full moon (FM). Results The eye and plasma melatonin levels exhibited a nocturnal pattern under a 12-h light: dark cycle (12L12D) or under constant darkness (DD), but not with constant light (LL). Eye melatonin levels were similar under the 12L12D and short-day (9L15D) conditions. In the long-day condition (15L9D), secreted plasma melatonin levels were stable, whereas short-day melatonin secretion began when darkness commenced. Sexual maturation began at 8 weeks following intraperitoneal injection of human chorionic gonadotropin (hCG), and NM exposure led to significantly higher eye and plasma melatonin levels compared with those detected under FM exposure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ji-Yeon Hyeon
- Jeju Marine Research Center, Korea Institute of Ocean Science and Technology, Jeju, Republic of Korea.,Department of Biology, Jeju National University, Jeju, Republic of Korea
| | - Jun-Hwan Byun
- Jeju Marine Research Center, Korea Institute of Ocean Science and Technology, Jeju, Republic of Korea.,Graduate School of Engineering and Science, University of the Ryukyus, Okinawa, Japan
| | - Eun-Su Kim
- Jeju Marine Research Center, Korea Institute of Ocean Science and Technology, Jeju, Republic of Korea
| | - Yoon-Seong Heo
- LED-Marine Biology Convergence Technology Research Center, Pukyong National University, Busan, Republic of Korea
| | - Kodai Fukunaga
- Center for Strategic Research Project, University of the Ryukyus, Okinawa, Japan
| | - Shin-Kwon Kim
- Aquaculture Research Division, National Institute of Fisheries Science, Busan, Republic of Korea
| | - Satoshi Imamura
- Graduate School of Engineering and Science, University of the Ryukyus, Okinawa, Japan
| | - Se-Jae Kim
- Department of Biology, Jeju National University, Jeju, Republic of Korea
| | - Akihiro Takemura
- Department of Chemistry, Biology and Marine Science, Faculty of Science, University of the Ryukyus, Okinawa, Japan
| | - Sung-Pyo Hur
- Jeju Marine Research Center, Korea Institute of Ocean Science and Technology, Jeju, Republic of Korea.,Department of Ocean Science, University of Science and Technology, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
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Kim BH, Hur SP, Hyeon JY, Yamashina F, Takemura A, Lee YD. Annual patterns of ocular melatonin level in the female grass puffer, Takifugu alboplumbeus: possible involvement in seasonal reproductive response. FISH PHYSIOLOGY AND BIOCHEMISTRY 2020; 46:787-801. [PMID: 32128660 DOI: 10.1007/s10695-019-00749-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2018] [Accepted: 10/25/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
The aim of this study was to investigate the expression patterns of ocular melatonin in the annual reproductive cycle of the female grass puffer. Spawning season of the female grass puffer is from June to July in Jeju, South Korea. Time-resolved fluoroimmunoassay revealed that levels of ocular melatonin, which show an annual change, peaked in May (spawning season). Additionally, expression of reproductive-related genes also showed annual patterns: GnRH1 peaked in August, GnRH2 peaked in February, GnRH3, Kiss2, and LPXRFa peaked in November. These results suggest that ocular melatonin may be related to the annual reproductive cycle in the grass puffer. To better understand the photic regulation of AANAT1a mRNA in the retina, we observed the nocturnal pattern of ocular melatonin levels daily, which shows a nocturnal pattern in both short photoperiod (SD) and long photoperiod (LD) conditions. In the brain, AANAT2 mRNA also shows a nocturnal pattern in both SD and LD; however, the time of peak expression of AANAT2 mRNA was unchanged in both conditions. Following intraperitoneal injection of melatonin for 2 weeks, expression of GnRH2 and LPXRFa mRNA in the brain significantly increased, while that of Kiss2 mRNA was decreased, suggesting that melatonin has a reproduction-related effect. Furthermore, under SD and LD conditions for 14 weeks, the gonadosomatic index more increased and the maturity of the ovary progressed under LD compared with those under SD, suggesting that the SD photoperiodic signal inactivated ovarian development. These results indicate that the ocular melatonin may have a possible role in the reproductive endocrinology of the grass puffer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Byeong-Hoon Kim
- Marine Science Institute, Jeju National University, Jeju, 695-965, Republic of Korea
| | - Sung-Pyo Hur
- Jeju Research Institute, Korea Institute of Ocean Science & Technology, 2670, Iijudong-ro, Gujwa-eup, Jeju, 63349, Republic of Korea.
| | - Ji-Yeon Hyeon
- Jeju Research Institute, Korea Institute of Ocean Science & Technology, 2670, Iijudong-ro, Gujwa-eup, Jeju, 63349, Republic of Korea
| | - Fumika Yamashina
- Department of Chemistry, Biology and Marine Science, Faculty of Science, University of the Ryukyus, Senbaru, Nishihara, Okinawa, 903-0213, Japan
| | - Akihiro Takemura
- Department of Chemistry, Biology and Marine Science, Faculty of Science, University of the Ryukyus, Senbaru, Nishihara, Okinawa, 903-0213, Japan
| | - Young-Don Lee
- Marine Science Institute, Jeju National University, Jeju, 695-965, Republic of Korea
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Kouhi-Dehkordi S, Bani A. Day-night behavior in river entry of kutum and its relation to melatonin. BIOL RHYTHM RES 2017. [DOI: 10.1080/09291016.2017.1324559] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Shima Kouhi-Dehkordi
- Faculty of Natural Resources, Fisheries Department, University of Guilan, Sowmeh Sara, Iran
- Fisheries Department, Gorgan University of Agricultural Sciences and Natural Resources, Golestan, Iran
| | - Ali Bani
- Faculty of Science, Department of Biology, University of Guilan, Rasht, Iran
- Caspian Sea Basin Research Center, Marine Science Department, University of Guilan, Rasht, Iran
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Takeuchi Y, Imamura S, Sawada Y, Hur SP, Takemura A. Effects of different colors of light on melatonin suppression and expression analysis of Aanat1 and melanopsin in the eye of a tropical damselfish. Gen Comp Endocrinol 2014; 204:158-65. [PMID: 24859252 DOI: 10.1016/j.ygcen.2014.05.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2013] [Revised: 04/07/2014] [Accepted: 05/01/2014] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
Ocular melatonin production exhibits a daily rhythm with a decrease during photophase and an increase during scotophase (nocturnal pattern) in teleost fish due to day-night changes in the activity of the rate-limiting melatonin synthesizing enzyme arylalkylamine N-acetyltransferase (AANAT). Acute light exposure during scotophase suppresses AANAT activity and melatonin production in the eyes, suggesting that external light signals are a principal regulator of ocular melatonin synthesis. To better understand the photic regulation of ocular melatonin synthesis in teleost fish, this study sought to characterize the effect of light on ocular melatonin synthesis in the sapphire devil Chrysiptera cyanea, which shows a nocturnal pattern and light-induced inhibition of ocular melatonin production during scotophase. Exposure to three different wavelengths of light (half-peak bandwidth=435-475 nm with a peak of 455 nm, 495-565 nm with a peak of 530 nm, and 607-647 nm with a peak of 627 nm for the blue, green, and red LEDs) for 2h during scotophase resulted in the blue wavelength significantly decreasing ocular melatonin content within 30 min after light exposure. This result clearly indicates that the effective range of visible light on ocular melatonin suppression is distributed within the wavelengths of blue light and that a blue light-sensitive opsin is involved in ocular melatonin suppression in the fish. A PCR-based cloning method revealed the expression of melanopsin, a putative blue light-sensitive nonvisual opsin, in the eyes. Furthermore, in situ hybridization using the sapphire devil Aanat1 and melanopsin RNA probes showed mRNA expressions of both genes in the inner nuclear and ganglion cell layer of the fish retina. These results suggest that melanopsin is a possible candidate photoreceptor involved in ocular melatonin suppression by an external light signal in the sapphire devil.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuki Takeuchi
- Department of Chemistry, Biology, and Marine Science, Faculty of Science, University of the Ryukyus, Senbaru 1, Nishihara, Okinawa 903-0213, Japan.
| | - Satoshi Imamura
- Department of Chemistry, Biology, and Marine Science, Faculty of Science, University of the Ryukyus, Senbaru 1, Nishihara, Okinawa 903-0213, Japan
| | - Yuji Sawada
- Department of Chemistry, Biology, and Marine Science, Faculty of Science, University of the Ryukyus, Senbaru 1, Nishihara, Okinawa 903-0213, Japan
| | - Sung-Pyo Hur
- Department of Chemistry, Biology, and Marine Science, Faculty of Science, University of the Ryukyus, Senbaru 1, Nishihara, Okinawa 903-0213, Japan
| | - Akihiro Takemura
- Department of Chemistry, Biology, and Marine Science, Faculty of Science, University of the Ryukyus, Senbaru 1, Nishihara, Okinawa 903-0213, Japan
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Maitra SK, Chattoraj A, Mukherjee S, Moniruzzaman M. Melatonin: a potent candidate in the regulation of fish oocyte growth and maturation. Gen Comp Endocrinol 2013; 181:215-22. [PMID: 23046602 DOI: 10.1016/j.ygcen.2012.09.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2012] [Revised: 09/06/2012] [Accepted: 09/10/2012] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Recent studies on several fish species, especially carp, implicated pineal hormone melatonin (N-acetyl-5-methoxytryptamine) as a potent candidate in the regulatory mechanism of seasonal reproduction. Under natural conditions, the temporal pattern of serum melatonin varied with daily light-dark cycle and the reproductive status of the fish as well. Carefully controlled study revealed that exogenous administration of melatonin may result in stimulation or inhibition or no influences at all on the gonadal functions depending on the reproductive status of fish. Cross-talk between the melatonin and ovarian steroid has been evident from in vitro study, in which melatonin accelerated the action of 17α,20β-dihydroxy-4-pregnen-3-one or maturation inducing hormone (MIH) on meiotic cell cycle resumption in carp oocytes by formation of maturation promoting factor (MPF) - a complex of two proteins, cyclin B and cyclin dependant kinase Cdk1. While several lines of evidence suggest melatonin effects on hypothalamo-hypophyseal-gonadal axis, localization and dynamics of a 37-kDa melatonin receptor protein in carp oocytes argued in favor of extra-hypothalamic direct action of melatonin on fish reproduction. A recent study in carp indicated that influences of an identical regimen of photoperiods in different parts of annual cycle on ovarian functions vary in relation to the profiles of serum melatonin, but not to any rhythm parameters of MT1 or MT2 receptors on the gonad or brain. The purpose of this short review is to bring together the current knowledge on the biological effects of melatonin on fish reproduction mainly focusing the recent findings on carp.
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Affiliation(s)
- Saumen Kumar Maitra
- Department of Zoology, Visva-Bharati University, Santiniketan 731 235, India.
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Yammouni R, Bozzano A, Douglas RH. A latitudinal cline in the efficacy of endogenous signals: evidence derived from retinal cone contraction in fish. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2011; 214:501-8. [PMID: 21228209 DOI: 10.1242/jeb.048538] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
Like many physiological systems synchronised to the light:dark cycle, retinomotor movements in 'lower' vertebrates are controlled by both the ambient illumination and input from endogenous circadian oscillators. In the present study, we examine the relative influence of these two signals in various species of teleost fish with different latitudes of origin. We find equatorial species show very strong endogenous control. The cones of the glowlight tetra, for example, continue to go through undiminished cycles of contraction and relaxation that mirror the previous light:dark cycle for at least two weeks in continual darkness. To quantify the relative effectiveness of the ambient light compared with endogenous signals in causing cone contraction, the degree to which seven teleost species responded to light during the dark phase of their light:dark cycle was examined. In this situation the retina receives conflicting instructions; while the light is acting directly to cause light adaptation, any endogenous signal tends to keep the retinal elements dark adapted. The further from the equator a species originated, the more its cones contracted in response to such illumination, suggesting animals from higher latitudes make little use of endogenous oscillators and rely more on ambient illumination to control behaviours. Equatorial species, however, rely on internal pacemakers to a much greater degree and are relatively insensitive to exogenous light signals. Because these data are consistent with published observations in systems as diverse as melatonin synthesis in Arctic reindeer and the behaviour of regional populations of Drosophila, latitudinal clines in the efficacy of circadian oscillators may be a common feature among animals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Robert Yammouni
- Henry Wellcome Laboratory for Vision Sciences, Department of Optometry and Visual Science, City University London, Northampton Square, London, EC1V 0HB, UK
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Hur SP, Takeuchi Y, Esaka Y, Nina W, Park YJ, Kang HC, Jeong HB, Lee YD, Kim SJ, Takemura A. Diurnal expression patterns of neurohypophysial hormone genes in the brain of the threespot wrasse Halichoeres trimaculatus. Comp Biochem Physiol A Mol Integr Physiol 2011; 158:490-7. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cbpa.2010.12.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2010] [Revised: 12/06/2010] [Accepted: 12/08/2010] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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Takemura A, Uchimura M, Shibata Y. Dopaminergic activity in the brain of a tropical wrasse in response to changes in light and hydrostatic pressure. Gen Comp Endocrinol 2010; 166:513-9. [PMID: 20064517 DOI: 10.1016/j.ygcen.2010.01.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2009] [Revised: 09/08/2009] [Accepted: 01/02/2010] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
Many tropical wrasses show a daily pattern of spawning with gamete release typically near daytime high tide. The environmental cues the fish obtains from day-night and tidal cycles to ensure spawning synchrony and how those cues are transduced, however, are not fully understood. To gain insight into these issues, the involvement of monoamines in mediating endogenous day-night and tidal rhythms in the threespot wrasse, Halichoeres trimaculatus, were examined. Levels of dopamine (DA), 3,4-dihydroxyphenylacetic acid (DOPAC, a metabolite of DA), serotonin (5-HT), and 5-hydroxyindoleacetic acid (5-HIAA, a metabolite of 5-HT) in the brain of the fish were measured with high-performance liquid chromatography and electrochemical detection. DOPAC and the metabolic rate of DA activity (DOPAC/DA) were found to increase during the day and decrease during the night for fish held under a natural photoperiod. Fish acclimated to a 12:12 light-dark cycle and to constant dark conditions exhibited similar changes, whereas fish acclimated to constant light conditions exhibited little or no change. Intraperitoneal injection of melatonin resulted in a significant reduction in DOPAC/DA. Furthermore, DOPAC/DA was significantly lower in fish held at 3m compared to 0m depth, suggesting that hydrostatic pressure influences DA metabolic rate. These results indicate that light and hydrostatic pressure control dopaminergic turnover in the brain of threespot wrasse. Day-night and tidal changes in these two factors therefore may be the main environmental cues the fish uses to synchronize its spawning activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Akihiro Takemura
- Department of Biology, Chemistry, and Marine Science, Faculty of Science, University of the Ryukyus. Senbaru 1, Nishihara, Okinawa 903-0213, Japan.
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Iigo M, Furukawa K, Nishi G, Tabata M, Aida K. Ocular Melatonin Rhythms in Teleost Fish. BRAIN, BEHAVIOR AND EVOLUTION 2007; 69:114-21. [PMID: 17230019 DOI: 10.1159/000095200] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
Melatonin (N-acetyl-5-methoxytryptamine) is synthesized in the pineal organ and the retina of vertebrates. In some teleost species, ocular melatonin levels can exhibit a circadian periodicity with elevated levels during the dark phase under light-dark (LD) cycles and this periodicity can persist even under constant dark (DD) cycles. However, reversed melatonin profiles and an absence of circadian ocular melatonin rhythms have also been reported. In this study, we investigated the daily rhythms of ocular melatonin in 32 teleost species under LD cycles. The melatonin profiles could be classified into three types: (1) normal profiles, with higher melatonin levels during the dark phase than the light phase; (2) reversed profiles, with higher levels during the light phase than the dark phase; (3) no significant differences in melatonin levels. We also studied whether ocular melatonin exhibits circadian rhythms under DD in selected species. Our results showed that ocular melatonin exhibited circadian rhythms in some but not all of the species examined. These results indicate that ocular melatonin rhythms in teleost fish exhibit species-specific variations as a result of the changes in the regulatory mechanisms during the course of evolution.
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Affiliation(s)
- Masayuki Iigo
- Department of Applied Biochemistry, Faculty of Agriculture, Utsunomiya University, Utsunomiya, Tochigi, Japan.
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