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Carelli V, Newman NJ, Yu-Wai-Man P, Biousse V, Moster ML, Subramanian PS, Vignal-Clermont C, Wang AG, Donahue SP, Leroy BP, Sergott RC, Klopstock T, Sadun AA, Rebolleda Fernández G, Chwalisz BK, Banik R, Girmens JF, La Morgia C, DeBusk AA, Jurkute N, Priglinger C, Karanjia R, Josse C, Salzmann J, Montestruc F, Roux M, Taiel M, Sahel JA. Indirect Comparison of Lenadogene Nolparvovec Gene Therapy Versus Natural History in Patients with Leber Hereditary Optic Neuropathy Carrying the m.11778G>A MT-ND4 Mutation. Ophthalmol Ther 2023; 12:401-429. [PMID: 36449262 PMCID: PMC9834474 DOI: 10.1007/s40123-022-00611-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/03/2022] [Accepted: 10/28/2022] [Indexed: 12/05/2022] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Lenadogene nolparvovec is a promising novel gene therapy for patients with Leber hereditary optic neuropathy (LHON) carrying the m.11778G>A ND4 mutation (MT-ND4). A previous pooled analysis of phase 3 studies showed an improvement in visual acuity of patients injected with lenadogene nolparvovec compared to natural history. Here, we report updated results by incorporating data from the latest phase 3 trial REFLECT in the pool, increasing the number of treated patients from 76 to 174. METHODS The visual acuity of 174 MT-ND4-carrying patients with LHON injected in one or both eyes with lenadogene nolparvovec from four pooled phase 3 studies (REVERSE, RESCUE and their long-term extension trial RESTORE; and REFLECT trial) was compared to the spontaneous evolution of an external control group of 208 matched patients from 11 natural history studies. RESULTS Treated patients showed a clinically relevant and sustained improvement in their visual acuity when compared to natural history. Mean improvement versus natural history was - 0.30 logMAR (+ 15 ETDRS letters equivalent) at last observation (P < 0.01) with a maximal follow-up of 3.9 years after injection. Most treated eyes were on-chart as compared to less than half of natural history eyes at 48 months after vision loss (89.6% versus 48.1%; P < 0.01) and at last observation (76.1% versus 44.4%; P < 0.01). When we adjusted for covariates of interest (gender, age of onset, ethnicity, and duration of follow-up), the estimated mean gain was - 0.43 logMAR (+ 21.5 ETDRS letters equivalent) versus natural history at last observation (P < 0.0001). Treatment effect was consistent across all phase 3 clinical trials. Analyses from REFLECT suggest a larger treatment effect in patients receiving bilateral injection compared to unilateral injection. CONCLUSION The efficacy of lenadogene nolparvovec in improving visual acuity in MT-ND4 LHON was confirmed in a large cohort of patients, compared to the spontaneous natural history decline. Bilateral injection of gene therapy may offer added benefits over unilateral injection. TRIAL REGISTRATION NUMBERS NCT02652780 (REVERSE); NCT02652767 (RESCUE); NCT03406104 (RESTORE); NCT03293524 (REFLECT); NCT03295071 (REALITY).
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Affiliation(s)
- Valerio Carelli
- Istituto di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico (IRCCS) Istituto delle Scienze Neurologiche di Bologna, Programma di Neurogenetica, Via Altura, 3, 40139, Bologna, BO, Italy.
- Department of Biomedical and Neuromotor Sciences (DIBINEM), University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy.
| | - Nancy J Newman
- Department of Ophthalmology, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, USA
- Department of Neurology, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, USA
- Department of Neurological Surgery, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Patrick Yu-Wai-Man
- Department of Clinical Neurosciences, Cambridge Centre for Brain Repair and MRC Mitochondrial Biology Unit, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
- Cambridge Eye Unit, Addenbrooke's Hospital, Cambridge University Hospitals, Cambridge, UK
- Moorfields Eye Hospital, NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK
- Institute of Ophthalmology, University College London, London, UK
| | - Valerie Biousse
- Department of Ophthalmology, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, USA
- Department of Neurology, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, USA
- Department of Neurological Surgery, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Mark L Moster
- Department of Neurology, Wills Eye Hospital and Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, PA, USA
- Department of Ophthalmology, Wills Eye Hospital and Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Prem S Subramanian
- Sue Anschutz-Rodgers University of Colorado Eye Center, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora, CO, USA
| | - Catherine Vignal-Clermont
- Department of Neuro Ophthalmology and Emergencies, Rothschild Foundation Hospital, Paris, France
- Centre d'Investigation Clinique, Centre Hospitalier National d'Ophtalmologie des Quinze Vingts, Paris, France
| | - An-Guor Wang
- Department of Ophthalmology, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Sean P Donahue
- Department of Ophthalmology, Neurology, and Pediatrics, Vanderbilt Eye Institute, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN, USA
| | - Bart P Leroy
- Department of Ophthalmology and Center for Medical Genetics, Ghent University Hospital, Ghent, Belgium
- Department of Head & Skin, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Robert C Sergott
- Department of Neurology, Wills Eye Hospital and Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, PA, USA
- Department of Ophthalmology, Wills Eye Hospital and Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Thomas Klopstock
- Department of Neurology, Friedrich-Baur-Institute, University Hospital, Ludwig-Maximilians-University Munich, Munich, Germany
- German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), Munich, Germany
- Munich Cluster for Systems Neurology (SyNergy), Munich, Germany
| | - Alfredo A Sadun
- David Geffen, Doheny Eye Institute, School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | | | - Bart K Chwalisz
- Department of Ophthalmology, Massachusetts Eye & Ear, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Rudrani Banik
- Department of Ophthalmology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
| | - Jean François Girmens
- Centre d'Investigation Clinique, Centre Hospitalier National d'Ophtalmologie des Quinze Vingts, Paris, France
| | - Chiara La Morgia
- Istituto di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico (IRCCS) Istituto delle Scienze Neurologiche di Bologna, Programma di Neurogenetica, Via Altura, 3, 40139, Bologna, BO, Italy
- Department of Biomedical and Neuromotor Sciences (DIBINEM), University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | - Adam A DeBusk
- Department of Neurology, Wills Eye Hospital and Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, PA, USA
- Department of Ophthalmology, Wills Eye Hospital and Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Neringa Jurkute
- Moorfields Eye Hospital, NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK
- Institute of Ophthalmology, University College London, London, UK
- Department of Neuro-Ophthalmology, The National Hospital for Neurology and Neurosurgery, University College London Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK
| | - Claudia Priglinger
- Department of Ophthalmology, University Hospital, Ludwig-Maximilians-University Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Rustum Karanjia
- David Geffen, Doheny Eye Institute, School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
- Department of Ophthalmology, University of Ottawa Eye, Ottawa, ON, Canada
| | - Constant Josse
- eXYSTAT, Data Management and Statistic, Malakoff, France
| | | | | | | | | | - José-Alain Sahel
- Institut de la Vision, Sorbonne Université, INSERM, CNRS, Paris, France
- Rothschild Foundation Hospital, Paris, France
- Department of Ophthalmology, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
- Centre Hospitalier National d'Ophtalmologie des Quinze-Vingts, Institut Hospitalo-Universitaire FOReSIGHT, INSERM-DGOS CIC 1423, Paris, France
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2
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Tagliani S, Malaventura C, Ceccato C, Parmeggiani F, Suppiej A. Leber Mitochondrial Optic Neuropathy in Pediatric Females With Focus on Very Early Onset Cases. J Child Neurol 2023; 38:5-15. [PMID: 36659874 DOI: 10.1177/08830738221149962] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
Abstract
The aim of this study was to describe the phenotype of Leber hereditary optic neuropathy occurring in pediatric females. This disease generally affects young adult males, but it can occur also in females, and research data in this population is lacking. The very early onset can challenge the diagnosis and delay treatment. We searched PubMed through February 2021 and identified 226 pediatric females with genetically confirmed Leber hereditary optic neuropathy and added a new case of a 3-year-old female. The male-female ratio was 1.8:1; the mean onset age in females was 11 years with the onset at 3 years of age occurring in 3 females only. Acute onset with mild visual impairment was the most common presentation, associated with optic disc edema in 16%. Differential diagnoses are pseudotumor cerebri, optic nerve drusen and optic neuritis. The outcome is poor with partial recovery in 50%, despite some receiving Idebenone therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sara Tagliani
- Department of Medical Sciences, Pediatric Section, University Hospital of Ferrara, Ferrara, Italy
| | - Cristina Malaventura
- Department of Medical Sciences, Pediatric Section, University Hospital of Ferrara, Ferrara, Italy
| | | | - Francesco Parmeggiani
- Department of Translational Medicine and for Romagna, 9299University of Ferrara, Ferrara, Italy.,ERN-EYE Network - Center for Retinitis Pigmentosa of Veneto Region, 196013Camposampiero Hospital, Padova, Italy
| | - Agnese Suppiej
- Department of Medical Sciences, Pediatric Section, University Hospital of Ferrara, Ferrara, Italy.,87812Robert Hollman Foundation, Padova, Italy.,ERN-EYE Network - Center for Retinitis Pigmentosa of Veneto Region, 196013Camposampiero Hospital, Padova, Italy
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3
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Sathianvichitr K, Sigkaman B, Chirapapaisan N, Laowanapiban P, Padungkiatsagul T, Apinyawasisuk S, Witthayaweerasak J, Chuenkongkaew W. The epidemiology and mutation types of Leber's hereditary optic neuropathy in Thailand. Ann Med 2022; 54:1601-1607. [PMID: 35723074 PMCID: PMC9191831 DOI: 10.1080/07853890.2022.2082517] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE Leber's hereditary optic neuropathy (LHON), the most common mitochondrial optic neuropathy, causes visual loss, especially in young adults. Due to the absence of epidemiological data in Southeast Asia, we aimed to determine Thai LHON patients' characteristics (demographic data, mutation types, and prognoses) as the first study in this region. METHODS This retrospective chart review enrolled all Thai LHON patients confirmed by three mitochondrial DNA mutations (G11778A, T14484C, and G3460A) between January 1997 and December 2016. Patients with more than one year of follow-up were included in a visual progression analysis. The Mann-Whitney U-test was applied to compare groups, and prognosis-associated factors were analysed with the generalized estimating equation. RESULTS In all, 229 patients were enrolled, with only nineteen females. Most mutations were of the G11778A type (91%), with T14484C accounting for the remainder. The age at onset of G11778A (21.9 years; interquartile range [IQR] 14.9, 33.5) was younger than that of T14484C (33.0 years; IQR 19.4, 37.5). Of 45 patients, the T14484C group demonstrated good vision recovery, whereas the G11778A group did not improve (difference in logMAR -0.7 and IQR -1.5, -0.2 versus logMAR 0.0 and IQR -0.3, 0.2, respectively; P value .001). The G11778A mutation, male, and older age were related to poor prognoses. CONCLUSIONS The leading mutation in Thai LHON patients is the G11778A missense, followed by T14484C, while G3460A was not detected. The vast majority of patients were young adult males. The G11778A mutation, older age, and male gender are associated with poor vision outcomes. Key messageThe G11778A missense mutation is the most common among Thai LHON patients, followed by T14484C, while G3460A was not found. The G11778A mutation, older age, and male gender are associated with poor vision outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kanchalika Sathianvichitr
- Department of Ophthalmology, Faculty of Medicine Siriraj Hospital, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Benjaporn Sigkaman
- Department of Ophthalmology, Bhumibol Adulyadej Hospital, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Niphon Chirapapaisan
- Department of Ophthalmology, Faculty of Medicine Siriraj Hospital, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Poramaet Laowanapiban
- Ophthalmology Service, Mettapracharak (Wat Rai Khing) Hospital, Nakhon Pathom, Thailand
| | - Tanyatuth Padungkiatsagul
- Department of Ophthalmology, Faculty of Medicine Ramathibodi Hospital, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Supanut Apinyawasisuk
- Department of Ophthalmology, Faculty of Medicine, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand.,Ophthalmology Department, King Chulalongkorn Memorial Hospital, Bangkok, Thailand
| | | | - Wanicha Chuenkongkaew
- Department of Ophthalmology, Faculty of Medicine Siriraj Hospital, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand
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Nie Z, Wang C, Chen J, Ji Y, Zhang H, Zhao F, Zhou X, Guan MX. Abnormal morphology and function in retinal ganglion cells derived from patients-specific iPSCs generated from individuals with Leber's hereditary optic neuropathy. Hum Mol Genet 2022; 32:231-243. [PMID: 35947995 PMCID: PMC9840204 DOI: 10.1093/hmg/ddac190] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2022] [Revised: 07/11/2022] [Accepted: 08/07/2022] [Indexed: 01/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Leber's hereditary optic neuropathy (LHON) is a maternally inherited eye disease that results from degeneration of retinal ganglion cells (RGC). Mitochondrial ND4 11778G > A mutation, which affects structural components of complex I, is the most prevalent LHON-associated mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) mutation worldwide. The m.11778G > A mutation is the primary contributor underlying the development of LHON and X-linked PRICKLE3 allele (c.157C > T, p.Arg53Trp) linked to biogenesis of ATPase interacts with m.11778G > A mutation to cause LHON. However, the lack of appropriate cell and animal models of LHON has been significant obstacles for deep elucidation of disease pathophysiology, specifically the tissue-specific effects. Using RGC-like cells differentiated from induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs) from members of one Chinese family (asymptomatic subjects carrying only m.11778G > A mutation or PRICKLE3 p.Arg53Trp mutation, symptomatic individuals bearing both m.11778G > A and PRICKLE3 p.Arg53Trp mutations and control lacking these mutations), we demonstrated the deleterious effects of mitochondrial dysfunctions on the morphology and functions of RGCs. Notably, iPSCs bearing only m.11778G > A or p.Arg53Trp mutation exhibited mild defects in differentiation to RGC-like cells. The RGC-like cells carrying only m.11778G > A or p.Arg53Trp mutation displayed mild defects in RGC morphology, including the area of soma and numbers of neurites, electrophysiological properties, ATP contents and apoptosis. Strikingly, those RGC-like cells derived from symptomatic individuals harboring both m.11778G > A and p.Arg53Trp mutations displayed greater defects in the development, morphology and functions than those in cells bearing single mutation. These findings provide new insights into pathophysiology of LHON arising from RGC deficiencies caused by synergy between m.11778G > A and PRICKLE3 p.Arg53Trp mutation.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Yanchun Ji
- Division of Medical Genetics and Genomics, The Children’s Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine and National Clinical Research Center for Child Health, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China,Institute of Genetics and Department of Human Genetics, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Hongxing Zhang
- Department of Ophthalmology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, Shandong, China
| | - Fuxin Zhao
- School of Optometry and Ophthalmology and Eye Hospital, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Xiangtian Zhou
- School of Optometry and Ophthalmology and Eye Hospital, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Min-Xin Guan
- To whom correspondence should be addressed at: Institute of Genetics, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, 866 Yuhangtang Road, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310058, China. Tel: 86-571-88206916; Fax: 86-571-88982377;
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5
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Jin X, Zhang J, Yi Q, Meng F, Yu J, Ji Y, Mo JQ, Tong Y, Jiang P, Guan MX. Leber's Hereditary Optic Neuropathy Arising From the Synergy Between ND1 3635G>A Mutation and Mitochondrial YARS2 Mutations. Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci 2021; 62:22. [PMID: 34156427 PMCID: PMC8237128 DOI: 10.1167/iovs.62.7.22] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Purpose To investigate the mechanism underlying the synergic interaction between Leber's hereditary optic neuropathy (LHON)-associated ND1 and mitochondrial tyrosyl-tRNA synthetase (YARS2) mutations. Methods Molecular dynamics simulation and differential scanning fluorimetry were used to evaluate the structure and stability of proteins. The impact of ND1 3635G>A and YARS2 p.G191V mutations on the oxidative phosphorylation machinery was evaluated using blue native gel electrophoresis and enzymatic activities assays. Assessment of reactive oxygen species (ROS) production in cell lines was performed by flow cytometry with MitoSOX Red reagent. Analysis of effect of mutations on autophagy was undertaken via flow cytometry for autophagic flux. Results Members of one Chinese family bearing both the YARS2 p.191Gly>Val and m.3635G>A mutations exhibited much higher penetrance of optic neuropathy than those pedigrees carrying only the m.3635G>A mutation. The m.3635G>A (p.Ser110Asn) mutation altered the ND1 structure and function, whereas the p.191Gly>Val mutation affected the stability of YARS2. Lymphoblastoid cell lines harboring both m.3635G>A and p.191Gly>Val mutations revealed more reductions in the levels of mitochondrion-encoding ND1 and CO2 than cells bearing only the m.3635G>A mutation. Strikingly, both m.3635G>A and p.191Gly>Val mutations exhibited decreases in the nucleus-encoding subunits of complex I and IV. These deficiencies manifested greater defects in the stability and activities of complex I and complex IV and overproduction of ROS and promoted greater autophagy in cell lines harboring both m.3635G>A and p.191Gly>Val mutations compared with cells bearing only the m.3635G>A mutation. Conclusions Our findings provide new insights into the pathophysiology of LHON arising from the synergy between ND1 3635G>A mutation and mitochondrial YARS2 mutations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaofen Jin
- Key Laboratory of Reproductive Genetics, Ministry of Education of PRC, The Women's Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China.,Institute of Genetics, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China.,Division of Medical Genetics and Genomics, The Children's Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, and National Clinic Research Center for Child Health, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Juanjuan Zhang
- School of Ophthalmology and Optometry, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Qiuzi Yi
- Institute of Genetics, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China.,Division of Medical Genetics and Genomics, The Children's Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, and National Clinic Research Center for Child Health, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Feilong Meng
- Institute of Genetics, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China.,Division of Medical Genetics and Genomics, The Children's Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, and National Clinic Research Center for Child Health, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Jialing Yu
- Key Laboratory of Reproductive Genetics, Ministry of Education of PRC, The Women's Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China.,Institute of Genetics, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China.,Division of Medical Genetics and Genomics, The Children's Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, and National Clinic Research Center for Child Health, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Yanchun Ji
- Institute of Genetics, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China.,Division of Medical Genetics and Genomics, The Children's Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, and National Clinic Research Center for Child Health, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Jun Q Mo
- Department of Pathology, Rady Children's Hospital, University of California School of Medicine, San Diego, California, United States
| | - Yi Tong
- School of Ophthalmology and Optometry, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Pingping Jiang
- Institute of Genetics, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China.,Division of Medical Genetics and Genomics, The Children's Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, and National Clinic Research Center for Child Health, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Min-Xin Guan
- Key Laboratory of Reproductive Genetics, Ministry of Education of PRC, The Women's Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China.,Institute of Genetics, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China.,Division of Medical Genetics and Genomics, The Children's Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, and National Clinic Research Center for Child Health, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China.,Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Genetic and Developmental Disorders, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China.,Zhejiang University-University of Toronto Joint Institute of Genetics and Genome Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
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6
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Chakraborty C, Sharma AR, Sharma G, Bhattacharya M, Patra BC, Sarkar BK, Banerjee S, Banerjee K, Lee SS. Understanding the molecular evolution of tiger diversity through DNA barcoding marker ND4 and NADH dehydrogenase complex using computational biology. Genes Genomics 2021; 43:759-773. [PMID: 33884571 DOI: 10.1007/s13258-021-01089-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2020] [Accepted: 03/19/2021] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Currently, Tigers (the top predator of an ecosystem) are on the list of endangered species. Thus the need is to understand the tiger's population genomics to design their conservation strategies. OBJECTIVE We analyzed the molecular evolution of tiger diversity using NADH dehydrogenase subunit 4 (ND4), a significant electron transport chain component. METHODS We have analyzed nucleotide composition and distribution pattern of ND genes, molecular evolution, evolutionary conservation pattern and conserved blocks of NADH, phylogenomics of ND4, and estimating species divergence, etc., using different bioinformatics tools and software, and MATLAB programming and computing environment. RESULTS The nucleotide composition and distribution pattern of ND genes in the tiger genome demonstrated an increase in the number of adenine (A) and a lower trend of A+T content in some place of the distribution analysis. However, the observed distributions were not significant (P > 0.05). Evolutionary conservation analysis showed three highly align blocks (186 to 198, 406 to 416, and 527 to 545). On mapping the molecular evolution of ND4 among model species (n = 30), we observed its presence in a broader range of species. ND4 based molecular evolution of tiger diversity and time divergence for a tiger (20 different other species) shows that genus Panthera originated more or less at a similar time. CONCLUSIONS The nucleotide composition and nucleotide distribution pattern of tiger ND genes showed the evolutionary pattern and origin of tiger and Panthera lineage concerning the molecular clock, which will help to understand their adaptive evolution.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chiranjib Chakraborty
- Institute For Skeletal Aging and Orthopedic Surgery, Hallym University-Chuncheon Sacred Heart Hospital, Chuncheon, 200704, Republic of Korea. .,Department of Biotechnology, Adamas University, North, 24 Parganas, Kolkata, West Bengal, 700126, India.
| | - Ashish Ranjan Sharma
- Institute For Skeletal Aging and Orthopedic Surgery, Hallym University-Chuncheon Sacred Heart Hospital, Chuncheon, 200704, Republic of Korea
| | - Garima Sharma
- Department of Biomedical Science & Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon, 24341, Republic of Korea
| | - Manojit Bhattacharya
- Institute For Skeletal Aging and Orthopedic Surgery, Hallym University-Chuncheon Sacred Heart Hospital, Chuncheon, 200704, Republic of Korea
| | - Bidhan C Patra
- Department of Zoology, Vidyasagar University, Midnapore, West Bengal, India
| | - Bimal Kumar Sarkar
- Department of Physics, Adamas University, North, 24 Parganas, Kolkata, West Bengal, 700126, India
| | - Saptarshi Banerjee
- School of Biosciences and Technology, VIT University, Vellore, Tamil Nadu, 632014, India
| | - Kankana Banerjee
- School of Biosciences and Technology, VIT University, Vellore, Tamil Nadu, 632014, India
| | - Sang-Soo Lee
- Institute For Skeletal Aging and Orthopedic Surgery, Hallym University-Chuncheon Sacred Heart Hospital, Chuncheon, 200704, Republic of Korea. .,Institute for Skeletal Aging and Orthopedic Surgery, Hallym University Hospital-College of Medicine, Chuncheon-si, Gangwon-do, 24252, Republic of Korea.
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7
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Newman NJ, Yu-Wai-Man P, Carelli V, Biousse V, Moster ML, Vignal-Clermont C, Sergott RC, Klopstock T, Sadun AA, Girmens JF, La Morgia C, DeBusk AA, Jurkute N, Priglinger C, Karanjia R, Josse C, Salzmann J, Montestruc F, Roux M, Taiel M, Sahel JA. Intravitreal Gene Therapy vs. Natural History in Patients With Leber Hereditary Optic Neuropathy Carrying the m.11778G>A ND4 Mutation: Systematic Review and Indirect Comparison. Front Neurol 2021; 12:662838. [PMID: 34108929 PMCID: PMC8181419 DOI: 10.3389/fneur.2021.662838] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2021] [Accepted: 03/25/2021] [Indexed: 01/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Objective: This work aimed to compare the evolution of visual outcomes in Leber hereditary optic neuropathy (LHON) patients treated with intravitreal gene therapy to the spontaneous evolution in prior natural history (NH) studies. Design: A combined analysis of two phase three randomized, double-masked, sham-controlled studies (REVERSE and RESCUE) and their joint long-term extension trial (CLIN06) evaluated the efficacy of rAAV2/2-ND4 vs. 11 pooled NH studies used as an external control. Subjects: The LHON subjects carried the m.11778G>A ND4 mutation and were aged ≥15 years at onset of vision loss. Methods: A total of 76 subjects received a single intravitreal rAAV2/2-ND4 injection in one eye and sham injection in the fellow eye within 1 year after vision loss in REVERSE and RESCUE. Both eyes were considered as treated due to the rAAV2/2-ND4 treatment efficacy observed in the contralateral eyes. Best corrected visual acuity (BCVA) from REVERSE, RESCUE, and CLIN06 up to 4.3 years after vision loss was compared to the visual acuity of 208 NH subjects matched for age and ND4 genotype. The NH subjects were from a LHON registry (REALITY) and from 10 NH studies. A locally estimated scatterplot smoothing (LOESS), non-parametric, local regression model was used to modelize visual acuity curves over time, and linear mixed model was used for statistical inferences. Main Outcome Measures: The main outcome measure was evolution of visual acuity from 12 months after vision loss, when REVERSE and RESCUE patients had been treated with rAAV2/2-ND4. Results: The LOESS curves showed that the BCVA of the treated patients progressively improved from month 12 to 52 after vision loss. At month 48, there was a statistically and clinically relevant difference in visual acuity of -0.33 logarithm of the minimal angle of resolution (LogMAR) (16.5 ETDRS letters equivalent) in favor of treated eyes vs. NH eyes (p < 0.01). Most treated eyes (88.7%) were on-chart at month 48 as compared to 48.1% of the NH eyes (p < 0.01). The treatment effect at last observation remained statistically and clinically significant when adjusted for age and duration of follow-up (-0.32 LogMAR, p < 0.0001). Conclusions: The m.11778G>A LHON patients treated with rAAV2/2-ND4 exhibited an improvement of visual acuity over more than 4 years after vision loss to a degree not demonstrated in NH studies. Clinical Trial Registration: NCT02652767, NCT02652780, NCT03406104, and NCT03295071.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nancy J. Newman
- Departments of Ophthalmology, Neurology and Neurological Surgery, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, United States
- *Correspondence: Nancy J. Newman
| | - Patrick Yu-Wai-Man
- Cambridge Centre for Brain Repair and MRC Mitochondrial Biology Unit, Department of Clinical Neurosciences, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom
- Cambridge Eye Unit, Addenbrooke's Hospital, Cambridge University Hospitals, Cambridge, United Kingdom
- Moorfields Eye Hospital National Health Service Foundation Trust, London, United Kingdom
- UCL Institute of Ophthalmology, University College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Valerio Carelli
- Istituto di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico Istituto delle Scienze Neurologiche di Bologna, Unitá Operativa Compless Clinica Neurologica, Bologna, Italy
- Unit of Neurology, Department of Biomedical and Neuromotor Sciences, University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | - Valerie Biousse
- Departments of Ophthalmology, Neurology and Neurological Surgery, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, United States
| | - Mark L. Moster
- Departments of Neurology and Ophthalmology, Wills Eye Hospital and Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, PA, United States
| | - Catherine Vignal-Clermont
- Department of Neuro Ophthalmology and Emergencies, A. de Rothschild Foundation Hospital, Paris, France
- Centre d'investigation Clinique, Centre Hospitalier National d'Ophtalmologie des Quinze Vingts, Paris, France
| | - Robert C. Sergott
- Departments of Neurology and Ophthalmology, Wills Eye Hospital and Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, PA, United States
| | - Thomas Klopstock
- Department of Neurology, Friedrich-Baur-Institute, University Hospital, Ludwig-Maximilians-University Munich, Munich, Germany
- German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases, Munich, Germany
- Munich Cluster for Systems Neurology, Munich, Germany
| | - Alfredo A. Sadun
- Doheny Eye Institute, School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, United States
| | - Jean-François Girmens
- Centre d'investigation Clinique, Centre Hospitalier National d'Ophtalmologie des Quinze Vingts, Paris, France
| | - Chiara La Morgia
- Istituto di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico Istituto delle Scienze Neurologiche di Bologna, Unitá Operativa Compless Clinica Neurologica, Bologna, Italy
| | - Adam A. DeBusk
- Departments of Neurology and Ophthalmology, Wills Eye Hospital and Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, PA, United States
| | - Neringa Jurkute
- Moorfields Eye Hospital National Health Service Foundation Trust, London, United Kingdom
- UCL Institute of Ophthalmology, University College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Claudia Priglinger
- Department of Ophthalmology, University Hospital, Ludwig-Maximilians-University Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Rustum Karanjia
- Doheny Eye Institute, School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, United States
- Department of Ophthalmology, University of Ottawa Eye, Ottawa, ON, Canada
| | - Constant Josse
- eXYSTAT, Data Management and Statistic, Malakoff, France
| | | | | | | | | | - José-Alain Sahel
- Sorbonne Université, INSERM, CNRS, Institut de la Vision, Paris, France
- A. de Rothschild Foundation Hospital, Paris, France
- Department of Ophthalmology, The University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA, United States
- CHNO des Quinze-Vingts, Institut Hospitalo-Universitaire FOReSIGHT, INSERM-DGOS CIC 1423, Paris, France
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8
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Newman NJ, Carelli V, Taiel M, Yu-Wai-Man P. Visual Outcomes in Leber Hereditary Optic Neuropathy Patients With the m.11778G>A (MTND4) Mitochondrial DNA Mutation. J Neuroophthalmol 2020; 40:547-557. [PMID: 32969847 DOI: 10.1097/wno.0000000000001045] [Citation(s) in RCA: 58] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Leber hereditary optic neuropathy (LHON) is a maternally inherited bilaterally blinding optic neuropathy, predominantly affecting otherwise healthy young individuals, mostly men. The visual prognosis is generally poor, with most patients worsening to at least 20/200 visual acuity. The m.11778G>A (MTND4) mitochondrial DNA mutation is the most common cause of LHON and is associated with poor outcomes and limited potential for meaningful visual recovery. Treatments for LHON are limited, and clinical trials are hampered by inadequate data regarding the natural history of visual loss and recovery. In this article, we review the current literature specifically related to visual function of LHON patients with the m.11778G>A mutation. EVIDENCE ACQUISITION Literature review was performed using MEDLINE through PubMed, Cochrane Reviews Library, and Orpha.net with search terms of "Leber hereditary optic neuropathy," "LHON," "ND4," "G11778A," "visual acuity," "nadir," "natural history," and "registry." All English-language, peer-reviewed publications with study cohorts of at least 5 LHON patients with the molecularly confirmed m.11778G>A mutation were included. RESULTS Meta-analysis of 12 retrospective and 3 prospective studies provided visual function information on 695 LHON patients with the m.11778G>A mutation, 100 (14.4%) of whom were reported to have "recovered" some vision, although definitions of "recovery" varied among studies and idebenone use could not always be excluded. When incorporating age at onset of visual loss into the analyses, and specifically addressing those patients aged 15 years or older, meaningful visual recovery occurred in 23 of 204 (11.3%) patients. A younger age at onset, especially less than 12 years, portends a better visual prognosis and a different natural history of visual loss progression and recovery than in adults. CONCLUSIONS The classic presentation of LHON patients with the m.11778G>A mutation of severe visual loss with rare or poor recovery from nadir still holds true for most affected individuals. Among patients 15 years and older, recovery of meaningful vision likely occurs in less than 20% of patients, irrespective of how recovery is defined, and ultimate visual acuities of better than 20/200 are rare. Adequate prospective studies with sufficient sample sizes of genotypically homogeneous untreated LHON patients stratified by age, immediately enrolled when symptomatic, followed regularly for adequate periods of time with consistent measures of visual function, and analyzed with a standard definition of visual improvement are unfortunately lacking. Future clinical trials for LHON will require more standardized reporting of the natural history of this disorder.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nancy J Newman
- Departments of Ophthalmology (NJN), Neurology and Neurological Surgery, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, Georgia, IRCCS Istituto Delle Scienze Neurologiche di Bologna (VC), UOC Clinica Neurologica, Bologna, Italy, Department of Biomedical and Neuromotor Sciences (DIBINEM) (VC), Unit of Neurology, University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy, GenSight Biologics (MT), Paris, France, Cambridge Centre for Brain Repair and MRC Mitochondrial Biology Unit (PY-W-M), Department of Clinical Neurosciences, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom, Cambridge Eye Unit (PY-W-M), Addenbrooke's Hospital, Cambridge University Hospitals, Cambridge, United Kingdom, Moorfields Eye Hospital (PY-W-M), London, United Kingdom, and UCL Institute of Ophthalmology (PY-W-M), University College London, London, United Kingdom
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9
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Yu J, Liang X, Ji Y, Ai C, Liu J, Zhu L, Nie Z, Jin X, Wang C, Zhang J, Zhao F, Mei S, Zhao X, Zhou X, Zhang M, Wang M, Huang T, Jiang P, Guan MX. PRICKLE3 linked to ATPase biogenesis manifested Leber's hereditary optic neuropathy. J Clin Invest 2020; 130:4935-4946. [PMID: 32516135 PMCID: PMC7456240 DOI: 10.1172/jci134965] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2019] [Accepted: 06/04/2020] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Leber's hereditary optic neuropathy (LHON) is a maternally inherited eye disease. X-linked nuclear modifiers were proposed to modify the phenotypic manifestation of LHON-associated mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) mutations. By whole-exome sequencing, we identified the X-linked LHON modifier (c.157C>T, p.Arg53Trp) in PRICKLE3 encoding a mitochondrial protein linked to biogenesis of ATPase in 3 Chinese families. All affected individuals carried both ND4 11778G>A and p.Arg53Trp mutations, while subjects bearing only a single mutation exhibited normal vision. The cells carrying the p.Arg53Trp mutation exhibited defective assembly, stability, and function of ATP synthase, verified by PRICKLE3-knockdown cells. Coimmunoprecipitation indicated the direct interaction of PRICKLE3 with ATP synthase via ATP8. Strikingly, cells bearing both p.Arg53Trp and m.11778G>A mutations displayed greater mitochondrial dysfunction than those carrying only a single mutation. This finding indicated that the p.Arg53Trp mutation acted in synergy with the m.11778G>A mutation and deteriorated mitochondrial dysfunctions necessary for the expression of LHON. Furthermore, we demonstrated that Prickle3-deficient mice exhibited pronounced ATPase deficiencies. Prickle3-knockout mice recapitulated LHON phenotypes with retinal deficiencies, including degeneration of retinal ganglion cells and abnormal vasculature. Our findings provided new insights into the pathophysiology of LHON that were manifested by interaction between mtDNA mutations and X-linked nuclear modifiers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jialing Yu
- Division of Medical Genetics and Genomics, Children’s Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine and National Clinical Research Center for Child Health, Hangzhou, China
- Institute of Genetics and
- Department of Human Genetics, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
- Key Laboratory of Reproductive Genetics, Ministry of Education, Hangzhou, China
| | - Xiaoyang Liang
- Institute of Genetics and
- Department of Human Genetics, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Yanchun Ji
- Division of Medical Genetics and Genomics, Children’s Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine and National Clinical Research Center for Child Health, Hangzhou, China
- Institute of Genetics and
- Department of Human Genetics, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Cheng Ai
- Institute of Genetics and
- Department of Human Genetics, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Junxia Liu
- Institute of Genetics and
- Department of Human Genetics, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Ling Zhu
- Division of Medical Genetics and Genomics, Children’s Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine and National Clinical Research Center for Child Health, Hangzhou, China
- Institute of Genetics and
- Department of Human Genetics, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Zhipeng Nie
- Institute of Genetics and
- Department of Human Genetics, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Xiaofen Jin
- Institute of Genetics and
- Department of Human Genetics, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
- Key Laboratory of Reproductive Genetics, Ministry of Education, Hangzhou, China
| | - Chenghui Wang
- Institute of Genetics and
- Department of Human Genetics, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Juanjuan Zhang
- Institute of Genetics and
- School of Optometry and Ophthalmology and Eye Hospital, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Fuxin Zhao
- School of Optometry and Ophthalmology and Eye Hospital, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Shuang Mei
- Institute of Genetics and
- Department of Human Genetics, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Xiaoxu Zhao
- Division of Medical Genetics and Genomics, Children’s Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine and National Clinical Research Center for Child Health, Hangzhou, China
- Institute of Genetics and
- Department of Human Genetics, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Xiangtian Zhou
- School of Optometry and Ophthalmology and Eye Hospital, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Minglian Zhang
- Department of Ophthalmology, Hebei Provincial Eye Hospital, Xingtai, China
| | - Meng Wang
- Division of Medical Genetics and Genomics, Children’s Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine and National Clinical Research Center for Child Health, Hangzhou, China
- Institute of Genetics and
- Department of Human Genetics, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Taosheng Huang
- Division of Human Genetics, Cincinnati Children’s Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, Ohio, USA
| | - Pingping Jiang
- Division of Medical Genetics and Genomics, Children’s Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine and National Clinical Research Center for Child Health, Hangzhou, China
- Institute of Genetics and
- Department of Human Genetics, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Min-Xin Guan
- Division of Medical Genetics and Genomics, Children’s Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine and National Clinical Research Center for Child Health, Hangzhou, China
- Institute of Genetics and
- Department of Human Genetics, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
- Key Laboratory of Reproductive Genetics, Ministry of Education, Hangzhou, China
- Joint Institute of Genetics and Genomic Medicine, Zhejiang University and University of Toronto, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
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10
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Demographics of a Large International Population of Patients Affected by Leber’s Hereditary Optic Neuropathy. Ophthalmology 2020; 127:679-688. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ophtha.2019.11.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2019] [Revised: 11/08/2019] [Accepted: 11/15/2019] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
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11
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Sun D, Wei Y, Zheng HX, Jin L, Wang J. Contribution of Mitochondrial DNA Variation to Chronic Disease in East Asian Populations. Front Mol Biosci 2019; 6:128. [PMID: 31803756 PMCID: PMC6873657 DOI: 10.3389/fmolb.2019.00128] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2019] [Accepted: 10/29/2019] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Mitochondria are the main producers of energy in eukaryotic cells. Mitochondrial dysfunction is associated with specific mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) variations (haplogroups), and these variations can contribute to human disease. East Asian populations show enrichment of many mitochondrial haplogroups, including A, B, D, G, M7, M8, M9, N9, R9, and exhibit half of the known haplogroups of worldwide. In this review, we summarize the current research in the field of mtDNA variation and associated disease in East Asian populations and discuss the physiological and pathological relevance of mitochondrial biology. mtDNA haplogroups are associated with various metabolic disorders ascribed to altered oxidative phosphorylation. The same mitochondrial haplogroup can show either a negative or positive association with different diseases. Mitochondrial dynamics, mitophagy, and mitochondrial oxidative stress, ultimately influence susceptibility to various diseases. In addition, mitochondrial retrograde signaling pathways may have profound effects on nuclear-mitochondrial interactions, affecting cellular morphology, and function. Other complex networks including proteostasis, mitochondrial unfolded protein response and reactive oxygen species signaling may also play pivotal roles in metabolic performance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dayan Sun
- State Key Laboratory of Genetic Engineering and Collaborative Innovation Center for Genetics and Development, School of Life Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai, China.,Human Phenome Institute, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Yang Wei
- State Key Laboratory of Genetic Engineering and Collaborative Innovation Center for Genetics and Development, School of Life Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai, China.,Human Phenome Institute, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Hong-Xiang Zheng
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Contemporary Anthropology, Department of Anthropology and Human Genetics, School of Life Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Li Jin
- State Key Laboratory of Genetic Engineering and Collaborative Innovation Center for Genetics and Development, School of Life Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai, China.,Human Phenome Institute, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Jiucun Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Genetic Engineering and Collaborative Innovation Center for Genetics and Development, School of Life Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai, China.,Human Phenome Institute, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
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12
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Mani S, Rao SN, Kranthi Kumar M. Genetic heterogeneity of mitochondrial genome in thiamine deficient Leigh syndrome patients. J Neurol Sci 2019; 404:91-100. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jns.2019.07.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/20/2019] [Revised: 07/03/2019] [Accepted: 07/08/2019] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
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13
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Zhang Y, Tian Z, Yuan J, Liu C, Liu HL, Ma SQ, Li B. The Progress of Gene Therapy for Leber's Optic Hereditary Neuropathy. Curr Gene Ther 2019; 17:320-326. [PMID: 29189152 PMCID: PMC5902861 DOI: 10.2174/1566523218666171129204926] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2017] [Revised: 11/16/2017] [Accepted: 11/20/2017] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
Introduction: Leber’s Optic Hereditary Neuropathy (LHON) is a common cause of teenaged blindness in both eyes for which there is currently no effective treatment. In 1871, the German ophthal-mologist Theodor Leber was the first to describe the clinical characteristics of his namesake disease, and through unremitting efforts over the past 100 years, researchers have continued to increase their under-standing of LHON. In recent years, using gene therapy, several groups have obtained breakthroughs in the treatment of the disease. Conclusion: In this article, we will review the challenging journey that researchers faced towards our current understanding of LHON, and describe the transition of gene therapy research for LHON from the bench to bedside.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yong Zhang
- Department of Ophthalmology Shiyan, Hubei University of Medicine - Taihe Hospital, Hubei. China
| | - Zhen Tian
- Department of Ophthalmology Shiyan, Hubei University of Medicine - Taihe Hospital, Hubei. China
| | - Jiajia Yuan
- Department of Ophthalmology, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology - Tongji Hospital, Wuhan Shi. China
| | - Chang Liu
- Department of Ophthalmology, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology - Tongji Hospital, Wuhan Shi. China
| | - Hong Li Liu
- Department of Ophthalmology, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology - Tongji Hospital, Wuhan Shi. China
| | - Si Qi Ma
- Department of Ophthalmology, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology - Tongji Hospital, Wuhan Shi. China
| | - Bin Li
- Department of Ophthalmology Shiyan, Hubei University of Medicine - Taihe Hospital, Hubei. China
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14
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Zhang J, Ji Y, Liu X, Chen J, Wang B, Zhang M, Guan MX. Leber's hereditary optic neuropathy caused by a mutation in mitochondrial tRNA Thr in eight Chinese pedigrees. Mitochondrion 2017; 42:84-91. [PMID: 29225014 DOI: 10.1016/j.mito.2017.12.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2017] [Revised: 11/09/2017] [Accepted: 12/06/2017] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE The purpose of this study was to investigate the pathophysiology underlying Leber's hereditary optic neuropathy (LHON)-associated mitochondrial tRNA mutation. METHODS Severn hundred ninety-seven Han Chinese subjects underwent clinical and genetic evaluation and analysis of mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA). The cybrid cell lines were constructed by transferring mitochondria from lymphoblastoid cell lines derived from a Chinese family into mtDNA-less (ρo) cells. These cell lines were assayed by tRNA Northern blot and Western blot analyses, respiratory enzymatic activities, the rate of ATP production and the generation of reactive oxygen species. RESULTS The tRNAThr 15927G>A mutation was identified in eight probands with suggestively maternal inheritance among 352 Han Chinese probands lacking these known LHON-associated mtDNA mutations. The m.15927G>A mutation affected a highly conserved guanine at position 42 at the anticodon-stem of tRNAThr, destabilizing the conservative base pairing (28C-42G). We therefore hypothesized that the m.15927G>A mutation, and altered the structure and function of tRNAThr. Northern blot analysis revealed 60% decrease in the steady-state level of tRNAThr in the mutant cell lines. Western blot analysis showed the variable reductions of 4 mtDNA encoding proteins, especially for marked decrease of ND1 and CYTB observed in mutant cell lines. Furthermore, we demonstrated that the m.15927G>A mutation decreased the activities of mitochondrial complexes I and III, markedly diminished mitochondrial ATP levels, and increased the production of reactive oxygen species in the mutant cells. CONCLUSIONS Our data demonstrated the first mitochondrial tRNA mutation leading to LHON. Our findings may provide new insights into the understanding of pathophysiology of LHON.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juanjuan Zhang
- School of Ophthalmology and Optometry, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China; Attardi Institute of Mitochondrial Biomedicine, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Yanchun Ji
- Division of Medical Genetics and Genomics, Zhejiang Children's Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China; Institute of Genetics, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Xiaoling Liu
- School of Ophthalmology and Optometry, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Jie Chen
- Attardi Institute of Mitochondrial Biomedicine, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Bibin Wang
- Attardi Institute of Mitochondrial Biomedicine, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Minglian Zhang
- Department of Ophthalmology, Hebei Provincial Eye Hospital, Xingtai, Hebei, China
| | - Min-Xin Guan
- Attardi Institute of Mitochondrial Biomedicine, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China; Division of Medical Genetics and Genomics, Zhejiang Children's Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China; Institute of Genetics, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China; Department of Ophthalmology, Hebei Provincial Eye Hospital, Xingtai, Hebei, China; Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China.
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15
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Chen H, Sun M, Fan Z, Tong M, Chen G, Li D, Ye J, Yang Y, Zhu Y, Zhu J. Mitochondrial C4375T mutation might be a molecular risk factor in a maternal Chinese hypertensive family under haplotype C. Clin Exp Hypertens 2017; 40:518-523. [PMID: 29200319 DOI: 10.1080/10641963.2017.1403622] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
Here, we reported a Han Chinese essential hypertensive pedigree based on clinical hereditary and molecular data. To know the molecular basis on this family, mitochondrial genome of one proband from the family was identified through direct sequencing analysis. The age of onset year and affected degree of patients are different in this family. And matrilineal family members carrying C4375T mutation and belong to Eastern Asian halopgroup C. Phylogenetic analysis shows 4375C is highly conservative in 17 species. It is suggested that these mutations might participate in the development of hypertension in this family. And halopgroup C might play a modifying role on the phenotype in this Chinese hypertensive family.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hong Chen
- a Intensive Care Unit , Ningbo First Hospital, Ningbo, China.,b Intensive Care Unit , Ningbo Hospital of Zhejiang University, Ningbo, China
| | - Min Sun
- a Intensive Care Unit , Ningbo First Hospital, Ningbo, China.,b Intensive Care Unit , Ningbo Hospital of Zhejiang University, Ningbo, China
| | - Zhen Fan
- a Intensive Care Unit , Ningbo First Hospital, Ningbo, China.,b Intensive Care Unit , Ningbo Hospital of Zhejiang University, Ningbo, China
| | - Maoqing Tong
- c Department of Cardiology , Ningbo First Hospital, Ningbo, China.,d Key Laboratory of Molecular Medicine , Ningbo First Hospital , Ningbo , Zhejiang P.R. China
| | - Guodong Chen
- a Intensive Care Unit , Ningbo First Hospital, Ningbo, China.,b Intensive Care Unit , Ningbo Hospital of Zhejiang University, Ningbo, China
| | - Danhui Li
- a Intensive Care Unit , Ningbo First Hospital, Ningbo, China.,b Intensive Care Unit , Ningbo Hospital of Zhejiang University, Ningbo, China
| | - Jihui Ye
- a Intensive Care Unit , Ningbo First Hospital, Ningbo, China.,b Intensive Care Unit , Ningbo Hospital of Zhejiang University, Ningbo, China
| | - Yumin Yang
- a Intensive Care Unit , Ningbo First Hospital, Ningbo, China.,b Intensive Care Unit , Ningbo Hospital of Zhejiang University, Ningbo, China
| | - Yongding Zhu
- a Intensive Care Unit , Ningbo First Hospital, Ningbo, China.,b Intensive Care Unit , Ningbo Hospital of Zhejiang University, Ningbo, China
| | - Jianhua Zhu
- a Intensive Care Unit , Ningbo First Hospital, Ningbo, China.,b Intensive Care Unit , Ningbo Hospital of Zhejiang University, Ningbo, China
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16
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Ji Y, Qiao L, Liang X, Zhu L, Gao Y, Zhang J, Jia Z, Wei QP, Liu X, Jiang P, Guan MX. Leber's hereditary optic neuropathy is potentially associated with a novel m.5587T>C mutation in two pedigrees. Mol Med Rep 2017; 16:8997-9004. [PMID: 28990081 DOI: 10.3892/mmr.2017.7734] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2016] [Accepted: 07/21/2017] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Mitochondrial (mt)DNA mutations have been revealed to be associated with Leber's hereditary optic neuropathy (LHON). The present study conducted clinical, genetic and molecular evaluations of two Han Chinese families. A total of 4 (3 men and 1 female) out of 14 matrilineal relatives in the families exhibited visual impairment with variable severity and age of onset. The average age of onset of visual loss was 20.5 years old. Molecular analysis of the complete mitochondrial genome in these pedigrees demonstrated that the three primary mutations associated with LHON were not detected; however, the homoplasmic m.5587T>C mutation was identified, which was localized at the end of the mitochondrially encoded transfer (t)RNA alanine gene and may alter the tertiary structure of this tRNA. Subsequently, this structural alteration may result in tRNA metabolism failure. In addition, distinct sets of mtDNA polymorphisms belonging to haplogroup F1 were detected in both families tested. The findings of the present study suggested that the m.5587T>C mutation may be involved in the pathogenesis of visual impairment. In addition, the mtDNA variant m.15024G>A(p.C93H) in the mitochondrially encoded cytochrome B gene was detected in both families, which exhibited evolutionary conservation, indicating it may serve a potential modifying role in the development of visual impairment associated with m.5587T>C mutation in these families. Furthermore, other modifying factors, including nuclear modifier genes, and environmental and personal factors may also contribute to the development of LHON in subjects carrying this mutation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanchun Ji
- Division of Clinical Genetics and Genomics, The Children's Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310058, P.R. China
| | - Lihua Qiao
- Division of Clinical Genetics and Genomics, The Children's Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310058, P.R. China
| | - Xiaoyang Liang
- Division of Clinical Genetics and Genomics, The Children's Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310058, P.R. China
| | - Ling Zhu
- Division of Clinical Genetics and Genomics, The Children's Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310058, P.R. China
| | - Yinglong Gao
- Division of Clinical Genetics and Genomics, The Children's Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310058, P.R. China
| | - Juanjuan Zhang
- School of Ophthalmology and Optometry, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang 325025, P.R. China
| | - Zidong Jia
- Institute of Genetics, Zhejiang University and Department of Genetics, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310058, P.R. China
| | - Qi-Ping Wei
- Department of Ophthalmology, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing 100029, P.R. China
| | - Xiaoling Liu
- School of Ophthalmology and Optometry, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang 325025, P.R. China
| | - Pingping Jiang
- Division of Clinical Genetics and Genomics, The Children's Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310058, P.R. China
| | - Min-Xin Guan
- Division of Clinical Genetics and Genomics, The Children's Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310058, P.R. China
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17
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Morrow EH, Camus MF. Mitonuclear epistasis and mitochondrial disease. Mitochondrion 2017; 35:119-122. [PMID: 28603048 DOI: 10.1016/j.mito.2017.06.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2017] [Revised: 06/06/2017] [Accepted: 06/06/2017] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Edward H Morrow
- School of Life Sciences, University of Sussex, Brighton BN1 9QG, United Kingdom.
| | - M Florencia Camus
- Department of Genetics, Evolution and Environment, University College London, London WC1E 6BT, United Kingdom
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Jiang P, Liang M, Zhang C, Zhao X, He Q, Cui L, Liu X, Sun YH, Fu Q, Ji Y, Bai Y, Huang T, Guan MX. Biochemical evidence for a mitochondrial genetic modifier in the phenotypic manifestation of Leber's hereditary optic neuropathy-associated mitochondrial DNA mutation. Hum Mol Genet 2016; 25:3613-3625. [PMID: 27427386 DOI: 10.1093/hmg/ddw199] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2016] [Revised: 06/08/2016] [Accepted: 06/21/2016] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Leber's hereditary optic neuropathy (LHON) is the most common mitochondrial disease. Mitochondrial modifiers are proposed to modify the phenotypic expression of primary LHON-associated mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) mutations. In this study, we demonstrated that the LHON susceptibility allele (m.14502T > C, p. 58I > V) in the ND6 gene modulated the phenotypic expression of primary LHON-associated m.11778G > A mutation. Twenty-two Han Chinese pedigrees carrying m.14502T > C and m.11778G > A mutations exhibited significantly higher penetrance of optic neuropathy than those carrying only m.11778G > A mutation. We performed functional assays using the cybrid cell models, generated by fusing mtDNA-less ρo cells with enucleated cells from LHON patients carrying both m.11778G > A and m.14502T > C mutations, only m.14502T > C or m.11778G > A mutation and a control belonging to the same mtDNA haplogroup. These cybrids cell lines bearing m.14502T > C mutation exhibited mild effects on mitochondrial functions compared with those carrying only m.11778G > A mutation. However, more severe mitochondrial dysfunctions were observed in cell lines bearing both m.14502T > C and m.11778G > A mutations than those carrying only m.11778G > A or m.14502T > C mutation. In particular, the m.14502T > C mutation altered assemble of complex I, thereby aggravating the respiratory phenotypes associated with m.11778G > A mutation, resulted in a more defective complex I. Furthermore, more reductions in the levels of mitochondrial ATP and increasing production of reactive oxygen species were also observed in mutant cells bearing both m.14502T > C and m.11778G > A mutation than those carrying only 11778G > A mutation. Our findings provided new insights into the pathophysiology of LHON that were manifested by interaction between primary and secondary mtDNA mutations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pingping Jiang
- Divsion of Medical Genetics and Genomics, The Children's Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou 310058, China.,Institute of Genetics, Zhejiang University and Department of Genetics, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310058, China
| | - Min Liang
- Institute of Genetics, Zhejiang University and Department of Genetics, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310058, China.,Department of Clinical Laboratory, The First Affiliated Hospital.,School of Ophthalmology and Optometry
| | - Chaofan Zhang
- Institute of Genetics, Zhejiang University and Department of Genetics, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310058, China
| | - Xiaoxu Zhao
- Institute of Genetics, Zhejiang University and Department of Genetics, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310058, China
| | - Qiufen He
- Institute of Genetics, Zhejiang University and Department of Genetics, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310058, China
| | - Limei Cui
- Institute of Genetics, Zhejiang University and Department of Genetics, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310058, China
| | - Xiaoling Liu
- School of Ophthalmology and Optometry.,Attardi Institute of Mitochondrial Biomedicine, School of Life Sciences, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang 325035, China
| | - Yan-Hong Sun
- Department of Ophthalmology, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine and Pharmacology, Beijing 100029, China
| | - Qun Fu
- Department of Ophthalmology, The Third Affiliated Hospital, Xinxiang Medical College, Xinxiang, Henan 45300, China
| | - Yanchun Ji
- Institute of Genetics, Zhejiang University and Department of Genetics, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310058, China
| | - Yidong Bai
- Department of Cellular & Structural Biology, University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio, San Antonio, TX 78229, USA
| | - Taosheng Huang
- Division of Human Genetics, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, Ohio, OH 45229, USA
| | - Min-Xin Guan
- Divsion of Medical Genetics and Genomics, The Children's Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou 310058, China .,Institute of Genetics, Zhejiang University and Department of Genetics, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310058, China.,Joining Institute of Genetics and Genomic Medicine between Zhejiang University and University of Toronto, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310058, China
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Xie S, Zhang J, Sun J, Zhang M, Zhao F, Wei QP, Tong Y, Liu X, Zhou X, Jiang P, Ji Y, Guan MX. Mitochondrial haplogroup D4j specific variant m.11696G > a(MT-ND4) may increase the penetrance and expressivity of the LHON-associated m.11778G > a mutation in Chinese pedigrees. Mitochondrial DNA A DNA Mapp Seq Anal 2016; 28:434-441. [PMID: 27159682 DOI: 10.3109/19401736.2015.1136304] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
Abstract
Leber's hereditary optic neuropathy (LHON) is one of the most common mitochondrial disorders. We report here the clinical, genetic and molecular analysis of mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) in eight Han Chinese families carrying the known mitochondrial 11778G > A(MT-ND4) mutation. Thirty-seven (26 males/11 females) of 77 matrilineal relatives in these families exhibited the variable severity and age-at-onset of optic neuropathy. The penetrances were from 25% to 75%, with the average of 42%, and the age-at-onset for visual impairment varied from 10 to 25 years, with the average of 17 in these Chinese pedigrees. Molecular analysis of their mtDNA identified distinct sets of variants belonging to the Eastern Asian haplogroupD4j. Except the known m.11778G > A mutation, the m.11696G > A(MT-ND4) mutation caused the substitution of an isoleucine for valineat amino acid position 313, located in a predicted transmembrane region of ND4. And, it is reported that the m.11696G > A mutation was associated with LHON, and appeared to contribute to higher penetrance in these nine Chinese families than other Chinese families carrying only the m.11778G > A mutation. Therefore, the mitochondrial haplogroup D4j specific m.11696G > A mutation may act in synergy with the primary LHON-associated m.11778G > A mutation, thereby increasing the penetrance and expressivity of visual loss in these Chinese families.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shipeng Xie
- a Department of Ophthalmology , Xingtai Eye Hospital , Xingtai , Hebei , China
| | - Juanjuan Zhang
- b Institute of Genetics , Zhejiang University School of Medicine , Hangzhou , Zhejiang , China.,c School of Ophthalmology and Optometry , Wenzhou Medical University , Wenzhou , Zhejiang , China
| | - Jiji Sun
- b Institute of Genetics , Zhejiang University School of Medicine , Hangzhou , Zhejiang , China
| | - Minglian Zhang
- a Department of Ophthalmology , Xingtai Eye Hospital , Xingtai , Hebei , China
| | - Fuxin Zhao
- c School of Ophthalmology and Optometry , Wenzhou Medical University , Wenzhou , Zhejiang , China.,d Attardi Institute of Mitochondrial Biomedicine , Wenzhou Medical University , Wenzhou , Zhejiang , China
| | - Qi-Ping Wei
- e Department of Ophthalmology , Dongfang Hospital, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine and Pharmacology , Beijing , China
| | - Yi Tong
- c School of Ophthalmology and Optometry , Wenzhou Medical University , Wenzhou , Zhejiang , China
| | - Xiaoling Liu
- c School of Ophthalmology and Optometry , Wenzhou Medical University , Wenzhou , Zhejiang , China
| | - Xiangtian Zhou
- c School of Ophthalmology and Optometry , Wenzhou Medical University , Wenzhou , Zhejiang , China
| | - Pingping Jiang
- b Institute of Genetics , Zhejiang University School of Medicine , Hangzhou , Zhejiang , China.,f Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases , Zhejiang University , Hangzhou , China
| | - Yanchun Ji
- b Institute of Genetics , Zhejiang University School of Medicine , Hangzhou , Zhejiang , China
| | - Min-Xin Guan
- a Department of Ophthalmology , Xingtai Eye Hospital , Xingtai , Hebei , China.,f Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases , Zhejiang University , Hangzhou , China.,g Division of Pathology , Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center , Cincinnati , OH , USA
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20
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Jiang P, Jin X, Peng Y, Wang M, Liu H, Liu X, Zhang Z, Ji Y, Zhang J, Liang M, Zhao F, Sun YH, Zhang M, Zhou X, Chen Y, Mo JQ, Huang T, Qu J, Guan MX. The exome sequencing identified the mutation in YARS2 encoding the mitochondrial tyrosyl-tRNA synthetase as a nuclear modifier for the phenotypic manifestation of Leber's hereditary optic neuropathy-associated mitochondrial DNA mutation. Hum Mol Genet 2015; 25:584-96. [PMID: 26647310 DOI: 10.1093/hmg/ddv498] [Citation(s) in RCA: 83] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2015] [Accepted: 12/01/2015] [Indexed: 01/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Leber's hereditary optic neuropathy (LHON) is the most common mitochondrial disorder. Nuclear modifier genes are proposed to modify the phenotypic expression of LHON-associated mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) mutations. By using an exome sequencing approach, we identified a LHON susceptibility allele (c.572G>T, p.191Gly>Val) in YARS2 gene encoding mitochondrial tyrosyl-tRNA synthetase, which interacts with m.11778G>A mutation to cause visual failure. We performed functional assays by using lymphoblastoid cell lines derived from members of Chinese families (asymptomatic individuals carrying m.11778G>A mutation, or both m.11778G>A and heterozygous p.191Gly>Val mutations and symptomatic subjects harboring m.11778G>A and homozygous p.191Gly>Val mutations) and controls lacking these mutations. The 191Gly>Val mutation reduced the YARS2 protein level in the mutant cells. The aminoacylated efficiency and steady-state level of tRNA(Tyr) were markedly decreased in the cell lines derived from patients both carrying homozygous YARS2 p.191Gly>Val and m.11778G>A mutations. The failure in tRNA(Tyr) metabolism impaired mitochondrial translation, especially for polypeptides with high content of tyrosine codon such as ND4, ND5, ND6 and COX2 in cells lines carrying homozygous YARS2 p.191Gly>Val and m.11778G>A mutations. The YARS2 p.191Gly>Val mutation worsened the respiratory phenotypes associated with m.11778G>A mutation, especially reducing activities of complexes I and IV. The respiratory deficiency altered the efficiency of mitochondrial ATP synthesis and increased the production of reactive oxygen species. Thus, mutated YARS2 aggravates mitochondrial dysfunctions associated with the m.11778G>A mutation, exceeding the threshold for the expression of blindness phenotype. Our findings provided new insights into the pathophysiology of LHON that were manifested by interaction between mtDNA mutation and mutated nuclear-modifier YARS2.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pingping Jiang
- Institute of Genetics, Zhejiang University, School of Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Xiaofen Jin
- Institute of Genetics, Zhejiang University, School of Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Yanyan Peng
- Institute of Genetics, Zhejiang University, School of Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China, Division of Human Genetics, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH, USA
| | - Meng Wang
- Institute of Genetics, Zhejiang University, School of Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Hao Liu
- Institute of Genetics, Zhejiang University, School of Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Xiaoling Liu
- School of Ophthalmology and Optometry, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China, Attardi Institute of Mitochondrial Biomedicine, School of Life Sciences, Wenzhou Medical College, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Zengjun Zhang
- School of Ophthalmology and Optometry, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China, Attardi Institute of Mitochondrial Biomedicine, School of Life Sciences, Wenzhou Medical College, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Yanchun Ji
- Institute of Genetics, Zhejiang University, School of Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Juanjuan Zhang
- Institute of Genetics, Zhejiang University, School of Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China, School of Ophthalmology and Optometry, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China, Attardi Institute of Mitochondrial Biomedicine, School of Life Sciences, Wenzhou Medical College, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Min Liang
- Institute of Genetics, Zhejiang University, School of Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Fuxin Zhao
- School of Ophthalmology and Optometry, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China, Attardi Institute of Mitochondrial Biomedicine, School of Life Sciences, Wenzhou Medical College, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Yan-Hong Sun
- Department of Ophthalmology, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine and Pharmacology, Beijing, China
| | - Minglian Zhang
- Department of Ophthalmology, Hebei Provincial Eye Hospital, Xingtai, Hebei, China and
| | - Xiangtian Zhou
- School of Ophthalmology and Optometry, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China, Attardi Institute of Mitochondrial Biomedicine, School of Life Sciences, Wenzhou Medical College, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Ye Chen
- Institute of Genetics, Zhejiang University, School of Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Jun Qin Mo
- Department of Pathology, Rady Children's Hospital, University of California School of Medicine, San Diego, CA, USA
| | - Taosheng Huang
- Division of Human Genetics, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH, USA
| | - Jia Qu
- School of Ophthalmology and Optometry, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China, Attardi Institute of Mitochondrial Biomedicine, School of Life Sciences, Wenzhou Medical College, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Min-Xin Guan
- Institute of Genetics, Zhejiang University, School of Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China,
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21
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Bai HP, Liu P, Wu YM, Guo WY, Guo YX, Wang XL. Activation of spinal GABAB receptors normalizes N-methyl-D-aspartate receptor in diabetic neuropathy. J Neurol Sci 2014; 341:68-72. [PMID: 24787504 DOI: 10.1016/j.jns.2014.04.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2014] [Revised: 03/16/2014] [Accepted: 04/01/2014] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
N-methyl-D-aspartate receptor (NMDAR) activity is increased, while GABAB receptor is downregulated in the spinal cord dorsal horn in diabetic neuropathy. In this study, we determined the interaction of NMDARs and GABAB receptors in streptozotocin (STZ)-induced diabetic neuropathy. The paw withdrawal threshold (PWT) was significantly lower in STZ-treated rats than in vehicle-treated rats. Intrathecal injection of baclofen, a GABAB receptor agonist, significantly increased the PWT in STZ-treated rats, an effect that was abolished by pre-administration of the GABAB receptor specific antagonist CGP55845. Spinal NR2B, an NMDA receptor subunit, protein and mRNA expression levels were significantly higher in STZ-treated rats than in vehicle-treated rats. Intrathecal baclofen significantly reduced the NR2B protein and mRNA expression levels in STZ-treated rats. Intrathecal administration of CGP55845 eliminated baclofen-induced reduction of NR2B protein and mRNA levels in STZ-treated rats. In addition, the phosphorylated cAMP response element-binding (CREB) protein level was significantly higher in the spinal cord dorsal horn in STZ-treated rats compared with vehicle-treated rats. Intrathecal injection of baclofen significantly decreased phosphorylated CREB protein level in STZ-treated rats; an effect was blocked by CGP55845. These data suggest that activation of GABAB receptors in the spinal cord dorsal horn normalizes NMDAR expression level in diabetic neuropathic pain.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hui-Ping Bai
- Department of Anesthesiology, The Third Hospital of Hebei Medical University, China
| | - Peng Liu
- Department of Anesthesiology, The Third Hospital of Hebei Medical University, China
| | - Yu-Ming Wu
- Department of Physiology, Hebei Medical University, China
| | - Wen-Ya Guo
- Department of Anesthesiology, The Third Hospital of Hebei Medical University, China
| | - Yue-Xian Guo
- Department of Urology, The Third Hospital of Hebei Medical University, China
| | - Xiu-Li Wang
- Department of Anesthesiology, The Third Hospital of Hebei Medical University, China.
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22
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Mitochondrial tRNA glutamine variant in hypertrophic cardiomyopathy. Herz 2013; 40:436-41. [PMID: 24068026 DOI: 10.1007/s00059-013-3950-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2013] [Accepted: 08/11/2013] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Mitochondria play critical roles in both the life and death of cardiac myocytes. Pathogenic mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) mutations leading to mitochondrial dysfunction can cause cardiomyopathies (CMPs). Our aim was to investigate the underlying mitochondrial defect in a patient with hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (hCMP). A detailed clinical and molecular genetic analysis was performed. PATIENTS AND METHODS Total DNA was extracted from lymphocytes in a 14-year-old index male patient with hCMP, preexcitation syndrome, and severe ventricular arrhythmias. Direct sequencing of the PCR fragments was performed. To distinguish deleterious from functionally neutral variants, the ClustalW program, RNAfold software, and PolyPhen algorithm were applied, which predict the pathogenicity of a particular variant by using a set of empirical rules based on the nature of the mutation, the phylogenetic conservation of the variant, and the physicochemical property of the amino acid. RESULTS The mutational analysis of mtDNA genes revealed four variants. The m.4395A>G transition (C6G) in the MT-TQ gene, which altered an evolutionary conserved nucleotide, with a conservation index of 85.7 % and affected a highly conserved U.G base pair in the secondary structure of MT-TQ. Additionally, the previously reported polymorphisms m.14757T>A, m.15236A>G, and m.15314G>A resulting in the replacement of amino acid residues in the MT-CYB gene were detected. CONCLUSION The m.4395A>G variant was scored as possibly pathogenic and may exert a negative effect on heart function to generate hCMP.
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Pfeiffer ML, Hashemi N, Foroozan R, Lee AG. Late-onset Leber hereditary optic neuropathy. Clin Exp Ophthalmol 2013; 41:690-3. [DOI: 10.1111/ceo.12091] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2012] [Accepted: 01/10/2013] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Rod Foroozan
- Department of Ophthalmology; Baylor College of Medicine; Houston
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Gürkan H, Ozal SA, Esgin H. Results of Mitochondrial DNA Sequence Analysis in Patients with Clinically Diagnosed Leber's Hereditary Optic Neuropathy. Balkan Med J 2012; 29:306-9. [PMID: 25207020 DOI: 10.5152/balkanmedj.2012.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2011] [Accepted: 02/24/2012] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To investigate possible mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) mutations in patients with Leber's hereditary optic neuropathy (LHON) in order to provide a precise diagnosis and genetic counseling. MATERIAL AND METHODS Between 1982 and 2007, ten patients were clinically diagnosed with LHON and six of these patients agreed to be involved in this study. Six healthy individuals were also included as a control group. mtDNA was isolated from peripheral blood samples and polymerase chain reaction and mtDNA sequence analysis were performed. RESULTS In one of the six patients, a homoplasmic mutant m.11778G>A mutation was detected. All of the clinically diagnosed LHON patients and the control groups had the m.14212C>T and m.14580G>A single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs). The m.11719A>G SNP was detected in three of six patients and four of the controls. Two of the six patients had the m.3197T>C SNP and, in addition, the m.14258G>A SNP was found in one of these two patients, while neither of these mutations were present in the control group. CONCLUSION The clinical diagnosis of LHON could be supported by molecular genetics only in one patient by the detection of one mutation. The m.3197T>C and m.14258G>A SNPs should be considered as potential mtDNA mutations due to the fact that they were detected in the patient group. These mutations should be investigated further in large case groups for suspected gene loci that could lead to optic neuropathy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hakan Gürkan
- Department of Medical Biology, İstanbul Faculty of Medicine, İstanbul University, İstanbul, Turkey
| | - Sadık Altan Ozal
- Department of Ophtalmology, Faculty of Medicine, Trakya University, Edirne, Turkey
| | - Haluk Esgin
- Department of Ophtalmology, Faculty of Medicine, Trakya University, Edirne, Turkey
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Zhou X, Qian Y, Zhang J, Tong Y, Jiang P, Liang M, Dai X, Zhou H, Zhao F, Ji Y, Mo JQ, Qu J, Guan MX. Leber's hereditary optic neuropathy is associated with the T3866C mutation in mitochondrial ND1 gene in three Han Chinese Families. Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci 2012; 53:4586-94. [PMID: 22577081 DOI: 10.1167/iovs.11-9109] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE To investigate the pathophysiology of Leber's hereditary optic neuropathy (LHON). METHODS Seventy-one subjects from three Chinese families with LHON underwent clinical, genetic, molecular, and biochemical evaluations. Biochemical characterizations included the measurements of the rates of endogenous, substrate-dependent respirations, the adenosine triphosphate (ATP) production and generation of reactive oxygen species using lymphoblastoid cell lines derived from five affected matrilineal relatives of these families and three control subjects. RESULTS Ten of 41 matrilineal relatives exhibited variable severity and age at onset of optic neuropathy. The average age at onset of optic neuropathy in matrilineal relatives of the three families was 5, 11, and 24 years, respectively. Molecular analysis identified the ND1 T3866C (I187T) mutation and distinct sets of polymorphisms belonging to the Eastern Asian haplogroups D4a, M10a, and R, respectively. The I187T mutation is localized at the highly conserved isoleucine at a transmembrane domain of the ND1 polypeptide. The marked reductions in the rate of endogenous, malate/glutamate-promoted and succinate/glycerol-3-phosphate-promoted respiration were observed in mutant cell lines carrying the T3866C mutation. The deficient respiration is responsible for the reduced ATP synthesis and increased generation of reactive oxygen species. CONCLUSIONS Our data convincingly show that the ND1 T3866C mutation leads to LHON. This mutation may be insufficient to produce a clinical phenotype. Other modifier factors may contribute to the phenotypic manifestation of the T3866C mutation. The T3866C mutation should be added to the list of inherited factors for molecular diagnosis of LHON. Thus, our findings may provide new insights into the understanding of pathophysiology and valuable information on the management of LHON.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiangtian Zhou
- School of Ophthalmology and Optometry, Wenzhou Medical College, Zhejiang, China
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26
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Shu L, Zhang YM, Huang XX, Chen CY, Zhang XN. Complete mitochondrial DNA sequence analysis in two southern Chinese pedigrees with Leber hereditary optic neuropathy revealed secondary mutations along with the primary mutation. Int J Ophthalmol 2012; 5:28-31. [PMID: 22553750 DOI: 10.3980/j.issn.2222-3959.2012.01.06] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2011] [Accepted: 01/10/2012] [Indexed: 11/02/2022] Open
Abstract
AIM To investigate mitochondrial factors associated with Leber hereditary optic neuropathy (LHON) through complete sequencing and analysis of the mitochondrial genome of Chinese patients with this disease. METHODS Two unrelated southern Chinese families with LHON and 10 matched healthy controls were recruited, and their entire mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) was amplified and sequenced with the universal M13 primer. Then DNA sequence analysis and variation identification were perfomed by DNAssist and Chromas 2 software and compared with authoritative databases such as Mitomap. RESULTS Mutational analysis of mtDNA in these two Chinese pedigrees revealed one common LHON-associated mutation, G11778A (Arg→His), in the MT-ND4 gene. In addition, there were two secondary mutations in Pedigree 1: C3497T (Ala→Val), and C3571T (Leu→Phe) in the MT-ND1 gene, which have not been reported; and two secondary mutations occurred in Pedigree 2: A10398G (Thr→Ala) in the MT-ND3 gene, and T14502C (Ile→Val) in the MT-ND6 gene. Three polymorphisms, A73G, G94A and A263G in the mtDNA control region, were also found. CONCLUSION Our study confirmed that the known MT-ND4*G11778A mutation is the most significant cause of LHON. The C3497T and C3571T mutations in Pedigree 1 were also both at hot-spots of MT-ND1; they may affect the respiratory chain in coordination with the primary mutation G11778A. In Pedigree 2, the two secondary mutations A10398G of MT-ND3 and T14502C of MT-ND6 may influence mitochondrial respiratory complex I, leading to the mitochondrial respiratory chain dysfunction which results in optic atrophy together with G11778A. Therefore, not only the common primary LHON mutation is responsible for the visual atrophy, but other secondary mtDNA mutations should also be considered when giving genetic counseling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lei Shu
- Hangzhou Red Cross Hospital, Hangzhou 310003, Zhejiang Province, China
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27
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Van Bergen NJ, Chakrabarti R, O’Neill EC, Crowston JG, Trounce IA. Mitochondrial disorders and the eye. Eye Brain 2011; 3:29-47. [PMID: 28539774 PMCID: PMC5436186 DOI: 10.2147/eb.s16192] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
The clinical significance of disturbed mitochondrial function in the eye has emerged since mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) mutation was described in Leber's hereditary optic neuropathy. The spectrum of mitochondrial dysfunction has become apparent through increased understanding of the contribution of nuclear and somatic mtDNA mutations to mitochondrial dynamics and function. Common ophthalmic manifestations of mitochondrial dysfunction include optic atrophy, pigmentary retinopathy, and ophthalmoplegia. The majority of patients with ocular manifestations of mitochondrial disease also have variable central and peripheral nervous system involvement. Mitochondrial dysfunction has recently been associated with age-related retinal disease including macular degeneration and glaucoma. Therefore, therapeutic targets directed at promoting mitochondrial biogenesis and function offer a potential to both preserve retinal function and attenuate neurodegenerative processes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicole J Van Bergen
- Centre for Eye Research Australia, Department of Ophthalmology, University of Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Rahul Chakrabarti
- Centre for Eye Research Australia, Department of Ophthalmology, University of Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Evelyn C O’Neill
- Centre for Eye Research Australia, Department of Ophthalmology, University of Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Jonathan G Crowston
- Centre for Eye Research Australia, Department of Ophthalmology, University of Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Ian A Trounce
- Centre for Eye Research Australia, Department of Ophthalmology, University of Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
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Qian Y, Zhou X, Liang M, Qu J, Guan MX. The altered activity of complex III may contribute to the high penetrance of Leber's hereditary optic neuropathy in a Chinese family carrying the ND4 G11778A mutation. Mitochondrion 2011; 11:871-7. [PMID: 21742061 DOI: 10.1016/j.mito.2011.06.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2011] [Revised: 05/13/2011] [Accepted: 06/24/2011] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
The ND4 G11778A mutation is the most common mitochondrial DNA mutation leading to Leber's hereditary optic neuropathy (LHON). Despite considerable clinical evidences, the modifier role of nuclear background and mitochondrial haplotypes in phenotypic manifestation of LHON remains poorly understood. We investigated the effect of these modifiers on bioenergetics in lymphoblastoid cell lines derived from five affected subjects of one Chinese family carrying the G11778A mutation and five Chinese controls. Significant reductions in the activities of complexes I and III were observed in mutant cell lines from the Chinese family, whereas the mutant cell lines from other families carrying the same mutation exhibited only reduced activity of complex I. The reduced activities of complexes I and III caused remarkably higher reductions of ATP synthesis in mutant cell lines from the Chinese family than those from other families. The deficient respiration increased generation of reactive oxygen species. The defect in complex III activity, likely resulting from the mitochondrial haplotype or nuclear gene alteration, worsens mitochondrial dysfunction caused by the G11778A mutation, thereby causing extremely high penetrance and expressivity of optic neuropathy in this Chinese family. Our data provide the first experimental evidence that altered activity of complex III modulates the phenotypic manifestation of LHON-associated G11778A mutation. Thus, our findings may provide new insights into the pathophysiology of LHON.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yaping Qian
- Division of Human Genetics, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, Ohio, USA
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[The mitochondrial ND5 T12338C mutation may be associated with Leber's hereditary optic neuropathy in two Chinese families]. YI CHUAN = HEREDITAS 2011; 33:322-8. [PMID: 21482521 DOI: 10.3724/sp.j.1005.2011.00322] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
Leber's hereditary optic neuropathy (LHON) associated with mitochondrial DNA mutation is a maternally inherited eye disease. We reported here the clinical, genetic and molecular characterization of two Han Chinese families with Leber's hereditary optic neuropathy. Ophthalmologic examinations revealed that the variable severity and age-of-onset in visual impairment among probands and other matrilineal relatives of these families. Strikingly, there were extremely low penetrances of visual impairment in these families. Sequence analysis of complete mitochondrial genomes in these pedigrees identified the homoplasmic ND4 G11696A and ND5 T12338C mutation and distinct sets of polymorphism belonging to haplogroups F2. It is well known that mitochondrial DNA ND4 G11696A is associated with LHON. The ND5 T12338C mutation resulted in replacement of the first amino acid, translation-initiating methionine with a threonine, and shortening two amino acids of ND5. This mutation also locates in two nucleotides adjacent to the 3' end of the tRNALeu(Cun). Thus, this mutation may alter structural formation and stabilization of functional tRNA, thereby leading to a failure in protein synthesis and mitochondrial dysfunction involved in visual impairment. Therefore, the ND4 G11696A and ND5 T12338C mutation is likely associated with LHON in these two Chinese families. But these families exhibited extremely low penetrances of visual impairment. It suggests that other factors, such as nuclear modifier gene(s) or environmental factor(s), may play a role in the phenotypic expression of the LHON-associated ND4 G11696A and ND5 T12338C mutation.
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Leber's hereditary optic neuropathy is associated with the T12338C mutation in mitochondrial ND5 gene in six Han Chinese families. Ophthalmology 2010; 118:978-85. [PMID: 21131053 DOI: 10.1016/j.ophtha.2010.09.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/09/2010] [Revised: 09/08/2010] [Accepted: 09/08/2010] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE To investigate the molecular pathogenesis of Leber's hereditary optic neuropathy (LHON) in Chinese families. DESIGN Six Han Chinese families who seem to have maternally transmitted LHON were studied by clinical, genetic, and molecular evaluations. PARTICIPANTS One hundred twenty-seven subjects from 6 Chinese families with a wide range of age-at-onset and severity of visual impairment. METHODS All subjects underwent clinical examination, genetic evaluation, and molecular analysis of mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA). MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES The ophthalmologic examinations included visual acuity, visual field examination, visual evoked potentials, and fundus photography. The mtDNA analysis included the polymerase chain reaction (PCR) amplification of entire mtDNA and subsequent sequence determination. RESULTS Six families exhibited low penetrance of visual impairment, with an average of 10.8%. In particular, 9 (6 males/3 females) of 86 matrilineal relatives in these families exhibited variable severity and age at onset in visual dysfunction. The average age at onset of visual loss was 20 years. Molecular analysis of mtDNA in these families identified the homoplasmic ND5T12338C mutation and distinct set of variants belonging to the Asian haplogroup F2. The T12338C mutation is only present in the maternal lineage of those pedigrees and not in 178 Chinese controls. This mutation resulted in the replacement of the first amino acid, a translation-initiating methionine with a threonine, shortening 2 amino acids of ND5 polypeptide. The T12338C mutation is also located in 2 nucleotides adjacent to the 3' end of the tRNA(Leu(CUN)). Thus, this mutation may alter ND5 mRNA metabolism and the processing of RNA precursors. As a result, this mutation impairs respiratory function, leading to visual impairment. CONCLUSIONS Several lines of evidence suggest that the mitochondrial ND5T12338C mutation is associated with LHON. The tissue specificity of this mutation is likely due to the involvement of nuclear modifier genes. The identification of nuclear modifiers is important for the elucidation of the pathogenic mechanism of LHON and an open avenue for therapeutic interventions. The T12338C mutation should be added to the list of inherited risk factors for future molecular diagnosis. Our findings are helpful for counseling families with LHON.
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Zhang M, Zhou X, Li C, Zhao F, Zhang J, Yuan M, Sun YH, Wang J, Tong Y, Liang M, Yang L, Cai W, Wang L, Qu J, Guan MX. Mitochondrial haplogroup M9a specific variant ND1 T3394C may have a modifying role in the phenotypic expression of the LHON-associated ND4 G11778A mutation. Mol Genet Metab 2010; 101:192-9. [PMID: 20728388 DOI: 10.1016/j.ymgme.2010.07.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2010] [Accepted: 07/26/2010] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
We report here the clinical, genetic and molecular characterization of four Han Chinese families with Leber's hereditary optic neuropathy (LHON). The penetrances of optic neuropathy in these Chinese pedigrees were 38%, 38%, 44% and 56%. This observation is in contrast with the previously identified 14 Chinese families with very low penetrance of LHON. The age-at-onset for visual impairment in matrilineal relatives in these Chinese families varied from 18 to 30years. Furthermore, the ratios between affected male and female matrilineal relatives in these families were 3:0, 3:0, 3:1 and 2:3, respectively. Molecular analysis of mitochondrial genomes identified the known ND4 G11778A mutation and distinct sets of variants belonging to the Asian haplogroups M9a. Of these, the ND1 T3394C mutation caused the substitution of a highly conserved histidine for tyrosine (Y30H) at amino acid position 30. This mutation was associated with LHON in other families with low penetrance of optic neuropathy and other clinical abnormalities. The presence of both G11778A and T3394C mutations appears to contribute to higher penetrance of optic neuropathy in these four Chinese families than other Chinese families carrying only the G11778A mutation. Therefore, the mitochondrial haplogroup M9a specific variant T3394C may modulate the phenotypic manifestation of LHON-associated G11778A mutation in these Chinese pedigrees.
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Affiliation(s)
- Minglian Zhang
- Department of Ophthalmology, Xingtai Eye Hospital, Xingtai, Hebei, China
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Zhang J, Zhou X, Zhou J, Li C, Zhao F, Wang Y, Meng Y, Wang J, Yuan M, Cai W, Tong Y, Sun YH, Yang L, Qu J, Guan MX. Mitochondrial ND6 T14502C variant may modulate the phenotypic expression of LHON-associated G11778A mutation in four Chinese families. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2010; 399:647-53. [PMID: 20691156 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2010.07.135] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2010] [Accepted: 07/30/2010] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Abstract
We report here the clinical, genetic, and molecular evaluations of four Han Chinese families with Leber's hereditary optic neuropathy. Thirty-one (20 males/11 females) of 83 matrilineal relatives in these families exhibited the variable severity and age-at-onset in visual impairment. The average age-of-onset of vision loss was 22years old. Strikingly, these penetrances of visual impairment in these Chinese families were higher than those in other 11 Chinese pedigrees carrying the only ND4 G11778A mutation. Molecular analysis identified the known G11778A mutation and distinct sets of variants belonging to the Asian haplogroups M10a and M7c2. Of these, the T14502C mutation caused the substitution of a highly conserved isoleucine for valine at position 58 in ND6. This mutation has been associated with LHON in other Chinese families with very low penetrance of LHON. Thus, the deficient activities of complex I, caused by G11778A mutation, would be worsened by the T14502C mutation in these four Chinese families. As a result, mitochondrial dysfunctions would lead to the high penetrance and expressivity of visual loss in these Chinese families carrying both G11778A and T14502C mutations than other 11 Chinese families carrying only G11778A mutation. These data suggested that the T14502C variant may modulate the phenotypic manifestation of the G11778A mutation in these Chinese pedigrees.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juanjuan Zhang
- School of Ophthalmology and Optometry, Wenzhou Medical College, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China
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