1
|
Martineau PJ, Pelletier-Galarneau M, Slomka P, Goertzen AL, Leslie WD. Optimizing stress-only myocardial perfusion imaging: a clinical prediction model to improve patient selection. Nucl Med Commun 2023; 44:1087-1093. [PMID: 37706261 DOI: 10.1097/mnm.0000000000001768] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/15/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Stress-only single photon emission computed tomography myocardial perfusion imaging (MPI) offers numerous advantages in terms of improved workflow, cost and radiation reduction but is currently not widely utilized due to challenges in selecting appropriate patients for this technique. METHODS Data from 5959 individuals were used to derive (N = 4018) and validate (N = 1941) a binomial logistic regression model to predict normal stress MPI studies (stress total perfusion deficit < 4%, ejection fraction ≥ 50%). Model performance was analyzed using receiver operator characteristic curves. A simplified point-scoring system was developed and its impact on imaging workflow was assessed. RESULTS Significant predictors of abnormal vs. normal stress MPI included male sex, age > 65 years, cardiomyopathy, congestive heart failure, myocardial infarction, angina, and pharmacological stress. The final model and simplified scoring system were associated with areas under the curve of 0.81 (95% CI 0.79-0.83) and 0.80 (95% CI 0.79-0.82) in the validation group, respectively. Use of the scoring system was estimated to result in a decrease of 56.5% in the number of non-contributory imaging studies acquired with minimal patient rescheduling. CONCLUSION A prediction tool derived from simple clinical information can identify candidates for stress-only MPI studies with a beneficial impact on departmental workflow.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Patrick J Martineau
- Department of Radiology, University of British Columbia,
- BC Cancer, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada,
| | - Matthieu Pelletier-Galarneau
- Gordon Center for Medical Imaging, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA,
- Department of Medical Imaging, Institut de Cardiologie de Montréal, Université de Montréal, Montreal, Quebec, Canada,
| | - Piotr Slomka
- Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, California, USA,
| | | | - William D Leslie
- Department of Radiology, University of Manitoba and
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Parker MW, Heller GV. Time to get on the stress-only bandwagon? J Nucl Cardiol 2018; 25:817-819. [PMID: 27743295 DOI: 10.1007/s12350-016-0691-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/02/2016] [Accepted: 09/06/2016] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Matthew W Parker
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, University of Massachusetts Medical Center, Worcester, MA, USA
| | - Gary V Heller
- Gagnon Cardiovascular Institute, Morristown Medical Center, Morristown, NJ, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Gutstein A, Bental T, Solodky A, Mats I, Zafrir N. Prognosis of stress-only SPECT myocardial perfusion imaging with prone imaging. J Nucl Cardiol 2018; 25:809-816. [PMID: 27671493 DOI: 10.1007/s12350-016-0617-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2016] [Accepted: 06/16/2016] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Stress-only single-photon emission computed tomography myocardial perfusion imaging (SO SPECT MPI) is associated with similarly benign prognosis as stress-rest SPECT MPI. However, previous studies have used attenuation correction rather than prone imaging to increase the rate of SO studies. OBJECTIVES To assess the prognosis of SO SPECT MPI performed with prone imaging. METHODS We performed a retrospective cohort analysis of all patients who underwent a Tc-99m gated SPECT MPI over a 58-month period. RESULTS Two thousand four hundred and sixty five patients were followed up. Of them, 1114 (45.2%) patients had a SO supine test, 388 (15.7%) underwent a SO supine and prone test, and the remaining 963 (39.1%) patients underwent a full stress-rest SPECT MPI. There was a similar annual mortality rate between the SO supine/prone group (1.3%), the SO supine (1.5%), and the stress-rest (1.5%) group (P = 0.47). Patients in the stress-rest group were significantly more likely to suffer from myocardial infarction (MI) as compared to the other two groups with an annual rate of 0.7% as compared to 0.4% (P = 0.049). CONCLUSIONS Normal supine-prone SO SPECT MPI is associated with a similarly benign prognosis as stress-rest SPECT MPI. The adjunction of prone imaging to the stress supine significantly increases the rate of SO SPECT MPI.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ariel Gutstein
- Rabin Medical Center, Tel-Aviv University, Petach Tikva, Israel.
| | - Tamir Bental
- Rabin Medical Center, Tel-Aviv University, Petach Tikva, Israel
| | | | - Israel Mats
- Rabin Medical Center, Tel-Aviv University, Petach Tikva, Israel
| | - Nili Zafrir
- Rabin Medical Center, Tel-Aviv University, Petach Tikva, Israel.
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Biswas S, Better N, Pascual TN, Mercuri M, Vitola JV, Karthikeyan G, Westcott J, Alexánderson E, Allam AH, Al-Mallah MH, Bom HHS, Bouyoucef SE, Flotats A, Jerome S, Kaufman PA, Lele V, Luxenburg O, Mahmarian JJ, Shaw LJ, Underwood SR, Rehani M, Kashyap R, Dondi M, Paez D, Einstein AJ. Nuclear Cardiology Practices and Radiation Exposure in the Oceania Region: Results From the IAEA Nuclear Cardiology Protocols Study (INCAPS). Heart Lung Circ 2017; 26:25-34. [DOI: 10.1016/j.hlc.2016.05.112] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2016] [Accepted: 05/02/2016] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
|
5
|
Tamam M, Mulazimoglu M, Edis N, Ozpacaci T. The Value of Attenuation Correction in Hybrid Cardiac SPECT/CT on Inferior Wall According to Body Mass Index. World J Nucl Med 2016; 15:18-23. [PMID: 26912974 PMCID: PMC4729009 DOI: 10.4103/1450-1147.167586] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022] Open
Abstract
The purpose of this study was to evaluate the diagnostic value of attenuation-corrected single photon emission computed tomography (SPECT) myocardial perfusion imaging (MPI) on the inferior wall compared to uncorrected (NC) SPECT MPI between obese and nonobese patients. A total of 157 consecutive patients (122 males and 35 females, with median age: 57.4 ± 11 years) who underwent AC technetium 99m-methoxyisobutylisonitrile (AC Tc99m-sestamibi) SPECT MPI were included to the study. A hybrid SPECT and transmission computed tomography (CT) system was used for the diagnosis with 1-day protocol, and stress imaging was performed first. During attenuation correction (AC) processing on a Xeleris Workstation using Myovation cardiac software with ordered subset expectation maximization (OSEM), iterative reconstruction with attenuation correction (IRAC) and NC images filtered back projection (FBP) were used. For statistical purposes, P < 0.05 was considered significant. This study included 73 patients with body mass index (BMI) <30 and 84 patients with BMI ≥ 30. In patients with higher BMI, increased amount of both visual and semiquantitative attenuation of the inferior wall was detected. IRAC reconstruction corrects the diaphragm attenuation of the inferior wall better than FBP. AC with OSEM iterative reconstruction significantly improves the diagnostic value of stress-only SPECT MPI in patients with normal weight and those who are obese, but the improvements are significantly greater in obese patients. Stress-only SPECT imaging with AC provides shorter and lower radiation exposure.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Muge Tamam
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Okmeydani Training and Research Hospital, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Mehmet Mulazimoglu
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Okmeydani Training and Research Hospital, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Nurcan Edis
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Okmeydani Training and Research Hospital, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Tevfik Ozpacaci
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Okmeydani Training and Research Hospital, Istanbul, Turkey
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Gowd BMP, Heller GV, Parker MW. Stress-only SPECT myocardial perfusion imaging: a review. J Nucl Cardiol 2014; 21:1200-12. [PMID: 25005348 DOI: 10.1007/s12350-014-9944-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/16/2014] [Accepted: 06/10/2014] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
Myocardial perfusion imaging (MPI) has enjoyed considerable success for decades due to its diagnostic accuracy and wealth of prognostic data. Despite this success several limitations such as lengthy protocols and radiation exposure remain. Advancements to address these shortcomings include abbreviated stress-only MPI (SO MPI) protocols, PET and both hardware and software methods to reduce radiation exposure and time. SO MPI has advantages in protocol time and radiation reduction with a wealth of supporting data in terms of diagnostic validity and prognostic value. Newer technologies such as attenuation correction, and advanced camera technologies have enabled SO MPI to be more efficient in reducing the time of acquisition and radiation dose and improving accuracy. This review examines the literature available, regarding accuracy, patient outcomes, implementation strategies, and newer developments associated with SO MPI.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- B M Pampana Gowd
- Henry Low Heart Center, Hartford Hospital, 80 Seymour Street, Hartford, CT, 06102, USA,
| | | | | |
Collapse
|
7
|
Mathur S, Heller GV, Bateman TM, Ruffin R, Yekta A, Katten D, Alluri N, Ahlberg AW. Clinical value of stress-only Tc-99m SPECT imaging: importance of attenuation correction. J Nucl Cardiol 2013; 20:27-37. [PMID: 23188624 DOI: 10.1007/s12350-012-9633-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2012] [Accepted: 09/27/2012] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND In selected patients, stress-only SPECT imaging has been proposed as an alternative to rest-stress SPECT imaging to improve laboratory efficiency and reduce radiation exposure. The impact of attenuation correction (AC) upon interpretation, post-test patient management and cardiac risk stratification in relation to stress-only imaging is not well understood. OBJECTIVES The purpose of this study was to determine the clinical value for laboratory throughput and predicting outcomes of normal and abnormal stress-only SPECT imaging with AC in a consecutive series of clinically referred patients. METHODS A retrospective analysis of 1,383 consecutive patients who were scheduled for stress-only SPECT imaging for symptom assessment of suspected myocardial ischemia was performed. All images had been interpreted and categorized using the standard 17-segment model without AC followed by AC. Follow-up data for 2.1 ± 1.3 years after SPECT imaging for the occurrence of cardiac events (non-fatal MI, cardiac death, and cardiac revascularization) previously collected by routine methods were reviewed. RESULTS Non-AC SPECT image interpretation revealed that 58% (802/1383) of patients had abnormal stress images. AC image interpretation of the abnormal non-AC images re-classified 83% (666/802) of these as normal. Among patients with abnormal stress images after AC (136/1383), 63% (86/136) returned for additional rest scans, while the remaining 37% (50/136) were clinically managed without further rest images. The incidence of cardiac death or non-fatal MI was very low in patients with normal stress-only scans (0.7%). CONCLUSION A strategy of stress-only imaging with AC in symptomatic patients is an efficient method which appropriately identifies at risk and low-risk patients yielding a low percentage requiring rest imaging. Clinical decisions can be made based on abnormal stress-only imaging without further rest imaging if clinically appropriate.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Shishir Mathur
- Nuclear Cardiology Laboratory, Division of Cardiology, Henry Low Heart Center, Hartford Hospital, 80 Seymour Street, Hartford, CT 06102, USA.
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
8
|
Duvall WL, Hiensch RJ, Levine EJ, Croft LB, Henzlova MJ. The prognosis of a normal Tl-201 stress-only SPECT MPI study. J Nucl Cardiol 2012; 19:914-21. [PMID: 22814773 DOI: 10.1007/s12350-012-9601-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2012] [Accepted: 07/02/2012] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Stress-only Tc-99m SPECT myocardial perfusion imaging (MPI) decreases test time and patient radiation exposure with a proven benign prognosis of a normal study. The imaging sequence of Tl-201 MPI always starts with the stress portion; therefore, no pre-test decisions are needed regarding the imaging sequence. The recent intermittent Tc-99m shortage afforded the unique opportunity to study an unselected group of patients undergoing Tl-201 imaging. METHODS We retrospectively reviewed all the patients who had SPECT MPI with Tc-99m or Tl-201 over a 1-year period. When Tc-99m was not available, patients received Tl-201. All stress Tl-201 images were routinely processed, and if normal, rest imaging was not done. When Tc-99m was used, patients with lower pre-test probability were selected for a stress-first protocol. We compared the all-cause mortality of patients with normal Tl-201 studies to those with normal stress-only and rest-stress Tc-99m studies using the Social Security Death Index. Unadjusted and risk-adjusted survival analysis was performed. Specific causes of death (cardiac or non-cardiac) were determined by medical record review and contact with treating physicians. RESULTS A total of 3,658 patients underwent stress MPI during this time period. Of the 1,215 patients who had Tl-201 MPI, 716 (67%) had a normal stress-only study. Out of 2,443 patients who underwent Tc-99m MPI, 70% had normal perfusion with 1,098 normal stress-only studies and 493 normal rest-stress studies. The average follow-up was 23.3 ± 5.3 months. Unadjusted all-cause mortality at the end of follow-up was 7.1% in the Tl-201 stress-only group, 6.3% for Tc-99m stress-only patients, and 4.3% in the Tc-99m rest-stress cohort. After controlling for confounding variables, survival was similar in the three groups (HR 1.07, 95% CI 0.62-1.82, P = .82 for normal Tl-201 stress-only compared to normal Tc-99m rest-stress). The risk-adjusted 1-year survival was between 98.5 and 98.8% in the three groups. CONCLUSIONS Normal stress-only Tl-201 SPECT MPI study has a similarly benign prognosis when compared to Tc-99m rest-stress and Tc-99m stress-only normal SPECT MPI studies. The stress-first design allowed for early triage of over 60% of patients and marked improvement in laboratory efficiency due to shortened test time.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- W Lane Duvall
- Mount Sinai Division of Cardiology (Mount Sinai Heart), Mount Sinai Medical Center, PO Box 1030, One Gustave L Levy Place, New York, NY 10029, USA.
| | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
9
|
Depuey EG, Mahmarian JJ, Miller TD, Einstein AJ, Hansen CL, Holly TA, Miller EJ, Polk DM, Samuel Wann L. Patient-centered imaging. J Nucl Cardiol 2012; 19:185-215. [PMID: 22328324 DOI: 10.1007/s12350-012-9523-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 91] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
|
10
|
Affiliation(s)
- Milena J Henzlova
- Mount Sinai Division of Cardiology (Mount Sinai Heart), Mount Sinai Medical Center, Box 1030, One Gustave L Levy Place, New York, NY 10029, USA.
| | | |
Collapse
|
11
|
Mahmarian JJ. Improving Efficiency in the Nuclear Cardiology Laboratory: The Role of Stress-Only Imaging Coupled with Faster Acquisition Protocols and New Stressor Agents. CURRENT CARDIOVASCULAR IMAGING REPORTS 2011. [DOI: 10.1007/s12410-011-9084-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
|
12
|
Abstract
Stress single photon emission computed tomographic (SPECT) myocardial perfusion imaging has enjoyed great success over the past several decades as the modality of choice for accurately diagnosing and risk stratifying patients with suspected or known coronary artery disease. Same-day low-dose rest/high-dose stress imaging protocols have generally been widely adopted for this purpose. However, recent studies indicate that rest imaging may be unnecessary in patients with a normal initial stress SPECT. Elimination of the additional imaging would decrease costs, streamline patient evaluations, and reduce radiation exposure. SPECT imaging guidelines should be revised to reflect this new information.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- John J Mahmarian
- Methodist DeBakey Heart and Vascular Center, The Methodist Hospital, 6550 Fannin Street, Suite 677, Houston, TX 77030, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
Normal stress-only versus standard stress/rest myocardial perfusion imaging: similar patient mortality with reduced radiation exposure. J Am Coll Cardiol 2009; 55:221-30. [PMID: 19913381 DOI: 10.1016/j.jacc.2009.09.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 175] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/12/2009] [Revised: 09/22/2009] [Accepted: 09/28/2009] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES The aim of this study was to determine whether a normal stress-only single-photon emission computed tomographic myocardial perfusion tomography (SPECT) study confers the same prognosis as a normal SPECT on the basis of evaluation of stress and rest images. BACKGROUND Current guidelines recommend stress and rest imaging to confirm that a SPECT study is normal. METHODS We determined all-cause mortality in 16,854 consecutive patients who had a normal gated stress SPECT. Median follow-up was 4.5 years. A stress-only protocol was used in 8,034 patients (47.6%), whereas 8,820 (52.4%) had both stress and rest imaging. RESULTS The overall unadjusted annual mortality rate in patients who had a normal SPECT with a stress-only protocol was lower than in those who required additional rest imaging (2.57% vs. 2.92%, p = 0.02). After adjustment for baseline clinical characteristics no significant differences in patient mortality were seen between the 2 imaging protocols, but the stress-only group received a 61% lower radiopharmaceutical dosage. Independent predictors of worse survival included increasing age, male sex, diabetes, history of coronary artery disease, and inability to exercise (all p < 0.001) but not the type of SPECT protocol used to image patients. CONCLUSIONS Patients determined to have a normal SPECT on the basis of stress imaging alone have a similar mortality rate as those who have a normal SPECT on the basis of evaluation of both stress and rest images. Our results support that additional rest imaging is not required in patients who have a normally appearing initial stress study. A significant reduction in radiation exposure can be achieved with such an approach.
Collapse
|
14
|
Stress-only myocardial perfusion imaging a new paradigm. J Am Coll Cardiol 2009; 55:231-3. [PMID: 19913382 DOI: 10.1016/j.jacc.2009.10.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/02/2009] [Accepted: 10/08/2009] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
|
15
|
Bateman TM, Cullom SJ. Attenuation correction single-photon emission computed tomography myocardial perfusion imaging. Semin Nucl Med 2005; 35:37-51. [PMID: 15645393 DOI: 10.1053/j.semnuclmed.2004.09.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
Clinicians now rely heavily on the results of single-photon emission computed tomography (SPECT) myocardial perfusion imaging for diagnosing coronary disease and for planning therapy. However, the technique is imperfect for these purposes, mainly because of technical limitations, the most prominent of which is the effect of soft-tissue attenuation on apparent tracer distribution. Providers have attempted to compensate for this by a number of indirect approaches. Recently, validated hardware and software solutions for directly correcting image data for soft-tissue attenuation have become widely available commercially. Optimal application requires an understanding of the technical details that differ somewhat from system to system, the quality control prerequisites, knowledge of the importance of the transmission map quality, and how dedicated SPECT and SPECT-computed tomography systems present different challenges. In addition, the clinical literature is expanding rapidly, including studies on diagnostic accuracy, image appearances, quantitative analysis, appropriate patients for attenuation correction, clinical utility, incremental value in relation to ECG-gating, and risk stratification.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Timothy M Bateman
- Mid America Heart Institute, Kansas City, MO, USA. tbateman@cc=pc.com
| | | |
Collapse
|