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Jünger F, Rohrbach A. Making Hidden Cell Particle Interactions Visible by Thermal Noise Frequency Decomposition. SMALL (WEINHEIM AN DER BERGSTRASSE, GERMANY) 2023; 19:e2207032. [PMID: 37337392 DOI: 10.1002/smll.202207032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/12/2022] [Revised: 02/15/2023] [Indexed: 06/21/2023]
Abstract
Thermal noise drives cellular structures, bacteria, and viruses on different temporal and spatial scales. Their weak interactions with their environment can change on subsecond scales. However, particle interactions can be hidden or invisible-even when measured with thermal noise sensitivity, leading to misconceptions about their binding behavior. Here, it is demonstrated how invisible particle interactions at the cell periphery become visible by MHz interferometric thermal noise tracking and frequency decomposition at a spectral update rate of only 0.5 s. The particle fluctuations are analyzed in radial and lateral directions by a viscoelastic modulus G(ω,tex ) over the experiment time tex , revealing a surprisingly similar, frequency dependent response for different cell types. This response behavior can be explained by a mathematical model for molecular scale elasticity and damping. The method to reveal hidden interactions is tested at two examples: the stiffening of macrophage filopodia tips within 2 s with particle contact invisible by the fluctuation width. Second, the extent and stiffness of the soft cell glycocalyx is measured, which can be sensed by a particle only on microsecond-timescales, but which remains invisible on time-average. This concept study shows how to uncover hidden cellular interactions, if particle motions are measured at high-speed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Felix Jünger
- Laboratory for Bio- and Nano-Photonics, Department of Microsystems Engineering (IMTEK), University of Freiburg, Georges-Koehler-Allee 102, 79110, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Alexander Rohrbach
- Laboratory for Bio- and Nano-Photonics, Department of Microsystems Engineering (IMTEK), University of Freiburg, Georges-Koehler-Allee 102, 79110, Freiburg, Germany
- CIBSS - Centre for Integrative Biological Signaling Studies, University of Freiburg, Schänzlestr. 18, 79104, Freiburg, Germany
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2
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Tiwari AK, Gupta MK, Narayan RJ, Pandey PC. A whole cell fluorescence quenching-based approach for the investigation of polyethyleneimine functionalized silver nanoparticles interaction with Candida albicans. Front Microbiol 2023; 14:1131122. [PMID: 36925472 PMCID: PMC10011178 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2023.1131122] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/24/2022] [Accepted: 02/09/2023] [Indexed: 03/08/2023] Open
Abstract
The antimicrobial activity of metal nanoparticles can be considered a two-step process. In the first step, nanoparticles interact with the cell surface; the second step involves the implementation of the microbicidal processes. Silver nanoparticles have been widely explored for their antimicrobial activity against many pathogens. The interaction dynamics of functionalized silver nanoparticles at the biological interface must be better understood to develop surface-tuned biocompatible nanomaterial-containing formulations with selective antimicrobial activity. Herein, this study used the intrinsic fluorescence of whole C. albicans cells as a molecular probe to understand the cell surface interaction dynamics of polyethyleneimine-functionalized silver nanoparticles and antifungal mechanism of the same. The results demonstrated that synthesized PEI-f-Ag-NPs were ~ 5.6 ± 1.2 nm in size and exhibited a crystalline structure. Furthermore, the recorded zeta potential (+18.2 mV) was associated with the stability of NPS and shown a strong electrostatic interaction tendency between the negatively charged cell surface. Thus, rapid killing kinetics was observed, with a remarkably low MIC value of 5 μg/mL. PEI-f-Ag-NPs quenched the intrinsic fluorescence of C. albicans cells with increasing incubation time and concentration and have shown saturation effect within 120 min. The calculated binding constant (Kb = 1 × 105 M-1, n = 1.01) indicated strong binding tendency of PEI-f-Ag-NPs with C. albicans surface. It should also be noted that the silver nanoparticles interacted more selectively with the tyrosine-rich proteins in the fungal cell. However, calcofluor white fluorescence quenching showed non-specific binding on the cell surface. Thus, the antifungal mechanisms of PEI-f-Ag-NPs were observed as reactive oxygen species (ROS) overproduction and cell wall pit formation. This study demonstrated the utility of fluorescence spectroscopy for qualitative analysis of polyethyleneimine-functionalized silver nanoparticle interaction/binding with C. albicans cell surface biomolecules. Although, a quantitative approach is needed to better understand the interaction dynamics in order to formulate selective surface tuned nanoparticle for selective antifungal activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Atul Kumar Tiwari
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology (BHU), Varanasi, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Munesh Kumar Gupta
- Mycology Laboratory, Department of Microbiology, Institute of Medical Sciences, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Roger J Narayan
- Joint Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of North Carolina and North Carolina State University, Chapel Hill, NC, United States
| | - Prem C Pandey
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology (BHU), Varanasi, Uttar Pradesh, India
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Bose RJC, Tharmalingam N, Choi Y, Madheswaran T, Paulmurugan R, McCarthy JR, Lee SH, Park H. Combating Intracellular Pathogens with Nanohybrid-Facilitated Antibiotic Delivery. Int J Nanomedicine 2020; 15:8437-8449. [PMID: 33162754 PMCID: PMC7642590 DOI: 10.2147/ijn.s271850] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2020] [Accepted: 10/09/2020] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Lipid polymer hybrid nanoparticles (LPHNPs) have been widely investigated in drug and gene delivery as well as in medical imaging. A knowledge of lipid-based surface engineering and its effects on how the physicochemical properties of LPHNPs affect the cell-nanoparticle interactions, and consequently how it influences the cytological response, is in high demand. METHODS Herein, we have engineered antibiotic-loaded (doxycycline or vancomycin) LPHNPs with cationic and zwitterionic lipids and examined the effects on their physicochemical characteristics (size and charge), antibiotic entrapment efficiency, and the in vitro intracellular bacterial killing efficiency against Mycobacterium smegmatis or Staphylococcus aureus infected macrophages. RESULTS The incorporation of cationic or zwitterionic lipids in the LPHNP formulation resulted in a size reduction in LPHNPs formulations and shifted the surface charge of bare NPs towards positive or neutral values. Also observed were influences on the drug incorporation efficiency and modulation of the drug release from the biodegradable polymeric core. The therapeutic efficacy of LPHNPs loaded with vancomycin was improved as its minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) (2 µg/mL) versus free vancomycin (4 µg/mL). Importantly, our results show a direct relationship between the cationic surface nature of LPHNPs and its intracellular bacterial killing efficiency as the cationic doxycycline or vancomycin loaded LPHNPs reduced 4 or 3 log CFU respectively versus the untreated controls. CONCLUSION In our study, modulation of surface charge in the nanomaterial formulation increased macrophage uptake and intracellular bacterial killing efficiency of LPHNPs loaded with antibiotics, suggesting alternate way for optimizing their use in biomedical applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rajendran J C Bose
- School of Integrative Engineering, Chung-Ang University, Seoul, South Korea
- Molecular Imaging Program at Stanford (MIPS), Department of Radiology, School of Medicine, Stanford University, Stanford, CA94305-5427, USA
- Canary Center at Stanford for Cancer Early Detection, Department of Radiology, School of Medicine, Stanford University, Stanford, CA94305-5427, USA
- Masonic Medical Research Institute, Utica, NY, USA
| | - Nagendran Tharmalingam
- Infectious Diseases Division, Warren Alpert Medical School of Brown University, Rhode Island Hospital, Providence, RI02903, USA
| | - Yonghyun Choi
- School of Integrative Engineering, Chung-Ang University, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Thiagarajan Madheswaran
- Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, School of Pharmacy, International Medical University, Kuala Lumpur57000, Malaysia
| | - Ramasamy Paulmurugan
- Molecular Imaging Program at Stanford (MIPS), Department of Radiology, School of Medicine, Stanford University, Stanford, CA94305-5427, USA
- Canary Center at Stanford for Cancer Early Detection, Department of Radiology, School of Medicine, Stanford University, Stanford, CA94305-5427, USA
| | | | - Soo-Hong Lee
- Department of Medical Biotechnology, Dongguk University, Seoul, Gyeonggi-do, South Korea
| | - Hansoo Park
- School of Integrative Engineering, Chung-Ang University, Seoul, South Korea
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Pinon L, Montel L, Mesdjian O, Bernard M, Michel A, Ménager C, Fattaccioli J. Kinetically Enhanced Fabrication of Homogeneous Biomimetic and Functional Emulsion Droplets. LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2018; 34:15319-15326. [PMID: 30507132 DOI: 10.1021/acs.langmuir.8b02721] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/13/2023]
Abstract
Characterized by a fluid and deformable interface, ligand-functionalized emulsion droplets are used as model probes to address biophysical, biological, and developmental questions. Functionalization protocols usually rely on the use of headgroup-modified phospholipids that are dissolved in the oil phase prior to emulsification, leading to a broad range of surface densities within a given droplet population. With the aim to coat particles homogeneously with biologically relevant lipids and proteins (streptavidin, immunoglobulins, etc.), we developed a reliable surface decoration protocol based on the use of polar cosolvents to dissolve the lipids in the aqueous phase after the droplet production. We show that the surface density of the lipids at the interface has a narrow normal distribution for droplets having the same size. We performed titration isotherms for lipids and biologically relevant proteins on these drops. Then, we studied the influence of the presence of surfactants in the medium on lipid insertion and compared the results for a range of polar cosolvents of increasing polarity. To assess both the generality and the biocompatibility of the method, we show that we can produce more sophisticated, monodisperse functional magnetic emulsions with a very high surface homogeneity. Using an oil denser than the surrounding culture medium, we show that IgG-coated droplets can be used as probes for phagocytosis experiments.
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Affiliation(s)
- L Pinon
- PASTEUR, Département de Chimie, École Normale Supérieure, PSL University, Sorbonne Université, CNRS , 75005 Paris , France
- Institut Curie, PSL University, INSERM U932 , 26 rue d'Ulm , 75248 Paris Cedex 05 , France
| | - L Montel
- PASTEUR, Département de Chimie, École Normale Supérieure, PSL University, Sorbonne Université, CNRS , 75005 Paris , France
| | - O Mesdjian
- PASTEUR, Département de Chimie, École Normale Supérieure, PSL University, Sorbonne Université, CNRS , 75005 Paris , France
| | - M Bernard
- PASTEUR, Département de Chimie, École Normale Supérieure, PSL University, Sorbonne Université, CNRS , 75005 Paris , France
- UMR 144, Institut Curie , 12 rue Lhomond , 75005 Paris , France
| | - A Michel
- Sorbonne Université, CNRS, Laboratoire Physicochimie des Électrolytes et Nanosystèmes Interfaciaux PHENIX , 4 place Jussieu , F-75005 Paris , France
| | - C Ménager
- Sorbonne Université, CNRS, Laboratoire Physicochimie des Électrolytes et Nanosystèmes Interfaciaux PHENIX , 4 place Jussieu , F-75005 Paris , France
| | - J Fattaccioli
- PASTEUR, Département de Chimie, École Normale Supérieure, PSL University, Sorbonne Université, CNRS , 75005 Paris , France
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Jünger F, Kohler F, Meinel A, Meyer T, Nitschke R, Erhard B, Rohrbach A. Measuring Local Viscosities near Plasma Membranes of Living Cells with Photonic Force Microscopy. Biophys J 2016; 109:869-82. [PMID: 26331245 DOI: 10.1016/j.bpj.2015.07.027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2014] [Revised: 07/08/2015] [Accepted: 07/17/2015] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
The molecular processes of particle binding and endocytosis are influenced by the locally changing mobility of the particle nearby the plasma membrane of a living cell. However, it is unclear how the particle's hydrodynamic drag and momentum vary locally and how they are mechanically transferred to the cell. We have measured the thermal fluctuations of a 1 μm-sized polystyrene sphere, which was placed in defined distances to plasma membranes of various cell types by using an optical trap and fast three-dimensional (3D) interferometric particle tracking. From the particle position fluctuations on a 30 μs timescale, we determined the distance-dependent change of the viscous drag in directions perpendicular and parallel to the cell membrane. Measurements on macrophages, adenocarcinoma cells, and epithelial cells revealed a significantly longer hydrodynamic coupling length of the particle to the membrane than those measured at giant unilamellar vesicles (GUVs) or a plane glass interface. In contrast to GUVs, there is also a strong increase in friction and in mean first passage time normal to the cell membrane. This hydrodynamic coupling transfers a different amount of momentum to the interior of living cells and might serve as an ultra-soft stimulus triggering further reactions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Felix Jünger
- Laboratory for Bio- and Nano-Photonics, Department of Microsystems Engineering, University of Freiburg, Germany
| | - Felix Kohler
- Laboratory for Bio- and Nano-Photonics, Department of Microsystems Engineering, University of Freiburg, Germany
| | - Andreas Meinel
- Laboratory for Bio- and Nano-Photonics, Department of Microsystems Engineering, University of Freiburg, Germany
| | - Tim Meyer
- Macromolecular Modelling Group, Institute of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Freie Universität Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Roland Nitschke
- Life Imaging Center (LIC) and Center for Biological Systems Analysis (ZBSA), University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Birgit Erhard
- Laboratory for Bio- and Nano-Photonics, Department of Microsystems Engineering, University of Freiburg, Germany
| | - Alexander Rohrbach
- Laboratory for Bio- and Nano-Photonics, Department of Microsystems Engineering, University of Freiburg, Germany; BIOSS Centre for Biological Signalling Studies, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany.
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Li Z, Li S, Zhou X, Sun L, Zhang Q, Pan Y, Zhao Q. Synthesis of multifunctional nanocomposites and their application in imaging and targeting tumor cells in vitro. ARTIFICIAL CELLS NANOMEDICINE AND BIOTECHNOLOGY 2015; 44:1236-46. [PMID: 25801038 DOI: 10.3109/21691401.2015.1019667] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Abstract
The labeling of cells with nanomaterials for tumor detection is a very important part of various biomedical applications. In this study, multilayer nanocomposites were synthesized to achieve the multiple functions of fluorescence, magnetism, and bioaffinity. Firstly, superparamagnetic Fe3O4 nanoparticles were prepared as a magnetic core. Then, fluorescein isothiocyanate (FITC) was covalently linked to the surface of the silica-coated Fe3O4 core (designated FMNPs). Finally, bovine serum albumin (BSA) was conjugated onto the FMNPs (designated FMNPs-BSA). We also evaluated the feasibility and efficiency of labeling the human liver cancer cell line SMMC-7721 (SMMC-7721) with nanocomposites. SEM, hysteresis loop, EDS, FTIR, fluorescence spectra, and fluorescence microscopy were used to determine the physicochemical properties of nanocomposites. Fluorescence microscopy, SEM-EDS, and TEM were used to determine fluorescence labeling, absorption, and uptake respectively. The results showed that the nanocomposites obtained exhibited fine superparamagnetism, strong fluorescence, and good biological affinity. We succeeded in using the new multilayer nanocomposites to label cells, which had properties of magnetic targeting and fluorescent tracing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhenzhen Li
- a College of Chemical Engineering, Sichuan University , Chengdu, Sichuan , China
| | - Sai Li
- a College of Chemical Engineering, Sichuan University , Chengdu, Sichuan , China
| | - Xue Zhou
- a College of Chemical Engineering, Sichuan University , Chengdu, Sichuan , China
| | - Lin Sun
- a College of Chemical Engineering, Sichuan University , Chengdu, Sichuan , China
| | - Qiuyan Zhang
- a College of Chemical Engineering, Sichuan University , Chengdu, Sichuan , China
| | - Yujin Pan
- a College of Chemical Engineering, Sichuan University , Chengdu, Sichuan , China
| | - Qiang Zhao
- a College of Chemical Engineering, Sichuan University , Chengdu, Sichuan , China
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7
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Ben M'Barek K, Molino D, Quignard S, Plamont MA, Chen Y, Chavrier P, Fattaccioli J. Phagocytosis of immunoglobulin-coated emulsion droplets. Biomaterials 2015; 51:270-277. [PMID: 25771017 DOI: 10.1016/j.biomaterials.2015.02.030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/29/2014] [Accepted: 02/02/2015] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
Phagocytosis by macrophages represents a fundamental process essential for both immunity and tissue homeostasis. The size of targets to be eliminated ranges from small particles as bacteria to large objects as cancerous or senescent cells. Most of our current quantitative knowledge on phagocytosis is based on the use of solid polymer microparticles as model targets that are well adapted to the study of phagocytosis mechanisms that do not involve any lateral mobility of the ligands, despite the relevance of this parameter in the immunological context. Herein we designed monodisperse, IgG-coated emulsion droplets that are efficiently and specifically internalized by macrophages through in-vitro FcγR-mediated phagocytosis. We show that, contrary to solid polymeric beads, droplet uptake is efficient even for low IgG densities, and is accompagnied by the clustering of the opsonins in the zone of contact with the macrophage during the adhesion step. Beyond the sole interest in the design of the material, our results suggest that lateral mobility of proteins at the interface of a target greatly enhances the phagocytic uptake.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kalthoum Ben M'Barek
- Ecole Normale Supérieure - PSL Research University, Département de Chimie, 24 rue Lhomond, F-75005, Paris, France; Sorbonne Universités, UPMC Univ. Paris 06, PASTEUR, F-75005, Paris, France; CNRS, UMR 8640 PASTEUR, F-75005, Paris, France
| | - Diana Molino
- Ecole Normale Supérieure - PSL Research University, Département de Chimie, 24 rue Lhomond, F-75005, Paris, France; Sorbonne Universités, UPMC Univ. Paris 06, PASTEUR, F-75005, Paris, France; CNRS, UMR 8640 PASTEUR, F-75005, Paris, France
| | - Sandrine Quignard
- Ecole Normale Supérieure - PSL Research University, Département de Chimie, 24 rue Lhomond, F-75005, Paris, France; Sorbonne Universités, UPMC Univ. Paris 06, PASTEUR, F-75005, Paris, France; CNRS, UMR 8640 PASTEUR, F-75005, Paris, France
| | - Marie-Aude Plamont
- Ecole Normale Supérieure - PSL Research University, Département de Chimie, 24 rue Lhomond, F-75005, Paris, France; Sorbonne Universités, UPMC Univ. Paris 06, PASTEUR, F-75005, Paris, France; CNRS, UMR 8640 PASTEUR, F-75005, Paris, France
| | - Yong Chen
- Ecole Normale Supérieure - PSL Research University, Département de Chimie, 24 rue Lhomond, F-75005, Paris, France; Sorbonne Universités, UPMC Univ. Paris 06, PASTEUR, F-75005, Paris, France; CNRS, UMR 8640 PASTEUR, F-75005, Paris, France
| | - Philippe Chavrier
- Institut Curie, Research Center, Paris, France; Membrane and Cytoskeleton Dynamics, CNRS, UMR 144, Paris, France
| | - Jacques Fattaccioli
- Ecole Normale Supérieure - PSL Research University, Département de Chimie, 24 rue Lhomond, F-75005, Paris, France; Sorbonne Universités, UPMC Univ. Paris 06, PASTEUR, F-75005, Paris, France; CNRS, UMR 8640 PASTEUR, F-75005, Paris, France.
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Sette A, Spadavecchia J, Landoulsi J, Casale S, Haye B, Crociani O, Arcangeli A. Development of novel anti-Kv 11.1 antibody-conjugated PEG-TiO 2 nanoparticles for targeting pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma cells. JOURNAL OF NANOPARTICLE RESEARCH : AN INTERDISCIPLINARY FORUM FOR NANOSCALE SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY 2013; 15:2111. [PMID: 24348091 PMCID: PMC3857862 DOI: 10.1007/s11051-013-2111-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/14/2013] [Accepted: 10/31/2013] [Indexed: 05/08/2023]
Abstract
Titanium dioxide (TiO2) has been widely used in many nanotechnology areas including nanomedicine, where it could be proposed for the photodynamic and sonodynamic cancer therapies. However, TiO2 nanoformulations have been shown to be toxic for living cells. In this article, we report the development of a new delivery system, based on nontoxic TiO2 nanoparticles, further conjugated with a monoclonal antibody against a novel and easily accessible tumor marker, e.g., the Kv 11.1 potassium channel. We synthesized, by simple solvothermal method, dicarboxylic acid-terminated PEG TiO2 nanocrystals (PEG-TiO2 NPs). Anti-Kv 11.1 monoclonal antibodies (Kv 11.1-Mab) were further linked to the terminal carboxylic acid groups. Proper conjugation was confirmed by X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy analysis. Kv 11.1-Mab-PEG-TiO2 NPs efficiently recognized the specific Kv 11.1 antigen, both in vitro and in pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) cells, which express the Kv 11.1 channel onto the plasma membrane. Both PEG TiO2 and Kv 11.1-Mab-PEG-TiO2 NPs were not cytotoxic, but only Kv 11.1-Mab-PEG-TiO2 NPs were efficiently internalized into PDAC cells. Data gathered from this study may have further applications for the chemical design of nanostructures to be applied for therapeutic purposes in pancreatic cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Angelica Sette
- Section of Internal Medicine, Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, University of Florence, Viale GB Morgagni 50, 50134 Florence, Italy
| | - Jolanda Spadavecchia
- Laboratoire de Réactivité de Surface, UMR CNRS 7197, Université Pierre & Marie Curie-Paris VI, Site d’Ivry-Le Raphaël, 94200 Ivry-sur-Seine, France
| | - Jessem Landoulsi
- Laboratoire de Réactivité de Surface, UMR CNRS 7197, Université Pierre & Marie Curie-Paris VI, Site d’Ivry-Le Raphaël, 94200 Ivry-sur-Seine, France
| | - Sandra Casale
- Laboratoire de Réactivité de Surface, UMR CNRS 7197, Université Pierre & Marie Curie-Paris VI, Site d’Ivry-Le Raphaël, 94200 Ivry-sur-Seine, France
| | - Bernard Haye
- Chimie de la Matière Condensée de Paris, Collège de France, Université Pierre & Marie Curie – Paris VI, 11 place Marcelin Berthelot, Paris, France
| | - Olivia Crociani
- Section of Internal Medicine, Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, University of Florence, Viale GB Morgagni 50, 50134 Florence, Italy
- DI.V.A.L. Toscana srl, Via Madonna del Piano 6, 50019 Sesto Fiorentino (FI), Italy
| | - Annarosa Arcangeli
- Section of Internal Medicine, Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, University of Florence, Viale GB Morgagni 50, 50134 Florence, Italy
- DI.V.A.L. Toscana srl, Via Madonna del Piano 6, 50019 Sesto Fiorentino (FI), Italy
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Lonez C, Vandenbranden M, Ruysschaert JM. Cationic lipids activate intracellular signaling pathways. Adv Drug Deliv Rev 2012; 64:1749-58. [PMID: 22634161 DOI: 10.1016/j.addr.2012.05.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 160] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2012] [Accepted: 05/09/2012] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
Cationic liposomes are commonly used as a transfection reagent for DNA, RNA or proteins and as a co-adjuvant of antigens for vaccination trials. A high density of positive charges close to cell surface is likely to be recognized as a signal of danger by cells or contribute to trigger cascades that are classically activated by endogenous cationic compounds. The present review provides evidence that cationic liposomes activate several cellular pathways like pro-apoptotic and pro-inflammatory cascades. An improved knowledge of the relationship between the cationic lipid properties (nature of the lipid hydrophilic moieties, hydrocarbon tail, mode of organization) and the activation of these pathways opens the way to the use and design of cationic tailored for a specific application (e.g. for gene transport or as adjuvants).
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10
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Khanbabaie R, Jahanshahi M. Revolutionary impact of nanodrug delivery on neuroscience. Curr Neuropharmacol 2012; 10:370-92. [PMID: 23730260 PMCID: PMC3520046 DOI: 10.2174/157015912804143513] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2012] [Revised: 08/09/2012] [Accepted: 08/28/2012] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Brain research is the most expanding interdisciplinary research that is using the state of the art techniques to overcome limitations in order to conduct more accurate and effective experiments. Drug delivery to the target site in the central nervous system (CNS) is one of the most difficult steps in neuroscience researches and therapies. Taking advantage of the nanoscale structure of neural cells (both neurons and glia); nanodrug delivery (second generation of biotechnological products) has a potential revolutionary impact into the basic understanding, visualization and therapeutic applications of neuroscience. Current review article firstly provides an overview of preparation and characterization, purification and separation, loading and delivering of nanodrugs. Different types of nanoparticle bioproducts and a number of methods for their fabrication and delivery systems including (carbon) nanotubes are explained. In the second part, neuroscience and nervous system drugs are deeply investigated. Different mechanisms in which nanoparticles enhance the uptake and clearance of molecules form cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) are discussed. The focus is on nanodrugs that are being used or have potential to improve neural researches, diagnosis and therapy of neurodegenerative disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Reza Khanbabaie
- Nanotechnology Research Institute, Babol University of Technology, Babol, Iran
- Faculty of Basic Science, Department of Physics, Babol University of Technology, Babol, Iran
- Department of Physics, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Canada
| | - Mohsen Jahanshahi
- Nanotechnology Research Institute, Babol University of Technology, Babol, Iran
- Faculty of Chemical Engineering, Babol University of Technology, Babol, Iran
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11
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Real time observation and kinetic modeling of the cellular uptake and removal of silicon quantum dots. Biomaterials 2012; 33:4639-45. [DOI: 10.1016/j.biomaterials.2012.03.029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2012] [Accepted: 03/07/2012] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
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12
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Schrand AM, Dai L, Schlager JJ, Hussain SM. Toxicity Testing of Nanomaterials. ADVANCES IN EXPERIMENTAL MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY 2012; 745:58-75. [DOI: 10.1007/978-1-4614-3055-1_5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/03/2022]
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13
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Gjetting T, Arildsen NS, Christensen CL, Poulsen TT, Roth JA, Handlos VN, Poulsen HS. In vitro and in vivo effects of polyethylene glycol (PEG)-modified lipid in DOTAP/cholesterol-mediated gene transfection. Int J Nanomedicine 2010; 5:371-83. [PMID: 20957159 PMCID: PMC2950395 DOI: 10.2147/ijn.s10462] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2010] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: DOTAP/cholesterol-based lipoplexes are successfully used for delivery of plasmid DNA in vivo especially to the lungs, although low systemic stability and circulation have been reported. To achieve the aim of discovering the best method for systemic delivery of DNA to disseminated tumors we evaluated the potential of formulating DOTAP/cholesterol lipoplexes with a polyethylene glycol (PEG)-modified lipid, giving the benefit of the shielding and stabilizing properties of PEG in the bloodstream. Method: A direct comparison of properties in vitro and in vivo of 4 different DOTAP/cholesterol-based lipoplexes containing 0%, 2%, 4%, and 10% PEG was performed using reporter gene activity and radioactive tracer lipid markers to monitor biodistribution. Results: We found that 10% PEGylation of lipoplexes caused reduced retention in lung and heart tissues of nude mice compared to nonPEGylated lipoplexes, however no significant delivery to xenograft flank tumors was observed. Although PEGylated and nonPEGylated lipoplexes were delivered to cells the ability to mediate successful transfection is hampered upon PEGylation, presumably due to a changed uptake mechanism and intracellular processing. Conclusion: The eminent in vivo transfection potency of DOTAP/cholesterol-based lipoplexes is well established for expression in lung tumors, but it is unsuitable for expression in non first pass organs such as xenograft flank tumors in mice even after addition of a PEG-lipid in the formulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Torben Gjetting
- Department of Radiation Biology, Finsen Center, University Hospital, Copenhagen, Denmark
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14
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Missirlis D, Hubbell JA. In vitro uptake of amphiphilic, hydrogel nanoparticles by J774A.1 cells. J Biomed Mater Res A 2009; 93:1557-65. [DOI: 10.1002/jbm.a.32648] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
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15
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Smirnov P. Cellular magnetic resonance imaging using superparamagnetic anionic iron oxide nanoparticles: applications to in vivo trafficking of lymphocytes and cell-based anticancer therapy. Methods Mol Biol 2009; 512:333-53. [PMID: 19347287 DOI: 10.1007/978-1-60327-530-9_19] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/16/2023]
Abstract
In current cancer research, the application of cytotoxic T lymphocytes with specificity to tumor antigens is regarded as a real therapeutic hope. The objective of imaging is to provide a follow-up of these killer cells in real time, in order to gain a better understanding of the mechanisms and action modes of lymphocytes on the tumor. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) has the advantage of the innocuousness of the applied magnetic field. Moreover, it has an exceptional spatial resolution allowing the visualization of anatomical areas without in-depth limitations. These features make MRI particularly adapted for cellular imaging. The use of " (ultrasmall) superparamagnetic iron oxide " particles [(U) SPIO] offers the adequate sensitivity required for cellular imaging. To promote a sufficient capture of these particles in nonphagocytic cells and make the cell of interest " detectable " by MRI after its injection, an important challenge in cellular imaging is to develop improved cell-labeling techniques. Superparamagnetic anionic nanoparticles (iron oxides of 10-nm diameter) are adsorbed in a nonspecific way on the membrane of the majority of cells, allowing their spontaneous internalization in intracellular vesicles. This pathway of cellular labeling confers a particular status to these nanoparticles as MRI contrast agents; the cells labeled in this manner possess magnetic and contrast properties that allow their in vivo detection and follow-up by MRI. This chapter describes the synthesis, the potential use, and the features of cellular labeling with these types of anionic nanoparticles. We also focus on the MRI contrast properties of the labeled cells, as well as on the feasibility of in vivo detection of immunizing circulating cells by MRI, with direct implications in cell-based anticancer therapy using lymphocytes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pierre Smirnov
- Centre de Biophysique Moléculaire (CBM), UPR 4301 CNRS, Equipe Imagerie et Spectroscopie par Résonance Magnétique du Petit Animal, Orléans, France
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16
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Jahns AC, Haverkamp RG, Rehm BHA. Multifunctional inorganic-binding beads self-assembled inside engineered bacteria. Bioconjug Chem 2008; 19:2072-80. [PMID: 18778091 DOI: 10.1021/bc8001979] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Multifunctional shell-core nano/microbeads with a hydrophobic biopolymer core and a designed protein coat for selective binding of an inorganic substance and antibodies were self-assembled inside engineered bacteria. Hybrid genes were constructed to produce tailormade bead-coating proteins in the bacterium Escherichia coli. These fusion proteins contained a binding peptide for an inorganic material, the antibody binding ZZ domain, and a self-assembly promoting as well as biopolymer synthesizing enzyme. Production of these multidomain fusion proteins inside E. coli resulted in self-assembly of beads comprising a biopolyester core and displaying covalently bound binding sites for specific and selective binding of an inorganic substance and any antibody belonging to the immunoglobulin G class. Engineered beads were isolated and purified from the respective E. coli cells by standard cell disruption procedures. Bead morphology and the binding functionalities displayed at the bead surface were assessed by the enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay, transmission electron microscopy, elemental analysis, backscattering electron density, analytical density ultracentrifugation, and atomic force microscopy. These analyses showed that bacteria can be engineered to produce fusion proteins mediating self-assembly of spherical biopolymer beads with binding affinity to gold and/or silica and antibodies. Spherical structures of this type could conceivably serve as nano/microdevices for bioimaging in medical approaches where an antibody mediated targeted delivery of an inorganic contrast agent would be desired.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anika C Jahns
- Institute of Molecular Biosciences, Massey University, Private Bag 11222, Palmerston North, New Zealand
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17
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Poirier C, van Effenterre D, Delord B, Johannes L, Roux D. Specific adsorption of functionalized colloids at the surface of living cells: a quantitative kinetic analysis of the receptor-mediated binding. BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA-BIOMEMBRANES 2008; 1778:2450-7. [PMID: 18675781 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbamem.2008.07.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/04/2008] [Revised: 06/24/2008] [Accepted: 07/08/2008] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
This paper presents a statistical experimental study of the adsorption of colloids onto the plasma membrane of living cells mediated by specific ligand-receptor interactions. The colloids consist of lipid multilamellar liposomes (spherulites) functionalized by Shiga toxin B-subunit (STxB), while cells are cervix carcinoma epithelial cells expressing the Shiga toxin receptor, the glycolipid globotriaosyl ceramide (Gb3). The specificity of the colloid adsorption is demonstrated using both confocal microscopy and flow cytometry, while a thorough cytometry study on living cells allows characterizing the kinetics of this specific adsorption. The final number of bound colloids and the characteristic adsorption time are shown to depend on bulk concentration, as expected for a thermodynamic equilibrium. However, the colloids appear to be irreversibly attached to the membrane. We interpret this apparent irreversibility as the result of a progressive recruitment of receptors. The methodology used here, whereby microscopic mechanisms are deduced from direct quantitative measurements on living cells, might allow the optimization of drug delivery systems or the quantification of virus infectivity.
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Affiliation(s)
- C Poirier
- Université Bordeaux 1, Centre de Recherche Paul Pascal, av. du Docteur Schweitzer, 33600 Pessac, France.
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18
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Wilhelm C, Gazeau F. Universal cell labelling with anionic magnetic nanoparticles. Biomaterials 2008; 29:3161-74. [PMID: 18455232 DOI: 10.1016/j.biomaterials.2008.04.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 239] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2008] [Accepted: 04/01/2008] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
Magnetic labelling of living cells creates opportunities for numerous biomedical applications, from individual cell manipulation to MRI tracking. Here we describe a non-specific labelling method based on anionic magnetic nanoparticles (AMNPs). These particles first adsorb electrostatically to the outer membrane before being internalized within endosomes. We compared the labelling mechanism, uptake efficiency and biocompatibility with 14 different cell types, including adult cells, progenitor cells, immune cells and tumour cells. A single model was found to describe cell/nanoparticle interactions and to predict uptake efficiency by all the cell types. The potential impact of the AMNP label on cell functions, in vitro and in vivo, is discussed according to cellular specificities. We also show that the same label provides sufficient magnetization for MRI detection and distal manipulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Claire Wilhelm
- Laboratoire Matière et Systèmes Complexes (MSC), UMR 7057 CNRS et Université Paris-Diderot, Paris, France.
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19
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Jääskeläinen A, Harinen RR, Lamminmäki U, Korpimäki T, Pelliniemi LJ, Soukka T, Virta M. Production of apoferritin-based bioinorganic hybrid nanoparticles by bacterial fermentation followed by self-assembly. SMALL (WEINHEIM AN DER BERGSTRASSE, GERMANY) 2007; 3:1362-7. [PMID: 17600800 DOI: 10.1002/smll.200700011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/16/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Anu Jääskeläinen
- Department of Biochemistry and Food Chemistry, University of Turku, 20014 Turku, Finland
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20
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Vonna L, Wiedemann A, Aepfelbacher M, Sackmann E. Micromechanics of filopodia mediated capture of pathogens by macrophages. EUROPEAN BIOPHYSICS JOURNAL: EBJ 2006; 36:145-51. [PMID: 17160406 DOI: 10.1007/s00249-006-0118-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/04/2006] [Revised: 11/15/2006] [Accepted: 11/17/2006] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
The biological function of filopodia has been extensively studied while only little work has been done on their mechanical properties. In the present study, we apply magnetic microbeads to explore the capturing and initial step of phagocytosis of pathogens by macrophages through filopodia. Microbeads were covered by the bacterial coat protein invasin which is known to trigger the invasion of the intestine by the bacteria Yersinia enterocolitica. These mimetics of bacteria were placed in the vicinity of J774 mouse macrophages exhibiting long filopodia. The specific adhesion of beads to the tip of a filopodium induced the retraction of the protrusion resulting in the dragging of the bead towards the cell body. The dynamics of the retraction process was analyzed by following the in-plane motion of the bead. We estimated the minimal force developed by filopodia and compared the results with previous magnetic tweezer studies of mechanical force induced growth of protrusions (Vonna et al. 2003). We show that very thin filopodia can generate astonishingly large retraction forces over large distances (>10 microm) and can act as an efficient mechanical tool to detach pathogens adhering on surfaces.
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Affiliation(s)
- L Vonna
- Institut de Chimie des Surfaces et Interfaces, 15, rue Jean Starcky, BP2478, 68057 Mulhouse Cedex, France.
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21
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Douaihy CM, Koka V, Mingotaud C, Gauffre F. Tunable sustained release properties of “onion-like” phospholipids multilamellar vesicles. J Colloid Interface Sci 2006; 303:280-7. [PMID: 16949598 DOI: 10.1016/j.jcis.2006.07.085] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2006] [Revised: 07/23/2006] [Accepted: 07/25/2006] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
"Onion-type" multilamellar micro-vesicles of phospholipids (spherulites) were doped with different amounts of a cationic cosurfactant ((-)N-dodecyl-N-methylephedrinium bromide) for the purpose of controlling the sustained release of anionic drugs. Three weak acid probes (methyl red, chlorophenol red, and ibuprofen) were encapsulated in the vesicles as drug models. The kinetics and rate of release were studied by absorption spectroscopy and HPLC. The effect of probe charge (pH above and below pKa of the probes), of cosurfactant concentration and of added salt was investigated. It was found that, above pKa (i.e., when the probes are anionic), the release can be almost totally inhibited by doping the vesicles with 2.4 wt% of cationic cosurfactant. The release properties can even be finely tuned by controlling the amounts of the cosurfactant. Salt and pH effects demonstrate the role of electrostatic interactions in sustaining the release.
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22
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Ly MH, Naïtali-Bouchez M, Meylheuc T, Bellon-Fontaine MN, Le TM, Belin JM, Waché Y. Importance of bacterial surface properties to control the stability of emulsions. Int J Food Microbiol 2006; 112:26-34. [PMID: 16952409 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijfoodmicro.2006.05.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2005] [Revised: 02/24/2006] [Accepted: 05/24/2006] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
In colloidal media such as emulsions or food matrixes, the stability results from physicochemical interactions. The same type of interaction is involved in the attachment processes of microorganisms, through their surface properties, to interfaces. When bacteria are present in a food matrix, it is probable that their surface interacts with the other constituents. In this paper, the involvement of bacterial surface properties of Lactococcus lactis subsp lactis biovar diacetylactis (LLD) on the stability of model emulsions has been studied. The hydrophobic and electrostatic cell-surface properties were characterized by the MATH method and by microelectrophoresis, respectively. The oil-in-water emulsions were stabilized by various surface-active compounds, CTAB, SDS or Tween 20, giving differently charged droplets. Two strains with different surface characteristics were added to the emulsion. Contrasting with emulsions made with the non-ionic surfactant, for which the stability was not modified by the addition of bacteria, the emulsions made with ionic surface-active compounds were unstable in the presence of bacteria when the bacterial surface charge was opposite to the one of the emulsion droplets. Moreover, aggregation and flocculation phenomena were observed for emulsions stabilized with the cationic surfactant, particularly for more negatively charged bacteria. The effect of bacteria on the emulsion stability depended on the strain which shows the importance of the choice of the microorganism according to of the characteristics of the colloidal media to obtain a stable system. In addition, these results suggest that the interactions between bacteria and other food components can influence the position of bacteria in food matrixes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mai Huong Ly
- Laboratoire de Microbiologie UMR UB/INRA 1232, ENSBANA, 1, Esplanade Erasme 21000 Dijon, France
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23
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Chithrani BD, Ghazani AA, Chan WCW. Determining the size and shape dependence of gold nanoparticle uptake into mammalian cells. NANO LETTERS 2006; 6:662-8. [PMID: 16608261 DOI: 10.1021/nl052396o] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3117] [Impact Index Per Article: 173.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/08/2023]
Abstract
We investigated the intracellular uptake of different sized and shaped colloidal gold nanoparticles. We showed that kinetics and saturation concentrations are highly dependent upon the physical dimensions of the nanoparticles (e.g., uptake half-life of 14, 50, and 74 nm nanoparticles is 2.10, 1.90, and 2.24 h, respectively). The findings from this study will have implications in the chemical design of nanostructures for biomedical applications (e.g., tuning intracellular delivery rates and amounts by nanoscale dimensions and engineering complex, multifunctional nanostructures for imaging and therapeutics).
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Affiliation(s)
- B Devika Chithrani
- Institute of Biomaterials & Biomedical Engineering, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario M5S 3G9, Canada
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24
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Wong HL, Bendayan R, Rauth AM, Xue HY, Babakhanian K, Wu XY. A mechanistic study of enhanced doxorubicin uptake and retention in multidrug resistant breast cancer cells using a polymer-lipid hybrid nanoparticle system. J Pharmacol Exp Ther 2006; 317:1372-81. [PMID: 16547167 DOI: 10.1124/jpet.106.101154] [Citation(s) in RCA: 256] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
The objectives of this study were to evaluate the potential of a polymer-lipid hybrid nanoparticle (PLN) system to enhance cellular accumulation and retention of doxorubicin (Dox), a widely used anticancer drug and an established P-glycoprotein (Pgp) substrate, in Pgp-overexpressing cancer cell lines and to explore the underlying mechanisms. Nanoparticles containing Dox complexed with a novel anionic polymer (Dox-PLN) were prepared using an ultrasound method. Two Pgp-overexpressing breast cancer cell lines (a human cell line, MDA435/LCC6/MDR1, and a mouse cell line, EMT6/AR1) were used to investigate the effect of nanoparticles on cellular uptake and retention of Dox. Endocytosis inhibition studies and fluorescence microscopic imaging were performed to elucidate the mechanisms of cellular drug uptake. Treatment of Pgp-overexpressing cell lines with Dox-PLNs resulted in significantly enhanced Dox uptake and more substantial increases in drug retention after the end of treatment compared with free Dox solutions (p < 0.05). Fluorescence microscopic images showed improved nuclear localization of Dox and uptake of lipid when the drug was delivered in the Dox-PLN form to MDA435/LCC6/MDR1 cells. Endocytosis inhibition studies revealed that phagocytosis is an important pathway in the membrane permeability of the nanoparticles. These findings suggest that some of the Dox physically associated with the nanoparticles bypass the membrane-associated Pgp when delivered as Dox-PLNs, and in this form, the drug is better retained within the Pgp-overexpressing cells than the free drug. The present study suggests a new mechanism for overcoming drug resistance in Pgp-overexpressing tumor cells using lipid-based nanoparticle formulations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ho Lun Wong
- Graduate Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Leslie Dan Faculty of Pharmacy, 19 Russell Street, University of Toronto, ON, Canada M5S 2S2
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25
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Elouahabi A, Ruysschaert JM. Formation and intracellular trafficking of lipoplexes and polyplexes. Mol Ther 2005; 11:336-47. [PMID: 15727930 DOI: 10.1016/j.ymthe.2004.12.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 320] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2004] [Accepted: 12/11/2004] [Indexed: 10/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Cationic lipid/DNA lipoplexes and cationic polymer/DNA polyplexes represent an attractive alternative to viral vectors for cell transfection in vitro and in vivo but still suffer from a relatively low efficiency. Optimization of their transfection efficiency may be attempted by using a trial and error approach consisting of synthesizing and testing a large number of derivatives. On the other hand, rational design of highly efficient cationic lipids and polymers requires a deeper understanding of the interactions between the vector and the DNA as well as the cellular pathways and mechanisms involved in DNA entry into the cell and ultimately the nucleus. In the present review, the pathways and mechanisms involved in lipoplex- and polyplex-mediated transfection are comparatively addressed and unresolved questions are highlighted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abdelatif Elouahabi
- Center for Structural Biology and Bioinformatics, Structure and Function of Biological Membranes, Université Libre de Bruxelles, Campus Plaine CP 206/2, B-1050 Brussels, Belgium
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26
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Sarda S, Pointu D, Pincet F, Henry N. Specific recognition of macroscopic objects by the cell surface: evidence for a receptor density threshold revealed by micrometric particle binding characteristics. Biophys J 2004; 86:3291-303. [PMID: 15111442 PMCID: PMC1304194 DOI: 10.1016/s0006-3495(04)74377-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
The establishment of specific molecular bonds between a cell and a facing surface is involved in many physiological and technological situations. Using micrometric magnetic particles, we have explored the formation of specific molecular bonds between the cell and surfaces bearing complementary ligands under passive conditions. Streptavidin-coated particles were targeted to the cell surface of a B-cell line through a specific biotinylated antibody against the CD19 receptor. Flow cytometry, optical microscopy, and micropipette experimental techniques have been used. Main findings have been that cell surface receptor density acted like a switch for particle capture with a threshold value found here equal to 1.6 x 10(3) receptor/ microm(2). This led to exclusion from binding of the cells of lowest receptor density. The density threshold was modulated by the length of the binding link and the physics of the cell/particle collision. We suggest that the shear stress is one of the main determinants of the characteristics of binding. We also show that several thousand receptors were involved in the cell particle contact at the end of the binding process, although only eight bonds are required for the initial capture of a particle. A passive binding inhibition process due to link concentration by the initial contact was proposed to account for the small number of particles per cell.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stéphanie Sarda
- Laboratoire Chimie Bioinorganique Médicale, Institut Universitaire Technologique Paul Sabatier, Castres, France
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27
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Smirnov P, Gazeau F, Lewin M, Bacri JC, Siauve N, Vayssettes C, Cuénod CA, Clément O. In vivo cellular imaging of magnetically labeled hybridomas in the spleen with a 1.5-T clinical MRI system. Magn Reson Med 2004; 52:73-9. [PMID: 15236369 DOI: 10.1002/mrm.20121] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
The feasibility of in vivo cellular imaging using a 1.5 T clinical magnet was studied in the mouse. Hybridoma cells were labeled with anionic gamma-Fe2O3 superparamagnetic iron oxide nanoparticles. These were internalized by the endocytose pathway. Both electron spin resonance and magnetophoresis as a measure of the labeled cells migration velocity under a magnetic field were used to quantify particle uptake. A fast (< 2 hr) and substantial (up to 5 pg of iron per cell) internalization of nanoparticles by hybridomas was found, with good agreement between the two methods used. Hybridomas labeled with 2.5 pg iron per cell were injected intraperitoneally to male Swiss nude mice. A decrease in the spleen signal, suggesting a "homing" of labeled hybridomas to this organ, was found 24 hr later by MRI performed at 1.5 T. Furthermore, in labeled cells recovered from the spleen by ex vivo magnetic sorting, a mean of 0.5 pg iron per cell was found, i.e., a value five times lower than that of the injected hybridomas. This finding is consistent with in vivo proliferation of these cells. In addition, the amount of labeled hybridomas present in the spleen was found to correlate with MRI signal intensity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pierre Smirnov
- Laboratoire de Recherche en Imagerie (LRI), Inserm U 494, Faculté de Médecine Necker, Paris, France
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Chenevier P, Delord B, Amédée J, Bareille R, Ichas F, Roux D. RGD-functionalized spherulites as targeted vectors captured by adherent cultured cells. BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA 2002; 1593:17-27. [PMID: 12431780 DOI: 10.1016/s0167-4889(02)00313-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
Abstract
Spherulites are multilamellar vesicles consisting of concentric shells that can encapsulate small organic molecules or macromolecules. We investigate the possibility of targeting neutral spherulites to adherent culture cells by functionalizing their surface with RGD-containing ligands. The strength and specificity of association of RGD spherulites with several cell lines (EAhy 926 endothelial cell line, human umbilical vein endothelial cell (HUVEC) and human osteoprogenitor (HOP) primary cells) was studied, and the molecular interaction of RGD spherulites with the EAhy 926 cell surface was investigated. We show that, after binding to cells, spherulites are internalized.
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Affiliation(s)
- P Chenevier
- Centre de Recherche Paul Pascal, av Pr Schweitzer, 33600 Pessac, France.
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29
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Abstract
We report here the formation of adhesive conjugates between living cells and properly tailored colloidal liquid droplets bearing a cationic surfactant. We show that the droplets could wet cell surface with a well-defined contact angle, allowing direct determination of the energy of adhesion. We also describe the effect of cationic surfactant concentration on adhesion efficiency. This provides new tools to probe living cell surface properties and find practical laws for cell adhesion on well-defined surfaces.
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Affiliation(s)
- Valérie Ravaine
- L.A.C.Re.M-E.N.S.C.P.B. 16, avenue Pey-Berland, 33607 Pessac Cedex, France
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30
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Abstract
We studied the interaction of bilayer vesicles and adhesive nanoparticles using a Brownian dynamics simulation. The nanoparticles are simple models of proteins or colloids. The adhering nanoparticle induces the morphological change of the vesicle: budding, formation of two vesicles in which only outer monolayers are connected, and fission. We also show that the nanoparticle promotes the fusion process: fusion-pore opening from a stalk intermediate, a neck-like structure that only connects outer monolayers of two vesicles. The nanoparticle bends the stalk, and induces the pore opening.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hiroshi Noguchi
- Department of Applied Molecular Science, Institute for Molecular Science, Okazaki 444-8585, Japan.
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