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Wang Y, Liu Y. Gut-liver-axis: Barrier function of liver sinusoidal endothelial cell. J Gastroenterol Hepatol 2021; 36:2706-2714. [PMID: 33811372 DOI: 10.1111/jgh.15512] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2020] [Revised: 03/02/2021] [Accepted: 03/27/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Liver diseases are associated with the leaky gut via the gut-liver-axis. Previous studies have paid much attention to the effect of gut barrier damage. Notably, clinical observations and basic research reveal that the gut barrier damage seldom leads to liver injury independently but aggravates pre-existing liver diseases such as non-alcoholic fatty liver disease and drug-induced liver injury. These evidences suggest that there is a hepatic barrier in the gut-liver-axis, protecting the liver against gut-derived pathogenic factors. However, it has never been investigated which type of liver cell plays the role of hepatic barrier. Under physiological conditions, liver sinusoidal endothelial cell (LSEC) can take up and eliminate virus, bacteriophage, microbial products, and metabolic wastes. LSEC also keeps the homeostasis of liver immune environment via tolerance-inducing and anti-inflammatory functions. In contrast, under pathological conditions, the clearance function of LSEC is impaired, and LSEC turns into a pro-inflammatory pattern. Given its anatomical position and physiological functions, LSEC is proposed as the hepatic barrier in the gut-liver-axis. In this review, we aim to further understand the role of LSEC as the hepatic barrier. Future studies are warranted to seek effective treatments to improve LSEC health, which appears to be a promising approach to prevent gut-derived liver injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yang Wang
- Department of Gastroenterology, Peking University People's Hospital, Beijing, China.,Clinical Center of Immune-Mediated Digestive Diseases, Peking University People's Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Yulan Liu
- Department of Gastroenterology, Peking University People's Hospital, Beijing, China.,Clinical Center of Immune-Mediated Digestive Diseases, Peking University People's Hospital, Beijing, China
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2
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Poole JA, Mikuls TR, Duryee MJ, Warren KJ, Wyatt TA, Nelson AJ, Romberger DJ, West WW, Thiele GM. A role for B cells in organic dust induced lung inflammation. Respir Res 2017; 18:214. [PMID: 29273051 PMCID: PMC5741951 DOI: 10.1186/s12931-017-0703-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2017] [Accepted: 12/13/2017] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Agriculture organic dust exposures induce lung disease with lymphoid aggregates comprised of both T and B cells. The precise role of B cells in mediating lung inflammation is unknown, yet might be relevant given the emerging role of B cells in obstructive pulmonary disease and associated autoimmunity. METHODS Using an established animal model, C57BL/6 wild-type (WT) and B-cell receptor (BCR) knock-out (KO) mice were repetitively treated with intranasal inhalation of swine confinement organic dust extract (ODE) daily for 3 weeks and lavage fluid, lung tissues, and serum were collected. RESULTS ODE-induced neutrophil influx in lavage fluid was not reduced in BCR KO animals, but there was reduction in TNF-α, IL-6, CXCL1, and CXCL2 release. ODE-induced lymphoid aggregates failed to develop in BCR KO mice. There was a decrease in ODE-induced lung tissue CD11c+CD11b+ exudative macrophages and compensatory increase in CD8+ T cells in lavage fluid of BCR KO animals. Compared to saline, there was an expansion of conventional B2-, innate B1 (CD19+CD11b+CD5+/-)-, and memory (CD19+CD273+/-CD73+/-) B cells following ODE exposure in WT mice. Autoreactive responses including serum IgG anti-citrullinated protein antibody (ACPA) and anti-malondialdehyde-acetaldehyde (MAA) autoantibodies were increased in ODE treated WT mice as compared to saline control. B cells and serum immunoglobulins were not detected in BCR KO animals. CONCLUSIONS Lung tissue staining for citrullinated and MAA modified proteins were increased in ODE-treated WT animals, but not BCR KO mice. These studies show that agriculture organic dust induced lung inflammation is dependent upon B cells, and dust exposure induces an autoreactive response.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jill A Poole
- Pulmonary, Critical Care, Sleep & Allergy Division, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Nebraska Medical Center (UNMC), 985990 Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, 68198-5990, USA.
| | - Ted R Mikuls
- Veterans Affairs Nebraska-Western Iowa Health Care System, Research Service, Omaha, NE, USA.,Rheumatology Division, Department of Internal Medicine, UNMC, Omaha, NE, USA
| | - Michael J Duryee
- Veterans Affairs Nebraska-Western Iowa Health Care System, Research Service, Omaha, NE, USA.,Rheumatology Division, Department of Internal Medicine, UNMC, Omaha, NE, USA
| | - Kristi J Warren
- Pulmonary, Critical Care, Sleep & Allergy Division, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Nebraska Medical Center (UNMC), 985990 Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, 68198-5990, USA
| | - Todd A Wyatt
- Pulmonary, Critical Care, Sleep & Allergy Division, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Nebraska Medical Center (UNMC), 985990 Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, 68198-5990, USA.,Veterans Affairs Nebraska-Western Iowa Health Care System, Research Service, Omaha, NE, USA.,Department of Environmental, Agricultural, and Occupational Health, UNMC, Omaha, NE, USA
| | - Amy J Nelson
- Pulmonary, Critical Care, Sleep & Allergy Division, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Nebraska Medical Center (UNMC), 985990 Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, 68198-5990, USA
| | - Debra J Romberger
- Pulmonary, Critical Care, Sleep & Allergy Division, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Nebraska Medical Center (UNMC), 985990 Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, 68198-5990, USA.,Veterans Affairs Nebraska-Western Iowa Health Care System, Research Service, Omaha, NE, USA
| | - William W West
- Pathology and Microbiology Department, UNMC, Omaha, NE, USA
| | - Geoffrey M Thiele
- Veterans Affairs Nebraska-Western Iowa Health Care System, Research Service, Omaha, NE, USA.,Rheumatology Division, Department of Internal Medicine, UNMC, Omaha, NE, USA
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3
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Árnyas EM, Pál L, Baranyi G, Bujdosó O, Rácz G, Ádány R, McKee M, Szűcs S. Metabolites of Aliphatic Alcohols Detected in Alcoholic Beverages Inhibit Phagocytosis. Alcohol Alcohol 2015; 51:388-94. [PMID: 26715358 DOI: 10.1093/alcalc/agv132] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2015] [Accepted: 11/24/2015] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
AIMS The aim of our study was to measure granulocyte and monocyte phagocytosis following treatment of cells with some metabolites of aliphatic alcohols alone and in combination with acetaldehyde. METHODS The cells were separated from human peripheral blood prior to determination of phagocytosis of opsonized zymosan particles by granulocytes and monocytes treated individually with metabolites of aliphatic alcohols including formaldehyde, 1-propanal, acetone, 1-butanal, and 2-butanone and in combination with acetaldehyde. RESULTS The findings revealed that metabolites of aliphatic alcohols inhibited phagocytosis by granulocytes and monocytes in a concentration-dependent manner and when combined with acetaldehyde, they caused a further decrease in phagocytic activity. CONCLUSION Due to their additive effects, it is possible that, in combination with acetaldehyde, metabolites of aliphatic alcohols may inhibit phagocytosis at physiologically realistic concentrations in episodic heavy drinkers, thereby contributing to their increased susceptibility to infectious diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ervin M Árnyas
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Faculty of Public Health, University of Debrecen, Debrecen, Hungary
| | - László Pál
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Faculty of Public Health, University of Debrecen, Debrecen, Hungary
| | - Gergő Baranyi
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Faculty of Public Health, University of Debrecen, Debrecen, Hungary
| | - Orsolya Bujdosó
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Faculty of Public Health, University of Debrecen, Debrecen, Hungary
| | - Gábor Rácz
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Faculty of Public Health, University of Debrecen, Debrecen, Hungary
| | - Róza Ádány
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Faculty of Public Health, University of Debrecen, Debrecen, Hungary
| | - Martin McKee
- European Centre on Health of Societies in Transition, London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, London, UK
| | - Sándor Szűcs
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Faculty of Public Health, University of Debrecen, Debrecen, Hungary
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4
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Thiele GM, Duryee MJ, Anderson DR, Klassen LW, Mohring SM, Young KA, Benissan-Messan D, Sayles H, Dusad A, Hunter CD, Sokolove J, Robinson WH, O'Dell JR, Nicholas AP, Tuma DJ, Mikuls TR. Malondialdehyde-acetaldehyde adducts and anti-malondialdehyde-acetaldehyde antibodies in rheumatoid arthritis. Arthritis Rheumatol 2015; 67:645-55. [PMID: 25417811 DOI: 10.1002/art.38969] [Citation(s) in RCA: 105] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2014] [Accepted: 11/18/2014] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Malondialdehyde-acetaldehyde (MAA) adducts are a product of oxidative stress associated with tolerance loss in several disease states. This study was undertaken to investigate the presence of MAA adducts and circulating anti-MAA antibodies in patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA). METHODS Synovial tissue from patients with RA and patients with osteoarthritis (OA) were examined for the presence of MAA-modified and citrullinated proteins. Anti-MAA antibody isotypes were measured in RA patients (n = 1,720) and healthy controls (n = 80) by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. Antigen-specific anti-citrullinated protein antibodies (ACPAs) were measured in RA patients using a multiplex antigen array. Anti-MAA isotype concentrations were compared in a subset of RA patients (n = 80) and matched healthy controls (n = 80). Associations of anti-MAA antibody isotypes with disease characteristics, including ACPA positivity, were examined in all RA patients. RESULTS Expression of MAA adducts was increased in RA synovial tissue compared to OA synovial tissue, and colocalization with citrullinated proteins was found. Increased levels of anti-MAA antibody isotypes were observed in RA patients compared to controls (P < 0.001). Among RA patients, anti-MAA antibody isotypes were associated with seropositivity for ACPAs and rheumatoid factor (P < 0.001) in addition to select measures of disease activity. Higher anti-MAA antibody concentrations were associated with a greater number of positive antigen-specific ACPA analytes (expressed at high titer) (P < 0.001) and a higher ACPA score (P < 0.001), independent of other covariates. CONCLUSION MAA adduct formation is increased in RA and appears to result in robust antibody responses that are strongly associated with ACPAs. These results support speculation that MAA formation may be a cofactor that drives tolerance loss, resulting in the autoimmune responses characteristic of RA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Geoffrey M Thiele
- VA Nebraska-Western Iowa Health Care System, Omaha, Nebraska, and University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha
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5
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Shibata T, Shimozu Y, Wakita C, Shibata N, Kobayashi M, Machida S, Kato R, Itabe H, Zhu X, Sayre LM, Uchida K. Lipid peroxidation modification of protein generates Nepsilon-(4-oxononanoyl)lysine as a pro-inflammatory ligand. J Biol Chem 2011; 286:19943-57. [PMID: 21471194 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.m110.187047] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
4-Oxo-2(E)-nonenal (ONE), a peroxidation product of ω-6 polyunsaturated fatty acids, covalently reacts with lysine residues to generate a 4-ketoamide-type ONE-lysine adduct, N(ε)-(4-oxononanoyl)lysine (ONL). Using an ONL-coupled protein as the immunogen, we raised the monoclonal antibody (mAb) 9K3 directed to the ONL and conclusively demonstrated that the ONL was produced during the oxidative modification of a low density lipoprotein (LDL) in vitro. In addition, we observed that the ONL was present in atherosclerotic lesions, in which an intense immunoreactivity was mainly localized in the vascular endothelial cells and macrophage- and vascular smooth muscle cell-derived foam cells. Using liquid chromatography with on-line electrospray ionization tandem mass spectrometry, we also established a highly sensitive method for quantification of the ONL and confirmed that the ONL was indeed formed during the lipid peroxidation-mediated modification of protein in vitro and in vivo. To evaluate the biological implications for ONL formation, we examined the recognition of ONL by the scavenger receptor lectin-like oxidized LDL receptor-1 (LOX-1). Using CHO cells stably expressing LOX-1, we evaluated the ability of ONL to compete with the acetylated LDL and found that both the ONE-modified and ONL-coupled proteins inhibited the binding and uptake of the modified LDL. In addition, we demonstrated that the ONL-coupled protein was incorporated into differentiated THP-1 cells via LOX-1. Finally, we examined the effect of ONL on the expression of the inflammation-associated gene in THP-1 and observed that the ONL-coupled proteins significantly induced the expression of atherogenesis-related genes, such as the monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 and tumor necrosis factor-α, in a LOX-1-dependent manner. Thus, ONL was identified to be a potential endogenous ligand for LOX-1.
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Affiliation(s)
- Takahiro Shibata
- Graduate School of Bioagricultural Sciences, Nagoya University, Nagoya, Japan
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6
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Ishino K, Wakita C, Shibata T, Toyokuni S, Machida S, Matsuda S, Matsuda T, Uchida K. Lipid peroxidation generates body odor component trans-2-nonenal covalently bound to protein in vivo. J Biol Chem 2010; 285:15302-15313. [PMID: 20215107 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.m109.068023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
trans-2-Nonenal is an unsaturated aldehyde with an unpleasant greasy and grassy odor endogenously generated during the peroxidation of polyunsaturated fatty acids. 2-Nonenal covalently modified human serum albumin through a reaction in which the aldehyde preferentially reacted with the lysine residues. Modified proteins were immunogenic, and a specific monoclonal antibody (mAb) 27Q4 that cross-reacted with the protein covalently modified with 2-nonenal was raised from mouse. To verify the presence of the protein-bound 2-nonenal in vivo, the mAb 27Q4 against the 2-nonenal-modified keyhole limpet hemocyanin was raised. It was found that a novel 2-nonenal-lysine adduct, cis- and trans-N(epsilon)-3-[(hept-1-enyl)-4-hexylpyridinium]lysine (HHP-lysine), constitutes an epitope of the antibody. The immunoreactive materials with mAb 27Q4 were detected in the kidney of rats exposed to ferric nitrilotriacetate, an iron chelate that induces free radical-mediated oxidative tissue damage. Using high performance liquid chromatography with on-line electrospray ionization tandem mass spectrometry, we also established a highly sensitive method for detection of the cis- and trans-HHP-lysine and confirmed that the 2-nonenal-lysine adducts were indeed formed during the lipid peroxidation-mediated modification of protein in vitro and in vivo. Furthermore, we examined the involvement of the scavenger receptor lectin-like oxidized low density lipoprotein receptor-1 in the recognition of 2-nonenal-modified proteins and established that the receptor recognized the HHP-lysine adducts as a ligand.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kousuke Ishino
- Graduate School of Bioagricultural Sciences, Nagoya University, Nagoya 464-8601
| | - Chika Wakita
- Graduate School of Bioagricultural Sciences, Nagoya University, Nagoya 464-8601
| | - Takahiro Shibata
- Graduate School of Bioagricultural Sciences, Nagoya University, Nagoya 464-8601
| | - Shinya Toyokuni
- Department of Pathology and Biological Responses, Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya University, Nagoya 466-8550
| | - Sachiko Machida
- National Food Research Institute, 2-1-12 Kannondai, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8642
| | - Shun Matsuda
- Research Center for Environmental Quality Management, Kyoto University, 1-2 Otsu, 520-0811, Japan
| | - Tomonari Matsuda
- Research Center for Environmental Quality Management, Kyoto University, 1-2 Otsu, 520-0811, Japan
| | - Koji Uchida
- Graduate School of Bioagricultural Sciences, Nagoya University, Nagoya 464-8601.
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7
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Moisescu MG, Leveque P, Verjus MA, Kovacs E, Mir LM. 900 MHz modulated electromagnetic fields accelerate the clathrin-mediated endocytosis pathway. Bioelectromagnetics 2009; 30:222-30. [DOI: 10.1002/bem.20463] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
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8
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Antigen-presenting cells under the influence of alcohol. Trends Immunol 2008; 30:13-22. [PMID: 19059005 DOI: 10.1016/j.it.2008.09.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2008] [Revised: 09/18/2008] [Accepted: 09/19/2008] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
The negative influence of alcohol (ethanol) and its metabolites on innate and adaptive immunity is well-recognized. Much attention has recently been focused on the impact of acute and chronic alcohol exposure on antigen-presenting cells (APC). In particular, insights have been gained into how the properties of human blood monocytes and rodent macrophages are influenced by alcohol in vitro and in vivo. Here, we review the impact of alcohol on various aspects of APC function and the underlying mechanisms, including its effects on intracellular signaling events. We also discuss new information regarding the influence of alcohol on various APC populations in the liver, a primary site of alcohol metabolism.
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Abstract
The development of alcoholic liver disease (ALD) can be attributed to many factors that cause damage to the liver and alter its functions. Data collected over the last 30 years strongly suggests that an immune component may be involved in the onset of this disease. This is best evidenced by the detection of circulating autoantibodies, infiltration of immune cells in the liver, and the detection of hepatic aldehyde modified proteins in patients with ALD. Experimentally, there are numerous immune responses that occur when proteins are modified with the metabolites of ethanol. These products are formed in response to the high oxidative state of the liver during ethanol metabolism, causing the release of many inflammatory processes and potential of necrosis or apoptosis of liver cells. Should cellular proteins become modified with these reactive alcohol metabolites and be recognized by the immune system, then immune responses may be initiated. Therefore, it was the purpose of this article to shed some insight into how the immune system is involved in the development and/or progression of ALD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael J Duryee
- Omaha VA Medical Center, Research Service 151, Rm 325, 4101 Woolworth Avenue, Omaha, NE 68105, USA.
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10
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Mousavi SA, Sporstøl M, Fladeby C, Kjeken R, Barois N, Berg T. Receptor-mediated endocytosis of immune complexes in rat liver sinusoidal endothelial cells is mediated by FcgammaRIIb2. Hepatology 2007; 46:871-84. [PMID: 17680646 DOI: 10.1002/hep.21748] [Citation(s) in RCA: 76] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
UNLABELLED Liver sinusoidal endothelial cells (LSECs) display a number of receptors for efficient uptake of potentially injurious molecules. The receptors for the Fc portion of immunoglobulin G (IgG) antibodies (FcgammaRs) regulate a number of physiological and pathophysiological events. We used reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) and Western blotting to determine the expression of different types of FcgammaRs in LSECs. Biochemical approaches and immunofluorescence microscopy were used to characterize the FcgammaR-mediated endocytosis of immune complexes (ICs). FcgammaRIIb2 was identified as the main receptor for the efficient uptake of ICs in LSECs. The receptor was shown to use the clathrin pathway for IC uptake; however, the association with lipid rafts may slow the rate of its internalization. Moreover, despite trafficking through lysosomal integral membrane protein-II (LIMP-II)-containing compartments, the receptor was not degraded. Finally, it was shown that the receptor recycles to the cell surface both with and without IC. CONCLUSION FcgammaRIIb2 is the main receptor for endocytosis of ICs in rat LSECs. Internalized ICs are degraded with slow kinetics, and IC internalization is not linked to receptor downregulation. After internalization, the receptor recycles to the cell surface both with and without ICs. Thus, FcgammaRIIb2 in rat LSECs is used as both a recycling receptor and a receptor for efficient IC clearance.
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Szabo G, Weinman SA, Gao B, Polyak SJ, Mandrekar P, Thiele GM. RSA 2004: Combined Basic Research Satellite Symposium - Session Four: Hepatitis Virus and Alcohol Interactions in Immunity and Liver Disease. Alcohol Clin Exp Res 2006; 29:1753-7. [PMID: 16205377 DOI: 10.1097/01.alc.0000179319.44684.58] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
This article summarizes the proceedings of the RSA 2004 Combined Basic Research Satellite Meeting convened at the Westin Bayshore Resort and Marina, Vancouver, CA. The session "Hepatitis virus and alcohol interactions in immunity and liver disease" featured four speakers and was chaired by Drs. Diane Lucas and Samuel French. The presentations were 1) Mitochondrial effects of HCV proteins and alcohol by Steve Weinman, 2) Chronic alcohol consumption accelerates viral hepatitis and T-cell hepatitis via dysregulation of cytokine signaling by Bin Gao 3) Interactions between alcohol, hepatitis C virus and innate defense pathways by Steve Polyak and 4) Scavenger Receptor-mediated modulation of the innate and adaptive immune responses following chronic ethanol consumption by Geoffrey Thiele.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gyongyi Szabo
- University of Massachusetts Medical Center, Department of Medicine, Worcester, MA 01605-2324, USA
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12
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Tang N, He M, O’Riordan MA, Farkas C, Buck K, Lemmon V, Bearer CF. Ethanol inhibits L1 cell adhesion molecule activation of mitogen-activated protein kinases. J Neurochem 2006; 96:1480-90. [PMID: 16478533 PMCID: PMC4362514 DOI: 10.1111/j.1471-4159.2006.03649.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Inhibition of the functions of L1 cell adhesion molecule (L1) by ethanol has been implicated in the pathogenesis of the neurodevelopmental aspects of the fetal alcohol syndrome (FAS). Ethanol at pharmacological concentrations has been shown to inhibit L1-mediated neurite outgrowth of rat post-natal day 6 cerebellar granule cells (CGN). Extracellular signal-related kinases (ERK) 1/2 activation occurs following L1 clustering. Reduction in phosphoERK1/2 by inhibition of mitogen-activated protein kinase kinase (MEK) reduces neurite outgrowth of cerebellar neurons. Here, we examine the effects of ethanol on L1 activation of ERK1/2, and whether this activation occurs via activation of fibroblast growth factor receptor 1 (FGFR1). Ethanol at 25 mm markedly inhibited ERK1/2 activation by both clustering L1 with cross-linked monoclonal antibodies, or by L1-Fc chimeric proteins. Clustering L1 with subsequent ERK1/2 activation did not result in tyrosine phosphorylation of the FGFR1. In addition, inhibition of FGFR1 tyrosine kinase blocked basic fibroblast growth factor (bFGF) activation of ERK1/2, but did not affect activation of ERK1/2 by clustered L1. We conclude that ethanol disrupts the signaling pathway between L1 clustering and ERK1/2 activation, and that this occurs independently of the FGFR1 pathway in cerebellar granule cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ningfeng Tang
- Department of Pediatrics, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, Ohio, USA
| | - Min He
- Department of Pediatrics, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, Ohio, USA
| | - Mary Ann O’Riordan
- Department of Pediatrics, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, Ohio, USA
| | - Chloe Farkas
- Department of Pediatrics, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, Ohio, USA
| | - Kevin Buck
- Department of Pediatrics, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, Ohio, USA
| | - Vance Lemmon
- The Miami Project to Cure Paralysis, University of Miami School of Medicine, Miami, Florida, USA
| | - Cynthia F. Bearer
- Department of Pediatrics, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, Ohio, USA
- Department of Neurosciences, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, Ohio, USA
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Freeman TL, Tuma DJ, Thiele GM, Klassen LW, Worrall S, Niemelä O, Parkkila S, Emery PW, Preedy VR. Recent advances in alcohol-induced adduct formation. Alcohol Clin Exp Res 2006; 29:1310-6. [PMID: 16088993 DOI: 10.1097/01.alc.0000171484.52201.52] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Thomas L Freeman
- University of Nebraska Medical Center and the Veterans Administration Medical Center, Omaha, Nebraska, USA
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14
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Thiele GM, Duryee MJ, Freeman TL, Sorrell MF, Willis MS, Tuma DJ, Klassen LW. Rat sinusoidal liver endothelial cells (SECs) produce pro-fibrotic factors in response to adducts formed from the metabolites of ethanol. Biochem Pharmacol 2005; 70:1593-600. [PMID: 16202982 DOI: 10.1016/j.bcp.2005.08.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2005] [Revised: 08/26/2005] [Accepted: 08/26/2005] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
Previous studies with alcohol-associated malondialdehyde-acetaldehyde (MAA)-modified proteins have demonstrated an increase in the expression of adhesion molecules, and the secretion of pro-inflammatory cytokines/chemokines by rat sinusoidal liver endothelial cells (SECs). However, no studies have been initiated to examine the effects of MAA-modified proteins on the expression of the extracellular matrix (ECM) protein, fibronectin and its isoforms. For these studies, SECs were isolated from the liver of normal rats, and exposed to MAA-modified bovine serum albumin (MAA-Alb). At selected time points, the total plasma and cellular fibronectin were determined by Western blot. Injection of rat liver via the mesenteric vein with MAA-Alb was performed in an effort to evaluate the potential in vivo role of MAA-modified proteins in the development of fibrosis. Expression of both plasma and cellular fibronectin was significantly increased over controls in the MAA-Alb stimulated SECs (>3-fold). Importantly, the isotype of fibronectin secreted was determined to be of the EIIIA variant and not EIIIB. These data were confirmed using RT-PCR procedures on liver tissue from; isolated SECs, and from an in vivo animal model wherein MAA-Alb was administered via the mesenteric vein. Thus, these studies demonstrate that MAA-modified proteins initiate a pro-fibrogenic response by initiating the expression of the fibronectin EIIIA isoform by SECs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Geoffrey M Thiele
- University of Nebraska Medical Center, Department of Internal Medicine, 983025 Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE 68198-3025, USA.
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15
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Duryee MJ, Freeman TL, Willis MS, Hunter CD, Hamilton BC, Suzuki H, Tuma DJ, Klassen LW, Thiele GM. Scavenger receptors on sinusoidal liver endothelial cells are involved in the uptake of aldehyde-modified proteins. Mol Pharmacol 2005; 68:1423-30. [PMID: 16105988 DOI: 10.1124/mol.105.016121] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Scavenger receptors on sinusoidal liver endothelial cells (SECs) eliminate potentially harmful modified proteins circulating through the liver. It was shown recently that aldehyde-modified proteins bind to scavenger receptors and are associated with the development/progression of alcoholic liver diseases. For these studies, rat livers were perfused in situ with 125I-formaldehyde-bovine serum albumin (f-Alb) or 125I-malondialdehyde-acetaldehyde-bovine serum albumin (MAA-Alb) in the presence of known scavenger receptor ligands as inhibitors. Reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) analysis and scavenger receptor Type A (SRA) knock-out mice were used to assess the role of these receptors in mediating immune responses. The degradation of 125I-f-Alb or 125I-MAA-Alb in whole livers and isolated SECs can be inhibited by known scavenger receptor ligands, including f-Alb, maleylated bovine albumin, and fucoidan. 125I-f-Alb could not be completely inhibited by MAA-Alb. In contrast, 125I-MAA-Alb was only partially inhibited with advanced glycosylated endproduct albumin. RT-PCR data show the presence of a number of scavenger receptors on SECs that may be responsible for the binding of MAA-modified proteins. SRA seems to be one of these receptors involved in the effects mediated by MAA-modified proteins. In a study using SRA knockout mice, it was shown that a decreased antibody response to MAA-Alb resulted. By RT-PCR, CD36, LOX-1, and SR-AI are the scavenger receptors most likely involved in the degradation of MAA-Alb.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael J Duryee
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, Nebraska, Omaha, NE 68105, USA.
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Duryee MJ, Klassen LW, Freeman TL, Willis MS, Tuma DJ, Thiele GM. Lipopolysaccharide is a cofactor for malondialdehyde-acetaldehyde adduct-mediated cytokine/chemokine release by rat sinusoidal liver endothelial and Kupffer cells. Alcohol Clin Exp Res 2005; 28:1931-8. [PMID: 15608611 DOI: 10.1097/01.alc.0000148115.90045.c5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The nonparenchymal cells of the liver have been suggested to play a significant role in the inflammatory processes observed in the development and/or progression of alcoholic liver disease. Our laboratories have shown that malondialdehyde-acetaldehyde (MAA)-modified proteins can induce immune responses, cytokine/chemokine secretion, and antigen processing and presentation by liver sinusoidal endothelial cells (SECs). Another molecule that has been shown to induce similar types of responses in Kupffer cells (KCs) is lipopolysaccharide (LPS). Because these materials induce similar responses, it was the purpose of this study to investigate the relationship between LPS and MAA-modified proteins in the development of proinflammatory responses by SECs and KCs. METHODS For these studies, SECs and KCs were isolated from chow-fed, pair-fed, and ethanol-fed rats. Cells were stimulated with media alone, bovine serum albumin (Alb), or MAA-modified Alb (MAA-Alb) in the presence or absence of LPS 1 ng/ml, and the supernatants were assayed by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay for tumor necrosis factor alpha, macrophage chemotactic protein 1, and macrophage inhibitory protein. RESULTS All three cytokines/chemokines were 3 to 5 times higher when SECs or KCs were stimulated by MAA-Alb in the presence of LPS, in contrast to cells stimulated with Alb or media in the presence of LPS. Chronic ethanol consumption (6 weeks) had variable effects on the secretion of these cytokines/chemokines but in general did not alter the increased secretion in response to MAA-Alb in the presence of LPS. CONCLUSIONS These studies strongly suggest that the sensitization of SECs and KCs by LPS plays a significant role in the development and/or progression of alcoholic liver disease, and the subsequent activation by MAA-modified proteins may be a mechanism by which proinflammatory processes are initiated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael J Duryee
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, Nebraska, USA
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