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Rogers EA, Beauclair T, Thyen A, Shi R. Utilizing novel TBI-on-a-chip device to link physical impacts to neurodegeneration and decipher primary and secondary injury mechanisms. Sci Rep 2022; 12:11838. [PMID: 35821510 PMCID: PMC9276772 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-022-14937-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2021] [Accepted: 06/15/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
While clinical observations have confirmed a link between the development of neurodegenerative diseases and traumatic brain injuries (TBI), there are currently no treatments available and the underlying mechanisms remain elusive. In response, we have developed an in vitro pendulum trauma model capable of imparting rapid acceleration injuries to neuronal networks grown on microelectrode arrays within a clinically relevant range of g forces, with real-time electrophysiological and morphological monitoring. By coupling a primary physical insult with the quantification of post-impact levels of known biochemical pathological markers, we demonstrate the capability of our system to delineate and investigate the primary and secondary injury mechanisms leading to post-impact neurodegeneration. Specifically, impact experiments reveal significant, force-dependent increases in the pro-inflammatory, oxidative stress marker acrolein at 24 h post-impact. The elevation of acrolein was augmented by escalating g force exposures (30–200 g), increasing the number of rapidly repeated impacts (4–6 s interval, 3, 5 and 10×), and by exposing impacted cells to 40 mM ethanol, a known comorbidity of TBI. The elevated levels of acrolein following multiple impacts could be reduced by increasing time-intervals between repeated hits. In addition, we show that conditioned media from maximally-impacted cultures can cause cellular acrolein elevation when introduced to non-impact, control networks, further solidifying acrolein’s role as a diffusive-factor in post-TBI secondary injuries. Finally, morphological data reveals post-impact acrolein generation to be primarily confined to soma, with some emergence in cellular processes. In conclusion, this novel technology provides accurate, physical insults with a unique level of structural and temporal resolution, facilitating the investigation of post-TBI neurodegeneration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Edmond A Rogers
- Weldon School of Biomedical Engineering, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN, 47907, USA.,Department of Basic Medical Sciences, School of Veterinary Medicine, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN, 47907, USA.,Center for Paralysis Research, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN, 47907, USA
| | - Timothy Beauclair
- Weldon School of Biomedical Engineering, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN, 47907, USA.,Department of Basic Medical Sciences, School of Veterinary Medicine, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN, 47907, USA.,Center for Paralysis Research, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN, 47907, USA
| | - Andrew Thyen
- Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, 46033, USA
| | - Riyi Shi
- Weldon School of Biomedical Engineering, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN, 47907, USA. .,Department of Basic Medical Sciences, School of Veterinary Medicine, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN, 47907, USA. .,Center for Paralysis Research, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN, 47907, USA.
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A systematic review of large animal models of combined traumatic brain injury and hemorrhagic shock. Neurosci Biobehav Rev 2019; 104:160-177. [PMID: 31255665 DOI: 10.1016/j.neubiorev.2019.06.024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2018] [Revised: 06/17/2019] [Accepted: 06/19/2019] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
Traumatic brain injury (TBI) and severe blood loss (SBL) frequently co-occur in human trauma, resulting in high levels of mortality and morbidity. Importantly, each of the individual post-injury cascades is characterized by complex and potentially opposing pathophysiological responses, complicating optimal resuscitation and therapeutic approaches. Large animal models of poly-neurotrauma closely mimic human physiology, but a systematic literature review of published models has been lacking. The current review suggests a relative paucity of large animal poly-neurotrauma studies (N = 52), with meta-statistics revealing trends for animal species (exclusively swine), characteristics (use of single biological sex, use of juveniles) and TBI models. Although most studies have targeted blood loss volumes of 35-45%, the associated mortality rates are much lower relative to Class III/IV human trauma. This discrepancy may result from potentially mitigating experimental factors (e.g., mechanical ventilation prior to or during injury, pausing/resuming blood loss based on physiological parameters, administration of small volume fluid resuscitation) that are rarely associated with human trauma, highlighting the need for additional work in this area.
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Raj R, Mikkonen ED, Siironen J, Hernesniemi J, Lappalainen J, Skrifvars MB. Alcohol and mortality after moderate to severe traumatic brain injury: a meta-analysis of observational studies. J Neurosurg 2016; 124:1684-92. [DOI: 10.3171/2015.4.jns141746] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
OBJECT
Experimental studies have shown numerous neuroprotective properties of alcohol (“ethanol”) after TBI, but clinical studies have provided conflicting results. The authors aimed to assess the relationship between positive blood alcohol concentration (BAC) on hospital admission and mortality after moderate to severe traumatic brain injury (TBI).
METHODS
The authors searched 8 databases for observational studies reported between January 1, 1990, and October 7, 2013, and investigated the effect of BAC on mortality after moderate to severe TBI. Reviews of each study were conducted, and data were extracted according to the MOOSE and PRISMA guidelines. Study quality was assessed using the Newcastle-Ottawa scale. The Mantel-Haenszel fixed effect methodology was used to generate pooled estimates. Heterogeneity was dealt with by multiple sensitivity analyses.
RESULTS
Eleven studies with a total of 95,941 patients (42% BAC positive and 58% BAC negative) were identified for the primary analysis (overall mortality 12%). Primary analysis showed a significantly lower risk of death for BAC-positive patients compared with BAC-negative patients (crude mortality 11.0% vs 12.3%, pooled OR 0.84 [95% CI 0.81–0.88]), although flawed by heterogeneity (I2 = 68%). Multiple sensitivity analyses, including 55,949 and 51,772 patients, yielded similar results to the primary analysis (crude mortality 12.2% vs 14.0%, pooled OR 0.87 [95% CI 0.83–0.92] and crude mortality 8.7% vs 10.7%, pooled OR 0.78 [95% CI 0.74–0.83]) but with good study homogeneity (I2 = 36% and 14%).
CONCLUSIONS
Positive BAC was significantly associated with lower mortality rates in moderate to severe TBI. Whether this observation is due to selection bias or neuroprotective effects of alcohol remains unknown. Future prospective studies adjusting for TBI heterogeneity is advocated to establish the potential favorable effects of alcohol on outcome after TBI.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Era D. Mikkonen
- 2Intensive Care, Helsinki University Hospital, Helsinki, Finland
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Bernier RA, Hillary FG. Trends in alcohol use during moderate and severe traumatic brain injury: 18 years of neurotrauma in Pennsylvania. Brain Inj 2016; 30:414-421. [DOI: 10.3109/02699052.2015.1127998] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
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5
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Brennan JH, Bernard S, Cameron PA, Olaussen A, Fitzgerald MC, Rosenfeld JV, Mitra B. Ethanol exposure and isolated traumatic brain injury. J Clin Neurosci 2015; 22:1928-32. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jocn.2015.05.034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2015] [Accepted: 05/09/2015] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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Brennan JH, Bernard S, Cameron PA, Rosenfeld JV, Mitra B. Ethanol and isolated traumatic brain injury. J Clin Neurosci 2015; 22:1375-81. [PMID: 26067542 DOI: 10.1016/j.jocn.2015.02.030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2014] [Revised: 02/03/2015] [Accepted: 02/04/2015] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
The aim of this systematic review was to determine whether ethanol is neuroprotective or associated with adverse effects in the context of traumatic brain injury (TBI). Approximately 30-60% of TBI patients are intoxicated with ethanol at the time of injury. We performed a systematic review of the literature using a combination of keywords for ethanol and TBI. Manuscripts were included if the population studied was human subjects with isolated moderate to severe TBI, acute ethanol intoxication was studied as an exposure variable and mortality reported as an outcome. The included studies were assessed for heterogeneity. A meta-analysis was performed and the pooled odds ratio (OR) for the association between ethanol and in-hospital mortality reported. There were seven studies eligible for analysis. A statistically significant association favouring reduced mortality with ethanol intoxication was found (OR 0.78; 95% confidence interval 0.73-0.83). Heterogeneity among selected studies was not statistically significant (p=0.25). Following isolated moderate-severe TBI, ethanol intoxication was associated with reduced in-hospital mortality. The retrospective nature of the studies, varying definitions of brain injury, degree of intoxication and presence of potential confounders limits our confidence in this conclusion. Further research is recommended to explore the potential use of ethanol as a therapeutic strategy following TBI.
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Affiliation(s)
- James H Brennan
- Emergency & Trauma Centre, The Alfred Hospital, Commercial Road, Melbourne, VIC 3004, Australia; Department of Epidemiology and Preventive Medicine, Monash University, Clayton, VIC, Australia.
| | - Stephen Bernard
- Department of Epidemiology and Preventive Medicine, Monash University, Clayton, VIC, Australia; Intensive Care Unit, The Alfred Hospital, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Peter A Cameron
- Emergency & Trauma Centre, The Alfred Hospital, Commercial Road, Melbourne, VIC 3004, Australia; Department of Epidemiology and Preventive Medicine, Monash University, Clayton, VIC, Australia; Emergency Medicine, Hamad Medical Corporation, Doha, Qatar; National Trauma Research Institute, The Alfred Hospital, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Jeffrey V Rosenfeld
- National Trauma Research Institute, The Alfred Hospital, Melbourne, VIC, Australia; Department of Neurosurgery, The Alfred Hospital, Melbourne, VIC, Australia; Department of Surgery, Monash University, Clayton, VIC, Australia; Department of Surgery, F. Edward Hébert School of Medicine, Uniformed Services University of The Health Sciences, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Biswadev Mitra
- Emergency & Trauma Centre, The Alfred Hospital, Commercial Road, Melbourne, VIC 3004, Australia; Department of Epidemiology and Preventive Medicine, Monash University, Clayton, VIC, Australia; National Trauma Research Institute, The Alfred Hospital, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
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Abstract
The majority of injury combinations in multiply injured patients entail the chest, abdomen, and extremities. Numerous pig models focus on the investigation of posttraumatic pathophysiology, organ performance monitoring and on potential treatment options. Depending on the experimental question, previous authors have included isolated insults (controlled or uncontrolled hemorrhage, chest trauma) or a combination of these injuries (hemorrhage with abdominal trauma, chest trauma, traumatic brain injury, and/or long-bone fractures). Combined trauma models in pigs can provide a high level of clinical relevance, when they are properly designed and mimicking the clinical situation. Most of these models focus on the first hours after trauma, to assess the acute sequel of traumatic hemorrhage. However, hemorrhagic shock and the associated mass transfusion are also major causes for organ failure and mortality in the later clinical course. Thus, most models lack information on the pathomechanisms during the late posttraumatic phase. Studying new therapies only during the early phase is also not reflective of the clinical situation. Therefore, a longer observation period is required to study the effects of therapeutic approaches during intensive care treatment when using animal models. These long-term studies of combined trauma models will allow the development of valuable therapeutic approaches relevant for the later posttraumatic course. This review summarizes the existing porcine models and outlines the need for long-term models to provide real effective novel therapeutics for multiply injured patients to improve organ function and clinical outcome.
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Teng SX, Molina PE. Acute alcohol intoxication prolongs neuroinflammation without exacerbating neurobehavioral dysfunction following mild traumatic brain injury. J Neurotrauma 2013; 31:378-86. [PMID: 24050411 DOI: 10.1089/neu.2013.3093] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Traumatic brain injury (TBI) represents a leading cause of death and disability among young persons with ∼1.7 million reported cases in the United States annually. Although acute alcohol intoxication (AAI) is frequently present at the time of TBI, conflicting animal and clinical reports have failed to establish whether AAI significantly impacts short-term outcomes after TBI. The objective of this study was to determine whether AAI at the time of TBI aggravates neurobehavioral outcomes and neuroinflammatory sequelae post-TBI. Adult male Sprague-Dawley rats were surgically instrumented with gastric and vascular catheters before a left lateral craniotomy. After recovery, rats received either a primed constant intragastric alcohol infusion (2.5 g/kg+0.3 g/kg/h for 15 h) or isocaloric/isovolumic dextrose infusion followed by a lateral fluid percussion TBI (∼1.4 J, ∼30 ms). TBI induced apnea and a delay in righting reflex. AAI at the time of injury increased the TBI induced delay in righting reflex without altering apnea duration. Neurological and behavioral dysfunction was observed at 6 h and 24 h post-TBI, and this was not exacerbated by AAI. TBI induced a transient upregulation of cortical interleukin (IL)-6 and monocyte chemotactic protein (MCP)-1 mRNA expression at 6 h, which was resolved at 24 h. AAI did not modulate the inflammatory response at 6 h but prevented resolution of inflammation (IL-1, IL-6, tumor necrosis factor-α, and MCP-1 expression) at 24 h post-TBI. AAI at the time of TBI did not delay the recovery of neurological and neurobehavioral function but prevented the resolution of neuroinflammation post-TBI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sophie X Teng
- Department of Physiology, Alcohol and Drug Abuse Center of Excellence, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center , New Orleans, Louisiana
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Kanbak G, Kartkaya K, Ozcelik E, Guvenal AB, Kabay SC, Arslan G, Durmaz R. The neuroprotective effect of acute moderate alcohol consumption on caspase-3 mediated neuroapoptosis in traumatic brain injury: the role of lysosomal cathepsin L and nitric oxide. Gene 2012; 512:492-5. [PMID: 23099040 DOI: 10.1016/j.gene.2012.10.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2011] [Revised: 06/25/2012] [Accepted: 10/10/2012] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
Our aim in this study was to investigate the effect of moderate acute alcohol administration on cysteine protease mediated neuronal apoptosis and nitric oxide production in the traumatic brain injury. A total of 29 adult Sprague-Dawley male rats weighing 250-300 g were used. The rats were allocated into four groups. The first group was the control (sham-operated) group in which only a craniotomy was performed, the others were alcohol, trauma and trauma+alcohol groups. Caspase-3 enzyme activity in the trauma group increased significantly in comparison with the control group. The alcohol given group showed a decreased caspase-3 enzyme activity compared to the trauma group. The level of caspase-3 enzyme activity in the alcohol+trauma group decreased in comparison to the trauma group. SF/FEL ratio of cathepsin-L enzyme activity in the trauma group was significantly higher than in the control group. Our results indicate that moderate alcohol consumption may have protective effects on apoptotic cell death after traumatic brain injury. Protective effects of moderate ethanol consumption might be related to inhibition of lysosomal protease release and nitric oxide production.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gungor Kanbak
- Eskisehir Osmangazi University, The Medical School, Department of Biochemistry, Turkey
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10
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Vink R, Byard RW. Alcohol Intoxication May Exacerbate the Effects of Blunt Cranial Trauma Through Changes in Brain Free Magnesium Levels. J Forensic Sci 2012; 57:979-82. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1556-4029.2012.02108.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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12
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Halámek J, Bocharova V, Chinnapareddy S, Windmiller JR, Strack G, Chuang MC, Zhou J, Santhosh P, Ramirez GV, Arugula MA, Wang J, Katz E. Multi-enzyme logic network architectures for assessing injuries: digital processing of biomarkers. MOLECULAR BIOSYSTEMS 2010; 6:2554-60. [PMID: 20953502 DOI: 10.1039/c0mb00153h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 71] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/30/2023]
Abstract
A multi-enzyme biocatalytic cascade processing simultaneously five biomarkers characteristic of traumatic brain injury (TBI) and soft tissue injury (STI) was developed. The system operates as a digital biosensor based on concerted function of 8 Boolean AND logic gates, resulting in the decision about the physiological conditions based on the logic analysis of complex patterns of the biomarkers. The system represents the first example of a multi-step/multi-enzyme biosensor with the built-in logic for the analysis of complex combinations of biochemical inputs. The approach is based on recent advances in enzyme-based biocomputing systems and the present paper demonstrates the potential applicability of biocomputing for developing novel digital biosensor networks.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jan Halámek
- Department of Chemistry and Biomolecular Science, Clarkson University, Potsdam, NY 13699-5810, USA
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Melnikov D, Strack G, Zhou J, Windmiller JR, Halámek J, Bocharova V, Chuang MC, Santhosh P, Privman V, Wang J, Katz E. Enzymatic AND Logic Gates Operated Under Conditions Characteristic of Biomedical Applications. J Phys Chem B 2010; 114:12166-74. [DOI: 10.1021/jp105912e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Dmitriy Melnikov
- Department of Physics, Clarkson University, Potsdam, New York 13676, Department of Chemistry and Biomolecular Science, Clarkson University, Potsdam, New York 13676, and Department of NanoEngineering, University of California−San Diego, La Jolla, California 92093
| | - Guinevere Strack
- Department of Physics, Clarkson University, Potsdam, New York 13676, Department of Chemistry and Biomolecular Science, Clarkson University, Potsdam, New York 13676, and Department of NanoEngineering, University of California−San Diego, La Jolla, California 92093
| | - Jian Zhou
- Department of Physics, Clarkson University, Potsdam, New York 13676, Department of Chemistry and Biomolecular Science, Clarkson University, Potsdam, New York 13676, and Department of NanoEngineering, University of California−San Diego, La Jolla, California 92093
| | - Joshua Ray Windmiller
- Department of Physics, Clarkson University, Potsdam, New York 13676, Department of Chemistry and Biomolecular Science, Clarkson University, Potsdam, New York 13676, and Department of NanoEngineering, University of California−San Diego, La Jolla, California 92093
| | - Jan Halámek
- Department of Physics, Clarkson University, Potsdam, New York 13676, Department of Chemistry and Biomolecular Science, Clarkson University, Potsdam, New York 13676, and Department of NanoEngineering, University of California−San Diego, La Jolla, California 92093
| | - Vera Bocharova
- Department of Physics, Clarkson University, Potsdam, New York 13676, Department of Chemistry and Biomolecular Science, Clarkson University, Potsdam, New York 13676, and Department of NanoEngineering, University of California−San Diego, La Jolla, California 92093
| | - Min-Chieh Chuang
- Department of Physics, Clarkson University, Potsdam, New York 13676, Department of Chemistry and Biomolecular Science, Clarkson University, Potsdam, New York 13676, and Department of NanoEngineering, University of California−San Diego, La Jolla, California 92093
| | - Padmanabhan Santhosh
- Department of Physics, Clarkson University, Potsdam, New York 13676, Department of Chemistry and Biomolecular Science, Clarkson University, Potsdam, New York 13676, and Department of NanoEngineering, University of California−San Diego, La Jolla, California 92093
| | - Vladimir Privman
- Department of Physics, Clarkson University, Potsdam, New York 13676, Department of Chemistry and Biomolecular Science, Clarkson University, Potsdam, New York 13676, and Department of NanoEngineering, University of California−San Diego, La Jolla, California 92093
| | - Joseph Wang
- Department of Physics, Clarkson University, Potsdam, New York 13676, Department of Chemistry and Biomolecular Science, Clarkson University, Potsdam, New York 13676, and Department of NanoEngineering, University of California−San Diego, La Jolla, California 92093
| | - Evgeny Katz
- Department of Physics, Clarkson University, Potsdam, New York 13676, Department of Chemistry and Biomolecular Science, Clarkson University, Potsdam, New York 13676, and Department of NanoEngineering, University of California−San Diego, La Jolla, California 92093
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Halámek J, Windmiller JR, Zhou J, Chuang MC, Santhosh P, Strack G, Arugula MA, Chinnapareddy S, Bocharova V, Wang J, Katz E. Multiplexing of injury codes for the parallel operation of enzyme logic gates. Analyst 2010; 135:2249-59. [PMID: 20617272 DOI: 10.1039/c0an00270d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 87] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
The development of a highly parallel enzyme logic sensing concept employing a novel encoding scheme for the determination of multiple pathophysiological conditions is reported. The new concept multiplexes a contingent of enzyme-based logic gates to yield a distinct 'injury code' corresponding to a unique pathophysiological state as prescribed by a truth table. The new concept is illustrated using an array of NAND and AND gates to assess the biomedical significance of numerous biomarker inputs including creatine kinase, lactate dehydrogenase, norepinephrine, glutamate, alanine transaminase, lactate, glucose, glutathione disulfide, and glutathione reductase to assess soft-tissue injury, traumatic brain injury, liver injury, abdominal trauma, hemorrhagic shock, and oxidative stress. Under the optimal conditions, physiological and pathological levels of these biomarkers were detected through either optical or electrochemical techniques by monitoring the level of the outputs generated by each of the six logic gates. By establishing a pathologically meaningful threshold for each logic gate, the absorbance and amperometric assays tendered the diagnosis in a digitally encoded 6-bit word, defined as an 'injury code'. This binary 'injury code' enabled the effective discrimination of 64 unique pathological conditions to offer a comprehensive high-fidelity diagnosis of multiple injury conditions. Such processing of relevant biomarker inputs and the subsequent multiplexing of the logic gate outputs to yield a comprehensive 'injury code' offer significant potential for the rapid and reliable assessment of varied and complex forms of injury in circumstances where access to a clinical laboratory is not viable. While the new concept of parallel and multiplexed enzyme logic gates is illustrated here in connection to multi-injury diagnosis, it could be readily extended to a wide range of practical medical, industrial, security and environmental applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jan Halámek
- Department of Chemistry and Biomolecular Science, Clarkson University, Potsdam, NY 13699-5810, USA
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Opreanu RC, Kuhn D, Basson MD. Influence of alcohol on mortality in traumatic brain injury. J Am Coll Surg 2010; 210:997-1007. [PMID: 20510810 PMCID: PMC3837571 DOI: 10.1016/j.jamcollsurg.2010.01.036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 60] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2009] [Revised: 01/29/2010] [Accepted: 01/29/2010] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Razvan C Opreanu
- Department of Surgery, College of Human Medicine, Michigan State University, 1200 East Michigan Avenue, Lansing, MI 48912, USA
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Digital biosensors with built-in logic for biomedical applications—biosensors based on a biocomputing concept. Anal Bioanal Chem 2010; 398:1591-603. [DOI: 10.1007/s00216-010-3746-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 140] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2010] [Revised: 04/11/2010] [Accepted: 04/12/2010] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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Manesh KM, Halámek J, Pita M, Zhou J, Tam TK, Santhosh P, Chuang MC, Windmiller JR, Abidin D, Katz E, Wang J. Enzyme logic gates for the digital analysis of physiological level upon injury. Biosens Bioelectron 2009; 24:3569-74. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bios.2009.05.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 58] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2009] [Revised: 05/08/2009] [Accepted: 05/14/2009] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
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Privman M, Tam TK, Pita M, Katz E. Switchable Electrode Controlled by Enzyme Logic Network System: Approaching Physiologically Regulated Bioelectronics. J Am Chem Soc 2008; 131:1314-21. [DOI: 10.1021/ja8088108] [Citation(s) in RCA: 144] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Marina Privman
- Department of Chemistry and Biomolecular Science, and NanoBio Laboratory, Clarkson University, Potsdam, New York 13699-5810, and Empire State College, State University of New York, Post Office Box 940, Black River, New York 13612-0009
| | - Tsz Kin Tam
- Department of Chemistry and Biomolecular Science, and NanoBio Laboratory, Clarkson University, Potsdam, New York 13699-5810, and Empire State College, State University of New York, Post Office Box 940, Black River, New York 13612-0009
| | - Marcos Pita
- Department of Chemistry and Biomolecular Science, and NanoBio Laboratory, Clarkson University, Potsdam, New York 13699-5810, and Empire State College, State University of New York, Post Office Box 940, Black River, New York 13612-0009
| | - Evgeny Katz
- Department of Chemistry and Biomolecular Science, and NanoBio Laboratory, Clarkson University, Potsdam, New York 13699-5810, and Empire State College, State University of New York, Post Office Box 940, Black River, New York 13612-0009
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Kirshtein B, Hilzenrat N, Yaari A, Souter KJ, Artru AA, Shapira Y, Sikuler E. Hemodynamic changes in visceral organs following closed head trauma in rats. Resuscitation 2008; 77:127-31. [DOI: 10.1016/j.resuscitation.2007.10.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2007] [Revised: 10/22/2007] [Accepted: 10/26/2007] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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Modification of acute cardiovascular homeostatic responses to hemorrhage following mild to moderate traumatic brain injury. Crit Care Med 2008; 36:216-24. [PMID: 18090349 DOI: 10.1097/01.ccm.0000295425.41831.85] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES The cardiovascular homeostatic responses to hemorrhage are coordinated in the central nervous system. Coincidental brain injury, which is present in 64% of trauma patients, could impair these responses. Our objective was to test the hypothesis that mild to moderate traumatic brain injury alters cardiovascular reflex responses to acute hemorrhage. DESIGN Experimental prospective, randomized study in terminally anesthetized rats. SETTING Experimental laboratory of university. SUBJECTS Twenty-four male Wistar rats weighing 240-260 g. INTERVENTIONS Brain injury was induced using the lateral fluid percussion injury model in anesthetized rats. The fluid percussion device delivered an applied cortical pressure of 1.2 atm and 1.8 atm, producing mild and moderate injury, respectively. Control animals underwent identical surgical procedures but with no applied cortical pressure. Hemorrhage was carried out 10 mins after brain injury, at a rate of 2% of blood volume per minute until 40% blood volume was withdrawn. MEASUREMENTS AND MAIN RESULTS The effects of acute traumatic brain injury on the biphasic heart rate and mean arterial blood pressure response to hemorrhage were studied. Traumatic brain injury attenuated the normal bradycardic response and delayed the hypotensive response to hemorrhage. This effect was graded according to the severity of brain injury. In mild injury, the depressor phase was delayed, but the biphasic pattern of heart rate response was maintained. No mortality was observed in this group. Following moderate brain injury, marked attenuation of the biphasic heart rate and mean arterial blood pressure response (p < .001 and p = .0007) was observed. Fifty percent of this group died within 90 mins of hemorrhage completion. Significant differences in the biphasic response were observed between survivors and nonsurvivors (p = .013, p = .001, respectively). In nonsurvivors, the biphasic response was abolished. CONCLUSIONS Acute mild and moderate traumatic brain injury disrupts cardiovascular homeostatic responses to extracranial hemorrhage; this disruption is graded according to the severity of traumatic brain injury. Severe disruption is associated with an increase in early mortality.
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Zink BJ, Stern SA, McBeth BD, Wang X, Mertz M. Effects of ethanol on limited resuscitation in a model of traumatic brain injury and hemorrhagic shock. J Neurosurg 2006; 105:884-93. [PMID: 17405260 DOI: 10.3171/jns.2006.105.6.884] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
Object
Limited resuscitation following uncontrolled hemorrhagic shock (HS) has been associated with improved outcomes in various animal models, although it has not been previously studied in the setting of traumatic brain injury (TBI) and ethanol intoxication. The aim of the present study was to determine the effects of ethanol intoxication in a model of experimental TBI and HS treated with limited resuscitation.
Methods
After induction of anesthesia and the placement of instruments, swine were subjected to a fluid-percussion injury of 3 atm. Simultaneously, hemorrhage was induced from an arterial catheter via a computerized roller pump to a mean arterial blood pressure (MABP) of 50 mm Hg, at which time uncontrolled hemorrhage was induced by the creation of an aortic tear. When the MABP decreased to 30 mm Hg, limited resuscitation to a MABP of 60 mm Hg was begun. After 60 minutes, animals were aggressively resuscitated to baseline MABP levels. Two groups of animals were studied: those receiving tap water by gastrostomy tube and those receiving ethanol (4 g/kg) by gastrostomy tube. Animals were monitored for 180 minutes after TBI. Hemorrhage volumes were significantly greater in ethanol-infused animals (mean ± standard deviation, 41 ± 34 mm Hg) compared with tap water–infused animals (17 ± 18 mm Hg; p = 0.048). Resuscitation requirements were significantly higher and metabolic parameters significantly worse in the ethanol group. Survival time was also significantly decreased in the animals infused with ethanol (81 ± 60 minutes) compared with those infused with tap water (130 ± 51 minutes; p = 0.035).
Conclusions
Ethanol intoxication led to increased hemorrhage volume and worsened hemodynamic and metabolic profiles in this model of limited resuscitation after TBI and HS. Ethanol-exposed animals had increased resuscitation requirements and decreased survival times.
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Affiliation(s)
- Brian J Zink
- Department of Emergency Medicine, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA.
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Is M, Tanriverdi T, Akyuz F, Ulu MO, Ustundag N, Gezen F, Yavuz O, Uzan M. Yings and Yangs of Acute Ethanol Intoxication in Experimental Traumatic Brain Injury. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2005. [DOI: 10.1097/01.wnq.0000152407.39871.c7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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Wilde EA, Bigler ED, Gandhi PV, Lowry CM, Blatter DD, Brooks J, Ryser DK. Alcohol abuse and traumatic brain injury: quantitative magnetic resonance imaging and neuropsychological outcome. J Neurotrauma 2004; 21:137-47. [PMID: 15000755 DOI: 10.1089/089771504322778604] [Citation(s) in RCA: 57] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Prior or concurrent alcohol use at the time of traumatic brain injury (TBI) was examined in terms of post-injury atrophic changes measured by quantitative analysis of magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and neuropsychological outcome. Two groups of TBI subjects were examined: those with a clinically significant blood alcohol level (BAL) present at the time of injury (TBI + BAL) and those without a significant BAL (TBI-only). To explore the potential impact of both acute and chronic alcohol use, subjects in both groups were further clustered into one of four subgroups (NONE, MILD, MODERATE or HEAVY) based upon available information regarding their pre-injury alcohol use. One-way analysis of covariance (ANCOVA) and multiple analysis of covariance (MANCOVA) were used with subject grouping as the main factor. Age, injury severity as measured by Glasgow Coma Scale (GCS) score, years of education, total intracranial volume (TICV), and the number of days post-injury were included as covariates where appropriate. Increased general atrophy was observed in patients with (a) a positive BAL and/or (b) a history of moderate to heavy pre-injury alcohol use. In addition, performance on neuropsychological outcome variables (WAIS-R and WMS-R Index scores) was generally worse in the subgroups of patients with positive BAL and a history of preinjury alcohol use, as compared to the other TBI groups though not statistically significant. Implications of alcohol use, at the time of brain injury, are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elisabeth A Wilde
- Department of Physical Medicine & Rehabilitation, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas, USA
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Taylor AN, Romeo HE, Beylin AV, Tio DL, Rahman SU, Hovda DA. Alcohol consumption in traumatic brain injury: attenuation of TBI-induced hyperthermia and neurocognitive deficits. J Neurotrauma 2002; 19:1597-608. [PMID: 12542860 DOI: 10.1089/089771502762300256] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Clinical and animal studies indicate that hyperthermia during or after traumatic brain injury (TBI) is associated with poor outcome. Alcohol intoxication, a complicating risk factor in many cases of head injury, has been found to both worsen or attenuate posttraumatic neural damage and outcome. The purpose of the present study was to determine whether chronic ethanol consumption would affect TBI-induced hyperthermia and deficits in spatial learning. TBI was produced by cortical contusion injury in adult male rats. We first characterized the TBI-induced febrile response using probes implanted intraperitoneally (ip) or intracerebroventricularly for continuous biotelemetric recording of core body and brain temperatures and locomotor activity. In another experiment, rats, implanted with ip probes, were fed a liquid diet containing ethanol (5% w/v, 35% ethanol-derived calories); control rats were pair-fed the isocaloric liquid diet (P-P). At 14 days after commencement of diet feeding, TBI or sham surgery was performed, and the ethanol-fed rats were divided into two groups: half were transferred to the isocaloric diet (E-P) and the other half remained on the ethanol-containing diet (E-E). TBI produced a significant febrile response in all rats, that persisted for at least 6 days in the E-P and P-P groups but lasted for only 2 days in the E-E group. When tested at 3-4 weeks after TBI, E-E rats required significantly fewer trials than E-P rats to reach criterion in the Morris water maze. In sum, continuous consumption of ethanol before and after TBI attenuated TBI-induced hyperthermia and deficits in spatial learning. Whereas the results suggest that this ethanol regimen may be neuroprotective, a causal relationship between the two outcomes remains to be determined.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna N Taylor
- Department of Neurobiology and Brain Research Institute, UCLA School of Medicine, Los Angeles, California 90095-1763, USA.
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Zink BJ, Schultz CH, Stern SA, Mertz M, Wang X, Johnston P, Keep RF. Effects of Ethanol and Naltrexone in a Model of Traumatic Brain Injury With Hemorrhagic Shock. Alcohol Clin Exp Res 2001. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1530-0277.2001.tb02298.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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