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Nowak PM, Wietecha-Posłuszny R, Woźniakiewicz M, Woźniakiewicz A, Król M, Kozak J, Wieczorek M, Knihnicki P, Paluch J, Telk A, Mermer K, Kochana J, Kościelniak P, Pawliszyn J. A Perspective of the Comprehensive and Objective Assessment of Analytical Methods Including the Greenness and Functionality Criteria: Application to the Determination of Zinc in Aqueous Samples. Front Chem 2021; 9:753399. [PMID: 34722459 PMCID: PMC8551957 DOI: 10.3389/fchem.2021.753399] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2021] [Accepted: 09/22/2021] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
The recently proposed concept of White Analytical Chemistry (WAC), referring to the Red-Green-Blue color model, combines ecological aspects (green) with functionality (red and blue criteria), presenting the complete method as “white”. However, it is not easy to carry out an overall quantitative evaluation of the analytical method in line with the WAC idea in an objective manner. This paper outlines the perspective of the future development of such a possibility by attempting to answer selected questions about the evaluation process. Based on the study consisting in the evaluation of selected model methods by a group of 12 independent analysts, it was shown how well individual criteria are assessed, whether the variability of assessments by different people is comparable for each criterion, how large it is, and whether averaging the scores from different researchers can help to choose the best method more objectively.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paweł Mateusz Nowak
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, Jagiellonian University, Kraków, Poland
| | | | - Michał Woźniakiewicz
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, Jagiellonian University, Kraków, Poland
| | - Aneta Woźniakiewicz
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, Jagiellonian University, Kraków, Poland
| | - Małgorzata Król
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, Jagiellonian University, Kraków, Poland
| | - Joanna Kozak
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, Jagiellonian University, Kraków, Poland
| | - Marcin Wieczorek
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, Jagiellonian University, Kraków, Poland
| | - Paweł Knihnicki
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, Jagiellonian University, Kraków, Poland
| | - Justyna Paluch
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, Jagiellonian University, Kraków, Poland
| | - Anna Telk
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, Jagiellonian University, Kraków, Poland
| | - Karolina Mermer
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, Jagiellonian University, Kraków, Poland
| | - Jolanta Kochana
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, Jagiellonian University, Kraków, Poland
| | - Paweł Kościelniak
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, Jagiellonian University, Kraków, Poland
| | - Janusz Pawliszyn
- Department of Chemistry, University of Waterloo, Waterloo, ON, Canada
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Comprehensive Assessment of Flow and Other Analytical Methods Dedicated to the Determination of Zinc in Water. Molecules 2021; 26:molecules26133914. [PMID: 34206879 PMCID: PMC8271484 DOI: 10.3390/molecules26133914] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2021] [Revised: 06/16/2021] [Accepted: 06/24/2021] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
An original strategy to evaluate analytical procedures is proposed and applied to verify if the flow-based methods, generally favorable in terms of green chemistry, are competitive when their evaluation also relies on other criteria. To this end, eight methods for the determination of zinc in waters, including four flow-based ones, were compared and the Red–Green–Blue (RGB) model was exploited. This model takes into account several features related to the general quality of an analytical method, namely, its analytical efficiency, compliance with the green analytical chemistry, as well as practical and economic usefulness. Amongst the investigated methods, the best was the flow-based spectrofluorimetric one, and a negative example was that one involving a flow module, ICP ionization and MS detection, which was very good in analytical terms, but worse in relation to other aspects, which significantly limits its overall potential. Good assessments were also noted for non-flow electrochemical methods, which attract attention with a high degree of balance of features and, therefore, high versatility. The original attempt to confront several worldwide accepted analytical strategies, although to some extent subjective and with limitations, provides interesting information and indications, establishing a novel direction towards the development and evaluation of analytical methods.
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Abbasi Tarighat M. Orthogonal projection approach and continuous wavelet transform-feed forward neural networks for simultaneous spectrophotometric determination of some heavy metals in diet samples. Food Chem 2016; 192:548-56. [DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2015.07.034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2014] [Revised: 06/01/2015] [Accepted: 07/07/2015] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
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Santa-Cruz P, García-Reiriz A. Application of third-order multivariate calibration algorithms to the determination of carbaryl, naphthol and propoxur by kinetic spectroscopic measurements. Talanta 2014; 128:450-9. [DOI: 10.1016/j.talanta.2014.04.075] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2014] [Revised: 04/23/2014] [Accepted: 04/25/2014] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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Miró M, Estela JM, Cerdà V. Application of flowing stream techniques to water analysis Part III. Metal ions: alkaline and alkaline-earth metals, elemental and harmful transition metals, and multielemental analysis. Talanta 2012; 63:201-23. [PMID: 18969420 DOI: 10.1016/j.talanta.2003.10.047] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2003] [Revised: 10/20/2003] [Accepted: 10/31/2003] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
Abstract
In the earlier parts of this series of reviews [1,2], the most relevant flowing stream techniques (namely, segmented flow analysis, continuous flow analysis, flow injection (FI) analysis, sequential injection (SI) analysis, multicommuted flow injection analysis and multisyringe flow injection analysis) applied to the determination of several core inorganic parameters for water quality assessment, such as nutrients and anionic species including nitrogen, sulfur and halogen compounds, were described. In the present paper, flow techniques are presented as powerful analytical tools for the environmental monitoring of metal ions (alkaline and alkaline-earth metals, and elemental and harmful transition metals) as well as to perform both multielemental and speciation analysis in water samples. The potentials of flow techniques for automated sample treatment involving on-line analyte separation and/or pre-concentration are also discussed in the body of the text, and demonstrated for each individual ion with a variety of strategies successfully applied to trace analysis. In this context, the coupling of flow methodologies with atomic spectrometric techniques such as flame atomic absorption spectrometry (FAAS), electrothermal atomic absorption spectrometry (ETAAS), inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ICPMS) or hydride-generation (HG)/cold-vapor (CV) approaches, launching the so-called hyphenated techniques, is specially worth mentioning.
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Affiliation(s)
- Manuel Miró
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Sciences, University of the Balearic Islands, Carretera de Valldemossa, Km. 7.5, E-07122 Palma de Mallorca, Spain
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Ly SY, Yoo HS. Diagnostic Assay of Toxic Zinc in an Ex vivo Cell Using Voltammetry. Toxicol Res 2012; 28:123-7. [PMID: 24278600 PMCID: PMC3834405 DOI: 10.5487/tr.2012.28.2.123] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2012] [Revised: 06/29/2012] [Accepted: 06/29/2012] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Voltammetric detection of the toxic Zn ion was investigated using a fluorine-doped graphite pencil electrode (FPE). It is notable from the study that pencils were used as reference and working electrodes. In all the experiments, a clean seawater electrolyte solution was used to yield good results. The analytical working range was attained to 10 μgL(-1). The optimized voltammetric condition was examined to maximize the effect of the detection of trace Zn. The developed sensor was applied to an earthworm's tissue cell. It was found that the methods can be applicable to in vivo fluid or agriculture soil and plant science.
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Affiliation(s)
- Suw Young Ly
- Biosensor Research Institute, Seoul National University of Science and Technology, Seoul 139-743, Korea
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Chu N, Ding C, Fan S. Stopped-Flow Sequential Injection Spectrophotometry for Simultaneous Determination of Cu, Zn, Ni, and Mn in Environmental Water with Artificial Neural Networks Calibration. ANAL LETT 2010. [DOI: 10.1080/00032710903325831] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
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Culzoni MJ, Goicoechea HC, Ibañez GA, Lozano VA, Marsili NR, Olivieri AC, Pagani AP. Second-order advantage from kinetic-spectroscopic data matrices in the presence of extreme spectral overlapping. Anal Chim Acta 2008; 614:46-57. [DOI: 10.1016/j.aca.2008.03.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2007] [Revised: 03/05/2008] [Accepted: 03/06/2008] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
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Espinosa-Mansilla A, Muñoz de la Peña A, Goicoechea HC, Olivieri AC. Two multivariate strategies applied to three-way kinetic spectrophotometric data for the determination of mixtures of the pesticides carbaryl and chlorpyrifos. APPLIED SPECTROSCOPY 2004; 58:83-90. [PMID: 14727724 DOI: 10.1366/000370204322729504] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
Abstract
Two pesticides, carbaryl and chlorpyrifos, have been simultaneously determined using second-order kinetic spectrophotometric measurements upon alkaline oxidative degradation. In spite of the complexity of the system and of the serious spectral overlap among the reagents and products, calibration and prediction is possible thanks to the power of second-order multivariate techniques. Strategies such as parallel factor analysis (PARAFAC) and multivariate curve resolution coupled to alternating least-squares (MCR-ALS) have been employed, which adequately exploit the second-order advantage. They allow for a correct determination of the analytes both in synthetic binary samples and in a commercial formulation, in this latter case even in the presence of unmodeled interferents. Multi-way partial least-squares (n-PLS) produced good results only on synthetic binary mixtures but could not be applied to a commercial sample because it contained an uncalibrated component.
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Wiberg K, Hagman A, Jacobsson SP. Rapid determination of lidocaine solutions with non-column chromatographic diode array UV spectroscopy and multivariate calibration. J Pharm Biomed Anal 2003; 30:1575-86. [PMID: 12467929 DOI: 10.1016/s0731-7085(02)00548-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
A new method for the rapid determination of pharmaceutical solutions is proposed. A conventional HPLC system with a Diode Array Detector (DAD) was used with no chromatographic column connected. As eluent, purified water (Milli Q) was used. The pump and autosampler of the HPLC system were mainly utilised as an automatic and convenient way of introducing the sample into the DAD. The method was tested on the local anaesthetic compound lidocaine. The UV spectrum (245-290 nm) from the samples analysed in the detector was used for multivariate calibration for the determination of lidocaine solutions. The content was determined with PLS regression. The effect on the predictive ability of three factors: flow, data-collection rate and rise time as well as two ways of exporting a representative UV spectrum from the DAD file collected was investigated by means of an experimental design comprising 11 experiments. For each experiment, 14 solutions containing a known content of lidocaine were analysed (0.02-0.2 mg ml(-1)). From these 14 samples two calibration sets and two test sets were made and as the response in the experimental design the Root Mean Square Error of Prediction (RMSEP) values from the predictions of the two test sets were used. When the factor setting giving the lowest RMSEP was found, this setting was used when analysing a new calibration set of 12 lidocaine samples (0.1-0.2 mg ml(-1)). This calibration model was validated by two external test sets, A and B, analysed on separate occasions for the evaluation of repeatability (test set A) and determination over time (test set B). For comparison, the reference method, liquid chromatography, was also used for analysis of the ten samples in test set B. This comparison of the two methods was done twice on different occasions. The results show that in respect of accuracy, precision and repeatability the new method is comparable to the reference method. The main advantages compared with liquid chromatography are the much shorter time of analysis (<30 s) as well as the automatic and simple analytical procedure and the low consumption of organic solvents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kent Wiberg
- AstraZeneca R&D Södertälje, Analytical Development, Södertälje, Sweden.
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Comparative study of net analyte signal-based methods and partial least squares for the simultaneous determination of amoxycillin and clavulanic acid by stopped-flow kinetic analysis. Anal Chim Acta 2002. [DOI: 10.1016/s0003-2670(02)00373-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
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Quantitative determinations in conventional flow injection analysis based on different chemometric calibration statregies: a review. Anal Chim Acta 2001. [DOI: 10.1016/s0003-2670(01)00862-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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Fernández FM, Tudino MB, Troccoli OE. Multicomponent kinetic determination of Cu, Zn, Co, Ni and Fe at trace levels by first and second order multivariate calibration. Anal Chim Acta 2001. [DOI: 10.1016/s0003-2670(00)01380-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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Crouch S, Coello J, Maspoch S, Porcel M. Evaluation of classical and three-way multivariate calibration procedures in kinetic-spectrophotometric analysis. Anal Chim Acta 2000. [DOI: 10.1016/s0003-2670(00)01108-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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